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1
Burnes, Judith C. Colorado Chapter 1 evaluation report: 1979-80 through 1984-85. [Denver: Colorado Dept. of Education, 1986.
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2
Symposium, Friends of Mineralogy Colorado Chapter. Photography of mineralogical, paleontological, and archaeological specimens: Symposium short papers presented at the Friends of Mineralogy, Colorado Chapter 7th Symposium, "Successful photography of gems, minerals, fossils, and artifacts," Ricketson Auditorium, Denver Museum of Natural History, City Park, Denver, Colorado, October 28, 1989. Denver, Colo: The Museum, 1989.
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American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education., ed. Toxic torts and products liability, compensatory and punitive damages, insurance coverage disputes, legal malpractice, Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, and civil litigation: July 14-16, 1988, Snowmass Conference Center, Snowmass Village, Colorado : ALI-ABA course of study materials. Philadelphia, Pa: American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education, 1988.
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Berger, Dechter Barbara A., ed. The Raleigh Chapter: A documentary history of the NAACP and community politics in Raleigh, North Carolina. Raleigh, N.C: Barjoti, Inc, Pub., 2007.
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5
Demon's Angel: Satan's Devils MC Colorado Chapter. Trish Haill Associates, 2019.
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Marguerite memories: One hundred years of P.E.O. in Colorado. [Colorado]: Colorado State Chapter, P.E.O. Sisterhood, 2003.
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Restoration, creation and management of wetland and riparian ecosystems in the American West: A symposium of the Rocky Mountain Chapter of the Society of Wetland Scientists, November 14-16, 1988, Denver, Colorado. Denver, CO: PIC Technologies [distributor, 1989.
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Miner, Kathy. The Journey is Our Home: Colorado Chapters Book Three. Kathrin Miner Anders, 2016.
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9
Pollack, Howard. The Ballad of Baby Doe. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190458294.003.0023.
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The libretto to the opera The Ballad of Baby Doe, with music by Douglas Moore, was Latouche’s crowning achievement. A dramatization of the true love triangle involving the nineteenth-century Colorado silver king Horace Tabor and his two wives, Augusta Tabor and Elizabeth “Baby Doe” Tabor, the work premiered in Colorado shortly before the lyricist’s death, and became one of the most successful works in the American operatic canon. This chapter considers the work’s historical accuracy, with regard to Latouche’s libretto, and its musical and poetic essence, as well as some consideration of its critical reception.
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Gough, Peter, and Peggy Seeger. “Spit, Baling Wire, Mirrors” and the WPA. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039041.003.0005.
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This chapter focuses on the Musical Projects in Colorado, Utah, Oregon and Washington. The intermountain states of Colorado and Utah and the Pacific northwestern states of Oregon and Washington all maintained Federal Music Project (FMP) programs. These FMP programs strove, to varying degrees, to integrate indigenous themes and folksong into their musical repertoire. While none experienced the confrontations with the federal or regional administrations that Arizona or New Mexico did, or the unceasing internal squabbling of California, all demonstrated a desire for agency and autonomy in their musical productions. These programs also reflected the regional and musical complexion of their individual states. Indeed, the goals of the individual programs and the resultant power plays between local, state, and national administrations—as well as the subsequent compromises and adjustments—determined the direction of Federal Music in each of these projects.
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Wilder, Margaret, and Helen Ingram. Knowing Equity When We See It. Edited by Ken Conca and Erika Weinthal. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199335084.013.11.
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This chapter argues for a greater commitment to water equity and a transformation of water governance. Marrying contradictory principles flawed the global water governance paradigm that emerged in the 1990s. Efficiency and equity are often incompatible, and unequal power relations are embedded in many longstanding water institutions and concepts. The chapter suggests that the epistemology of water and the vocabulary and fundamental concepts used to understand water, including its socio-nature and close relation with politics, must be transformed. It introduces five “directional principles” to guide thinking about a transformational governance. It also reviews these principles in light of four real-world cases. Decades of water scholarship provide a critical lens to search for equity, but recognizing equity when it occurs in specific contexts, such as the Colorado River Delta or the city of Detroit, where new networks have emerged to challenge existing rules and power relations, is also vital.
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Krikun, Andy. “Perilous Blessing of Leisure”. Edited by Roger Mantie and Gareth Dylan Smith. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190244705.013.10.
