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1
Bounia, Alexandra. "The nature of collecting in the Classical world : collections and collectors, c.100 BCE - 100 CE." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31160.
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Contrary to general traditional belief, the origins of collecting, as a systematic activity that refers to the satisfaction of symbolic rather than actual needs, was not an invention of the Renaissance. Collecting made its first appearance in European prehistory, was a subject of interest and debate for the ancient Greeks and Romans, and has been present continuously ever since. This thesis aims to address a gap in the history of collecting and to contribute to the discussion of its origins and nature through an analysis of collecting in the classical Graeco-Roman world. As a result, the subject of this thesis is the nature of classical collecting as this is illustrated by the works of four Latin authors, M. Tullius Cicero, Gaius Plinius Secundus, M. Valerius Martialis, and T. Petronius Arbiter. This analysis aims to take a long view of the collecting attitudes in the classical world, and trace the seeds of this practice and mentality in a shared tradition that runs through European thought. Consequently, the views on collections and collecting expressed by the four writers are seen within the longer Graeco-Roman tradition, and are approached through four parameters that have been identified as fundamental for structuring the collecting discourse: the notion of the past and the role of material culture as a mediator between people and their perception of it; gift-exchange as a social tradition with deep social roots, that structures relations between people, people and the Gods, and people and material culture; the notion of identity, at a communal and individual level and the capacity of objects to shape and structure it; and finally, the notions of time and space, our understanding and appreciation of which require the mediation of material culture. The discussion of each of those parameters comes together in the four chapters on the Latin authors. The reading of the ancient texts has been influenced by philosophical concerns about issues of interpretation and appropriation, and in particular by the ideas of Barthes and Ricoeur.
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Wills, David. "Cultural Mulch : an investigation into collectors who create collections of mass produced objects and of the potential significance of those objects in relation to consumer culture." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/8036.
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Collecting is an activity that stems from humankinds roots as hunters and gathers, when necessity rather than want, was key. This dissertation considers the strategies and motivations behind collecting in the 21st Century and what the significance is of collected objects. It considers the many guises, aims and reasons for collections being made, from the attainment of wealth and status, to the filling of personal voids, or the simple pleasures of belonging to a like-minded group of people. The dissertation charts contemporary influences in collecting behaviour, from an increased interest in celebrity, the push by corporations to market mass-produced collectibles, alternative consumer trends, and what effect the internet has had on the availability of a vast array of objects globally and locally. Back grounded by a diminishing of the earth’s resources and the production of objects at a peak, it considers the notion of futility.
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Minkley, Hannah Smith. "Photographing other selves: collecting, collections and collaborative visual identity." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12669.
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This study is situated in a social documentary photography context, and is concerned to explore whether the collaborative interaction between photographer, subject (as collector) and material object (as collection) might enable a practice that presents a more mutual and subject-centred visual identity emerge. In particular, photographers Jim Goldberg and Gideon Mendel have focused more on the subject themselves, using collaborative processes such as photo-voice and photo elicitation, as well as the use of peoples’ handwritten captions on photographic prints themselves. Claudia Mitchell’s overview of visual methodologies is drawn on, together with Ken Plummer’s Documents of Life 2 (2001) and Gillian Rose’s Visual Methodologies (2001) to extend on these possibilities of conducting collaborative visual research.The practical component of this study focuses on personal collections and follows a number of theorists, including Susan Pearce, and John Elsner and Roger Cardinal. It follows Pearce’s identification of three major modes of collecting, and suggests that collections are essentially narratives of the self, and reveal experiences and expressions of personal desire. By drawing on these approaches and the various ways the twelve collectors were photographed, as well as implementing collaborative research processes (handwritten text, archival photographs and the re-staging of the collections), the study confirms Pearce’s three primary modes of collecting, and acknowledges that they are often interlinked or overlap one another. The study further found that a more subject voiced visual identity did indeed become apparent through the collaborative methods applied and discussed. The collaborative research equally demonstrated that these narratives of identity are not singular, but rather narratives of multiple, personal identities of the self.
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Ugalde, Francisca B. "A Case for Collections Management Policy for Passive Collecting Institutions." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1353296784.
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Green, Judith Tybil. "Britain's Chinese collections, 1842-1943 : private collecting and the invention of Chinese art." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271892.
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Escutia, Sánchez Erika. "Poseer e inventar: los objetos y la interpretación de las prácticas estéticas americanas en las casas reales europeas (1493-1565)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673458.
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El presente estudio indaga en las interpretaciones y usos que las familias reinantes de Europa dieron a los artefactos americanos incorporados a sus posesiones entre 1493 y 1565. A través del análisis de documentos, imágenes y objetos, la tesis explora tres dinámicas: a) los procesos de descontextualización y recontextualización de los artefactos; b) las relaciones materiales, afectivas e intelectuales entre los objetos y sus poseedores; y c) las especulaciones europeas sobre los grupos humanos de América a partir de sus producciones estéticas. La tesis demuestra que los objetos americanos fungieron como dispositivos simbólico-epistémicos que monarcas y pontífices utilizaron a partir de sus propias peculiaridades geopolíticas, religiosas, culturales y de género. Asimismo, se presenta un rico y complejo panorama sobre las prácticas de intercambio, obsequio, atesoramiento, ostentación, exhibición y coleccionismo de americana en Europa antes de la proliferación de las cámaras de maravillas a finales del siglo XVI.This study investigates the interpretations and uses that the ruling families of Europe gave to American artifacts incorporated into their possessions between 1493 and 1565. Through the analysis of documents, images, and objects, the thesis explores three dynamics: a) the processes of decontextualization and recontextualization of the artifacts, b) the material, affective, and intellectual relationships between objects and their owners; and c) the European speculations about human groups of America based on their aesthetic productions. The thesis shows that American objects acted as symbolic-epistemic devices that monarchs and popes used based on their own geopolitical, religious, cultural, and gender peculiarities. It also presents a rich and complex panorama of the practices of exchange, gift, treasuring, display, and collecting of Americana in Europe before the proliferation of the Cabinets of curiosities at the end of the 16th century.
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Lopes, David Granja. "Collections Optimization." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6505.
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Mestrado em Decisão Económica e EmpresarialEste trabalho debruça-se sobre a otimização do transporte de componentes automóveis. Começa-se por fazer uma revisão bibliográfica e de seguida um enquadramento da situação a estudar, bem como da empresa onde será aplicado (Volkswagen Autoeuropa). É desenvolvido um modelo matemático que permite identificar as rotas ótimas. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é a identificação de rotas otimizadas que permitam o aumento da eficiência, económica e operacional, da cadeia de abastecimento da Volkswagen Autoeuropa. Os resultados foram bastantes promissores, pois foi possível obter uma poupança média de 37% nas rotas identificadas.
