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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Color'
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1
Gatzia, Dimitria Electra. "Color fictionalism: color discourse without colors /." Related electronic resource:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1398609521&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=3739&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Kwok, Pui-yan Veronica, and 郭沛殷. "Learning new color names produces lateralized categorical color perception: a training study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49858592.
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Previous behavioral and neuroimaging findings (Drivonikou, et al., 2007; Gilbert, et al., 2006; Tan, et al., 2008; Siok, et al., 2009) indicate that reaction times to targets in visual search are faster in the right than the left visual field when the target and distractor colors straddle a category boundary. This phenomenon is known as the lateralized categorical color perception, which supports the weaker form of Whorf’s hypothesis that linguistic information shapes color perception. Yet, these studies did not demonstrate a definite cause and effect relation between language and perception. The observed lateralized category effect of color perception may either rely on the individual’s innate color categories or his linguistic experience.
In the present study, we used an intensive training method to study categorical perception (CP) of color. We aimed to show a definite causal relation between language and perception. In Experiment 1, 37 native Mandarin speakers were tested with a color discrimination task. We taught 20 participants four new linguistic items for the four stimulus colors which were initially from the same lexical category (two blues and two greens) whilst other participants did not learn any new color names. Performances between the two groups were compared before and after training. Experiment 2 was based on Zhou et al.’s (2010) behavioral study, in which we used the same training procedure and measured and contrasted 19 participants’ brain structure before and after training.
In experiment 1, participants exhibited lateralized Whorf effect when performing the visual search task at the pre-training phase. After training, the experimental group successfully acquired the new color names, reflected by overall shorter reaction time and higher task accuracy, while the control group did not show significant difference in the performance across two phases. The improved performance of experimental group implicated that the newly learned categories altered participants’ color perception pattern. However, we failed to show lateralized Whorf effect at the post-training phase due to several experimental flaws. In Experiment 2, gray matter density is found to increase in color region of the left visual cortex after a short-term training (less than two hours). The data provided strong structural evidence for newly-learned categorical color perception and also suggested structural plasticity of the human brain. The results from this study indicate that language experience shapes perception, both functionally and structurally, after a period of learning that is much shorter than previously established (Draganski, 2004; Carreiras, et al., 2009; Trachtenberg, 2002).published_or_final_version
Linguistics
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Wransky, Michael E. "True Color Measurements Using Color Calibration Techniques." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1438966992.
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Gadia, D. "Color in context and spatial color computation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/26272.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to contribute in the field of spatial color computation models.We begin introducing an overview about different approaches in the definitionof computational models of color in digital imaging. In particular, we present a recent accurate mathematical definition of the Retinex algorithm, that lead to the definition of a new computational model called Random Spray Retinex (RSR). We then introduce the tone mapping problem, discussing the need for color computation in the implementation of a perceptual correct computational model. At this aim we will present the HDR Retinex algorithm, that addresses tone mappingand color constancy at the same time. In the end, we present some experiments analyzing the influence of HDR Retinex spatial color computation on tristimulus colors obtained using different Color Matching Functions (CMFs) on spectral luminance distribution generated by a photometric raytracer.
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Yuk, Ka Man. "Color demosaicking for the Bayer color filter array /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ECED%202007%20YUK.
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FREDRIKSSON, TOMAS, and SARA STRÖM. "Color Sorting Robot : Sorting algorithm by color identification." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191217.
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Efficiency and automatization can be improved in several ways. The focus in this report has been working with color identification and creating a smart robot. A simple robotic arm is used to apply the color sorting to a physical system. This model evaluates how well a robotic arm can sort different objects using a predefined color identification algorithm. A demonstrator was built to perform tests for sorting speed and color identification. The robotic arm can sort a predefined shaped and sized object in 15,36 seconds. The color identification is sensitive to external factors and does not necessarily return the right RGB-value depending on lightning and brightness. The R-value often has the largest error. To further improve the color sorting robot, another color identification method could be tested, other motor types should be incorporated and a more precise sensor should be implemented.Förbättringar inom effektivisering och automatisering kan göras på många olika sätt, och i den här rapporten har en metod med färgidentifiering arbetats fram för att skapa en smart robot. En enkel robotarm används för att applicera den fysiska tillämpningen av systemet samtidigt som själva färgsorteringen utgörs av en minidator. Denna modell utvärderar hur en robotarm med hjälp av en färgidentifieringsalgoritm kan sortera olika objekt. Resultatet visar att robotarmen kan sortera det bestämda objektet på 15,36 sekunder. Färgidentifieringen är dock känslig mot externa faktorer, såsom ljus och exempelvis blanka ytor. Programmet ger nödvändigtvis inte ’rätt’ RGB-värde, beroende på dessa externa faktorer. Det är ofta R-värdet som ger det största felet. För att förbättra färgsorteringsroboten, skulle en annan färgsortertingsmetod kunna testas, motortypen kan bytas ut, samt en mer precis sensor skulle kunna implementeras.
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Wang, Bin. "Augmenting Communication through Color: Color and Healthy Dining." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1588762911366207.
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Lim, Michael Gerald Go. "A study on understanding the use of process color-based color communication systems to print synthetic colors accurately and consistently /." Online version of thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11884.
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Wang, Sifan. "Urban color." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254651.
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Clifford, Ross William. "Lonely Color." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2370.
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This collection is representative of the studies I have completed during my time in the MFA program. Poetry workshops and seminars on prosody, translation, fragmentation, and constraint-based writing have contributed to the creation of this project. Thematically, my work is largely concerned with identity, the relationship between the external world and internal experiences, and perception. It attempts to capture something of the epiphanic, those rare moments when the ordinary becomes ineffable.
