Journal articles: 'Collective bargaining – Italy'

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Grandi, Barbara. "Collective Bargaining and the Performance Rating in Italy." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 1, no. 7 (November 30, 2014): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.17.427.

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Bergamaschi, Myriam. "Equal Opportunities and Collective Bargaining in Italy." European Journal of Women's Studies 6, no. 2 (May 1999): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135050689900600202.

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Dell'Aringa, Carlo, and Claudio Lucifora. "Collective bargaining and relative earnings in Italy." European Journal of Political Economy 10, no. 4 (December 1994): 727–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0176-2680(94)90035-3.

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Recchia, Giuseppe Antonio. "The future of collective bargaining in Italy between legislative reforms and social partners’ responses." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 23, no. 4 (November 2017): 457–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258917729320.

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In recent years, Italian legislation seems to have accomplished a ‘corporatisation’ of collective bargaining in response to employers’ demands, without the filter of national collective bargaining. Article 8 of Law No. 148/2011 made it possible to deviate from legislative provisions and industry-wide collective bargaining on a wide range of topics. The Legislative Decrees implementing the Jobs Act in 2015 have gone even further, allowing the possibility of a different regulation both through different levels of collective bargaining and through individual agreements. Faced with these changes in the balance of power, collective bargaining has been weakened. Nevertheless, a number of national sectoral agreements have provided for ambitious efforts to establish a new relationship between the levels of collective bargaining or the mechanisms of collective agreements, as well as to re-regulate forms of workers’ representation. As these national agreements are based on the voluntary compliance of workers’ organisations and employers’ associations, their implementation and enforcement in order to be effective will need to be accompanied by a re-establishment of the role of collective bargaining.

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Pernicka, Susanne, Vera Glassner, Nele Dittmar, and Klaus Neundlinger. "Forces of reproduction and change in collective bargaining: A social field perspective." European Journal of Industrial Relations 27, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): 345–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680121998478.

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The paper addresses the endurance of sector collective bargaining despite many announcements of its demise. Bourdieusian social theory is used to interpret collective bargaining as a dominated social field that is distinct and relatively autonomous from other economic, political and transnational fields. Empirically, we trace the trajectories of German and Italian metal sector’s collective bargaining fields. In Germany, field agents contributed to a continuing erosion of collective bargaining, regional differentiation of membership strategies, and a reorientation of dominated employers’ associations towards their members. In Italy, some field agents resisted supranational and national liberalization demands and contributed to the adaptation and innovation of bargaining practices and hence, to the preliminary re-stabilization and re-balancing of collective bargaining between industry and company level.

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Tomassetti, Paolo. "From Fixed to Flexible? Wage Coordination and the Collective Bargaining System in Italy." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 33, Issue 4 (December 1, 2017): 527–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2017022.

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This article analyses the rules on wage coordination and their effectiveness in the Italian two-tier bargaining system. It seeks to cast light on bargaining coordination by starting from the analysis of collective agreements, rather than focusing exclusively on normative and institutional aspects of wage bargaining. Accordingly, the study examines a dataset of 498 company-level collective agreements concluded between 2012–2015 in three sectors – metalworking, food, banking and finance – to analyse wage developments in company-level bargaining. The study considers the extent to which local wage negotiations are consistent with the rules on wage bargaining coordination laid down in economy-wide agreements and national collective labour agreements. Wage coordination rules are generally respected, though a significant number of company-level agreements still provide fixed-rate pay rises in breach of the rule that wage increases at company level should be linked to productivity and other factors relating to the workers’ and/or the firm’s economic performance. Although the violation of wage bargaining rules between national agreements and company-level collective agreements is in line with the favourability principle, it is argued that local negotiations on fixed-rate pay rises could be regarded as a form of uncoordinated decentralization, diminishing the effectiveness of horizontal coordination policies and the normative role of the social partners.

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Pérez del Prado, Daniel. "Last trends on collective bargaining decentralization." LABOS Revista de Derecho del Trabajo y Protección Social 2, no. 3 (November 24, 2021): 149–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/labos.2021.6492.