This work focuses on optimizing the transport of automotive components. Starts by a literature review and then a framework of the situation being studied, as well as the company where it will be applied (Volkswagen Autoeuropa). A mathematical model that identifies the optimal routes is developed. The main objective of this work is the identification of optimal routes which can increase efficiency, economic and operational, of the supply chain of Wolkswagen Autoeuropa. The results were very promising as it was achieved an average saving of 37% on the identified routes.
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Williams, Nathan Thomas. "Evolving Collections." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8799.
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My art practice begins with the collecting, processing, and organizing of materials. Through experimentation, I have developed processes centered around a commitment of time and devotion to the plainest beauty of these found materials, their inherent properties, and related systems, making the resulting objects of order possible. Through my application of these personal ordering systems, I strive to bring intrigue and focus to the common and discarded. The process of finding and organizing common surplus materials has given me an understanding of myself, seeing things that may never have occurred were it not for these experiences. This practice has taken what might have been an unhealthy obsession and converted this energy into what I consider a positive outcome and an avenue to living a good productive life.
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Conocimiento, Dirección de Gestión del. "Bloomsbury Collections." Bloomsbury Publishing, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655295.
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Eudenbach, Peter Timothy Jr. "Experimental collections." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1318520478.
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De, Kamper Gerard Christiaan. "Taking stock : a history of collecting collections at the University of Pretoria (1908-2014)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65309.
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Until relatively recently the histories of collections across the world was a subject sadly neglected. Generally most research on museums was specifically collections-based, meaning research that focused on the actual or individual objects with no real effort being made to preserve or research the actual collecting or acquiring history in detail. The question then arises, what is the importance of preserving collection history? Besides the pragmatic necessity to keep record of the details of the acquisition from a legal perspective, the actual provenance and historical context is also of relevance. On the one hand it is telling of what a particular society or institution deemed worthy of preservation within a particular time and therefore reflects on that past – while on the other hand, it also speaks to the nature and context of the collections themselves. It is from this perspective that this proposed study considers the range of collections that the University of Pretoria gathered over a period of just over a centuryDissertation (MHCS)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
Historical and Heritage Studies
MHCS
Unrestricted
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Grant, Peter J. "Third Party Collections." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA483511.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008."Advisor(s): Euske, K. J. ; Thibodeau, N. ; Jones, B. "June 2008." "MBA professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on August 8, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-46). Also available in print.
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Boorn, Alida S. "Interpreting the transnational material culture of the 19th-Century North American Plains Indians: creators, collectors, and collections." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34472.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of History
Bonnie Lynn-Sherow
American Indian material culture collections are protected in tribal archives and transnational museums. This dissertation argues that the Plains Indian people and Euroamerican people cross pollinated each other’s material culture. Over the last two hundred years’ interpretations of transnational material culture acculturation of the 19th - Century North American Plains Indians has been interpreted in venues that include arts and crafts, photography, museums, world exhibitions, tourism destinations, entertainments and literature. In this work, exhibit catalogs have been utilized as archives. Many historians recognize that American Indians are vital participants and contributors to United States history. This work includes discussions about North American Indigenous people and others who were creators of material culture and art, the people who collected this material culture and their motives, and the various types of collections that blossomed from material culture and oral history proffering. Creators included Plains Indian women who tanned bison hides and their involvement in crafting the most beautiful art works through their skill in quillwork and beadwork. Plains Indian men were also creators. They recorded the family’s and tribe’s histories in pictograph paintings. Plains Indian storytellers created material that was saved and collected through oral tradition. Euroamerican artists created biographical images of the Plains Indian people that they interacted with. Collections of objects, legends, and art resulted from those who collected the creations made by the creators. Thus today there exists fine examples of ethno-heirlooms that pay tribute to the transnational acculturation and survival of the American Indian people of the Great Western Northern American Plains. What is most important is the knowledge, and an appreciation for the idea that a transnational cross-pollination of cultures enriched and became rooted in United States history.
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Absa, Dembélé Anna. "Le Sénégal dans les collections du Musée de l'Homme : histoire et processus de collectes." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MNHN0044.
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Cummings, Catherine. "Collecting en route : an exploration of the ethnographic collection of Gertrude Emily Benham." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3138.
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In the second half of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth century the collecting of objects from colonized countries and their subsequent display in western museums was widespread throughout Western Europe. How and why these collections were made, the processes of collection, and by whom, has only recently begun to be addressed. This thesis is an exploration of the ethnographic collection of Gertrude Emily Benham (1867-1938) who made eight voyages independently around the world from 1904 until 1938, during which time she amassed a collection of approximately eight hundred objects, which she donated to Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery in 1935. It considers how and why she formed her collection and how, as a an amateur and marginalised collector, she can be located within discourses on ethnographic collecting. The thesis is organised by geographical regions in order to address the different contact zones of colonialism as well as to contextualise Benham within the cultural milieu in which she collected and the global collection of objects that she collected. An interdisciplinary perspective was employed to create a dialogue between anthropology, geography, museology, postcolonial and feminist theory to address the complex issues of colonial collecting. Benham is located within a range of intersecting histories: colonialism, travel, collecting, and gender. This study is the first in-depth examination of Benham as a collector and adds to the knowledge and understanding of Benham and her collection in Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery. It contributes to the discourse on ethnographic collectors and collecting and in doing so it acknowledges the agency and contribution of marginal collectors to resituate them as a central and intrinsic component in the formation of the ethnographic museum. In addition, and central to this, is the agency and role of indigenous people in forming ethnographic collections. The thesis offers a foundation for further research into women ethnographic collectors and a more nuanced and inclusive account of ethnographic collecting.
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Harmon, Amanda Lauren Leslie. "Herbarium Collections Management Internship." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1524744021639645.
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Pickering, Nicola. "The English Rothschild family in the Vale of Aylesbury : their houses, collections, and collecting activity 1830-1900." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-english-rothschild-family-in-the-vale-of-aylesbury(99e8b5c4-bff4-48db-8ef9-5b3fb0cef14f).html.
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This study focuses on the English branch of the Rothschild family from the 1830s to 1900, specifically the family’s early activity in the Vale of Aylesbury. The acquisition and renovation or building by the Rothschild family of seven country houses is explored, in particular the reasons why the family chose to build such residences and to settle in the Vale of Aylesbury. The context of the construction of these houses, their functions, and the family’s aims in building them is considered. The architectural styles chosen for the mansions are surveyed. The interiors of the properties, their style and functions, are also investigated. The collections of fine and decorative art objects amassed by the Rothschild family and kept in these properties are examined. The motivations behind creating certain interior styles of decoration and establishing and maintaining the collections are considered. Furthermore the existence of the phrase le goût Rothschild as expressed by these residences is discussed. This survey reveals that even though the Rothschild family were not unique in the styles and objects they admired or acquired for their houses, the manner of presentation they employed had certain noteworthy characteristics. These were aspects which enabled Rothschild family members to project a certain image of themselves through their country properties. This thesis concludes that the decision by the Rothschild family to acquire country mansions in the Vale of Aylesbury and to present them in particular way was motivated by the family members’ specific circumstances and personal preferences. It also considers that in their sheer number, size and architectural style, as well as interior presentation, the mansions played a significant and premeditated role in maintaining and bolstering the rising social position of the Rothschilds as a nouveau-riche family in the nineteenth century.
