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Academic literature on the topic 'Collective approaches'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Collective approaches"

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Windmuller, John P. "Current Approaches to Collective Bargaining." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43, no. 4 (April 1990): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2524146.

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Fine, Gary Alan, and Aaron Beim. "Introduction: Interactionist Approaches to Collective Memory." Symbolic Interaction 30, no. 1 (February 2007): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/si.2007.30.1.1.

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Urzay, Iñaki. "Collective intelligence approaches to malware recognition." Network Security 2008, no. 5 (May 2008): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-4858(08)70065-5.

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Tsevelov, O. Ye. "COLLECTIVE SECURITY SYSTEM: MODERN APPROACHES AND PROBLEMS." "Scientific Notes of Taurida V.I. