Journal articles on the topic 'Colour complementary contrast'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Colour complementary contrast.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Colour complementary contrast.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Moulden, Bernard, Fred Kingdom, and Brian Wink. "Colour Pools, Brightness Pools, Assimilation, and the Spatial Resolving Power of the Human Colour-Vision System." Perception 22, no. 3 (March 1993): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p220343.
Full textAbstract:
A stimulus is described that demonstrates the spatial pooling of colour information in the visual system. Chequerboards (or gratings) consisting of alternating squares (or stripes) of complementary colours become achromatic at particular spatial scales; such stimuli have been named ‘transchromatic’ stimuli. Colour pools are much larger than the receptive fields that respond to luminance contrast. Some measurements are described which form the basis for estimates of the size of the colour pools. The size of colour pools varies according to the colours involved. For red—cyan and green—magenta complementary pairs colour is pooled at spatial frequencies above about 7–8 cycles deg−1, implying pools whose diameter is around 8 min arc. For yellow—blue complementary pairs the corresponding figures are about 4 cycles deg−1 and 15 min arc. Some phenomena of normal colour vision, colour blindness, and the development of infant vision are discussed in the light of these findings.
2
Ward, Tara. "Pure Painting and Mottled Colour." Excursions Journal 4, no. 2 (January 24, 2020): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20919/exs.4.2013.196.
Full textAbstract:
On the eve of World War I, Guillaume Apollinaire announced the birth of ‘pure painting’. Scholars have typically understood this as an early version of mid-century theories of abstract art; however, that interpretation ignores the poet’s close association with Robert and Sonia Delaunay. Those artists were deeply influenced by M. E. Chevreul, a nineteenth-century colour theorist who showed that complementary hues appear more pure when seen simultaneously. Most often discussed in relation to the phenomenological changes that occur when red and green are viewed side-by-side, simultaneous contrast suggests an alternative view of purity. For the Delaunays, pure painting was not a retreat from the world, but a way of making its dichotomies and conflicts more visible.
3
Fritsch, J., and C. Neumeyer. "Colour Constancy in Goldfish—The Role of Surround Reflectance." Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (August 1996): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96l0405.
Full textAbstract:
Simultaneous colour contrast as well as colour constancy have been shown quantitatively for the goldfish. In behavioural experiments we investigated colour constancy in goldfish for green and purple colours. Two fish were trained with food rewards to select one of ten test-fields in hues ranging, in small steps of saturation, from deep green, through grey, to deep purple. In the training situation the whole disk was illuminated by white light, whereas in the test situation it was changed to green and purple light, respectively. The role of surround reflectance was investigated by presenting the test fields either on a black or on a white surround. With a black surround (low reflectance) in purple illumination the fish chose test fields that were more green than the training field indicating imperfect colour constancy. With a white surround (high reflectance), however, the fish chose testfields that were more purple. This ‘overcompensation’ indicates that a white surround induces a hue complementary to that of the illumination. A similar phenomenon is known as the Helson — Judd effect in human colour vision. For green illumination the phenomenon was similar. The effect could be decreased by reducing the white surround to small white annuli around the test fields. A decrease was also achieved by separating the white surround from the test fields by black annuli. Perfect colour constancy could thus be obtained with a certain size of a white surround as well as with a certain size of separation. We therefore assume that lateral interactions play an important role in colour constancy.
4
Peres, Stephanie, Eric Giraud-Heraud, Anne-Sophie Masure, and Sophie Tempere. "Rose Wine Market: Anything but Colour?" Foods 9, no. 12 (December 11, 2020): 1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9121850.
Full textAbstract:
In many countries, the consumption of still wine is in strong decline. The market for rose wine, however, stands in stark contrast to this trend, seeing worldwide growth of almost 30% over the last 15 years. For most observers/experts, product colour plays an important role in this paradigm shift. For this reason, companies’ marketing efforts often focus on this purely visual characteristic. There is, however, no certainty that other emerging consumer demands, related to environmental concerns or how “natural” a wine is (organic wines, natural wines, etc.), do not also play a role in the enthusiasm seen in new wine consumers. This article proposes an assessment of expectations related to colour and the decisions made by rose wine consumers, using two complementary experiments carried out in France. The first experiment is based on an online survey studying only consumers’ colour preferences. We will show that, contrary to popular belief, there is no consensus on this criterion, although regional trends can be identified. Typically, the “salmon” shade, which is generally the leader on the global market—and characteristic of Provence wines—does not win unanimous support across all regions. In contrast, an “apricot” shade seems to be preferred by consumers in the Bordeaux region. The second experiment confirms this result within the framework of an experimental market revealing consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP). This market also offers consumers the opportunity to taste wines and provides information on organic certification and “naturalness” (symbolised by the absence of added sulphites). We will then demonstrate how the latter criteria, although often popular, play only a small role—compared with colour—in consumer decisions. We will conclude this article with observations on the atypical nature of the rose wine market and on possible avenues for further research related to the emotional role colour plays in wine tasting and its possible specificity in the world of food and drink products.
5
Calvo-Maroto, Ana M., José J. Esteve-Taboada, Rafael J. Pérez-Cambrodí, David Madrid-Costa, and Alejandro Cerviño. "Pilot Study on Visual Function and Fundus Autofluorescence Assessment in Diabetic Patients." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1287847.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. Evaluate optimized fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging in early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and relate findings with conventional colour fundus imaging and visual function in diabetic patients and control subjects.Materials and Methods. FAF and colour images were obtained using the CR-2 Plus digital nonmydriatic retinal camera in seven diabetic patients and thirteen control subjects. Visual-Functioning Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25) and Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) were used to assess the quality of life and diabetes self-care. Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) was evaluated with the Vistech 6500 chart.Results. FAF and optimized-FAF imaging showed more retinal alterations related to DR than colour imaging. In diabetic patients, compatible signs with microaneurysms, capillary dilations, and haemorrhages were less numerous in colour imaging than optimized-FAF and FAF imaging in areas analysed. Control subjects at risk of developing DM showed more retinal pigment epithelium defects than those without risk in all retinal areas. Significant differences were not found in VFQ-25 and CSF between diabetic patients and control subjects.Conclusions. FAF and optimized-FAF imaging showed significant alterations related to DR not observed in colour imaging. FAF and optimized-FAF images could be a useful complementary tool for detecting early alterations associated with the development and progression of DR.
6
Hoffmann, Margarete, Namita Tripathi, Stefan R. Henz, Anna K. Lindholm, Detlef Weigel, Felix Breden, and Christine Dreyer. "Opsin gene duplication and diversification in the guppy, a model for sexual selection." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, no. 1606 (September 26, 2006): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3707.
Full textAbstract:
Identification of genes that control variation in adaptive characters is a prerequisite for understanding the processes that drive sexual and natural selection. Male coloration and female colour perception play important roles in mate choice of the guppy, a model organism for studies of natural and sexual selection. We examined a potential source for the known variation in colour perception, by analysing genomic and complementary DNA sequences of genes that code for visual pigment proteins. We find high sequence variability, both within and between populations, and expanded copy number for long-wave sensitive (LWS) opsin genes. Alleles with non-synonymous changes that suggest dissimilar spectral tuning properties occur in the same population and even in the same individual, and the high frequency of non-synonymous substitutions argues for diversifying selection acting on these proteins. Therefore, variability in tuning amino acids is partitioned within individuals and populations of the guppy, in contrast to variability for LWS at higher taxonomic levels in cichlids, a second model system for differentiation owing to sexual selection. Since opsin variability parallels the extreme male colour polymorphism within guppy populations, we suggest that mate choice has been a major factor driving the coevolution of opsins and male ornaments in this species.
7
Nuryanto, E. Chasanah, D. N. Afifah, Y. N. Fawzya, T. D. Suryaningrum, P. Martosuyono, Y. I. Putri, A. Rossalia, N. Asmak, and K. Ihsani. "Characteristics of product complementary feeding with fortified fish protein hydrolysate (FPH)." Food Research 6, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.6(1).665.
Full textAbstract:
Malnutrition is still a major problem in Indonesia, particularly stunting and acute malnutrition due to protein deficiency. In contrast, Indonesia is rich in protein sources such as fish but they are poorly utilized. Biologically processed fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) has proven to be highly nutritious and digestible. Our preliminary study in developing the High Protein Complementary Food (HPCF) formula for infant enriched with FPH, showed that of 17 formulas, 3 formulas was the best. This study was aimed to analyzing sensory analysis using the hedonic test, physical analysis and absorption protein. The result shows that the hedonic test of FPH-enriched HPCF infant food revealed that the product was acceptable in term of colour, aroma and texture. In comparison to the commercial product, FPH-enriched instant HPCF infant product had higher bulk density. The highest Water Absorption Index (WAI) was F1-C, the highest Water Solubility Index (WSI) was F1-P, and the lowest rehydration was F2-P. Compared to commercial products, the instant FPH-enriched HPCF baby porridge has a bulk density that is greater than that of commercial products. The highest Water Absorption Index (WAI) was F1-C, the highest Water Solubility Index (WSI) was F1-P and the lowest time for Rehydration was at F2-P. HPCF enriched with FPH showed the best protein absorption significantly in the P2 treatment group
8
Wilkie, Alison L., Siobhán A. Jordan, and Ian J. Jackson. "Neural crest progenitors of the melanocyte lineage: coat colour patterns revisited." Development 129, no. 14 (July 15, 2002): 3349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.14.3349.
