Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Colorless transmitter / Journal articles

Journal articles on the topic 'Colorless transmitter'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Colorless transmitter.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 June 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 31 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Colorless transmitter.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Totović, Angelina, Marco Santagiustina, Cristian Antonelli, Dejan Gvozdić, Paola Parolari, and Pierpaolo Boffi. "RSOA-based colorless multilevel transmitter with electrical signal predistortion." Optics Communications 456 (February 2020): 124654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2019.124654.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Zuo, Chengliang, and Xun Li. "Polarization-Discriminated RSOA–EAM for Colorless Transmitter in WDM–PON." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 18, 2020): 9049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10249049.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

The integrated reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) and electro-absorption modulator (EAM) is viewed as an appealing solution to the colorless transmitter on the optical network unit (ONU) side of wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) passive optical networks (PONs), for its broad modulation bandwidth and high optical gain. However, the conventional RSOA–EAM usually exhibits a poor upstream signal eye-diagram because it can hardly simultaneously saturate the downstream signal and boost the upstream signal as required. By exploiting the polarization-depended RSOA gain, we propose a polarization-discriminated RSOA–EAM to improve the quality of the upstream signal eye-diagram. In this device, the transverse electric polarized downstream signal is saturated by the high gain in the RSOA active region made of compressively strained multiple quantum wells, whereas the upstream signal is linearly amplified after polarization rotation. We find that, as the quality of the upstream signal eye-diagram improves with an increased polarization rotation angle, its power drops, which indicates that there exists an optimized rotation angle to reach a compromise between the upstream signal integrity and power. Simulation results show that the dynamic extinction ratio and output power of the upstream signal can reach 8.3 dB and 11 dBm, respectively, through the proposed device with its rotation angle set at an optimum value (80°), which exceeds the specification (6 dB and 4 dBm) of the upstream transmitter as required by the next-generation PON stage two. The quality of the upstream signal eye-diagram measured in Q-factor is improved by 10 dB compared to the conventional RSOA–EAM design without polarization rotation introduced.

3

Al-Qazwini, Zaineb, Madhan Thollabandi, and Hoon Kim. "Colorless Optical Transmitter for Upstream WDM PON Based on Wavelength Conversion." Journal of Lightwave Technology 31, no. 6 (March 2013): 896–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2013.2238216.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Zhu, Jiannan, Adrian Wonfor, Sharon H. Lee, Stephan Pachnicke, Mirko Lawin, Richard V. Penty, Jorg-Peter Elbers, Rosemary Cush, Michael J. Wale, and Ian H. White. "Athermal Colorless C-Band Optical Transmitter System for Passive Optical Networks." Journal of Lightwave Technology 32, no. 22 (November 15, 2014): 4253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2014.2354058.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Gebrewold, Simon A., Lucia Marazzi, Paola Parolari, Romain Brenot, Sean P. O. Duill, Romain Bonjour, David Hillerkuss, Christian Hafner, and Juerg Leuthold. "Reflective-SOA Fiber Cavity Laser as Directly Modulated WDM-PON Colorless Transmitter." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 20, no. 5 (September 2014): 503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2014.2307314.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Zhan, Wenhui, Peng Zhou, Yuxiao Zeng, Masaru Mukaikubo, Takuo Tanemura, and Yoshiaki Nakano. "Optimization of Modulation-Canceling Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier for Colorless WDM Transmitter Applications." Journal of Lightwave Technology 35, no. 2 (January 15, 2017): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2016.2633719.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Su, Yu-Chuan, Yu-Chieh Chi, Hsiang-Yu Chen, and Gong-Ru Lin. "Data Erasing and Rewriting Capabilities of a Colorless FPLD Based Carrier-Reusing Transmitter." IEEE Photonics Journal 7, no. 3 (June 2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2015.2412457.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Marazzi, Lucia, Paola Parolari, Marco Brunero, Alberto Gatto, Mario Martinelli, Romain Brenot, Sophie Barbet, Paola Galli, and Giancarlo Gavioli. "Up to 10.7-Gb/s High-PDG RSOA-Based Colorless Transmitter for WDM Networks." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 25, no. 7 (April 2013): 637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2013.2243138.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Zhou, Peng, Wenhui Zhan, Masaru Mukaikubo, Yoshiaki Nakano, and Takuo Tanemura. "Reflective semiconductor optical amplifier with segmented electrodes for high-speed self-seeded colorless transmitter." Optics Express 25, no. 23 (November 2, 2017): 28547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.028547.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Parolari, Paola, Lucia Marazzi, Marco Brunero, Mario Martinelli, Romain Brenot, Anaelle Maho, Sophie Barbet, et al. "10-Gb/s Operation of a Colorless Self-Seeded Transmitter Over More Than 70 km of SSMF." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 26, no. 6 (March 2014): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2014.2301192.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Lopera, Jhon A., Ana M. Cardenas, Jhon J. Granada Torres, and Juan D. Zapata. "Design of a colorless transmitter based on a low-resonant Fabry–Perot Laser for applications in WDM-PON." Optik 253 (March 2022): 168523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.168523.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Su, Chin-Feng, Likarn Wang, Shien-Kuei Liaw, and Yu-Sing Huang. "A colorless WDM-PON system using multi-wavelength light sources for optically-injection-locked transmitters." Optical Fiber Technology 16, no. 1 (January 2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2009.09.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Gebrewold, Simon, Romain Bonjour, Romain Brenot, David Hillerkuss, and Juerg Leuthold. "Bit- and Power-Loading—A Comparative Study on Maximizing the Capacity of RSOA Based Colorless DMT Transmitters." Applied Sciences 7, no. 10 (September 27, 2017): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app7100999.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Fei Xiong, Wen-De Zhong, Min Zhu, Hoon Kim, Zhiguang Xu, and Dekun Liu. "Characterization of Directly Modulated Self-Seeded Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers Utilized as Colorless Transmitters in WDM-PONs." Journal of Lightwave Technology 31, no. 11 (June 2013): 1727–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2013.2257684.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Wong, Elaine, Ka Lun Lee, and Trevor B. Anderson. "Directly Modulated Self-Seeding Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers as Colorless Transmitters in Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Networks." Journal of Lightwave Technology 25, no. 1 (January 2007): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2006.888936.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Zhou, Daibing, Yiming He, Dan Lu, Song Liang, Lingjuan Zhao, and Wei Wang. "25 Gb/s Data Transmission Using a Directly Modulated InGaAlAs DBR Laser over 14 nm Wavelength Tuning Range." Photonics 8, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8030084.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