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Grodzinski, Veronika. "French Impressionism and German Jews : the making of modernist art collectors and art collections in Imperial Germany 1896-1914." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444726/.
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This interdisciplinary thesis is the first dedicated study of German Jewish patronage of French Impressionist and post-Impressionist art in Wilhelmine Germany. It investigates the disproportionately strong impact of German Jewish patronage from three perspectives. It examines the significance of Paul Cassirer's modernist art dealership, the prominence of German Jewish art collectors and their modernist art collections and the presence of German Jewish sponsorship at the Nationalgalerie Berlin, the Pinakothek Munich and the Stadelsche Kunstinstitut in Frankfurt am Main. First it examines Impressionism as the 'painting of modern life' in its original French context, focussing on French Jewish dealer-patrons and collectors whose association with French modernist artists influenced not only its iconography, but also involved French Jews in modern art promotion and marketing. The French model serves as a basis for understanding the reception of such art amongst a liberal circle of Germans and German Jews. The study examines the Wilhelmine reaction to French modernism and shows how antagonism toward Jews and France was often linked and interpreted by conservatives as 'alien elements' in nationalist Germany, thus highlighting Impressionism as a threat of a new Weltanschauung. This thesis suggests that although some German Jews acculturated to the dominant Wilhelmine culture, the championing of modernist art actually emphasized their Jewishness and their role as the 'Other' in German society, despite their patriotism. Yet, in the long run, German Jewish taste for the avant-garde had as much influence on German modernism as German taste had on Jews. The study hypothesizes that German Jews embraced French Impressionism as an 'iconography of inclusion' that coincided with their own experience of modern life and thus their patronage served as a component in the construction of their secular identities. The study concludes that strong German Jewish patronage changed the modern art market irrevocably and by doing so it was not only a turning point for the writing of modern art histories, but also for the reassessment of German Jewish cultural identities, thereby proving that the history of modernist European art patronage encompassed also a history of ideas.
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Bracken, Susan Caroline. "Collectors and collecting in England c.1600-c.1660." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/45343/.
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Nordahl, Theo. "Me, my Shelf and I : Designing Meaningful Digital Collections." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-41405.
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Personal media collections are becoming increasingly digitised with physical representations of music, film, games and books being replaced by virtual counterparts. Through qualitative fieldwork, this thesis examines the relationship that people have with traditional collections, and therein seeks to outline the aspects of which we find to be meaningful and enjoyable. Furthermore, this project attempts to apply these qualities to the design of digital media collection services. The research reveals that elements pertaining to identity, curation, presence, sharing, preservation and status are key. In addition to the fieldwork, a market analysis of current digital media collection services is carried out and drawn upon in the development of a design concept. The concept is used as a platform to discuss potential solutions addressing the unfavourable characteristics of digital media collections.
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Elsayed, Tamer Mohamed. "Identity resolution in email collections." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9618.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Computer Science. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Anderson, Esmé Frances Louise. "Network theory and CAD collections." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25425.
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Graph and network theory have become commonplace in modern life. So widespread in fact that most people not only understand the basics of what a network is, but are adept at using them and do so daily. This has not long been the case however and the relatively quick growth and uptake of network technology has sparked the interest of many scientists and researchers. The Science of Networks has sprung up, showing how networks are useful in connecting molecules and particles, computers and web pages, as well as people. Despite being shown to be effective in many areas, network theory has yet to be applied to mechanical engineering design. This work makes use of network science advances and explores how they can impact Computer Aided Design (CAD) data. CAD data is considered the most valuable design data within mechanical engineering and two places large collections are found are educational institutes and industry. This work begins by exploring 5 novel networks of different sized CAD collections, where metrics and network developments are assessed. From there collections from educational and industrial settings are explored in depth, with novel methods and visualisations being presented. The results of this investigation show that network science provides interesting analysis of CAD collections and two key discoveries are presented: network metrics and visualisations are shown to be effective at highlighting plagiarism in collections of students' CAD submissions. Also when used to assess collections of real world company data, network theory is shown to provide unique metrics for analysis and characterising collections of CAD and associated data.
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Lopes, Filipa. "Uranium glass in museum collections." Master's thesis, FCT - UNL, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/1954.
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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em
Conservação e Restauro
Área de especialização – VidroThe presence of uranium glass objects in museum and private collections has raised radiation protection concerns resulting from possible exposure to ionizing radiation emitted by this type of object. Fourteen glass objects with different uranium contents were studied. Dose rates (β + γ radiation) were measured with a beta/gamma probe at several distances from the glass objects. In general the determined dose rates did not raise any concern as long as some precautions were taken. Radon (222Rn), usually the most important contributor for the overall natural dose exposure resulting from radium (226Ra) decay in the uranium natural series, was also evaluated and it was found to be within the background values. Non-invasive analyses of the uranium content in fourteen glass objects were made using micro energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, measuring the radiation emitted by the objects and using fluorescence spectroscopy. Alpha spectrometry was tested in four glasses to determine the uranium isotope composition in order to distinguish which objects used depleted and non-depleted uranium. This information is useful to dating the objects.
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Jordanov, Dimitar Dimitrov. "Similarity Search in Document Collections." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236746.
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Hlavním cílem této práce je odhadnout výkonnost volně šířeni balík Sémantický Vektory a třída MoreLikeThis z balíku Apache Lucene. Tato práce nabízí porovnání těchto dvou přístupů a zavádí metody, které mohou vést ke zlepšení kvality vyhledávání.
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Harch, Bronwyn Delveen. "Statistical evaluation of germplasm collections." Thesis, University of Queensland, 1996. http://library.uq.edu.au/search/q?author=harch+bronwyn+delveen&title=statistical+evaluation+germplasm+collections&submit=Search.
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Théodoropoulos, Alexandra. "Les accords collectifs de groupe." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30044.