Full textAbstract:
Neural crest-derived melanoblasts are the progenitors of melanocytes, the pigment cells of the skin, hair and choroid. Previous studies of adult chimaeric mice carrying different coat colour markers have suggested that the total melanocyte population is derived from a small number of melanoblast progenitors, each of which generates a discrete unilateral transverse band of colour. This work also suggested minimal mixing of cells between clones. We have used two complementary approaches to assess the behaviour of migrating clones of melanoblasts directly in the developing embryo. First, we made aggregation chimaeras between transgenic Dct-lacZ and non-transgenic embryos, in which lacZ is a marker for melanoblasts. Second, we generated transgenic mice carrying a modified lacZ reporter construct containing a 289 base pair duplication (laacZ) under the control of the Dct promoter. The laacZ transgene is normally inactive, but reverts to wild-type lacZ at low frequency, labelling a cell and all of its progeny at random. Mosaic embryos containing labelled melanoblast clones were generated. In contrast to previous data, chimaeric and mosaic embryonic melanoblast patterns suggest that: (1) there is a large number of melanoblast progenitors; (2) there is a pool of melanoblasts in the cervical region; (3) different cell dispersion mechanisms may operate in the head and trunk regions; and (4) there is extensive axial mixing between clones.
9
Hillman, A. Robert, Hannah Lane, Kayleigh Skidmore, Mariyam Ula, Adriana Ribeiro, and Alexandro Mangueira Lima de Assis. "Latent Fingerprint Enhancement on Metallic Surfaces Using Electroactive Film Deposition Combined with Electrochemically Driven Dye Encapsulation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 45 (July 7, 2022): 1910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01451910mtgabs.
Full textAbstract:
Criminal investigations require establishment of the identities of suspects, victims and witnesses. The most common physical evidence that accomplishes this is a fingermark: it is unique to an individual and time-invariant. Its presence can establish contact between an individual and an object or place the individual at a crime scene. In practice, most such marks are latent (non-visible) fingermarks: these require chemical or physical treatment to render a visible image. Typical chemical treatments involve interaction of a reagent (powder, cyanoacrylate, dye) with the fingerprint residue. Deterioration or loss of residue due to environmental exposure limits the efficacy of these treatments. The success rate for developing a latent mark to a standard permitting a legally acceptable identification is only ca. 10%; this motivates new chemical approaches. In a complementary strategy, we have used the fingerprint residue as a template (“mask”) to direct electrochemically generated reagent to the bare surface between the deposited ridges, thereby creating a negative image of the fingerprint. On metallic substrates the deposition and viewing processes may be controlled electrochemically. This offers the promise of application to a range of objects forensically relevant to both violent crime (knives, guns, bullet casings) and volume crime (tools, handles at points of entry and metal theft). This templating concept was originally demonstrated using electrodeposited polyaniline [1] and PEDOT [2] films, whose electrochromic properties were used to optimize the visual contrast within the fingerprint image. We subsequently extended this concept through the use of electrodeposited poly(pyrrole-co-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) copolymers of varying composition to provide wider and more subtle variation of optical properties (simplistically, colour) [3]. Through deliberate selection of co-monomer feedstock, polymer deposition potential and subsequent “viewing” potential, one could then pre-select bespoke material characteristics optimized to a specific substrate. Here we further extend the concept by the inclusion of the dyes Methyl Red (MR), Methyl Orange (MO), Indigo Carmine (IC) or Basic Yellow 40 (BY) into electrodeposited polypyrrole (PPy) films by a combination of electrostatic and/or physical entrapment. The substrates were stainless steel electrodes, upon which a latent fingerprint had been deposited. The deposition medium was an aqueous pyrrole (0.05 mol L-1) / dye (0.005 mol L-1) solution. In the case of MR, sodium dodecylsulphate (0.005 mol L-1) was employed to improve dye solubility. We compare the effectiveness of potentiostatic (0.90 – 1.00 V vs. Ag/AgCl) and galvanostatic (2.5 – 5.0 mA cm-2) deposition control functions. The extent of polymer deposition was varied via deposition time (60 to 300 s) and coulometrically assayed. Dye encapsulation was qualitatively apparent as the polypyrrole films presented the colour of the dye used as dopant: PPy/MR and PPy/MO films were reddish-brown, and PPy/IC was blue. Complementary to these colours seen via absorbance, the emission properties of BY (widely used in conjunction with cyanoacrylate) are also apparent via fluorescence when irradiated with UV light. We will present and interpret images demonstrating how these all these composite electroactive materials yield excellent colour contrast between the surface and the fingerprint. Specifically, one can readily identify the so-called second level features that, in conjunction with dactyloscopy images, unambiguously identify individuals or establish connections between crime scenes. The advantages of this approach, alone and in combination with conventional visualization techniques, will be discussed.
10
Donoyama, Nozomi, and Norio Ohkoshi. "Electroacupuncture Therapy for Arthralgia and Raynaud's Phenomenon in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus." Acupuncture in Medicine 28, no. 1 (March 2010): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.2009.001529.
Full textAbstract:
A 45-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus presented with multiple arthralgia, coldness in fingers and toes, and Raynaud's phenomenon. Electroacupuncture (EA) therapy was performed in two courses (14 treatment sessions) 1 month apart. A needle was inserted in the proximal (or medial) side of the painful joint and another needle was inserted in the distal (or lateral) side of the same joint and a 50 Hz stimulus was applied (3 s bursts with 1 s gaps) for 15 min. A visual analogue scale was used to evaluate pain intensity. Cold provocation testing was conducted before and after EA sessions to determine the vasomotor response. Visual analogue scale scores were lower after EA sessions than before. Before starting EA, the skin temperature of the right mid fingertip was 27.9°C and that of the left mid fingertip was 28.3°C. In contrast, after the EA sessions, the skin temperature of the right mid fingertip was 34.8°C and that of the left mid fingertip was 34.7°C. In the last EA session, the patient reported that the cold in her fingers and toes had eased and Raynaud's phenomenon, in which nail colour tone changed from white to red, had disappeared. In the cold-provocation test, before EA, the temperature recovery rates of mid fingertips after cold exposure reached over 80% in 20 min. In contrast, after EA had been completed, the temperature recovery rate exceeded 80% in 10 min, thus the delay of temperature recovery was alleviated.
11
Park, Young-Jae. "Development of the 8-Item Phlegm Pattern Questionnaire (PPQ-8) Using Rasch Analysis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (October 28, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6528891.
Full textAbstract:
The 25-item Phlegm Pattern Questionnaire (PPQ) has been widely used to examine the relationship between the phlegm pattern (PP), quality of life, tongue colour, vocal qualities, and dysfunctional breathing. However, the concerns of response burden and differences in the respondent’s abilities or item difficulty for the original version of the PPQ have not been sufficiently addressed. This study aimed to develop a short-form PPQ using Rasch analysis, an item response theory. Based on the retrospective data, the response order, differential item functioning (DIF), dimensionality, reliability, concurrent validity, and fitting errors were examined for 291 normal participants and 61 inpatients. The discriminative ability of the short-form PPQ was examined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Along with Rasch analysis, another short-form PPQ was developed using equidiscriminative item-total correlation (EITC) analysis and the results between the two short-form PPQs were compared accordingly. Rasch analysis results suggested a 6-point response category for the PPQ, and finally, 8 items without fitting errors or DIF variability were selected for the PPQ (PPQ-8). The PPQ-8 had satisfactory reliability (person separation index = 2.23), unidimensionality (unexplained variance in the first contrast = 1.598), fitting levels (infit mean square, 0.80–1.39; outfit mean square, 0.79–1.34), sensitivity (70.5%), and specificity (76.5%). The PPQ-8 had a moderate discriminative ability of the PP (area under the curve = 0.759), and the cut-off point was 23. Although the 8-item PPQ developed using EITC analysis showed similar levels of reliability, validity, and discriminative ability of the PP to the PPQ-8, it could not present the information of item hierarchy and differences in the respondents’ abilities. In conclusion, the PPQ-8 by Rasch analysis is recommended for future use to evaluate the clinical severity of PP.
12
PINNA, BAINGIO, LOTHAR SPILLMANN, and JOHN S. WERNER. "Flashing anomalous color contrast." Visual Neuroscience 21, no. 3 (May 2004): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523804213049.
Full textAbstract:
A new visual phenomenon that we call flashing anomalous color contrast is described. This phenomenon arises from the interaction between a gray central disk and a chromatic annulus surrounded by black radial lines. In an array of such figures, the central gray disk no longer appears gray, but assumes a color complementary to that of the surrounding annulus. The induced color appears: (1) vivid and saturated; (2) self-luminous, not a surface property; (3) flashing with eye or stimulus movement; (4) floating out of its confines; and (5) stronger in extrafoveal than in foveal vision. The strength of the effect depends on the number, length, width, and luminance contrast of the radial lines. The results suggest that the chromatic ring bounding the inner tips of the black radial lines induces simultaneous color contrast, whereas the radial lines elicit, in conjunction with the gray disk and the ring, the flashing, vividness, and high saturation of the effect. The stimulus properties inducing the illusion suggest that flashing anomalous color contrast may be based on asynchronous interactions among multiple visual pathways.