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Luo, Zhenyi. "Color Range Determination and Alpha Matting for Color Images." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20351.
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This thesis proposes a new chroma keying method that can automatically
detect background, foreground, and unknown regions. For background color
detection, we use K-means clustering in color space to calculate the limited
number of clusters of background colors. We use spatial information to clean
the background regions and minimize the unknown regions. Our method only
needs minimum inputs from user.
For unknown regions, we implement the alpha matte based on Wang's robust
matting algorithm, which is considered one of the best algorithms in the
literature, if not the best. Wang's algorithm is based on modified random walk.
We proposed a better color selection method, which improves matting results
in the experiments. In the thesis, a detailed implementation of robust
matting is provided.
The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can handle
images with one background color, images with gridded background, and images
with difficult regions such as complex hair stripes and semi-transparent
clothes.
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Jackson, Lonnie. "Comparison of color lightness in two-color plus black reproduction system vs. three-color reproduction system /." Online version of thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10153.
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Zeileis, Achim, and Kurt Hornik. "Choosing Color Palettes for Statistical Graphics." Department of Statistics and Mathematics, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2006. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1404/1/document.pdf.
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Statistical graphics are often augmented by the use of color coding information contained in some variable. When this involves the shading of areas (and not only points or lines) - e.g., as in bar plots, pie charts, mosaic displays or heatmaps - it is important that the colors are perceptually based and do not introduce optical illusions or systematic bias. Here, we discuss how the perceptually-based Hue-Chroma-Luminance (HCL) color space can be used for deriving suitable color palettes for coding categorical data (qualitative palettes) and numerical variables (sequential and diverging palettes).Series: Research Report Series / Department of Statistics and Mathematics
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Wang, Lulu. "Virtual imaging system." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/668.
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The main purpose of this research project was to implement a combination of computer graphics and processing to generate displays that will aid in the visualization of the colour rendering properties of a range of light sources, including the new generation of high-output LEDs (light emitting diodes) that are becoming widely adopted in general lighting service. The CIE (International Commission on Illumination) has developed a colour appearance model CIECAM02 for use in colour imaging and colour management, and this model is utilized in this work. This thesis describes the design and construction of a computer-based model that can be used as a research tool for the simulation and demonstration of the colour rendering properties of various artificial light sources. It is a comprehensive study of the colour models and measurement procedures currently in use in the lighting industry, as recommended by the CIE. This research project focused on the display of a set of surface colour patches as if they were illuminated by a specific light source, and the simultaneous display of two such sets to demonstrate the surface colour differences arising from the use of the two different light sources. A VIS (virtual imaging system) has been developed to display the colour properties of a series of test colour samples under different light sources. This thesis describes the computer models developed for the representation and display of surface colours in general, and colour rendering in particular. The designed system computes and displays the colour of each sample from a knowledge of the light-source spectrum and the spectral reflectance of each surface. It can simultaneously display the colours resulting from illumination by two different sources. In addition, the system computes the colour appearance differences for two sets of colours using the CIECAM02 colour appearance model. Subjective and objective tests were taken to validate the computed results. The VIS has been designed and implemented. It also has been tested by 21 observers and we believe that it will be a powerful research tool for the lighting industry, especially in relation to colour rendering.
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Reniff, Lisa. "Visual determination of color differences using Probit analysis : phase II /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11544.
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Shen, Shizhe. "Color difference formula and uniform color space modeling and evaluation /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11356.
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Pezzetti, Karen. "Teaching and Learning Color-Consciousness in a Color-Blind Society." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/379151.
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Urban EducationPh.D.
In this ethnographic study, I draw on interviews, audiorecordings of course meetings, observation notes and student work to explore the experiences of White preservice teachers in two sections of a Social Contexts of Education course. The instructors of both sections sought to challenge students’ color-blind racial ideologies. Whereas prior research documents prospective teachers resisting learning about race, this study’s participants evidenced a willingness to engage with this content. Nevertheless, most participants still remained committed to color-blind ideologies at the end of the course. This research offers insights into two obstacles that hindered most participants from adopting color-conscious ideologies as well as four pedagogical strategies that successfully interrupted, at least temporarily, some participants’ color-blind ideologies. The findings lead to pedagogical recommendations for teacher educators, structural suggestions for teacher education programs, and a theoretical contribution about the important role of socio-cultural understandings of identity in the preparation of color-conscious teachers.
Temple University--Theses
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Carney, Ovidia Cornelia Blough. "Effects of age and ethnicity on color preference and on association of color with symbol and with emotion." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1882.
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Aijazi, Ahmed Tausif. "Hybrid Color Halftoning." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-56737.
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Halftoning methods can be divided into two main categories, namely AM (Amplitude Modulated) and FM (Frequency Modulated). Some printing methods, such as Flexography, are not able to produce dots small enough to handle the highlights and the shadows of the original image by just using AM halftoning method. To overcome this problem FM method is used in the highlights (and the shadows) and an AM method in rest of the image.
Hybrid halftoning (combination of AM and FM) technique for grayscale images has already be presented showing the best way to place FM and AM dots in the resulting binary image. This thesis work is and extension of that and presents hybrid technique for color images. In color images, besides the problem of transition area between AM and FM, a number of other factors needs to be addressed. One of such factors is to define the starting point of FM technique in different color channels. In this work all the possibilities of combining AM and FM in different color channels have been investigated and then the best approach for hybrid color halftoning is proposed. This approach not only uses the best solution for starting point of FM halftoning in each channel but also places the different color dots in the highlights, as homogenously as possible.
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Anderson, John Moyle Jr. "Color and healing." Thesis, Montana State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2010/anderson/AndersonJ0510.pdf.
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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) affects approximately 20-30% of Veterans. It can be very mild with little effect on the person to debilitating depression and suicide. Some of the symptoms Veterans with PTSD may experience are: depression, flashbacks, inability to sleep, re-experiencing the event, recurring dreams of the event, and many others. In the United States we have an opportunity to give back those who have served the US with honor. We have the ability to create spaces and environments to help heal our returning Veterans who are afflicted with PTSD. By utilizing individual colors and interaction of colors we can create healing spaces to help Veterans reintegrate into society. Vet Centers' primary mission is the treatment of Veterans with PTSD and sexual truma. Currently there is not a Vet Center located in the Gallatin Valley area for treatment of Veterans living here. Color is performative. Color will react to the environment in which it is placed. The ways in which color will react are many; including how natural light interacts with color, how color interacts with artificial light, how color reacts with reflectivity of materials of the built environment, the placement of the colors in a built environment as well as the attributes of the colors themselves.
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Icli, Ozkut Merve. "Color Engineering Of." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613482/index.pdf.
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Design of a monomer is a viable route for adjusting the properties of its corresponding polymer. The main goal of this study is to design and synthesize novel soluble polymers having various colors of color palette and amenable for use in electrochromic device applications. In designing the monomers, the factors affecting the properties of the polymers are also considered. For this purpose, each part of the monomers is chosen properly for each desirable properties and the effect of them is investigated separetely. Thus, this study is based on the investigation of the effect of three major parts on the polymer properties: Donor groups, acceptor groups and the length of alkyl chain. For this aim, nine D-A-D type monomers, TSeT, ESeE, PSeP-C10, PSP-C10, PNP-C10, POP-C10, PSeP-C4, PSP-C4 and PSP-C6, and their corresponding polymers, P(TSeT), P(ESeE), P(PSeP-C10), P(PSP-C10), P(PNP-C10), P(POP-C10), P(PSeP-C4), P(PSP-C4) and P(PSP-C6), based on thiophene, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), and 3,3-dialkyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,4-b]-[1,4]dioxepine (ProDOT-Cn) as D units and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, 2-decyl-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole, and 2,1,3-benzooxadiazole as A units were synthesized. The obtained polymers have somewhat low band gap between 1.13 eV and 1.80 eV, they show electrochromic behaviors. Among them P(POP-C10), P(PSP-C10) and P(PSP-C6) have cyan color which is one leg of CMY (Cyan-Magenta-Yellow) color spaces. Since there have been scant studies on cyan colored polymers in the literature, these polymers are so precious. Via copolymerization of PNP-C10 and PSeP-C10, the first electrochemically synthesized neutral state black polymer was obtained.
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Burgess, Ian Bruce. "Wetting in Color." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10524.
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Colorimetric litmus tests such as pH paper have enjoyed wide commercial success due to their inexpensive production and exceptional ease of use. However, expansion of colorimetry to new sensing paradigms is challenging because macroscopic color changes are seldom coupled to arbitrary differences in the physical/chemical properties of a system. In this thesis I present in detail the development of Wetting in Color Technology, focusing primarily on its application as an inexpensive and highly selective colorimetric indicator for organic liquids. The technology exploits chemically-encoded inverse-opal photonic crystals to control the infiltration of fluids to liquid-specific spatial patterns, projecting minute differences in liquids’ wettability to macroscopically distinct, easy-to-visualize structural color patterns. It is shown experimentally and corroborated with theoretical modeling using percolation theory that the high selectivity of wetting, upon-which the sensitivity of the indicator relies, is caused by the highly symmetric structure of our large-area, defect-free \(SiO_2\) inverse-opals. The regular structure also produces a bright iridescent color, which disappears when infiltrated with liquid naturally coupling the optical and fluidic responses. Surface modification protocols are developed, requiring only silanization and selective oxidation, to facilitate the deterministic design of an indicator that differentiates a broad range of liquids. The resulting tunable, built-in horizontal and vertical chemistry gradients allow the wettability threshold to be tailored to specific liquids across a continuous range, and make the readout rely only on countable color differences. As wetting is a generic fluidic phenomenon, Wetting in Color technology could be suitable for applications in authentication or identification of unknown liquids across a broad range of industries. However, the generic nature of the response also ensures chemical non-specificity. It is shown that combinatorial measurements from an array of indicators add a degree of chemical specificity to the platform, which can be further improved by monitoring the drying of the inverse-opal films. While colorimetry is the central focus of this thesis, applications of this platform in encryption, fluidics and nanofabrication are also briefly explored.Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Saadeh, Cirien. "Journalism of Color." Thesis, Prescott College, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13427959.
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Journalism of Color is a resilient, transformative, community-based journalism methodology and form of resistance writing that is framed by the values, narratives, and historical contexts of historically-marginalized communities. Journalism of Color is an emergent definition that came to be through a four-month research project, three years of literature analysis, and ten years of work as a trained community organizer and community-trained journalist. Journalism of Color is meant to be a tool that historically-marginalized communities can use in an effort to develop community power. Journalism of Color is theoretically founded in critical race theory, rhizomatic writing, communitarianism, anti-oppressive research, resistance writing, transformative organizing, and cooperation.
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Buchanan, Mark C. (Mark Calvin). "Color and form." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64868.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1992.Includes bibliographical references (p. 77).
I have always been interested in painting, particularly in the use of color to describe space, time and emotion. This thesis integrates painterly concepts in the making of architecture. Some issues explored include color complementarity, material color, and the expressive use of color in the design process. By thinking of color a<; I design I endeavor to enhance the habitable experience and enable color to actively generate the creation of architecture. The vehicle for color study is the design of a pedestrian bridge in Tacoma Washington. The focus is to produce several schemes exploring color and material and its sequencing along the bridge. The programmatic scope is constrained to maximize issues of color and form making. The design used various media to visualize the design and explore two color systems. Additive color systems lead to painting, pastels, colored pencil, and plaster casting. The computer facilitated image processing, geometrical modelling, and color/ texture mapping in a "subtractive" color system.
by Mark C. Buchanan.
M.Arch.
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Kouvaris, Christoforos N. "Gapless color superconductivity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32308.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-164).
In this thesis, we propose and investigate the "Gapless Color-Flavor Locked" (gCFL) phase, a possible new phase of dense and cold quark matter. At high enough densities, quarks interact with each other and form pairs similarly to electrons in superconductors. This phenomenon in the case of quark matter is called Color Superconductivity. Color superconducting matter must be electrically and color neutral, because otherwise there are huge energy costs, due to the charges. At asymptotically high densities, equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks make the system neutral, all the quarks pair, and the quark matter is in the Color-Flavor-Locked phase. At intermediate densities however, the strange quark mass changes the number densities of the quarks and this makes the CFL phase unstable. The gCFL phase emerges as a result of the strange quark mass effect and the neutrality conditions. The gCFL phase has gapless modes and non-zero electron density, unlike CFL. These new properties of gCFL have significant astrophysical implications. The interior of neutron stars might have densities at the regime where gCFL dominates. If this is the case, we argue that gCFL will change significantly the cooling of such a star, keeping it hot, even for late times. Also in this thesis we explore the rest of the phase diagram of neutral quark matter at high density as a function of temperature and strange quark mass. We investigate how zero temperature superconducting phases evolve if we heat the system. We derive the phase diagram of dense quark matter using a Nambu-Jona- Lasinio (NJL) model, that might be a good guide for understanding the QCD phase diagram.
by Christoforos N. Kouvaris.
Ph.D.
26
Chen, Wei-Tian, and 陳偉田. "Exploring the Color Harmony Induced by Two-Color Combinations Using Cold and Warm Grey Colors as Main Color." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29341781599091566791.
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碩士大同大學
工業設計學系(所)
104
Most products in market appear using near-grey colors as main color to combine with other chromatic or achromatic colors. However, the existing color harmony studies used various chromatic colors as main color, leading the results impractical. Therefore, this study conducted an experiment to explore the color harmony induced by near grey colors as main color on the 3D color configuration. In this study the near-grey colors included white, black, gray, cool gray and warm gray colors as the main color. Ten chromatic basic color terms were used as secondary color. Totally, 170 color combinations were used to apply onto a cuboids with side circle. The color combinations were evaluated on four scales,“active-passive”, “heavy-light”, “warm-cool” and “harmonious-disharmonious”. The result showed that (1) The results of the “active-passive”, “heavy-light” and “warm-cool” were confirmed to be consistent with the previous color harmony models. (2) Color harmony induced by near gray colors as main color was found to be affected by secondary colors. (3) Color harmony on 2D color configuration was found to be differed with those on 3D color configuration.(4) While the main color is gray color with lightness exceed 88, the sum of lightness from two colors tends to be more “harmonious”. (5) While using warm grey colors with the lightness less than 88 as main colors, the smaller hue difference between two colors tended to be more “harmonious”. (6) While using cold and middle grey colors with the lightness less than 88 as main colors, the lower sum of lightness, the smaller hue difference and the greater difference of chroma between two colors tended to be more “harmonious”.
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CHEN, ZHANG-YAO, and 陳章堯. "Color image recognition by quantizing colors." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72370607867022888052.
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Xue, Yang Yi, and 楊宜學. "The Development of Color Contrast Index for Colors of Mid-gray n Uniform Color Spaces." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65887186040576804779.
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Yeh, Hsiu-ming, and 葉修銘. "COLOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON COLOR ENHANCEMENT AND COLOR QUANTIZATION." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06079814044429919725.
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碩士大同大學
電機工程學系(所)
93
In order to improve the quality of imagery, digital image enhancement techniques have been developed. In general, the image enhancement is applied in the RGB color space that can be implemented simply and effectively without computationally intensive. In previous research is to increase the directional resolution using a concept that calls Vector Amplification, increasing the magnitude of color vectors close to the direction of the color of interest (COI) to enhance image. The vector amplification may need more computationally intensive. Furthermore, the image enhancement doesn’t have qualified result in RGB color space. Due to advantages of color differences in uniform color space such as Lab, Euclidean distance has close correlation with the perceptual color difference in the uniform color space. Therefore, based on the algorithm of Vector Amplification, the image can be enhanced by reducing the Euclidean distance with specified multi-color of interest in uniform color space. Another interesting issue is how to generate COIs for image segmentation. First, cluster of colors are generated by the color quantization from the original image. Then representational COIs are generated by merging color element of cluster within the region of color difference. Hence, image can be segmented by iterating color enhancement and color quantization in uniform color space without any overflow color information and color distortion.
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Yeh, Ching-Lin, and 葉青林. "A Study on the Influence of Color Interval and Area Factors on Color Harmony of Object Colors." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92164903409211203432.
