Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Colonialisme (idée politique) – Au théâtre'
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Freitas-Fernandes, Aurélien. "Le Concert Party hier et aujourd’hui en Afrique de l’ouest : une enquête de terrain (évolution histoire, question dramaturgiques, enjeux esthétiques et sociologiques)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030030.
Full textThis thesis in Theatre Studies, accompanied by a scientific documentary film, is based on a historical and anthropological field study that aims to understand the dramaturgical and sociological issues of a genre of musical cabaret theatre called the Concert Party. From its origins during the colonial period to the present day, the Concert Party has been an extremely popular and subversive artistic movement in West Africa. Produced in the vernacular (Twi, Ewe, Mina...), associated with highlife music and relying on highly coded disguises, make-up and dramaturgy, the shows are still performed in the maquis of the large and medium-sized cities of the West African coast and derisively enjoy turning colonial and racist representations on their head while resisting cultural alienation and political powers. Born in 1930 in the Gold Coast (now Ghana), the genre was exported to its neighbouring country Togo in 1965 after independence. However, the genre's fate in these two countries was very different, without losing its subversive force. The research, which focuses on the history and mutations of the genre up to its present day, is based on research undertaken during several visits to Ghana and Togo, as well as on field experiences from the inside. It was carried out, among other things, by immersion in the Azé Kokovivina Concert Band, Togo's last great concert party company, created in 1985. This also made it possible to collect archives, testimonies and video traces in the form of a scientific report
Léonard, Yves. "Salazarisme, nationalisme et idée coloniale au Portugal." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0008.
Full textThe first part focuses on the colonial idea presented as the keystone of salazarism. It shows how the national sentiment becomes consubstantial of the colonial idea, throughout the intense impreial mystic orchestrated by the salazarist propaganda in the 1930s, to the extent of asserting itself as the intangible base of the regime. The second part focuses on the question of the salazarist regime nature presented as close to a conservative authoritarianism much than fascism, emphasizing the key figure, central and complex, of the dictator. The third part focuses on the posterity of salazarism and its memory in democratic Portugal, since the revolution of April 1974. The European choice, consequence both of the decolonization and of the institutionalization of the democracy, allowed the Portuguese to override the brutal disappearance of centuries-old overseas, without creating, till yet, an absolute war of memories
Marrero, Maria-Rosa. "L' empire du droit ou le droit international saisi par le fait colonial : Le cas de l'Afrique, 1880-1922." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10075.
Full textCabranes, Amaia. "L'espace, les hommes et la frontière : les missionnaires du Nord de la Nouvelle-Espagne au XVIIe siècle." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100080/document.
Full textIn the XVIIth century, the conquering advance of Spaniards was met by resistance from territories and men in the north of New Spain. The vast septentrional reaches were then consolidated as frontier regions, as the most remote areas were barely explored, while regions located closer to settlement centers were progressively, yet precariously, integrated to monarchy. In the course of the century, missionaries, especially Franciscans and Jesuits, played a very active role in the appropriation process of border regions. As explorers, evangelists and colonizers for the King of Spain, they gradually settled in the septentrional regions. At first, it was necessary to imagine unknown reaches: California, New Mexico. Picking from a set of myths and knowledge with a dual – European and Native American – origin, the priests drew up maps and reports of the coveted areas. As time passed, representations showed increased American influence. In parallel, as integration of New Biscay progressed, the Company of Jesus articulated a network of missions with the objective to christianize – “civilize” – populations and occupy the territories that resisted conquest. The missionaries had to adapt their appropriation strategies to land characteristics. Finally, missionaries had to face difficult life conditions at the northern frontiers, and were at times disheartened in their work and lapsed into rather unorthodox behaviors from a religious point of view
Al-Labadi, Taher. "De la dépossession à l'intégration économique : économie politique du colonialisme en Palestine." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090021/document.
Full textMost economic studies that have been done on Palestine are committed, whether explicitly or not, to overcome the ubiquity of the conflict between Palestinians and Israelis. Indeed, this is in line with standard economic thinking which places the market at the center of its interests, and overlooks “facts of power” in social relations. Yet, at the same time, they manage to show that politics is an obstacle to the flow of the economy, and therefore, express their wish that the latter becomes an alternative to the former. These works are dominant; they contribute to policy-making and guide the spending of international financial aid to Palestinians.By contrast, I consider the pauperization of Palestinian society a result of the colonial policy of dispossession. The consequences of this policy are manifest in the economic dependency of Palestinians, hence the loss of political autonomy. Indeed, since the British Mandate of Palestine, Zionist colonization of the country came at the expense of the Palestinian Arab presence. In Israel, after 1948, and in the newly occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip, after 67, this process of dispossession went hand in hand with an economic integration that has continued until this day.In parallel, the peace process that had begun in Oslo in 1993 contributed to the modeling of a subjugated area integrated into neoliberal globalization under US hegemony. Thus, the transfer of funds established by international financial aid, the exhortation made by the international community to the Palestinians to participate in the economic growth and development, as well as the integration of the Palestinian economy in the Israeli economy and in globalization, should be considered highly political strategies to eliminate ostensibly relations of power, and therefore, invite Palestinians to accept their subjugation. In that sense, economics as well as politics, appear to be “war by other means”
Yassine-Diab, Nadia. "Aliénation et réinvention dans l'œuvre de Jamaica Kincaid." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20073.
Full textCaribbean literature maintains a dual relationship with the culture of the former colonizers, hesitating between resistance and imitation, deterritorialization and reterritorialization, alienation and reinvention. Jamaica Kincaid's connection with her literary and historical heritage is a dynamic one. She tests the limits of different genres, placing intermediality and transgenericity at the heart of her writing and thereby avoiding subjection to any given form. Her writing is postcolonial in the political more than the historical sense. Like Kincaid herself, the characters explore the boundaries between filiation and affiliation, adopting strategies of reappropriation to respond to their alienation in their relationships with their mothers. Their reclaiming of their bodies leads to self-reinvention, and to the reappropriation of history and space. Kincaid herself searches for an artistic space in which to reinvent herself. She combines photography, painting, and gardening with writing, adopting different strategies for reappropriating and decolonizing language. She writes in the oppressor's tongue and subverts it, combining different voices in the space of her texts
Goheneix-Minisini, Alice. "Le français colonial : politiques et pratiques de la langue nationale dans l’Empire (1880-1962)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0052.
Full textPublications dealing with « Francophonie » both emphasize the role of African independence leaders and underplay its colonial origins. We produce a more balanced history, highlighting the ambigous role assigned to language in the natives’ acculturation process based on two streams of sources. The rationale developed by the fathers of the French colonial idea, the founders of the Alliance Française and by Onésime Reclus, who coined the term “Francophonie” in 1880 is one major set. The other includes legislative documents and school curricula dealing with lingustic matters in the colonies. The ambiguity stems from a simultaneous desire to create resemblance (so as to assert imperial power and stimulate trade with the colonies) and to maintain, through differential mastery of the language, a distance between colonial agents and natives. French inculturation was thus designed to avoid, on the one hand, that too many natives be left out at the risk of becoming hostile to colonization and, on the other hand, to keep natives out of the community of French citizens. In the final analysis, the « francophone project » that emerged during the independence movements led by a minority of highly educated “french-speaking” natives remains ambiguous. French nationalism provides a successful account of the project’s civilizing mission, which allowed colonized populations to conceptualize their emancipation while simultaneously allowing to keep them within a French cultural sphere of influence. Conversly, it is also possible to analyze the project as a legacy of the “Negritude” movement and the uprooting of the language from its national origins
Thomas, Frédéric. "La forêt mise à nu : essai anthropologique sur la construction d'un objet scientifique tropical : "forêts et bois coloniaux d'Indochine" : 1860-1940." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0123.
Full textThe end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century represent a milestone in the formation of those colonial sciences concerned with tropical environments. The following dissertation examines this process of construction from a specific focal point, I. E. , colonial forestry in Indochina. First perceived by the colonialists as being void of inhabitants, tropical forsts were rapidly appropriated and exploited intensively. This process of mise en valeur, however, was challenged by the indigenous populations who could and did indeed oppose their own forest uses and values. How did such encounters take place? Did they lead to the mere confrontation of two irreconcilable systems of knowledge and practices, or to various forms of adaptation and compromise, or to effective procedures of hybridization? This essay provides answers to such questions that seek to challenge the diffusionist model of modern european science rolling over the world, utterly impervious to foreign influence. A somewhat different image of colonial technoscience thus emerges. If indeed vernacular knowledges were more often than not disqualified, it is argued that they did exert some influence on in situ colonial forestry
Pedroza, de Andrade Rosane. "La construction et la déconstruction du regard sur les corps exotiques brésiliens du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/168102609#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe genealogy of look over a “different and exotic” human body was made up through occidental history of discovery and colonialism. The photography and the anthropology were utilized to analyse the Brazilian iconography en order to question not only a construction of a felling but also an imaginative identity. The images and the artists have been designed traces of a concept of deconstruction of world with their own stories inserted in the contemporary world
Blanchard, Pascal. "Nationalisme et colonialisme : Idéologie coloniale, discours sur l'Afrique et les Africains de la Droite nationaliste française, des années 30 à la Révolution Nationale." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010596.
Full textThe nationalist, reactionary, fascist and "maurrassienne" right elaborate from the 1930's a discourse and a spedifici ideology about the colonial attempt. Since 1880-1910 the nationalist right express an "anticolonialism" until its understanding of the empire during the 20's about which the final will be the imperial glorification, mainly during the Vichy period : the "revolution nationale". The purpose of this study is to present the structure and the influence of the colonial ideology of the "droites". In this outline, the main point studied is the france colonial domain of africa, which is the main concern of the different right parties from the 1920's to 1940-1944. Then it is underlined a "representation" of the Africa and the African natives during this period. This thesis is based upon the analysis of the printing press corpus which represent all the tendancies of the right, and also an investigation to a representative sample of the extreme right and at last this study of the literature during the period. This thesis underline the position of the french right in the colonial structure and its ascendancy on an important fringe of the politic opinion besides the left colonial "ideology" and the "parti colonial". We hope to show throw this study that the french extreme right has a specific colonial ideology and. .
Ferretti, Federico. "L'Occident d'Élisée Reclus." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010512.
Full textOfadjali, Boniface. "Kwame Touré : le rêve africain de Stokely Carmichael (1941-1998)." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070098.
Full textStokely Carmichael who became Kwame Ture in 1979 was born in 1941 in Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago) In 1952, aged eleven, he left his birth place and moved to the United States and in September 1960, he joined the Civil Rights movement which had. Been fighting for black Americans' constitutional rights. In June 1966 however, Stokely Carmichael launched the black nationalist concept Black Power which rejected the values and policies of the Civil Rights movement and advocated the political and economic independence of American blacks while asking them to be proud of their African cultural heritage. Black Power propelled Stokely Carmichael at the center of the American and international political arena and he soon became a young black American controversial and charismatic leader too. But in January 1969, Stokely Carmichael left the African-American movement and settled in Conakry in Guinea where he endorsed the political views of African leaders Kwame Nkrumah and Sékou Touré and became until his death in November 1998 a defender of continental pan-africanism. The passage of Stokely Carmichael from the black movement to the pan-africar movement reduced his political struggle to propagating within the African-American community the political ideas of his African mentors that he conceived as the solution of the problems that blacks over the world faced
Grondin, Reine-Claude. "La colonie en province : diffusion et réception du fait colonial en Corrèze et en Haute-Vienne (c. 1830-c. 1939)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010645.
Full textMenelet, Brian. "L'influence des groupes de pression dans la politique coloniale française (1860-1920)." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOD005.
Full textThe most recent studies about pressure groups action in the public decision process show that their current practice knows a great evolution. The comeback of pressure groups in political science literature as subject of academic studies must not make us forgetting that this fact is ancient. Some studies put in evidence the fact that this behavior may be already observed in the middle of the 19th Century. However, few of them explain the importance of the historical emergence of these groups. The study of the influence of pressure groups onto the French colonial policy confirms the oldness of the phenomena of specific interest representation enterprises. This study, about a public policy in a great area and a very long term, leads us to say that the relations between Civil Society and French State about French colonial policy may be dated on the middle of the 19th Century, this moment or a real change in the modalities of collective action. It is also the occasion to confront historical evidence with current political science theories and to put in evidence their lacks and limits
Dor, Tal. "Vers une conscience radicale de libération : récits palestiniens et israéliens de trans/formation décoloniale." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD022/document.