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Decentralisation of collective bargaining has been one of the key trends concerning labour market regulation of the last decades. Most of European countries have developed – with different breath and scope – procedures and reforms to strengthen the company level of bargaining. The Great Recession has stressed this orientation, particularly in those countries which were under financial pressure. This paper focuses on the cases of four Mediterranean countries – France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal – in order to assess how decentralisation has been carried out and, most importantly, what kind of practical results have been achieved. On the base of these outcomes, it highlights how the debate concerning the structure ofcollective bargaining is changing from a black or white perspective to a new one in which mixed models are possible if the whole system is coordinated, taking into consideration the type of collective bargaining model set in the country.

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Alessia Vatta. "Collective bargaining and the flexibilisation of employment in Italy." Work Organisation, Labour & Globalisation 4, no. 1 (2010): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.13169/workorgalaboglob.4.1.0193.

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Devicienti, Francesco, Bernardo Fanfani, and Agata Maida. "Collective Bargaining and the Evolution of Wage Inequality in Italy." British Journal of Industrial Relations 57, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 377–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjir.12444.

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Katz, Harry C. "The Decentralization of Collective Bargaining: A Literature Review and Comparative Analysis." ILR Review 47, no. 1 (October 1993): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399304700101.

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The author reviews evidence that the bargaining structure is becoming more decentralized in Sweden, Australia, the former West Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States, although in somewhat different degrees and ways from country to country. He then examines the various hypotheses that have been offered to explain this significant trend. Shifts in bargaining power, as well as the diversification of corporate and worker interests, have played a part in this change, he concludes, but work reorganization has been more influential still. He also explores how the roles of central unions and corporate industrial relations staffs are challenged by bargaining structure decentralization, and discusses the research gaps on this subject that need to be filled.

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Riva, Egidio. "Background and rationale of collective bargaining around work-family issues in Italy." Employee Relations 39, no. 4 (June 5, 2017): 459–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-10-2016-0196.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline and assess the role of industrial relations in introducing work-family-related policies and investigate the drivers, nature and scope of contract provisions that were bargained in the following domains: flexible working arrangements, leave schemes, care services and other supportive arrangements. Analyses draw on information filed in a unique and restricted access repository, the SEcond-level Collective Bargaining Observatory (OCSEL) held by Confederazione Italiana Sindacati Lavoratori (CISL), one of the major trade union organizations in Italy. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents and examines, by means of descriptive statistics and content analysis, available information on 285 company-level agreements around work-family-related issues that were signed in Italy between January 2012 and December 2015, in the aftermath of the great recession. Findings Work-family issues do not seem to be a major bargaining concern. The availability of specific arrangements is mostly limited to the domain of working time flexibility and it is not quite innovative in its contents. Besides, there is little evidence that the mutual gains rationale is embedded in collective bargaining in the field. However, mature and well-established labour relations result in more innovative and strategic company-level bargaining that is also conducive to work-family-related arrangements. Research limitations/implications The sample is not representative. Thus, the results obtained in this study cannot be extended to make predictions and conclusions about the population of collective agreements negotiated and signed in Italian companies in the period under scrutiny. Originality/value Research on the industrial relations context that lies behind the design and implementation of work-family workplace arrangements is still limited. Furthermore, the evidence is inconclusive. This manuscript intends to address this research gap and provide a much more nuanced understanding.

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Paolucci, Valentina. "The role of collective bargaining in addressing flexibility and security." European Journal of Industrial Relations 23, no. 4 (February 1, 2017): 329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680116687091.

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This article examines the role of collective bargaining in addressing flexibility and security in the chemical and pharmaceutical sector in Italy and Denmark. My multi-level and comparative focus on collective bargaining highlights that sector-level industrial relations institutions account for a considerable degree of within-country homogeneity in the content of company agreements over issues of flexibility and security. Moreover, it shows that the degree of company-level heterogeneity is conditioned primarily by firm-level contingencies: union representation and organizational characteristics. This means that at company level, both institutional and non-institutional structures are important explanatory variables.

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Bulfone, Fabio, and Alexandre Afonso. "Business Against Markets: Employer Resistance to Collective Bargaining Liberalization During the Eurozone Crisis." Comparative Political Studies 53, no. 5 (October 6, 2019): 809–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414019879963.

