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Journal articles on the topic 'Colloidal Synthesis - Nanocrystals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2023

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1

Erdem, Talha, and Hilmi Volkan Demir. "Colloidal nanocrystals for quality lighting and displays: milestones and recent developments." Nanophotonics 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 74–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2016-0009.

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AbstractRecent advances in colloidal synthesis of nanocrystals have enabled high-quality high-efficiency light-emitting diodes, displays with significantly broader color gamut, and optically-pumped lasers spanning the whole visible regime. Here we review these colloidal platforms covering the milestone studies together with recent developments. In the review, we focus on the devices made of colloidal quantum dots (nanocrystals), colloidal quantum rods (nanorods), and colloidal quantum wells (nanoplatelets) as well as those of solution processed perovskites and phosphor nanocrystals. The review starts with an introduction to colloidal nanocrystal photonics emphasizing the importance of colloidal materials for light-emitting devices. Subsequently,we continue with the summary of important reports on light-emitting diodes, in which colloids are used as the color converters and then as the emissive layers in electroluminescent devices. Also,we review the developments in color enrichment and electroluminescent displays. Next, we present a summary of important reports on the lasing of colloidal semiconductors. Finally, we summarize and conclude the review presenting a future outlook.

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2

Yang, Tung-Han, Shan Zhou, Kyle D. Gilroy, Legna Figueroa-Cosme, Yi-Hsien Lee, Jenn-Ming Wu, and Younan Xia. "Autocatalytic surface reduction and its role in controlling seed-mediated growth of colloidal metal nanocrystals." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 52 (December 11, 2017): 13619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1713907114.

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The growth of colloidal metal nanocrystals typically involves an autocatalytic process, in which the salt precursor adsorbs onto the surface of a growing nanocrystal, followed by chemical reduction to atoms for their incorporation into the nanocrystal. Despite its universal role in the synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals, it is still poorly understood and controlled in terms of kinetics. Through the use of well-defined nanocrystals as seeds, including those with different types of facets, sizes, and internal twin structure, here we quantitatively analyze the kinetics of autocatalytic surface reduction in an effort to control the evolution of nanocrystals into predictable shapes. Our kinetic measurements demonstrate that the activation energy barrier to autocatalytic surface reduction is highly dependent on both the type of facet and the presence of twin boundary, corresponding to distinctive growth patterns and products. Interestingly, the autocatalytic process is effective not only in eliminating homogeneous nucleation but also in activating and sustaining the growth of octahedral nanocrystals. This work represents a major step forward toward achieving a quantitative understanding and control of the autocatalytic process involved in the synthesis of colloidal metal nanocrystals.

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3

Kendall, Owen, Pierce Wainer, Steven Barrow, Joel van Embden, and Enrico Della Gaspera. "Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Colloidal Nanocrystals." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10050863.

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Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) is one of the most studied and established materials for transparent electrode applications. However, the syntheses for FTO nanocrystals are currently very limited, especially for stable and well-dispersed colloids. Here, we present the synthesis and detailed characterization of FTO nanocrystals using a colloidal heat-up reaction. High-quality SnO2 quantum dots are synthesized with a tuneable fluorine amount up to ~10% atomic, and their structural, morphological and optical properties are fully characterized. These colloids show composition-dependent optical properties, including the rise of a dopant-induced surface plasmon resonance in the near infrared.

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4

Della Gaspera, Enrico, Noel W. Duffy, Joel van Embden, Lynne Waddington, Laure Bourgeois, Jacek J. Jasieniak, and Anthony S. R. Chesman. "Plasmonic Ge-doped ZnO nanocrystals." Chemical Communications 51, no. 62 (2015): 12369–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc02429c.

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5

Murray, C. B., Shouheng Sun, W. Gaschler, H. Doyle, T. A. Betley, and C. R. Kagan. "Colloidal synthesis of nanocrystals and nanocrystal superlattices." IBM Journal of Research and Development 45, no. 1 (January 2001): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1147/rd.451.0047.

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6

Li, Dehui, Weichen Qi, Jinglei Xiao, Jing Yang, Yong Wu, Qiao Gao, and Shengyong Zhai. "One-Pot Synthesis of Zincblende CuInSe2 Nanocrystals via a Green Solution Reaction Route." Nano 12, no. 09 (September 2017): 1750107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292017501077.

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The facile and ecofriendly method for the synthesis of a suitable colloidal nanocrystal ink plays an important role in the field of solar cells. Here, we describe our recent efforts toward this direction by a simple one-pot colloidal method to engineer CuInSe2 (CISe) nanocrystals with cubic zincblende (ZB) structure. The suitable band gap value and obvious photoresponse of the as-synthesized CISe nanocrystals indicate their potential application in the field of thin film solar cells. In addition, a possible crystal growth mechanism has been suggested for the formation of ZB CISe.

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7

Gerdes, Frauke, Eugen Klein, Sascha Kull, Mohammad Mehdi Ramin Moayed, Rostyslav Lesyuk, and Christian Klinke. "Halogens in the Synthesis of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 232, no. 9-11 (August 28, 2018): 1267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2018-1164.

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Abstract In this review, we highlight the role of halogenated compounds in the colloidal synthesis of nanostructured semiconductors. Halogen-containing metallic salts used as precursors and halogenated hydrocarbons used as ligands allow stabilizing different shapes and crystal phases, and enable the formation of colloidal systems with different dimensionality. We summarize recent reports on the tremendous influence of these compounds on the physical properties of nanocrystals, like field-effect mobility and solar cell performance and outline main analytical methods for the nanocrystal surface control.

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8

López-Domínguez, Pedro, and Isabel Van Driessche. "Colloidal Oxide Perovskite Nanocrystals: From Synthesis to Application." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 75, no. 5 (May 28, 2021): 376–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2021.376.

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Nanocrystals (NCs) are complex systems that offer a superior level of detailed engineering at the atomic level. The large number of novel and revolutionary applications have made nanocrystals of special interest. In particular oxide perovskites are one of the most widely investigated family of materials in solid-state chemistry, especially for their ferroelectric and superconducting properties. In addition to these well-known properties, perovskites show good electrical conductivity (close to metals), ion conductivity and mixed ionic-electronic conductivity. In that sense, controlled synthesis of nanomaterials with special care over size and shape are essential in many fields of science and technology. Although it is well-known that physical methods deliver excellent quality nanomaterials, their high production cost has increased the interest to more affordable alternative chemical processes. In this review, we focus on the preparation of sub-10 nm oxide perovskite nanocrystals and the main strategies used to control the final properties of the obtained products. In the second part, we present the methods available for nanocrystal solutions processing together with the most remarkable applications foreseen.

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9

Méndez-López, A., A. Morales-Acevedo, Y. J. Acosta-Silva, and M. Ortega-López. "Synthesis and Characterization of Colloidal CZTS Nanocrystals by a Hot-Injection Method." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7486094.

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The present study reports the synthesis of colloidal Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS) nanocrystals (average size ~4–9 nm) by a simple and low cost hot-injection method. These nanocrystals form larger particles with sizes around 40 nm. Oleylamine (OLA) was used as both the solvent and the nanocrystal stabilizer. The effect of the synthesis time on the structural, compositional, morphological, and optical properties was studied. As revealed by XRD, Raman, and TEM measurements all the prepared samples are comprised of both kesterite and wurtzite CZTS nanocrystals. The wurtzite phase contribution reduces as the reaction time is increased. The “bandgap” of the obtained nanoparticles tends to 1.52 eV for the larger synthesis times (24 h) which is suitable for an absorber layer in thin films solar cells.

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10

Gao, Yukun, and PG Yin. "Synthesis of cubic CdSe nanocrystals and their spectral properties." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 7 (January 1, 2017): 184798041770174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847980417701747.

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The cadmium selenide nanocrystals are prepared by colloidal chemistry under mild conditions. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy measurements indicate that as-prepared cadmium selenide nanocrystals are zinc blende cubic structure. We carry out an analysis of quantum size effect in the Raman spectra of cadmium selenide nanocrystals performed by utilizing the chemical bond theory of Raman peak shift developed recently. It is revealed that the shifts of Raman peaks in cadmium selenide nanocrystals result from the overlapping of the quantum effect shifts and surface effect shifts. The sizes of the as-prepared cadmium selenide nanocrystals obtained by employing the Raman peak shift theory are in good agreement with the nanocrystal sizes determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.

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11

Jeong, Jinhoo, Haegeun Chung, Yong Chan Ju, JiWon Moon, JaeSung Roh, Sungho Yoon, Young Rag Do, and Woong Kim. "Colloidal synthesis of Cu2SnSe3 nanocrystals." Materials Letters 64, no. 19 (October 2010): 2043–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2010.07.003.

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12

Svrcek, Vladimir. "(Invited) Atmospheric Plasmas Synthesized Nanocrystals with Quantum Confinement and Quantum Hybrids in Photovoltaics." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 19 (October 9, 2022): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0219889mtgabs.

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Nanocrystals share lot of advantages of organics namely scalable and controlled synthesis, an ability to be processed in solution while additionally retaining the broadband absorption and superior transport properties of traditional photovoltaic semiconductors. Nanocrystal solar cells have the potential to considerably increase the maximum attainable thermodynamic conversion efficiency (> 50%). Nanocrystal solution-processed can be used in solar cell structure not only as an absorber but also as electron and hole transport layer where the HOMO and LUMO levels can be efficiently controlled by size and/or plasma induced surface engineering directly in colloidal solution. Solution-processed and surface engineered nanocrystals with quantum confinement can be then further used to fabricate new class of quantum hybrids when blended for instance with polymers or perovskites and serves as absorbing and/or e-h transporting material. In this presentation, we overview the atmospheric plasma-based approaches to synthesis and surface engineering of nanocrystals with quantum confinement. We will compare surface engineering by fs laser processing in liquid solutions and synthesis of nanocrystals with strong quantum confinement by atmospheric plasmas. Moreover, to understand the thermal stability of nanocrystals observed experimentally, we calculate the cohesive and the formation energies of nanocrystals by means of first-principle calculations. Finally, we overview our recent progress in integration of surface engineered nanocrystal as a quantum hybrids incorporated within perovskites solar cells.

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13

WANG, HUI, YIMING LI, ZHAOFENG LUO, SHUAI ZHOU, JIN SHENG, and QIANWANG CHEN. "SYNTHESIS OF PEG-ENCAPSULATED SUPERPARAMAGNETIC COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS CLUSTERS." Nano 05, no. 06 (December 2010): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292010002244.

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PEG-encapsulated colloidal nanocrystal clusters (CNCs) have been synthesized via a one-step solvothermal process at a temperature of 230°C. The composition, phase, and morphology of these CNCs have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Studies show that each particle is a cluster structure consisting of small primary iron oxide nanocrystals. Magnetic measurements reveal the superparamagnetic nature of these CNCs at room temperature. The CNCs with different sizes (80 nm or 95 nm) can be obtained by changing the time of reaction. The dispersibility and colloidal stability of these CNCs with PEG as the major surface group have also been discussed. In vitro cytotoxicity of these CNCs with different thickness PEG layer on HeLa cell has also been assayed. Cytotoxicity results reveal that the CNCs concentration and the incubation time can influence the cell viability, and the size of CNCs almost does not affect the cell viability.

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14

Panasyuk, Yaroslav V., Oleskandra E. Rayevska, Oleksandr L. Stroyuk, and Stepan Ya Kuchmiy. "A new mild synthesis and optical properties of colloidal ZnO nanocrystals in dimethylformamide/ethanol solutions." MRS Proceedings 1617 (2013): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.1174.

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ABSTRACTA green and mild synthesis of colloidal zinc oxide nanocrystals in ethanol/dimethylformamide mixtures was introduced which allows to produce stable crystalline ZnO particles and tailor their average size in the range of 2.8−4.5 nm by varying temperature and duration of post-synthesis ageing. An increase in dimethylformamide fraction in the mixture results in acceleration of ZnO nanocrystals ripening. Colloidal ZnO nanocrystals emit broadband photoluminescence in the range of 2−3 eV with the quantum yields of up to 12 %.

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15

Wu, Huimeng, Yongan Yang, and Y. Charles Cao. "Synthesis of Colloidal Uranium−Dioxide Nanocrystals." Journal of the American Chemical Society 128, no. 51 (December 2006): 16522–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja067940p.

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16

Wang, Jianjun, Ajay Singh, Pai Liu, Shalini Singh, Claudia Coughlan, Yina Guo, and Kevin M. Ryan. "Colloidal Synthesis of Cu2SnSe3 Tetrapod Nanocrystals." Journal of the American Chemical Society 135, no. 21 (May 14, 2013): 7835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja403083p.

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17

Hwang, Seongmi, Youngmin Choi, and Beyong-Hwan Ryu. "Low Temperature Synthesis of Colloidal CdSe Quantum Dots." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 3780–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.026.

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In this study, the CdSe nanocrystals were prepared in phenyl ether and octyl amine to investigate the variations of their size, bandgap energy, and photoluminescence with growth time and temperature. The sizes of the CdSe nanocrystals were measured using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and found to be nearly monodisperse for relatively low growth temperature, 130 °C. Their optic properties were characterized by photoluminescence measurements, which showed that the colors of the nanocrystals could be controlled. The bandgap energies of the nanocrystals were calculated theoretically and found to be in accord with quantum confinement theory. This synthetic method requires only a cheap solvent and offers good reproducibility at a lower price.

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18

Hwang, Seongmi, Youngmin Choi, and Beyong-Hwan Ryu. "Low Temperature Synthesis of Colloidal CdSe Quantum Dots." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 3780–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.18071.

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In this study, the CdSe nanocrystals were prepared in phenyl ether and octyl amine to investigate the variations of their size, bandgap energy, and photoluminescence with growth time and temperature. The sizes of the CdSe nanocrystals were measured using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and found to be nearly monodisperse for relatively low growth temperature, 130 °C. Their optic properties were characterized by photoluminescence measurements, which showed that the colors of the nanocrystals could be controlled. The bandgap energies of the nanocrystals were calculated theoretically and found to be in accord with quantum confinement theory. This synthetic method requires only a cheap solvent and offers good reproducibility at a lower price.

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19

Kim, Byung Hyo, Junyoung Heo, Sungin Kim, Cyril F. Reboul, Hoje Chun, Dohun Kang, Hyeonhu Bae, et al. "Critical differences in 3D atomic structure of individual ligand-protected nanocrystals in solution." Science 368, no. 6486 (April 2, 2020): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aax3233.

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Precise three-dimensional (3D) atomic structure determination of individual nanocrystals is a prerequisite for understanding and predicting their physical properties. Nanocrystals from the same synthesis batch display what are often presumed to be small but possibly important differences in size, lattice distortions, and defects, which can only be understood by structural characterization with high spatial 3D resolution. We solved the structures of individual colloidal platinum nanocrystals by developing atomic-resolution 3D liquid-cell electron microscopy to reveal critical intrinsic heterogeneity of ligand-protected platinum nanocrystals in solution, including structural degeneracies, lattice parameter deviations, internal defects, and strain. These differences in structure lead to substantial contributions to free energies, consequential enough that they must be considered in any discussion of fundamental nanocrystal properties or applications.

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20

Moser, Annina, Olesya Yarema, Maksym Yarema, and Vanessa Wood. "Synthesis of small Ag–Sb–Te nanocrystals with composition control." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 45 (2020): 15985–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc00880j.

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Ternary telluride nanocrystals have gained increasing interest as materials for thermoelectric, optoelectronic, and phase-change memory applications. This paper presents an amide-promoted synthesis for Ag–Sb–Te colloidal nanocrystals with accurate composition control.

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21

Song, Weidong, Xiaotong Wu, Qian Di, Tianjiao Xue, Jichao Zhu, and Zewei Quan. "Morphologically controlled synthesis of ionic cesium iodide colloidal nanocrystals and electron beam-induced transformations." RSC Advances 8, no. 33 (2018): 18519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra02582g.

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22

Liu, Yike, Jia Yang, Ening Gu, Tiantian Cao, Zhenghua Su, Liangxing Jiang, Chang Yan, Xiaojing Hao, Fangyang Liu, and Yexiang Liu. "Colloidal synthesis and characterisation of Cu3SbSe3 nanocrystals." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 18 (2014): 6363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta00085d.