With the deployment of the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G), 25 and 100 Gb/s directly modulated lasers and modules will become the mainstream optical transmitters. A directly modulated InGaAlAs/InP distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser is fabricated by butt-joint technology. A 25 Gb/s data transmission over a single-mode fiber of up to 10 km is demonstrated, and a wavelength tuning range of 14.28 nm is achieved through injection current tuning of a DBR section and temperature control of a thermoelectric cooler (TEC), which is the best candidate of colorless light sources for wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) systems.

17

Piper, Jörg. "Upgrading Standard Bright-Field Microscopes for Dark-Field and Phase Contrast." Microscopy Today 21, no. 1 (December 21, 2012): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929512000971.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Bright-field illumination is widely used as standard technique for examination of transparent specimens characterized by an appropriate optical density so that the transmitted light is partially absorbed when passing the specimens (for example, stained histological sections and blood smears). On the other hand, thin and colorless low-density specimens, such as unstained living cells that do not reduce the amplitude of the transmitted light, cannot be well perceived in bright field because of their ultra-low natural contrast. These so-called phase specimens can be examined when an apparatus for phase contrast is used. Phase contrast can be carried out with special objectives fitted with a phase ring situated within or near their back focal plane. Moreover, the condenser must be fitted with annular light masks (light annuli) that are projected onto the plane of the objective's phase ring so that both components, light annuli and phase rings, are optically congruent and conjugate.

18

Rahayu, Yanti, and T. Arniat Christiani. "Extraction and Stability Test of Betacyanin Pigment in Dragon Fruit Skin (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as an Alternative to 2% Eosin Dyes in Examination of Soil Transmitted Helminth Worm Eggs." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 12, no. 11 (November 10, 2023): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1211.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Worm eggs are revealed to be colorless upon direct inspection, making them challenging to observe under a microscope. An easy technique for studying worm eggs is to utilize Eosin 2%, which is typically used in medical research and diagnostics. Eosin has some drawbacks, including a high price tag and environmentally hazardous ingredients. Consider using the skin of dragon fruits as a source of dye. The red pigment betacyanin gives dragon fruit skin its color. The intention was to determine if intestinal nematode worm egg coloration could be substituted with dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus). The red dragon fruit skin was extracted with ethanol as a solvent and 2% eosin as a reference to create the dye for this experimental study. Using ethanol solvent to dye feces preparations from dragon fruit peel extract demonstrates the possibility of doing so. Extract from the peel of dragon fruit shows promise as a coloring agent. As a result, 2% eosin can be replaced with dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) when studying worm eggs.

19

Aktas, B., M. Albaskar, S. Yalcin, and K. Dogru. "Optical properties of soda-lime-silica glasses doped with peanut shell powder." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 82, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.7104.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Purpose: Aim of this paper is to investigate the optical properties of soda-lime-silica (SLS) glasses which doped with different quantities of peanut shell (PS) powder.Design/methodology/approach: UV-Vis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques are used to determine optical properties of glass.Findings: It was observed that the colorless and transparent pure SLS glass turned dark green in color with the addition of the PS powder. The glasses doped with PS powder contents 1 wt.% were translucent. The maximum absorption in the UV spectrum was observed at wavelengths of 306.20, 292.40, 280.20, and 303.20 nm for SLS glasses doped with PS powder contents of 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 wt.%, respectively. The UV-Vis spectroscopy results also indicated that the amount of light transmitted by the SLS glass decreased with increasing PS powder content. The FTIR absorption spectra of the PS powder-doped SLS glasses exhibited various bands corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric stretching of the bridging oxygen atoms between the tetrahedra.Research limitations/implications: With the addition of the PS to the SLS glass, samples turned to dark green because of Fe2O3. Future researches must focus on this matter.Originality/value: PS powders are doped to investigate optical properties of glass. Thus, glasses, which have good properties such as economically cheap, bio-friendly, are produced from food wastes.