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This chapter provides an overview of the rationales, efforts, and results of public and private initiatives promoted by musicians, educators, government officials, businessmen, and other advocates, to encourage active music making as a leisure activity in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century. Following the establishment of professional organizations promoting community music in the early twentieth century, private industries began to sponsor musical activities as recreational for their workers. State, county, and municipal governments funded programs to create opportunities for active music making in the community. The Federal Music Project of the Works Projects Administration (1935–1939) employed thousands of musicians and music educators across the country to perform concerts, teach music classes, and create new musical organizations. The chapter concludes with a description of a survey of music making in the industrial city of Pueblo, Colorado, conducted by sociologist and music educator Max Kaplan.
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Majewski, Teresita, and Lauren E. Jelinek. Territorial and Early Statehood Periods. Edited by Barbara Mills and Severin Fowles. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199978427.013.30.
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The archaeology of the territorial and early statehood periods (1850–1917) in the American Southwest was virtually terra incognita until the advent of government-mandated archaeology in the 1960s. Subsequent work has shown that historical archaeology has much to contribute to a fuller understanding of this dynamic and formative time in U.S. history. Historical-archaeological investigations have demonstrated that although the United States formally exerted control over Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico by the last half of the nineteenth century, the interactions among its Indigenous, Spanish, and Mexican inhabitants strongly influenced the territory’s historical trajectory into the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This chapter provides a historic context and a selective overview of archaeological studies that relate to the key themes of shifting economies and cultural heterogeneity.
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Lorence, James J. Growing Up Concerned. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037559.003.0001.
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This chapter argues that what Jencks learned as a result of exploration was the hard lesson that his region had been the site of sharp labor-management confrontation in the rugged mining districts of frontier Colorado. As his awareness of historical inequities sharpened, the trajectory of what was to be an eventful life as an advocate of social justice was set in motion. Jencks' long life in the human rights movement reflected these early perceptions of the world in which he lived and the culture of which he was a product. It was also this regional growth that in the late nineteenth century had once attracted his forebears to a developing mining community, service center, health resort, and railroad junction.
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Iversen, Leslie. The Recreational Use of Cannabis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190846848.003.0007.
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Until relatively recently, the use of cannabis has occurred largely in an underground world of illegality. In most countries, cannabis is considered a dangerous narcotic. Possession of cannabis, cultivation of the cannabis plant, or trafficking are criminal offenses, some of which can carry severe penalties. Although this is the official policy of many countries (including the United States and the United Kingdom), in practice cannabis-related offenses are treated leniently. Despite legal bans, there is a large-scale prevalence of cannabis use. Although legalization has occurred in Europe and some US states, this has not led to large increases in consumption. This chapter discusses the recreational use of cannabis, including prevalence, how it is consumed, and where it comes from. It also provides snapshots of legal cannabis use in the state of Colorado and elsewhere.
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Bontemps, Arna. Recreation and Sports. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037696.003.0021.
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This chapter describes Negro recreation and sports in Illinois in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In 1847, a ten-mile foot race in Chicago was witnessed by more than 1,000 spectators. The event was won by a Canadian. Nine years later, a Negro represented Cook County at the Alton Convention of Colored Citizens of Illinois. In 1854, a skating match took place on the canal at Elmira between Patrick Brown and George Tate, a colored man. In 1874, the Chicago Evening Journal announced that “the Napoleons, a colored baseball club of St. Louis, are coming to this city to play the Uniques, also colored, for the colored championship.” Pedestrianism also interested the Negroes in the early days of Illinois. This chapter looks at Negro participation in various sports and recreational activities such as racing, cycling, cricket, baseball, football, tennis, and boxing.
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Bogue, Brad, and Robert L. Trestman. From the inside out. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0005.
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Incarceration is, by design, a stressful and dehumanizing process. Those who become incarcerated are shaped and changed by the experience in many ways. For those of us who work with people who are inmates, it can be difficult to appreciate the range and intensity of their experiences. This chapter gives voice to some of those experiences. Ten individuals currently or recently incarcerated in the Colorado prison system were interviewed. The autobiographical interviews were transcribed and core elements and themes in their own words are presented; their names and some details are changed to protect their identities. Every individual who becomes incarcerated experiences imprisonment through the lens of personal experience. There is fear and humiliation, hope and frustration, isolation and friendship. Some people persist in illegal behavior; others turn their lives around. The opportunity and challenge of correctional psychiatry is to engage people during this vulnerable period: to understand patients as people, to treat illness, reduce suffering, and help them recover their lives. We believe they speak eloquently of human struggle, coping, failure, regret, and hope.