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23

Clarysse, Jasper, Annina Moser, Olesya Yarema, Vanessa Wood, and Maksym Yarema. "Size- and composition-controlled intermetallic nanocrystals via amalgamation seeded growth." Science Advances 7, no. 31 (July 2021): eabg1934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg1934.

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Intermetallic nanocrystals are a large family of emerging materials with extensive applications in many fields. Yet, a generalized synthetic method for intermetallic nanocrystals is lacking. Here, we report the development of a colloidal synthesis method based on amalgamation of monometallic nanocrystal seeds with low–melting point metals. We use this approach to achieve crystalline and compositionally uniform intermetallic nanocrystals of Au-Ga, Ag-Ga, Cu-Ga, Ni-Ga, Pd-Ga, Pd-In, and Pd-Zn compounds. We demonstrate both compositional tunability across the phase spaces (e.g., AuGa2, AuGa, Au7Ga2, and Ga-doped Au), size tunability (e.g., 14.0-, 7.6-, and 3.8-nm AuGa2), and size uniformity (e.g., 5.4% size deviations). This approach makes it possible to systematically achieve size- and composition-controlled intermetallic nanocrystals, opening up a multitude of possibilities for these materials.

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24

Bai, Sai, Zhongcheng Yuan, and Feng Gao. "Colloidal metal halide perovskite nanocrystals: synthesis, characterization, and applications." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 18 (2016): 3898–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc04116c.

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25

Tang, Yaqin, Jilu Weng, Yang Geng, Shunxiang Luo, Shaoyuan Li, Tao Qu, Jia Yang, et al. "Synthesis of Hollow Cu2ZnSnSe4 Nanocrystals by Hot-Injection Method." Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 11, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 1451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/nnl.2019.3017.

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Hollow-shape colloidal Cu2ZnSnSe4 nanocrystals were successfully synthesized in this study using hot-injection method. TEM, XRD, Raman, XPS, UV-Vis-NIR, and photo response measurements were carried out to characterize the hollow nanocrystals. These hollow nanocrystals were found to have tetragonal structure and high crystallinity, and were Zn-rich in composition. The optical band gap for the hollow Cu2ZnSnSe4 nanocrystals was determined to be about 1.12 eV. The hollow Cu2ZnSnSe4 nanocrystals have potential applications in the photoelectric field.

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26

Geisenhoff, Jessica Q., Ashley K. Tamura, and Alina M. Schimpf. "Using ligands to control reactivity, size and phase in the colloidal synthesis of WSe2 nanocrystals." Chemical Communications 55, no. 60 (2019): 8856–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc03326b.

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27

Zhukov N. D., Tsvetkova O. Yu., Gavrikov M. V., Rokakh A. G., Smirnova T. D., and Shtykov S. N. "Synthesis and properties of mercury selenide colloidal quantum dots." Semiconductors 56, no. 4 (2022): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/sc.2022.04.54315.9779.

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Colloidal nanocrystals (quantum dots (QDs)) of mercury selenide have been synthesized and the effect of size quantization on their basic properties has been investigated. The current-voltage characteristics of single QDs (less than 10 nm) had features in the form of separate regular peaks and quasi-periodic current oscillations with voltage intervals (0.1-0.2) V. The observed features were explained in the models of size quantization and Bloch oscillations. The absorption spectra in the range up to 25 μm had eight certain peaks, including five --- interband and intraband transitions and three --- with energies (145-215) meV, which are explained as intraresonant. Calculations show that it is possible to have IR photosensitivity in the wavelength range up to 40 μm. Keywords: Colloidal synthesis, nanocrystal, quantum dot, mercury selenide, dimensional quantization, Bloch pulsations, electron transport, IR absorption, IR photosensitivity.

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28

CHAN, YIN THAI. "HETEROSTRUCTURED HYBRID COLLOIDAL SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS." COSMOS 06, no. 02 (December 2010): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219607710000589.

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Significant efforts in the field of colloidal semiconductor particles have been dedicated to the fabrication and study of hybrid metal–semiconductor nanoheterostructures, where the incorporation of the metal moiety may potentially enhance and/or expand existing applications of semiconductor nanoparticles. Many of these metal–semiconductor nanostructured constructs exhibit physical properties not found in either of their metal or semiconductor components, providing many opportunities for further investigation into interface and coupling effects between the two materials. We review some of the key research endeavors in this area, focusing mainly on the synthesis of the materials and the characterization of the various metal–semiconductor constructs, and highlighting some of the unique applications that have emerged from these efforts.