Full textAt the center of this dissertation stands the unending quest for liberation consciousness(es) through radical and critical thought. The epistemological knowledge developed by bell hooksand Paulo Freire, on consciousness transformation towards liberation has been the primary guide in this research. The empirical study expresses what trans/formation of political consciousness means to these participants - several Palestinian and Jewish-Israeli political actors with in the geographical boundaries of the State of Israel. Through long conversational interviews, the research strives to understand the biographical paths which lead the participants to counter-hegemonic performances in their daily life. Colonial consciousness relates to questions both of knowledge and of power and is connected, according to the participants, to a hegemonic position of power, violence and arrogance. The research has shown that while Zionism is defined by all participants as a basisto oppression and to institutionalized domination, it does not determine the fate of the Ashkenazi Jewish-Israelis, the Mizrahi Jewish-Israelis and Palestinian participants in the same way. To engage in liberation trans/formation processes was perceived as an entranceinto an unknown site of transgression from which one acquires knowledge and tools throughout the journey. Vision appears to be a crucial sense through which the participants recount the perpetuation of colonial consciousness, as well as the possibility to develop acounter-hegemonic gaze, which liberates.The participants’ accounts of liberation entail ongoing critical thought that constantly examines reality and unveils the truth about the world. Likewise, it seems that all participants, while in different stages within their processes of liberation, understand the trans/formation of their political consciousness and thus their quest for liberation from colonial structures of thought as a quest for genuine feminist objective knowledge.The accounts have shown that stepping out of binary positions, enables a complex understanding of reality and of one’s own standpoint within it, and are crucial within liberation processes(es). The two first chapters, which comprise the first station called The Gaze, describe what colonial consciousness means to the participants and then outlines the process of liberation, and presents the asymmetric reality from a national standpoint. With the development of a complex reading of Israeli coloniality, the dissertation follows a more multifaceted analysis. It is presented in the second station, called, Act(s) of Liberation : “Doing Critical Thinking”, and presents the acts and tasks one takes in the quest for constant liberation. In Chapter Three, entitled ‘Presencing’ and Chapter Four, entitled, ‘Radical Encounters’ I present the way the development of an oppositional gaze entails constant self reflexivity on one’s own position within the relations of power. How can colonialconsciousness be undone within the Israeli structure of coloniality ? How can people work their way towards alternative ways of living together ? These questions and some other vital ones, are at the basis of this work
Abdelmadjid, Salim. "Un concept d'Afrique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040115.
Full textWe do not know what Africa is, and that ignorance has long had and still has unbearable consequences for African men and women. To bring a healing contribution to that, we undertake to raise the question: what is Africa? as a philosophical question and, in order to answer it, to put together a concept of Africa.Studying the history of Africa, from the end of the 15th century to the independencies, brings out the unifying and liberating productivity of the African negation of the colonial negation of what, thereby, became Africa. What we suggest to call “African negativity” is characterized by its contingent beginning, the relative circumscription of its periods and spaces, the heterogeneous nature of its processes. Its knowledge requires a singular empirical concept of Africa, whose rooting in reality depends on a coherent epistemological organizing of various human sciences in order to analyse, in all possible fields (politics, law, economics, art, and so on), the “dispositifs” of domination of Africa.The knowledge of the ways in which African negativity reaches completion also requires to take into consideration its worldwide dimension. The inadequacy between the concept of world (implying its unity) and its reality (its division, revealed by its asymmetrical frontiers) makes it possible at the same time to assert its inexistence and to fathom the intensity of its splitting apart in Africa.Thus raising the philosophical problem of Africa as that of the inexistence of the world, we further develop its concept as that of the u-topia of the existence of the world, and we maintain the need and radical interdependence of political unifying processes of Africa and the world
Ajari, Norman. "Race et violence : Frantz Fanon à l'épreuve du postcolonial." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20033/document.
