To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Colorectal cancer, tomato, tomato extract.
Journal articles on the topic 'Colorectal cancer, tomato, tomato extract'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 33 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Colorectal cancer, tomato, tomato extract.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
CENARIU, Diana, Eva FISCHER-FODOR, Piroska VIRAG, Corina TATOMIR, Mihai CENARIU, Emoke PALL, Adela PINTEA, Andrei MOCAN, Ioan SIMON, and Gianina CRISAN. "In vitro Antitumour Activity of Tomato-Extracted Carotenoids on Human Colorectal Carcinoma." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 43, no. 2 (December 10, 2015): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha4329982.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research was to establish whether all-trans lycopene extracted from fresh and frozen tomatoes is able to inhibit the in vitro proliferation of colon cancer cells, to trigger apoptosis by reactive oxygen species modulation and to reveal its influence on NF-kβ signalling, through the p65 transcription factor and expression of two TNF receptors: GITR and CD27. The carotenoid extracts containing all-trans lycopene were obtained from fresh (E1) and frozen/thawed (E2) tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), hybrid ‘Menhir’ F1. DLD-1 and HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines were co-cultivated with the two extracts and cytotoxicity, apoptosis, antioxidant activity, reactive oxygen species as well as modulation of NF-kβ signalling pathway were assessed. Tomato extracts E1 and E2 were able to inhibit colon cancer cell growth in vitro. E2 contained a higher proportion of all-trans lycopene and displayed superior cytotoxicity and a better apoptosis inducing capacity. The two extracts proved antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals and were able to scavenge the reactive oxygen species in the treated tumour cells. This study also showed that lycopene acts mainly through p65 protein and moderately by TNF receptors GITR and CD27 to deactivate the NF-kβ signalling pathway involved in cancer cell proliferation.
2
Di Lecce, Roberta, Natacha Mérindol, Mayra Galarza Pérez, Vahid Karimzadegan, Lionel Berthoux, Angela Boari, Christian Zidorn, et al. "Biochemical Analyses of Bioactive Extracts from Plants Native to Lampedusa, Sicily Minor Island." Plants 11, no. 24 (December 9, 2022): 3447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11243447.
Full textAbstract:
Major threats to the human lifespan include cancer, infectious diseases, diabetes, mental degenerative conditions and also reduced agricultural productivity due to climate changes, together with new and more devastating plant diseases. From all of this, the need arises to find new biopesticides and new medicines. Plants and microorganisms are the most important sources for isolating new metabolites. Lampedusa Island host a rich contingent of endemic species and subspecies. Seven plant species spontaneously growing in Lampedusa, i.e., Atriplex halimus L. (Ap), Daucus lopadusanus Tineo (Dl), Echinops spinosus Fiori (Es) Glaucium flavum Crantz (Gf) Hypericum aegypticum L: (Ha), Periploca angustifolia Labill (Pa), and Prasium majus L. (Pm) were collected, assessed for their metabolite content, and evaluated for potential applications in agriculture and medicine. The HPLC-MS analysis of n-hexane (HE) and CH2Cl2 (MC) extracts and the residual aqueous phases (WR) showed the presence of several metabolites in both organic extracts. Crude HE and MC extracts from Dl and He significantly inhibited butyrylcholinesterase, as did WR from the extraction of Dl and Pa. HE and MC extracts showed a significant toxicity towards hepatocarcinoma Huh7, while Dl, Ha and Er HE extracts were the most potently cytotoxic to ileocecal colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT-8 cell lines. Most extracts showed antiviral activity. At the lowest concentration tested (1.56 μg/mL), Dl, Gf and Ap MC extracts inhibited betacoronavirus HCoV-OC43 infection by> 2 fold, while the n-hexane extract of Pm was the most potent. In addition, at 1.56 μg/mL, potent inhibition (>10 fold) of dengue virus was detected for Dl, Er, and Pm HE extracts, while Pa and Ap MC extracts dampened infections to undetectable levels. Regarding to phytotoxicity, MC extracts from Er, Ap and Pm were more effective in inhibiting tomato rootlet elongation; the same first two extracts also inhibited seed cress germination while its radicle elongation, due to high sensitivity, was affected by all the extracts. Es and Gf MC extracts also inhibited seed germination of Phelipanche ramosa. Thus, we have uncovered that many of these Lampedusa plants displayed promising biopesticide, antiviral, and biological properties.
3
Soares, Nathalia da Costa Pereira, Monique de Barros Elias, Clara Lima Machado, Bruno Boquimpani Trindade, Radovan Borojevic, and Anderson Junger Teodoro. "Comparative Analysis of Lycopene Content from Different Tomato-Based Food Products on the Cellular Activity of Prostate Cancer Cell Lines." Foods 8, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8060201.
Full textAbstract:
Lycopene is more bioavailable in processed tomato products than in raw tomatoes, since arrangement of cis-isomers of lycopene during food processing and storage may increase its biological activity. The aim of the study is evaluate the influence of lycopene content from different tomato-based food products (extract, paste, ketchup and sauce) on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and rate of apoptosis of human prostate cancer cell lines. DU-145 and PC-3 cell lines were treated with lycopene content from different tomato-based food products (500–5000 μg/mL) for 96 h. The data showed a decrease in cell viability in both DU-145 and PC-3 cells after treatment with all lycopene extracts from tomato-based food products. Analysis of cell cycle revealed a decrease in the percentage of prostate cancer cells in G0/G1 and G2/M phases after 96 h of treatment when using lycopene content from tomato paste and tomato extract. However, lycopene extracted from tomato sauce and ketchup promoted a decrease in the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase and an increase in S and G2/M phases after 96 h of treatment. Lycopene content from all of those tomato-based food products also increased apoptosis in both prostate cancer cell lines. In this regard, lycopene has proved to be a potent inhibitor of cell viability, arrest cell cycle and increase the apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells, suggesting an effect in the balance of human prostate cancer cell lines growth.
4
Kucuk, Omer, Fazlul H. Sarkar, Wael Sakr, Fred Khachik, Zora Djuric, Mousumi Banerjee, Michael N. Pollak, John S. Bertram, and David P. Wood. "Lycopene in the treatment of prostate cancer." Pure and Applied Chemistry 74, no. 8 (January 1, 2002): 1443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274081443.
