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Benjamin, Chen-Farng, and Daniel Henry Gottlieb. "Fixed point indices and manifolds with collars." Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2006 (2006): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/fpta/2006/87657.
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Habib, Irfan. "Book review: T.C.A. Raghavan, The People Next Door: The Curious History of India’s Relations with Pakistan." Studies in People's History 5, no. 1 (May 11, 2018): 120–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2348448918762252.
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Aditya, Alok. "Book review: Vikram Singh Mehta, The Next Stop: Natural Gas and India’s Journey to a Clean Energy Future." Indian Journal of Human Development 16, no. 3 (December 2022): 630–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09737030221141247.
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Moosvi, Shireen. "Book review: T.C.A. Raghavan, History Men: Jadunath Sarkar, G.S. Sardesai, Raghubir Singh and their Quest for India’s Past." Studies in People's History 7, no. 1 (May 29, 2020): 96–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2348448920908540.
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Sultana, Parvin. "Book Review: Rajeev Bhattacharyya, Rendezvous with Rebels: Journey to Meet India’s Most Wanted Men." Social Change 47, no. 3 (September 2017): 464–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049085717712842.
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Mir, Arnau, Lucía Rotger, and Francesc Rosselló. "Sound Colless-like balance indices for multifurcating trees." PLOS ONE 13, no. 9 (September 25, 2018): e0203401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203401.
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Pickering, Alan D. "Personality correlates of the dopaminergic facilitation of incentive motivation: Impulsive sensation seeking rather than extraversion?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 3 (June 1999): 534–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99392049.
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Depue & Collins associate dopaminergically mediated incentive motivational processes with extraversion. In this commentary I consider dopaminergic indices from neuroimaging investigations which correlate more closely with impulsive sensation seeking personality traits than with extraversion. Measures of relevant behavioural processes also appear to correlate with personality measures other than extraversion.
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Varma, Promodini. "Book review: Shrayana Bhattacharya, Desperately Seeking Shah Rukh: India’s Lonely Young Women and the Search for Intimacy and Independence." Society and Culture in South Asia 9, no. 2 (July 2023): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23938617231163985.
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Shrayana Bhattacharya, Desperately Seeking Shah Rukh: India’s Lonely Young Women and the Search for Intimacy and Independence (Harper Collins, 2021), 445 pp., ₹699 (Paperback). ISBN: 978-93- 5489-193-9.
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Huebner, Karin L. "An Unexpected Alliance: Stella Atwood, the California Clubwomen, John Collier, and the Indians of the Southwest, 1917––1934." Pacific Historical Review 78, no. 3 (August 1, 2009): 337–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2009.78.3.337.
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During the 1920s and 1930s, women's clubs in California and throughout the nation took up the cause of Indian reform. These clubwomen brought national attention to the conditions and repressive policies under which Indian peoples across the country lived. In alliance with John Collier and Pueblo Indians, California clubwomen waged effective political campaigns, agitating for Indian religious freedom, the protection of tribal lands, and Native self-determination. Commissioner of Indian Affairs under Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Collier has long been considered the major architect of reformist policies with regard to Indians, yet the clubwomen were the primary individuals motivating him to take up Indian reform. The unexpected alliance forged between John Collier, the clubwomen, and Native Americans was the effective force that brought Indian reform to the nation.
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Frąckowiak, Hieronim, Ewa Kiryk, Szymon Graczyk, and Maciej Zdun. "Preliminary biometric characteristics of Border Collies and their dependence on sport activity." Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego 17, no. 4 (December 27, 2021): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6860.
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<b>Biometric measurements were taken on 40 dogs of both sexes, 20 females and 20 males of Border Collies. Half of the population of each sex, i.e. 10 animals (active dogs), were either currently participating in dog frisbee competitions or had recently finished their sporting careers due to age. The other half (part) of the examined Border Collies, i.e. 10 females and 10 males, were animals that were not active in sports (non-active dogs). Most of the dogs came from Polish kennels but there were also Border Collies from other countries. The following measurements were taken: trunk length, height at withers, chest girth, fore limb (metacarpal) girth, thigh length, shank length, foot length and body weight. The collected results were processed statistically and indexes of trunk length, massiveness, eurysomia and boniness were calculated. It was found that Border Collie are characterized by some biometric traits (indexes) similar to Polish hunting dogs and Polish hounds and some of their indexes are also similar to the domestic breeds of Polish sheepdogs and Polish charts. Conducted biometric analysis showed only few, i.e. concerning height at withers of females and body weight of males statistically significant differences between examined groups of Border Collies. Consequently, there was no positive verification of the research hypothesis, which assumed that the value of traits and biometric indicators of Border Collie is different in jumping dogs in connection with their participation in various disciplines of dog competition. However, it can be assumed that for the needs of the developing sports cynology, there will be a need to select dogs with predispositions for athletic performance, and a useful tool to achieve this goal will be the analysis of biometric traits of dogs. The results of measurements collected in this study and the indices calculated on their basis also extend the biometric database of Border Collie dogs.
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Rolland, Kim, Douglas Farnill, and Rosalyn A. Griffiths. "Children's Perceptions of Their Current and Ideal Body Sizes and Body Mass Index." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 2 (April 1996): 651–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.2.651.
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244 Australian schoolchildren aged between 8 and 12 years indicated their current and ideal body sizes by means of Collins' pictorial figures. Children's height and weight were also measured. Body-mass indices were calculated from these data, and percentile ranks estimated according to international reference data. Consistent with Collins' findings, 39% of girls and 26% of boys wanted to be thinner than they perceived themselves to be; however, this desire was strongly related to actual body size so the percentages were very different for weight categories established on the basis of Body Mass Index. In the overweight quartile, 76% of girls and 56% of boys wanted to be thinner, whereas in the underweight quartile only 10% of girls and no boys wanted to be thinner. The response of overweight children may be sensible, but the desire of some underweight girls to be even thinner is of concern. Some recent literature suggests that underweight individuals tend to overestimate their body sizes. About a half of our underweight children slightly overestimated their body sizes but only one child overestimated grossly.
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Wenske, V., and D. Schönberner. "Influence of Rotation on the Stellar Parameters." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 137 (1993): 162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100017668.
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For several years it has become quite common to derive stellar parameters like effective temperature, Teff, and surface acceleration, g, by means of properly calibrated photometric indices, and to use these values for the derivation of important properties of stellar aggregates (viz. ages, star formation history, distances, etc.). Photometric observations, however, fail to give informations about one important property of a star: its rotational rate!The main effect of rotation is to increase the size of the star, mainly in the equatorial region, leading to lower surface temperatures and accelerations. Since in non–spherical stars Teff and g depend on the latitude, the observed values, which are, of course, averages over the visible hemisphere, depend on the angle of inclination, i. Collins & Sonneborn (1977) utilized the rigidly rotating stellar models of Sackmann and Anand (1970) to compute emergent fluxes and photometric indices for various stellar masses, inclination angles i and rotational parameters being the break–up rotational rate. These indices, viz. C0 and β, represent then averages over the visible part of the rotally distorted stellar models. Closer inspections indicated also that emergent fluxes and line profiles of rotationally distorted stars can be matched by the predictations of standard model atmospheres to a very high accuray, even for w close to unity (Wenske 1992, Diplom Thesis).
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Kovendan, Kalimuthu, Subramaniam Arivoli, Rajan Maheshwaran, Kathirvelu Baskar, and Savariar Vincent. "Larvicidal efficacy of Sphaeranthus indicus, Cleistanthus collinus and Murraya koenigii leaf extracts against filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)." Parasitology Research 111, no. 3 (May 6, 2012): 1025–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-2927-5.
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KELLER-SCHMIDT, STEPHANIE, and KONSTANTIN KLEMM. "A MODEL OF MACROEVOLUTION AS A BRANCHING PROCESS BASED ON INNOVATIONS." Advances in Complex Systems 15, no. 07 (September 27, 2012): 1250043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525912500439.
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We introduce a model for the evolution of species triggered by generation of novel features and exhaustive combination with other available traits. Under the assumption that innovations are rare, we obtain a bursty branching process of speciations. Analysis of the trees representing the branching history reveals structures qualitatively different from those of random processes. For a tree with n leaves generated by the introduced model, the average distance of leaves from root scales as ( log n)2 to be compared to log n for random branching. The mean values and standard deviations for the tree shape indices depth (Sackin index) and imbalance (Colless index) of the model are compatible with those of real phylogenetic trees from databases. Earlier models, such as the Aldous' branching (AB) model, show a larger deviation from data with respect to the shape indices.
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Howarth, William. "The Law of Contract by Hugh Collins. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1986, xi + 224 + (indices) 12 pp (paperback £7.50)." Legal Studies 7, no. 1 (March 1987): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261387500013672.
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Cattaneo, L., A. Galassi, R. Franco, A. Duarte, K. Mello, G. Jáuregui, J. Lagioia, and M. Basualdo. "305 FIRST REPORT OF THE USE OF SEXED SEMEN BY FLOW CYTOMETRY IN BOS INDICUS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab305.
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The only method of sexing sperm that works in any practical sense is measuring DNA content of individual sperm by flow cytometry, and sorting them based on that information (Schenk and Seidel 2002 J. Anim. Sci. 80 (Suppl. 1), 188). This is, also, the first reference of the use of sexed semen in Brazil. The objective of this experiment was to compare the fertility of sexed and non-sexed conventional semen in Bos indicus purebreeds. Ejaculates from eight Nelore bulls were collected by artificial vagina, diluted, and stained with Hoeschst 33342 (Schenk et al. 1999 Theriogenology 52, 1375–1391). A high-speed flow cytometer (SX-MOFLO®, DakoCytomation, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, USA) was used for sorting X sperm. Sexed semen was then packaged at 3 million total sperm in 0.25-mL straws and frozen. The average estimated purity obtained by resort analysis of one straw per batch was 91.5%. An aliquot of each ejaculate was frozen unsexed at a concentration of 50 × 106 sperm/mL in 0.5-mL straws (control). A total of 283 Nelore heifers were synchronized with two doses of PGF2α 12 days apart and inseminated in the body of the uterus 12 h after heat detection. Field trials were carried out in four different states in Brazil: Minas Gerais (MG), Mato Grosso (MT), Mato grosso do Sul (MS), Rondônia (RO). Pregnancy diagnosis and fetal sex determination were performed by ultrasound 30 and 60 days post-AI, respectively. Data were analyzed by chi-square and Monte Carlo methods. There was no significant difference (P < 0.05) in pregnancy rate between sexed and non-sexed semen (see Table 1). At the time of abstract submission, of 41 pregnant heifers from sexed semen confirmed by ultrasound, 40 had a female fetus (97%). These results indicate that sexing semen by flow cytometry could be a very important tool to accelerate the genetic gain in Bos indicus cattle. Brazil has the largest commercial herd in the world and, therefore, a great potential to incorporate this technology that is now available in the country. Table 1.
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Davis, Charles L. "Shaping the Political Arena. By Ruth Berins Collier and David Collier. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. Pp. xii, 877. Figures. Tables. Glossary. Bibliography. Indices. $19.95.)." Americas 51, no. 1 (July 1994): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1008380.
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Stefanizzi, Enrico, Alexandra Valenčáková, Katarína Schmiesterová, Mária Figurová, and Ľubica Horňáková. "The Use of Doppler Ultrasonography in the Examination of Testicles in Dogs." Acta Veterinaria 72, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2022-0037.
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Abstract Doppler ultrasonography is method suitable for observing and measuring the blood supply of many organs. Its principle is the change in the frequency of wave blood that moves with respect to the source of the wave (probe). In a testicular examination, the use of Doppler can also be very useful for detecting abnormalities or pathological conditions. The aim is just to characterize the flow in arteria testicularis in clinically healthy dogs aged 1-5 years. Twelve dogs were included in the study, of which 6 were rough collies weighing approximately 23 kg and 6 were standard dachshunds weighing approximately 9 kg. The pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of a.testicularis, as well as the dimensions of the testicles - height and depth, were assessed by ultrasonographic examination using the ALOKA ProSound Alpha 6 ultrasonographic device (Hitachi-Aloka, Japan). The statistical evaluation of the results shows that the differences between the averages of both measurements of PI and RI indices are highly significant, so the weight of the individual had a high effect on the measured values of PI and RI indices. The depth of the testicles was also directly related to the increasing values of PI and RI indices and to the weight of the dogs, in contrast to their height, which did not show any statistical significance in this respect. The measured values and findings may in the future also serve as a basis for determining reference values in testicular ultrasonography according to the weight of dogs, which may be beneficial in clinical status assessment, diagnosis of various pathological conditions, or predicting spermatogenesis and fertility of the individuals.
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Costa-Filho, Edson, José L. Chávez, and Huihui Zhang. "A Multi-sensor Analysis of Selected Reflectance-Based Crop Coefficient Models for Daily Maize Evapotranspiration Estimation." Journal of Agricultural Science 15, no. 12 (November 15, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v15n12p1.
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This study evaluated three reflectance-based crop coefficient models (RBCC) for daily maize actual evapotranspiration (ETa) estimates, using multispectral data from spaceborne, airborne, and proximal platforms. The goal was to identify the optimal multispectral sensor that gives more accurate daily ETa estimates. The remote sensing (RS) multispectral platforms included Landsat-8, Sentinel-2, Planet CubeSat, handheld multispectral radiometer (MSR), and unmanned aerial system or UAS, spatial resolution from 30 m to 0.03 m. Three RBCC models that use different vegetation indices as input variables were evaluated in the study. One RBCC uses the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The second model uses the soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and the third model uses canopy cover (fc). The data for this study were from two maize research sites in Greeley and Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, collected in 2020 and 2021. The Greeley site had a subsurface drip system, while the Fort Collins site had surface irrigation (furrow). Daily maize ETa predictions were compared with observed daily maize ETa data from an Eddy Covariance system installed at each research site. Results indicated that, depending on the RS of ETa algorithm and platform, the optimal input RS data was different. The MSR sensor (1 m) provided the best remote sensing data (input) for the SAVI-based RBCC ETa model, with a maize ETa error (MBE±RMSE) of -0.13 (-3%)±0.67 (16%) mm/d. Sentinel-2 was the best sensor for the remaining two RBCC daily maize ETa algorithms, since the errors for the NDVI-based and fc-based RBCC models for maize ETa were 0.21 (5%)±0.78 (18%) mm/d and 0.59 (14%)±1.07 (25%) mm/d, respectively. These results indicate the need for methods to improve the spectral quality of the remote sensing data to improve spatial ETa estimates and advance sustainable irrigation water management.
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Hieta, Erik. "“Awakening the Racial Spirit”: Indians, Sámi, and the Politics of Ethnographic Representation, 1930s–1940s." American Studies in Scandinavia 51, no. 1 (March 2, 2019): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v51i1.5789.
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The article focuses on the efforts by scholars and activists in the 1930s–1940s to reinvigorate discussions of cultural preservation for indigenous peoples at the transnational level. It focuses in particular on the correspondence between, and overlap in, the efforts of ethnographers in the United States and Finland to secure homelands for the indigenous Sámi and American Indians as the cornerstone of cultural preservation efforts. The title, “awakening the racial spirit,” a term used by U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs John Collier (1934–1945), highlights the extent to which ethnographic representations of the time built on racialized and stereotyped images from the past to project onto indigenous peoples a distinctive future. Increasingly, both Sámi and American Indians engaged with and disrupted such representations. The impacts of the efforts to document and demarcate a distinctive indigenous past continue to underpin and inform indigenous rights discussions to this day.