13
Arjonilla, Paz, María José Ayora-Cañada, María José de la Torre-López, Elena Correa Gómez, Ramón Rubio Domene, and Ana Domínguez-Vidal. "Spectroscopic Investigation of Wall Paintings in the Alhambra Monumental Ensemble: Decorations with Red Bricks." Crystals 11, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040423.
Full textAbstract:
The Alhambra Monumental Ensemble (Granada, Spain) is a unique well-preserved palatine city from the medieval Islamic period, and it constitutes the best example of Nasrid architecture. In this work, we focus on the study of one of its most unknown decorations: Wall paintings with the appearance of red bricks. These faux-brick decorations are found in many different locations within the Alhambra complex, including both exterior and interior walls, arches and vaults. We have considered locations from different Nasrid reigns to gain information about their characteristics in terms of materials, execution techniques and conservation state. They have been studied combining a non-invasive methodology using portable equipment (X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy) with complementary studies on selected samples (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Raman microimaging). In general, those located in the exterior are poorly preserved, in contrast with the good conservation state of the interior motifs. The red rectangles of these decorations were painted over a white finishing layer, which acted also as the edge lines between these false bricks. The red colour was always due to hematite (α-Fe2O3), as revealed by its characteristic Raman bands. The use of a natural red ochre pigment (very abundant in the region) could be hypothesised considering XRF and SEM-EDS results. In general, the white layer was made of lime mortar and the presence of CaCO3 in the painting layers suggests the use of lime-based techniques (either fresco or mezzo fresco). Only in one of the indoor locations, a different execution technique, based on gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) plaster, was used. The identification of calcium oxalate in this location, in the form of weddellite (CaC2O4·2H2O), can be interpreted as the result of organic binder degradation. Furthermore, superficial contamination with gypsum was always detected in outdoor locations.
14
Kuzmin, Vladimir. "Bi-level perception and color modes. Contrast ratio and complementarity of colors." Философская мысль, no. 10 (October 2021): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2021.10.36358.
Full textAbstract:
For the “Self”, color is a color text, a structure consisting of two elements: internal context (content: tone, saturation, brightness) and external context (conditions under which color actualizes in a situation: lightness, proximity, etc.). Perception of the color is when the content overlays the conditions. The modes of color are revealed depending on the ratio of indicated contexts. There are three color modes: visible, invisible, and colorless. The goal of this article is to describe the color modes, and their correlation with contrast and complementarity of colors, what entails bi-level perception of color. The article employs situational and phenomenological approaches. Visible color for the “Self” occurs when the internal context completely overlays the external context. Invisible color occurs in the presence of internal context and absence of one or more external factors: no tone, no contrast with background, etc. “Colorless” mode occurs when the internal context is not fully set in the situation of presence of the external context: no tone, saturation, or brightness. Color in the “colorless” mode is achromatic. The compatibility of separate colors within the color text leads to the phenomena of complementarity and contrast ratio, which are interrelated with the color modes. There are two levels of color perception: 1) fundamental, i.e. is the perception of achromatic color with gradations from sharply white to pure black; gray color with varying degrees of brightness is present in chromatic colors (as the “base”); 2) perception of the chromatic colors, founded on the colorless “base”. Such bi-level perception of color is substantiated by the fact that the consciousness seeks harmony and balance, i.e. minimization of perception of the visual.
15
Misra, Ashish K., Mary Sartor, Rosemary Sutton, Nicola C. Venn, Shamira Cross, Ken Bradstock, Murray Norris, and Luciano Dalla-Pozza. "Minimal Residual Disease in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Comparative Study of Flow Cytometry and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RQ-PCR)." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 4504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4504.4504.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Approximately 25% of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) relapse after frontline therapy. Current stratification methods using clinical/biological criteria fail to identify a significant proportion of these children. Numerically more patients classified as standard/medium risk relapse than those with high-risk ALL. Early identification of this group with intensification of therapy may prevent this. We compare two techniques, multi-parameter flow cytometry (FCM) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD) in bone marrow after initial therapy in newly diagnosed patients. We report our initial experience in patients with B-lineage ALL from a single institution (CHW) treated on the ANZ Haematology-Oncology Group Study VIII protocol for ALL. Multiparameter FCM was performed using two different four colour combinations of antibodies: CD19APC/CD45PerCP/CD10FITC/CD20PE and CD19APC/CD45PerCP/CD34FITC/CD9PE. A series of dual parameter displays were generated to define normal B cell differentiation pathways and this allowed the discrimination of malignant precursor B cells. RQ-PCR used clone specific primers and Taqman probes selected after sequencing the immunoglobulin heavy chain and/or T cell receptor gene rearrangements detected in the diagnosis DNA. The RQ-PCR assays had greater sensitivity and were highly reproducible. The timepoints used for analysis were Day 33 (D33) and D79, following induction and consolidation respectively. Of 45 patients, 44 (98%) had informative RQ-PCR markers: 12 (27%) with high MRD levels at D33 (>10−3) while 3 (6.7%) had high levels at D79. In contrast by FCM 5 (11.1%) had positive MRD (>0.1%) on D33 compared with 7 (15.6%) on D79. The 3 with high MRD on RQ-PCR at D79 were also identified by FCM. 2 of these 3 patients had been classified as standard/medium risk by conventional criteria. These two techniques may be complementary in identifying patients with significant MRD. Only a proportion of patients were identified by both methods. Long term follow up and ongoing recruitment will help delineate the optimal surveillance/stratification strategy by correlating these findings with outcome.
16
Sohmiya, Seiyu. "Explanation for Neon Color Effect in Achromatic Line Segments on Chromatic Inducers Based on the Multiple Interpretation Hypothesis." Perceptual and Motor Skills 101, no. 1 (August 2005): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.101.1.267-282.
Full textAbstract:
In van Tuijl's neon configurations, an achromatic line segment on a blue inducer produces yellowish illusory color in the illusory area. This illusion has been explained based on the idea of the complementary color induced by the blue inducer. However, it is proposed here that this illusion can be also explained by introducing the assumption that the visual system unconsciously interprets an achromatic color as information that is constituted by transparent and nontransparent colors. If this explanation is correct, not only this illusion, but also the simultaneous color contrast illusion can be explained without using the idea of the complementary color induction.
17
Krishnan, Anand, Avehi Singh, and Krishnapriya Tamma. "Visual signal evolution along complementary color axes in four bird lineages." Biology Open 9, no. 9 (September 2, 2020): bio052316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.052316.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTAvian color patterns function in varied behavioral contexts, most being produced by only a handful of mechanisms including feather nanostructures and pigments. Within a clade, colors may not occupy the entire available space, and incorporating complementary colors may increase the contrast and efficacy of visual signals. Here, we describe plumage patterns in four ecologically and phylogenetically diverse bird families to test whether they possess complementary colors. We present evidence that plumage colors in each clade cluster along a line in tetrachromatic color space. Additionally, we present evidence that in three of these clades, this line contains colors on opposite sides of a line passing through the achromatic point (putatively complementary colors, presenting higher chromatic contrast). Finally, interspecific color variation over at least some regions of the body is not constrained by phylogenetic relatedness. By describing plumage patterns in four diverse lineages, we add to the growing body of literature suggesting that the diversity of bird visual signals is constrained. Further, we tentatively hypothesize that in at least some clades possessing bright colors, species-specific plumage patterns may evolve by swapping the distributions of a complementary color pair. Further research on other bird clades may help confirm whether these patterns are general across bird families.
18
Chang, Laibin, Huajun Song, Mingjie Li, and Ming Xiang. "UIDEF: A real-world underwater image dataset and a color-contrast complementary image enhancement framework." ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 196 (February 2023): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2023.01.007.
Full text
19
Zhou, Junling, Youxiu Wei, Gui Luo, Jianming Zheng, and Chunye Xu. "Electrochromic properties of vertically aligned Ni-doped WO3 nanostructure films and their application in complementary electrochromic devices." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 8 (2016): 1613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc03750f.
Full text
20
Sun, Haitao, Zuoping Xie, Chun Ju, Xiaowen Hu, Dong Yuan, Wei Zhao, Lingling Shui, and Guofu Zhou. "Dye-Doped Electrically Smart Windows Based on Polymer-Stabilized Liquid Crystal." Polymers 11, no. 4 (April 16, 2019): 694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040694.
Full textAbstract:
Here we report the fabrication of dye-doped polymer-stabilized liquid crystals (PSLC)-based smart windows. The effect of dye doping on PSLC contrast was investigated. Non-dichroic dye tints the PSLC sample in both off- and on-state, which is not beneficial for increasing its off/on contrast. The sample doped with dichroic dye shows a slight color in the off-state and strong color in the on-state, resulting in an enhanced contrast, which attributed to orientation dependent absorption of dichroic dyes. Furthermore, we blended non-dichroic dye and dichroic dye who have complementary absorption together into PSLC mixture. The sample is almost colorless in the off-state due to the subtractive process, while colored in the on-state. The contrast is further enhanced. The results show that the proposed multi-dye-doped PSLC device has high visual contrast and fast response time, making it attractive for applications in light management and architectural aesthetics.
21
Wałęsa-Chorab, Monika, and William G. Skene. "Extending the Color Retention of an Electrochromic Device by Immobilizing Color Switching and Ion-Storage Complementary Layers." Electronic Materials 1, no. 1 (December 14, 2020): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronicmat1010005.