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Employer organizations have been presented as strong promoters of the liberalization of industrial relations in Europe. This article, in contrast, argues that the preferences of employers vis-à-vis liberalization are heterogeneous and documents how employer organizations in Spain, Italy, and Portugal have resisted state-led reforms to liberalize collective bargaining during the Euro crisis. It shows that the dominance of small firms in the economies of these countries make employer organizations supportive of selective aspects of sectoral bargaining and state regulation. Encompassing sectoral bargaining is important for small firms for three reasons: it limits industrial conflict, reduces transaction costs related to wage-bargaining, and ensures that member firms are not undercut by rivals offering lower wages and employment conditions. Furthermore, the maintenance of sectoral bargaining and its extension to whole sectors by the state is a matter of survival for employer organizations. The article presents rationales for employer opposition to liberalization that differ from the varieties of capitalism approach.

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Cardinaleschi, Stefania, Santis De, and Marina Schenkel. "Effects of decentralised bargaining on gender inequality: Italy." Panoeconomicus 66, no. 3 (2019): 325–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan1903325c.

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This paper analyses the relation between bargaining regimes and the gender wage gap (GWG), identifying the contribution of individual characteristics. First, a description of the gender disparities in the Italian labour market is presented, using the evidence from the Linked Employer Employees Data from the Structure of Earnings Survey (SES). Then, with a particular focus on the different types of collective agreements, various decomposition techniques are employed in order to describe how gender inequality differs across bargaining regimes. Finally, some suggestions are advanced regarding the mix of policies that could reduce the gender wage gap in the labour market.

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Romens, Anne-Iris, Valeria Piro, and Francesco E. Iannuzzi. "The variable geometry of bargaining: implementing unions' strategies on remote work in Italy." STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI, no. 1 (June 2022): 129–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/so2022-001006.

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The spreading of remote work in Italy following the Coronavirus pandemic has brought numerous challenges that have prompted trade unions to include this form of work as a matter of collective bargaining. The article aims to study unions' everyday bargaining practices, by investigating how the main union guide-lines on remote work have been implemented during the pandemic. Based on empirical data collected in Veneto and starting from the perspective of union officials and representatives, the article sheds light on unions' bargaining practices concerning access to remote work, remote workers' income, working time, and workloads. The analysis permits us to stress that union practitioners adapt the strategies of their union organisations to the specific sectors and workplaces in which they are embedded, according to the specific needs of the workforce they represent and to how they perceive their own bargaining power. We argue that the different variables - geographical level, sector, previous bargaining experience, unionists' ideological position, perception of their own bargaining power - intersect with each other, producing a variable geometry of bargaining practices with regard to remote work.

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Godino, Alejandro, and Oscar Molina. "The industrial relations chameleon: collective bargaining in the facility management business." Employee Relations: The International Journal 44, no. 7 (December 16, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-12-2020-0526.

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PurposeThe paper aims to analyze collective bargaining in the facility management business of these six countries to explore similarities and differences between them. The analysis serves to test the differential impact of the national institutional setting on the protection provided by collective agreements to facility management workers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts a case study methodology to approach a facility management multinational company providing services in six European countries (France, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, Spain and the UK) that represent different industrial relations systems with variance in key dimensions of collective bargaining, including its structure, coverage and extension of agreements.FindingsThe extension of the facility management business model has not always adopted a high-road strategy aimed at enhancing the quality and efficiency through the integrated management and delivery of services, which is expected to positively impact employment conditions. Rather, it has, in many cases, been a deliberate, low-road attempt to undercut working standards, taking advantage of the multiple services provided by the company in a context of growing de-centralization in collective bargaining. The results point to an important role of industrial relations institutions in shaping facility management strategies and outcomes.Originality/valueSimilar to other forms of outsourcing, facility management leads to fragmented employment relations. However, the concentration of outsourced workers under the same supplier organization introduces opportunities to ensure the protection of workers, depending on the adoption of a high- or low-road competitive strategy. This paper provides for the first time comparative evidence about industrial relations in facility management businesses, a largely under-researched area.

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Velluti, Samantha. "Promotion of Gender Equality at the Workplace: Gender Mainstreaming and Collective Bargaining in Italy." Feminist Legal Studies 16, no. 2 (August 2008): 195–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10691-008-9088-z.

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Donini, Annamaria, Michele Forlivesi, Anna Rota, and Patrizia Tullini. "Towards collective protections for crowdworkers." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 23, no. 2 (April 18, 2017): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258916688863.

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The ‘sharing economy’ and the collaborative economy are shaping new forms of employment in which digital platforms enable multilateral work relationships. This article discusses some initiatives aimed at the collective protection of crowdworkers. The first section investigates whether it is possible to extend EU labour protection – in particular, collective rights – to independent digital contractors. The second section looks at whether the national level may offer more effective measures for economically dependent digital workers or for distance workers, by comparing three selected countries: Italy, France and Spain. The article then explores the possibility of extending to crowdworkers the protections offered by collective bargaining and addresses how trade unions could have a role in implementing guarantees for crowdworkers. Comparative analysis is used to show how different constitutional systems recognise freedom of association, especially in relation to ‘subordinated’ workers. A strategy of viewing collective rights as human rights could be applied in order to reduce the contractual weakness of self-employed workers on digital platforms – and might even form the basis of a bill of rights.

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Damiani, Mirella, and Andrea Ricci. "Decentralised bargaining and performance-related pay." International Journal of Manpower 35, no. 7 (September 30, 2014): 1038–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-01-2012-0004.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which performance-related pay (PRP) has been negotiated through decentralised bargaining in Italy. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides estimates aimed at identifying the main factors that have favoured agreements on PRP, on the basis of a nationally representative sample of Italian manufacturing and service companies. Findings – The paper shows that collective bargaining on PRP in Italy is positively associated with the presence of unions. The estimates also suggest that in unionised firms, workers have more access to returns from training in the form of PRP schemes. Finally, the paper finds that firm performance is positively associated with the adoption of PRP. Research limitations/implications – Further research based on additional data should enable the authors to identify causal effects. Practical implications – Partial fiscal exemptions for the wage component linked to enterprise results might increase the number of firms adopting PRP. In addition, the presence of unions may discourage the diffusion of “cosmetic” schemes that are adopted merely to secure benefits for the firm. Unions may also increase the returns of training and diffusion of PRP. Originality/value – This paper utilises a unique database containing recent information from a nationwide sample of Italian firms. It includes a whole set of information, including unionisation at the firm level, which allows the authors to address a critical issue, i.e., the strategic role of unions in adopting (or impeding) the adoption of PRP.

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Baccaro, Lucio, and Marco Simoni. "Organizational Determinants of Wage Moderation." World Politics 62, no. 4 (October 2010): 594–635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887110000201.

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This article contributes to the political economic literature regarding the effects of industrial relations institutions on national economic outcomes. Based on an econometric analysis of the determinants of wage moderation in sixteen industrialized countries between 1974 and 2000, it argues that the organizational characteristics of trade unions have a significant impact on wage dynamics. Controlling for a number of institutional and economic factors, the countries in which trade union confederations directly involve workers in the process of collective bargaining ratification have on average lower wage growth relative to productivity than others. The authors also find that collective bargaining coordination and contract ratification magnify each other's wage-dampening effect. Through case studies of Ireland and Italy, the article examines the causal mechanisms underlying the uncovered statistical regularities and concludes that, particularly at a time in which classic political exchange is waning, worker involvement in contract ratification allows confederation leaders to resolve conflicting claims inside their organizations at lower wage levels than are achieved by a less participatory governance process.

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Bomba, Katarzyna. "Minimum Wage Fixing Mechanisms in the EU Member States: A Comparative Overview in the Light of the Draft Directive on Adequate Minimum Wages." Journal of the University of Latvia. Law 15 (November 16, 2022): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/jull.15.09.

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This paper focuses on a comparative legal overview of the minimum wage in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania and Spain. The author uses this context to discuss the significance of constitutions, statutes and collective bargaining agreements. Attention is drawn to the amount of detail in relevant constitutional provisions, the reasons for the discrepancies, as well as to the correlation between the way in which the minimum wage is regulated in the constitution and the way it is regulated by way of statute or collective bargaining agreement. The influence of international and European legal acts on the norms adopted in particular states is also assessed. Next, the structure of various national minimum wage fixing mechanisms is analysed in an attempt to indicate regularities in their formation. The paper refers to the draft Directive on adequate minimum wages in the European Union and provides an assessment of its potential impact on domestic legal systems. Further, the article evaluates national minimum wage fixing mechanisms from the perspective of their compatibility with the requirements introduced by the draft Directive.

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Galetto, Manuela, Paul Marginson, and Catherine Spieser. "Collective bargaining and reforms to hospital healthcare provision: A comparison of the UK, Italy and France." European Journal of Industrial Relations 20, no. 2 (November 11, 2013): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680113508852.

