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Journal articles on the topic 'Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Hong, Seung Wook, and Jeong-Sik Byeon. "Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early colorectal cancer." Intestinal Research 20, no. 3 (July 30, 2022): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5217/ir.2021.00169.

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Early colorectal cancer refers to cancer in the colorectum that is confined to the mucosa or submucosa and does not invade the muscularis propria, irrespective of lymph node or distant metastasis. As the number of persons undergoing screening colonoscopy increases, the proportion of patients diagnosed with precancerous colorectal lesions and early colorectal cancer also increases. In the last decade, innovative optical technologies for endoscopic diagnosis have been introduced and endoscopic treatment techniques such as endoscopic submucosal dissection have provided major breakthroughs in the management of early colorectal cancer. With these remarkable developments, endoscopic treatment has established itself as an alternative to surgical resection in the treatment of early colorectal cancer. This review will discuss the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early colorectal cancer. Furthermore, the unmet needs in this field and the latest research addressing those issues will be summarized.

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2

Lee, Bong Hwa. "Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 45, no. 7 (2002): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2002.45.7.811.

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3

Kornfeld, D., A. Ekbom, and T. Ihre. "Is there an excess risk for colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis and concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis? A population based study." Gut 41, no. 4 (October 1, 1997): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.41.4.522.

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Background—Patients with ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Duration, age, and extent of the disease at diagnosis are the only established risk factors. Patients with ulcerative colitis and concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) have been reported to have a higher frequency of colonic DNA aneuploidy and/or dysplasia than expected, findings indicating an increased risk of colorectal cancer compared with other patients with ulcerative colitis.Methods—A population based cohort consisting of 125 patients with a verified diagnosis of PSC was followed up by linkage to the Swedish Cancer Registry for the occurrence of colorectal cancer.Results—There were 12 colorectal cancers. Six cancers were diagnosed prior to the diagnosis of PSC. Among the 104 patients with an intact colon at the time of the diagnosis of PSC there was a cumulative risk for colorectal cancer of 16% after 10 years. Among the 58 patients with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer prior to the diagnosis of PSC, there were five colorectal cancers corresponding to a cumulative risk of 25% after 10 years.Conclusions—Patients with ulcerative colitis and concomitant PSC seem to constitute a subgroup with a high risk for colorectal cancer.

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Ramesh, Ranjana, Dorin Dsouza, Yogish S, and Mahadeva Murthy S. "COLORECTAL CANCER: A REVIEW OF DISEASE DIAGNOSIS, SURGICAL INTERVENTION AND TREATMENT PROCEDURES." Indian Research Journal of Pharmacy and Science 5, no. 1 (March 2018): 1260–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/irjps.2018.5.1.5.

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Toiyama, Yuji, Yasuhiro Inoue, and Masato Kusunoki. "Molecular Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer." Nippon Daicho Komonbyo Gakkai Zasshi 69, no. 10 (2016): 480–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3862/jcoloproctology.69.480.

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Gabelloni, V. Gonzalez, N. Paul, G. Ugo, and W. A. Clavelli. "VP03.01: Colorectal cancer: transvaginal diagnosis." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 58, S1 (October 2021): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.24045.

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Kim, Ah Young. "Imaging Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 53, no. 7 (2010): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2010.53.7.562.

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8

Geiger, Timothy M. "Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis." Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 61, no. 4 (April 2018): 417–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dcr.0000000000000968.

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9

Romano, Giovanni, Giulio Belli, and Gianluca Rotondano. "Colorectal Cancer: Diagnosis of Recurrence." Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America 5, no. 4 (October 1995): 831–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1052-5157(18)30405-7.

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10

于, 红梅. "Optical Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer." Medical Diagnosis 09, no. 02 (2019): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/md.2019.92010.

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11

Van Dam, J. "Endosonographic Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer." Endoscopy 30, S 1 (August 1998): A 88—A 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1001481.

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Gabelloni, V. Gonzalez, N. Paul, G. Ugo, and W. A. Clavelli. "VP66.18: Colorectal cancer, transvaginal diagnosis." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 56, S1 (October 2020): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.23476.

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13

Gal, Danielle. "Cardiovascular Comorbidities Common in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer." Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics 2, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2640-1053/025.

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Aim: As comorbidities may impact treatment decisions, prognoses and quality of care, this study determined the rate of comorbid cardiovascular diseases in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Methods: From the PHARMO Record Linkage System in The Netherlands, all patients with a hospital discharge code for CRC and distant metastasis from 2000–2008 were selected. Prevalent cardiovascular comorbidities were assessed during the 12 months prior to the index date (the first discharge diagnosis defining metastases). Cardiovascular comorbidities were captured using cardiovascular drug use and hospital admission data. 2964 patients with mCRC were included in the analysis. Mean (± standard deviation) age at diagnosis was 68 (± 12) years and 53% were male. Results: Cardiovascular comorbidities were observed in 52% of patients. Of patients identified by drug use, the most commonly used agents were antithrombotic agents (54%), beta-blocking agents (46%), and agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system (45%). Of patients hospitalised for cardiovascular comorbidities, about one-third were hospitalised for cardiac dysrhythmia (39%), followed by congestive heart failure (19%) and hypertension (18%). Conclusions: Cardiovascular comorbidities are common in patients with mCRC, which is likely to be explained by the high mean age at diagnosis. Consideration of these conditions should be integral to the treatment strategy in individual patients with mCRC.