Full textAbstract:
The thermal polymerization of a bis(triphenylamine)-bis(styrene) monomer on ITO coated glass gave an electroactive film that underwent two stepwise oxidations. The perceived color change of the film upon stepwise oxidation was colorless-to-yellow followed by yellow-to-blue. The anodic cyclic voltammogram of the monomer was consistent over multiple cycles. The immobilized film could be reversibly switched between its colorless and blue states with applied potential in both a half- and full-electrochromic functioning device. The devices could also reversibly switch their colors upwards of 6 h. The retention of the electrochemically induced blue color was contingent on the device architecture. Upwards of 80% of the color was maintained 30 min after the potential was turned off with the double-layer electrochromic device structure. This device was prepared from two electroactive layers: a bis(triphenylamine) and viologen-based polymers that were immobilized on the electrodes. In contrast, 50% of the color of the active electrochromic device that was prepared from a single electroactive layer bleached 7 min once the potential was no longer applied.
22
Diaz, Rienzi A., Ernesto Aranguiz, and Oneglio Pedemonte. "Complementary Roles of Transthoracic Two-Dimensional Color Doppler Imaging and Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography in Diagnosis of Endomyocardial Fibrosis." Echocardiography 26, no. 5 (May 2009): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8175.2008.00847.x.
Full text
23
Czaja, Maria, Radosław Lisiecki, Mariola Kądziołka-Gaweł, and Antoni Winiarski. "Some Complementary Data about the Spectroscopic Properties of Manganese Ions in Spodumene Crystals." Minerals 10, no. 6 (June 19, 2020): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10060554.
Full textAbstract:
The color change of the pink and colorless LiAlSi2O6 spodumene crystal due to irradiation and heating is explained. The hypothesis about the change of Mn3+ to Mn4+ after irradiation was rejected. For the studied crystals, it was shown that both Mn2+ and Mn3+ occupy the M2 (not the M1) crystal site. Spodumene crystals which are primary pink (kunzite) contain Mn3+ (and Mn2+) at the M1 site. By contrast, those that become pink due to irradiation and heating contain Mn3+ and Mn2+ at the M2 site. The emission band of the former is 625 nm, and for the latter, it is 591 nm.
24
Sugimoto, Ryo, Ryoji Maruyama, and Wataru Watanabe. "Acquisition of Multi-Modal Images of Structural Modifications in Glass with Programmable LED-Array-Based Illumination." Applied Sciences 9, no. 6 (March 18, 2019): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061136.
Full textAbstract:
Ultrashort laser pulses can induce structural modifications in bulk glass, leading to refractive index change and scattering damage. As bright-field, dark-field, and phase imaging each provide complementary information about laser-induced structures, it is often desired to use multiple observations simultaneously. As described herein, we present the acquisition of bright-field, dark-field, and differential phase-contrast images of structural modifications induced in glass by femtosecond laser pulses with an LED array microscope. The contrast of refractive index change can be enhanced by differential phase-contrast images. We also report on the simultaneous acquisition of bright-field and dark-field images of structural modifications in a glass with LED-array-based Rheinberg illumination. A single-shot color image is separated to obtain bright field and dark field images simultaneously. We provide an experimental demonstration on multi-modal imaging of structural modifications in a glass with an LED array microscope using temporally-coded illumination and color-coded illumination.
25
Huang, Shihui, and Feng Zhou. "The Effects of Photo Decoration Cues on Online Consumers’ Affective Responses." BCP Business & Management 25 (August 30, 2022): 763–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v25i.1906.
Full textAbstract:
This study refines three decoration cues from the photos in the online grocery store which enable consumer to experience grocery with affective responses. Three cues on consumers’ affective perception, attitudes as well as behavioral intention were examined in a laboratory experiment. The experiment results show that (1) both reflective surface and complementary goods layout lead to visual appeal and shopping enjoyment; (2) contrast color usage positively impacts on visual appeal while does not significantly affect shopping enjoyment; (3) consumers’ affective responses positively impact attitudes toward product and store which in turn lead to purchase intention and store loyalty. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
26
Mohammed, Maha, and Khalil Mohammed. "The Problem of see the Colors in the Graphic Design to Color Blindness Patients." Journal of Advance Research in Pharmacy & Biological Science (ISSN: 2208-2360) 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2016): 01–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnpbs.v2i1.718.
Full textAbstract:
This research explains the problem of use of colors in graphic design such as ( logos , posters, and so on) to patients with color blindness, Color blindness is one of human diseases , in this disease changed many concepts The first change is the concept of art , That the color component has a big role in art and design ,This disease is mostly a hereditary disease for males than females. Many graphic designers didn't put into consideration when choosing the color groups for their designs how color blindness patients see these designs ? So this research will focus about this point because the color element in graphic design is very important and take a big role in graphic design field to attract users. This research explains definition color blindness disease & Disease's reasons & Kinds of Disease and answered What color blindness patients see? . The research explains The Ishihara test is a color perception test for red-green color deficiencies. It was named after its designer, Dr. Shinobu Ishihara, a professor at the University of Tokyo, who first published his tests in 1917, the research explains the details about this test . And this research focus that There are theories of color for graphic design , the designers used its such Complementary / contrast between warm color & cold color ( red+green) . So Logos , posters , and so on missed the message in eye’s color blindness patients because color in their design didn’t clear for them . finally the research shows some designers used 2 colors red with green in design logo , poster, and so on , so their design miss the beauty and may be miss the message for color blindness patients.
27
de Beer, Martin P., Harry L. van der Laan, Megan A. Cole, Riley J. Whelan, Mark A. Burns, and Timothy F. Scott. "Rapid, continuous additive manufacturing by volumetric polymerization inhibition patterning." Science Advances 5, no. 1 (January 2019): eaau8723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau8723.
Full textAbstract:
Contemporary, layer-wise additive manufacturing approaches afford sluggish object fabrication rates and often yield parts with ridged surfaces; in contrast, continuous stereolithographic printing overcomes the layer-wise operation of conventional devices, greatly increasing achievable print speeds and generating objects with smooth surfaces. We demonstrate a novel method for rapid and continuous stereolithographic additive manufacturing by using two-color irradiation of (meth)acrylate resin formulations containing complementary photoinitiator and photoinhibitor species. In this approach, photopatterned polymerization inhibition volumes generated by irradiation at one wavelength spatially confine the region photopolymerized by a second concurrent irradiation wavelength. Moreover, the inhibition volumes created using this method enable localized control of the polymerized region thickness to effect single-exposure, topographical patterning.
28
SHEPHERD, A. J., and G. WYATT. "Changes in induced hues at low luminance and following dark adaptation suggest rod-cone interactions may differ for luminance increments and decrements." Visual Neuroscience 25, no. 3 (May 2008): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523808080358.
Full textAbstract:
Color contrast describes the influence of one color on the perception of colors in neighboring areas. This study addressed two issues: (1) the accurate representation of the color changes; (ii) the underlying visual mechanisms. Observers matched the hue that was induced in a neutral square when it was set in one of four standard colored surrounds: “red” (+L(−M) relative to neutral), “green” (−L(+M)), “purple” (+S), and “yellow” (−S). The standard and matching displays were viewed haploscopically. The standard neutral square was either a luminance increment, or decrement, both of which appeared the complementary color to the surrounds in which they were inset. In Experiment 1, the surround luminance in each eye's display was either equal, at 18 cd·m−2, or the match surround luminance was reduced to 2.5 cd·m−2. The matches with equal surround luminances could be represented as vector shifts in a logarithmic MacLeod–Boynton (r, b) chromaticity diagram, as described previously (Shepherd, 1997, 1999). The low luminance matches were, however, displaced further from neutral, as if larger chromatic differences were needed. The precise direction of the displacements differed for luminance increments and decrements: the red, green and yellow decrement matches were also displaced vertically downwards in the MacLeod-Boynton diagram. In Experiment 2, dark-adapting before setting repeat color matches displaced the decrement matches vertically, but did not affect the increment matches. Thus, rod intrusion in S-cone pathways may have boosted the S-cone signal for the lowest luminance decrement matches in Experiment 1 and account for the vertical shift in MacLeod-Boynton co-ordinates. The distinct pattern of displacements for low luminance increments and decrements may be explained if the match is set at a cone-opponent, rather than a cone contrast, site and if rod signals have an input only to S-cone decrement, perhaps S-OFF, pathways.
29
Choi, Janghoon, Jun Geun Shin, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Yoon Oh Tak, Hyeong Ju Park, Jin-Chul Ahn, Joo Beom Eom, et al. "Development of Intraoperative Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging System Using a Dual-CMOS Single Camera." Sensors 22, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 5597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155597.
Full textAbstract:
We developed a single-camera-based near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging device using indocyanine green (ICG) NIR fluorescence contrast agents for image-induced surgery. In general, a fluorescent imaging system that simultaneously provides color and NIR images uses two cameras, which is disadvantageous because it increases the imaging head of the system. Recently, a single-camera-based NIR optical imaging device with quantum efficiency partially extended to the NIR region was developed to overcome this drawback. The system used RGB_NIR filters for camera sensors to provide color and NIR images simultaneously; however, the sensitivity and resolution of the infrared images are reduced by 1/4, and the exposure time and gain cannot be set individually when acquiring color and NIR images. Thus, to overcome these shortcomings, this study developed a compact fluorescent imaging system that uses a single camera with two complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors. Sensitivity and signal-to-background ratio were measured according to the concentrations of ICG solution, exposure time, and camera gain to evaluate the performance of the imaging system. Consequently, the clinical applicability of the system was confirmed through the toxicity analysis of the light source and in vivo testing.