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碩士國立交通大學
應用藝術研究所
86
In the study of color harmony, Moon and Spencer have proposed the most famous model, and defined the harmony/ disharmony interval with hue difference, value difference, and chroma difference in a color combination. However, human does not perceive a coloralong its three attributes independently.. For this reason, we have adopted the colordifference formula (DE*ab) in the CIELAB color space as an integral color interval toinclude hue, value and chroma difference of a color combination in the previous study.We used this definition of color interval to study the "influence of color interval and area factor on color harmony among colors displayed on a CRT, and got some elementary results. To expand the scope of the previous study of color harmony, this study investigates color harmony of object colors. There are three issues to be explored in this study: 1.theinfluence of shape factor on color harmony; 2.the relationship between color interval and color harmony, and 3.the influence of area factor on color harmony. In the first part of this study, four different shapes are adopted in the experiment toreveal their influence on the perceived degree of color harmony. The results show that the differences of the degree of color harmony among these four shapes are statistically significant. In the second part of this study, we have tried to find out the degree of color harmony as the function of DE*ab. In the experiment, 400 2-color combinations with different values of DE*ab on color chips were presented to the subjects to evaluate the degree of color harmony of each combination. The results reveal a cubic-curve relationship between color interval and color harmony, as the same in the previous study, but the characteristic of this curve is somewhat different with our previous result of color on CRT display. Then, we have tested the hypothesis that a color combination will be harmonious when the area ratio between the two component colors is inverse to the "color intensity" ratio between them. In the experiment, we recorded subjects'' responses of the relative degree of color harmony to varied combinations with the same component colors but different arearatios. The results show that the factor of area ratio doesn''t obviously influence the relative degree of color harmony. Finally, we have examined the accordance between our data with some traditional principles of color harmony, and summarized some guidelines for color harmony.
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Shih-TingFu and 傅詩婷. "Color Aesthetic Application on Color Image and Skin Color Matching Research." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t68594.
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碩士國立成功大學
工業設計學系
102
With the technology improvement, people's self-awareness rises, the requirements for the quality of life are also enhanced, and lead many changes in lifestyle. The designer not only keep pursuing the innovation in performance and styling but also use the appropriate combination of color matching, and then will be able to meet the psychological needs of consumers emotional level to increase their purchase intention. This study will use the concept of the online shopping color matching service system to apply to the skin and nail polish color selection, and match up the emotional needs of consumers to construct a set of the consultation system to meet the customers’ psychology and demand. Synthesize skin color detection, color harmony, aesthetics measures, fuzzy set theory to construct the color matching and color selection system procedures based on aesthetics measures. This study uses quantitative method to understand consumers’ color cognitive image, and give some recommendations about the matching color of the skin and nail polish personalization by the customers’ kansei image. Thereby providing users can fast and accurately grasp its best color combinations. According to the verifying result, prove that the color matching consultation system and users' cognitive color matching aesthetic is positive correlation to be able to objectively progress the best color matching ranking.
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Wu, Tung-Lin, and 吳東霖. "EMBEDDING COLOR WATERMARKS IN COLOR IMAGES." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30695918546330489468.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大同大學
通訊工程研究所
89
Robust watermarking with oblivious detection is essential to practical copyright protection of digital images. Effective exploitation of characteristics of human visual perception to color stimulus helps to develop the watermarking scheme that fills the requirement. In this paper, an oblivious watermarking scheme that embeds color watermarks in color images is proposed. The color gamut of the host image in a uniform color space is first analyzed, and from which a perceptually-tuned color quantizer is derived. Through color quantization, the color watermark is embedded by modifying quantization index of each color pixel without resulting in perceivable color distortion. Only very little information including the specification of color gamut and quantizer stepsize as private key is required to extract color watermarks. In order to make the watermark more robust, the approaches of repeated embedding, majority-vote decision and alternative color assignment are employed in the embedding and extraction procedure. Experimental results promisingly show that the proposed watermarking scheme is computationally simple and quite robust in face of various attacks such as cropping, low-pass filtering, white noise addition, rotation, scaling, and the JPEG compression with a compression ratio as high as 27.5.
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Huang, Bo-sheng, and 黃伯昇. "Study of color conversion for display color appearance between three-primary colors and four-primary colors based on the matrix switching method." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05659345597417003090.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
光電科學與工程研究所
97
In this thesis, our major study is color conversion between three-primary and four-primary colors on the three-primary colors LCD by simulation. Matrix switching algorithm is the tool of color conversion processed in CIEXYZ color space. In order to confirm correctness of color conversion, we simulated and made comparisons of some color patterns on the LCD, which were spatial color mixing with the original three-primary colors and reconstructed four-primary colors, respectively. The pixel unit of four-primary colors was classical Bayer type, which sub-pixels were composed of original RGB stripe sub-pixels of LCD. We also used spectroradiometer to measure color characteristics of studied color patterns. From experimental results, they show that the measured color values, (x, y) of the same color pattern respectively rendered by three-primary and four-primary colors are very close, but a significantly large luminance difference exists between them. To enhance the luminance of four-primary color patterns, we multiplied a factor in the measured spatially four-primary color spectrum. The value of multiple factor was the average ratio of luminance between three-primary and four-primary in fourteen gray patterns. After luminance compensation, the four-primary color patterns are more consistent with the original three-primary color patterns.
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Lin-ChenLin and 林琳蓁. "The Influence of Color Nomenclatures on Preferences towards Colors." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74775686192916795271.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
工業設計學系
104
In today’s market, the appearances of products are important factors influencing consumers’ purchase decision; and generally speaking, colors have a greater impact on people’s feeling than forms do. Apart from appearances, product names are also important. Many merchandise nowadays are named by special nomenclatures to draw customers’ attention, replacing common names with fancier ones. According to above phenomena, this research focused on whether people differ their preference towards a same product color while it is named differently. Color nomenclatures in this paper followed Miller and Kahn’s classification (2005): “Common Descriptive (typical and specific),” “Unexpected Descriptive (atypical but specific),” “Ambiguous (atypical and abstract)” and “Common (typical but abstract).” From the results of three-way ANOVA analysis, conclusions are listed as follows: (1) Common Descriptive is the most popular nomenclature; (2) colors matched with Common Descriptive names are the most popular pairs; (3) Common Descriptive raised preference value the most; Ambiguous raised preference value the least; and (4) Ambiguous and Unexpected Descriptive made the greatest impact on color preference; Common made the least impact on color preference. From above results, the expected contribution of this research is to provide a new standard of naming product colors to trigger consumers’ interest into product colors, and further boost their purchase intention.