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D’abord cantonnés au secteur industriel, les groupes de sociétés se sont progressivement développés dans l’ensemble des secteurs d’activités et sont devenus en quelques années des acteurs incontournables de la vie économique et sociale. Le regroupement d’entreprises sous la domination d’une société-mère s’est accompagné d’une recherche d’unité dans les modes de gestion et les statuts sociaux déployés dans chaque entreprise les composant. C’est dans ce contexte que s’est développée la négociation d’accords de groupe. De simple expérimentation issue de la pratique, la négociation collective de groupe est devenue un véritable niveau de négociation collective reconnue par le législateur. L’accord de groupe est désormais consacré comme une norme créatrice de droits et d’obligations entre employeurs et salariés du groupe, mais sa place dans la hiérarchie des normes n’a pas été précisée. Cette situation génère de nombreuses interrogations quant à sa portée et à ses limites : chaque apport du législateur à la construction du régime juridique des accords de groupe soulève de nouvelles difficultés avec lesquelles les partenaires sociaux doivent composer. La présente étude tentera de mettre en évidence les solutions proposées par les partenaires sociaux pour affiner et sécuriser le régime juridique applicable aux accords de groupeOriginally confined to the industrial sector, corporate groups have gradually developed in all sectors and have become in just a few years key players in economic and social life. The business combination under supervision of parent company was accompanied by a search for unity in management methods and employees’ status. The negotiation of group agreements has developed in this context. Simple hands-on experience at the beginning, group collective bargaining has become a real level of collective bargaining recognized by the legislator. The group agreement is now set out as a standard which establishing rights and obligations between employers and employees of the group, but its place in the hierarchy of norms has not been specified. This situation generates many questions about its scope and its limits: each legislator’s contribution to the group agreements’ legal regime raises new difficulties that the social partners have to deal with. This study will attempt to identify the solutions proposed by the social partners in order to refine and secure the group agreements’ legal regime
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Babela, Gildas. "La défense des intérêts collectifs." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1G019.
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Le droit français reconnaît l'intérêt collectif comme une catégorie juridique autonome aux cotés de l'intérêt individuel et de l'intérêt général. Pourtant, s'il existe un ensemble structuré et cohérent de règles pour l'intérêt individuel et l'intérêt général, il n'en est pas de même pour l'intérêt collectif. Celui-ci fait l'objet d'un traitement spécifique dans plusieurs branches de notre droit. On retrouve cependant des traits communs qui permettent de mettre en place un régime général de la défense des intérêts collectifs. Certes, plusieurs obstacles sont souvent mis en avant pour empêcher un développement autonome des actions à caractère collectif. Mais considérant que ces obstacles ont, pour l'essentiel, un carctère artificiel, ils devraient pouvoir être écartés sans difficultéFrench law recognizes the collective interest as a separate legal category alongside the individual interest and general interest. However, if there is a structured and consistent rules for the individual interest and general interest, it is not the same for the collective interest. This is the subject of a specific treatment in several branches of our law. However, we find common features that allow to establish a general scheme of the defense of collective interests. Admittedly several obstacles are often put forward to prevent the independent development of collective actions. But considering that these obstacles were essentially artificial, they should be removed without difficulty
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CANTACUZENE, ALEXANDRE. "La notion de droits collectifs." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA111019.
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Les droits collectifs s'opposent-ils aux droits individuels ou, au contraire, forment ensemble ce que nous appelons les droits fondamentaux ? l'analyse de la notion de droits collectifs part de l'option selon laquelle les droits collectifs sont a la fois les droits des groupes et les droits des individus membres de ces groupes. La premiere partie de cette these a pour objet de definir les titulaires des droits collectifs. La deuxieme partie porte sur les finalites des droits collectifs : il s'agit d'analyser les differentes classifications et de concevoir une nouvelle classification fondee sur le lien qui existe entre l'individu - membre d'un groupe- et ce groupe. Enfin la troisieme partie est consacree a la garantie des droits collectifs, garantie qui passe par la cohabitation entre les droits collectifs et les autres droits fondamentaux ainsi que par la determination de l'autorite qui doit sanctionner toute violation d'un droit collectif. L'existence des droits collectifs est la condition meme du "pluralisme identitaire", une des valeurs fondamentales de l'europe.
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DE, FRUTOS MARTA. "Effets collectifs dans les agregats." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112229.
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Les effets collectifs, consequence essentielle des interactions entre particules dans un systeme a n corps, ont ete etudies dans les agregats. Prealablement a leur etude spectroscopique, la stabilite des agregats d'antimoine a ete etudiee en mesurant leur evaporation unimoleculaire. La comparaison de ces resultats avec ceux obtenus prealablement pour les agregats d'alcalins, revele dans le cas de l'antimoine une liaison fortement influencee par la structure geometrique des ions et non pas comme dans le cas des metaux alcalins, une liaison qui depend uniquement des electrons de valence. Deux types d'effets collectifs de nature differente sont observes: le premier, d'origine atomique, correspond a l'excitation de l'ensemble des electrons d'une sous-couche atomique pleine. Le profil de photoionisation du niveau 4d de l'antimoine atomique presente une forte resonance (resonance de forme) liee a cet effet, qui a ete sondee dans les agregats a l'aide du rayonnement de synchrotron. Les spectres de photoionisation observes dependent avec la taille de l'agregat mais aussi avec les conditions de formation de l'agregat. Cette constatation met en evidence l'existence d'un couplage important entre les proprietes des electrons 4d et la structure geometrique de l'agregat. Le second effet etudie est associe a l'excitation collective du nuage electronique forme par les electrons de valence qui assurent la cohesion des agregats metalliques. Les sections efficaces de photoabsorption des agregats d'alcalins (sodium et potassium) ont ete mesurees par spectroscopie de photofragmentation. Les profils obtenus sont domines par une forte resonance, similaire a celles observees dans les noyaux
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Larrivee, Kathryne Louise. "Collections in the rain maintaining and protecting building collections at open air historic village museums /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 146 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1625778411&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Khamri, Wafa. "Impact of collectins in 'Helicobacter pylori' infection." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409084.
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Paladin, Elisa <1997>. "Managing Museums Collections: the Role of the Registrar and the Use of Collections Management Systems (CMSs)." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21285.
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The thesis investigates from a dual perspective the broad topic of collections management within museums. On one hand, it proposes an analysis of the largely unknown role of the museum registrar, by reporting the profile’s main characteristics and major tasks involving collection management. On the other hand, following a brief presentation of collections management processes, there will be an attempt to examine how these activities are now carried out in an almost fully automated way by means of the so-called “collections management systems” (CMSs). The thesis concludes with a short presentation of the Italian company Comwork and of their “Museum”, a software for the digital management of museums collections.
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Babaryka, Anna. "Recognition from collections of local features." Thesis, KTH, Matematik (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103227.
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An image matching system for object recognition in scenes of varying complexity was constructed in Matlab for evaluating the recognition quality of two types of image features: SURF (Speeded-Up Robust Features) and SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) using the affine Hough matching algorithm for finding matches between training and test images. In the experimental part of the thesis, the matching was algorithm tested for varying number of image features extracted from the train and test images, namely 1000, 2000 and 3000 interest points. These experiments were carried out against 9 objects of different complexity, including difficulties such as repeating patterns on the image, down and upscaling of the object, cluttered scenes, silhouette features, partly occluded object and multiple known objects in the scene. The work provides the directions for improvement of the given view-based recognition algorithm and suggests other possible ways to perform the object matching with higher quality.
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Shokouhi, Milad, and milads@microsoft com. "Federated Text Retrieval from Independent Collections." RMIT University. Computer Science and Information Technology, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080521.151632.
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Federated information retrieval is a technique for searching multiple text collections simultaneously. Queries are submitted to a subset of collections that are most likely to return relevant answers. The results returned by selected collections are integrated and merged into a single list. Federated search is preferred over centralized search alternatives in many environments. For example, commercial search engines such as Google cannot index uncrawlable hidden web collections; federated information retrieval systems can search the contents of hidden web collections without crawling. In enterprise environments, where each organization maintains an independent search engine, federated search techniques can provide parallel search over multiple collections. There are three major challenges in federated search. For each query, a subset of collections that are most likely to return relevant documents are selected. This creates the collection selection problem. To be able to select suitable collections, federated information retrieval systems acquire some knowledge about the contents of each collection, creating the collection representation problem. The results returned from the selected collections are merged before the final presentation to the user. This final step is the result merging problem. In this thesis, we propose new approaches for each of these problems. Our suggested methods, for collection representation, collection selection, and result merging, outperform state-of-the-art techniques in most cases. We also propose novel methods for estimating the number of documents in collections, and for pruning unnecessary information from collection representations sets. Although management of document duplication has been cited as one of the major problems in federated search, prior research in this area often assumes that collections are free of overlap. We investigate the effectiveness of federated search on overlapped collections, and propose new methods for maximizing the number of distinct relevant documents in the final merged results. In summary, this thesis introduces several new contributions to the field of federated information retrieval, including practical solutions to some historically unsolved problems in federated search, such as document duplication management. We test our techniques on multiple testbeds that simulate both hidden web and enterprise search environments.
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Kinch, Brittanie A. "The Functionality of Early Modern Collections." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/art_design_theses/69.
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The following research records the functionality of collections of wealthy individuals in an effort to clarify the current system of collection categorization. Although many functions were indeed possible, this research will be restricted to the discussion of collections in which objects reveal the collector’s devotional, social, and intellectual curiosity. These classifications reflect the most prevalent themes initiated by my research on collections of royal and affluent collectors during the Early Modern Period, and as such are the three most rational means of discussing collections as functional, working, tools.
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Blixhavn, Øystein Hoel. "Clustering User Behavior in Scientific Collections." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-27340.
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This master thesis looks at how clustering techniques can be appliedto a collection of scientific documents. Approximately one year of serverlogs from the CERN Document Server (CDS) are analyzed and preprocessed.Based on the findings of this analysis, and a review of thecurrent state of the art, three different clustering methods are selectedfor further work: Simple k-Means, Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering(HAC) and Graph Partitioning. In addition, a custom, agglomerativeclustering algorithm is made in an attempt to tackle some of the problemsencountered during the experiments with k-Means and HAC. The resultsfrom k-Means and HAC are poor, but the graph partitioning methodyields some promising results.The main conclusion of this thesis is that the inherent clusters withinthe user-record relationship of a scientific collection are nebulous, butexisting. Furthermore, the most common clustering algorithms are notsuitable for this type of clustering.
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Buehler, Christopher James 1974. "Rendering from unstructured collections of images." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29906.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-163).
Computer graphics researchers recently have turned to image-based rendering to achieve the goal of photorealistic graphics. Instead of constructing a scene with millions of polygons, the scene is represented by a collection of photographs along with a greatly simplified geometric model. This simple representation allows traditional light transport simulations to be replaced with basic image-processing routines that combine multiple images together to produce never-before-seen images from new vantage points. This thesis presents a new image-based rendering algorithm called unstructured lumigraph rendering (ULR). ULR is an image-based rendering algorithm that is specifically designed to work with unstructured (i.e., irregularly arranged) collections of images. The algorithm is unique in that it is capable of using any amount of geometric or image information that is available about a scene. Specifically, the research in this thesis makes the following contributions: * An enumeration of image-based rendering properties that an ideal algorithm should attempt to satisfy. An algorithm that satisfies these properties should work as well as possible with any configuration of input images or geometric knowledge. * An optimal formulation of the basic image-based rendering problem, the solution to which is designed to satisfy the aforementioned properties. * The unstructured lumigraph rendering algorithm, which is an efficient approximation to the optimal image-based rendering solution. * A non-metric ULR algorithm, which generalizes the basic ULR algorithm to work with uncalibrated images. * A time-dependent ULR algorithm, which generalizes the basic ULR algorithm to work with time-dependent data.
by Christopher James Buehler.
Ph.D.
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Zhu, Minpeng. "Scalable Queries over Log Database Collections." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för datalogi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-275044.
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In industrial settings, machines such as trucks, hydraulic pumps, etc. are widely distributed at different geographic locations where sensors on machines produce large volumes of data. The data produced is stored locally in autonomous databases called log databases. The collection of log databases is dynamically changing when new sites are dynamically added or removed from the federation. In this application context, an efficient way to search and analyze passed behavior of products in use is desired. To enable scalable queries over collections of distributed and autonomous log databases we developed the FLOQ (Fused LOg database Query processor) system, which provides a global view of the working status of all machines on the sites through a meta-database integrating the dynamic log database collection. A particular challenge in this scenario is a scalable way to process numerical queries that identify anomalies by joining data from the meta-database with data selected from the collection of distributed and autonomous log databases. The Thesis describes the architecture of FLOQ. In particular different strategies to execute numerical queries over log database collections are investigated. FLOQ allows both the meta-database and the log databases to be stored in multiple formats using different kinds of data managers. FLOQ provides general and extensible mechanisms for efficient processing of queries over different kinds of distributed data sources.
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Li, Liuqing. "Event-related Collections Understanding and Services." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97365.
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Event-related collections, including both tweets and webpages, have valuable information, and are worth exploring in interdisciplinary research and education. Unfortunately, such data is noisy, so this variety of information has not been adequately exploited. Further, for better understanding, more knowledge hidden behind events needs to be unearthed. Regarding these collections, different societies may have different requirements in particular scenarios. Some may need relatively clean datasets for data exploration and data mining. Social researchers require preprocessing of information, so they can conduct analyses. General societies are interested in the overall descriptions of events. However, few systems, tools, or methods exist to support the flexible use of event-related collections.
In this research, we propose a new, integrated system to process and analyze event-related collections at different levels (i.e., data, information, and knowledge). It also provides various services and covers the most important stages in a system pipeline, including collection development, curation, analysis, integration, and visualization. Firstly, we propose a query likelihood model with pre-query design and post-query expansion to rank a webpage corpus by query generation probability, and retrieve relevant webpages from event-related tweet collections. We further preserve webpage data into WARC files and enrich original tweets with webpages in JSON format. As an application of data management, we conduct an empirical study of the embedded URLs in tweets based on collection development and data curation techniques. Secondly, we develop TwiRole, an integrated model for 3-way user classification on Twitter, which detects brand-related, female-related, and male-related tweeters through multiple features with both machine learning (i.e., random forest classifier) and deep learning (i.e., an 18-layer ResNet) techniques. As guidance to user-centered social research at the information level, we combine TwiRole with a pre-trained recurrent neural network-based emotion detection model, and carry out tweeting pattern analyses on disaster-related collections. Finally, we propose a tweet-guided multi-document summarization (TMDS) model, which generates summaries of the event-related collections by using tweets associated with those events. The TMDS model also considers three aspects of named entities (i.e., importance, relatedness, and diversity) as well as topics, to score sentences in webpages, and then rank selected relevant sentences in proper order for summarization.