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29

Rachkov, Alexander G., and Alina M. Schimpf. "Colloidal Synthesis of Tunable Copper Phosphide Nanocrystals." Chemistry of Materials 33, no. 4 (February 11, 2021): 1394–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04460.

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30

Santos-Cruz, J., R. E. Nuñez-Anita, S. A. Mayén-Hernández, O. Martínez-Alvarez, L. S. Acosta-Torres, J. de la Fuente-Hernández, E. Campos-González, M. Vega-González, and M. C. Arenas-Arrocena. "Colloidal synthesis of biocompatible iron disulphide nanocrystals." Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 46, no. 5 (August 6, 2017): 1034–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2017.1360321.

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31

Kolny-Olesiak, Joanna, and Horst Weller. "Synthesis and Application of Colloidal CuInS2Semiconductor Nanocrystals." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 5, no. 23 (November 19, 2013): 12221–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am404084d.

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32

Lee, Doh C., Danielle K. Smith, Andrew T. Heitsch, and Brian A. Korgel. "Colloidal magnetic nanocrystals: synthesis, properties and applications." Annual Reports Section "C" (Physical Chemistry) 103 (2007): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b605630j.

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33

Zou, Yu, Dongsheng Li, and Deren Yang. "Colloidal synthesis of monodisperse quaternary CuInSSe nanocrystals." Materials Chemistry and Physics 132, no. 2-3 (February 2012): 865–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.12.026.

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34

van Embden, Joel, Anthony S. R. Chesman, and Jacek J. Jasieniak. "The Heat-Up Synthesis of Colloidal Nanocrystals." Chemistry of Materials 27, no. 7 (April 3, 2015): 2246–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm5028964.

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35

Carbone, Luigi, and P. Davide Cozzoli. "Colloidal heterostructured nanocrystals: Synthesis and growth mechanisms." Nano Today 5, no. 5 (2010): 449–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2010.08.006.

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36

Lee, Doh C., Jeffrey M. Pietryga, Istvan Robel, Donald J. Werder, Richard D. Schaller, and Victor I. Klimov. "Colloidal Synthesis of Infrared-Emitting Germanium Nanocrystals." Journal of the American Chemical Society 131, no. 10 (March 18, 2009): 3436–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja809218s.

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37

Baghbanzadeh, Mostafa, Luigi Carbone, P. Davide Cozzoli, and C. Oliver Kappe. "Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Colloidal Inorganic Nanocrystals." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 50, no. 48 (November 4, 2011): 11312–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201101274.

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38

Yin, Y., C. K. Erdonmez, A. Cabot, S. Hughes, and A. P. Alivisatos. "Colloidal Synthesis of Hollow Cobalt Sulfide Nanocrystals." Advanced Functional Materials 16, no. 11 (July 21, 2006): 1389–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200600256.

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39

Chang, Jin, and Eric R. Waclawik. "Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals: controlled synthesis and surface chemistry in organic media." RSC Adv. 4, no. 45 (2014): 23505–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra02684e.

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40

Yin, Deqiang, Yang Liu, Chaochao Dun, David L. Carroll, and Mark T. Swihart. "Controllable colloidal synthesis of anisotropic tin dichalcogenide nanocrystals for thin film thermoelectrics." Nanoscale 10, no. 5 (2018): 2533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr08387d.

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41

Fernine, Yasmine, Natércia C. T. Martins, Mustapha Taleb, and Tito Trindade. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Benzylpenicillin Using Silver Nanocrystals Modified with Moroccan Plant Extracts." Crystals 13, no. 7 (July 16, 2023): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13071105.

