Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Colonization'
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Westley, Kieran Lawrence Carter. "Coastal colonization in prehistory." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438040.
Full textBondarenko, M. "Space colonization. Mars One." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40355.
Full textKorcari, Barbara. "Aboriginal Australia: from colonization to resistance." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Find full textHabash, Marc B. "Prevention of bacterial colonization of biomaterials." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq30855.pdf.
Full textClarke, J. A. "Yirrkala : the continuing process of colonization /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arc598.pdf.
Full textDownes, Daniel M. (Daniel Mark) Carleton University Dissertation Communication. "Manifesting destiny: the colonization of cyberspace." Ottawa, 1993.
Find full textSims, Christy-Dale L. "Disrupting race, claiming colonization| Collective remembering and rhetorical colonization in negotiating (Native)American identities in the U.S." Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3562050.
Full textThis critical rhetorical critique interrogates rhetorics of memory in negotiations of national identity, especially as they address race and colonialism. We need to rethink race in more complex ways that disrupt homogenous conceptions of who belongs in the U.S., instead embracing the possibilities offered in those liminal spaces of racial national identities, such as (Native)American. Doing so requires acknowledging the reverberations of past rhetorics in contemporary sense-making and how those echoes vary across communities. In exploring how we (mis)remember race and colonization in relation to nation, my concern lies in exposing some of the persistent rhetorical strategies that impede social justice efforts by marginalized communities, as well as the resistive rhetorics these communities respond with.
Pursuing this project, I rely on investigating rhetorical mnemonic strategies of race, nation, and colonialism in everyday discourses about the relationship(s) between a Euro-American community in Lawrence, Kansas and a pan-Indian community associated with Haskell Indian Nations University (HINU) to reveal how we negotiate national identities in relation to the past and to one another. At its core, this ideological critique of rhetorics of race, nation, memory and colonialism is an investigation of identity negotiation among two representative communities in disparate positions of power, their places constituted across several centuries of racist discourses that we too-often continue to rely on. In examining historic Assimilation Era discourses from Haskell Indian Boarding School as well as recent discourses produced by the Lawrence, Kansas, and HINU communities about a local land controversy, I interrogate the role of memory in contemporary negotiations of identity and reveal ways the normative assumptions of U.S. citizenship are profoundly raced. I also propose the idea of “enabling uncertainty” as a perspective that explicitly troubles narrow and limiting conceptions of racial identities, highlighting the idea through discussion of the complex ways (Native)Americans navigate the interstices between Native and American identities.
Page, Sebastian Nicholas. "The American Civil War and black colonization." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8a344a9f-1264-4f70-bef5-f9a4b40162d4.
Full textKhavhagali, Vhalinavho Patterson. "Forest colonization of savannas : patterns and process." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6110.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 95-102).
In this study, I explored factors that influence forest colonization in a South African savanna. I used a 50 year fire experiment in the Kruger National Park to explore patterns of forest colonization in a mesic Terminalia sericea savanna. I studied woody seedling and sapling distribution in relation to different burning treatments, including no burning, and microsite position - in the open or under the canopy of tall trees. The study showed that species richness and abundance was greatest under Sclerocarya birrea, low under Terminalia sericea and lowest in the open habitats. Low fire frequency increased species richness and abundance under S. biirea, but not under T. sericea or the open habitats. Fire sensitive or fire-intolerant species were highest under tree canopies on unburnt and triennial burn plots, whereas frequently burnt (annual or biennial) plots, had fire tolerant and typical savanna species. Frequent burning reduced woody plant biomass by killing seedlings, saplings and adult trees. Fire exclusion led to a higher seedling and sapling recruitment under S. birrea and T. sericea than open habitats.
Maruska, John, and Judah Schad. "MARS-COLONIZATION SENSOR SYSTEM FOR SOIL ANALYSIS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624182.
Full textBain, Anthony. "Colonization and adaptations of Ficus in Taiwan." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20005/document.
Full textThe Island of Taiwan appeared some two million years ago. We investigated the Ficus species of Taiwan in order to understand how the island was colonized and how insular conditions affected the colonizing species. Genus Ficus is characterized by its mutualistic association with highly dispersive pollinating wasps. Further figs, the closed inflorescences of Ficus, are consumed by a large number of highly efficient seed dispersers. We developed a set of portable genetic markers in order to analyze several species using a single set of markers. We then analyzed genetic structuring within Taiwan in a set of four species. One species presented clear genetic differentiation in the warm south Taiwan, suggesting the possibility of incipient ecological speciation in a highly dispersive species. Another species presented indications of ongoing selective processes also in south Taiwan. On a broader scale we show that microsatellite data and notably R statistics provide useful insights into Ficus phylogeography. In several species, continental Asia seems to correspond to a single genetic background despite strong genetic differentiation among populations. For Ficus variegata, we show that it colonized Taiwan from the Philippines and we detect no trace of gene flow from the continent. An investigation of Ficus reproductive phenology suggests that only species producing frequent fig crops have established on the island. This work opens up a series of perspectives on the response of Ficus to insular conditions
Mason, Matthew R. "Contribution of ethnicity to subgingival microbial colonization." Connect to resource, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/36609.
Full textRogers, Jennifer Roberts. "Nutrient-driven colonization and weathering of silicates /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004368.
Full textLoo, Cheen Yau. "Surface properties and colonization potential of Actinomyces." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4709.
Full textRASPINI, BENEDETTA. "Early life microbiota colonization. The A.MA.MI Study." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1452760.
Full textABSTRACT Background. The intestinal microbiome is relatively dynamic during the first years of life, becoming relatively stable throughout a lifetime, thus dictating adult life's future health. There are many factors influencing gut microbiome composition, including maternal pre-pregnancy, body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (WG), type of feeding, weaning timing, and birth/family environment. Objectives. The study aims to investigate the intestinal microbiome development of infants (ages 0-12 months) and to analyze how prenatal and postnatal factors, including maternal BMI and weight gain during pregnancy, type of feeding, time and type of weaning, and the presence of siblings in the family, could influence the infant gut microbiome composition at one year of age. Methods. 63 dyads were enrolled at Neonatal Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia. Anthropometric parameters were assessed before discharge (T0), at 30 days from birth (T1), at 6 months (T2) and 1 year (T3); validated questionnaires were used to evaluate mother’s dietary habits and physical activity at each time. Mothers were interviewed about family environment and infants feeding/supplementation at each time. For each child a stool sample was collected at each time and analyzed using metagenomics 16s ribosomal RNA gene sequence-based methods. Cluster and correlation analysis were used to assess changes in the microbial composition across different follow-up times. Results. At one years of age, pre- and perinatal variables were not significantly associated with any bacterial taxon, while postnatal variables showed the major contribution in shaping microbiota. Feeding and weaning were the main influencing factors. Conclusion. Our findings highlighted that microbial colonization during the first year of life is likely affected by various factors resembling a simultaneous effect of multiple variables. Mainly, different variables play a significant role at different time. Thus, these data contribute to add evidence concerning the complex multifactorial interaction of GI-microbiota depending on the various stimuli during the early stages of life. This study will provide the starting point for a future prospective and observational study assessing the potential association between maternal diet and life-style with newborns microbiome composition, their influence on childhood obesity development and the associated increased risk of NCDs in adulthood.
Chen, X. "TAGGING BIOCONTROL STREPTOMYCES TO STUDY LETTUCE COLONIZATION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/345187.
Full textBridlance, Cécile. "Mechanisms controlling microglial colonization of the forebrain." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS217.pdf.
Full textMicroglia are the central nervous system resident macrophages and the main immune sentinels of the brain. Beyond their immune functions, they play key roles in cerebral development and functioning. These immigrants derive from erythromyeloid progenitors generated in the yolk sac and colonize the brain during early embryogenesis. They further proliferate in situ, distribute within the brain parenchyma and self-renew throughout life. The CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) pathway regulates microglial survival and proliferation from embryogenesis up to adulthood, with its two ligands, the cytokines CSF-1 and IL-34, produced by the neural environment. During development, along with a remarkable cellular and transcriptional heterogeneity, microglial distribution follows a stereotypical spatiotemporal pattern. For instance, microglia of a specific subset, called axon-tract associated microglia (ATM), form transient and specific accumulations, or hotspots - a feature conserved across mammalian species. Such pattern of colonization and associated microglial heterogeneity have been linked to specific developmental functions. Yet, how early microglial distribution and heterogeneity are regulated, the potential contributions of neurons and of distinct cellular sources of CSF-1, remain largely to be investigated. Here, we tackled these issues by performing a detailed analysis of microglial proliferation and distribution during mouse forebrain development, and examining how the neural environment may regulate this pattern, either through neuronal activity or CSF-1 expression. We first highlighted the existence of two waves of microglial proliferation: a first global and intense phase during mid-embryogenesis, and a second postnatal phase which intensity and timing vary across forebrain regions. In addition, we found that some transient developmental hotspots of microglia were particularly proliferative. Using two-photon live-imaging on acute brain slices, we confirmed local proliferation and redistribution, but found no evidence of long-range migration. Collectively, our findings indicate that proliferation is an important driver of microglial colonization and contributes to its heterogeneous pattern. Focusing on the cerebral cortex, we first tested during this second wave of proliferation the role of neuronal activity, which emerges at these developmental stages and is known to be monitored by microglia. We found that different perturbations of neuronal activity had no broad effect on microglial numbers and distribution. Next, we examined the roles of CSF-1, using conditional mutants in specific neural populations. Through distinct cre drivers, we showed that CSF-1 from both cortical progenitors and neurons is required for microglial embryonic colonization. More specifically, CSF-1 acts in a dose-dependent manner and has a remarkably local effect, without severely affecting macrophages in the meninges. Consistently, Csf-1 cortical inactivation leads to a drastic absence of microglia only during embryogenesis, supporting a later role of IL-34 as previously reported. In parallel, we examined ATM in the hotspots and observed that they express Csf-1. Using conditional mutants, we revealed that autocrine CSF-1 production by ATM contributes to their proliferation in hotspots. Our findings thus highlight a dual contribution of local neural CSF-1 and microglial CSF-1 in regulating their early developmental distribution. In parallel, I participated in describing a novel function of microglia in the maintenance of tissue integrity at the embryonic ATM hotspot. Altogether, our study sheds light on how microglia proliferate and distribute to colonize the brain as well as on their focal and cell-type dependency on CSF-1. In addition, our conditional cortical mutants provide a groundbreaking tool to study the local and specific roles of microglia during prenatal development and opens the path to further dissect the relative contributions of CSF-1R ligands
Routh, Joshua. "Determining variable contagiousness of MRSA by setting." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/281793.
Full textObjective and Hypothesis Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is currently a major cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in the United States. In order to characterize the spread of MRSA in the pediatric population we built a probabilistic, discrete-event, individual-based simulation. Specifically, our model looked at the spread of MRSA in households and at schools to determine if there was a difference in communicability between the two settings. Methods We developed a probabilistic, discrete-event, individual-based model. This model was validated using insurance billing data for skin and soft tissue infections. The first validation trained the model for two years of data, and validated it with the next two years of data. The second method trained the model in one region and validated it in another. Following the validation, the Poisson-bootstrap resampling method was used to find specific values for a contagiousness factor(CF) in households and schools. Results Both methods of validation supported the model with no statistically significant difference. The bootstrap resulted in a CFhousehold of 30.69 (95% CI [29.09, 32.29]) and a CFschool of 0.55 (95% CI [0.46 to 0.64]). Effective reproduction number for the school setting was found to be 0.0015 and 0.06 to 3.04 for households of different size. Conclusion In this study we characterize a marked difference in communicability in the household and at school, which has not previously been shown. The identification of colonization clusters in households can be used to design strategies reduce the disease burden. The model can be used to simulate and predict responses to different interventions.
Puig, Pitarch Carmen. "Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: colonization, infection and biofilm formation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/311616.
Full textHaemophilus influenzae és un patogen oportunista que forma part de la microbiota nasofaríngia humana. Aquest microorganisme es classifica en soques capsulades i no capsulades o no tipables (HiNT) depenent de la presència d’una càpsula polisacarídica. Tot i que H. influenzae és un comensal respiratori comú, posseeix la capacitat de causar diferents infeccions, especialment en pacients amb malalties de base. Les infeccions respiratòries més freqüents causades per H. influenzae són les exacerbacions agudes en pacients amb Malaltia Pulmonar Obstructiva Crònica (MPOC), pneumònia adquirida en la comunitat (PAC), exacerbacions en pacients amb fibrosis quística i otitis mitjana. A més, aquest patogen és també una causa freqüent de malalties invasives com bacterièmia i meningitis. Abans de la introducció de la vacuna conjugada, H. influenzae serotipus b (Hib) fou la causa principal de meningitis en nens/es menors de cinc anys d’edat. No obstant, l'efectiva vacunació ha causat un dramàtic descens del Hib permetent l’expansió dels HiNT, que s’estan convertint en un patogen més rellevant tant en infeccions respiratòries com en infeccions invasives. Els objectius plantejats en aquesta tesis, foren l’estudi de tres aspectes de la epidemiologia dels HiNT en l'etapa posterior a la introducció de la vacuna en Barcelona: la genotipificació molecular, la resistència antibiòtica i la formació de biofilm en soques d’HiNT aïllades de nens/es sans i de pacients adults amb PAC, MPOC i malalties invasives. L’objectiu de la primera part d’aquesta tesis fou caracteritzar les poblacions d’HiNT involucrades en les infeccions en pacients adults de l’hospital de Bellvitge així com la determinació de la freqüència de colonització orofaríngia d’HiNT en nens/es sans que van a llars d’infants en Oviedo. L’objectiu de la segona part de la tesis fou determinar els perfils de susceptibilitat antibiòtica dels aïllats clínics d’HiNT, emfatitzant en la caracterització molecular de la resistencia a B-lactàmics i fluoroquinolones, ja que són els antibiòtics més utilitzats en el tractament de les infeccions per HiNT. L’última part de la tesis està enfocada a l’estudi de l’adhesió i la formació de biofilm. El biofilm és un dels mecanismes que els microorganismes han desenvolupat per a la protecció i supervivència en ambients hostils. Una vegada l’estructura del biofilm està formada és molt difícil d’eliminar i, com a conseqüència, les infeccions associades a biofilm presenten símptomes recurrents. Tot i que la formació de biofilm per HiNT roman controvertida, estructures tipus biofilm s’han observat en la mucosa de l’oïda mitjana en models experimentals d’otitis mitjana en xinxilla. En conjunt, tots els estudis discutits en aquesta tesis contribueixen a ampliar el coneixement de la epidemiologia clínica, la resistència antibiòtica i la formació de biofilm de les poblacions d’HiNT en un període posterior a la introducció de la vacuna.
Anderson, Robin. "Diabetes in Gitxaała : colonization, assimilation, and economic change." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31544.
Full textArts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
Hewitt, Nina. "Plant dispersal and colonization in fragmented forest systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ43425.pdf.
Full textAgvald-Öhman, Christina. "Colonization, infection and dissemination in intensive care patients /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-075-6/.
Full textLayton, Raymond J. "Macroinvertebrate colonization and production in new experimental ponds." Diss., This resource online, 1989. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03042009-040552/.
Full textAl-Obaidi, A. S. R. "The colonization of young chicks with Campylobacter jejuni." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235177.
Full textChambouleyron, Rafael Ivan. "Portuguese colonization of the Amazon region, 1640-1706." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615020.
Full textDiederichs, Shanna R. "Basketmaker III Colonization and the San Juan Frontier." Thesis, Northern Arizona University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10125347.
Full textDemographic expansion and colonization of new territories by agriculturalists is characteristic of Neolithic transitions around the world. The central San Juan region of the northern Southwest was first colonized by ancestral Pueblo farming populations during the Basketmaker III period (A.D. 500-725) after nearly 1000 years of avoidance by early farmers during the previous Basketmaker II period (500 B.C.-500 A.D.). This thesis examines the social processes that contributed to this demographic shift through historical reconstruction and an assessment of architecture and ritual features during colonization. These analyses demonstrate that what began as a socio-political boundary between culturally distinct populations was transformed by historical events and social adaptation into a multi-cultural colonization frontier organized around burgeoning social institutions.
Reyes, Gaige Andres Jose. "Invasion potential and colonization dynamics of Fusarium proliferatum." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32804.
Full textDepartment of Plant Pathology
James Stack
The trade of food, plant, and animal products has increased the worldwide movement and establishment of exotic pathogens with dramatic negative impacts on plant systems. Fusarium proliferatum is a broad host-range pathogen and among the most common maize pathogens globally. It is often seed-borne and symptomless in maize, making it a high risk for introduction in maize and other grains. Considering the global distribution of maize and the wide host range and production of mycotoxins by F. proliferatum, a better understanding of its life history is needed. To provide markers for tracking F. proliferatum in laboratory experiments, strains of F. proliferatum were transformed to express a green fluorescent protein (GFP). Active dispersal (at least 1.5cm at 25°C and -50mb soil matric potential) and colonization of organic matter in nonsterile field soil was demonstrated in soil microcosms. Fusarium verticillioides is commonly isolated from maize seed also colonized by F. proliferatum. A red fluorescent (mRFP) F. verticillioides transformant was developed to study competition with F. proliferatum. For quantification in host tissues, a TaqMan multiplex qPCR protocol was developed using primer and probe sets targeting fragments of the green and red fluorescence genes to detect F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides, respectively. Prior colonization of maize tissues by F. verticillioides (p=0.6749) and other seed-borne microorganisms (p=0.1910) did not affect subsequent colonization by F. proliferatum. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was used to identify genetic markers in F. proliferatum. Primer sets based GBS markers were designed to allow detection of specific isolates in field experiments. F. proliferatum populations were characterized from maize seed prior to planting and again after harvest. End-point PCR identified F. proliferatum isolates containing the GBS marker. AFLP-fingerprinting indicated that 23 of the 817 F. proliferatum isolates contained the molecular marker and were genetically related to the original isolate. Based on the subclade and percentage similarity in UPGMA phylogenetic trees, and the population grouping observed in STRUCTURE and Principal Coordinate Analysis, these isolates could have a single origin and be clonal. Understanding the life cycle of F. proliferatum is critical for learning more about the risk of introducing seed-borne exotic isolates into new environments.
Subida, Maria Dulce Nascimento da Costa. "Colonization and sucession of macrofauna in artificial substractes." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/966.