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Hong, Chi-Cheng, and 洪祺程. "Applying Classic Art-style Colors to Product Color Planning." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20331160435608976068.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
工業設計研究所
97
The developments of Eastern and Western art-styles are too numerous to mention. They had all the artistic movement that developed drawing, painting, music, sculpture and so on. With regard to design, the art-styles mostly show up in visual arts; on the contrary, they seldom show up on products. The imagery of products is mostly made up of its appearance, color, and texture, etc. Generally speaking, color plays an important factor in visual imagery of products. This study will select the most typical art-styles that have the better color presenting in the world such as “Neoplasticism”, “Pop Art”, “Amis” and “Ukiyo-e”. The four art-styles of this study will be as the color elements of products and use the triangular fuzzy numbers to set up a color matching algorithm from art-style colors, moreover, get the optimizing values of art-styles colors by evolving from genetic algorithms. The algorithm is written down as interface system in program. Designer can select his favorite linguistic and weight from art-style colors and search for the best color matching with the interface system. This study results in three points: 1. To explore the representation of Neoplasticism, Pop Art, Amis and Ukiyo-e color in this study. 2. Based on artistic style, linguistic, and weight by the designer designed, the color of the four artistic styles set up a math algorithm. 3. According to the triangular fuzzy numbers which are applied in relation of each color searching, it can provide an assist for designer in searching for his favorite color of products rapidly by using computer-aided design.
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Chen, Shih-Han, and 陳詩涵. "Preferred Skin Colors Reproduction on Color Flat Panel Displays." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71479228045547076362.
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博士國立臺灣科技大學
應用科技研究所
101
For applying natural images, the facial area is often the key object to be analyzed. Reproducing pleasing skin colors is one of important factors for achieving high image quality of color imaging systems. Hence, many methods to produce pleasing skin color have already been proposed. For color reproduction, preferred adjustment of skin color can be established according to subjective evaluation. Observer preference is an important measure for image quality evaluation, and indicates the degree of observer satisfaction with a specific image. Subsequently, the image quality can be improved effectively by means of transforming the skin colors in an image to the preferred skin colors. It is important to realize preferred skin color for preference color reproduction. Three psychophysical experiments were conducted to determine the preferred skin color ranges of East Asian women by East Asian observers on the chromatic and lightness components of CIELAB color space displayed on a sRGB-gamut display. In the first experiment, the preferred skin color was sought with different settings including correlated color temperatures (CCTs) and luminance levels of the display. The results indicate that the most preferred skin color on a display had small differences between various images varying in CCT, and luminance level. In the second experiment, a more accurate center of preferred skin color was produced. The preference scores were analyzed and the preference map of skin color in CIELAB a*b* plane was established. The aim of the last experiment was to examine the relationship between the lightness range of facial skin color and the perceived preference on a display. It was conducted to examine the effect of the lightness component on the preference of facial skin color. Finally, image-dependent color palette is proposed to apply to preferred skin color reproduction. It will be useful to analyze skin colors of displayed images, by friendly performances of color measurement, visual assessment and preferred color reproduction at a time. The current study reveals that the (C*ab, hab) value of the most preferred skin colors of East Asian women is (25.4, 50.5) with an L* value of 65. The observer variances in skin color preference are larger in chroma component than in hue component with a mean ∆E*ab units of 3.7. It was also found that CIELAB performs well as a chromatic adaptation transform for all the whites close to the white points set close to daylight illuminants with varying luminance levels studied. And an effective solution was provided for testing image quality of color display systems and reproducing preferred skin colors.
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Chang, Ting-Ting, and 張婷婷. "Color Separation Technology and Color Signal Analysis of Multi-primary Color System." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20465599613344659690.
Full textAbstract:
碩士世新大學
資訊管理學研究所(含碩專班)
95
Multi-primary color display can show more vivid colors than traditional three primary color display because it have large color gamut. Our research introduces the color conversion algorithm and color signal smoothness analysis for 4-primary color display system. Meanwhile, the color channel visualization technology have been developed in different color spaces successfully, including RGB, LAB, LUV, YIQ, YCC and 4-primary color space. Finally, the proposed 4-primary color conversion method is implemented on Adobe RGB platform to simulate color appearance of a 4-color color image and its separated 4 color channels.
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Hsieh, Tsuei-Ju, and 謝翠如. "Color Terms and Lexical Color Category Space." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35858542582398005582.
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博士國立交通大學
應用藝術研究所
98
The lexical color categorization is a critical mechanism within color perception, which involves sorting visual responses of lights into certain color categories and coding them with language. The issue of verbalizing color experience, or color naming, had drawn many attentions from visual psychologists, linguistic anthropologists, and color scientists. Some anthropologists suspected that the amount of color vocabulary circulated within a language could be positively related to the technological and cultural complexity held by the speakers. However, the development status of Mandarin regarding color categories and the naming could not be fully clarified based on the existing data. Besides the theoretical impact on linguistic anthropology, the behavior of naming the color experience is also considered a mirror reflecting the cognitive structure of inner structure of color space. English color naming is a well-discussed topic, and there were over a hundred of different languages in previous extensive color naming survey (WCS). However, there is still a considerable vacancy of empirical color naming data in the relevant domain. The study aims at establishing the groundwork of lexical color terms and categories in Mandarin by collecting empirical data from native speakers. This fundamental-orientated study holds several specific objectives: 1. to investigating synchronic Mandarin color lexicon and the popularity of frequent color vocabularies. 2. to acquire behavioral data of color naming. 3. to determine Mandarin basic color terms by analyzing results of empirical the survey. 4. to locating Mandarin speakers’ foci and boundaries of known lexical color categories in a standardized chromaticity diagram. The empirical works in the study includes: 1. a free-recall survey of prevalent color terms involving 189 informants who are native Mandarin speakers. The gathered data would help establishing color lexicon of current cultural context. 2. a free color naming experiment with written color terms and response times as dependent variables. It is supposed that these variables provide not only the simple popularity counts of color terms, but also an index to the psychological links between color categorization and naming. 3. a 12-terms color sorting experiment. There are 461 color stimuli varying in hue, saturation and brightness in this experiment and participants were asked to sort them into twelve color terms. The results of the three empirical works found 1. there are twelve Mandarin color terms are consistently recalled and named, 紅(Hung), 橘(Ju), 黃(Huang), 綠(Lu), 藍(Lan), 紫(Zi), 黑(Hei), 灰(Hui), 白(Bai), 咖啡(Ka-fei), 粉紅(Feng-Hung) and 桃紅(Tao-hung). These terms are corresponding to the eleven color categories found by linguistic anthropologists Berlin and Kay, and can be regarded as basic Mandarin color terms. 2. There are eight tone modifiers found to be frequently used in the free naming experiment,亮(bright),暗(dark), 淡(pale), 粉(powder), 淺(light), 深(deep), 偏(-ish), and正(central, correct). 3. Comparing with English color naming study, current Mandarin color naming result in using more compound color terms and less basic or monolexemic color terms. The response times of Mandarin color naming are longer, and participants’ confidence scores are lower. 4. Comparing the current results with Japanese color sorting experiment in similar viewing condition, the location of blue-green boundary is quite different in two studies. Generally, this study conducted the exploratory survey on modern Mandarin color terms and color naming, and also provides the experimental data of the space of Mandarin lexical color categories. These results complement the empirical vacancy in the related field in world community, and also serve as the backbone in further studies.
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Huang, Yi-Lun, and 黃意倫. "Color Correction System of Color Digital Holography." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10483964151771171118.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
通訊工程所
98
Color digital holography is a new optical technique in recent years. The traditional hologram was recorded by single-wavelength laser, and a lot of related applications were developed. By contrast, color digital holography employs three difference wavelength lasers, and obtains a color reconstruction image which, however, exist chromatic aberration. For the problem of chromatic aberration of color digital holography, a color correction system is proposed in this thesis. We employ a general Color Checker as our main correction tool. At first, we create a relation between the distorted and standard images of Color Checker. Finally, we correct these distorted reconstruction images through the correction system. Among the correction system contain three processed steps, background compensation and color correction respectively. In background compensation processing, we recorded an additional white distorted reconstruction image to compensate. In color correction processing, create the color relations between the distorted and standard image.
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Wu, Yi-Ming, and 吳益銘. "Color Interpolation for Single CCD Color Camera." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78815426517526295486.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
89
The interpolation is the process of determining the unknown values of a function at the position lying between some pre-known samples. There are many traditional interpolation methods such as nearest neighbor, bilinear, cubic B-spline, and cubic convolution however they are not very suitable to the color interpolation for the digital color camera with the single CCD and the CFA. The primary drawback of the traditional interpolation methods is the color-alias and the blurred-edge effect. To sharpen the edge and reduce the color-alias, the edge-sensitive method and the color-difference domain are proposed respectively. Based on these techniques, we propose the novel composite interpolation scheme. The simulation results verify that the proposed interpolation method obtain superior image quality. Furthermore, the computational complexity of the proposed method is acceptable compared with the other existing methods.
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Kuckartz, Joost, and 古卡茲. "Correlated Color Temperature in Color Appearance Models." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36970363099174995645.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺灣大學
電信工程學研究所
98
Correlated color temperature is the temperature of a Planckian radiator which perceived color closely resembles that of a test stimulus. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) has defined this measurement as being valid under specified viewing conditions and with the test stimulus being of the same brightness as the point of the Planckian radiator. The current method for calculation of the correlated color temperature dates back to 1968 and is based on an obsolete color space which is nowadays not used for any other calculations. The color space is valid for any viewing condition and the brightness is unknown. Color appearance models use viewing conditions and input stimuli to model perceived appearance. Correlates which include brightness and hue are mathematically defined. These parameters are exactly the requirement of the CIE definition for correlated color temperature but are currently not used in the calculation. In this research the definition of color temperature from the Planckian blackbody equation is used to find their locations in color appearance models. Given the blackbody locus as test stimulus different input situations are tested and the models'' outputs are compared. Finally a method for calculating the correlated color temperature in any color appearance model is given which conforms much closer to the CIE definition.
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Wang, Chun-Yi, and 王淳毅. "Color Interpolation of RGBW Color Filter Array." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77574596316362790967.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
101
In this thesis, we propose a novel interpolation on RGBW color filter array. Moreover, this method reduces the problem of color-alias and requires low computation. We introduce the background first, and review some traditional interpolation schemes. Then we discuss some problems in color interpolations such as edge-blurred and color-alias effects. Next, we will explain our proposed method in Chapter 3, and show the results in Chapter 4. We will compare different interpolations on Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and processing time. Last, conclusion and future works will be presented in Chapter 5.