The entire system is realized using many technologies, such as collection development, natural language processing, machine learning, and deep learning. For each part, comprehensive evaluations are carried out, that confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of our proposed approaches. Regarding broader impact, the outcomes proposed in our study can be easily adopted or extended for further event analyses and service development.Doctor of Philosophy
Event-related collections, including both tweets and webpages, have valuable information. They are worth exploring in interdisciplinary research and education. Unfortunately, such data is noisy. Many tweets and webpages are not relevant to the events. This leads to difficulties during data analysis of the datasets, as well as explanation of the results. Further, for better understanding, more knowledge hidden behind events needs to be unearthed. Regarding these collections, different groups of people may have different requirements. Some may need relatively clean datasets for data exploration. Some require preprocessing of information, so they can conduct analyses, e.g., based on tweeter type or content topic. General societies are interested in the overall descriptions of events. However, few systems, tools, or methods exist to support the flexible use of event-related collections. Accordingly, we describe our new framework and integrated system to process and analyze event-related collections. It provides varied services and covers the most important stages in a system pipeline. It has sub-systems to clean, manage, analyze, integrate, and visualize event-related collections. It takes an event-related tweet collection as input and generates an event-related webpage corpus by leveraging Wikipedia and the URLs embedded in tweets. It also combines and enriches original tweets with webpages. As an application of data management, we conduct an empirical study of tweets and their embedded URLs. We developed TwiRole for 3-way user classification on Twitter. It detects brand-related, female-related, and male-related tweeters through their profiles, tweets, and images. To aid user-centered social research, we combine TwiRole with an existing emotion detection tool, and carry out tweeting pattern analyses on disaster-related collections. Finally, we propose a tweet-guided multi-document summarization (TMDS) model and service, which generates summaries of the event-related collections by using tweets associated with those events. It extracts important sentences across different topics from webpages, and organizes them in proper order. The entire system is realized using many technologies, such as collection development, natural language processing, machine learning, and deep learning. For each part, comprehensive evaluations help confirm the effectiveness and accuracy of our proposed approaches. Regarding broader impact, our methods and system can be easily adopted or extended for further event analyses and service development.
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Conocimiento, Dirección de Gestión del. "Guía de acceso para Bloomsbury Collections." Bloomsbury Publishing, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655295.
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Aletras, Nikolaos. "Interpreting document collections with topic models." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7484/.
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This thesis concerns topic models, a set of statistical methods for interpreting the contents of document collections. These models automatically learn sets of topics from words frequently co-occurring in documents. Topics learned often represent abstract thematic subjects, i.e Sports or Politics. Topics are also associated with relevant documents. These characteristics make topic models a useful tool for organising large digital libraries. Hence, these methods have been used to develop browsing systems allowing users to navigate through and identify relevant information in document collections by providing users with sets of topics that contain relevant documents. First, we look at the problem of identifying incoherent topics. We show that our methods work better than previously proposed approaches. Next, we propose novel methods for efficiently identifying semantically related topics which can be used for topic recommendation. Finally, we look at the problem of alternative topic representations to topic keywords. We propose approaches that provide textual or image labels which assist in topic interpretability. We also compare different topic representations within a document browsing system.
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Schatz, Bruce R., William Mischo, Timothy Cole, J. Hardin, Ann Peterson Bishop, and Hsinchun Chen. "Federating diverse collections of scientific literature." IEEE, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105533.
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Artificial Intelligence Lab, Department of MIS, University of ArizonaA University of Illinios project is developing an infrastructure for indexing scientific literature so that mutliple Internet sources can be searched as a single federated digital library.
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Walker, Daniel David. "Bayesian Test Analytics for Document Collections." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3530.
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Modern document collections are too large to annotate and curate manually. As increasingly large amounts of data become available, historians, librarians and other scholars increasingly need to rely on automated systems to efficiently and accurately analyze the contents of their collections and to find new and interesting patterns therein. Modern techniques in Bayesian text analytics are becoming wide spread and have the potential to revolutionize the way that research is conducted. Much work has been done in the document modeling community towards this end,though most of it is focused on modern, relatively clean text data. We present research for improved modeling of document collections that may contain textual noise or that may include real-valued metadata associated with the documents. This class of documents includes many historical document collections. Indeed, our specific motivation for this work is to help improve the modeling of historical documents, which are often noisy and/or have historical context represented by metadata. Many historical documents are digitized by means of Optical Character Recognition(OCR) from document images of old and degraded original documents. Historical documents also often include associated metadata, such as timestamps,which can be incorporated in an analysis of their topical content. Many techniques, such as topic models, have been developed to automatically discover patterns of meaning in large collections of text. While these methods are useful, they can break down in the presence of OCR errors. We show the extent to which this performance breakdown occurs. The specific types of analyses covered in this dissertation are document clustering, feature selection, unsupervised and supervised topic modeling for documents with and without OCR errors and a new supervised topic model that uses Bayesian nonparametrics to improve the modeling of document metadata. We present results in each of these areas, with an emphasis on studying the effects of noise on the performance of the algorithms and on modeling the metadata associated with the documents. In this research we effectively: improve the state of the art in both document clustering and topic modeling; introduce a useful synthetic dataset for historical document researchers; and present analyses that empirically show how existing algorithms break down in the presence of OCR errors.
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Ekanayake, Chathura Chinthana. "Consolidation of business process model collections." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/69449/1/Chathura%20Chinthana_Ekanayake_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis presents novel techniques for addressing the problems of continuous change and inconsistencies in large process model collections. The developed techniques treat process models as a collection of fragments and facilitate version control, standardization and automated process model discovery using fragment-based concepts. Experimental results show that the presented techniques are beneficial in consolidating large process model collections, specifically when there is a high degree of redundancy.
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GRECO, Luca. "AUTOMATIC ORGANIZATION OF MULTIMEDIA DATA COLLECTIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/91234.
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La fotografia digitale ha avuto uno sviluppo sempre crescente negli ultimi dieci anni. Prima la diminuzione dei prezzi delle apparecchiature di acquisizione e poi l’integrazione di queste nei dispositivi portatili di uso quotidiano (i.e. smartphone, tablet) ha permesso a chiunque di potere creare e conservare semplicemente un enorme numero di immagini. Inoltre l’immagine stessa é diventata uno strumento di comunicazione, portando alla nascita di social networks basati unicamente sulla condivisione di fotografie (flickr, instagram, etc...).