20

Zui, M., and S. Diduk. "SILICA GEL MODIFIED WITH 1,2-NAPHTHOQUINONE THIOSEMICARBAZONE FOR SORPTION-PHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MERCURY (II)." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Chemistry, no. 2(54) (2017): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2209.2017.2(54).9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

A sorption-photometric test method for preconcentration and determination of mercury (II) was developed using silica gel modified with 1,2-naphthoquinone thiosemicarbazone. Modification of silica gel with a reagent was carried out from the chloroform-hexane solution for 3 hours. Pocket photometer was used for the measurement of reflected (transmitted) light from silica modified after sorption of thiosemicarbazonate of Hg(II). The adsorption capacity of the sorbent has been found to be 35 μmol g-1 for 1,2-naphthoquinone thiosemicarbazone. The effects of pH, sorption time, the volume of aqueous solution were studied. In the optimal conditions (pH 3.0; 5 min; 25°C) the extraction recovery of mercury is 90–95%. The range of concentrations of mercury (ІІ) is 50–600 µg L–1, the detection limit (S/N = 3) is 23 µg L–1. The method is tested in the model tap and natural water samples, relative standard deviation for 50 μg L−1 of Hg(II) is below 9.0 % (n = 3). The interference effect of the most common heavy metals in natural water, as Fe (III), Zn (II) and Mn (II) ions were studied. The EDTA solution was added for the binding of these metals, which forms strong colorless complexes with EDTA. We have shown that in the presence of 0,01 M EDTA solution Fe (III), Zn (II) and Mn (II) ions, each up to 500 μg L−1, do not interfere with the determination of mercury (II) at its content of 50 μg L−1. The method can be used for the determination of mercury in the sewage of various industries and natural waters with its high content. The proposed method is inexpensive, simple, fast, and environmentally friendly for the determination of the micro quantities of mercury (II) in the water samples.

21

Yang, Hexiong, Xiangping Gu, Francis X. Sousa, Ronald B. Gibbs, James A. McGlasson, and Robert T. Downs. "Raydemarkite, the Natural Analogue of Synthetic α-MoO3·H2O, from Cookes Peak, Luna County, New Mexico, USA." Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/2200049.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Abstract A new mineral species, raydemarkite, ideally MoO3·H2O, was discovered in an unnamed short adit on the Summit group of claims near Cookes Peak, Luna County, New Mexico, USA. It occurs as sprays of acicular or prismatic crystals on a matrix consisting mainly of quartz and pyrite. Individual crystals of raydemarkite are up to 1.00 × 0.10 × 0.06 mm. Associated minerals include sidwillite, ilsemannite, jordisite, powellite, anhydrite, gypsum, bouškaite, pyrite, and quartz. Raydemarkite is colorless in transmitted light and transparent with white streak and vitreous luster. It is flexible and has a Mohs hardness of ∼1½; cleavage is perfect on {100} and {001}. Twinning is common on (010). The measured and calculated densities are 3.44(5) and 3.41 g/cm3, respectively. Raydemarkite is insoluble in water or hydrochloric acid. An electron microprobe analysis yielded an empirical formula, based on 4 O apfu, of MoO3·H2O. Raydemarkite is the natural analogue of the α-form of MoO3·H2O, which was first synthesized over a century ago (Rosenheim & Davidsohn 1903). Its crystal structure was solved using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. It is triclinic, crystallizing in space group and the unit-cell parameters a = 7.3750(2), b = 3.70920(10), c = 6.6833(2) Å, α = 108.1080(10), β = 112.779(2), γ = 91.7420(10)°, V = 157.828(8) Å3, and Z = 2. The crystal structure of raydemarkite is built up from isolated double chains of highly distorted, edge-sharing MoO5(H2O) octahedra parallel to [010] that are linked together through hydrogen bonds, accounting for its acicular/prismatic morphology and the marked flexibility. Synthetic hemihydrate MoO3·1/2H2O (monoclinic, space group P21/m) can be regarded as a combination of molybdite and raydemarkite both structurally and chemically.

22

Kettanah, Yawooz A. "Hydrocarbon fluid inclusions in the Argo salt, offshore Canadian Atlantic margin." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 50, no. 6 (June 2013): 607–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2012-0040.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Fluid inclusions hosted in rock salt from the Triassic Argo Formation in the Canadian Atlantic continental margin were studied to investigate the nature and origin of petroleum fluids in them. Inclusions were studied in two wells: Glooscap-C63 and Weymouth-A45. The pillow-shaped salt body intersected by the Glooscap-C63 well is autochthonous, and the salt is transparent and colorless compared with that in the allochthonous, canopy–diaper-shaped body cut by the Weymouth-A45 well which is translucent and buff-colored. Aqueous (AFI), petroleum (PFI), and heterogeneously trapped, mixed petroleum – aqueous (MFI) fluid inclusions were identified using transmitted and fluorescent microscopy, and representative samples were analyzed microthermometrically. Petroleum-bearing fluid inclusions (PFI and MFI) are more common and contain more concentrated petroleum phases in the allochthonous salts of Weymouth-A45 well. Based on microthermometric studies, the AFI and MFI in Glooscap-C63 salt mostly belong to NaCl–H2O and NaCl–H2O–petroleum systems, respectively; in contrast, those of Weymouth-A45 belong to NaCl–MgCl2–H2O and (or) NaCl–CaCl2–H2O and NaCl–MgCl2–H2O–petroleum and (or) NaCl–CaCl2–H2O–petroleum systems, respectively. Each of the AFI, PFI, and MFI types consists of different phases. The medians of Tf (freezing temperature), Tim (initial melting temperature), Te (Eutectic temperature), Tm (final melting (peritectic) temperature), and Th (homogenization temperature) in the AFI and MFI in the salts of Glooscap-C63 well are (−82, −75 °C), (−39, −38 °C), (−25, −24 °C), (−1.8, −3 °C), and (291, 287 °C), respectively. The corresponding medians for the Weymouth-A45 well are (−71, −78 °C), (−52, −52 °C), (−37, −38 °C), (−2.7, −3 °C), and (122, 20 °C), respectively. The median Th of PFI in Glooscap-C63 and Weymouth-A45 salts are 79 and 23 °C, respectively. The most probable source rocks for the petroleum are the shales of the Late Triassic – Early Jurassic Eurydice Formation which is widely distributed at depth underlying the Argo salt.

23

Yang, Hexiong, Xiangping Gu, Ronald B. Gibbs, and Robert T. Downs. "Murphyite, Pb(TeO)4, the Te-Analogue of Raspite, a New Mineral from Tombstone, Arizona, USA." Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology 61, no. 2 (March 1, 2023): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/2200064.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Abstract A new mineral species, murphyite (IMA 2021-107), ideally Pb(TeO4), has been found from the Grand Central mine, Tombstone, Arizona, USA. It occurs as bladed or prismatic crystals on top of a quartz matrix. Associated minerals include chlorargyrite, emmonsite, ottoite, stolzite, scheelite, schieffelinite, quartz, and jarosite. Individual crystals of murphyite are up to 0.20 × 0.05 × 0.05 mm in size. Twinning is common on {100}. Murphyite is colorless to very pale yellow in transmitted light, transparent with white streak and adamantine luster. It is brittle and has a Mohs hardness of ∼3½, with perfect cleavage on {100}. The calculated density is 7.579 g/cm3. Murphyite is insoluble in water or hydrochloric acid. An electron microprobe analysis yielded the empirical formula (based on 4 O apfu): (Pb0.96Fe0.03Mn0.02)Σ1.01[(Te0.61W0.38)Σ0.99O4], which can be simplified to Pb[(Te,W)O4]. Murphyite is the Te-analogue of raspite, Pb(WO4), and represents the first mineral with Te6+ substituting for W6+ over 50%. It is monoclinic with space group P21/a and unit-cell parameters a = 13.6089(3), b = 5.01750(10), c = 5.5767(2) Å, β = 107.9280(10)°, V = 362.302(17) Å3, and Z = 4. Its crystal structure consists of distorted MO6 (M = Te + W) octahedra sharing edges to form zigzag chains running parallel to [010]. These chains are linked together by PbO7 polyhedra. Compared to raspite, the substitution of W6+ by Te6+, which has a smaller ionic radius, results in a noticeable structural change: a significant decrease in MO6 octahedral angle distortion, with a concomitant increase in both MO6 octahedral volume and average Pb–O bond length. The unit-cell volume increases from 358.72(4) Å3 for raspite to 362.302(17) Å3 for murphyite. Raman spectroscopic data show that the major peak ascribable to M–O symmetrical stretching vibrations within the MO6 octahedron is centered at 870 cm−1 for raspite but at 881 cm−1 for murphyite.

24

Yang, Hexiong, Ronald B. Gibbs, James A. McGlasson, Robert A. Jenkins, and Robert T. Downs. "Dondoellite, Ca2Fe(PO4)2·2H2O, a New Mineral Species Polymorphic with Messelite, from Rapid Creek, Yukon, Canada." Canadian Mineralogist 60, no. 5 (September 1, 2022): 837–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2200013.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