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Rey, Terry. The Rise of Trou Coffy and the Jacmel Insurgent Theater. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625849.003.0002.
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Chapter 1, “The Rise of Trou Coffy and the Jacmel Insurgent Theater,” explains both the transatlantic sociopolitical context in which the free colored insurgencies in Saint-Domingue’s West and South Provinces emerged and the specific local social and racial tensions that drove Romaine-la-Prophétesse to lead an insurgency based on his coffee plantation in Trou Coffy, a mountain hamlet located between the cities of Jacmel and Léogâne. Trou Coffy’s raids and ultimate conquest of Jacmel are then carefully detailed, as well as its insurgents’ destruction of surrounding plantations and assaults on white populations throughout the region. The chapter also offers an original discussion of unrelated but culturally and historically relevant free colored insurgent activity around the city of Les Cayes, in the South Province. Generally speaking, the time period covered in this chapter is September 1791 to January 1792.
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Shapiro, Arthur G., and William Kistler. Color Wagon-Wheel Illusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0075.
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The wagon-wheel illusion is a well-known cinematic effect in which a wheel rotates in one direction but is perceived as rotating in the opposite direction. This effect is created by the limitations of the frame rate at which the motion is sampled. This chapter examines variants of the color wagon-wheel illusion, an effect that arises when one or more elements of the rotating wagon wheel is colored or otherwise distinguished from other elements. In the color wagon-wheel illusion, the wheel is overall perceived as moving counterclockwise, but the colored elements are perceived as moving clockwise. The chapter explores equiluminant versions of the color wagon-wheel effect to show that separable motion directions can be used to tap into different types of motion perception systems.
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Chang, Jason Oliver. Conclusion. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040863.003.0007.
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This chapter concludes the book by first reflecting on the legacy of antichinismo in Mexican culture by reflecting on the 1970s exhumation and relocation of hundreds of Chinese peoples’ graves in Mexicali, Baja California. The pervasive character of antichinismo in Mexican culture in the 1930s is traced through the substitute presidency of Ábelardo Rodríguez. Rodriguez gained national notoriety as a leading antichinista in his role as governor of Baja California. His presidency represents the ascendancy of antichinismo to an ideology of the mestizo racial state. This ideology is traced through the legal discourse and juridical formulations in Rodríguez’s policy platform. Antichinismo became a popular way to expand state power by appealing to the 1917 constitution’s social-rights mandate to protect the Mexican people. From bureaucratic reforms to a whole slate of policy areas including health, land, sex education, and nationality, antichinismo helped people define the public good. A lynching of three Chinese men in Villa Aldama is examined as an example of the racial violence inspired by state led Mexicanization. Antichinismo was strongest not when it expelled Chinese people from Mexican territory, but when it built consent for incorporation into the revolutionary government’s regimentation of economic, social, and sexual life. Antichinistas at various levels of government made mestizo nationalism a popular identity of state incorporation, one that traded social rights and state dependency for indigeneity and sovereignty. The chapter concludes by examining this process of race and state formation in Baja California during a period of agrarian unrest known as El Asalto a las Tierras in 1937 in which hundreds of Mexican people evicted thousands of Chinese farmers from lands in the Colorado River basin.
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Bontemps, Arna. Professions. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037696.003.0017.
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This chapter discusses some of the professions practiced by the Negroes in Illinois during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In I. C. Harris's Colored Men's Professional and Business Directory of Chicago, published in 1885, one teacher, four physicians, and eight lawyers are documented. One of the physicians was a woman. There was no record of Negro dentists, librarians, or social service workers at the time. In 1942, colored librarians were employed at Wendell Phillips High School, Du Sable High School, and Medill High School, while several Negroes were part of the staff of the Chicago Public Library. This chapter considers Negro workers working in a variety of fields such as social service, including Dixie Brooks, Faith Jefferson Jones, and Bernice McIntosh; medicine, like Dr. Ida Nelson Rollins; and law, including those who belonged to the Cook County Bar Association.
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Lindsey, Treva B. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252041020.003.0001.
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In search of greater educational, employment, social, political, and cultural opportunities, many African American women migrated to Washington with formerly unimaginable aspirations and expectations for themselves. Colored No More establishes this search as formative to a New Negro ethos.The introductory chapter defines “New Negro” and constructs a gender-specific understanding of this historical era and identity, while introducing Washington as both a unique and a representative site for the emergence of New Negro womanhood. Challenging the temporal primacy on the Interwar period in New Negro studies, the introduction asserts the importance of examining the lives of African American women to revisit how we conceptualize the “New Negro.” This chapter also deconstructs our understanding of “colored” as simply a racial marker- gender mattered in how Blackness was experienced during the New Negro era. In search of greater educational, employment, social, political, and cultural opportunities, many African American women migrated to Washington with formerly unimaginable aspirations and expectations for themselves.
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Campney, Brent M. S. “Sowing the Seed of Hatred and Prejudice”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039508.003.0008.
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This chapter chronicles how white businessmen and workers conspired to push blacks to the margins of the economy. In the last decade of the nineteenth century and particularly in the first decade of the twentieth, white conservatives faced a political reality highly conducive to their success. Reflecting on the growth of Jim Crow in the first decade of the twentieth century, an observer declared that the objective was “to set the colored people back a hundred years in their progress.” Thus, the chapter explores issues surrounding segregation in schools, businesses, and residential areas; racial intermarriages; and other instances of preventing blacks from attaining economic and political advancement. At the same time the chapter also documents a burgeoning civil rights movement.
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Guzmán, Will. The Lure of El Paso, 1910–1919. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038921.003.0003.
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This chapter describes a new period in Nixon's life as well as the storied history of Blacks in El Paso. Nixon would settle in this city alongside his childhood friend Le Roy White and practice his medicine there for the next fifty years. His time in El Paso would prove to be an eventful one, as he encountered, among other things, the start of the Mexican Revolution, Jim Crow, the local chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), World War I, and an epidemic outbreak which would take the life his wife, Esther Nixon. In addition, living in El Paso would also drive him to become more civically and politically active over time.
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Schumaker, Kathryn. Troublemakers. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479875139.001.0001.
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This book examines the development of elementary and secondary students’ constitutional rights between 1964 and 1984 and its relationship to efforts to secure racial justice at school during the desegregation era. The first three chapters cover case studies that provide the local context for students’ rights litigation that originated in Mississippi; Denver, Colorado; and Columbus, Ohio. Each case study focuses on a particular area of students’ rights, such as free speech, equal protection, and due process, and provides an examination of how student protestrelated to civil rights and Chicano Movement activism contributed to litigation. The final two chapters provide a national view of the effects that these cases had on students’ rights law more generally, including the rights related to bilingual education, equal educational opportunities, and access to education for students with disabilities. The book also explores students’ rights in relation to school discipline, including the areas of corporal punishment, privacy, and suspensions and expulsions. The book argues that, as the courts developed the principles that determine when and why students gain rights protections, they did so in ways that undermined the initial goals of the black and Chicano student activists who set these lawsuits into motion.This book therefore offers a critical approach to these developments in American constitutional law and concludes by pointing to the ways in which the law contributes to persistent racial inequities in education.
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McLeod, Jacqueline A. Persona Non Grata. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036576.003.0006.
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This chapter considers Jane Bolin's service within the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), her relationship with the NAACP's national leadership, and how she became “persona non grata” to an organization with which she was affiliated since childhood. By examining Bolin's membership and leadership in the New York branch, the chapter uncovers her philosophy of leadership and its authority over her abrupt resignation from the NAACP in 1950. Such an examination would enrich any analysis of a NAACP leadership model and even complicate the tendency to essentialize early black leadership. The key point here is not about how an independently vocal female African American jurist rose to prominence in the NAACP, but how and why she plummeted to the depths of its disregard.
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Foley, Barbara. All the Dead Generations. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038440.003.0004.
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This chapter illustrates how Toomer appears to have gleaned about his family's history while he was conceiving and creating Cane. This material features the fabulous fortune gained and lost by his father, Nathan Toomer, on the death of his second wife, the Georgia heiress Amanda America Dickson, said to be the “richest colored woman in America.” It also involves a near-Gothic narrative of attempted seduction and rape of his half-sister, Mamie Toomer, by her stepbrother, Charles Dickson. This buried family history gave rise to a complex admixture of shame and guilt that compounded Toomer's already conflicted consciousness as a pro-socialist radical born into Washington's light-skinned Negro aristocracy.
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McKinlay Gardner, R. J., and David J. Amor. Elements of Medical Cytogenetics. Edited by R. J. McKinlay Gardner and David J. Amor. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199329007.003.0001.