30
Hu, Yanxiang, and Bo Zhang. "A bio-inspired two-scale complementarity evaluation method for image fusion." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 15, no. 06 (November 2017): 1750053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691317500539.
Full textAbstract:
A bio-inspired two-scale image complementarity evaluation method is proposed. This novel multi-scale method provides a promising alternative for the performance assessment of image fusion algorithms. Moreover, it can also be used to compare and analyze the multi-scale difference of raw images. Two metrics are presented and used to assess the complementarity of fusion images in non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) domains: visual saliency differences (VSDs) at the coarse scales and detail similarities (DSs) at the fine scales. Visual attention mechanism (VAM)-based saliency maps are combined with NSCT low-pass subbands to compute the VSDs, and linear correlation and contrast consistency-based DSs are compared in NSCT band-pass subbands. Five main multi-scale transform (MST)-based fusion algorithms were compared by using 30 groups of raw images that consist of four types of fusion images. Effects of NSCT filters and decomposition levels on evaluation results are discussed in detail. Furthermore, a group of color multi-exposure fusion images were also taken as examples to evaluate the complementarity of raw images. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, especially for MST-based image fusion algorithms.
31
Takayama, Shin, Masashi Watanabe, Hiroko Kusuyama, Satoru Nagase, Takashi Seki, Toru Nakazawa, and Nobuo Yaegashi. "Evaluation of the Effects of Acupuncture on Blood Flow in Humans with Ultrasound Color Doppler Imaging." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/513638.
Full textAbstract:
Color Doppler imaging (CDI) can be used to noninvasively create images of human blood vessels and quantitatively evaluate blood flow in real-time. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of acupuncture on the blood flow of the peripheral, mesenteric, and retrobulbar arteries by CDI. Statistical significance was defined asPvalues less than 0.05. Blood flow in the radial and brachial arteries was significantly lower during needle stimulation on LR3 than before in healthy volunteers, but was significantly higher after needle stimulation than before. LR3 stimulation also resulted in a significant decrease in the vascular resistance of the short posterior ciliary artery and no significant change of blood flow through the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) during acupuncture. In contrast, ST36 stimulation resulted in a significant increase in blood flow through the SMA and no significant change in the vascular resistance of the retrobulbar arteries. Additionally, acupuncture at previously determined acupoints in patients with open-angle glaucoma led to a significant reduction in the vascular resistance of the central retinal artery and short posterior ciliary artery. Our results suggest that acupuncture can affect blood flow of the peripheral, mesenteric, and retrobulbar arteries, and CDI can be useful to evaluate hemodynamic changes by acupuncture.
32
Zhou, Yongchun, Jianzhong Hu, Jingyong Zhou, Ziteng Zeng, Yong Cao, Zhanwen Wang, Can Chen, Cheng Zheng, Huabin Chen, and Hongbin Lu. "Three-dimensional characterization of the microstructure in rabbit patella–patellar tendon interface using propagation phase-contrast synchrotron radiation microtomography." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 6 (October 25, 2018): 1833–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160057751801353x.
Full textAbstract:
Understanding the three-dimensional ultrastructure morphology of tendon-to-bone interface may allow the development of effective therapeutic interventions for enhanced interface healing. This study aims to assess the feasibility of propagation phase-contrast synchrotron radiation microtomography (PPC-SRµCT) for three-dimensional characterization of the microstructure in rabbit patella–patellar tendon interface (PPTI). Based on phase retrieval for PPC-SRµCT imaging, this technique is capable of visualizing the three-dimensional internal architecture of PPTI at a cellular high spatial resolution including bone and tendon, especially the chondrocytes lacuna at the fibrocartilage layer. The features on the PPC-SRµCT image of the PPTI are similar to those of a histological section using Safranin-O staining/fast green staining. The three-dimensional microstructure in the rabbit patella–patellar tendon interface and the spatial distributions of the chondrocytes lacuna and their quantification volumetric data are displayed. Furthermore, a color-coding map differentiating cell lacuna in terms of connecting beads is presented after the chondrocytes cell lacuna was extracted. This provides a more in-depth insight into the microstructure of the PPTI on a new scale, particularly the cell lacuna arrangement at the fibrocartilage layer. PPC-SRµCT techniques provide important complementary information to the conventional histological method for characterizing the microstructure of the PPTI, and may facilitate in investigations of the repair mechanism of the PPTI after injury and in evaluating the efficacy of a different therapy.
33
Broomhall, Mark A., Leon J. Majewski, Vincent O. Villani, Ian F. Grant, and Steven D. Miller. "Correcting Himawari-8 Advanced Himawari Imager Data for the Production of Vivid True-Color Imagery." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 36, no. 3 (March 2019): 427–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-18-0060.1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractObservations of top-of-atmosphere radiances from the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) blue, green, and red spectral bands can be used to produce high-temporal-resolution, true-color imagery at 1-km spatial resolution over the Asia–Pacific region. To enhance interpretability and aesthetic appearance of these images, the top-of-atmosphere radiance data are processed to remove the Rayleigh-scattered atmospheric component, corrected for limb effects, blended with brightness temperature data from a thermal infrared window band at night, and the resultant imagery adjusted to optimize contrast. The contribution of Rayleigh scattering to the AHI observations is calculated by interpolating radiative transfer parameters from a preconstructed set of lookup tables, which are specifically created for the Himawari-8 AHI instrument. A surface reflectance value for each pixel is calculated after the Rayleigh contribution is removed. The spectrally dependent reflectance values produced from the lookup table differ from the exact calculation by up to 18% at the planetary limb, over 100% at the solar terminator, and by less than 0.5% at low to moderate solar and sensor zenith angles. The subsequent corrections applied for limb effects mitigate the areas with high interpolation error, which slightly reduces the spatial coverage, but provides Rayleigh-corrected surface reflectance products that have interpolation errors at or below 0.5%. Resolution sharpening increases the nominal pixel size from 1000 to 500 m while still producing sharp images. The resultant images are colorful, visually intuitive, high contrast, and of sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to provide a unique and complementary observational tool for use by weather forecasters and the general public alike.
34
Huang, Shih-Chia, Quoc-Viet Hoang, Trung-Hieu Le, Yan-Tsung Peng, Ching-Chun Huang, Cheng Zhang, Benjamin C. M. Fung, Kai-Han Cheng, and Sha-Wo Huang. "An Advanced Noise Reduction and Edge Enhancement Algorithm." Sensors 21, no. 16 (August 10, 2021): 5391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165391.
Full textAbstract:
Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors can cause noise in images collected or transmitted in unfavorable environments, especially low-illumination scenarios. Numerous approaches have been developed to solve the problem of image noise removal. However, producing natural and high-quality denoised images remains a crucial challenge. To meet this challenge, we introduce a novel approach for image denoising with the following three main contributions. First, we devise a deep image prior-based module that can produce a noise-reduced image as well as a contrast-enhanced denoised one from a noisy input image. Second, the produced images are passed through a proposed image fusion (IF) module based on Laplacian pyramid decomposition to combine them and prevent noise amplification and color shift. Finally, we introduce a progressive refinement (PR) module, which adopts the summed-area tables to take advantage of spatially correlated information for edge and image quality enhancement. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations demonstrate the efficiency, superiority, and robustness of our proposed method.
35
Soni, Gautam V., and Amit Meller. "Progress toward Ultrafast DNA Sequencing Using Solid-State Nanopores." Clinical Chemistry 53, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 1996–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2007.091231.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: Measurements of the ionic current flowing through nanometer-scale pores (nanopores) have been used to analyze single DNA and RNA molecules, with the ultimate goal of achieving ultrafast DNA sequencing. However, attempts at purely electronic measurements have not achieved the signal contrast required for single nucleotide differentiation. In this report we propose a novel method of optical detection of DNA sequence translocating through a nanopore. Methods: Each base of the target DNA sequence is 1st mapped onto a 2-unit code, 2 10-bp nucleotide sequence, by biochemical conversion into Designed DNA Polymers. These 2-unit codes are then hybridized to complementary, fluorescently labeled, and self-quenching molecular beacons. As the molecular beacons are sequentially unzipped during translocation through a <2-nm-wide nanopore, their fluorescent tags are unquenched and are detected by a custom-built dual-color total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscope. The 2-color optical signal is then correlated to the target DNA sequence. Results: A dual-color TIRFM microscope with single-molecule resolution was constructed, and controlled fabrication of 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional arrays of solid-state nanopores was performed. A nanofluidic cell assembly was constructed for TIRF-based optical detection of voltage-driven DNA translocation through a nanopore. Conclusions: We present a novel nanopore-based DNA sequencing technique that uses an optical readout of DNA translocating unzipping through a nanopore. Our technique offers better single nucleotide differentiation in sequence readout, as well as the possibility of large-scale parallelism using nanopore arrays.
36
Župan, Ivica. "Majstor mirenja, spajanja i kombiniranja suprotnosti." Ars Adriatica, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/ars.454.
Full textAbstract:
Igor Rončević has been painting for a very long time with the consciousness that his painterly signature can be constructed from a series of disparate fragments, and so his collage paintings are composed of elements or stylistic details thanks to which his canvas has become a place where ambivalent worlds meet - an ntersection of their paths. Rončević is therefore, a painter of ludic individualism, but, at the same time, painter with wide erudition and above all, a curious pirit, who, in a unique way - in different clusters of itations - applies and joins together experiences from he entire history of art. In his works we have for some ime observed the meetings of some of at first sight rreconcilable contrasts - the experiences of Pop art, European and American abstraction, experiences of gestural and lyrical provenance, different traces and tyles of figuration... All this heterogeneous material has been relativized in his interpretation, often even in blasphemous combinations; in a conspicuously easy and organic way, these combinations merge into a unique whole consisting of forms and meanings which are difficult to decipher. Analysis of Rončević’s paintings reveals the absence of a specific rational system that accumulates the building blocks of a painting - a mental landscape - but not the absence of a peculiar talent for creating compositional balance in a painting.The basic building block in the cycle Dulčić’s fragments is the line - stripes, that is linear, ribbon-like shapes, curved lines which meander on the surface of the canvas, and in the painted area, lines freely applied with a finger in fresh paint. The basic ludic element is colour, and the cartography of the canvas is a road with innumerable directions. The painter, treating the surface of the canvas as a field of total action, creates networks of interlacing multicoloured verticals, lively blue, blue-green and brown hues, coloured without an apparent system or principle, and also of varying width but, despite the seemingly limited starting points of his painting, he creates situations rich in interesting shifts and intriguing pictorial and colouristic happenings. The painter’s main preoccupation is the interaction of ‘neon’ colours (obviously a reference to the twentieth-century’s ‘neon’ enthusiasts), which has been achieved with a simple composition consisting of a knot of interwoven ribbons of intense colours which belong to a different chromatic register in each painting. Streams of complementary or contrasting colours, which spread out across the painted field like the tributaries of a river, subject to confluence, adopting features of the neighbouring colour, sharing the light and darkness of a ‘neon’. Although the impression implies the opposite, the application of colours, their touching and eventual interaction are strictly controlled by the skill of a great colourist. Dulčić’s fragments display Rončević’s fascinating power of unexpected associative perception. The painter now reaches for the excess of colour remaining on his palette from the work on previous paintings. He applies the colour to the canvas with a spatula in a relief impasto, and he revives the dried background with a lazure glaze of a chosen colour. On a saturated but still obviously ‘neon’ grid, the painter - evenly, like a collage detail - applies islands of open colour on the surface of the painting, which he finally paints with a brush, applying vertical white lines over the colour. These shapes of an associative and metaphorical nature are an integral part of the semantic scaffolding of composition but, without particular declarative frameworks and associative attributes, we can never precisely say what they actually represent although they are reminiscent of many things, such as seeds, bacteria, cellular microcosm, unstable primitive forms of life, the macrocosm of the universe, the structures of crystals, technical graphs, calligraphy, secret codes... The linear clarity of the drawing makes motifs concrete and palpable, possessing volume, in fact, possessing bulging physicality. In new paintings, the personal sign of the artist, which arrived in the painting from the activity of the conscious and the unconscious, has been replaced with small shapes, most similar to an oval, which look like separate pieces attached to the surface of the painting and which are reminiscent of specific painterly and artistic tendencies. Their monochrome surfaces are filled with verticals which are particles of the rational or, to put it better, from the constructivist stylistic repertoire, reminiscent, for example, of Daniel Buren’s verticals. Two divergent components - the abstract and the rational - stylistically and typologically separate, but chronologically parallel - pour into an evocative encounter which reveals a nostalgia towards two-dimensional painting. Experiences of posters and graphic design, gestural abstraction, abstract expressionism, lyrical abstraction and everything else that can be observed in this cycle of paintings are a homage to global modern painting, while the islands on the paintings pay tribute to the constructivist section of the twentieth-century avant-garde. The contents of Rončević’s paintings are also reminiscent of the rhythmicality of human figures in Dulčić’s representations of the events on Stradun, town squares, beaches, dances... In addition, to Rončević, as a Mediterranean man - in his formative years - Dulčić was an important painter and, if we persist in searching for formal similarities in their ‘handwritings’, we will find them in the hedonism of painterly matter and the sensuality of colour, luxuriant layers, the saturation of impasto painting, gestural vitality, but mostly in the Mediterranean sensibility, the Mediterranean sonority of colour, their solarity, the southern light and virtuosity of their metiérs. Like Dulčić, Rončević is also re-confirmed as a painter of impulses, of lush, luscious and extremely personalized matter, of layers of pigments, of vehement and moveable gestures, of fluid pictorialism…* * *Let us also say in conclusion that Rončević does not want to state, establish or interpret anything but to incessantly reveal possibilities, their fundamental interchangeability and arbitrariness, and following that, a general insecurity. With the skill of an experienced master painter, he also questions relationships with eclecticism and the aesthetics of kitsch; for example, he explores how far a painter can go into ornamentalization, decorativeness and coquetry without falling into the trap of kitsch but to maintain regularly the classy independence of a multilayered artifact and to question the very stamina of painting. He persistently reveals loyalty to the traditional medium of painting, the virtuosity of his métier and a strong individual stamp, strengthening his own position as a peculiar and outstandingly cultivated painter, but he also exhibits the inventiveness which makes him both different and recognizable in a series of similar painting adventures.
37
Ippolito, Davide, Sophie Lombardi, Cammillo Talei Franzesi, Silvia Girolama Drago, Giulia Querques, Alessandra Casiraghi, Anna Pecorelli, Luca Riva, and Sandro Sironi. "Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR with Quantitative Perfusion Analysis of Small Bowel in Vascular Assessment between Inflammatory and Fibrotic Lesions in Crohnʼs Disease: A Feasibility Study." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2019 (February 4, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1767620.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. To assess the feasibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion-MRI in characterization of active small-bowel inflammation and chronic mural fibrosis in patients with Crohnʼs disease (CD). Methods. We analyzed a total of 37 (11 women; 23–69 years) patients with known biopsy proven CD, who underwent MR-enterography (MRE) study, performed on a 1.5 T MRI system (Achieva, Philips), using a phased array sense body multicoil, after oral administration of 1.5–2 L of PEG solution. MRE protocol included T1 weighted, SSh T2, sBTFE, and gadolinium-enhanced THRIVE sequences acquired on coronal and axial planes. A dedicated workstation was used to generate perfusion color maps, on which we drown ROI on normal bowel and on pathological segment, thus obtaining related perfusion parameters: relative arterial, venous, and late enhancement (RAE, RVE, and RLE), maximum enhancement (ME), and time to peak (TTP). Results. Quantitative perfusion analysis showed a good correlation with local degree of Crohn’s inflammation activity. Twenty-nine out of 37 patients showed active inflammatory disease (reference standard of active disease: wall bowel thickness and layered enhancement) with following perfusion parameters: REA (%) = 116.1, RVE (%) = 125.3, RLE (%) = 127.1, ME (%) = 1054.7, TTP (sec) = 157. The same parameters calculated in patients with mural fibrosis were as follows: RAE (%): median = 56.4; RVE (%): 81.2; RLE (%): 85.4; ME (%):809.6; TTP (sec): 203.4. A significant difference (p<0.001) between inflamed and fibrotic bowel wall vascularity, regarding all perfusion parameters evaluated, was found, with higher values in active CD localizations. Conclusion. Vascular assessment of perfusion kinetics of bowel wall by dynamic contrast perfusion-MR analysis may represent a complementary diagnostic tool that enables a quantitative evaluation of local inflammation activity in CD patients.
38
Almeida, José Afonso de, Paula Vitória Bido Gellen, Daniel Martins Hiramatsu, Mariana Araújo dos Santos, Larissa Bitencourt, Eduardo Fagury Videira Marceliano, Michelle Paiva Weydt Galhardi, Marília F. Marceliano-Alves, and Eduardo Fernandes Marques. "Cavernous Hemangioma in the Orbital Cavity: Case Report." European Journal of Dentistry 16, no. 01 (October 21, 2021): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732948.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractCavernous hemangiomas are benign malformations of vascular origin, usually well circumscribed and slow to grow. These lesions can be asymptomatic, being discovered unintentionally in imaging exams or symptomatic, indicated mainly by the presence of proptosis, diplopia, and visual disturbances by optic nerve compression. The complementary exams involve computed tomography associated with contrast, color Doppler, magnetic resonance, and angiography. Treatment can be conservative or surgical depending on the case, and the open therapy usually involves lateral, supraorbital, transconjunctival, transantral, pterional, transnasal, and extradural endoscopic orbitotomy. The present study aimed to report a recurrent case of hemangioma in the orbital cavity signaled by ocular proptosis, hyperemia, and ocular pain.The lesion was achieved through the Weber-Ferguson access with zygomatic osteotomy and preservation of the infraorbital nerve. The excision of the lesion was performed, and the previously displaced fragments were fixed with 1.5 mm mini plates. The patient has a chance of progressing with visual impairment due to considerable manipulation of the optic nerve and is being followed up.The reported case showed a successful diagnosis and therapeutic conduct, remaining now in the evolution and follow-up scenario.
39
Wang, Xiao, Tao Liao, Haiyan Wang, Hongxia Hao, Qinglai Yang, Hong Zhou, Yu Ma, Minjie Zhi, Jiahao Wang, and Ruihang Fan. "Novel Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Polystyrene Nanoparticles with Trichromatic Luminescence for the Detection of Latent Fingerprints." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022 (March 7, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2230360.