Full textThis thesis offers an interpretation of Martiniquais political Philosopher and Psychiatrist Frantz Fanon. It proposes to understand his thinking as a social philosophy of existence. Analyzing it requires to put Fanon back in his time, by setting his work in its context, through modern colonialism history, especially in Africa, and by reading Fanon in light of contemporary thinking, in order to find what in his work remains up to date. This research will unfold in two parts. The first part will explore the very specificities of the colonial model of domination, which have been rather disregarded until these days. The second part will focus on the models of resistance to this domination, like revolutionary actions, to which Fanon gives an original expression. The racist bases of colonialism will be revealed through its numerous implications in Law and Politics, and also in Economy and Psychiatry. The concept of “life-appropriation”, while opposed to Carl Schmitt’s concept of “land-appropriation”, will be the vital lead of this research. The issue will be to maintain that disqualification of specific human groups alone made it possible to monopolize oversea territories. Modalities of this disqualification will be made explicit. The second part aims at showing how Fanon develops what could be named speculative politics, in response to colonial dehumanization. A thinking which objects are less concepts or ideas than actual historically localized power struggles
Caulier, Christophe. "Littérature et engagement, quelle articulation ?(André Gide - Pierre Herbart- Paul Nizan)." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070070.
Full textFrom the early 1920's to the late 1930's, the French literary field was increasingly stamped by politics, as it was under pressure from both the fascist threat and the communist impulse. André Gide, Pierre Herbart and Paul Nizan, witnesses of their own time, authors who were politically involved in favour of communism, as fellow sympathizers (Gide) or else as activists (Herbart and Nizan), had to reconcile the demands of both fields (literary and political) to which they belonged, and occasionally experienced some inhibiting feeling of constraint (Gide did). In all three authors' works, the determining colonial experience, the desire to bear witness on the problems of the world, and the attempt to reconcile literary experience and communist sincerity are studied from biographical, historical, social and literary viewpoints. Lines of thought, genuine impulses, and wishes to conquer were equally present in the violent conflicts which shook the whole of the French cultural field (possibly submitted to the "cultural International") up to the Second World War. During that period, the issue of a literature that could be useful to revolution was permanently raised, and a clear stand -for or against communism- was quickly imposed to the players of that field
Collier, Timothy. "L'École coloniale : la formation des cadres de la France d'outre-mer, 1889-1959." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0603/document.
Full textAs the Third Republic acquired an imposing colonial empire, the creation of the Colonial School, after several unsuccessful attempts, met two requirements. On the one hand, it was necessary to rationalise the recruitment and training of colonial civil servants. On the other hand, it was essential to organise the rapidly-growing body of “colonial knowledge” into a quality syllabus. The conjunction of these two requirements was expected to contribute to the coherence of the French colonial project. The theorists of the Colonial School were convinced that colonisation was a manageable phenomenon. They therefore wanted to turn the school into a real research centre for colonial science. The “feedback” and “field expertise” of its former students were expected to form the basis for a real colonial doctrine which would, in turn, shape the great political decisions of the French government concerning its overseas territories. The study of the profiles of its leaders, who often had strong personalities, of its teachers, who were academics or professionals, and of the 4513 students of the school emphasises the great diversity of all the men - and of the few women - who devoted their lives, each in his or her own way, to the “French colonial enterprise”. The analysis of discourse and of the production mechanisms of “colonial knowledge” sheds new light on how colonisation “experts” tried to reconcile republican and “humanistic” ideals with the requirements of a domination-based project
Duteil, Simon. "Enseignants coloniaux : Madagascar, 1896-1960." Le Havre, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LEHA0029.
Full textOn the entire Madagascar’s French colonization period, thousands of people work in official colonial education with a "European" status which distinguishes them from the colonized. As agents of the colonial State, these teachers are daily actors of French colonialism. Studying these teachers, from the moment they enter the "Service de l'enseignement" to the one they leave, studying the group's composition, their routes, work and place in the colonial society enables to tackle colonial situation under a new point of view, taking account of the complexities and the internal differences within the colonizer's group. This history applies not only to the precise territory of Madagascar, it also clarify some aspects of teachers' social history in the metropole. A thematic approach was used in order to bring to light convergence and rupture points which belongs to the studied phenomena along with chronological approaches in order to analyse precise evolutions, in particular for the perception of colonialism and "civilizing mission" so as the cases of the state agents who were "made available again" to the metropole. This work highlights discrepancies and common interests of these teachers going from differences in the occupations, status and gender but also from variables used in a prosopographical way, like the duration of the presence in the colony, geographical origins or type of education in which they work (European or indigenous)
Agostini, Aldo D'. "Phénoménologie du discours sur le panislamisme dans les sources françaises à la fin du XIXe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10046.