ABSTRACT A new mineral species, dondoellite, ideally Ca2Fe(PO4)2·2H2O, was found in the Grizzly Bear Creek, Dawson mining district, Yukon, Canada. It is polymorphic with messelite, a member of the fairfieldite group. Dondoellite occurs as spherical aggregates (diameters up to 2 cm) of radiating bladed crystals. Associated minerals include hydroxylapatite, siderite, and quartz. No twinning or parting is observed. The mineral is colorless to pale yellow in transmitted light, is transparent with white streak, and has vitreous luster. It is brittle and has a Mohs hardness of 3½–4, with perfect cleavage on {001}. The measured and calculated densities are 3.14(5) and 3.15 g/cm3, respectively. Optically, dondoellite is biaxial (+), with α = 1.649(5), β = 1.654(5), γ = 1.672(5) (white light), 2V (meas.) = 55(2)°, 2V (calc.) = 58°. An electron probe microanalysis yields an empirical formula (based on 10 O apfu) Ca1.99(Fe0.89Mg0.13Mn0.01)Σ1.03(P1.00O4)2·2H2O, which can be simplified to Ca2(Fe2+,Mg,Mn2+)(PO4)2·2H2O. Dondoellite is triclinic, space group P, a = 5.4830(2), b = 5.7431(2), c = 13.0107(5) Å, α = 98.772(2), β = 96.209(2), γ = 108.452(2)°, V = 378.71(2) Å3, and Z = 2. The crystal structure of dondoellite is characterized by isolated FeO4(H2O)2 octahedra that are linked by corner-sharing with PO4 tetrahedra to form so-called kröhnkite-type [Fe(PO4)2(H2O)2]2– chains along [100], similar to that observed in messelite. These chains are connected to one another by large Ca2+ cations and H bonds to form layers parallel to (001). The layers are further linked together by Ca–O and H bonds. However, unlike messelite, the crystal structure of dondoellite contains two symmetrically independent PO4 tetrahedra (P1O4 and P2O4) and two distinct CaO7(H2O) polyhedra (Ca1 and Ca2). The kröhnkite-type chains in dondoellite are constructed with P1O4 tetrahedra on one side and P2O4 tetrahedra on the other. Topologically, the dondoellite structure can be considered a combination of the collinsite and messelite structures alternating along [001], thus representing a new structure type for minerals with kröhnkite-type chains. The discovery of dondoellite raises the question as to whether polymorphs of fairfieldite, Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2·2H2O, or collinsite, Ca2Mg(PO4)2·2H2O, might also be found in nature.

25

De Paula, Jean Henrique Nunes, Juliana Macedo Magnino Silva, Liria Queiroz Luz Hirano, Isabela Vieira Carneiro, Nathana Beatriz Martins, and Rafael Rocha De Souza. "Parasitism by Syngamus trachea in Blue-and-Yellow Macaw (Ara ararauna)." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (October 4, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.87494.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Background: Ara ararauna is widely distributed in South America and frequently affected by anthropogenic activities and environmental pressures such as illegal bird trafficking, and habitat loss. Also some endoparasites can threaten their health, and cause their death, or prevent the reintroduction of the animal to its natural environment. The objective of the present work was to report the occurrence of parasitism by Syngamus trachea in an Ara ararauna.Case: An adult, 900-gram female Ara ararauna from a project for the rehabilitation of the Brazilian fauna was kept in a collective nursery together with 12 specimens of the same species. Their diet was composed of typical fruits of the region, which were offered twice a day, and water ad libitum. The macaws had no previous history of anthelmintic treatment. The specimen evaluated presented progressive weight loss, constant sneezing, and reduced appetite for seven days. During physical examination the animal presented apathy, lethargy, spiked feathers, body condition score of 1/4, frequent sneezing, and inspiratory dyspnea. After this examination, the bird died, and the necropsy was performed. The postmortem findings were pale periocular, oral, and cloacal mucosae, cachexia, and presence of parasites of round shape, reddish color, with length of approximately 0.5 cm, in the proximal portion of the trachea. Another parasite with the same characteristics, but smaller in size, showing Y shape was found in the body. The trachea also showed colorless mucus and petechial hemorrhages in the proximal and middle portions of the mucosa. These parasites were subjected to morphological analysis in the Laboratory of Microscopy of the University Center of Triângulo and were identified as Syngamus trachea.Discussion: The diagnosis was based on morphological analysis of the parasite. This parasite can be transmitted through infected worms, which are paratenic hosts of S. trachea. Chickens may also be parasitized by S. trachea; consequently, they may have contributed to the dispersion of eggs of S. trachea in the environment, since they had free access to the entire rural property. There is a positive correlation between parasitism by S. trachea and body condition loss in other bird species that may be connected to the lowering of its feed conversion and food consumption. The mechanical irritation caused by parasites in the tracheal lumen was probably the cause of the clinical manifestations involving the respiratory tract, which were characterized by dyspnea and sneezing. Moreover, petechial hemorrhages, increased mucus production within the trachea, and paleness of the visible mucosa are alterations probably caused by traumatic action and the hematophagous habit of the nematode in the trachea of the bird. Climatic and soil conditions can favor the maintenance of S. trachea eggs and larvae and the permanence of the verminosis in the environment. Therefore, a strict sanitary control of the animals in conservation projects is necessary, with a routine of coproparasitological examinations. Although the actual epidemiological status of endoparasites in free-living Ara ararauna is unknown, deworming protocols for birds intended for release in natural environments are different from those used in specimens under observation. Birds that will return to free life receive antiparasites only in cases of clinical symptomatology associated with positive tests of verminoses to maintain the natural resistance of the birds to the parasites found in their natural environment. The results of this report, showing the occurrence of infection of Ara ararauna by Syngamus trachea denotes the importance of periodic coproparasitological exams.