Full textAbstract:
Dietary intake of lycopene is associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer (PCa). We conducted a clinical trial in men with prostate cancer to investigate the biological and clinical effects of lycopene supplementation. Twenty-six men with prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive a lycopene supplement or no supplement for three weeks before radical prostatectomy. Subjects in the intervention group (n = 15) were instructed to take a tomato oleoresin extract soft gel capsule (Lyc-O-Mato®, LycoRed Company, Beer Sheva, Israel) containing 15 mg lycopene, 1.5 mg phytoene, 1.5 mg phytofluene, and 5 mg tocopherol twice daily with meals. Prostatectomy specimens were evaluated for pathologic stage, Gleason score, volume of cancer, and extent of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). Biomarkers of cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by Western blot analysis in benign and cancerous tissue samples obtained from the prostatectomy specimens. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA oxidation product 5-hydroxymethyl-deoxyuridine (5-OH-mdU). Plasma levels of lycopene, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were measured at baseline and after three weeks of study period. After the intervention, more men in the intervention group had smaller (<4 cc) tumors, organ-confined disease without involvement of surgical margins or extra-prostatic tissues, and focal involvement of the prostate with HGPIN compared to the control group. Mean plasma PSA levels were lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. This pilot study suggests that a tomato extract containing lycopene and other tomato carotenoids and phytochemicals may have a potential role in the treatment of prostate cancer. Larger clinical trials are necessary to definitively address potential uses of lycopene or tomato extract in the prevention or treatment of prostate cancer.
5
Barus, Bunga Rimta, Vera Estevania Kaban, Jessi Octavia Aitonang, and Syukur Berkat Waruwu. "PERBANDINGAN FORMULASI EKSTRAK E PERBANDINGAN FORMULASI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH TERONG BELANDA SEBAGAI PEWARNA PADA BLUSH ON DALAM BENTUK SEDIAAN COMPACT." JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) 3, no. 1 (October 30, 2020): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v3i1.450.
Full textAbstract:
Blush on is a cosmetic preparation for coloring the cheeks with an artistic touch so that it can increase the attractive impression in makeup (Nurhayati, 2016). Many blush-on preparations come from chemicals, which can cause spotty, black spots and can trigger skin cancer. One alternative that can be used is by making a blush on natural ingredients, namely Tree Tomato. The purpose of this study was to find out the Ethanol Extract of the Tree Tomato Fruit was made as a blush on coloring in compact preparations.The sample used in this study was Tree Tomato, red and had a soft texture taken from the cultivation of Tree tomato in the village of Brastagi, Karo District, North Sumatra Province. Making extracts is done by maceration and the process of making blush. After that evaluation of blush on preparation is carried out. Evaluation test results of blush on ethanol extract of tree tomato fruit include. The results of homogeneity tests are declared homogeneous, pH test averages 6.4, irritation test results stated not to irritate, the test results of the three formulations can be concluded that the three most preferred form of blush on panelists are formulations with a concentration of 15%, because they have a comfortable level of application, clear colors and very soft.Ethanol extract of Tree Tomato fruit can be made as a dye in compact preparations.
6
Koul, Ashwani, Mohinder Pal Bansal, Aniqa Aniqa, Harsh Chaudhary, and Neha Arora Chugh. "Lycopene enriched tomato extract suppresses chemically induced skin tumorigenesis in mice." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 90, no. 5-6 (October 2020): 493–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000597.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The present study revealed the effects of Lycopene enriched tomato extract (LycT) on chemically induced skin cancer in mice. Skin tumors were induced by topical application of 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) [500 nmol/100 ul of acetone, twice a week for two weeks] and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) [1.7 nmol/100 ul of acetone, twice a week for eighteen weeks] and LycT (5 mg/kg b.w.) was administered orally. Male Balb/c mice were divided into four groups (n = 15 per group): control, DMBA/TPA, LycT and LycT + DMBA/TPA. The chemopreventive response of LycT to skin tumorigenesis was evident by inhibition in tumor incidence, number, size, burden and volume in LycT + DMBA/TPA group when compared to DMBA/TPA group. This was associated with inhibition of cell proliferation in LycT + DMBA/TPA group as observed by the decrease in epidermal morphometric parameters and mRNA and protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen when compared to DMBA/TPA group (p ≤ 0.05). LycT decreased (p ≤ 0.05) the mRNA and protein expression of angiogenic genes (vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-2, basic fibroblast growth factor) in LycT + DMBA/TPA group, suggesting its anti-angiogenic effects. The increase (p ≤ 0.05) in protein expression of connexin-32 and 43 in LycT + DMBA/TPA group suggests improved inter cellular communication when compared to DMBA/TPA group. Histochemical studies demonstrated that the components of extracellular matrix (fibrous proteins and mucopolysaccharides) were also modulated during skin carcinogenesis and its chemoprevention by LycT. The decrease in cell proliferation parameters and expression of angiogenesis associated genes, modulation of ECM components and increase in expression of connexins suggest that LycT improved multiple dysregulated processes during chemoprevention of skin cancer.
7
Nguenang, Gaëlle S., Arsène S. M. Ntyam, and Victor Kuete. "Acute and Subacute Toxicity Profiles of the Methanol Extract of Lycopersicon esculentum L. Leaves (Tomato), a Botanical with Promising In Vitro Anticancer Potential." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (March 5, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8935897.
Full textAbstract:
Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) is a plant widely used in Africa like food and to solve many health problems. The methanol crude extract of tomato recently demonstrated a good antiproliferative effect on many human cancer cell lines. The aim of this research was to evaluate the acute toxicity and subacute oral toxicity of methanolic extract from leaves of this plant. These toxicities were evaluated based on the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) guidelines. The assay of acute toxicity was performed using a total of 3 female rats, which received a single dose of 5000 mg/kg of methanolic extract via oral gavage. For the subacute toxicity study, 32 Wistar rats (males and females) were used. The groups were treated with three different doses of Lycopersicon esculentum methanolic extract (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg b.w.) for 28 days and the control group received distilled water. The hematological, biochemical, and histopathological studies were performed after the sacrifice. Single dose of tomato extract caused no toxicity up to a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight; hence, the median lethal dose (DL50) of leaves of this plant was greater than this value. However, lower toxic effects could be manifested in the long-term treatment at the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) because urea level and total serum proteins significantly increased at a dose of 1000 mg/kg with respect to control. The microscopic observation showed no remarkable pathological changes on all organs in the treated groups compared with the control groups of female and male rats. These results demonstrate that single dose of tomato extract leaves is relatively nontoxic at a dose of 5000 mg/kg b.w. and prolonged use of lower doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) of L. esculentum orally should be encouraged, whereas highest dose (1000 mg/kg) should be avoided.
8
Fujimaki, Junya, Neo Sayama, Shigenobu Shiotani, Takanori Suzuki, Miki Nonaka, Yasuhito Uezono, Mamoru Oyabu, et al. "The Steroidal Alkaloid Tomatidine and Tomatidine-Rich Tomato Leaf Extract Suppress the Human Gastric Cancer-Derived 85As2 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo via Modulation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes." Nutrients 14, no. 5 (February 28, 2022): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14051023.