Full textLavault, Théophile. "La fabrique de l’étranger intérieur : généalogie d’une gouvernementalité coloniale." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H227.
Full textIndeavouring to provide with a genealogy of colonial occupation and government apparatuses towardsalterity, this work is set up on a historical continuum that runs from the French conquest of Algeria to contemporary forms of immigration control, where are best shown originating conditions and succesiveadjustments of militaro-pastoral power exerted by the « social officers » of the colonial army in Algeria,Marocco and still further in the metropolis. It is willingly pursuing on grounded fields the projects of agovernmentality history by Michel Foucault, questioning the mecanisms at work within the impersonation ofa character inherent to our political modernity : the interior alien. Through its singular historicity, thischaracter helps us to think about « alter-populations’ » modes of subjection, beyond the limits of nationalversus stranger. From the « indigen » to the « muslim », from the « French muslim from Algeria » to the « immigrated worker », a whole cluster of enunciation can be found into archives. This in turn helps to traceback a colonial genealogy of power that cannot be reduced to the sheer normalisation of bodies andbehaviors, because it aims at transforming the mindsets of the governed people, which we might describe as a « psychopolitical » power
Scheele, Isabell. "Togo allemand - Dahomey français : relations transcoloniales à l'apogée de l'impérialisme européen." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0319.
Full textThe PhD dissertation analyses the relations between German Togo and French Dahomey during the German colonial period (1884-1914). It defends the thesis according to which French-German relations in the Golf of Benin were characterized by an imbalance. The French colony was enlarged and developed faster, due to higher financial and political support. The German policy was aimed at limiting colonisation to the protection of the German trade establishments that were already implanted overseas. Set up as a model colony, Togo was supposed to sustain itself by its own means, without major financial support. The faint endorsement led some German officials to develop feelings of frustration and bitterness toward the government. The French-German relations in West Africa were characterised by general cordiality, a repeated cooperation and a high-valued solidarity between white men. Nevertheless, the colonial officials on the spot perceived each other as rivals. In Berlin and Paris, preventing a French-German conflict in Africa was, at least before the Moroccan crisis (1905 and 1911) seen as priority, which put a brake on local rivalries. The local rulers tried to take advantage of European rivalries. Their attempts in doing so were rarely successful; nevertheless, it allowed them to maintain a certain agency in the process of border demarcation. In Togo, the perception of the German past is nowadays rather positive, and the transport and telecommunication infrastructure largely contribute to this valorization. The present investigation however reveals that the development of infrastructures was much slower in Togo than in neighbouring French Dahomey
Zaraket-Belabed, Raïd. "La poétique de l'espace méditerranéen comme source d'écriture et réflexion identitaire à travers l'expression de l'algérianité (première moitié du XXe siècle)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30012.
Full textThe Mediterranean area has often been at the core of literary thinking through a quest for an identity or a consecration of human history. Mediterranean writings reflect a questioning which is at once historical, philosophical and literary upon peoples’ destinies as those writings are intimately related to colonialism. A true literary identity built up from one side of the Mediterranean Sea to another as a conceptualized and analyzed space. The first Maghrebi writers who composed in French were Algerian colonists. They asserted quite early their own independence from France as they dissociated themselves from travel literature devoted to Algeria. In the early 1920s, Robert Randau and Louis Bertrand introduced the Algerianist movement which strove itself to describe the colonized country from the inside, including its mores and its customs. Later on, starting the 1930s, the Ecole d’Alger is used as an echo chamber to denounce colonial injustice. Albert Camus, Gabriel Audisio or Emmanuel Roblès are, for instance, a part of this circle of influence. Yet, those writers found themselves in an extremely delicate situation as it was strenuous for them to denounce all kinds of injustice related to colonization without betraying their own community. The evolution of the literary and socio-cultural thinking of the Mediterranean identity through the algerianity expressed by two major movements, Algerianism and the Ecole d’Alger, will be studied in such an historical prospect
Séguéla, Matthieu. "Georges Clemenceau et l'Extrême-Orient." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0075.
Full textGeorges Clemenceau (1841-1929) had a rich and many-sided relationship to the Far East. His openness with the Other, his favorable representations of Asians, and his admiration for the Japanese and Chinese civilizations explain part of his defense of extra-European peoples against the domination of the West. The anti-colonialism and anti-imperialism of the radical politician were reinforced during the conquest of Tonkin, the Franco-Chinese Wars (1883-85) and the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion (1900-1901). In politics, as in journalism and literature, the universal principles of Clemenceau are enriched by an original Asiatism, an ideology favorable to the Far East. Artisan of the dialogue of cultures, as a private citizen, he was a major collector of Japanese art and an actor of Japonisme. In 1901 he wrote " The Veil of Happiness ", a play whose inspiration is Chinese. His fascination regarding Far Eastern philosophies, particularly Buddhism, can be found in his writings and orientalist tastes. The colonial and foreign policy of both Clemenceau governments (1906-1909 and 1917-1920) is characterized by a defense of French interests in the Far East. The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1907 restored the territorial integrity of Cambodia but the attempt failed in reforming Indochina. The financial arrangement between France and Japan (1907) provided a policy of rapprochement with Japan, whose modernization Clemenceau admired. During the Great War, he tried unsuccessfully to get military intervention of that country in Europe. He supported Japan, however, against China at the Peace Conference of 1919
Choplin, Cédric. "La représentation des peuples exotiques et des missions dans Feiz ha Breiz (1865-1884)." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00370510.
Full textSeri-Hersch, Iris. "Histoire scolaire, impérialisme(s) et décolonisation(s) : le cas du Soudan anglo-égyptien (1945-1958)." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00700410.
Full textPatel, Parwine. "Genèse et développement d’une rivalité rugbystique entre la Nouvelle-Zélande et l’Afrique du Sud avant l’apartheid (1899-1948) : constructions identitaires, jeux de pouvoirs impériaux et discriminations raciales." Thesis, La Réunion, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LARE0006.
Full textSince its inception, the rugby rivalry between South Africa and New Zealand has been much written about because of its complex and peculiar nature. Over the years, a number of historians (Nauright, 1993; Buckley, 1996; Dobson, 1996), sports journalists (Labuschagne, 1974; Harding & Williams, 2000), activists (Thompson, 1975; Richards, 1999) and even politicians (Templeton, 1998) have examined its history. Most of them usually situate the starting point of this unique duel in 1921, when the first New Zealand tour by the South African national rugby team took place. In this thesis, I wish to show that competitions between these two former British colonies began much earlier, as soon as the first rugby matches were played between New Zealanders and South Africans during the Second Boer War (1899-1902). These tournaments raise at least three socio-political questions through which I analyze, in a chronological order, the history of rugby exchanges between two nations under, construction (Renan, 1882; Hobsbawm, 1990). The aim is, on the one hand, to highlight the process that led to the representation of the South African and New Zealand rugby unions within the international rugby body (International RugbyFootball Board). On the other hand, I examine the evolution of racial relations between players of European origin and indigenous players. Finally, I focus on the creation of national identities in two former territories of the British Empire, which emancipated themselves from the central London-based power at different rates. Using digitized archives, I thus attempt to trace the origins of this rugby rivalry and the racism that characterizes it while shedding light on the logic of imperial domination that were exercised on both the colonist and the colonized (Gleyse, 2004)
Ondoua, Antoine. "Sociologie du corps militaire en Afrique noire : le cas du Cameroun." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G014/document.
Full textIt is a common perception that the army in Africa and more particularly in black Africa, is associated with putsch, riots, rebellions and violence. Yet, specificities can be pointed out, especially in the two following points: political stability and promotion to the highest office. In that way, in francophone africa, Cameroon and Senegal since their independence, have managed to preserve themselves from any violent upheaval. In Cameroon, beyond a certain internization of the rofessional sense ( army submitted to political power), we can state that the political stability is due to the fact that it has blended into a neo-patrimonial system up to the point of becoming itself a neo-patrimonialised institution. Nonetheless, in spite of defending partisan interests (the "Prince", the ruling class and his family) the army turns out to be a symbol of the process of rationalization and democratization of the state (bureaucratic principles, law enforcement, peacekeeping, socio-cultural mixing etc.). The question is now to figure out if the position of the cameroonian army is determined either by the symbol or by the system. In other words, is the Cameroonian army loyal because of its being neo-patrimonialised or because the neo-patrimonial system relies on such loyalty?
Neves, João Manuel. "Soi-même comme un sujet impérial. Littérature coloniale des années 1920 : le cas du Mozambique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://bibnum.univ-paris3.fr/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=257892.