La gestione di tali quantitá di dati é quindi diventato un problema reale per molti utenti, in quanto il ritrovamento e l’organizzazione di questi dati é un compito dispendioso dal punto di vista del tempo e di difficile integrazione con immagini archiviate nel passato in modo non organizzato.
Questa tesi si pone come obiettivo quello di illustrare le problematiche collegate alla organizzazione di collezioni di immagini che rappresentano eventi reali ed alla fusione tra collezioni che riguardano lo stesso evento ma che provengono da sorgenti diverse. Per effettuare una organizzazione delle collezioni é necessario innanzitutto definire una struttura degli eventi: i metodi proposti presuppongono che ogni evento non sia un blocco unitario di immagini ma che sia costituito da un numero di sotto-elementi distinguibili per la loro collocazione temporale o per il loro contenuto visivo.
Alcune tecniche dello stato dell’arte illustrate in questo lavoro hanno fornito degli strumenti utili per effettuare raggruppamenti di immagini, in special modo dal punto di vista temporale. Anche dal punto di vista del contenuto sono stati proposti diversi metodi di descrizione delle immagini, analizzando caratteristiche globali, quali il colore e la sua distribuzione, o puntuali cercando di individuare e descrivere punti caratteristici per ogni immagine.
L’ultima parte di questa tesi si basa su alcune possibili elaborazioni che si pos- sono effettuare sulle collezioni ordinate o sul risultato della fusione di collezioni differenti. Il primo metodo proposto affronta il problema dell’individuazione di soggetti all’interno delle immagini e della creazione di anteprime per la facilitazione del reperimento delle stesse o per la loro presentazione. Un secondo metodo pro- posto é focalizzato sul taglio estetico delle stesse usando un algoritmo dal basso costo computazionale che senza tenerle esplicitamente in conto rispetta le regole
classiche della composizione fotografica.
Il resto delle applicazioni invece é orientato al ritrovamento di oggetti personali all’interno delle collezioni. Una delle applicazioni usa un database di oggetti conosciuti composto per ognuno di questi da una successione di viste ruotando lo stesso di uno scarto costante. La seconda applicazione, invece, é basata su un database di video di oggetti che ruotano uniformemente e permette di effettuare query usando dei video di costruzione simile.The technological development of digital photography is ever increasing in last ten years. The decreasing costs of the acquisition devices and the integration in commonly used mobile devices (i.e. smartphones, tablets) has given to the mayority of users the possibility to create and store a very large number of images. Furthermore, the image itself has become a communication item leading to the creation of social networks totally based on picture sharing (Flickr, Instagram and so on). Managing this huge amount of data today is a real problem for many users be- cause the retrieval and the organization of these is an annoyng and time-consuming task, difficult to integrate with images stored in the past without a fixed organi- zation. The aim of this thesis is to show the issues related to the problem of managing image collections that represent real events and merging collections regarding the same event but from different sources. To make an organization of the collections it is necassary to define a structure for the events: proposed methods assume that an event is not a single block of images but is composed by a set of sub-events that can be distinguished by using temporal information or visual content. Some of the techniques of the state of the art described in this thesis provided some useful tools to cluster images, especially using the time as basis. Others use visual information to describe images, analyzing global features like color and its distribution or local features, trying to detect and describe intresting points for each image. The last part of this thesis is based on some possible elaboration on the or- dered collections or on the result of different collections fusion. The first proposed method is focused on the problem of subjects extraction in images and in thumb- nails creation to facilitate retrieval and browsing. A second method performs an aesthetical cut on images using a low computational cost algorithm that respects the common rules of photography composition without taking them into account explicitally. The remainder of the applications is oriented to personal objects retrieval in collections. One of the applications uses a multiview database of known objects. The second is based on a database of videos of uniformly rotating objects and the query are done using video with a similar construction.
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Coussens-Barre, Thibaut. "La patrimonialisation des collections d’échantillons biologiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 1, 2021. https://proxy.scd.univ-tours.fr/login?url=https://www.harmatheque.com/ebook/9782140317651.
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La collection d’échantillons biologiques constitue un ensemble original, et susceptible d’attiser la curiosité du juriste à maints égards. Outil de recherche scientifique avant d’être un objet du droit, la dimension corporelle des éléments constitutifs de ces collections appelle à réinterroger les conceptions juridiques classiques du corps, de la propriété, ou encore du patrimoine, pour mieux en cerner la nature et le fonctionnement. Cette étude propose de qualifier juridiquement les collections d’échantillons biologiques. Cette qualification repose dans un premier temps sur un travail de décomposition de la collection, alors envisagée au prisme des éléments la composant : prélèvements biologiques et données personnelles. Elle se poursuit dans un second temps par un travail de recomposition, considérant alors la collection comme une entité distincte et autonome, un « bien nouveau » dont le régime diffère de celui de ses parties. Porteuses d’une valeur scientifique susceptible de déboucher sur des innovations en santé qui bénéficieront à l’ensemble de la société, le développement des collections d’échantillons biologiques s’impose comme un enjeu de politique publique. À ce titre, l’analyse des formes de l'intervention publique sur cet objet met en évidence la diversité des actions menées selon les finalités poursuivies par les pouvoirs publics. Prémunir les collections d’échantillons biologiques contre leur démantèlement, assurer leur affectation optimale à la recherche, accroître le volume des échantillons biologiques disponibles, ou encore améliorer la qualité des ressources biologiques mises à la disposition de la communauté scientifique, sont autant d’enjeux pour la personne publique que ces travaux se proposent de traiterBiological samples collections form an original entity challenging lawyers in several ways. Scientific tool before becoming an object of law, the bodily dimension of its constitutive elements calls for are-examination of legal conceptions of body, property or even patrimony. This study proposes to legally qualify biological samples collections. This qualification is initially based on a decomposition work of collections, then considered through the prism of its composing elements: biological samples and personal data. It then continues with recomposition work, then considering collections as a distinct and autonomous entity, a "new good" whose framework differs from its parts. Holders of scientific value likely to lead to health innovations that will benefit society as a whole, the development of biological samples collections becomes a public policy issue. The analysis of public intervention form on this subject highlights the diversity of actions carried out according to the purposes pursued by public authorities. Protecting collections against their dismantling, ensuring their optimal allocation to research, increasing the volume of biological samples or even improving biological resources quality are as many challenges for public authorities that this work intends to deal with
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Stoian, Andrei. "Scalable action detection in video collections." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1034/document.