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Li, J. "The Experiences of Early Detection, Early Diagnosis and Early Treatment of Cancer in Rural Areas of China." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 49s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.60300.

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Background: The cancers of the lung, liver, stomach, esophagus, colorectum and nasopharynx account for more than 70% of the causes of cancer death, making them the major cancer burdens in China. The early detection and treatment of cancers including lung, liver, stomach, esophagus, colorectum and nasopharynx was supported by the central government special financial transfer payment in the rural areas in 2006-2017. Aim: To improve the efficiency of early diagnosis and early treatment to reduce cancer mortality and incidence in the population in China. Methods: Cancer screening methods developed by Group of Expert Committee of Cancer Foundation of China were used, including digestive tract endoscopy for stomach and esophageal and colorectal cancer, LDCT for lung cancer, AFP and abdominal ultrasound for liver cancer, EB virus antibody detection and nasal endoscopy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Results: Among the cancers of lung, liver, stomach, esophagus, colorectum and nasopharynx, the screening high risk population were 55,363; 126,443; 103,3036; 1,425,642; 252,911; and 79,726 respectively; and the screening detection rates of precancerous lesions and cancer were 0.62%, 0.66%, 0.87%, 1.62%, 5.29% and 0.49% respectively; and the early diagnosis rates were 47.80%, 60.86%, 71.24%, 73.38%, 91.85% and 64.43% respectively; and the treatment rates were 83.28%, 90.33%, 87.94%, 82.91%, 94.04% and 95.88% respectively. Conclusion: The programs for early detection and early treatment of colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer demonstrated a promising benefit, which should be generalized to broad population implementation.

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Simon, Michael S., Rowan T. Chlebowski, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Karen C. Johnson, Andrew Muskovitz, Ikuko Kato, Alicia Young, F. Allan Hubbell, and Ross L. Prentice. "Estrogen Plus Progestin and Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 32 (November 10, 2012): 3983–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.42.7732.

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Purpose During the intervention phase in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial, use of estrogen plus progestin reduced the colorectal cancer diagnosis rate, but the cancers were found at a substantially higher stage. To assess the clinical relevance of the findings, analyses of the influence of combined hormone therapy on colorectal cancer incidence and colorectal cancer mortality were conducted after extended follow-up. Patients and Methods The WHI study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 16,608 postmenopausal women with an intact uterus who were randomly assigned to daily 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogen plus 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (n = 8,506) or matching placebo (n = 8,102). Colorectal cancer diagnosis rates and colorectal cancer mortality were assessed. Results After a mean of 5.6 years (standard deviation [SD], 1.03 years) of intervention and 11.6 years (SD, 3.1 years) of total follow-up, fewer colorectal cancers were diagnosed in the combined hormone therapy group compared with the placebo group (diagnoses/year, 0.12% v 0.16%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.72; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.94; P = .014). Bowel screening examinations were comparable between groups throughout. Cancers in the combined hormone therapy group more commonly had positive lymph nodes (50.5% v 28.6%; P < .001) and were at higher stage (regional or distant, 68.8% v 51.4%; P = .003). Although not statistically significant, there was a higher number of colorectal cancer deaths in the combined hormone therapy group (37 v 27 deaths; 0.04% v 0.03%; HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.78 to 2.11; P = .320). Conclusion The findings, suggestive of diagnostic delay, do not support a clinically meaningful benefit for combined hormone therapy on colorectal cancer.

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Irvine, E. Jan, and Richard H. Hunt. "Screening and Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 2, no. 3 (1988): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1988/892952.

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Colorectal cancer is the second most common tumour in North American men and women. From present understanding of the pathogenesis and natural history of large bowel cancer, theoretically at least, the prevalence rate could be significantly decreased with careful application of simple screening measures and appropriately directed diagnostic tests. Until results of randomized controlled trials are available, it is important to recognize the pitfalls of mass screening or of substituting screening for proper investigative procedures. One possible approach co the diagnosis of colorectal cancer is outlined.

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Phipps, Amanda, Xabier Garcia-Albeniz, Carolyn Hutter, Emily White, Charles S. Fuchs, Hongmei Nan, Ulrike Peters, Polly A. Newcomb, and Andrew T. Chan. "Known colorectal cancer susceptibility loci and survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2012): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.394.