Full textAbstract:
The steroidal alkaloid tomatidine is an aglycone of α-tomatine, which is abundant in tomato leaves and has several biological activities. Tomatidine has been reported to inhibit the growth of cultured cancer cells in vitro, but its anti-cancer activity in vivo and inhibitory effect against gastric cancer cells remain unknown. We investigated the efficacy of tomatidine using human gastric cancer-derived 85As2 cells and its tumor-bearing mouse model and evaluated the effect of tomatidine-rich tomato leaf extract (TRTLE) obtained from tomato leaves. In the tumor-bearing mouse model, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by feeding a diet containing tomatidine and TRTLE for 3 weeks. Tomatidine and TRTLE also inhibited the proliferation of cultured 85As2 cells. Microarray data of gene expression analysis in mouse tumors revealed that the expression levels of mRNAs belonging to the type I interferon signaling pathway were altered in the mice fed the diet containing tomatidine and TRTLE. Moreover, the knockdown of one of the type I interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), interferon α-inducible protein 27 (IFI27), inhibited the proliferation of cultured 85As2 cells. This study demonstrates that tomatidine and TRTLE inhibit the tumor growth in vivo and the proliferation of human gastric cancer-derived 85As2 cells in vitro, which could be due to the downregulation of ISG expression.
9
Urbonavičienė, Dalia, Česlovas Bobinas, Ramunė Bobinaitė, Lina Raudonė, Sonata Trumbeckaitė, Jonas Viškelis, and Pranas Viškelis. "Composition and Antioxidant Activity, Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Extracts, and Residue after Extraction of Biologically Active Compounds from Freeze-Dried Tomato Matrix." Processes 9, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9030467.
Full textAbstract:
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SCE-CO2) is an attractive, green technology that is used for the recovery of biologically active compounds from plant material. The antioxidant potential of lipophilic fractions (extract obtained with SCE-CO2) and hydrophilic fractions (extracts obtained from the residue after extraction) obtained from a matrix of freeze-dried tomatoes (cvs. “Admiro” F1, “Jurgiai”, “Vilina”, “Pirmutis”, and “Skariai”) was assessed via different antioxidant activity methods. The total amount of polyphenols, carotenoids, and carotenoid isomers before and after SCE-CO2 extraction was also determined. To investigate the effect of the SCE-CO2 extract on the viability of cancer cells, rat glioblastoma C6 cells were chosen. The SCE-CO2 yielded an average of 800 mg of lipophilic fraction per 100 g of freeze-dried tomatoes. The ABTS•+ scavenging activity of the extract was 251 ± 3.4 µmol TE/g. After SCE-CO2 extraction, the DPPH•-RSA of the freeze-dried tomato matrix was 7 to 12% higher. There was a strong positive correlation (R = 0.84) between the total polyphenolics content and the DPPH•-RSA of the tomato samples. The SCE-CO2 increased the radical scavenging activity of the extraction residue, indicating that a considerable fraction of the hydrophilic compounds with particular antioxidant capacity remain unextracted from the tomato matrix. Our results reveal the cytotoxic effect of lycopene extract rich in cis-isomers (62% cis-isomers of the total lycopene content) on rat glioblastoma C6 cells. The viability of the glioblastoma C6 cells significantly decreased (−42%) at a total lycopene concentration of 2.4 µM after 24 h of incubation.
10
Walfisch, Shlomo, Yossi Walfisch, Elena Kirilov, Nadia Linde, Haim Mnitentag, Riad Agbaria, Yoav Sharoni, and Joseph Levy. "Tomato lycopene extract supplementation decreases insulin-like growth factor-I levels in colon cancer patients." European Journal of Cancer Prevention 16, no. 4 (August 2007): 298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cej.0000236251.09232.7b.
Full text
11
Driouich, Rim, Olfa Bousselmi, and Ameur Cherif. "Valorization of Tomato Processing Waste for Lycopene Extraction." Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry 6, no. 1 (November 7, 2016): 686–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.13171/mjc61/0161107123915/driouich.
Full textAbstract:
Lycopene is one of the most powerful antioxidants and singlet oxygen quenching agents. It has been found to be of great medical importance with various anti cancer effects, cardiovascular diseases effective agent and with its ability to be an important carotenoid in preventive medicine. In Tunisia, we note a real consumption of tomato paste. With 28 production units for double and triple concentrated tomato, noting a significant production of waste (approximately 30000 Tonne/year) consisting of skins pulp and seeds, which could be an important source of lycopene. Our study is concerned with three solid-phase extraction process: assisted by ultrasonic, by microwave and by homogenizer heating at moderate temperature. Their efficiency for the extraction of lycopene contained in the tomato waste was elaborated. The effect of the main process variables (including solvent polarity, solid-to-liquid ratio, temperature and time) on lycopene recovery have been investigated. The yield of the isolated lycopene was determined using UV-Visible spectrophotometry and UPLC-DAD quantification methods. Lycopene-rich extract was obtained from the dried and milled tomatoes waste using ethanol as a food grade extraction solvent and employing microwave assisted extraction process. The optimum conditions were 30 min total extraction time at 50°C temperature and 1bar pressure. The degradation of extracted lycopene through air oxidation and day light effect were also tested. Lycopene is stable when mixed with olive oil as a natural antioxidant. Up to 80% of lycopene degradated when exposed for one month to day light at 25°C.
12
Vecchia, Carlo La. "Tomatoes, Lycopene Intake, and Digestive Tract and Female Hormone-Related Neoplasms." Experimental Biology and Medicine 227, no. 10 (November 2002): 860–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153537020222701004.
Full textAbstract:
Tomato consumption showed a consistent inverse relation with the risk of digestive tract neoplasms in Italy in an integrated series of studies conducted in the 1980s. Another series of case-control studies was conducted between 1992 and 1999 in different areas of Italy. Cases were patients below age 80 with incident, histologically confirmed cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx (n = 754), esophagus (n = 304), colorectum (n = 1953), breast (n = 2529), and ovary (n = 1031). The comparison group involved, overall, over 5000 patients below age 80 with acute, non-neoplastic, nonhormone-related diseases, unrelated to long-term diet modifications and admitted to the same network of hospitals. Information was collected in hospital by trained interviewers using a validated food frequency questionnaire, including 78 foods or groups of foods, various alcoholic beverage, and fat-intake pattern. The multivariate relative risk (RR) of oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal cancer decreased across subsequent levels of lycopene intake to reach 0.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–1.0) for oral and pharyngeal, and 0.7 (95% CI 0.4–1.1) for esophageal cancer in the highest quintile of intake. Both trends in risk were of borderline statistical significance. With reference to colorectal, breast, and ovarian cancer, although no consistent association was observed for lycopene (RR = 1.0 for colorectal, 1.2 for breast, and 1.1 for ovary in the highest quintile), tomato Intake was inversely and significantly related with colorectal cancer (RR = 0.8). The inverse relation between lycopene and upper digestive tract neoplasms was not explained by alcohol or tobacco, sociodemographic factors, or total energy Intake. The interpretation of such an inverse relation, however, remains open to discussion because it may be related to an effect of lycopene due to its antioxidant effect and/or a potential role of lycopene in decreasing Insulin growth factor I, which is a promoter in the process of carcinogenesis.