Full textNa colonização de um novo substrato por macroinvertebrados bentónicos, os colonizadores iniciais, maioritariamente provenientes de habitats adjacentes, podem estabelecer-se quer por meio de assentamento e recrutamento larvar, quer por dispersão de organismos adultos. Estes colonizadores respondem não só a propriedades físicas do substrato, reflectindo a sua capacidade e/ou necessidade de explorar novos recursos, mas também à presença de outros indivíduos, iniciando a cadeia de interacções bióticas que caracterizam a sucessão ecológica. O padrão temporal dos colonizadores iniciais pode determinar o decorrer da sucessão da comunidade não só pela ocorrência de fenómenos de inibição e facilitação, mas também pelo efeito da contínua chegada de novos colonizadores. Por conseguinte, a dinâmica inicial de sucessão é fortemente condicionada por flutuações das variáveis ambientais. No entanto, à medida que a sucessão avança, a instabilidade inicial vai paulatinamente dando lugar a uma situação de quasi-equilíbrio, na qual a dinâmica da comunidade passa a ser determinada por características dos ciclos de vida e por mecanismos de dominância das espécies que a compõem. A natureza dinâmica dos ecossistemas costeiros, como a Ria de Aveiro, dita a necessidade de estudar os processos de colonização e sucessão em condições ambientais muito específicas, de modo a poder determinar as tendências gerais de recuperação do ecossistema depois de uma perturbação, tanto ao nível das populações como ao nível das comunidades. Neste sentido, e com o objectivo de aprofundar o conhecimento dos mecanismos que regem ditos processos em comunidades macrobentónicas de substratos duro, o presente trabalho baseou-se numa série de experiências de campo com substratos artificiais (AS), levadas a cabo em dois pontos da Ria de Aveiro com condições hidrodinâmicas contrastantes. Num estudo preliminar de curta duração, réplicas de quatro tipos distintos de AS foram submergidas nos pontos experimentais e posteriormente recolhidos em três ocasiões durante um período de 6 semanas. Num estudo posterior de longa duração (14 meses), levou-se a cabo uma experiência de colonização em relva artificial, nos mesmo pontos experimentais. Obtiveram-se duas séries de amostras: 1) ‘Monthly’ em que réplicas submergidas num determinado mês, foram colhidas no mês seguinte, durante 14 meses; 2) ‘Start’ em que réplicas submergidas no início do período experimental, foram colhidas cada mês ao longo de 13 meses. Durante todo o período experimental, as principais variáveis ambientais foram monitorizadas mensalmente, através de medições efectuadas nos mesmos dias das amostragens, e sazonalmente através de medições efectuadas durante ciclos de 24 horas. A amostragem com substratos artificiais, revelou ser um método bastante efectivo na avaliação da diversidade de macrofauna bentónica infralitoral na Ria de Aveiro. Ao longo deste trabalho, foram colhidos um total de 440710 indivíduos pertencentes a 143 taxa. Observou-se uma grande assimetria na composição faunística dos dois pontos experimentais: a densidade máxima registada no ponto confinado foi de quase dois milhões de ind.m-2 , para um número máximo de taxa identificados de 31; no ponto exposto a densidade máxima não chegou a meio milhão de ind.m-2, mas foram identificados 110 taxa. De um modo geral, a estrutura das comunidades colonizadoras foi determinada pela acção negativa da complexidade dos AS, pelo efeito conjunto e a pequena-escala da heterogeneidade e variáveis ambientais, e pelo grau de confinamento dos pontos de amostragem. No ponto experimental mais exposto, os diferentes tipos de AS usados desenvolveram comunidades bentónicas muito diferentes e com dinâmicas de sucessão distintas, mas em todo o caso pouco abundantes, com elevada diversidade e altas taxas de renovação. No ponto mais confinado, todos os tipos de AS desenvolveram comunidades dominadas por populações extremamente densas de Corophium acherusicum, apresentando tendências semelhantes de sucessão e baixas taxas de renovação. Os mecanismos iniciais de sucessão mais relevantes, parecem ter sido conduzidos por fenómenos de inibição no ponto mais confinado e de tolerância no ponto mais exposto. O substrato que melhor desempenho mostrou durante o estudo preliminar foi a relva artificial. No estudo de longa-duração, as comunidades com um mês de idade mostraram uma componente sazonal muito marcada em ambos pontos experimentais, em resposta a flutuações sazonais da temperatura e salinidade da água, reflectindo por um lado a flutuação temporal da disponibilidade de indivíduos colonizadores e por outro, a ocorrência de relações interespecíficas pós-colonização. No entanto, as principais diferenças espaciais detectadas no estudo preliminar mantiveram-se nesta segunda fase. No ponto mais exposto as comunidades desenvolveram-se em dois passos: um period inicial de colonização nos primeiros 2-3 meses, seguido do período de sucessão conducente a uma estabilização da estrutura da comunidade. A dinâmica de colonização inicial foi determinada pela flutuação sazonal e competição interespecífica de cinco espécies de mobilidade reduzida e perfil essencialmente oportunista: C. acherusicum, C. acutum, Aora gracilis, Pomatoceros triqueter and Mytilus galloprovincialis. A actividade destes recrutas iniciais promoveu o posterior estabelecimento de espécies com preferências tróficas mais amplas. Este aumento da complexidade trófica foi acompanhado por uma estabilização do quociente colonização/emigração entre os três e os seis meses de colonização. As comunidades no equilíbrio foram condicionadas fundamentalmente por processos autogénicos, como a competição não-exclusiva. No ponto mais confinado, o padrão temporal das comunidades foi sobretudo determinado por alternâncias na dominância de três espécie altamente abundantes (C. acherusicum, Leptocheirus pilosus e Polydora sp.) provocadas por mecanismos de exclusão competitiva, despoletados por variações sazonais na disponibilidade de colonizadores e de fontes de alimento e protecção.