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394 Background: Beyond clinicopathologic stage, there are few established markers of prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent genome-wide association studies have identified 17 germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with incident CRC. However, it is unclear if these CRC susceptibility SNPs influence survival after CRC diagnosis. Although the functionality of many of these SNPs remains unknown, a few, including rs4939827 in SMAD7, map to genes with plausible biological mechanisms associated with both cancer risk and prognosis. We examined 17 CRC susceptibility SNPs in relation to survival after CRC diagnosis. Methods: We genotyped 2,611 men and women enrolled in five prospective cohort studies who were diagnosed with invasive CRC during study follow-up: the Physicians’ Health Study (N=281), Health Professionals Follow-up Study (N=268), Nurses’ Health Study (N=367), Vitamins and Lifestyle Study (N=281), and the Women’s Health Initiative (N=1414). Analyses were limited to Caucasians with known vital status, cause of death, and survival time. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to assess associations between each SNP and CRC-specific and overall survival in study-specific models adjusted for age, sex, and stage; SNPs were modeled additively to reflect associations per copy of the minor allele. Study-specific results were combined via fixed-effects meta-analysis. Results: The G allele in rs4939827 was associated with poorer CRC-specific survival [hazard ratio (HR)=1.16, p=0.02] and overall survival (HR=1.13, p=0.03) in CRC patients. The A alleles in rs10795668 and in rs4925386 were associated with a 1.14-fold increased risk of overall mortality (both p-values=0.03) but not CRC-specific mortality. Other evaluated SNPs were not associated with survival. Conclusions: Genetic variation in rs4939827 (SMAD7) is associated with CRC-specific and overall survival. These results suggest that SMAD7 may have a role in CRC progression, and provide proof-of-principle that common germline variation may provide prognostic information beyond traditional considerations such as stage.

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Beart, R. W. Jr. "Diagnosis and management of recurrent colorectal cancer." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 55, no. 3 (2008): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0803025b.

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Justification for the management of recurrent colorectal cancer begins with proof that the ultimate outcome measured by survival can be influenced. To do this, we must prove there is value to follow up of colorectal cancer patients. Without follow up, the management of recurrent cancer is limited.

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Zhu, Guannan, Zijun Wu, Su Lui, Na Hu, and Min Wu. "Advances in Imaging Modalities and Contrast Agents for the Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 17, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 558–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2021.3064.

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Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. The mortality rate of colorectal cancer has declined by more than 20% due to the rapid development of early diagnostic techniques and effective treatment. At present, there are many diagnostic modalities available for the evaluation of colorectal cancer, such as the carcinoembryonic antigen test, the fecal occult blood test, endoscopy, X-ray barium meal, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and radionuclide examination. Sensitive and specific imaging modalities have played an increasingly important role in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer following the rapid development of novel contrast agents. This review discusses the applications and challenges of different imaging techniques and contrast agents applied to detect colorectal cancer, for the purpose of the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with colorectal cancer.

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20

Park, In Ja. "Direction of diagnosis and treatment improvement in colorectal cancer." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 65, no. 9 (September 10, 2022): 540–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2022.65.9.540.

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Background: Cancer is a major public health problem and the leading cause of death in Korea since 2000. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Therefore, early detection through screening, surgical techniques improvement, anticancer drugs, adjuvant treatment, and medical resources advancement is important to reduce colorectal cancer-related mortality.Current Concepts: In Korea, the 5-year relative survival rate of patients with colorectal cancer is approximately mid-70%, which is superior to other developed countries, such as the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan, with 60% to 68% because of the well performed screening program and technical improvement. Efforts are underway to conduct active endoscopic treatment for early colorectal cancer and identify cases requiring surgery. Minimally invasive surgery has evolved beyond conventional applications into disease-specific methods, and the robotic system has an important role for evolvement. Performing metastatic colorectal cancer efforts is necessary to improve the survival rate through active surgical treatment and gene therapy.Discussion and Conclusion: Eventually, the role of the patient’s genetic information in diagnosing and treating colorectal cancer is expected to increase. In some cases, diagnosing colorectal cancer using a non-invasive method is already realized. Active surgical treatment based on personal characteristics contributes in improving the treatment outcomes for difficult-to-treat metastatic colorectal cancer. After the period of overall colorectal cancer treatment results improvement, we will undertake the precision treatment era.

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Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A., Edward L. Giovannucci, Michelle D. Holmes, Andrew T. Chan, Jennifer A. Chan, Graham A. Colditz, and Charles S. Fuchs. "Physical Activity and Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 22 (August 1, 2006): 3527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.06.0855.

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Purpose Physically active individuals have a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer but the influence of exercise on cancer survival is unknown. Patients and Methods By a prospective, observational study of 573 women with stage I to III colorectal cancer, we studied colorectal cancer–specific and overall mortality according to predefined physical activity categories before and after diagnosis and by change in activity after diagnosis. To minimize bias by occult recurrences, we excluded women who died within 6 months of their postdiagnosis physical activity assessment. Results Increasing levels of exercise after diagnosis of nonmetastatic colorectal cancer reduced cancer-specific mortality (P for trend = .008) and overall mortality (P for trend = .003). Compared with women who engaged in less than 3 metabolic equivalent task [MET] -hours per week of physical activity, those engaging in at least 18 MET-hours per week had an adjusted hazard ratio for colorectal cancer–specific mortality of 0.39 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.82) and an adjusted hazard ratio for overall mortality of 0.43 (95% CI, 0.25 to 0.74). These results remained unchanged even after excluding women who died within 12 and 24 months of activity assessment. Prediagnosis physical activity was not predictive of mortality. Women who increased their activity (when comparing prediagnosis to postdiagnosis values) had a hazard ratio of 0.48 (95% CI, 0.24 to 0.97) for colorectal cancer deaths and a hazard ratio of 0.51 (95% CI, 0.30 to 0.85) for any-cause death, compared with those with no change in activity. Conclusion Recreational physical activity after the diagnosis of stages I to III colorectal cancer may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer–specific and overall mortality.