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Nematzadeh getabi, Shahram, Shahram Vaziri, and Farah Lotfi Kashani. "Investigating the modeling of communication patterns and marital intimacy based on attachment styles and thematic relationships mediated by coping styles." Applied Family Therapy Journal 3, no. 2 (2022): 20–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.61838/kman.aftj.3.2.2.
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Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the modeling of communication patterns and marital intimacy based on attachment styles and thematic relationships mediated by coping styles. Methods: The research method of this study is descriptive-survey-correlation; the statistical population of this study included students studying and married in Islamic Azad universities of Tehran province who had been married for at least 2 years. Using Cochran's formula, 385 people were selected by convenience sampling method and the Thompson and Walker Marital Intimacy Questionnaire (OMEIS-2), Christensen & Salawi Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ), Collins and Reed Attachment Style Questionnaire ( (RAAS), Bell Thematic Relationships Questionnaire (BORRTI) and Lazarus Coping Questionnaire (1988) answered and correlation test, regression analysis and structural equation modeling were used. EMOS software and version 26 of SPSS software were used for statistical tests. Results: According to Baron-Kenny algorithm, since the path of coping styles to marital intimacy is significant, it can be concluded that coping styles have a partial mediating role. The whole model explains 2.2% of marital intimacy. Problem-oriented coping 2.4% and emotion-oriented coping 4.5% explain marital intimacy. The AIC index also shows that the indirect effects model is almost more economical than other models. Conclusion: The fit indices of the model Analysis of the path of predicting marital intimacy based on thematic relationships showed that the fit indices of the indirect effects model are better than other models. The Acaic Index (AIC) also shows that the indirect effects model is almost more economical than other models.
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Langher, Viviana, Andrea Caputo, Agnese Giacchetta, Valentina Nannini, Francesca Sollazzo, Paola Medde, Guido Orsi, and Nicola Piccinini. "Which affects affect the use of new technologies? Italian adaptation of the internet motive questionnaire for adolescents (IMQ-A) and criterion validity with problematic use and body dissatisfaction." Psihologija 52, no. 3 (2019): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi181119003l.
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Given the negative role of problematic use of new technological devices (NTD) in behavioral and psychological domains, the aim of the study is the Italian adaptation and validation of the Internet Motive Questionnaire for Adolescents (IMQ-A) in order to understand the motivation for the use of NTD. A total of 769 students 10?19 aged (M = 13.22, SD = 1.56) completed the IMQ-A, the Collins Figures Rating Scale, and two measures regarding the problematic NTD use, focused on overuse during the night and during meals. The IMQ-A showed adequate internal consistency with regard to its four subscales: Coping (? = .84), Social (? = .80), Enhancement (? = .80), and Conformity (? = .68) motives. However, with regard to factorial structure, a threefactor model (excluding Conformity subscale) showed slightly better fit indices than the original model. Coping motive was correlated with problematic NTD use and succeeded in predicting higher scores in body dissatisfaction as evidence of criterion-related and external validity. The Italian adaptation of the IMQ-A can be useful in both research and clinical fields, in order to propose alternative strategies for coping to users and to improve emotion regulation facets.
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Bankov, Dmitry, Evgeny Khorov, and Andrey Lyakhov. "LoRaWAN Modeling and MCS Allocation to Satisfy Heterogeneous QoS Requirements." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 27, 2019): 4204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194204.
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LoRaWAN infrastructure has become widely deployed to provide wireless communications for various sensor applications. These applications generate different traffic volumes and require different quality of service (QoS). The paper presents an accurate mathematical model of low-power data transmission in a LoRaWAN sensor network, which allows accurate validation of key QoS indices, such as network capacity and packet loss ratio. Since LoRaWAN networks operate in the unlicensed spectrum, the model takes into account transmission attempt failures caused by random noise in the channel. Given QoS requirements, we can use the model to study how the performance of a LoRaWAN network depends on the traffic load and other scenario parameters. Since in LoRaWAN networks the transmissions at different modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) typically do not collide, we use the model to assign MCSs to the devices to satisfy their QoS requirements.
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Parsons, Ira Lloyd, Brandi B. Karisch, Amanda E. Stone, Stephen L. Webb, Durham A. Norman, and Garrett M. Street. "Machine Learning Methods and Visual Observations to Categorize Behavior of Grazing Cattle Using Accelerometer Signals." Sensors 24, no. 10 (May 16, 2024): 3171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24103171.
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Accelerometers worn by animals produce distinct behavioral signatures, which can be classified accurately using machine learning methods such as random forest decision trees. The objective of this study was to identify accelerometer signal separation among parsimonious behaviors. We achieved this objective by (1) describing functional differences in accelerometer signals among discrete behaviors, (2) identifying the optimal window size for signal pre-processing, and (3) demonstrating the number of observations required to achieve the desired level of model accuracy,. Crossbred steers (Bos taurus indicus; n = 10) were fitted with GPS collars containing a video camera and tri-axial accelerometers (read-rate = 40 Hz). Distinct behaviors from accelerometer signals, particularly for grazing, were apparent because of the head-down posture. Increasing the smoothing window size to 10 s improved classification accuracy (p < 0.05), but reducing the number of observations below 50% resulted in a decrease in accuracy for all behaviors (p < 0.05). In-pasture observation increased accuracy and precision (0.05 and 0.08 percent, respectively) compared with animal-borne collar video observations.
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Saucedo, Kellys Regina Rodio, Herbert Alexandre João, Daniel Faria Chaim, and Maurício Pietrocola. "RITUAIS DE INTERAÇÃO E EMOÇÕES EM ATIVIDADE INVESTIGATIVA COM CRIANÇAS." Educere et Educare 13, no. 30 (December 22, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/educare.v13i30.18881.
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Este artigo apresenta uma análise das interações de natureza emocional durante a realização de uma atividade investigativa, denominada “o problema do submarino”, à luz da microssociologia das emoções de Randall Collins (2004). O construto teórico cunhado pelo autor possibilitou um novo roteiro de análise interpretativa das interações entre alunos de 4º do Ensino Fundamental envolvidos na resolução de um problema do Conhecimento Físico. Os momentos aqui analisados, com base na metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa denominada investigação orientada por evento foram definidos inicialmente pela visualização individual dos aspectos salientes da filmagem e, posteriormente, estes foram confirmados pelos pesquisadores envolvidos com o estudo. Identificamos nas interações entre os alunos o efeito de solidariedade grupal, associado nesse caso ao estado emocional positivo compartilhado entre os participantes, que tinham por objetivo a solução do problema de imersão e de submersão do submarino. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de observar o processo de aprendizagem em ciências também pelo viés das emoções e nos encoraja a considerar estas categorias de análise na pesquisa educacional.
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Hassan-Vásquez, Jessica A., Francisco Maroto-Molina, and José E. Guerrero-Ginel. "GPS Tracking to Monitor the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Cattle Behavior and Their Relationship with Feces Distribution." Animals 12, no. 18 (September 12, 2022): 2383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12182383.
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The sustainability of agrosilvopastoral systems, e.g., dehesas, is threatened. It is necessary to deepen the knowledge of grazing and its environmental impact. Precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies pose an opportunity to monitor production practices and their effects, improving decision-making to avoid or reduce environmental damage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of the data provided by commercial GPS collars, together with information about farm characteristics and weather conditions, to characterize the distribution of cattle dung in paddocks, paying special attention to the identification of hotspots with an excessive nutrient load. Seven animals were monitored with smart collars on a dehesa farm located in Cordoba, Spain. Dung deposition was recorded weekly in 90 sampling plots (78.5 m2) distributed throughout the paddock. Grazing behavior and animal distribution were analyzed in relation to several factors, such as terrain slope, insolation or distance to water. Animal presence in sampling plots, expressed as fix, trajectory segment or time counting, was regressed with dung distribution. Cattle showed a preference for flat terrain and areas close to water, with selection indices of 0.30 and 0.46, respectively. The accumulated animal presence during the experimental period explained between 51.9 and 55.4% of the variance of dung distribution, depending on the indicator used, but other factors, such as distance to water, canopy cover or ambient temperature, also had a significant effect on the spatiotemporal dynamics of dung deposition. Regression models, including GPS data, showed determination coefficients up to 82.8% and were able to detect hotspots of dung deposition. These results are the first step in developing a decision support tool aimed at managing the distribution of dung in pastures and its environmental effects.
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Borsatti, Débora Ache, Karen Andresa Teixeira Santorum, and Alan Ricardo Costa. "Tradução automática de palavras polissêmicas: tecnologias atuais à luz da Linguística Cognitiva." Entrepalavras 11, no. 3 (February 2, 2022): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22168/2237-6321-32173.
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Tendo em vista o aprimoramento constante das tecnologias de tradução automática na atualidade e seu uso por parte de estudantes e aprendizes de línguas adicionais, neste artigo temos por objetivo averiguar como os Tradutores Automáticos (TAs) disponíveis de forma gratuita na internet traduzem palavras polissêmicas desfazendo a ambiguidade de sentidos à luz da abordagem teórica da Linguística Cognitiva (LC). O estudo do funcionamento dos TAs mostra que essas tecnologias digitais estão se tornando mais sofisticadas devido aos sistemas baseados em corpus e, mais recentemente, ao sistema neural. Entretanto, tais sistemas ainda apresentam limitações relacionadas às questões linguísticas, dentre elas, a ambiguidade, que pode ser descrita como um dos maiores desafios para um TA hoje. Neste estudo, de caráter qualitativo, analisamos de forma comparativa os resultados de traduções automáticas Português-Inglês de palavras polissêmicas inseridas em frases com diferentes contextos de uso, comparando quatro TAs gratuitos disponíveis na internet: (1) Google Translate, (2) Reverso, (3) Collis e (4) Wordlingo. Os resultados da investigação indicam a importância da especificação do contexto para a desambiguação das palavras na tradução automática.
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Chagas, Maria Vanessa Monteiro das, and Fabio Alexandre Silva Bezerra. "Análise crítica do discurso multimodal de representações das mulheres em anúncios de cerveja:." Revista da Anpoll 52, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 34–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18309/ranpoll.v52i1.1473.
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Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a leitura do gênero anúncio em sala de aula, sob uma perspectiva crítica, e evidenciar o potencial do trabalho com textos que refletem posicionamentos ideológicos que marcam questões sociais complexas. Para tal, evidenciamos a relevância do trabalho com este gênero amparado por importantes documentos oficiais (BRASIL, 1998, 2006, 2018). Além disso, recorremos aos estudos da Análise Crítica do Discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2015[1989], 2001; MEURER, 2005) para discutir questões que envolvem discursos e ideologias que perpassam os textos analisados, bem como utilizamos conceitos e categorias de análise da gramática do design visual (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 2006), transpostos de maneira mais didática, em língua portuguesa, por Nascimento, Bezerra e Heberle (2011) com vistas ao desenvolvimento de práticas de multiletramentos no contexto escolar, para nortear a análise dos recursos multimodais que compõem os anúncios analisados, a partir dos quais discutimos reconfigurações de representações das mulheres em anúncios de cerveja. Resultados gerais indicam que, apesar de avanços nas representações de gênero nos anúncios analisados, outras questões mais interseccionais (AKOTIRENE, 2019; COLLINS; BILGE, 2016), tais como raça, etnia, classe e sexualidade são completamente negligenciadas, apontando para a urgência dessa problematização também no contexto escolar.
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Dussault, Christian, Réhaume Courtois, and Jean-Pierre Ouellet. "A habitat suitability index model to assess moose habitat selection at multiple spatial scales." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 1097–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-310.
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We developed a habitat suitability index (HSI) model for moose (Alces alces) in the boreal forest. The model used two components: a suitability index for food (SIfood) and another for the interspersion between cover and food (SIedge). We used forest maps as the input data source, and the value of each stand type in terms of cover and food was based on field surveys. To validate the model, the habitat preference of moose equipped with global positioning system telemetry collars was assessed at both landscape and home-range scales. We expected the habitat-preference index to correlate with suitability indices determined using the global model and each of its two components. Habitat suitability was assessed in evaluation plots of 500, 100, and 10 ha. Unexpectedly, the habitat-preference index correlated better with SIfood and SIedge than with the global model. The suitability indices also performed better when assessed in large plots. Selection of 500 ha plots related mostly to SIedge, but SIfood was more important when smaller evaluation plots were used, especially for males. Females preferred plots with intermediate SIfood values. At the fine scale, SIedge was not as attractive to moose as was previously observed, presumably because snow conditions prevailing in our study area were relatively moderate. We recommend utilizing the model with SIedge in large plots (ca. 500 ha) and SIfood in smaller plots. Our model could be adapted and applied to other areas by using empirical data to adjust the relative value of stand types in terms of cover and food.
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Francisco Barbosa, Felipe, José Ricardo M. Mermudes, and Claudia A. M. Russo. "Performance of tree-building methods using a morphological dataset and a well-supported Hexapoda phylogeny." PeerJ 12 (January 8, 2024): e16706. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16706.
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Recently, many studies have addressed the performance of phylogenetic tree-building methods (maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference), focusing primarily on simulated data. However, for discrete morphological data, there is no consensus yet on which methods recover the phylogeny with better performance. To address this lack of consensus, we investigate the performance of different methods using an empirical dataset for hexapods as a model. As an empirical test of performance, we applied normalized indices to effectively measure accuracy (normalized Robinson–Foulds metric, nRF) and precision, which are measured via resolution, one minus Colless’ consensus fork index (1-CFI). Additionally, to further explore phylogenetic accuracy and support measures, we calculated other statistics, such as the true positive rate (statistical power) and the false positive rate (type I error), and constructed receiver operating characteristic plots to visualize the relationship between these statistics. We applied the normalized indices to the reconstructed trees from the reanalyses of an empirical discrete morphological dataset from extant Hexapoda using a well-supported phylogenomic tree as a reference. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference applying the k-state Markov (Mk) model (without or with a discrete gamma distribution) performed better, showing higher precision (resolution). Additionally, our results suggest that most available tree topology tests are reliable estimators of the performance measures applied in this study. Thus, we suggest that likelihood-based methods and tree topology tests should be used more often in phylogenetic tree studies based on discrete morphological characters. Our study provides a fair indication that morphological datasets have robust phylogenetic signal.
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Misbahudin, P. R. D. Perdana, D. Y. Fatimah, F. F. Amanda, D. P. Kusumastuti, B. Wicaksono, and A. S. N. Chairat. "Fragmentation Evaluation of Some Selected Mudrock Indiced by Physical and Mineralogical Properties." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1245, no. 1 (September 1, 2023): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1245/1/012021.
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Abstract Not many mudrock in Indonesia have been evaluated for slaking characteristics. Mudrock disintegrates rapidly when interacting with the atmosphere and hydrosphere. This research investigates the fragmentation of slaked claystone from the Kerek Formation. These formations are known for causing road, slope, and land-strengthening engineering problems along Jalan Semarang-Bawen, Middle Java, Indonesia. In this research, the method includes quantitative analysis of rock slaking level, which collides with the physical and mineralogical properties of the rocks. The slaking test with natural exposure for four cycles was carried out on as many as five samples. It is found the durability parameter value for all samples generally shows a slight difference. The durability index and Fragment Size Distribution Ratio in the 4-month cycle may be considered to evaluate the degree of fragmentation of material mudrock. RGL.0708.10 have an average DIR of 11.81%, and RGI.0908.1 is 2.18%. The value of FSDRatio for RGI.0908.2, RGL.0908.1, RGI.0908.1, and RGI.0708.3 is 1.00, whereas RGI.0708.10 is 0.9997. The indices in this research can be projected and considered to be used in another formation sample with engineering problems. The mineralogical composition of smectite minerals does not show a significant relationship to affect the fragmentation of mudrock with R2 .0.268 in month-4 for the DIR and 0.1322 for the FSDRatio . On the microscopic texture of the sample, there is the presence of calcite minerals, and a modest relationship exists between calcite content and its effect on the fragmentation of mudrock with R2 for DR and FSDRatio , respectively 0.6797 and 0.4732. In addition, physical properties such as natural water content highly influence mudrock’s durability with R2 for DIR and FSDRatio , respectively 0.8321 and 0.9023.
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Running, Katherine. "The liberalisation of India's labour laws within the National Manufacturing Policy 2011: where business power and social policy collide." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 31, no. 2 (June 2015): 192–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2015.1047397.
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Following formal economic liberalisation in 1991, business, in particular big business, has gained increasing access to and influence over policy decision-making in India. Industry has been an outspoken critic of national labour laws and has lobbied extensively for greater labour market flexibility. While business has not been successful in influencing “official” labour reform at the national level, it was able to influence labour policy within the National Manufacturing Policy 2011, which curtailed labour protections and implemented “hire and fire” policies. Utilising qualitative data from 40 face-to-face interviews with policy stakeholders in New Delhi, India, this paper aims to explore how business was able to influence labour reform within this policy as well as underscore the wider social welfare implications that may follow. It will be argued that the ability of business to dictate labour reform, while strong, is somewhat variable as competing factors serve to constrain business influence. Furthermore, the extent to which labour laws are hindering manufacturing investment is widely debatable. Nevertheless, curtailment of labour protections, as afforded in this policy, will have a widespread and damaging impact on workers. While the policy promises to empower rural youth, provide gainful employment, and enable growth to become more sustainable and inclusive for its citizens, it is questionable whether these goals can be achieved alongside the curtailment of labour protections.
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George, Jose. "The Arrest and Trial of Malayali Indians in the United Arab Emirates: When Performance, [Inter]Culture, and Human Rights Collide." TDR (1988-) 38, no. 2 (1994): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1146337.
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Costa-Filho, Edson, José L. Chávez, and Huihui Zhang. "A Novel Remote Sensing-Based Modeling Approach for Maize Light Extinction Coefficient Determination." Remote Sensing 16, no. 6 (March 13, 2024): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16061012.
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This study focused on developing a novel semi-empirical model for maize’s light extinction coefficient (kp) by integrating multiple remotely sensed vegetation features from several different remote sensing platforms. The proposed kp model’s performance was independently evaluated using Campbell’s (1986) original and simplified kp approaches. The Limited Irrigation Research Farm (LIRF) in Greeley, Colorado, and the Irrigation Innovation Consortium (IIC) in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, served as experimental sites for developing and evaluating the novel maize kp model. Data collection involved multiple remote sensing platforms, including Landsat-8, Sentinel-2, Planet CubeSat, a Multispectral Handheld Radiometer, and an unmanned aerial system (UAS). Ground measurements of leaf area index (LAI) and fractional vegetation canopy cover (fc) were included. The study evaluated the novel kp model through a comprehensive analysis using statistical error metrics and Sobol global sensitivity indices to assess the performance and sensitivity of the models developed for predicting maize kp. Results indicated that the novel kp model showed strong statistical regression fitting results with a coefficient of determination or R2 of 0.95. Individual remote sensor analysis confirmed consistent regression calibration results among Landsat-8, Sentinel-2, Planet CubeSat, the MSR, and UAS. A comparison with Campbell’s (1986) kp models reveals a 44% improvement in accuracy. A global sensitivity analysis identified the role of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as a critical input variable to predict kp across sensors, emphasizing the model’s robustness and potential practical environmental applications. Further research should address sensor-specific variations and expand the kp model’s applicability to a diverse set of environmental and microclimate conditions.
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Sharma, Ashok. "Vinay Lal. 2008. The Other Indians: A Political and Cultural History of South Asians in America, New Delhi: Harper Collins Publishers and India Today Group." Diaspora Studies 2, no. 1 (September 30, 2009): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/09763457-00201006.
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Marlow, Nicola J., Neil D. Thomas, Andrew A. E. Williams, Brian Macmahon, John Lawson, Yvette Hitchen, John Angus, and Oliver Berry. "Cats (Felis catus) are more abundant and are the dominant predator of woylies (Bettongia penicillata) after sustained fox (Vulpes vulpes) control." Australian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 1 (2015): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo14024.
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The control of foxes (Vulpes vulpes) is a key component of many fauna recovery programs in Australia. A question crucial to the success of these programs is how fox control influences feral cat abundance and subsequently affects predation upon native fauna. Historically, this question has been difficult to address because invasive predators are typically challenging to monitor. Here, non-invasive DNA analysis was used to determine the fate of radio-collared woylies (Bettongia penicillata) in two reserves in a mesic environment where foxes had been controlled intensively for over two decades. Woylie trap success had increased more than 20-fold after fox baiting commenced in the 1980s but decreased precipitously in 2000. Ninety-eight monitored woylies were killed between 2006 and 2009. DNA analysis of swabs taken from radio-collars and carcasses of these woylies indicated that predation by cats (Felis catus) caused most mortalities (65%) and was three times the fox predation rate (21%). Also, indices of cat abundance were higher in fox-baited sites where foxes were less abundant. Predation on woylies by cats was greater than previously recognised and, by implication, may significantly reduce the effectiveness of fox control programs throughout Australia. Integrated fox and cat control is essential to ensure the success of fauna recovery programs.
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Tajani, Francesco, Pierluigi Morano, Felicia Di Liddo, and Endriol Doko. "A Model for the Assessment of the Economic Benefits Associated with Energy Retrofit Interventions: An Application to Existing Buildings in the Italian Territory." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (March 26, 2022): 3385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073385.
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In recent decades, the issue of existing buildings’ energy retrofit has played a central role in the context of international and national territorial development policies, mainly due to the obsolescence state that characterizes the housing stock. Since the current need for energy renovation collides with the widespread low spending capacity of the owners, in recent years numerous fiscal incentives have been envisaged, aimed at promoting building initiatives for the improvement of energy performance indices. With reference to the Italian fiscal measure so-called Superbonus, introduced by the “Relaunch” Law Decree No. 34/2020, in the present research, a model for evaluating the economic benefits, in terms of the convenience of the operators involved, generated by energy requalification interventions, has been proposed. The analysis has been developed with regards to the Italian territory and to the prevailing building typology, by considering 110 provincial capitals and the main urban areas into which each city is divided (central, semi-central, and peripheral). Specifically, for each urban area of the Italian capitals considered, the market value differential between the after energy and before energy intervention situations has been firstly determined. Furthermore, assuming an ordinary profit margin of a generic investor interested in this type of investment, the break-even incentive, i.e., the percentage threshold able to ensure the condition of minimum convenience for an investor, has been estimated for each urban area.
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Prange, I. Suzanne, and Christa Rose. "Investigating uneven recovery of repatriated bobcats (Lynx rufus) in a mined landscape: space use, habitat use and condition in coal country." Wildlife Research 47, no. 1 (2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr18204.
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Abstract ContextBobcats (Lynx rufus) were extirpated from Ohio, USA, during the mid-1800s. Genetic evidence indicates that they recolonised from neighbouring states. Initial re-establishment occurred almost simultaneously in two spatially distinct areas of a coal-mined landscape in the 1980s. Relative population growth was apparently higher in the eastern than in the southern area. AimsUnderstanding the reasons for the disparity in population dynamics and sustainability is essential for proper bobcat management. It also addresses substantial knowledge gaps in vertebrate carnivore ecology on mined land. We hypothesised that the characteristics of mined land in the eastern Ohio area provided bobcats with greater resources, enabling a more rapid recovery. MethodsWe trapped bobcats and took body measurements and weights to determine condition indices. We attached GPS radio-collars and used locations to determine annual home-range and core-area sizes, home-range and core-area overlap, and habitat selection using remotely sensed land cover data and mine permit records. We compared factors between the two bobcat population areas. Key resultsBody condition indices were higher, and home ranges and core areas of males and females were smaller, for eastern Ohio bobcats. Home-range overlap did not differ for any dyad type. Selection of mined land by habitat type differed at the home-range level, with eastern bobcats selecting more mined habitats and southern bobcats showing an opposite tendency. ConclusionsAn interaction may exist between landscape features of former surface mines and bobcat recovery. Results suggest more favourable habitat conditions in the eastern area, which featured more mined land and more older, less regulated mines, than in the southern area. These conditions may support a higher bobcat reproductive success. ImplicationsThe first bobcat harvest season in Ohio is under development by authorities. We recommend the regulation of eastern and southern Ohio as separate bobcat management units; the southern population should remain protected, and the eastern population should be managed conservatively as a source population to further colonise southern Ohio. Our data suggest that surface-mined land can be conducive to the restoration and conservation of species.
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O'Kane, Christopher A. J., Kevin J. Duffy, Bruce R. Page, and David W. Macdonald. "Effects of resource limitation on habitat usage by the browser guild in Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, South Africa." Journal of Tropical Ecology 29, no. 1 (January 2013): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467413000035.
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Abstract:Resource depletion and associated increases in interspecific competition are likely to influence differential habitat usage amongst a guild. We tested some prominent theoretical concepts using observed differences in seasonal habitat use amongst the savanna browser guild (elephant, giraffe, impala, kudu and nyala) in Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, South Africa. Herbivore locations (n = 3108) were recorded over 2 y using repeated road transects and, for elephant, GPS collars (187 254 downloads). Densities were calculated using a novel GIS approach designed to be a cost-effective method for annual censuses, but also able to cope with abrupt changes in visibility. Selectivity for (Manly's α) vegetation types, and overlap (Schoener's index) in vegetation type usage were calculated. Resource depletion in the dry season resulted in all members of the guild increasing selectivity for vegetation types (sum of absolute values away from the neutral value for Manly's alpha for the guild: dry seasons 3.97, 5.16; corresponding wet seasons 3.12, 3.68), but decreasing interspecific overlap (80% of Schoener's indices lower in dry season versus wet season). These effects were more marked over the second, more severe, dry season. We found support for the niche overlap hypothesis and the niche compression hypothesis. The Jarman–Bell principle was generally supported, although unexpectedly during the severe dry season elephant showed the most selectivity for vegetation type. The greater the resource depletion, the more relevant interspecific differences in habitat usage become in relation to the differential impacts of guild members.
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Busse, Przemysław. "Methodological Procedure For Pre-Investment Wind Farm Ornithological Monitoring Based On Collision Risk Estimation." Ring 35, no. 1 (March 12, 2014): 3–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ring-2013-0001.
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ABSTRACT Even though the proportion of wind farm victims compared to general bird species mortality is relatively low, there is necessity to limit direct and indirect losses to the bird populations caused by this kind of human activity. Estimation of threats to the birds resulting from building of wind farms is a very difficult task and it must take into account several constrains. The basic task is to build farms in localities that are the safest to birds. This can be achieved by pre-investment monitoring and direct observations at the spot and then evaluation of potential threats and risks. Field methods typical for the studies on bird populations are usually applied in such monitoring. The procedure described below includes four steps: screening (starts the process and sets preliminary constrains of the location), monitoring (standardised data are collected at the location), estimations of potential collision risk and evaluation of the location. The key parameters determining collision risk of bird species are: (1) the number of individuals utilising the monitored area in different seasons, (2) air space utilization (height and directions of flights), as well as (3) characteristics of the species behaviour. The starting data set contains: species name, number of individuals, height of flight (three layers - below, in, above the rotor), and distance from the observer. The final estimation of the collision index (the most probable number of collisions per turbine a year) is based on (1) estimation of the total number of individuals that use the defined area during a year and (2) estimation of probability that the individual will collide. In the latter (i.e. 2) the most important is that birds can actively avoid passing through the rotor swept (active avoidance rate) and that even birds, which crossed the rotor swept area not necessarily will be killed. Calculations are performed for each species separately and then are summarised to get the farm index as well as season indices. Some values of indices for raptors studied at 76 localities in Poland are given in the table. The final evaluation of the site is made as shown in a parametric analysis table, discussion of cumulative and barrier effects and the discussion of species specific risk to species of high conservation concern.
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Holcomb, Karen M., Chilinh Nguyen, Nicholas Komar, Brian D. Foy, and Christopher M. Barker. "29791 Bird-delivered ivermectin as a novel urban West Nile virus prevention strategy." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (March 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.733.
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ABSTRACT IMPACT: Successful implementation of this control strategy will result in a commercially available ivermectin-treated birdfeed that the public can use to protect themselves from infection with West Nile virus (WNV) by reducing mosquito survival and thereby suppressing WNV transmission around their homes. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We assessed the efficacy and feasibility of ivermectin (IVM)-treated birds as a mosquito control strategy for local reduction of West Nile virus (WNV) transmission. We conducted a randomized field trial in backyard chickens and developed a mathematical model informed by field data to predict the impact of treated wild birds on transmission. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We placed 48 chickens in four treated and four untreated control flocks in backyards coops across Davis, CA and administered IVM daily in feed to treated flocks (Jul-Sep 2019). We assessed entomological indices weekly (i.e. Culex mosquito abundance, WNV infection prevalence, and parity rate) around each coop, monitored serum IVM levels in treated chickens, and tested for WNV antibodies in all chickens. Shifting our focus to wild birds, we developed a spatially-implicit mathematical model of WNV transmission near IVM-treated birdfeeders. Model parameters for bird movement were based on our telemetry of 27 birds in Fort Collins, CO (Aug-Sep 2020). Using the model, we predicted optimal deployment of treated feeders to provide local WNV control. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: WNV seroconversions were reduced in treated vs. untreated flocks, indicating a reduction in WNV transmission intensity at treated coops (P = 0.03). A sustained, but insignificant reduction in number of infected mosquitoes was observed near treated coops (P = 0.59); small sample sizes and below normal WNV prevalence in the study area limited our power. We anticipate that optimal spacing and number of IVM-treated birdfeeders required for effective WNV control in neighborhoods will depend on feeder usage rates by common bird species irrespective of WNV competence; broad availability of IVM-treated bloodmeals to mosquitoes will be more effective in reducing transmission than targeting the few species responsible for viral amplification. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: IVM is a novel method for controlling zoonotic pathogens in the US and has the potential for targeted mosquito control to reduce pesticide usage. Evaluating spatial deployment of IVM-treated bird feed for local reduction in WNV transmission is a stepping stone to commercial deployment of this WNV control strategy.
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Alkhasov, Stanislav S. "A MODEL OF CROSS-BORDER MIGRATION FROM CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES TO RUSSIA." Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law, no. 2 (2021): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/2076-4650-2021-2-11.
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The growth in the volumes of cross-border migration flows is one of the most important features of globalization. International migration is largely driven by global inequality. According to P. Collier, the volume of migration from the origin country depends on the size of the corresponding diaspora in the host country and on the gap in the average income of citizens between the two countries. Migration for a specific individual usually involves significant economic costs. Accordingly, the poorest individuals, being in poverty traps, find themselves deprived of the opportunity to emigrate from their country. The diaspora that has developed in the host country reduces these costs for its countrymen. This article is an attempt to test P. Collier’s hypothesis on the materials of cross-border migration from Central Asian countries to Russia in 2016-2020. Consideration of the influence of diaspora size and income gap on the size of the migration flow is formalized by constructing a regression model. The predictors of the model are the number of documented migrants (with valid temporary and permanent residence permits) and a macroeconomic indicator, which is the ratio of gross domestic products per capita (at purchasing power parity in current prices) of a Central Asian country and Russia. The migration flow is described by the number of citizens of Central Asian countries who were primary registered with migration. The indices of the numbers of individuals were replaced by their logarithms, which improved the model quality. In its final implementation, the regression model is characterized by a number of statistical criteria that take satisfactory values: p < 0.05 for the intercept and both predictors, the adjusted coefficient of determination is 0.911, the Durbin — Watson test is 1.637, and the Breusch — Pagan test is 1.9560 (p = 0.3761). Thus, the constructed model confirms P. Collier’s hypothesis. We use the data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and the IMF. The modeling was carried out in the integrated development environment Jupyter Notebook (Python 3.8 as a programing language).
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Barzin, Razieh, Hossein Lotfi, Jac J. Varco, and Ganesh C. Bora. "Machine Learning in Evaluating Multispectral Active Canopy Sensor for Prediction of Corn Leaf Nitrogen Concentration and Yield." Remote Sensing 14, no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14010120.
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Applying the optimum rate of fertilizer nitrogen (N) is a critical factor for field management. Multispectral information collected by active canopy sensors can potentially indicate the leaf N status and aid in predicting grain yield. Crop Circle multispectral data were acquired with the purpose of measuring the reflectance data to calculate vegetation indices (VIs) at different growth stages. Applying the optimum rate of fertilizer N can have a considerable impact on grain yield and profitability. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the reliability of a handheld Crop Circle ACS-430, to estimate corn leaf N concentration and predict grain yield of corn using machine learning (ML) models. The analysis was conducted using four ML models to identify the best prediction model for measurements acquired with a Crop Circle ACS-430 field sensor at three growth stages. Four fertilizer N levels from deficient to excessive in 50/50 spilt were applied to corn at 1–2 leaves, with visible leaf collars (V1–V2 stage) and at the V6–V7 stage to establish widely varying N nutritional status. Crop Circle spectral observations were used to derive 25 VIs for different growth stages (V4, V6, and VT) of corn at the W. B. Andrews Agricultural Systems farm of Mississippi State University. Multispectral raw data, along with Vis, were used to quantify leaf N status and predict the yield of corn. In addition, the accuracy of wavelength-based and VI-based models were compared to examine the best model inputs. Due to limited observed data, the stratification approach was used to split data to train and test set to obtain balanced data for each stage. Repeated cross validation (RCV) was then used to train the models. Results showed that the Simplified Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index (SCCCI) and Red-edge ratio vegetation index (RERVI) were the most effective VIs for estimating leaf N% and that SCCCI, Red-edge chlorophyll index (CIRE), RERVI, Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were the most effective VIs for predicting corn grain yield. Additionally, among the four ML models utilized in this research, support vector regression (SVR) achieved the most accurate results for estimating leaf N concentration using either spectral bands or VIs as the model inputs.
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González -Rodríguez, Eduardo, Armando Trasviña -Castro, and Alejandro Ramos -Rodríguez. "EL BAJO DE ESPÍRITU SANTO; PUNTO CALIENTE DE ABUNDANCIA BIOLÓGICA AFUERA DE BAHÍA DE LA PAZ." CICIMAR Oceánides 33, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v33i1.224.
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El Bajo Espíritu Santo (EBES) es una montaña submarina localizada a 9 millas náuticas del extremo norte del archipiélago del Espíritu Santo, afuera de Bahía de La Paz, el cual es considerado un punto caliente de biodiversidad y biomasa. Algunos procesos que enriquecen el bajo son advección y transporte vertical, ocasionado principalmente por mareas y corrientes que chocan con la montaña. Asimismo, existe retención de organismos, particularmente zooplancton, causando enriquecimiento biológico. Así, para identificar la variabilidad de los procesos estacionales e interanuales que la afectan se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre hidrografía, dinámica y biología del EBES, que se complementa con análisis de series de tiempo utilizando información satelital sobre temperatura superficial del mar, clorofila superficial, productividad primaria neta y profundidad de la zona eufótica. Los resultados indican que dentro de los principales procesos que enriquecen al bajo se encuentran la mezcla debida al corte vertical de las corrientes, el transporte vertical ocasionado por corrientes de mareas que chocan con la montaña, la advección mediante chorros de corriente originados en el interior de la bahía y/o remolinos del Golfo de California, y la retención de organismos del zooplancton en la vecindad de la montaña por el obstáculo que esta impone. Se muestran dos periodos de productividad: primavera y verano, i.e., un régimen bimodal con períodos dominantes de 12 y 6 meses respectivamente. Adicionalmente, existe variabilidad inter-anual dominada por periodos de 5 y 7.5 años asociada a ENSO. La combinación de factores confiere a EBES capacidad de enriquecimiento de nutrientes y plancton a lo largo del año, lo que atrae consumidores secundarios y depredadores tope, convirtiéndolo en un punto de gran actividad biológica.Bajo Espitritu Santo; biological abundance hotspot off Bahia de La PazABSTRACT. Bajo Espíritu Santo (EBES) is a submarine mountain located 9 nautical miles from the northern end of the Espíritu Santo archipelago, outside Bahia de La Paz. It is considered as a hotspot of biodiversity and biomass that has motivated studies to understand the processes that make it an area of high biological activity. Processes that enrich the EBES are advection and vertical transport, mainly caused by tides and currents that collide with the mountain. Also, there is retention of organisms, particularly zooplankton, which favors a biological enrichment. A review on hydrography, dynamics and biology is presented, complemented with time series analysis of satellite information on sea surface temperature, surface chlorophyll, net primary productivity, and euphotic zone depth, to identify the variability of seasonal and interannual processes affecting the mountain. The main processes that enrich EBES are mixture due to the vertical cut of the currents; the vertical transport caused by tidal currents that collide with the mountain; advection by jet currents originating in the interior of the bay and/or eddies from the Gulf of California; the retention of zooplankton organisms in the vicinity of the mountain. Two periods of productivity, one in spring and the other at late summer indicate a bimodal regime with dominant periods of 12 and 6 months respectively. Additionally, there is an inter-annual variability dominated by periods of 5 and 7.5 years associated with ENSO. Combination of these factors give EBES its ability for nutrient and plankton enrichment throughout the year, which attracts secondary consumers and top predators, turning it into a point of great biological activity.
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Copley, Antony. "The Raj at War: a People's History of India's Second World War. By Yasmin Khan . pp. 416. London, Bodley Head, 2015. - Farthest Field: an Indian Story of the Second World War. By Raghu Karnad . pp. 300. London, William Collins, 2015." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 26, no. 4 (July 15, 2016): 717–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186315000644.