Full textThis research proposes a very thorough examination of Portuguese colonial literature related to Mozambique in the 1920s. In the first part, contextual data is made available and concepts essential for carrying out the study of colonial texts in their historical time are defined. Biographical data about colonial authors and data about their works is presented. The analysis is then centred on the main cores, geographical and morphological, of the constitution and the division of the colonial subjects. The morphological perception of the other, based on a geographical reference, is directly related to the representations of Portuguese race‑thinking, developed to a large extent through Aryan Mythology and Social Darwinism. The texts studied show how the notions of the “struggle of the races” and of survival of the fittest among human communities contributed towards the elaboration of a “strategy of cruelty” and the unleashing of death flows of great intensity. The double process of deterritorialisation of populations through conquest and their reterritorialisation through the social transformation of space by colonial capitalism took place in a political context of totalitarianism. The installation of a racial dictatorship and the generalisation of terror forced the colonised into a position of economic and sexual servitude. The colonial desire also allowed the emergence of hybrid social or cultural forms and a questioning of discursive authority; those found an immediate opposition in the development of a politics of colonial domesticity
Robles, Fanny. "Émergence littéraire et visuelle du muséum humain : les spectacles ethnologiques à Londres, 1853-1859." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20038.
Full textNineteenth-Century ethnological shows involved the display of thousands of colonised people in a variety of urban settings, including zoos, cabarets, private apartments, and scientific institutions. This dissertation focuses on two South African shows in particular: the “Zulu Kafirs” and “Earthmen”, both staged in London in the 1850s. Taking its lead from Charles Dickens’s pamphlet “The Noble Savage”, written after he saw the “Zulus”, this thesis looks at the Victorian fantasy of a “human museum”. Following a historical study of the concepts of “race” and “savagery” in the 18th and 19th centuries, we retrace the evolution of museological practices and look at Dickens’s fascination with a (monstrous) human museum. We then move on to consider Victorian ethnological shows and the African “specimen” as “ethnographical metonym” and myth, displayed in a true “heterotopic fantasy”. This fantasy was realized in the Natural History Department of the Crystal Palace in Sydenham, where casts of the “specimens” on show were arranged in “ecological theatres”. There, the museum visit allowed for social exploration among the visitors, and raised the issue of (moral) cannibalism, at the point at which Victorian capitalism and imperialism met their own contradictions. These are further explored in Bleak House (1853), where Dickens attacks “telescopic philanthropy”, as the “ethnological preference” seemed to go to American slaves, whose narratives were published and staged. In this light, we might read A Tale of Two Cities (1859) as the realisation of the writer’s fear that the Poor might revert to a state of “primitive” savagery, if they remain overlooked in the philanthropists’ human museum
Vaisset, Thomas. "L’amiral Thierry d’Argenlieu : la mer, la foi, la France." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100153.
Full textThis dissertation is a biography of French Admiral Georges Thierry d’Argenlieu (1889-1964), whose religious name was Father Louis de la Trinité, of the Order of Discalced Carmelites.After joining the École Navale in 1906, he took part in the campaign in Morocco and served in the Mediterranean during the First World War. After the conflict, he left the Navy and entered the order of the Discalced Carmelite Friars; this was the consequence of a personal evolution that had started before the war. In 1932, he was elected Provincial Superior of the Order. He was one of the main contributors to the renewal of the Order between the wars. He was mobilised in 1939 and captured during the defence of Cherbourg, but he escaped shortly after and joined De Gaulle in London. From London to Dakar and from Gabon to New Caledonia, he held major positions in the Free French Forces. As the first Chancellor of the Order of the Liberation and a close friend of Général De Gaulle, he had a prominent status in the Navy. In August 1945, he was appointed High Commissioner in Indochina. His mandate was marked by the impossibility to reach an agreement with Hô Chi Minh and the beginning of the First Indochina War. He was recalled to France in 1947 and resumed religious life.This dissertation is notably based on Georges d’Argenlieu’s unpublished personal papers; it aims to provide consistency to the itinerary of a complex man who led an uncompromising life. It explores politico-military relations, the role of Christians in secular society, the relations between senior officers and the French Republic as well as the colonial vision and mores of France at the time of the Liberation