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Chan, Jennifer A., Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Andrew T. Chan, Edward L. Giovannucci, Graham A. Colditz, and Charles S. Fuchs. "Hormone Replacement Therapy and Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 36 (December 20, 2006): 5680–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.08.0580.

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Purpose Postmenopausal estrogen use has been shown to decrease the incidence of colorectal cancer, but there is limited information regarding the effect of estrogen use on survival after diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Participants and Methods We examined the influence of postmenopausal estrogen use on mortality among 834 women participating in the Nurses' Health Study who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 1976 and 2000 and observed until death or June 2004, whichever came first. Colorectal cancer–specific mortality and overall mortality according to categories of hormone use were assessed. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for other risk factors for cancer survival. Results Postmenopausal estrogen use before diagnosis of colorectal cancer was associated with significant reduction in mortality. Compared with women with no prior estrogen use, those reporting current use before diagnosis had an adjusted HR of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.47 to 0.88) for colorectal cancer–specific mortality and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.56 to 0.97) for overall mortality. This inverse association between hormone use and mortality was most evident among women whose duration of use was less than 5 years. Longer durations and past use were not associated with significant survival benefit. Assessment of estrogen use after diagnosis demonstrated similar findings. Conclusion Current postmenopausal estrogen use before diagnosis of colorectal cancer was associated with improved colorectal cancer–specific and overall mortality. This benefit was principally limited to women who initiated estrogens within 5 years of diagnosis. Additional efforts to understand mechanisms through which estrogens influence colorectal carcinogenesis and cancer progression seem warranted.

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Fedorenko, Catherine R., Karma L. Kreizenbeck, Li Li, Laura Elizabeth Panattoni, Veena Shankaran, and Scott David Ramsey. "Stage at cancer diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in western Washington state." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2021): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.145.

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145 Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted medical care, including routine cancer screening for breast, colorectal, lung and cervical cancers. We aimed to investigate the impact of the pandemic on stage at diagnosis for cancer patients. Methods: Using data from the Washington State SEER records we compared AJCC stage for patients diagnosed with cancer in 2017-2019 to 2020 for two time periods, March to June (initial pandemic months) and July to December (later pandemic months). Patients were included if they were age 18+, diagnosed with a solid tumor, and not diagnosed at autopsy. Results: In the early phase of the pandemic, March – June 2020, there was a shift to cancers being diagnosed at a later stage compared to the same time period in 2017-2019 (Stage III: 13.5% to 14.9%, Stage IV: 16.2% to 19.7%). There was also a decrease in cancer diagnoses for cancers that are often detected through routine screening. As a percentage of all cancer diagnoses, both melanoma (13.2% to 9.8%) and colon cancer diagnoses (7.2% to. 6.7%) decreased during the early pandemic. In the later phase of the pandemic, July to December 2020, the stage at diagnosis showed an indication of returning to pre-pandemic levels with an increase in the proportion of early stage cancers (In situ: 16.6% to 19.3%, Stage I: 38.8% to 41.1%). Stage at diagnosis trends varied by tumor type. For colorectal cancer, the overall number of diagnoses decreased during the initial pandemic months. Stage I diagnoses decreased and Stage IV cancer diagnoses increased in both early and late stages of the pandemic. Conclusions: In Washington State, the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on stage at diagnosis potentially caused by delays or interruptions in medical care. Additional studies are needed to understand how this shift in stage at diagnosis impacted treatment and outcomes for patients.

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KARIYA, JUN. "X-ray diagnosis of colorectal cancer." Nippon Daicho Komonbyo Gakkai Zasshi 41, no. 4 (1988): 446–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3862/jcoloproctology.41.446.

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Maruyama, M. "Radiographic diagnosis of early colorectal cancer." Nippon Daicho Komonbyo Gakkai Zasshi 41, no. 7 (1988): 873–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3862/jcoloproctology.41.873.

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26

Vega, Pablo, Fátima Valentín, and Joaquín Cubiella. "Colorectal cancer diagnosis: Pitfalls and opportunities." World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 7, no. 12 (2015): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v7.i12.422.

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27

Card, Tim, and Richard Logan. "Colorectal Cancer: Prevention and Early Diagnosis." Medicine 31, no. 2 (February 2003): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/medc.31.2.60.28604.

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&NA;. "Calculator to improve colorectal cancer diagnosis." Oncology Times UK 9, no. 8 (August 2012): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.otu.0000418753.41012.19.