26

Yeh, C. H., C. W. Chow, J. Y. Sung, and Y. F. Wu. "Use of RSOA-transmitter for OFDM colorless WDM-PON communication." Optical and Quantum Electronics 48, no. 4 (March 26, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0538-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Yoshida, Kenta, Akira Miyake, Shota H. Okumura, Hidemi Ishibashi, Satoshi Okumura, Atsushi Okamoto, Yasuhiro Niwa, et al. "Oxidation-induced nanolite crystallization triggered the 2021 eruption of Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba, Japan." Scientific Reports 13, no. 1 (May 9, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34301-w.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

AbstractNanometer-sized crystals (nanolites) play an important role in controlling eruptions by affecting the viscosity of magmas and inducing bubble nucleation. We present detailed microscopic and nanoscopic petrographic analyses of nanolite-bearing and nanolite-free pumice from the 2021 eruption of Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba, Japan. The nanolite mineral assemblage includes biotite, which is absent from the phenocryst mineral assemblage, and magnetite and clinopyroxene, which are observed as phenocrysts. The boundary between the nanolite-bearing brown glass and nanolite-free colorless glass is either sharp or gradational, and the sharp boundaries also appear sharp under the transmitted electron microscope. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis of the volcanic glass revealed that the nanolite-free colorless glass records an oxygen fugacity of QFM + 0.98 (log units), whereas the nanolite-bearing brown glass records a higher apparent oxygen fugacity (~ QFM + 2). Thermodynamic modelling using MELTS indicates that higher oxygen fugacities increase the liquidus temperature and thus induced the crystallization of magnetite nanolites. The hydrous nanolite mineral assemblage and glass oxygen fugacity estimates suggest that an oxidizing fluid supplied by a hot mafic magma induced nanolite crystallization in the magma reservoir, before the magma fragmentation. The oxidation-induced nanolite crystallization then enhanced heterogeneous bubble nucleation, resulting in convection in the magma reservoir and triggering the eruption.

28

Yang, Hexiong, Xiangping Gu, Michael M. Scott, Robert A. Jenkins, Ronald B. Gibbs, James A. Mcglasson, and Robert T. Downs. "Petermegawite, Al6(Se4+O3)3[SiO3(OH)](OH)9⋅10H2O, a New AI-Bearing Selenite Mineral, from the El Dragón Mine, Potosí, Bolivia." Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, August 17, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/2300004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Abstract A new mineral species, petermegawite, ideally Al6(Se4+O3)3[SiO3(OH)](OH)9⋅10H2O, was discovered at the El Dragón mine, Potosí Department, Bolivia. It occurs as aggregates of bladed or tabular crystals. Associated minerals are Co-bearing krut′aite–penroseite (matrix), chalcomenite, ‘clinochalcomenite’ (not IMA approved), molybdomenite, lepidocrocite, goethite, ahlfeldite, and calcite. Petermegawite is colorless in transmitted light and transparent with a white streak and vitreous luster. It is brittle and has a Mohs hardness of 2–2½. Cleavage is perfect on {001}. The measured and calculated densities are 2.27(5) and 2.32 g/cm3, respectively. Optically, petermegawite is biaxial (+), with α = 1.545(5), β = 1.554(5), γ = 1.567(5) (white light). An electron microprobe analysis yielded an empirical formula (based on 10 non-H cations pfu) of Al6.00[(Se0.89S0.11)Σ1.00O3]3[(Si0.90Al0.07)Σ0.97O2.81(OH)1.19](OH)9⋅10H2O, which can be simplified to Al6[(Se,S)O3]3[(Si,Al)O3(OH)](OH)9⋅10H2O. Petermegawite is orthorhombic, space group Cmc21 with unit-cell parameters a = 16.2392(2), b = 10.96370(10), c = 15.3367(2) Å, V = 2730.57(5) Å3, and Z = 4. Its crystal structure is characterized by clusters of six-membered rings of edge-sharing AlO6 octahedra with an SiO3(OH) tetrahedron situated at the center of each ring and three Se4+O3 triangular pyramids appended outside the ring. These clusters are joined together by hydrogen bonds to form heteropolyhedral layers parallel to (001). The H2O molecules that are not bonded to any non-H cations are sandwiched between the layers. The cluster formed by a six-membered AlO6 octahedral ring with an SiO3OH tetrahedron at the center of the ring in petermegawite has the composition [Al6(SiO3OH)O6(OH)9(H2O)6]6−. It is topologically identical to the clusters of composition [Al6(AsO4)O7(OH)9(H2O)5]8− that are found in bettertonite and penberthycroftite. As a new polyoxometalate building block, this type of cluster may be expressed with a general chemical formula [TM6X25], where T = tetrahedrally coordinated cation, M = octahedrally coordinated cation, and X = O, OH, H2O.