In the colonization of an open space by benthic invertebrates, early colonists, which are likely to be produced from the adjacent established community, may come either from larval settlement and recruitment or from adult dispersal. During settlement they respond not only to physical properties of the substrate, reflecting their ability and/or need to explore newly available resources, but also to the presence of concurrent establishers, triggering the complex net of biotic interactions of ecological succession. The temporal pattern of early colonization may dictate the progress of assemblage succession not only through intraassemblage post-colonization processes such as inhibition and facilitation, but also through the effect of the continuous arrival of colonists. Hence, in subtidal benthic assemblages, early successional dynamics is strongly dependent on patterns of environmental variability. Initial highly variable assemblages may though be gradually replaced by more stable ones, where life-history traits and dominance will be the major determinants of assemblage dynamics. The dynamic nature of coastal ecosystems, such as Ria de Aveiro, dictates the need to develop studies of colonization and succession under specific habitat conditions, in order to determine the general patterns of recovery following disturbance at community and population levels. As so, in order to understand the mechanisms behind those processes in hard-bottom macrofaunal communities of Ria de Aveiro, a set of experiments using artificial substrates (AS) were carried out at two sites with contrasting hydrodynamics. A short-term pilot experiment was conducted, where replicates of four types of AS were deployed at the experimental sites and sampled in three occasions over a period of six weeks. Afterwards, a long-term colonization experiment using artificial grass as AS was carried out at the experimental sites. Two series of samples were obtained: 1)’Monthly’ series –replicates deployed each month were collected in the following month, over a period of 14 months; 2)’Start’ series –replicates deployed at the beginning of the experiment were sampled each month over a period of 13 months. During the experimental period, the main environmental parameters were monitored through monthly records and seasonal 24 hour-cycles. The use of artificial substrates proved to be a very effective way to evaluate the diversity of hard-bottom assemblages in Ria de Aveiro. A total of 440710 individuals ascribed to 143 taxa were collected. There was an important site asymmetry in assemblage composition: the maximum density recorded in the confined site was about two million ind.m-2, while in the exposed site it did not reach the half-million ind.m-2; moreover, a maximum of 31 taxa were recorded in the confined site while 110 were recorded in the exposed site. Overall, the structure of the colonist assemblages was determined by the negative effect of AS complexity, the environment-dependent effect of smallscale substrate heterogeneity and by the general degree of confinement. of the sampling sites. In the exposed site, each AS type yielded distinct high diversity and low abundance assemblages, each of them with its particular successional dynamics, but always with high turnover rates. In the confined site, all AS yielded assemblages dominated by extremely dense populations of Corophium acherusicum and showed similar trends of successional dynamics marked by low turnover rates. The relevant early successional mechanisms identified seemed to be majorly driven by inhibition and tolerance in the confined and exposed site, respectively. During the pilot experiments, artificial grass showed the best performance as experimental AS. The long term-study allowed to develop a first approach in the explanation of the mechanisms behind colonization and succession of subtidal hardsubstrates, in Ria de Aveiro. At both sites the development of 1-month assemblages showed a strong seasonal component, associated with seasonal fluctuations in water temperature and salinity, which reflected the temporal fluctuation of colonist availability and short-term post-colonization interactions. However, the main site differences identified in the pilot experiments were confirmed to occur in the long-term experiment. In the exposed site the development of macrofaunal assemblages, occurred in two steps: an initial colonization and early succession period during the first 2-3 colonization months followed by the successional period of assemblage structure stabilization. Early colonists were majorly mobile amphipods, although shortterm post-colonization dynamics was determined by seasonal fluctuations and inter-specific competition of five low mobility species with an opportunistic profile: C. acherusicum, C. acutum, Aora gracilis, Pomatoceros triqueter and Mytilus