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White, Victoria, and Richard Miller. "Colorectal cancer: prevention and early diagnosis." Medicine 35, no. 6 (June 2007): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2007.03.001.

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Dennis, Robert, Samson Tou, and Richard Miller. "Colorectal cancer: prevention and early diagnosis." Medicine 39, no. 5 (May 2011): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2011.02.012.

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Bhat, Shivaram K., and James E. East. "Colorectal cancer: prevention and early diagnosis." Medicine 43, no. 6 (June 2015): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2015.03.009.

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Stockenhuber, Krista, and James E. East. "Colorectal cancer: prevention and early diagnosis." Medicine 47, no. 7 (July 2019): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2019.04.001.

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Gerard, A., and H. Bleiberg. "Delay in diagnosis of colorectal cancer." European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology 23, no. 8 (August 1987): 1089–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-5379(87)90137-4.

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Yabunaka, Koichi, Hiroya Fukui, Shinji Tamate, Yuji Kajiyama, Takeshi Uemichi, Gentarou Nakatani, Masayuki Fujioka, and Tsunemasa Fukutomi. "Ultrasonographic diagnosis of advanced colorectal cancer." Journal of Medical Ultrasonics 30, no. 3 (September 2003): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02481221.

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Kajiwara Saito, Mari, Toshitaka Morishima, Chaochen Ma, Shihoko Koyama, and Isao Miyashiro. "Diagnosis and treatment of digestive cancers during COVID-19 in Japan: A Cancer Registry-based Study on the Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Care in Osaka (CanReCO)." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 20, 2022): e0274918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274918.

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Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected cancer care in Japan, but the detailed impact on cancer diagnosis and treatment is not well-understood. We aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on digestive cancer care in Osaka Prefecture, which has a population of 8.8 million. Methods We conducted a multi-center cohort study, using hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR) data linked to administrative data from 66 designated cancer care hospitals in Osaka. Records of patients diagnosed with cancer of the stomach, colorectum, esophagus, liver, gallbladder or pancreas were extracted from the HBCR data. Baseline characteristics, such as the number of diagnoses, routes to diagnosis and clinical stage, were compared between patients diagnosed in 2019 and those in 2020. We also compared treatment patterns such as the number of treatments (operations, endoscopic surgeries, chemotherapies, radiotherapies), pathological stage and time to treatment for each digestive cancer. Results In total, 62,609 eligible records were identified. The number of diagnoses decreased in 2020, ranging from -1.9% for pancreatic cancer to -12.7% for stomach cancer. Screen-detected cases decreased in stomach and colorectal cancer. The percentage of clinical stage III slightly increased across different cancers, although it was only significant for colorectal cancer. Among 52,741 records analyzed for treatment patterns, the relative decrease in radiotherapy was larger than for other treatments. The median time from diagnosis to operation was shortened by 2–5 days, which coincided with the decrease in operations. Conclusion The impact of COVID-19 on cancer care in 2020 was relatively mild compared with other countries but was apparent in Osaka. Further investigation is needed to determine the most affected populations.

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Merchea, Amit, Faisal Shahjehan, Kristopher P. Croome, Jordan J. Cochuyt, Zhuo Li, Dorin T. Colibaseanu, and Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi. "Colorectal Cancer Characteristics and Outcomes after Solid Organ Transplantation." Journal of Oncology 2019 (February 28, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5796108.

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Background. Individuals after solid organ transplant may develop secondary malignancies. In our clinical practice, we noted an increasing number of individuals who developed colorectal cancers after solid organ transplantation. The primary aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of the patients who developed colorectal cancer after solid organ transplant. Materials and Methods. Data was gathered and merged from several registries at Mayo Clinic to identify all patients who received a diagnosis of colon or rectal cancer and solid organ transplant. Continuous variables were summarized as mean (standard deviation) and median (range), while categorical variables were reported as frequency (percentage). Time to colorectal cancer after transplant and overall survival after cancer diagnosis were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. Results. Initially, 115 colorectal cancer patients who also had a transplant were identified. The diagnosis of colorectal cancer was noted after solid organ transplant in 63 patients. The mean age at transplant was 57 years. Majority had received a kidney transplant (44.4%) followed by liver (36.5%). The median time to develop colorectal cancer was 59.3 months (range: 4.4-251.4 months). 15 (24.6%) were stage 4 at diagnosis and 13 (21.3%) had stage 3 colorectal cancer. Median overall survival was 30.8 months; 5-, 10- and 15-year survival were noted to be 42.5%, 17.9%, and 7.5%, respectively. None of the stage 4 patients were alive at 5 years; 5-year survival rate for stage 1, 2, and 3 patients was 77%, 50%, and 42%, respectively. Conclusions. Our study reports on one of the largest cohorts of patients of colorectal cancer that developed the cancer after solid organ transplant. Survival is extremely poor for advanced cases. However, long-term survivors are noted who developed the cancer at a relatively early stage. Colorectal screening recommendations may need to be revised for patients after solid organ transplant.