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Silverman, Helaine. "The Archaeology and Pottery of Nazca, Peru: Alfred L. Kroeber's 1926 Expedition. Alfred L. Kroeber and Donald Collier, edited by Patrick H. Carmichael, afterword by Katharina J. Schreiber. Altamira Press, Altamira, CA, 1998. 283 pp., 455 figures, 3 tables, appendix, bibliography, indices. $29.95 (cloth)." Latin American Antiquity 10, no. 02 (June 1999): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/972203.
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Шарма Сушіл Кумар. "Indo-Anglian: Connotations and Denotations." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2018.5.1.sha.
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A different name than English literature, ‘Anglo-Indian Literature’, was given to the body of literature in English that emerged on account of the British interaction with India unlike the case with their interaction with America or Australia or New Zealand. Even the Indians’ contributions (translations as well as creative pieces in English) were classed under the caption ‘Anglo-Indian’ initially but later a different name, ‘Indo-Anglian’, was conceived for the growing variety and volume of writings in English by the Indians. However, unlike the former the latter has not found a favour with the compilers of English dictionaries. With the passage of time the fine line of demarcation drawn on the basis of subject matter and author’s point of view has disappeared and currently even Anglo-Indians’ writings are classed as ‘Indo-Anglian’. Besides contemplating on various connotations of the term ‘Indo-Anglian’ the article discusses the related issues such as: the etymology of the term, fixing the name of its coiner and the date of its first use. In contrast to the opinions of the historians and critics like K R S Iyengar, G P Sarma, M K Naik, Daniela Rogobete, Sachidananda Mohanty, Dilip Chatterjee and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak it has been brought to light that the term ‘Indo-Anglian’ was first used in 1880 by James Payn to refer to the Indians’ writings in English rather pejoratively. However, Iyengar used it in a positive sense though he himself gave it up soon. The reasons for the wide acceptance of the term, sometimes also for the authors of the sub-continent, by the members of academia all over the world, despite its rejection by Sahitya Akademi (the national body of letters in India), have also been contemplated on.
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Lonergan, Alex, and Colm O'Dwyer. "Methods to Tune the Optical Response of Porous Photonic Crystal Structures." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 47 (July 7, 2022): 1984. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01471984mtgabs.
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Photonic crystals are periodic dielectric structures which selectively tune the wavelengths of light propagating through the material1 2. The highly ordered, repeating structural lattice induces a photonic bandgap or stopband which inhibits or partially attenuates certain frequencies of light, similar to the electronic bandgap with forbidden energies present in semiconductor materials3. These forbidden frequencies are blocked in transmission and reflected from the material surface. The inherent sensitivity of this photonic response to repeating lattice size dimensions and the magnitude of the refractive index contrast between the constituent materials allows for tailored optical behaviour by adjusting the photonic crystal structural parameters or environment4 5. A range of interesting applications using both the photonic bandgap and material porosity have emerged, predicated on the ability to accurately forecast the wavelength position of the photonic response. Colorimetric sensors6 7, photocatalysts8 9 and solar cells10 are prime examples of these types of applications; the porosity of the photonic crystal facilitates greater material infiltration and reactions, while the photonic bandgap acts to enhance the optical component of the process. Critically, the use of these structures is tied to our ability to predict and interpret the signature optical response. Here, we examine several techniques which can be used modify the photonic bandgap/stopband for photonic crystal structures. For TiO2 and SnO2 inverse opal photonic crystals, we explore how solvent infiltration into the highly porous network red-shifts the observed photonic response. Using solvents with different refractive indices, we apply the shifted photonic stopband data to determine the fill fraction of solid material comprising the photonic crystal network. We also examine functionalization of artificial opal and inverse opal photonic crystals with metal films. We detail the emergence of a consistent photonic stopband blue-shift with increasing metal content and propose a reduction in the effective refractive index of the entire photonic crystal introduced by the specific properties of the metal film. Importantly, the effects investigated here are broadly applicable to a range of realistic operating conditions across many disciplines where an understanding of the photonic stopband is paramount to the application. References Yablonovitch, E., Inhibited Spontaneous Emission in Solid-State Physics and Electronics. Physical Review Letters 1987, 58 (20), 2059-2062. John, S., Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices. Physical Review Letters 1987, 58 (23), 2486-2489. Joannopoulos, J. D.; Villeneuve, P. R.; Fan, S., Photonic crystals: putting a new twist on light. Nature 1997, 386 (6621), 143-149. Blanford, C. F.; Schroden, R. C.; Al-Daous, M.; Stein, A., Tuning Solvent-Dependent Color Changes of Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous (3DOM) Materials Through Compositional and Geometric Modifications. Advanced Materials 2001, 13 (1), 26-29. Aguirre, C. I.; Reguera, E.; Stein, A., Tunable Colors in Opals and Inverse Opal Photonic Crystals. Advanced Functional Materials 2010, 20 (16), 2565-2578. Zhang, Y.; Qiu, J.; Hu, R.; Li, P.; Gao, L.; Heng, L.; Tang, B. Z.; Jiang, L., A visual and organic vapor sensitive photonic crystal sensor consisting of polymer-infiltrated SiO2 inverse opal. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2015, 17 (15), 9651-9658. Li, H.; Chang, L.; Wang, J.; Yang, L.; Song, Y., A colorful oil-sensitive carbon inverse opal. Journal of Materials Chemistry 2008, 18 (42), 5098-5103. Chen, J. I. L.; von Freymann, G.; Choi, S. Y.; Kitaev, V.; Ozin, G. A., Amplified Photochemistry with Slow Photons. Advanced Materials 2006, 18 (14), 1915-1919. Collins, G.; Lonergan, A.; McNulty, D.; Glynn, C.; Buckley, D.; Hu, C.; O'Dwyer, C., Semiconducting Metal Oxide Photonic Crystal Plasmonic Photocatalysts. Advanced Materials Interfaces 2020, 7 (8), 1901805. Liu, L.; Karuturi, S. K.; Su, L. T.; Tok, A. I. Y., TiO2 inverse-opal electrode fabricated by atomic layer deposition for dye-sensitized solar cell applications. Energy & Environmental Science 2011, 4 (1), 209-215. Figure 1 SEM images and optical transmission spectra for (a) TiO2 and (b) SnO2 inverse opals. In each case the wavelength position of the photonic stopband is red-shifted significantly when a solvent infiltrates the porous photonic crystal network. SEM images and optical transmission spectra for (c) artificial polystyrene opals coated with a gold film and (d) TiO2 inverse opals coated with a copper film. Metal film incorporation into the photonic crystal network acts to consistent blue-shift the observed photonic stopband. Figure 1
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Taft, Michael. "Folktales of Newfoundland: The Resilience of the Oral Tradition. By Herbert Halpert and J. D. A. Widdowson, editors, with the assistance of Martin J. Lovelace and Eileen Collins; music transcription and commentary by Julia C. Bishop (New York: Garland, World Folktale Library vol. 3, Garland Reference Library vol. 1856,1996.2 vols. Pp. xcv+ 1175, Indices, ISBN 0-8153-1736-0 cloth.) [Distributed in Canada through Breakwater, $250.00, ISBN 1-55081- 029-4]." Ethnologies 22, no. 1 (2000): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1087859ar.
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Holst, Wayne A. "Book Review: Unaffected by the Gospel: Osage Resistance to the Christian Invasion, 1673–1906: A Cultural Victory, Battle for the BIA [Bureau of Indian Affairs]: G. E. E. Lindquist and the Missionary Crusade against John Collier, Indians, Missionaries, and Merchants: The Legacy of Colonial Encounters on the California Frontiers, Black Elk: Colonialism and Lakota Catholicism." International Bulletin of Missionary Research 30, no. 1 (January 2006): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/239693930603000126.
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