Full textAbstract:
This article explored the application of novel organic-inorganic hybrid polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) with trichromatic luminescence for the detection of latent fingerprints. The PSNPs were synthesized by encapsulated Eu(DBM)3phen, coumarin 6, and FDBT into the polystyrene nanoparticles through the swelling method and applied them to visualize latent fingerprints. The PSNPs had a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 310.7 nm, and they emitted trichromatic fluorescence (525 nm/570 nm/610 nm) under 365 nm excitation wavelength with green/yellow/red color under filters. They were less likely to aggregate, float or stain the background when treating fingerprints. The developed fingerprints with excellent clarity of ridges and contrast could be viewed, and the digital magnification of fluorescence-developed fingerprints provided more minutiae details about some regional patterns. The colorimetric and fluorescent trichromatic light could provide complementary signals without the background interference from fluorescent substrates and/or complex multicolor surfaces, which improved the applicability of fluorescent nanoparticles for fingerprints development. PSNPs are promising for the detection of latent fingerprints and practical criminal investigations with their ease of operation, eco-friendly properties, and excellent trichromatic optical performance.
40
Kong, Guanghui, Zhiyong Wang, Xiuchao Wan, and Fengjun Xue. "Automatic segmentation and recognition of red and white cells in stool microscopic images of human." E3S Web of Conferences 185 (2020): 03024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018503024.
Full textAbstract:
Aiming to solve the problem of low efficiency in manually recognizing the red and white cells in stool microscopic images, we propose an automatic segmentation method based on iterative corrosion with marker-controlled watershed segmentation and an automatic recognition method based on support vector machine (SVM) classification. The method first obtains saliency map of the images in HSI and Lab color spaces through saliency detection algorithm, then fuses the salient images to complete the initial segmentation. Next, we segment the red and white cells completely based on the initial segmentation images using marker-controlled watershed algorithm and other complementary methods. According to the differences in geometrical and texture features of red and white cells such as area, perimeter, circularity, energy, entropy, correlation and contrast, we extract them as feature vectors to train SVM and finally complete the classification and recognition of red and white cells. The experimental results indicate that our proposed marker-controlled watershed method can help increase the segmentation and recognition accuracy. Moreover, since it is also less susceptible to the heteromorphic red and white cells, our method is effective and robust.
41
EMILIANO, Gustavo Barbalho Guedes, Fernando Souza MARINHO, and Rogério Nogueira de OLIVEIRA. "Potential contribution of periapical radiographic film image processing for forensic identification." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 64, no. 4 (December 2016): 484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-8637201600030000193215.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Periapical X-rays are the most common complementary tests in the dental clinic. The indication of image tests in forensic identification depends on the produced X-rays quality. The image processing of conventional radiographs can improve image quality. This study aimed to report the potential contribution of image processing from radiographic films by digitally edited periapical radiographs for case reporting of positive identification. The results of anthropological examinations and dental arches of the victim matched the information transferred by the family of the missing person. The antemortem and postmortem periapical radiographs were digitized on photo scanner (Hewlett-Packard Development Company, HP ScanJet G4050 Photo, United States) and images were processed in Corel PaintShop Pro X4 editing software (Corel Corporation, v14, Canada). The comparison of antemortem and postmortem periapical radiographs digital images allowed to determine 8 concordant points in the contour and delimit the maxillary sinus as well as periodontal and dental structures of the tooth 17. Identification of the individual was possible by digital editing of radiographs in computer software. Editing allowed adjusting image brightness, contrast and sharpness, color temperature and saturation of tooth-jaw structures. Such technological feature effectively contributed to positive identification performed by Forensic Dentistry.
42
Wang, Kun-Teng, Lih-Geeng Chen, Duen-Suey Chou, Wen-Li Liang, and Ching-Chiung Wang. "Anti-Oxidative Abilities of Essential Oils fromAtractylodes ovataRhizome." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neq006.
Full textAbstract:
The rhizome ofAtractylodes ovataDe Candolle is rich in essential oils, which are usually removed by processing. In this study, anti-oxidative abilities of essential oils and aqueous extracts ofA. ovatarhizome were explored, and the influence of processing on the anti-oxidative abilities was examined. Essential oils and aqueous extracts ofA. ovatawere extracted by boiling water and steam distillation, respectively. Quality of these twoA. ovatasamples was controlled by HPLC and GC-MS system, and anti-oxidative abilities were then evaluated. Results showed that surface color ofA. ovataturned to brown and chemical components were changed by processing. Contents of both atractylon and atractylenolide II decreased in the essential oils, but only the contents of atractylon decreased by processing. Atractylenolide III increased in bothA. ovatasamples. However,A. ovataessential oils displayed stronger anti-oxidative abilities than aqueous extracts in DPPH-scavenging, TBH-induced lipid peroxidation and catalase activity assays. Moreover, the bioactivity of essential oils from rawA. ovatawas stronger than oils from processedA. ovata. On the other hand, cytotoxicity ofA. ovataessential oils was stronger than that of aqueous extracts, and was more sensitive on H9C2 cell than NIH-3T3 and WI-38 cells. In contrast, stir-frying processing method increased cytotoxicity of essential oils, but the cytotoxicity was ameliorated when processed with assistant substances. The results suggested that phytochemical components and bioactivity ofA. ovatawere changed after processing and the essential oils from rawA. ovatashowed better anti-oxidative and fewer cytotoxicity effects.
43
Bayareh Mancilla, Rafael, Bình Tấn, Christian Daul, Josefina Gutiérrez Martínez, Lorenzo Leija Salas, Didier Wolf, and Arturo Vera Hernández. "Anatomical 3D Modeling Using IR Sensors and Radiometric Processing Based on Structure from Motion: Towards a Tool for the Diabetic Foot Diagnosis." Sensors 21, no. 11 (June 6, 2021): 3918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113918.
Full textAbstract:
Medical infrared thermography has proven to be a complementary procedure to physiological disorders, such as the diabetic foot. However, the technique remains essentially based on 2D images that display partial anatomy. In this context, a 3D thermal model provides improved visualization and faster inspection. This paper presents a 3D reconstruction method associated with temperature information. The proposed solution is based on a Structure from Motion and Multi-view Stereo approach, exploiting a set of multimodal merged images. The infrared images were obtained by automatically processing the radiometric data to remove thermal interferences, segment the RoI, enhance false-color contrast, and for multimodal co-registration under a controlled environment and a ∆T < 2.6% between the RoI and thermal interferences. The geometric verification accuracy was 77% ± 2%. Moreover, a normalized error was adjusted per sample based on a linear model to compensate for the curvature emissivity (error ≈ 10% near to 90°). The 3D models were displayed with temperature information and interaction controls to observe any point of view. The temperature sidebar values were assigned with information retrieved only from the RoI. The results have proven the feasibility of the 3D multimodal construction to be used as a promising tool in the diagnosis of diabetic foot.
44
TANCA, MARIA, and BAINGIO PINNA. "The phenomenal dissociation between coloration and object-hole effects in the watercolor illusion." Visual Neuroscience 25, no. 3 (May 2008): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523808080644.
Full textAbstract:
The watercolor illusion is a color spreading effect at long-range diffusing from a thin colored contour juxtaposed to a chromatic one of higher contrast and a object-hole effect across a large area (Pinna, 1987; Pinna et al., 2001, 2003; Pinna & Reeves, 2006). The watercolored figure appears evenly colored by an opaque light veil of chromatic tint (coloration effect), with a clear surface color property spreading from the lighter contour. At the same time, the watercolored figure manifests a strong figure-ground organization and a solid figural appearance comparable to a bas-relief illuminated from the top (object-hole effect). It appears similar to a rounded surface segregated in depth, which extends out from the flat surface. The complementary region appears as a hole or empty space. The phenomenal properties of coloration and object-hole effects raise some questions. Can the two effects be considered relatively independent? Under what conditions can a possible dissociation occur? How does the dissociation of one effect, say the coloration, influence the object-hole effect and vice versa? To answer these questions two new effects related to the watercolor illusion were psychophysically studied: (1) the “uneven watercolor,” based on a modified watercolor figure without volumetric and three-dimensional properties but with a strong coloration effect and (2) the “watercolor surface capture,” where oblique lines within a watercolor figure appear bulging, curved in depth and segregated from those that are perceived as placed in the background or perceived through holes. The results of two experiments suggest that the coloration effect can be dissociated from the object-hole one. These results are discussed in the light of a simple summation hypothesis of the underlying effects composing the whole figurality. This hypothesis can suggest further investigation both in the phenomenal and in the neurophysiological domain.
45
Meder, Alberto Ramón, María Carolina Miguel, and Natalia Cazaux. "Parámetros doppler color y espectral de pronóstico negativo en valvulopatía mitral degenerativa." Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research 5, no. 4 (December 28, 2022): 4399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv5n4-083.