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Chromosome is a combination of Greek words meaning colored (chrom) body (soma). Albeit that molecular methodologies have substantially taken over from classical cytogenetics, and providing a different view of the genetic material, the word chromosome will surely last forever. This chapter provides a very brief historical introduction, and a basic introduction to what chromosomes are, and the ways in which they can be abnormal. The distinction is made between disorders in which there is an excess (trisomy, duplication) of chromosome material, and those in which there is a deficiency (monosomy, deletion). Ethical questions are rehearsed that may arise in the context of the clinical management of chromosome abnormalities.
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Rey, Terry. Trou Coffy and the Léogâne Insurgent Theater. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625849.003.0005.
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“Trou Coffy and the Léogâne Insurgent Theater” springs from the previous biographical chapters profiling this book’s two chief subjects and returns to the 1791 insurgencies in the West Province of Saint-Domingue, with the geographic focus shifting to the city of Léogâne and the plantations on its surrounding plain. After first considering earlier slave and free colored uprisings in the West Province and revisiting their turbulent sociopolitical context, this chapter details the activities of Romaine’s followers at Trou Coffy in the Léogâne insurgent theater. Their raids on local whites and the resultant destruction of their property left their surviving enemies in a desperate state, threatened with famine or violent elimination. They saw no choice but to enter into negotiations with Romaine-la’Prophétesse, which, in part due to Abbé Ouvière, led to the cessation of control over the city to the mysterious, prophetic warlord. The time period covered is September 1791 to January 1792.
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Phillips, Lisa. Community Organizing under the AFL-CIO Umbrella. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037320.003.0007.
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This chapter demonstrates how, after five years of heading up a few of the left-led Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) refugees, the DPO and District 65 were attacked and on the verge of collapse. It had proved almost impossible to continue to organize without the security provided by the CIO, and the union's Executive Board finally decided to accept the CIO's terms for reinstatement. The chapter follows District 65 as it attempted to rebuild and, essentially, prove its worth to the rest of the labor movement and to civil rights organizations like the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The chapter explores the consequences of the reaffiliation for the union's “militant” fight for economic equality and offers an analysis of how District 65's organizing strategies were affected by reaffiliation with the CIO.
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Whitmire, Ethelene. The New York Public Library. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038501.003.0007.
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This chapter discusses Regina's decades-long battle with the New York Public Library (NYPL). For all that she was doing for the NYPL, Regina believed that she was neither being paid a wage that recognized her contributions nor being afforded the opportunities for promotion she deserved. Her relationship with Ernestine Rose deteriorated as Regina frequently asked W. E. B. Du Bois, representing the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, to intervene on her behalf with the NYPL administration. In order to understand Du Bois' involvement with Regina, the chapter examines his earlier dispute with the NYPL administration on behalf of librarian Catherine Latimer—the first African American librarian in the system. Du Bois was particularly galled by the situation at NYPL, which limited African American librarians to a few branches.
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McLeod, Jacqueline A. Politics of Preparation. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036576.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses Jane Bolin's career in the legal profession and the lived experiences that produced her as the nation's first African American woman judge. A member of a small unit of black women lawyers, Bolin's early practice mirrored that of other black women lawyers who gained entrance, but not full integration, into the legal profession. Jane's strides in the legal profession from 1931 to 1939 were made relatively quickly, suggesting a tale of easy access and an unobstructed path. However, an examination of her professional life beyond the pioneering peaks reveals the pervasive discrimination that Bolin overcame, and unravels the threads of gender, class, race, credentialism, and politics that colored the fabric of her professional life.
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Bow, Leslie. Racial Interstitiality and the Anxieties of the “Partly Colored”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037832.003.0003.
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This chapter studies the debates about Asian Americans' near-white status in popular and scholarly discourse. It forwards the idea of “racial interstitiality” as a method of reading the excess of racial formations within the context of the Black/White binary. Cultural documents across disciplinary boundaries reveal the ways in which both “colored” and “white” become enmeshed within the interplay of other oppositions that construct American norms, particularly those regarding class advancement: progressive vs. regressive; modern vs. feudal; and prosperous vs. indigent. The context of Asian racial indeterminacy in this context highlights the emergence of subjects whose values and beliefs were either recognized as potentially worthy of incorporation—hence, “near whiteness”—or, conversely, unworthy.
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Frederickson, Mary E. A Mother’s Arithmetic. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037900.003.0002.