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Robertson, John M. "Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer: Colorectal Cancer." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 79, no. 5 (April 2011): 1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.11.044.

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Ferrara, Gerardo, Ludovica De Vincentiis, Andrea Ambrosini-Spaltro, Mattia Barbareschi, Valentina Bertolini, Edgardo Contato, Filippo Crivelli, et al. "Cancer Diagnostic Delay in Northern and Central Italy During the 2020 Lockdown Due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 155, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa177.

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Abstract Objectives We performed data collection concerning the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related delay in the diagnosis of cancers to individuate proper corrective procedures. Methods A comparison was made among the number of first pathologic diagnoses of malignancy made from weeks 11 to 20 of 2018, 2019, and 2020 at seven anatomic pathology units serving secondary care hospitals in northern-central Italy. Results Cancer diagnoses fell in 2020 by 44.9% compared with the average number recorded in 2018 and 2019. Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer represented 56.7% of all missing diagnoses. The diagnostic decrease in colorectal (–46.6%), prostate (–45%), and bladder (–43.6%) cancer was the most relevant among internal malignancies; for prostate, however, high-grade tumors were only moderately affected (–21.7%). Conclusions Diagnosis of cutaneous malignancies was mostly affected by the lockdown; among internal malignancies, corrective actions were mostly needed for colorectal cancer and invasive bladder cancer.

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Liang, Xiaoyun, Michael Hendryx, Lihong Qi, Dorothy Lane, and Juhua Luo. "Association between prediagnosis depression and mortality among postmenopausal women with colorectal cancer." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): e0244728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244728.

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Background There are no epidemiologic data on the relation of depression before colorectal cancer diagnosis to colorectal cancer mortality among women with colorectal cancer, especially those who are postmenopausal. Our aim was to fill this research gap. Methods We analyzed data from a large prospective cohort in the US, the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI). The study included 2,396 women with incident colorectal cancer, assessed for depressive symptoms and antidepressant use before cancer diagnosis at baseline (screening visit in the WHI study) during 1993–1998. Participants were followed up from cancer diagnosis till 2018. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) between depression (depressive symptoms or antidepressant use) at baseline, and all-cause mortality and colorectal cancer-specific mortality. Results Among women with colorectal cancer, there was no association between baseline depression and all-cause mortality or colorectal cancer-specific mortality after adjusting for age or multiple covariates. Conclusion Among women with colorectal cancer, there was no statistically significant association between depression before colorectal cancer diagnosis and all-cause mortality or colorectal cancer-specific mortality. Further studies are warranted to assess depressive symptoms and antidepressant use, measured at multiple points from baseline to diagnosis, and their interactions with specific types of colorectal cancer treatment on the risk of death from colorectal cancer.

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Zell, Jason A., Jane Honda, Argyrios Ziogas, and Hoda Anton-Culver. "Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis Is Associated with Colorectal Cancer Family History." Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 17, no. 11 (November 2008): 3134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0587.

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Shvorob, D. S., T. I. Shevchenko, and R. B. Kondratyk. "Diagnosis of molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer using immunohistochemistry." CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY 10, no. 3 (2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31088/cem2021.10.3.14-20.

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Colorectal cancer ranks third in the morbidity structure among all malignant tumors and includes sporadic and hereditary neoplasms. Cancer genome sequencing has revealed numerous mutation variants that determine the ways colorectal carcinoma progresses. The course, prognosis, and management strategy of the disease vary greatly depending on the subtype of a molecular tumor. This literature review discusses the latest data on the variants of colorectal cancer oncogenesis and presents the phenotypic model classification based on them. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is suggested for determining the individual tumor characteristics. The article also clarifies the Bethesda panel used to detect microsatellite instability, markers for Lynch syndrome, and a list of IHC markers for determining the phenotypic model of colorectal carcinoma. Keywords: colorectal cancer, phenotypic models, consensus molecular subtypes (CMS), immunohisto-chemistry, Bethesda panel, Lynch syndrome

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Shvorob, D. S., T. I. Shevchenko, and R. B. Kondratyk. "Diagnosis of molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer using immunohistochemistry." CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY 10, no. 3 (2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31088/cem2021.10.3.14-20.

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Colorectal cancer ranks third in the morbidity structure among all malignant tumors and includes sporadic and hereditary neoplasms. Cancer genome sequencing has revealed numerous mutation variants that determine the ways colorectal carcinoma progresses. The course, prognosis, and management strategy of the disease vary greatly depending on the subtype of a molecular tumor. This literature review discusses the latest data on the variants of colorectal cancer oncogenesis and presents the phenotypic model classification based on them. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is suggested for determining the individual tumor characteristics. The article also clarifies the Bethesda panel used to detect microsatellite instability, markers for Lynch syndrome, and a list of IHC markers for determining the phenotypic model of colorectal carcinoma. Keywords: colorectal cancer, phenotypic models, consensus molecular subtypes (CMS), immunohisto-chemistry, Bethesda panel, Lynch syndrome

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Lewandowska, Anna, Grzegorz Rudzki, Tomasz Lewandowski, Aleksandra Stryjkowska-Góra, and Sławomir Rudzki. "Title: Risk Factors for the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer." Cancer Control 29 (January 2022): 107327482110566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10732748211056692.