13
Alimohammadi, Mohammad, Mohamed Hassen Lahiani, Diamond McGehee, and Mariya Khodakovskaya. "Polyphenolic extract of InsP 5-ptase expressing tomato plants reduce the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells." PLOS ONE 12, no. 4 (April 27, 2017): e0175778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175778.
Full text
14
Gann, Peter H., Ryan J. Deaton, Erika Enk Rueter, Richard B. van Breemen, Larisa Nonn, Virgilia Macias, Misop Han, and Viju Ananthanarayanan. "A Phase II Randomized Trial of Lycopene-Rich Tomato Extract Among Men with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia." Nutrition and Cancer 67, no. 7 (September 30, 2015): 1104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2015.1075560.
Full text
15
Belgüzar, Sabriye, Bahadır Şin, Zeliha Eroğlu, İzzet Kadıoğlu, and Yusuf Yanar. "Farklı Konukçu Bitkilerden Toplanan Ökse Otu (Viscum album L.) Ekstraktlarının Bazı Bitki Patojeni Bakteriler Üzerine Etkisi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, sp1 (December 12, 2020): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8isp1.80-84.3987.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, antibacterial effects of semi-parasitic plant common mistletoe (Viscum album L.), collected from different woody host, extracts on the tomato bacterial cancer and wilt disease agent Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, pepper and tomato bacterial leaf spot disease agent Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria and tomato bacterial leaf spot disease agent Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato were determined. The common mistletoe collected from pine, pear, acacia and mahaleb trees. The leaves and stems water extracts of common mistletoe were added to Nutrinet agar medium before autoclaving at the final concentrations of 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 10%. The bacterial concentration was adjusted to 108 cfu/ml with spectrophotometer to within an 0.2 at 600 nm. Then, 100 µl of bacterial inoculums were spread over the extracts amended media plates. As a control group, pathogens were plated on the unamended media. The study was established in 3 repetitions and repeated 2 times. At the end of the incubation period, bacteria growing on all treated petri dishes were collected and their density was measured in a spectrophotometer. Based on the results of the study, 1% and 2.5% concentration of the extracts obtained from leaves and stems of common mistletoe collected from different trees were not effective on the bacteria tested, while 5% and 10% concentration of them inhibited the bacterial growth completely (100%). Also, it was observed that there wasn’t difference on the pathogens on the basis of the host where mistletoe was collected. According to the results of this study conducted under in vitro conditions, in vivo studies should be carried out with the common mistletoe extract, which is effective on the bacterial pathogens.
16
Javeria, Hafiza. "Utilization of vegetables as a source of dietary fiber in conventional product." MOJ Food Processing & Technology 10, no. 1 (2022): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojfpt.2022.10.00268.
Full textAbstract:
Dietary fiber is that part of plant material in our diet which is highly resistant to enzymatic digestion .It includes cellulose, hemicellulose, gums and mucilages. The diets which contains high content of dietary fiber include nuts, cereals fruits and vegetables. High dietary fiber intake protects from many chronic diseases like gastrointestinal tract problems, cancer, heart diseases and obesity. Fruits and vegetables contain great amount of dietary fiber in them and can be used in development of various products such as bakery, beverages and supplements. In the current project three vegetables taken considered as high dietary fiber to extract dietary fiber from them. Solanum lycopersicum, L. (Tomato), Brassica oleracea, L. (cabbage) and Ipomea batatas, (L.) Lam. (sweet potato) were analyzed. The chemical analysis of these vegetables fat%, ash%, moisture%, fiber%, protein% in addition to carbohydrate%. A product (muffin) was prepared of all these samples separately for entire dietary fiber analysis. The total dietary fiber of Brassica oleracea, L. (cabbage) was 7.21g, for Solanum lycopersicum, L. (tomato) was 6.43g and for Ipomea batatas, (L.) Lam. (sweet potato) the fiber content was 14.9g which shows that sweet potato has highest content of dietary fiber. It provides essential nutrients and helps to overcome the deficiency of dietary fiber in body as a baked product. It is formed as little cost supplement and available local source of vegetables.
17
Amid, Azura, Wan Dalila Wan Chik, Parveen Jamal, and Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim. "Microarray and Quantitative PCR Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles in Response to Treatment with Tomato Leaf Extract in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells." Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 13, no. 12 (December 31, 2012): 6319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.12.6319.
Full text
18
Talvas, Jérémie, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Laurent Guy, Mathieu Rambeau, Bernard Lyan, Régine Minet-Quinard, Jean-Marc Adolphe Lobaccaro, et al. "Differential effects of lycopene consumed in tomato paste and lycopene in the form of a purified extract on target genes of cancer prostatic cells." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 91, no. 6 (April 14, 2010): 1716–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.28666.
Full text
19
Tuzcu, Mehmet, Abdullah Aslan, Zeynep Tuzcu, Mehmet Yabas, Ibrahim Halil Bahcecioglu, Ibrahim Hanifi Ozercan, Omer Kucuk, and Kazim Sahin. "Tomato powder impedes the development of azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer in rats through suppression of COX-2 expression via NF-κB and regulating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway." Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 56, no. 9 (August 1, 2012): 1477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201200130.
Full text
20
Briviba, K. "Effects of supplementing a low-carotenoid diet with a tomato extract for 2 weeks on endogenous levels of DNA single strand breaks and immune functions in healthy non-smokers and smokers." Carcinogenesis 25, no. 12 (June 24, 2004): 2373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgh249.
Full text
21
Kucuk, Omer, Fazlul H. Sarkar, Zora Djuric, Wael Sakr, Michael N. Pollak, Fred Khachik, Mousumi Banerjee, John S. Bertram, and David P. Wood. "Effects of Lycopene Supplementation in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer." Experimental Biology and Medicine 227, no. 10 (November 2002): 881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153537020222701007.