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This chapter details Elizabeth Clark Gaines's journey from slavery to freedom. At each stage of her life, Gaines plumbed the resources available to her—family, church, literacy, white allies, and the law—to navigate her way to freedom. In the process, legal battles ensued, first with the man who enslaved her for twenty-four years, and then with his eldest son. Thus, Gaines used the law to free herself and her four children. Her success met with hard resistance, both in Kentucky, where signed papers concerning enslavement meant nothing if a slave master refused to honor them, and in Cincinnati, where, as Gaines's grandson Peter later put it, “Nowhere has the prejudice against colored people been more cruelly manifested.”
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Bontemps, Arna. Work. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037696.003.0012.
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This chapter focuses on some of the occupations of the Negroes in Illinois after the Civil War. Even after the Civil War, colored persons were mostly confined to the field of domestic and personal service—as butler, coachman, maid, cook, housekeeper, valet, or janitor. Others who were gainfully employed were found in the occupations in agricultural work and at unskilled labor. The tasks at which Negroes were employed were a reflection of the limited opportunities afforded members of the race earlier in the South and of the fierce competition they met in the North when they attempted to find employment in fields other than those to which they were traditionally attached. This chapter examines the Negro's role in Illinois employment and the racial prejudice the race encountered in seeking to carve a place in the labor market.
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Neundorf, Anja, and Kaat Smets. Political Socialization and the Making of Citizens. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935307.013.98.
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Political socialization describes the process by which citizens crystalize political identities, values and behavior that remain relatively persistent throughout later life. This chapter provides a comprehensive discussion of the scholarly debate on political socialization, posing a number of questions that arise in the study of political socialization and the making of citizens. First, what is it about early life experiences that makes them matter for political attitudes, political engagement, and political behavior? Second, what age is crucial in the development of citizens’ political outlook? Third, who and what influences political orientations and behavior in early life, and how are cohorts colored by the nature of time when they come of age? Fourth, how do political preferences and behavior develop after the impressionable years? The chapter further provides an outlook of the challenges and opportunities for the field of political socialization.
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Bodroghkozy, Aniko. Propaganda Tool for Racial Progress? University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036682.003.0002.
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This chapter examines early discourses on the relationship between television and the developing black freedom movement, with particular emphasis on optimistic hopes that television could be a progressive tool for African American advancement and racial justice. Unlike radio, early network television appeared to take seriously obligations to present African Americans in respectful ways. In the early 1950s, for example, NBC's politically progressive chief censor worked to eradicate offensive black stereotypes from programming by scrubbing references to “darkies,” images of Stepin Fetchit–style characters. This chapter first considers the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's protest against the Amos 'n' Andy and response to the Beulah radio shows before discussing the role of entertainment television in the pre-civil rights period. It looks at the ABC program The Beulah Show. While Beulah exemplifies early television's initial foray into the arena of race relations and black representation, this chapter argues that it did not give viewers a concept of black and white on equal terms.
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Bodroghkozy, Aniko. Fighting for Equal Time. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036682.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the debate over the extent to which network television was giving Southern segregationists and Northern integrationists “equal time” by focusing on audience reception of two controversial news documentaries about civil rights that aired in 1959 and 1961: NBC's report on “massive resistance” to school desegregation and CBS's report on violence against Freedom Riders. The NBC documentary report starred Chet Huntley and the CBS report, Howard K. Smith. This chapter first explores the discord and controversy sparked by the Fairness Doctrine before turning to Huntley and Smith's editorializing about desegregation and Southern race relations in their programs. In particular, it discusses Huntley's suggestion that the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People should step out of the school desegregation battle because of its “militancy,” and Smith's commentary about the evils of segregationist violence and those who tolerate it. Drawing on evidence of audience response, the chapter argues that the sectional and political rifts around race were not being assuaged by television coverage.
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Rey, Terry. Abbé Ouvière. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625849.003.0004.
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Entitled “Abbé Ouvière,” Chapter 3 seeks to answer three questions: (1) Who was Abbé Ouvière? (2) Why did he wind up in Saint-Domingue? (3) How and why did he become a principal in the early stage of the Haitian Revolution? Born into a family of meager means in Aix-en-Provence in 1762, Ouvière received a benefice as an adolescent by which he became an abbé and a secular priest. This afforded him an excellent education in both theology and medicine, enabling Ouvière to involve himself politically, as a Catholic priest, in the Haitian Revolution, and culturally, as a scientist and physician, in the intellectual life of early Republican America. The chapter reveals the means by which Abbé Ouvière would become a trusted adviser to the free colored Confederate Army, which was preparing to wage war to secure the full civil rights of free blacks and mulattoes as French citizens.
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Rey, Terry. The Priest, the Prophetess, and the Fall of Trou Coffy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625849.003.0007.