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BONI, Guido. "Towards socially sensitive corporate restructuring? Comparative remarks on collective bargaining developments in Germany, France and Italy." International Labour Review 148, no. 1-2 (June 2009): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-913x.2009.00049.x.

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Delfino, Massimiliano. "The ‘puzzle’ of workers’ mobility in Italy." European Labour Law Journal 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2031952519900997.

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In Italy, workers’ mobility is a very complicated puzzle that is composed of different pieces. This paper deals with such different pieces under the perspective of workers' mobility within the European Union and highlights that the term mobility is not a synonym of posting (of workers), since the latter term indicates only one of the types (although the most relevant) of workers’ mobility. The author starts with workers’ mobility within the national border and beyond the European Union. Then, he concentrates his attention on the Italian way of transposing the EU Directives on the transnational posting of workers, which is very problematic, especially with reference to the role of collective bargaining agreements. Special attention is dedicated to the issue of public policy where an important role is played by Italian case law, which is very interesting and not uniform. The paper ends with some predictions about the forthcoming Italian legislation concerning both national and transnational mobility, which will be possibly influenced by the domestic political agenda.

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López-Andreu, Martí. "Neoliberal trends in collective bargaining and employment regulation in Spain, Italy and the UK: From institutional forms to institutional outcomes." European Journal of Industrial Relations 25, no. 4 (November 9, 2018): 309–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680118810294.

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This article discusses the effect of neoliberal trends in employment regulation during the 2008 recession. Liberalization in employment institutions is a long-term trend reinforced by the implementation of austerity policies. I use EU-SILC panel data to discuss these trends in Spain, Italy and the UK in three periods: before the crisis (2004–2007), during the crisis (2007–2010) and under austerity (2010–2013). Although liberalization reforms interacted with the existing institutional architectures, I find a common trend towards greater employer discretion. Crucially, this trend in institutional outcomes appears in countries with different formal institutional characteristics in employment and collective bargaining.

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Senatori, Iacopo. "The Irresistible Rise of Occupational Welfare in Italy: From Social Innovation to Regulatory Challenges." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 33, Issue 4 (December 1, 2017): 441–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2017019.

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This article examines the legislative measures and collective bargaining provisions responding to the need for employee well-being and protection from social risks, that are increasingly important in Italy as part of a broader trend in the comparative scenario. After considering the concept of ‘occupational’ or ‘company-level welfare’ to encompass such provisions and practices within a single analytical framework, the focus shifts to the legal issues arising from the configuration of the interests involved and the balance between them. It is argued that a specific regulatory approach should be used to address such problems, and that reflexive labour law theory could provide an appropriate framework in this regard. Finally, some points for further consideration are proposed in relation to the linkages between the solutions put forward on this particular issue and the theoretical debates on the foundations of labour law.

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Del Punta, Riccardo. "Labour Market Reforms and Beyond: The Italian Case." International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 35, Issue 3 (September 1, 2019): 355–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2019017.

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The author examines the process of the labour market reform in Italy. The main provisions of the subsequent waves of reform are highlighted, with special emphasis on the reform of dismissal regulations, the role of the standard employment contract in response to labour market dualism, the measures aimed at enhancing functional flexibility and productivity, the growing importance of decentralized collective bargaining and the persistent shortcomings of security measures. The intrinsic limits of these reforms, deriving from their mainly neoliberal inspiration, are then examined. At the same time, it is argued that they have offered a chance for modernization of the labour law approach, which needs to be further developed in a constructive perspective going beyond a mere reaction to neoliberal challenges.

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Mathieson, Hamish, and Roberto Pedersini. "Gli effetti della liberalizzazione del trasporto pubblico locale sulle relazioni industriali: Regno Unito e Italia a confronto." GIORNALE DI DIRITTO DEL LAVORO E DI RELAZIONI INDUSTRIALI, no. 122 (July 2009): 337–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gdl2009-122005.

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- This article examines the extent to which a number of hypothesised consequences for industrial relations in the context of liberalisation have been realised, such as a strengthening of managerial prerogatives and unilateral actions, the emergence of specific competitive pressures on labour costs, work flexibility and worker protections, the fragmentation of collective bargaining with an emphasis on company-level regulation. The sector selected is local public transport and in particular the bus industry. In the article the ownership structure of the bus industry, its regulatory and labour relations features are discussed in the context of governmentinitiated reforms in the UK and Italy. Evidence from empirical research conducted in both countries will then be presented and discussed in the conclusions.Key words: Liberalisation, Public services, Local public transport, Industrial relations, United Kingdom, Italy.Parole chiave: Liberalizzazione, Servizi pubblici, Trasporto pubblico locale, Relazioni industriali, Regno Unito, Italia.

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Meulders, Danièle, and Robert Plasman. "The third pillar: adaptability." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 5, no. 4 (November 1999): 481–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425899900500405.

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In most of the European Union countries, decisions related to the third pillar guidelines fall to those involved in collective bargaining. This is certainly the case for everything covered under Guideline 16 and, in particular, questions related to the reduction, reorganisation or modernisation of working time, with the exception of part-time work, which is very often the subject of statutory or legislative measures. Thus, we find numerous references to part-time work in the NAPs, whether to measures intended to facilitate the use of this form of work by employers or employees, or to the need to improve the working conditions of part-timers. On the other hand, all of the NAPs - with a few exceptions - are very circumspect, or not very explicit, about aspects linked to the duration and organisation of working time. It is difficult, moreover, to judge the progress made within the Member States with respect to partnership at all levels, as encouraged in the guidelines, which is meant to be one of the essential factors contributing to a modernisation of work organisation and an improvement in firms' adaptability. Although social pacts have been concluded in certain countries (Italy, Ireland, Luxembourg, Finland), their real scope cannot be evaluated by studying the National Action Plans. Moreover, their possible effects can only be judged over time. Investment in human capital is without doubt the aspect which comes up least in the NAPs, or can in any case be described as the dimension where innovative input is most lacking. Finally, the gender dimension puts in too rare an appearance in the third pillar, even though working time, employment contracts and training are three areas where the gender dimension is essential and causes significant stratification. It emerges from a close examination of the NAPs that the third pillar is interpreted in too restrictive a manner, underestimating the modernisation of work organisation aspect, and lacking an overall vision of the true potential of a strategy to modernise the organisation of work and working time.

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Aloisi, Antonio. "Platform work in Europe: Lessons learned, legal developments and challenges ahead." European Labour Law Journal 13, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 4–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20319525211062557.

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Several years since first emerging in Europe, platform work continues to represent a ‘social dilemma’ for workers, social partners, policymakers and society as a whole. As a result of intense litigation, analysis and reporting, much is known about the contractual and working conditions in this growing labour market segment. While the European Union (EU) institutions are considering adopting a new Directive based on Art. 153 TFEU, there are a number of significant top-down and bottom-up national cases worth discussing. Workers across Europe have been reclassified by many courts; some governments have taken regulatory initiatives to address the risk of precariousness and have implemented new comprehensive legal instruments to safeguard a level playing field for both workers and platforms. This article discusses how existing and new domestic and EU labour law provisions can improve the labour conditions of platform workers. Its overarching goal is to address possible policy gaps and the implications for EU social law by exploring the lessons that can be drawn from recent policies and legal developments. Section two briefly touches upon the policymaking initiatives in France, Spain and Italy. Moreover, it presents and reviews the main outcomes of litigation at the domestic level, focusing on the pervasive role played by algorithmic management. After introducing the Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR), section three critically analyses two key achievements at the EU level: the Directive on transparent and predictable working conditions and the Recommendation on access to social protection for workers and the self-employed. Section four explores the elasticity of the triad of Directives that regulate atypical forms of employment (part-time, fixed-term and temporary agency work). It is argued that the narrow construction of the Directives’ scope of application could represent an obstacle. However, an adaptive and purposive approach by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) could result in the classification of platform workers as falling within the scope of the social acquis in certain fields. Finally, section five concludes by providing concrete policy proposals focussed on cross-border issues, algorithmic transparency, the introduction of a presumption of employment status and collective bargaining.

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Devicienti, Francesco, Bernardo Fanfani, and Agata Maida. "Collective Bargaining and the Evolution of Wage Inequality in Italy." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2861078.

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Vatta, Alessia. "The evolution of Italian bilateral bodies and funds in a comparative perspective." Economic and Industrial Democracy, November 30, 2020, 0143831X2097633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x20976334.