galloprovincialis. The activity of these early settlers facilitated the further recruitment of species with a wider trophic preferences. The increase in the trophic complexity of the assemblages was accompanied by a stabilization of the ratio colonization/emigration, somewhere between the three to six months of colonization. The quasi-equilibrium assemblages were mainly ruled by autogenic processes, such as non-exclusive competition. In the confined site, the temporal pattern of the assemblages was primarily dictated by shifts in the dominance of three highly abundant taxa: C. acherusicum, Polydora spp. and Leptocheirus pilosus. These shifts were mostly the result of competitive exclusion, triggered by seasonal variations in the availability of both colonists and food/shelter resources. Hence, assemblages at this confined site seem to maintain a permanent “late colonization” or “early succession” stage, characterized by low trophic complexity.
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Full textEngineering and Applied Sciences
Alvi, Sofia Dildar. "Triple Colonization: Female Characters and Postcolonial Feminist Fiction." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29573.
Full textTumonggor, Meryanne Kusnita. "Genetic Insights On The Human Colonization Of Indonesia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/332827.
Full textOlsson, Jörgen. "Colonization Patterns of Wood-inhabiting Fungi in Boreal Forest." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1907.
Full textRuotsalainen, A. L. (Anna Liisa). "Mycorrhizal colonization and plant performance in arcto-alpine conditions." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514269888.
Full textCyrenne, Lise. "The children of colonization: Privilege and justice in conflict." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27436.
Full textChan, Tak-shing Gilbert, and 陳德成. "Colonization: the root of police corruption in Hong Kong?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31975252.
Full textStahl, Martin. "Colonization of the Intestinal Mucus Layer by Campylobacter jejuni." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22861.
Full textAmijee, F. "Colonization of root systems by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374170.
Full textRosenzweig, Michael S. "Phytoplankton colonization and seasonal succession in new experimental ponds." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31916.
Full textKleber, Michaela Y. "Gendered Societies, Sexual Empires: French Colonization Among The Illinois." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1593091816.
Full textKargar, Mehdi. "Controlling Microbial Colonization and Biofilm Formation Using Topographical Cues." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71741.
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Papapostolou, Anastasia. "Role of Genetics in Subgingival and Supragingival Bacterial Colonization." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243453546.
Full textBillebo, Sofia. "Re-colonization of Wolves in Sweden – Conflicting Rural Realities." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-145100.
Full textHansen, Caroline Anne. "Conquest and colonization in the Colombian Choco 1510-1740 /." Thesis, Online version, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.303374.
Full textOlsson, Jörgen. "Colonization patterns of wood-inhabiting fungi in boreal forest /." Umeå : Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1907.
Full textRomaniello, Matthew Paul. "Conquest, Colonization and Orthodoxy : Muscovy and Kazan', 1552-1682." Connect to resource, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1142004291.
Full textRussell, Chris Caskey. "Tools of self-definition : colonization and Tlingit intellectual traditions /." view abstract or download file of text, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3024529.
Full textTypescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 213-217). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
Chan, Tak-shing Gilbert. "Colonization : the root of police corruption in Hong Kong? /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12840646.
Full textRuotsalainen, Anna Liisa. "Mycorrhizal colonization and plant performance in arcto-alpine conditions /." Oulu [Finland] : Oulun Yliopisto, 2003. http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514269888/html/index.html.
Full textJohnson, Kate Marie. "Species colonization and extinction processes in an island bird community." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54729.
Full textForestry, Faculty of
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Juuso, Lina. "Procedural generation of imaginative trees using a space colonization algorithm." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35577.
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