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“The Priest, the Prophetess, and the Fall of Trou Coffy” is the climactic chapter of this book because it reveals the nature of the relationship between the priest and the prophetess, Abbé Ouvière and Romaine-la-Prophétesse, and its illumination of events surrounding the fall of the Trou Coffy insurgency, including details on what might be called the Battle of Léogâne. Opening with an explanation of Abbé Ouvière’s enlistment as an adviser to the free colored Confederate Army and the plan he devised with them to pacify the Trou Coffy insurgents and bring them into the Confederate fold, the chapter details the priest’s trip to the prophetess’ lair and his meeting with Romaine, resulting in the treaty that placed the Virgin Mary’s godson in control over Léogane. It concludes with an analysis of a French commander’s arrival with troops to retake the occupied city and eventually defeat the Trou Coffy insurgency.
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Rohman, Carrie. UnCaging Cunningham’s Animals. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190604400.003.0006.
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This chapter excavates the natural strains in John Cage and Merce Cunningham’s composing and choreographic habits vis-à-vis animality. Cage and Cunningham reveal their recognition that the artistic is primarily about pleasure and affect, and that it is the animal part of us that responds most fully to such provocations. I read the little-known Cunningham book of drawings, Other Animals (2002), in the context of such ambitious performance pieces as Beach Birds (1991) and Ocean (1994). Cunningham’s propensity for drawing vibrantly colored animals in his notebooks links him back to Duncan, a founder of modern dance, who modeled her movement on the “free animals.” Moreover, specific illustrations in Other Animals are remarkably reminiscent of the depictions of animal hordes in Virginia Woolf’s Lugton tale. This chapter, therefore, allows me to trace the vibratory, excessive impulse of bioaesthetics from modernism to the early twenty-first century.
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Martin, Jeffrey J. Coaching. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190638054.003.0012.
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The purpose of this chapter is to examine research on disability sport coaching. Many athletes with disabilities receive no or very minimal coaching, although elite athletes (e.g., Paralympians) from wealthy countries usually have the benefit of good coaching during the Paralympics and at national training camps. The chapter first documents the history of coaching in disability sport and notes some negative outcomes of self-coaching. Coaches’ attitudes toward disability sport are addressed, which are mostly positive but colored by inexperience, a lack of knowledge about disability conditions, and how various impairments influence sport performance. Coaches face various challenges, such as trying to understand when impairments hamper training or when inadequate training might be the result of fatigue, lack of skill or knowledge, or lack of effort. Positive athlete outcomes stemming from effective coaching are discussed. such as reduced anxiety and enhanced confidence. Finally, effective disability sport coaching practices are reviewed.
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Duckett, Victoria. Hamlet. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039669.003.0003.
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This chapter examines Sarah Bernhardt's appearance in the 1900 short film Hamlet. Part of Paul Decauville's program for the Phono-Cinéma-Théâtre at the Paris Exposition, Bernhardt's film featured the fencing scene of Hamlet. She had played (and toured) Hamlet successfully on the live stage the previous year. In this way, the film pointed backward just as it pointed forward, to a known theatrical show and to invention, to mechanical mediations that brought with them new ways of presenting and promoting theater. This chapter considers how live musicians, the phonograph, and hand-colored film contributed to Decauville's initiative and hence to Hamlet. It argues that Bernhardt's short film was a calculated response to the new media and to its possible future. Bernhardt did not just adapt her stage work for the screen; she was a savvy businesswoman aware that cinematized theater could attract new audiences to her.
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Abraham, William J. Reviewing the Terrain. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786504.003.0005.
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In this chapter the author provides a retrospective glance on the material reviewed thus far, and suggests a deeper history of the debates about the nature of divine action among both theologians and philosophers is needed. The author demonstrates the complexity of the debates and the assumptions brought to the table, particularly those assumptions tacit in philosophical queries into the justification of religious belief. He suggests the contours of this particular debate colored the debate on divine action. Following I. M. Crombie, the author argues that theology proper can inform how one thinks about divine actions. Moreover, he argues that theologians and their proposals ought to be considered in the ongoing debate about divine action on their own terms, rather than to be thought secondary to explicitly analytic philosophical arguments and terms for debate.