Full textAbstract:
Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between dietary intake of lycopene and prostate cancer risk. We conducted a clinical trial to investigate the biological and clinical effects of lycopene supplementation in patients with localized prostate cancer. Twenty-six men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive a tomato oleoresin extract containing 30 mg of lycopene (n = 15) or no supplementation (n = 11) for 3 weeks before radical prostatectomy. Biomarkers of cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by Western blot analysis in benign and cancerous prostate tissues. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the Peripheral blood lymphocyte ONA oxidation product 5-hydroxymethyl-deoxyuridine (5-OH-mdU). Usual dietary Intake of nutrients was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Prostatectomy specimens were evaluated for pathologic stage, Gleason score, volume of cancer, and extent of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Plasma levels of lycopene, insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and prostate-specific antigen were measured at baseline and after 3 weeks of supplementation or observation. After intervention, subjects in the intervention group had smaller tumors (80% vs 45%, less than 4 ml), less involvement of surgical margins and/or extra-prostatic tissues with cancer (73% vs 18%, organ-confined disease), and less diffuse involvement of the prostate by high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (33% vs 0%, focal involvement) compared with subjects in the control group. Mean plasma prostate-specific antigen levels were lower in the intervention group compared with the control group. This pilot study suggests that lycopene may have beneficial effects in prostate cancer. Larger clinical trials are Warranted to investigate the potential preventive and/or therapeutic role of lycopene in prostate cancer.
22
Thulasidas, Jeya Shree, Gowri Sree Varadarajan, Ignacio G. Camarillo, Uma K. Aryal, Lakshya Mittal, and Raji Sundararajan. "Proteomics study on the effect of combined treatment of electrical pulses and tomato lipophilic extract in the downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in triple-negative breast cancer cell." Phytomedicine Plus 1, no. 3 (August 2021): 100064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phyplu.2021.100064.
Full text
23
Ben-Dor, Anat, Michael Steiner, Larisa Gheber, Michael Danilenko, Noga Dubi, Karin Linnewiel, Anat Zick, Yoav Sharoni, and Joseph Levy. "Carotenoids activate the antioxidant response element transcription system." Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.177.4.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Epidemiologic studies have found an inverse association between consumption of tomato products and the risk of certain types of cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not completely understood. One mechanism that has been suggested is induction of phase II detoxification enzymes. Expression of phase II enzymes is regulated by the antioxidant response element (ARE) and the transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2). In this study, we determined the role of this transcription system in the induction of phase II enzymes by carotenoids. We found that in transiently transfected cancer cells, lycopene transactivated the expression of reporter genes fused with ARE sequences. Other carotenoids such as phytoene, phytofluene, β-carotene, and astaxanthin had a much smaller effect. An increase in protein as well as mRNA levels of the phase II enzymes NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase was observed in nontransfected cells after carotenoid treatment. Ethanolic extract of lycopene containing unidentified hydrophilic derivatives of the carotenoid activated ARE with similar potency to lycopene. The potency of the carotenoids in ARE activation did not correlate with their effect on intracellular reactive oxygen species and reduced glutathione level, which may indicate that ARE activation is not solely related to their antioxidant activity. Nrf2, which is found predominantly in the cytoplasm of control cells, translocated to the nucleus after carotenoid treatment. Interestingly, part of the translocated Nrf2 colocalized with the promyelocytic leukemia protein in the promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies. The increase in phase II enzymes was abolished by a dominant-negative Nrf2, suggesting that carotenoid induction of these proteins depends on a functional Nrf2 and the ARE transcription system.
24
Russo, Chiara, Daniela Barone, Margherita Lavorgna, Concetta Piscitelli, Marcella Macaluso, Severina Pacifico, Simona Piccolella, Antonio Giordano, and Marina Isidori. "Cytotoxic evaluation and chemical investigation of tomatoes from plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown in uncontaminated and experimentally contaminated soils." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (July 29, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13876-w.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity and the chemical composition of the tomato extracts coming from, Pomodoro Giallo and San Marzano Cirio 3, and then to evaluate the potential changes when plants were grown in soils contaminated by cadmium, chromium and lead. Extracts were investigated by UHPLC-HRMS and UV–Vis. Cell viability (CellTiter-Glo Luminescent assay), enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDEFLOUR Assay), cell cycle progression (Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer), apoptosis and necrosis (Annexin V-FITC assay) were evaluated on two gastric cancer (AGS and NCI-N87) and two colorectal cancer (HT-29 and HCT 116) cell lines. Different content of polyphenol and carotenoid constituents was observed. Extracts from uncontaminated soil induced cytotoxic activity towards all selected cancer cells, while extracts coming from contaminated soils showed the aberrant phenotype increased in colorectal cancer cells. Chloroform extracts exerted the highest cytotoxic activity. AGS and HT-29 were the most sensitive to cell cycle arrest and to apoptosis. No necrotic effect was observed in HCT 116. The contrasting effects on cancer cells were observed based on tomato variety, the extract polarity, heavy metal identity, and tested cell line. The investigation of potential adverse health effects due to Cd in the fruits should be explored.
25
Shejawal, Kiran P., Dheeraj S. Randive, Somnath D. Bhinge, Mangesh A. Bhutkar, Sachin S. Todkar, Anjum S. Mulla, and Namdeo R. Jadhav. "Green synthesis of silver, iron and gold nanoparticles of lycopene extracted from tomato: their characterization and cytotoxicity against COLO320DM, HT29 and Hella cell." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 32, no. 2 (February 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-021-06489-8.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractOur study aimed at development of Silver, Iron and Gold nanoparticles of Lycopene isolated from tomato by using green synthesis technique and to evaluate its anticancer potential against colorectal and cervical cancer. Lycopene was extracted by benzene extraction method and the silver, iron and gold nanoparticles were developed by green synthesis method. 1% aqueous extract of isolated Lycopene was mixed with 1% solutions of AgNO3, FeCl3 and HAuCl4 solutions and incubated at ambient temperature for 3–4 h separately and observed for the color change which is an indicative of formation of the nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD analysis and evaluated for their antimicrobial potential. The cytotoxicity studies were carried out by in vitro assay like MTT, SRB and Tryphan blue method against Colo 320 DM, HT 29, and Hella. SEM showed nanosized particles of 50–100 nm range, whereas no antimicrobial activity was exhibited by the prepared nanoparticles. In MTT assay the LyAgNP showed maximum 41.41 ± 0.4124% inhibition against COLO320DM, whereas LyGNP exhibited 41.47 ± 0.4469% inhibition against HT 29 and LyAgNP showed 40.9 ± 0.6908% inhibition against Hella cells. In SRB assay LyAgNP showed maximum 82.68 ± 1.1798% inhibition against COLO320DM, whereas LyGNP exhibited maximum 91.21 ± 0.2372% inhibition against HT29 and 87.98 ± 0.5878% inhibition against Hella cells. In tryphan blue assay against COLO320DM, HT29 and Hella cells, the maximum inhibition exhibited by the prepared nanoparticles were observed as LyGNP 83.45 ± 0.4694%, LyAgNP 88.05 ± 0.1870% and LyAgNP65.47 ± 0.4766%. We conclude that the developed nanoparticles of Lycopene exhibited potential anticancer activity against Colorectal and cervical cancer cell as compared with pure Lycopene.