29

YANG, Hexiong, Xiangping GU, Warren LAZAR, Ronald B. GIBBS, and Robert T. DOWNS. "Stanevansite, Mg(C2H3O3)2·2H2O, a New Hydrous Glycolate Mineral, From The Santa Catalina Mountains, Tucson, Arizona, USA." Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, November 27, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/2300047.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Abstract A new organic mineral species, stanevansite, ideally Mg(C2H3O3)2·2H2O, was discovered from the western end of Pusch Ridge in the Santa Catalina Mountains (32° 21′ 42″ N, 110° 57′ 30″ W, at the elevation of 975 m), north of Tucson, Arizona, USA. It occurs as sprays of bladed crystals (up to 0.40 × 0.07 × 0.03 mm). Associated minerals include lazaraskeite, chrysocolla, malachite, wulfenite, mimetite, phosphohedyphane, cerussite, hematite, calcite, microcline, phlogopite, and quartz. Stanevansite crystals are colorless in transmitted light, transparent with white streak and vitreous luster. They are brittle and have a Mohs hardness of ∼1½; cleavage is perfect on {100}. Twinning is common on (100). The measured and calculated densities are 1.69(5) and 1.682 g/cm3, respectively. Optically, stanevansite is biaxial (+), with α = 1.539(5), β = 1.545(5), γ = 1.558(5), 2Vmeas. = 62(2)°, 2Vcal. = 69°. It is insoluble in water, but slowly dissolves in hydrochloric acid. An electron-microprobe analysis yielded an empirical formula, based on 8 O apfu and Σ(Mg + Zn) = 1 apfu, of (Mg0.95Zn0.05)Σ1.00(C2H3O3)2·2H2O, which can be simplified as (Mg,Zn)(C2H3O3)2·2H2O. Stanevansite is monoclinic with space group P21/c and unit-cell parameters a = 11.4927(2), b = 5.85470(10), c = 12.4711(2) Å, β = 91.1610(10)°, V = 838.96(2) Å3, and Z = 4. It is isostructural with several synthetic glycolate compounds having the general chemical formula M2+(C2H3O3)2·2H2O, where M2+ = Co2+, Mn, Zn, and Mg. The crystal structure of stanevansite is characterized by the mononuclear complex [Mg(C2H3O3)2(H2O)2], with such complexes being connected to one another by hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture. In a [Mg(C2H3O3)2(H2O)2] complex, Mg is octahedrally coordinated by two chelating glycolate ligands and two H2O molecules. Stanevansite represents the first hydrous glycolate mineral and is believed to have formed through the interaction of fluids containing glycolic acid (C2H4O3) derived from decaying plant materials or bacterial activities with Mg produced by the alteration of primary and secondary minerals. Its discovery, together with other glycolate minerals documented recently, namely lazaraskeite Cu(C2H3O3)2, jimkrieghite Ca(C2H3O3)2, and lianbinite (NH4)(C2H3O3)(C2H4O3), not only implies that more glycolate minerals may be found in nature, but also suggests that glycolate minerals may serve as a potential reservoir for biologically fixed carbon.

30

Wei, Chengjian, Wenhui Zhang, Jinchang Liang, Lizheng Cui, Zhenzhen Cui, Wenjing Wang, De-Jie Cheng, and Xiaoqiang Wang. "First Report of Leaf Spot on Cucumis melo L. Caused by Arcopilus aureus in China." Plant Disease, January 3, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-23-2343-pdn.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

Cucumis melo L. is an important fruit with widespread consumption and commercial value. However, an undescribed disease affecting Hami melon (Cucumis melo L. var. Luhoutian) plants has consistently emerged in the Qihe region of Dezhou, Shandong Province of China since 2021. The disease can occur in both seedling and mature stages of Hami melon plants, and in severely diseased areas, the incidence rate was seen as 40 to 80%. During the seedling stage, the initial symptom is the appearance of water-soaked spots on the leaves. As the disease progresses, the leaves develop necrotic spots, and severely affected plants may exhibit stem rot and decay. In the mature stage, the disease primarily affects the leaves, causing necrotic spots and chlorosis. Under conditions of high humidity, black mold can be observed in the affected areas. Small pieces of symptomatic leaves from six different infected plants were collected and surface-sterilized with 5% NaClO for 3 min and 75% alcohol for 30 s for pathogen isolation (Wang et al., 2020). After rinsing with sterile water and blotted on sterile filter paper, the tissues were established on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media and incubated at 28℃ for 3–4 days. Pure isolates showed up at PDA were obtained through single-spore isolation. Colonies of all 16 isolates obtained by single-spore isolation had similar morphological characteristics on the PDA medium, the mycelium of the isolate appears dense and yellowish-brown on the PDA medium, and also secretes a brownish-red pigment on PDA. Under the opticalmicroscope, the perithecia from PDA media are subglobose spherical in shape, 80–100 μm in diameter, brownish by reflected light, wholly and densely hairy. Terminal hairs are very dense, greyish by reflected light, olive brown to reddish brown by transmitted light, thick-walled, arcuate, circinate, or spirally coiled at the apex. The ascospores within the perithecia are elliptical or droplet-shaped, initially colorless hyaline but later becoming subhyaline slightly gray, with dimensions of 7–9 μm × 4–5 μm. The morphological characteristics of the isolates were consistent with the description of Arcopilus aureus (Wang et.al. 2016). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and β-tubulin genes of three randomly selected isolates were PCR amplified and sequenced using primers ITS4/ITS5 and Bt2a/Bt2b. The sequences of ITS and β-tubulin genes were submitted to NCBI with GenBank Accession No. OR539527 and OR640972, respectively. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic analysis, we concluded that the isolates belonged to A. aureus. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by placing agar plugs-containing fungal mycelia and agar blocks (control) on leaves of Hami melon seedlings (n=12) grown at 28°C with 60% humidity in a greenhouse, the assay was repeated three times. Symptoms appeared on the pathogen-inoculated leaves seven days after inoculation, whereas the control treatment remained symptomless. The pathogens were reisolated from diseased leaves and identified as A. aureus based on morphological, and molecular phylogenetic analysis, while Koch’sostulate was used to confirm its life mode. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot caused by A. aureus on Cucumis melo L. in China.