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Ramey, Jessie B. Institutionalizing Orphans. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036903.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses how almost every historical account of the founding of the United Presbyterian Orphan's Home (UPOH) begins by paying homage to Rev. James Fulton, the young pastor of the Fourth United Presbyterian Church of Allegheny. While Fulton was a central figure in the founding of the United Presbyterian Women's Association of North America (UPWANA), he was not alone; dozens of women set to work establishing the orphanage. Similarly, founding stories often credit Rev. Fulton with inspiring another group of religious women, the Women's Christian Association (WCA), with starting the Home for Colored Children (HCC) in 1880. Nevertheless, it was women who played the crucial role in founding and managing these “sister” orphanages. The women's religious and social motivations shaped the institutions as they developed during their first fifty years.
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Ramey, Jessie B. Boarding Orphans. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036903.003.0004.
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This chapter focuses on how the United Presbyterian Orphan's Home (UPOH) proudly reflected on the thousands of children they had helped and pictured them in a long procession next to a line of dedicated orphanage managers. Parents are not only missing from this imagined scene but are literally portrayed as absent from their children's lives. In their self-representations, the Home for Colored Children (HCC) often painted an even more dismal picture of parents, pointing to not only their absence but their alleged abuse and neglect of children. However, beneath the surface of orphanage rhetoric and managers' historical memory, parents were very much present and played a crucial role in the institutions. Parents viewed their children's institutionalization as a temporary necessity, a deliberate parenting choice and not an abandonment of their parenting responsibilities.
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Ramey, Jessie B. Reforming Orphans. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036903.003.0006.
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This chapter considers how the Home for Colored Children (HCC) recorded a version of its founding story that traces the genesis of the institution to a state law. Several succeeding versions of this tale cite the role of legislation in prompting the formation of a new institution for African Americans, suggesting that the state acted as a progressive agent, forcing changes in the handling of all dependent children. While this version of HCC's founding story is not entirely accurate, it contains an essential truth: progressive reform ideas were starting to circulate in this period and had real impact on the development of child care institutions. The story locates the impetus for change outside of the orphanage founders themselves, placing it instead on progressives working through the government to enact new state laws regulating child welfare.
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Ramey, Jessie B. Segregating Orphans. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036903.003.0007.
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This chapter talks about how the story of Nellie Grant and the founding of the Home for Colored Children (HCC) highlights many of the salient threads of the institution's history. Over its first fifty years, the HCC both reinforced and resisted racial segregation and discrimination. This tension was particularly apparent in the educational opportunities provided by the orphanage. It also saw moments of interracial cooperation through its partially integrated board of managers, raising questions about racial attitudes and the motivations of both the white and black women who served in its early years. The orphanage had complicated relationships with both whites and with African Americans. Yet the orphanage manager's initial resistance toward, and eventual shift to, racial integration was set in motion through the persistent efforts of progressive reformers and African American leaders.
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Johnston, Mark. Sensory Disclosure. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198732570.003.0007.
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This chapter presents a general theory of color perception that focuses on something close to what Wilfred Sellars called “the sensory core”, something well-described in a passage from H. H. Price’s Perception. It develops the implications of that theory for (i) the distinctive epistemology of perception, which in the best case involves something better than mere knowledge, (ii) the nature of ganzfelds, film color, highlights, lightened and darkened color, auras, after-images, color hallucinations and the like, (iii) the account of when things are predicatively colored, and (iv) the nature of the category of quality. The chapter argues that as a consequence of understanding the sensory core we should reject the two most influential views in the philosophical theory of perception. Our most basic perceptual experiences are not adequately modeled as attitudes directed upon propositions. Nor are they adequately modeled as directed upon facts, understood as items in our perceived environment.
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Brennan, T. Corey. Egypt and the Journey Home. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190250997.003.0008.
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Sabina visited the famous “singing statue” of the Colossus of Memnon near Egyptian Thebes in November 130, just after Antinoös’ death. The proof is her first-person graffiti carved on a leg of this gigantic statue. Emperor and empress repeatedly visited the statue to hear its sound, as their companion the Seleucid princess Julia Balbilla records in her own verse graffiti on the stone. Her four poems, in a revival of Sappho’s Lesbian dialect with eroticized language, describe the empress, apparently to highlight the attributes of Sabina’s developed, official public persona: youthfulness, seductive beauty, piety, marital fidelity colored by institutionalized jealousy, and communion with the immortal. The chapter then reconstructs honors given Sabina in 131 in travel from Egypt to Anatolia and Athens. The chapter concludes with Hadrian’s forced return to Judaea in 132 to face the Bar Kochba revolt and examines recent evidence for extensive cultic honors to Sabina on Epirus.