26
Park, Se Hee, Kon-Young Ji, Seo Young Park, Hyun Min Kim, Sang Hoon Ma, Ju Hui Do, Hyuno Kang, et al. "Immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant colorectal cancer antigen produced in tomato fruits." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (June 13, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13839-1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe production of pharmacological vaccines in plants has been an important goal in the field of plant biotechnology. GA733-2, the protein that is also known as colorectal carcinoma (CRC)-associated antigen, is a strong candidate to produce a colorectal cancer vaccine. Tomato is the one of the major targets for production of an edible vaccine, as tomato is a fruit consumed in fresh form. It also contains high content of vitamins that aid activation of immune response. In order to develop an edible colorectal cancer vaccine, the transgene rGA733-Fc that encodes a fusion protein of GA733-2, the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain, and the ER retention motif (rGA733-Fc) was introduced into tomato plants (Solanumlycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom). The transgenic plants producing rGA733-Fc (rGA733-FcOX) protein were screened based on stable integration of transgene expression cassette and expression level of rGA733-Fc protein. Further glycosylation pattern analysis revealed that plant derived rGA733-Fc protein contains an oligomannose glycan structure, which is a typical glycosylation pattern found on ER-processing proteins. The red fruits of rGA733-FcOX transgenic tomato plants containing approximately 270 ng/g FW of rGA733-Fc protein were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice. Oral administration of tomato fruits of the rGA733-Fc expressing transgenic plants delayed colorectal cancer growth and stimulated immune responses compared to oral administration of tomato fruits of the h-Fc expressing transgenic plants in the C57BL/6J mice. This is the first study showing the possibility of producing an edible colorectal cancer vaccine using tomato plants. This research would be helpful for development of plant-derived cancer edible vaccines.
27
Xu, Xin, Shiqi Li, and Yi Zhu. "Dietary Intake of Tomato and Lycopene and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: Results From a Prospective Study." Frontiers in Nutrition 8 (July 5, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.684859.
Full textAbstract:
Evidence on the relationship between consumption of tomato or lycopene and mortality is limited. We investigated the associations of raw tomato, tomato catsup or lycopene intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality using data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) screening trial. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During a total of 1,672,715 follow-up years, 24,141 all-cause deaths, 7,534 cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths and 7,161 cancer deaths occurred. Total mortality was statistically significantly inversely associated with intake of raw tomato (Q5 vs. Q1; HR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.91–0.99]), tomato catsup (Q5 vs. Q1; HR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.89–0.97]), and moderate lycopene (Q4 vs. Q1; HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.85–0.93]). CVD mortality was significantly inversely related with intake of moderate raw tomato (Q4 vs. Q1; HR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.83–0.97]), tomato catsup (Q5 vs. Q1; HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.85–0.99]), and moderate lycopene (Q4 vs. Q1; HR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.83–0.98]). Dietary intake of raw tomato (Q5 vs. Q1; HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.96–1.14]) and tomato catsup (Q5 vs. Q1; HR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.93–1.08]) were not related with cancer mortality. Moderate dietary intake of lycopene was significantly associated with a lower cancer mortality (Q4 vs. Q1; HR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.82–0.96]). There was a non-linear J-shaped association between consumption of raw tomato, tomato catsup or lycopene and total mortality (P for non-linearity <0.001). In conclusion, in this large nationally representative sample of US adult population, tomato products, and lycopene intake were associated with lower risks of total and CVD mortality. Moderate consumption of lycopene was also related with a reduced cancer mortality. Further clinical studies and dietary intervention studies are warranted to confirm our premilitary findings.
28
Elshafei, Marwa M., Iman M. Helmy, Marwa M. Sayed, Doaa B. Farag, Ismail M. Shebl, Shaimaa E. Ghazy, and Nermeen S. Afifi. "Autophagic-Related Anticancer Effect of Grapes Extract and Tomatoes Extract: Ex-Vivo Study." Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences, January 16, 2023, 280–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ijds.2023.53752.
Full textAbstract:
Cells undergo autophagy to save themselves from injury, but progressive autophagy can cause cell death. This study characterized and compared the effect of grape (resveratrol) and tomato (lycopene) extracts and their combination on modulating autophagy-related miRNA and its target gene in squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Docking analysis for extracts and selected genes was performed. Methyl Thiazol Tetrazolium assays were used to assess the cytotoxicity of extracts and their combination toward HEp-2 cells. qRT-PCR was used to quantify changes in gene expression. Data were statistically analyzed. miRNA-20a was identified as a potential effector in laryngeal cancer, and sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) was its target gene. Docking analysis showed that resveratrol interacted with miRNA-20a and showed less affinity toward SQSTM1. Hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions were predicted. In contrast, lycopene showed less affinity toward miRNA-20a than resveratrol. Increasing doses of resveratrol, lycopene, and their combination induced a statistically significant reduction in mean percent viability and mean fold changes of miRNA-20a and SQSTM1 expression in treated HEp-2 cells. Pearson’s correlation showed a statistically significant positive correlation between miRNA-20a and SQSTM1 (R=0.812, p≤0.001). Grape and tomato extracts and their combination display promising cytotoxicity against HEp-2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Both extracts reduce the expression of miRNA-20a and SQSTM1 with subsequent inhibition autophagy and promotion of apoptosis in HEp-2 cells.
29
Grillo, Federica, Michela Campora, Laura Cornara, Alberta Cascini, Simona Pigozzi, Paola Migliora, Francesca Sarocchi, and Luca Mastracci. "The Seeds of Doubt: Finding Seeds in Intriguing Places." Frontiers in Medicine 8 (April 14, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.655113.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Seeds may be found in gastrointestinal tissue samples, and their multifaceted appearance may be challenging. The aim is to report a rough incidence of pathology samples which show seeds, specify the most frequent sample types and show an iconography of the most commonly identified seeds.Materials and Methods: Between 2017 and 2020, all gastrointestinal pathology cases in which seeds/seed parts were found, were collected and seed type described by referencing a seed image library.Results: Fifty cases with complete seeds/seed parts were collected: 16 colonic resections for colorectal cancer and diverticulosis, 13 appendiceal resections for appendicitis, 1 gastric resection. Fifteen cases were found in polypectomy specimens and 5 cases in colorectal endoscopic biopsies. Most frequent seed types were tomato, kiwi, blueberry, and blackberry seeds.Conclusion: Seeds may be found in up to 4% of specimens; their recognition may be useful to exclude parasitic infections as well as in forensic sciences.