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Background Colorectal cancer defined as cancer of the colon or rectum, is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and the second in women, and, according to the World Health Organization database GLOBOCAN, it accounts for nearly 1.4 million new cases annually worldwide. The occurrence of colorectal cancer is associated with nonmodifiable risk factors, including age and hereditary factors, as well as with modifiable environmental and lifestyle factors. Methods The study included 800 patients, 400 diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 400 within the control group, who gave their written informed consent to participate in the study. Patients with cancer other than colorectal cancer were randomly selected for control group I, and patients with no cancer diagnosis were selected for control group II. The method used was a case-control study – an observational and analytical study with a control group, conducted among patients of the Clinical Oncology Centre and the Provincial Hospital in the years 2019–2020. The study comparing the exposure was carried out in a group of people who developed the endpoint, that is colorectal cancer, with the exposure in a well-matched group of controls who did not reach the endpoint. Assessment of activity and BMI was used according to WHO recommendations, as well as the expert system. The data were tested for the distribution and the homogeneity of variance was validated before applying the parameter tests. Comparison of quantitative variables between groups was performed using ANOVA. Results The mean age of the patients was 64.53 ± 8.86 years, of the control group I – 59.64 ± 9.33 and the control group II – 57.5 (7.83). There was a strong positive association between the incidence of ulcerative colitis and the risk of colorectal cancer ( P < .01). Among obese subjects, the risk of developing colorectal cancer was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.06–1.53) compared with nonobese subjects. A strong positive relationship was found between low physical activity converted to metabolic equivalent of MET effort per week and the risk of colorectal cancer ( P < .001). The relative risk for current smokers was 2.17 (95% CI 1.79–2.66). There was an association between higher fat consumption and higher red meat consumption and the risk of developing colorectal cancer ( P < .01). Conclusions Obesity, low physical activity, active and passive smoking and high salt and red meat consumption have been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. These findings provide further evidence of the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

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Van Blarigan, Erin L., and Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt. "Role of Physical Activity and Diet After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 16 (June 1, 2015): 1825–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.59.7799.

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This review summarizes the evidence regarding physical activity and diet after colorectal cancer diagnosis in relation to quality of life, disease recurrence, and survival. There have been extensive reports on adiposity, inactivity, and certain diets, particularly those high in red and processed meats, and increased risk of colorectal cancer. Only in the past decade have data emerged on how such lifestyle factors are associated with outcomes in colorectal cancer survivors. Prospective observational studies have consistently reported that physical activity after colorectal cancer diagnosis reduces mortality. A meta-analysis estimated that each 15 metabolic equivalent task-hour per week increase in physical activity after colorectal cancer diagnosis was associated with a 38% lower risk of mortality. No randomized controlled trials have been completed to confirm that physical activity lowers risk of mortality among colorectal cancer survivors; however, trials have shown that physical activity, including structured exercise, is safe for colorectal cancer survivors (localized to metastatic stage, during and after treatment) and improves cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function. In addition, prospective observational studies have suggested that a Western dietary pattern, high carbohydrate intake, and consuming sugar-sweetened beverages after diagnosis may increase risk of colorectal cancer recurrence and mortality, but these data are limited to single analyses from one of two US cohorts. Additional data from prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are needed. Nonetheless, on the basis of the available evidence, it is reasonable to counsel colorectal cancer survivors to engage in regular physical activity and limit consumption of refined carbohydrates, red and processed meats, and sugar-sweetened beverages.

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Coura, Renata dos Santos, Patricia Ashton-Prolla, and João Carlos Prolla. "Hereditary non-polipomatous colorectal cancer: hereditary predisposition, diagnosis and prevention." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 42, no. 2 (June 2005): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032005000200007.

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BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is the third in frequency and the second in mortality in developed countries. In Brazil, it is among the six more common malignant neoplasias. About 20% of colorectal tumors have some hereditary component. AIM: This study presents a review of genetic and clinic aspects, as well as diagnosis and prevention of the hereditary non-polipomatous colorectal cancer, that is the more frequent form of hereditary colorectal cancer. This approach is important because, currently there are possibilities of management, prevention and surveillance specific to individuals at-risk for hereditary non-polipomatous colorectal cancer that can lead to a great improvement in patients' survival and their at-risk relatives.

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IANCU, Mihaela Adela, Gabriela GANEA, Ramona Dorotea CĂLIN, Irina Anca EREMIA, Adriana TICĂRĂU, Camelia Cristina DIACONU, and Dumitru MATEI. "The role of the family doctor in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2021.3.2.