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Cette thèse a pour but de proposer de nouvelles méthodes d'indexation des bases de données vidéo de type archive culturelle à partir des actions humaines qu'elles contiennent. Les actions humaines, représentent un aspect important des contenus multimédia, à côté des sons, images ou de la parole. L'interrogation technique principale à laquelle nous répondons est ``Comment détecter et localiser précisément et rapidement dans une vidéo une action humaine, à partir de quelques exemples de cette même action?''. Le défi relevé par cette interrogation se trouve dans la satisfaction de ces deux critères: qualité de détection et rapidité.Nous avons traité, dans une première partie, l'adaptation des mesures de similarité aux contraintes de temps de calcul et mémoire nécessaires pour avoir un système rapide de détection d'actions. Nous avons montré qu'une approche de type "alignement de séquences" couplée avec une sélection de variables permet de répondre rapidement à des requêtes et obtient une bonne qualité des résultats. L'ajout d'un filtrage préliminaire permet d'améliorer encore les performances.Dans une seconde partie de la thèse nous avons crée une méthode d'accélération de l'étage de filtrage pour obtenir une complexité de recherche sous-linéaire dans la taille de la base. Nous nous sommes basés sur le hachage sensible à la similarité et sur une nouvelle approche à l'exploration dans l'espace de hachage, adaptée à la << requête-par-détecteur >>.Nous avons testé les méthodes proposées sur une nouvelle base annotée de vidéos de grande taille destinée à la détection et localisation d'actions humaines. Nous avons montré que nos approches donnent des résultats de bonne qualité et qu'elles peuvent passer à l'échelleThis thesis proposes new methods for indexing video collections with varied content, such as cultural archives. We focus on human actions, which represent an important cultural aspect, together with sound, images and speech. Our main technical challenge is 'How to quickly detect and precisely localize human actions in a large video collection, when these actions are given as a query through example video clips?'. Thus, the difficulty of the task is due to criteria: quality of detection and search response time
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Stoian, Andrei. "Scalable action detection in video collections." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1034.
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Cette thèse a pour but de proposer de nouvelles méthodes d'indexation des bases de données vidéo de type archive culturelle à partir des actions humaines qu'elles contiennent. Les actions humaines, représentent un aspect important des contenus multimédia, à côté des sons, images ou de la parole. L'interrogation technique principale à laquelle nous répondons est ``Comment détecter et localiser précisément et rapidement dans une vidéo une action humaine, à partir de quelques exemples de cette même action?''. Le défi relevé par cette interrogation se trouve dans la satisfaction de ces deux critères: qualité de détection et rapidité.Nous avons traité, dans une première partie, l'adaptation des mesures de similarité aux contraintes de temps de calcul et mémoire nécessaires pour avoir un système rapide de détection d'actions. Nous avons montré qu'une approche de type "alignement de séquences" couplée avec une sélection de variables permet de répondre rapidement à des requêtes et obtient une bonne qualité des résultats. L'ajout d'un filtrage préliminaire permet d'améliorer encore les performances.Dans une seconde partie de la thèse nous avons crée une méthode d'accélération de l'étage de filtrage pour obtenir une complexité de recherche sous-linéaire dans la taille de la base. Nous nous sommes basés sur le hachage sensible à la similarité et sur une nouvelle approche à l'exploration dans l'espace de hachage, adaptée à la << requête-par-détecteur >>.Nous avons testé les méthodes proposées sur une nouvelle base annotée de vidéos de grande taille destinée à la détection et localisation d'actions humaines. Nous avons montré que nos approches donnent des résultats de bonne qualité et qu'elles peuvent passer à l'échelleThis thesis proposes new methods for indexing video collections with varied content, such as cultural archives. We focus on human actions, which represent an important cultural aspect, together with sound, images and speech. Our main technical challenge is 'How to quickly detect and precisely localize human actions in a large video collection, when these actions are given as a query through example video clips?'. Thus, the difficulty of the task is due to criteria: quality of detection and search response time
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Rebecchini, Guido. "Private collectors in Mantua, 1500-1630." Thesis, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368032.
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Lucas, Jean-Jacques. "Les territoires imaginés de la collection, récits individuels et collectifs : les collections et les collectionneurs d'oeuvres d'art, d'archéologie, d'arts décoratifs et appliqués dans le Centre-Ouest Atlantique entre 1870 et 1983." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT5007.
Full textAbstract:
Le collectionnisme d'œuvres d'art depuis le milieu du XIXème siècle , lisible tout au long de cette période au travers des expositions régionales, des dons et legs aux musées locaux, inscrit des valeurs de repères. Ces situations supposent l'enchâssement de plusieurs territoires imaginaires, temporels et spatiaux. L'objet pouvant prétendre à une durée que le corps n'atteindra pas, la collection le présente à une admiration durable. Elle est monument marquant l'appropriation de son assembleur, par une fonction ligamentaire, avec son territoire généalogique réel ou reconstruit. La translation dans la collection publique garantit à perpétuité le dépassement de soi et la pérennisation d'un modèle social fondateur et édifiant. La nature des collections d'œuvres d'art, issues aussi de l'archéologie, des arts décoratifs ou d'ethnographie, questionne sur les systèmes de références du monde poitevin. Le temps et l'espace géographique les concernant relèvent de territoires mythogènes rendus visitables dans l'espace du musée. Ces constructions circonscrivent ici des contours spatio-temporels imaginés ou vécus. L'étude de ces collections, de leur mouvance et mouvements renvoie aux valeurs identitaires de leurs auteurs et à celles assurant la cohérence d'un groupe. L'espace géographique de l'étude correspond à trois départements actuels : Vienne, Deux-Sèvres, et la Vendée, historiquement associée au Bas-Poitou pour sa plus grande partie. Le cadre chronologique est fixé entre l'entrée du legs Charbonnel au musée de Poitiers en 1870 et l'arrivée d'un nouvel acteur institutionnel missionné pour collectionner l'art de son temps, le Fonds Régional d'Art ContemporainArt collecting since the mid-nineteenth century, understandable throughout this period through regional exhibitions, donations and legacies to local museums, recorded landmark values. These situations involve the embedding of several imaginary, temporal and spatial fields. The object aspiring a duration which the body will not reach, will be presented to lasting admiration in a collection. It is a monument marking the ownership of its collector, by a ligamentary function, with its real or reconstructed genealogical territory. The transfer to the public collection guarantees everlasting self surpassing and the perpetuation of a founding and edifying social. The nature of the collections of works of art, also from archaeology, decorative arts, or ethnography questions about the reference systems of the world from Poitou. Their time and geographical space come from mythogène territories for visitors to see in the space of the museum. These constructions define imagined or experienced contours in time and space. The study of these collections, their movement and sphere of influence refers to the identity values of their authors and to those ensuring the coherence of a group. The geographical area of study corresponds to three existing departments : Vienne, Deux-Sevres, and Vendee, for the most part historically associated with the Bas Poitou. The chronological frame is set between the entrance of the Charbonnel legacy to the Poitiers museum in 1870 and the arrival of a new institutional actor commissioned to collect the art of its time, le Fonds Régional d’Art Contemporain