31

S, Ghasemi, and Dashti M. "Using Mouthwashes by a Healthcare Practitioner in Order to Decrease the Chance of Transmission of COVID-19." Journal of Dentistry & Oral Disorders 7, no. 3 (June 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26420/jdentoraldisord.2021.1165.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abstract:

The use of mouthwashes has shown that they can reduce the viral load of Covid-19, with the most promising mouthwashes containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC), Povidone Iodine (PVP-I) and Chlorhexidine Gluconate (CHX) [1]. Since Sars-Cov-2 is transmitted by airborne droplets and the respiratory tract is the main route of infection, having a way to clear this pathway can ensure that the practitioner does not contract Covid-19 in their patients. Discussion Chlorhexidine (CHX) CHX is a wider-spectrum antiseptic that has an action on Gramnegative and Gram-positive facultative anaerobes, fungi, bacteria, and aerobes by increasing the bacterial cell wall permeability, then causing its cell lysis [2,3]. It is mainly used in dentistry procedure to treat periodontal disease and reduce dental plaque [4]. Evidence shows that an in-vitro consequence against lipidenveloped viruses likes herpesvirus 1, influenza A, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B and parainfluenza virus [5]. Even though COVID-19 is virus with an envelope, 0.12% CHX gluconate was recommended to have no or little effect against coronaviruses when associated with other type of mouthwashes [6-8]. On the other hand, Yoon et al. [9] shown that SARS-CoV-2 suppression for two hours after consuming 15ml 0.12% CHX once, suggesting that its application would be helpful for the transmission of control of COVID-19. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) Since the turn of the century, H2O2 has been used in dentistry in salt combination or alone since the turn of the century [10]. Like a mouthwash, it is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid [11]. No adverse effects on soft tissue have been shown in many studies using 1-1.5 % H2O2 as a daily rinse over two years of follow-up [12,13]. An the study of in vitro study that 3% H2O2 entirely inactivates type 4 adeno-associated viruses, influenza A and B, 1B and 7 rhinoviruses, type 6 and 3 adenoviruses, type 1A, mixoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus with a long-term strain, and the Coronavirus strain 229E within 1-30 minutes, the study shows that influenza virus and coronaviruses were the most subtle [14]. Because SARS-CoV2 is susceptible to oxidation, pre-procedure mouth rinses containing oxidizing agents like the 1% H2O2 h should have reduced viral load in saliva [6,15]. Iodopovidone Povidone Iodine (PVP-I) is a iodine water-soluble mixture that is widely used as a preoperative mouthwash and skin antiseptic [16]. It is commonly used at a concentration of 1% [17] to treat mucositis, prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia and prevent oropharyngeal infections. Its antimicrobial effect is manifested after free iodine dissociates from polyvinylpyrrolidone, then iodine quickly penetrates microbes, destroying proteins and oxidizing nucleic acid structures, causing the death of microbes [18,19]. Prior studies have shown that PVP-I is more virucidal than other commonly used antiseptics, including benzalkonium chloride and CHX [20]. It is nontoxic, reporting a incidence of 0.4% of allergy cases [21], does not cause or taste disturbance and tongue or tooth discoloration [22] and, nothing like alcohol-based products, can be used along with electrocautery [23]. Its efficiency has been well revealed in many studies of in vitro against several viruses, including and influenza A (H1N1) virus SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV [16,20,24]. Recent studies have shown that 0.23% PVP-I mouthwash perfore procedure for at least 15 seconds before can reduce viral load in saliva [24], representing its procedure in COVID patients -19 [6,18,25,26]. Effectiveness of mouthwash on viral load The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has long suggested taking advantage over mouthwash in reducing airborne pathogens of all kinds prior to clinical procedures [27]. During this global pandemic, given the encounters associated with dispatching dental procedure, attention has been drawn to the potential use of mouthwashes to reduce and prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Conclusion Mouthwashes are an effective way to reduce the transmission of viruses that infect the respiratory tract. As oral cavities are a major source of entry and transmission for human coronaviruses, so mouthwashes are the preventive measure to reduce the risk of COVID-19. Mouthwashes, especially PVP-I, are a potential antiviral that can significantly minimize viral load in saliva and then aerosols, thereby reduce the spread of COVID-19 infection. However, there is paucity of literature and, as a result, a lack of knowledge among dental practitioners about the value of using mouthwashes. Consequently, there is a great need for more clinical trials in order to take a step forward in clinical practice.