30
Akpanikot, Kufre, Ofonimeh Udofia, Otobong D. Akan, and Moses Uchechi. "Quantitative Analysis of Total Carotenoids in Some Vegetables Consumed in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria." Asian Food Science Journal, May 17, 2019, 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/afsj/2019/v9i330010.
Full textAbstract:
The quantitative analysis of total carotenoids in some vegetables consumed in Akwa Ibom State was evaluated using UV-Spectrophotometer and acetone as extraction solvent. Ten different vegetable samples i.e. Carrot (Daucus carota),purpleegg plant(Solanum melongena), green egg plant (Solanum melongena), tomato(Solanum lycopersicum), cucumber(Cucummis sativa),fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis), spinach(Spinacia oleracea), red pepper(Capsicum annuum, green pepper(Capsicum annuum)and bitterleaf (Vernonia amygdalina)were purchased from local markets in Itam and Ikot Akpaden, both in Akwa Ibom State. The fresh samples were washed with tap water, followed by distilled water. The samples were homogenized separately using sterile mortar and pestle with 10 ml acetone as extraction solvent. The extract was centrifuged at 10,000rpm for 15 mins in 4°C and the supernatant analysed as soon as possible using spectrophotometer (UV-VIS 2500) at 470 nm. The quantification of carotenoids was carried out according to Harbone J B, 1973 andon the basis of Beer Lambert’s equation: A=ƸCL in mol/l and converted to mg/ml. From the result obtained, Capsicum annuum (red pepper) had the highest amount of carotenoids (2.889 mg/ml), Solanum lycopersicum showed the lowest amount of carotenoid (0.260 mg/ml) the deep green vegetables also had high quantity of carotenoids. Carotenoids are important due to the health benefits associated with the pigment acting as provitamin A, a strong antioxidant and gives colouration to plants. It also helps in preventing photo-damage in plants and has some health benefits like improving sight, reducing cancer risk to animals too. Further studies analyzing the individual carotenoids is recommended and investigation on the effect of time on extraction.
31
Groves, Thomas, Christa Corley, Stephanie D. Byrum, and Antiño R. Allen. "The Effects of 5-Fluorouracil/Leucovorin Chemotherapy on Cognitive Function in Male Mice." Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 8 (October 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.762116.
Full textAbstract:
5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) and leucovorin (LV) are often given in combination to treat colorectal cancer. 5-Fu/LV prevents cell proliferation by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate to deoxythymidine monophosphate. While 5-Fu has been shown to cause cognitive impairment, the synergistic effect of 5-Fu with LV has not been fully explored. The present investigation was designed to assess how the combination of 5-Fu and LV affect cognition in a murine model. Six-month-old male mice were used in this study; 15 mice received saline injections and 15 mice received 5-Fu/LV injections. One month after treatment, the elevated plus maze, Y-maze, and Morris water maze behavioral tasks were performed. Brains were then extracted, cryosectioned, and stained for CD68 to assay microglial activation and with tomato lectin to assay the vasculature. All animals were able to locate the visible and hidden platform locations in the water maze. However, a significant impairment in spatial memory retention was observed in the probe trial after the first day of hidden-platform training (first probe trial) in animals that received 5-Fu/LV, but these animals showed spatial memory retention by day 5. There were no significant increases in inflammation as measured by CD68, but 5-Fu/LV treatment did modulate blood vessel morphology. Tandem mass tag proteomics analysis identified 6,049 proteins, 7 of which were differentially expressed with a p-value of <0.05 and a fold change of >1.5. The present data demonstrate that 5-Fu/LV increases anxiety and significantly impairs spatial memory retention.
32
Cicero, Arrigo F. G., Olta Allkanjari, Gian Maria Busetto, Tommaso Cai, Gaetano Larganà, Vittorio Magri, Gianpaolo Perletti, et al. "Nutraceutical treatment and prevention of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer." Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia 91, no. 3 (October 2, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2019.3.139.
Full textAbstract:
During the last years, pharmaceutical innovations in primary care are dramatically less frequent and will be even more rare in the next future. In this context, preclinical and clinical research oriented their interest toward natural compounds efficacy and safety, supporting the development of a new “nutraceutical” science. Medicinal plants, in the form of plant parts or extracts of them, are commonly used for the treatment of prostate diseases such as benign hypertrophy, prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome. The pharmacological properties searched for the treatment of prostatic diseases are anti-androgenic, anti-estrogenic, antiproliferative, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The most studied and used medicinal plants are Serenoa repens, Pygeum africanum and Urtica dioica. Other promising plants are Cucurbita pepo, Epilobium spp, Lycopersum esculentum, Secale cereale, Roystonea regia, Vaccinium macrocarpon. In parallel, epidemiological studies demonstrated that diet may play an important role on incidence and development of prostatic diseases. The Mediterranean diet is rich of elements with anti-oxidant properties that act as a protective factor for prostatic cancer. Similarly, low intake of animal protein, high intake of fruits and vegetable, lycopene and zinc are a protective factor for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Serenoa repens in the treatment of symptoms of BPH has been tested either alone or, more frequently, in combination with other medicinal plants, alpha-blockers and inhibitors of 5- alpha reductase (5-ARI). Recent meta-analyses found the effectiveness of Serenoa repens similar or inferior of that of finasteride and tamsulosin but clearly higher than that of placebo in the treatment of mild and moderate low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), nocturia and discomfort. Clinical trials showed potential synergistic effect of Serenoa repens with other medicinal plants and drugs. In addition to Serenoa repens, there are many other medicinal plants for which clinical evidence is still controversial. Urtica dioica, Pygeum africanum and Curcubita pepo can be considered as an adjunct to the common therapies and their use is supported by studies showing improvement of symptoms and flowmetric indices. Lycopene and selenium are natural products with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. The combination of lycopene and selenium with Serenoa repens was able to reduce inflammation in histological prostate sections and to further improve symptom scores and urinary flow in patients with BPH on tamsulosin treatment. Similar effects could be obtained with the use of other carotenoids, such as astaxanthin, and/or zinc. Efficacy on symptoms of patients with BPH of some polyphenols such as quercitin, equol and curcumin have been demonstrated by clinical studies. Pollen extract is a mixture of natural components able to inhibit several cytokines and prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis resulting in a potent anti-inflammatory effect. Pollen extracts significantly improve symptoms, pain, and quality of life in patients affected by chronic pelvic pain syndrome and chronic prostatitis. Beta-sitosterol is a sterol able to improve urinary symptoms and flow measures, but not to reduce the size of the prostate gland. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide-signaling molecule with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects that can have an interesting role in the management of chronic pelvic pain syndrome and chronic urological pain. Finally, several plant-based products have been subjected to preclinical, in vitro and in vivo, investigations for their potential pharmacological activity against prostate cancer. Some epidemiological studies or clinical trials evaluated the effects of beverages, extracts or food preparations on the risk of prostate cancer. Some plant species deserved more intense investigation, such as Camelia sinensis (green or black tea), Solanum lycopersicum (common tomato), Punica granatum (pomegranate), Glycine max (common soy) and Linum usitatissimum (linen).