Full textAbstract:
La insuficiencia valvular mitral crónica degenerativa implica la presencia de flujo retrógrado desde la cavidad ventricular hacia la cavidad auricular izquierda durante la sístole. Regurgitaciones más severas están asociadas a patologías más avanzadas y se relacionan, en general, a un peor pronóstico. La evaluación doppler color y espectral, de la magnitud de la regurgitación mitral, aporta información útil a los fines diagnósticos, del pronóstico y las alternativas terapéuticas. El presente trabajo describe los hallazgos doppler color y espectral que se asocian a una mayor alteración patológica, a un pronóstico desfavorable y a un mayor riesgo de insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva en caninos domésticos. La presencia de onda E mayor a 1.4 m/s, regurgitaciones con perfil asimétrico, onda v en la pendiente de desaceleración y densidad del espectro del jet de regurgitación similar al espectro de llenado ventricular, radio de área de isovelocidad proximal (PISA) mayor a 5 mm, relación diámetro de vena contracta versus diámetro aórtico medido entre valvas aórticas abiertas mayor a 0.24 y área de regurgitación mitral, evaluada con doppler color, mayor al 70% del área del atrio izquierdo son parámetros que, en conjunto, se asocian a una gravedad severa. Otros aspectos de la valoración doppler pueden aportar una información complementaria que agrega valor a la estadificación del paciente. Las determinaciones planteadas en el presente trabajo, sin embargo, son suficientes, junto a los distintos parámetros ecocardiográficos de valoración en Modo B y M, para establecer un pronóstico desfavorable en cuanto a la progresión de la patología y al riesgo de presentar insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva.
46
Cai, Haipeng. "Parallel Rendering for Legible Illustrative Visualizations of Dense Geometries on Commodity CPUs." International Journal of Image and Graphics 16, no. 01 (January 2016): 1650002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467816500029.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a parallel visualization technique for illustrative rendering of dense three-dimensional (3D) geometry data sets. Our approach maps the depth information in each geometry onto various visual dimensions of graphical representations, including shape, color, brightness, transparency, and size, to achieve legible display in dense geometry environments where visual clutters often hinder perception and navigation in the visualizations. At the same time, we leverage legacy CPU computing power to overcome performance challenges as a result of the depth-dependent illustrations used for the visual legibility enhancement. This is realized by a novel parallel rendering algorithm we developed particularly for illustrative visualizations of depth-dependent stylized dense geometries at interactive frame rates. While the computation could be performed atop modern GPU devices, we target a parallel visualization framework that enables it to efficiently run on commodity CPUs, which are much more available than GPUs for ordinary users. We evaluated our framework with visualizations of depth-stylized geometries derived from 3D diffusion tensor MRI data, by comparing its efficiency with several other alternative parallelization platforms with respect to the same computations. Results show that our approach can efficiently render highly dense 3D geometry data sets and, thus, it offers not only an alternative and complementary, but also more adoptable, solution to users in contrast to parallel visualization environments that rely on GPUs.
47
Lethbridge, Robert. "Zola and the Science of Painting." Nottingham French Studies 60, no. 3 (December 2021): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2021.0326.
Full textAbstract:
The article explores a paradox in Zola's writing: the resistance to advances in scientific theory by the author of Du Progrès dans les sciences et dans la poésie (1864), as the first of many such assimilations of scientific progress and artistic trends. This is exemplified by the challenge posed to his Naturalist aesthetic by Michel-Eugène Chevreul's seminal De la loi du contraste simultané des couleurs (1839), popularised during the period of Zola's most sustained art criticism. This radical revision of the science of optics is increasingly accommodated in contemporary painting, from 1880 onwards, at the very moment of Zola's disenchantment with Impressionism. Although L'Œuvre, his novel of 1886, is set in the Second Empire (consistent with the historical limits of Les Rougon-Macquart), Zola inserts into his narrative the theory of complementary colours, the awkward anachronism notwithstanding, to explain his fictional painter's creative impotence. In relation to the latter, the article looks in detail at the genesis and textual details of a key passage in the novel in which Zola's irony at the expense of Chevreul's theories is almost explicit. At least as telling is his response to unsolicited advice about them: ‘J’ai plus de confiance dans l'observation directe que dans la théorie’. One could hardly conjure up a more succinct summary of Zola's unreconstructed approach to the science of painting which simultaneously testifies to his own principles of representation.
48
Ono, Megumi, and Tsukasa Iwashina. "Quantitative Flavonoid Variation Accompanied by Change of Flower Colors in Edgeworthia chrysantha, Pittosporum tobira and Wisteria floribunda." Natural Product Communications 10, no. 3 (March 2015): 1934578X1501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1501000309.
Full textAbstract:
The flavonoids in the flowers of Edgeworthia chrysantha, Pittosporum tobira and Wisteria floribunda were isolated and identified. Quercetin and kaempferol 3- O-glucosides and 3- O-rutinosides were found in E. chrysantha, and quercetin 3- O-rutinoside, 3- O-glucoside and 3- O-pentosylrhamnosylglucoside, kaempferol 3- O-robinobioside, 3- O-rutinoside, 3- O-glucoside and 3- O-pentosylrhamnosylglucoside, and isorhamnetin 3- O-rutinoside were isolated from P. tobira. Ten flavonoids, quercetin 3- O-sophoroside, 3- O-rutinoside, 3- O-glucoside, kaempferol 3- O-sophoroside and 3- O-glucoside, luteolin 5- O-glucoside, 7- O-glucoside and 7- O-hexoside, and apigenin 7- O-glucoside and 4′- O-hexoside were isolated from W. floribunda. The major pigments of E. chrysantha were carotenoids. Their content decreased with the change in flower color to white from yellow via cream, and total flavonoid content also slightly decreased by ca. 0.8 in cream and ca. 0.9 fold in white flowers. In contrast with E. chrysantha, white flowers of P. tobira turn to cream and then yellow in which the major pigments are also carotenoids. In this species, both carotenoid and flavonoid contents are gradually increased from white to yellow flowers. Though the petal color of Wisteria floribunda is mauve, due to anthocyanin pigments, the yellow areas are due to carotenoids; these turn to white in the late flowering stage. However, their flavonoid contents were essentially the same among the yellow, cream and white spots of flags. Thus, it was shown by HPLC analysis of the flower flavonoids of E. chrysantha, P. tobira and W. floribunda, although the visible pigments such as carotenoids and anthocyanins are quantitatively varied, the quantitative variation in UV-absorbing substances, such as flavones and flavonols, differs with plant species.
49
King, Joseph J., and Michael J. Havey. "Genetic Mapping in Onion: Insight to the Evolution of a Large Diploid Genome." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 596d—596. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.596d.
Full textAbstract:
The bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) is a diploid with an very large nuclear genome of 15300 Mbp/1C (107× arabidopsis, 16× tomato, 6× maize). We developed a low-density genetic map with morphological, RAPD, and RFLP markers to examine genome organization and to study QTL controlling phenotypically correlated bulb quality traits. A mapping population of 58 F3 families was derived from a cross of the inbreds Brigham Yellow Globe 15-23 (BYG) × Alisa Craig 43 (AC). These inbreds are distinct in solids, storability, pungency, and bulb shape. Analysis of 580 RAPD primers detected 53 (9%) polymorphisms between BYG and AC, but only 12 (2%) segregated at expected ratios among F3 families. Using probes from onion cDNA libraries and four restriction enzymes, 214 RFLPs were identified between mapping parents. A 112-point map includes 96 RFLPs, 13 RAPDs, a locus controlling complementary red bulb color, and two loci hybridizing with a clone of the enzyme alliinase (EC 4.4.1.4), which produces the flavors characteristic of Allium species. Duplicated loci were detected by ≈25% of RFLP probes and were unlinked, loosely linked (2 to 30 cM), or tightly linked (<2 cM). This frequency of duplication was comparable to species with polyploid ancestors (paleopolyploids) and was higher than that found in most true diploids. However, the distribution of duplicated loci suggests that, in contrast to whole genome duplications typical of paleopolyploids, the contemporary size and structure of the onion genome may be a product of intrachromosomal duplications (cryptopolyploidy) and subsequent structural rearrangements.
50
Schmahl, Wolfgang, Erika Griesshaber, Lurdes Fernandez-Diaz, Andreas Ziegler, Klemens Kelm, Bernd Maier, Fitriana Nindiyasari, and Guntram Jordan. "Hierarchical structure of CaCO3biominerals – mesocrystals and functionalization." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314097605.
Full textAbstract:
Skeletal parts and teeth of marine organisms, avian eggshells, trilobite and isopod eyes, and many more biomineralized tissues consist of bio-calcite or bio-aragonite crystals. We explore the nano- to micro-scale architectures of these materials by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and complementary techniques. In contrast to their inorganic cousins the biogenic "crystals" are hybrid composites with small amounts of organic matrix controlling morphogenesis and critically improving mechanical performance or other functions. For the biominerals meso-crystal-like structures are ubiquitous, consisting of co-oriented nano-blocks with a mosaic-spread of a few degrees, depending on the organism and on the size of the mesocrystal entity[1, 2, 3]. The nano-mosaic can be attributed to growth by nano-particle accretion from an amorphous or gel-like precursor, where relics of organic matrix cause misorientations between the crystallized nano-blocks. Recently we were able to reproduce this feature in gel-grown calcite [Nindiyasari et al., Crystal Growth and Design, in press]. The mesocrystal-co-orientation spreads on to the micro- and even millimeter-scale, frequently with a fractal nature of co-oriented hierarchical units [Maier et al., Acta Biomaterialia, accepted for publication]. The hierarchically structured morphology of the composite crystal or polycrystal is always directed by organic matrix membranes. Sea urchin teeth show a multiplex composite crystal architecture, where different subunits of engineered shapes, Mg-contents, and small misalignments are essential prerequisites for self-sharpening [1]. The figure shows an EBSD map of dendritic interdigitating calcite crystals in an avian egg shell (color coding for crystal orientation) with an misorientation profile along the grey line.