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In recent years, decentralised collective bargaining has been increasingly discussed in Italy. The importance of collective bargaining is often questioned, but sectoral agreements have various purposes and the related bilateral bodies and funds are managed jointly by social partner organisations. In comparison with peak-level social pacts, it is a less visible kind of cooperation, but particularly relevant in times of crisis. The article deals with the activity of bipartite bodies and funds. The analysis shows that they perform remarkable functions and could develop further. However, some problems also emerge from the comparison with bilateral experiences in other countries.

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Arribas Camara, Javier, and Luis Cárdenas. "Trajectories of liberalisation on the European industrial relations systems." Work Organisation, Labour & Globalisation 16, no. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.13169/workorgalaboglob.16.2.0021.

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The main hypothesis of this article is that labour liberalisation in the post-Fordist period has affected the three principal areas of collective bargaining coordination (coverage, dominance and control) in two different ways: by attacking the core (deregulation) and the margins (dualisation) of industrial relations. Due to differences in the institutional structures of European countries, these processes could have different effects in each country, resulting in differentiated and gradual path-dependent transformations. This hypothesis is tested by studying the institutional frameworks of industrial relations in several representative European economies: France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Finally, we conclude that there has been a substantial modification of the role, activity and weight of collective actors in the economic system of each country as a consequence of the effect of the different forms of liberalisation on the coordination of collective bargaining. As a corollary, a shift in European Union labour policies towards a further strengthening of collective bargaining spaces is needed to give social partners greater capacity to seek coordinated solutions to contemporary economic and social problems.

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SEIFFARTH, Marlene. "Collective bargaining in domestic work and its contribution to regulation and formalization in Italy." International Labour Review, December 7, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12382.

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Cetrulo, Armanda. "Is remote working here to stay? Lessons and ideas for a post-pandemic future." Sinappsi, 2021, 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.53223/sinappsi_2021-02-2.

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The article studies the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the labor market for what concerns the diffusion of remote working in Italy. First, it shows how working remotely represents a possibility for a minority of the workforce. Then, it discusses the presence of structural socioeconomic gaps between those who can and cannot work remotely in terms of income, unemployment, and health security at work. Finally, it addresses the issue of poor regulation on remote working by offering an overview of the national regulatory framework and describing recent trends in collective bargaining.

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Ferrero-Regis, Tiziana. "Fatto in Italia: Refashioning Italy." PORTAL Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies 5, no. 2 (September 16, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/portal.v5i2.707.

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This article discusses how the Made in Italy brand helped Italy to recover from economic recession in the 1980s, but also how it redefined the country's identity after the traumatic years of terrorism and especially after the murder of the Christian Democratic Party Secretary, Aldo Moro, at the hands of the Red Brigades. In this period cinema as a form of artistic achievement declined, while fashion and industrial design moved at the centre stage of economic and creative success. The rampant consumerism of the 1980s, fuelled by tax reforms that favoured a wider urban middle class, the retreat of unionism, the abandonment of collective bargaining in many industrial sectors, industrial restructuring with the consequent growth of black market economy in the provincial areas of the so-called Third Italy first and the South later, were all factors that contributed to a social and economic shift within Italy itself. Commercial consumption, propagated by the proliferation of local commercial television networks, hedonism and a re-articulation of identity through appearance replaced the 1970s' political activism and ideological opposition to fashion. Ultimately, 'Made in Italy' was a multidimensional phenomenon that presented itself as a new cultural model for the country’s political tribes of the 1970s.

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Bergamante, Francesca, and Manuel Marocco. "New European Economic Governance and Decentralisation of the Collective Bargaining Structure in Italy: Did It Work Out?" SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3228590.

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Daruich, Diego, Sabrina Di Addario, and Raffaele Saggio. "The Effects of Partial Employment Protection Reforms: Evidence from Italy." Review of Economic Studies, February 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdad012.

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Abstract We combine matched employer-employee data with firms& financial records to study a 2001 Italian reform that lifted constraints on the employment of temporary contract workers while maintaining rigid employment protection regulations for employees hired under permanent contracts. Exploiting the staggered implementation of the reform across different collective bargaining agreements, we find that this policy change led to an increase in the share of temporary contracts but failed to raise employment. The reform had both winners and losers. Firms are the main winners as the reform was successful in decreasing labor costs, leading to higher profits. By contrast, young workers are the main losers since their earnings were substantially depressed following the policy change. Rent-sharing estimates show that temporary workers receive only two-thirds of the rents shared by firms with permanent workers, helping explain most of the labor costs and earnings reductions caused by the reform.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Collective bargaining – Italy'

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