33
WI, Abdel-Fattah, and El-Bassyouni GT. "Medicinal Functions of Physalis Fruits for Biomedical Applications." Austin Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 9, no. 2 (May 24, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26420/austinjpharmacolther.2021.1135.
Full textAbstract:
Drug innovation using natural products is an interesting mission for planning new leads. It describes the bioactive compounds resulting from natural resources, characterization and pharmacological examination. It emphases on the triumph of these resources in the process of finding and realizing new and effective drug compounds that can be beneficial for human resources. For medicinal devotions and for the progress of pharmaceutical substances, medicinal plants were used such as Physalis angulata L which is a medicinal plant used for numerous therapies including wound healing (Figure 1) [1]. Figure 1: Physalis angulata L Fruits within its cover [16]. Physalis peruviana (golden berry) is an herbaceous annual plant belongs to the family Solanaceae [2]. This plant has a tremendous medicinal value for curing out different diseases: cancer, leukemia, diabetes, ulcers, malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis, rheumatism and several other diseases [3]. The golden berry fruit tastes like a sweet tomato and includes high levels of vitamin C, vitamin A and the vitamin B-complex. The fruit was demonstrated to have both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties [4,5]. Herbal specialists and local people of several countries have used many extracts of medicinal plants to achieve and treat various diseases comprising wound healing [6]. Physalis with its notable benefits related to high nutrients and bioactive compounds with extraordinary antioxidant activity and other several medicinal properties have been ascribed to these compounds [7,8]. The bioactive compounds are formed as primary and secondary metabolites of the fruits. These compounds are biologically active with cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, fungicidal, insecticidal, tranquilizing, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and contraceptive actions, among others. Such compounds are used for several dedications, such as in medical therapy, to cure diseases, in the cosmetics, and in the food industry as antioxidants or flavorings [9]. Wounds are well-defined as a break in the cellular integrity of the anatomic continuousness of a tissue generally because of a chemical, microbial, physical or thermal injury [10]. Recently, wounds have become a very exciting pathological problem. Abdul-Nasir-Deen et al., explored the anti- inflammatory and wound healing properties of methanol leaf extract of Physalis angulata L [11]. They indicated that such extract possesses anti-inflammatory and wound healing activity which may justify its medicinal uses in the treatment of wounds. The PAL formulated cream at several concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10% w/v verified wound healing properties with obvious angiogenesis, collagenation and re-epithelization distinctive of fibrous tissue formation in wound bed [12] as presented in Figure 2. Figure 2: Therapeutic effect of methanol leaf extract of Physalis angulata on carrageenan- induced oedema in rats. A) Time-course curve; B) Area under the curve of carrageenan induced oedema, Saline: Normal Saline Control group, Aspirin: Aspirin-treated group, PAL: methanol leaf extract of Physalis angulate. Values are mean ± SEM (n=5). Nsp >0.05; *p< 0.05; **p< 0.01; ***p<0.001; yyp< 0.001; yyyp< 0.0001. Compared with normal saline control [11]. Moreover, the methanol leaf extracts of Physalis angulate with the existence of secondary metabolites including flavonoids and tannins justify the biological and pharmacological achieved activities (Figure 3). Figure 3: Histological images (x 400) showing influence of PAL on excised wound tissues from both treated and untreated wound tissues. A) Untreated wound tissues; B) Vehicle treated (aqueous cream only) wound tissues; C) 1% w/w silver sulphadiazine- treated wound tissues; D) 10% w/w PAL-treated wound tissues; E) 5% w/w PAL- treated wound tissues; F) 2.5% w/w PALtreated wound; G) 1.25% w/w PAL-treated wound; DNGT: Diffuse Necrotic Granulation Tissue; MDGT: Moderate Diffuse Granulation Tissue; HF: Hair Follicle; DF: Dense Fibrous Tissue; ASCKE: Atrophic Squamous Cell Keratinized Epithelium; SGT: Reduced Granulation Tissue; SeG: Sebaceous Gland; SwG: Sweat Gland [11]. To formulate a porous carbon material that had an abundance of surface functional groups and a huge specific surface area; Physalis alkekengi L. husk (PH) was used for the first time as a carbon source from PH and designated as porous carbon Physalis alkekengi L. husk (PCPH) by Zhang et al., [13]. The experimental results demonstrate that (PCPH) prepared from PH has good adsorption performance for Malachite Green (MG). MG was used as a model dye for evaluating the adsorption performance of PCPH. Zhang et al concluded that PCPH has excellent application potential in the treatment of environmental water pollution. Therefore, the preparation of PCPH with high adsorption performance has upright scenarios treatment of wastewater from printing and dye industries, and similarly affords a hypothetical basis for the inclusive use of shell-based agricultural waste [14]. The possible adsorption mechanisms of PCPH for MG are anticipated; which comprises H-bond interaction, pore filling, p-p interaction, and electrostatic attraction (Figure 4) [15]. Figure 4: The adsorption mechanism diagram of PCPH to MG [13]. Recently, Zimmer et al., concluded that the extracts of the Physalis fruit have functional properties of great importance, being a source of phenolic compounds possessing antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor activities [8]. The pulp and seed extracts displayed moderately active inhibition halos in the existence of Gram-positive bacteria. Both pulp and seeds extracts were talented to reduce the cell viability percentage. The pulp (P) and seed (S) hydroalcoholic extracts of Physalis pubescens showed moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. The pulp (P) and seed (S) extracts showed moderate anti-tumor activity against the rat glioblastoma cell line (C6) and murine melanoma cell line (B16F10) (Figure 5). Figure 5: Viability graphs of cells of murine melanoma lineage (B16F10) exposed to different concentration s for 48h and 72h of hydroalcoholic extracts of pulp (P) and seed (S). *The greater the number of asterisks, the higher the significance [8].