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Green chemical routes for the synthesis of colloidal metal nanocrystals have been of great interest, namely in the context of nanosciences associated with biological applications. Among these methods, the synthesis of metal colloids using medicinal plant extracts originates nanocrystals having surfaces modified with chemical compounds of biological origin, which can be further explored in association with conventional pharmaceutics. In this context, the development of spectroscopic methods that seeks for understanding the potential benefits of using formulations that contain natural compounds and metal nanoparticles with therapeutic properties is of relevance. This research describes the chemical synthesis of silver colloids via the reduction of Ag(I) in the presence of distinct aqueous plant extracts. The selected extracts were obtained from Moroccan plants that have been used in traditional therapeutic practices over the centuries. The method led to stable colloids comprising polydispersed Ag nanocrystals that show surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity. As an illustrative scenario, these colloids have been applied to the SERS detection of the natural β-lactam antibiotic benzylpenicillin, also known as penicillin G (PG). Our results indicate that all the Ag colloids tested with the different plant extracts are SERS-active for PG without showing detrimental interference from chemical adsorbates originated from the extracts. Therefore, this spectroscopic method can be further explored for monitoring nanoformulations of pharmaceuticals and metal colloids obtained using biological synthesis.

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42

Cosentino, Salvatore, Giacomo Torrisi, Rosario Raciti, Massimo Zimbone, Isodiana Crupi, Salvo Mirabella, and Antonio Terrasi. "Growth kinetics of colloidal Ge nanocrystals for light harvesters." RSC Advances 6, no. 44 (2016): 38454–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03490j.

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Abulikemu, Mutalifu, Silvano Del Gobbo, Dalaver H. Anjum, Mohammad Azad Malik, and Osman M. Bakr. "Colloidal Sb2S3nanocrystals: synthesis, characterization and fabrication of solid-state semiconductor sensitized solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 18 (2016): 6809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta09546h.

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Antimony sulfide nanocrystals of various shapes and different phases are synthesized using a colloidal hot-injection method, and the as-prepared nanocrystals are used as a light harvesting material in photovoltaic devices.

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44

Liga, Shanti Maria, and Gerasimos Konstantatos. "Colloidal synthesis of lead-free Cs2TiBr6−xIx perovskite nanocrystals." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 34 (2021): 11098–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc01732b.

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Lim, Yee-Fun, Joshua J. Choi, and Tobias Hanrath. "Facile Synthesis of Colloidal CuO Nanocrystals for Light-Harvesting Applications." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/393160.

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CuO is an earth-abundant, nontoxic, and low band-gap material; hence it is an attractive candidate for application in solar cells. In this paper, a synthesis of CuO nanocrystals by a facile alcohothermal route is reported. The nanocrystals are dispersible in a solvent mixture of methanol and chloroform, thus enabling the processing of CuO by solution. A bilayer solar cell comprising of CuO nanocrystals and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) achieved a power conversion efficiency of 0.04%, indicating the potential of this material for light-harvesting applications.

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Yarema, Olesya, Maksym Yarema, Weyde M. M. Lin, and Vanessa Wood. "Cu–In–Te and Ag–In–Te colloidal nanocrystals with tunable composition and size." Chemical Communications 52, no. 72 (2016): 10878–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc05571k.

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Vikram, Ajit, Ken Brudnak, Arwa Zahid, Moonsub Shim, and Paul J. A. Kenis. "Accelerated screening of colloidal nanocrystals using artificial neural network-assisted autonomous flow reactor technology." Nanoscale 13, no. 40 (2021): 17028–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nr05497j.

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An AI-assisted autonomous reactor platform enables accelerated synthesis screening of colloidal nanocrystals. The AI-assisted platform autonomously learns to accurately predict the synthesis outcomes across the entire synthesis parameter space.

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Eladgham, Ebtesam H., Denis O. Demchenko, Tanner A. Nakagawara, Ümit Özgür, and Indika U. Arachchige. "Facile synthesis of highly luminescent lithium silicate nanocrystals with varying crystal structures and morphology." CrystEngComm 21, no. 12 (2019): 1974–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce02120a.

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Wang, Jian-Jun, Mehmet Zafer Akgul, Yu Bi, Sotirios Christodoulou, and Gerasimos Konstantatos. "Low-temperature colloidal synthesis of CuBiS2 nanocrystals for optoelectronic devices." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 47 (2017): 24621–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta08078f.

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Wu, Yuxuan, Tingcha Wei, Xiaoqiang An, and Li-Min Liu. "Colloidal synthesis of SnS nanocrystals with dimension-dependent photoelectrochemical properties." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 19 (2019): 7457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj00506d.

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