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江宜倩. "Color Constancy based on Intrinsic Colors Specified by a Colorchecker." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23062469544847815164.
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Yi-Mei, Chiu. "Color Deficiency Aid Process and Color Image Enhancement." 2005. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-1507200512131100.
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Chang, Ko-Yen, and 張柯衍. "Color Constancy and the Color Usage in Paintings." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14770947233159493662.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
應用藝術研究所
96
Color constancy is one of the most important properties of human color vision .It helps us to better adapt to the changing environment, but we usually are not aware of it. It is very interesting that the color usage in Western paintings in the past had been greatly affected by color constancy until the emergence of Impressionism. However, this fact has not been fully appreciated by art historians. The purpose of this study is to understand how color constancy influences color usage in paintings, and to develop training protocols to bring the issue of color constancy into the painter’s awareness. Hopefully more creativity could be inspired by such a practice. In the experiment, the participants do some color matching task in both the normal mode with contextual effect and aperture mode without contextual effect. The results showed that the color perception in the aperture mode is more accurate and stable than that in the normal mode. The implications for art educators are discussed.
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Chiu, Yi-Mei, and 邱逸玫. "Color Deficiency Aid Process and Color Image Enhancement." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65278153718249963051.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
電信工程學研究所
93
Approximately one man out of twelve has some degree of color deficiency. There is no cure for color vision deficiency. Though there are some techniques trying to help them distinguish color, such as tinted spectacles and monocular contact lenses, however, these devices might boil down to further serious situation, such as impaired visual acuity, visual distortions, and diminishing the depth perception. However, vision is the one that we rely on most to access information. Nowadays, for the development of technology, people acquire quite many facts from multimedia. Hence, color also play a role in conveying information and hence obstruct some color deficient people to some degree. Hence, this thesis offers assistance processes to help color deficient people distinguish colors. This assistance algorithm is based on utilizing the color gamut seen by color deficient people. The effect of the proposed assistance process is proved by examine the enhanced image through the color deficient vision simulation in [4]. Besides, other assistance processes are compared with the proposed one. In the later of the thesis, we focus on contrast enhancement on ordinary images. We proposed the saturation enhancement methods without hue and luminance changes in CIE xyY and CIE L*u*v*. The main contribution of this part is that we take the dependence of luminance and chromaticity into consideration. Hence, the image artifacts and color distortion, which other saturation enhancement would results in, are not produced through the proposed saturation enhancement. Furthermore, the proposed saturation enhancement methods are quite useful and could be applied to many fields, such as gamut calculation, and clipping after luminance processing. We also proposed a background adjustment approach cooperates with the proposed saturation enhancement methods to virtually restore the ancient Chinese paintings.
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Kan, Ming-Cheng, and 甘敏成. "Better Color Coordinates for Consistent Color Image Segmentation." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68168919036144288730.
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碩士國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
89
Color image segmentation is achieved through direct combination of the segmented image from color component images. Since many color coordinates are available, there must be one that is most suitable for image segmentation. This thesis proposed agreement, orthogonality and spectral similarity measure as criteria to decide which coordinate is the best. According to our simulation results, is always the best coordinate for color image segmentation no matter which measure is employed. The organization of this thesis is as follows. Chapter 2 reviews the watershed algorithm used for image segmentation and some backgrounds about color coordinates. The criteria and procedures to decide which color coordinate is the best is shown in Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 is experimental results. Finally the conclusion and discussions are given in Chapter 5.
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Yu, Chia-Hui, and 游佳惠. "A universal color quantization for different color spaces." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03811954070636525053.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
資訊工程學系
90
This study proposes a universal color quantization for different color spaces. First, we analyze and compare the differences between common used color spaces, for example, RGB, YCrCb, YIQ, I1I2I3, HSV, L*a*b* and L*u*v*. Second, we analyze the distributions of colors used for real color images. On the basis of the analysis, a universal color quantization is proposed for color image retrieval in various color spaces. Experimental results show that that the proposed color quantization is effective for color image retrieval and superior to other methods.
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Chen, Yu-fan, and 陳昱帆. "The Effect of Color Areas on Color Image." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18755679825528933137.
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碩士國立成功大學
工業設計學系碩博士班
96
This study used the application of filtration for adjective to find out the most popular vocabulary and identification. Choosing the first ten vocabularies and compared with each other by pair to make groups and let one of the vocabularies which is the most popular groups to be the representative one and then made five groups in the end. It adopted 35 kinds of color samples that differentiated from five combinations “The Same Hues” , “Nearly Hues” , “Contradistinctive Hues” and “Complementary Hues”. In the view of two color area, it sets there ration which are「75:25」,「50:50」,「25:75」and scores them by Likert scale, after that it can find out the common element. The results are stated as follows: (1) The color combination will change from the augmentation of angle in color cycle, and it moves to the fourth quadrant step by step in the aspect of 2D. There is few difference in vocabulary without “harmonic” and “conflict” and the result converses in “bright” and “purred”. (2) In the aspect of color combination, “harmonic” and “conflict” are more distinct then others. (3) In the aspect of color combination, the result reveals that the combination of tone is better than hues, in the other hand, the result of variety of area reveal that the combination of hues will not be distinct from others. In the ration of area, “bright” and “purred” will differentiate easily when it changes from single color to double color. The influence of color area is not the same as the change of hues and tone, although it can change it’s semantics.
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Taft, Charles. "Generality aspects of color naming and color meaning /." 1997. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=007835951&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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