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The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing. It is currently the third most common cancer, after lung and breast cancer. Despite the increased incidence, recent advances in early detection, performing the screening according to the recommendations and treatment options have reduced colorectal cancer mortality. The role of the family doctor is to advise and to identify non-modifiable risk factors (age, male sex, race, family history, inflammatory bowel disease) as well as modifiable ones (tobacco consumption, low-fiber, high-fat and high carbohydrate diet, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity), in order to avoid these risk factors by developing a personalized plan for the prevention and early detection of colorectal cancer depending on the individual risk. Genetic testing and a more comprehensive family history documentation by the family doctor can enable those with a hereditary predisposition for the colorectal cancer to take preventive measures. Applying evidence-based prevention strategies reduces the prognosis of colorectal cancer and reduces mortality. Colorectal cancer has an increased survival rate if diagnosed early and treated properly.

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Peters, H. Charles, Xiuli Liu, Atif Iqbal, Lisa A. Cunningham, and Sanda A. Tan. "Colorectal Cancer Metastasis to the Thymus Gland: Rare Presentation of Colorectal Cancer as Anterior Mediastinal Mass." Case Reports in Surgery 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6581965.

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Despite improved screening modalities, 15–25% of newly diagnosed colorectal cancers are metastatic at the time of diagnosis. The vast majority of these cases present as hepatic metastasis; however, 22% present with concomitant extrahepatic disease. The thymus gland is an uncommon site of metastasis for any primary malignancy, particularly, colorectal cancer given its vascular and lymphatic drainage. This case report details our experience with a rare case of colorectal cancer metastasis to the thymus gland presenting as a symptomatic mediastinal mass.

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Mojica, Cynthia M., Beth A. Glenn, Cindy Chang, and Roshan Bastani. "The Relationship between Neighborhood Immigrant Composition, Limited English Proficiency, and Late-Stage Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis in California." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/460181.

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Despite the availability of effective early detection technologies, more than half (61%) of colorectal cancers in the United States and 55% in California are identified at an advanced stage. Data on colorectal cancer patients (N=35,030) diagnosed from 2005 to 2007 were obtained from the California Cancer Registry. Multivariate analyses found a relationship among neighborhood concentration of recent immigrants, neighborhood rates of limited English proficiency, and late-stage colorectal cancer diagnosis. Hispanics living in neighborhoods with a greater percentage of recent immigrants (compared to the lowest percentage) had greater odds (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.22, 2.02) of late-stage diagnosis whereas Hispanics living in neighborhoods with the highest percentage of limited English proficiency (compared to the lowest percentage) had lower odds (OR .71, 95% CI .51, .99) of late-stage diagnosis. These relationships were not observed for other ethnic groups. Results highlight the complex relationship among race/ethnicity, neighborhood characteristics, and colorectal cancer stage at diagnosis.

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Stoyanov, Vladislav, and Svetlana Bezhanova. "CHALLENGES IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH COLORECTAL CANCER AND COVID-19 COINFECTION - CASE REPORT." SDRP Journal of Anesthesia & Surgery 3, no. 2 (2021): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25177/jas.3.2.ra.10718.

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Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) are more likely to become infected with COVID-19 than healthy individuals. The risk of comlications and death in COVID-19 positive colorectal cancer patients is higher due to treatments that suppress the immune system. We discuss a 71-year-old woman with a history of metastatic rectal cancer and underwent surgery and chemotherapy. With no clinical feathers of an acute abdomen or COVID-19 infection. Further researches are needed to rule out if COVID-19 can mask clinical and biological features presentation in cancer patients. Keywords: metastatic colorectal cancer, COVID-19 infection, surgical treatment

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Nuray Sever, Özlem, Gökmen Aktaş, Başar Aksoy, and Mustafa Yıldırım. "CLINICAL FACTORS PREDICTING RESPONSE TO REGORAFENIB IN METASTATIC COLORECTAL CANCER." Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences 9, no. 20 (March 25, 2022): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.924.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common disease with high mortality. Regorafenib (Stivarga ®) is an oral small molecule, multiple kinase inhibitor approved worldwide for use in metastatic colorectal cancer. In our study, clinical factors predicting response to regorafenib were investigated. Patients who applied to Gaziantep Medical Park Hospital and Sanko University Medical Faculty Hospital Medical Oncology outpatient clinic between 2010-2021 with the diagnosis of mCRC and using regorafenib were included in the study. Electronic medical records of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS version 15.0 software. A total of 20 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer using regorafenib in the third or fourth line therapy were included in the study. Overall, 15 (75%) patients had liver metastases. The median overall survival of the patients was 25.5 months (95% Confidence Interval (CI), 24.1-26.8). Overall survival was not significantly associated with sex, ECOG performance status score, de novo metastatic disease status, smoking status and weight loss history (p=0.139, p=0.240, p=0.173, p=0.911, p=0.923, respectively). A significant association was found between the presence of liver metastasis and survival (p=0.036). The median overall survival was 40.3 months (95% CI, 0-92.6) in patients without liver metastases, and 25 months (95% CI: 13.8-36.2) in patients with liver metastases. In this retrospective study investigating the factors affecting the survival of patients using regorafenib with the diagnosis of mCRC, the presence of liver metastasis was found to be associated with a poor prognosis.

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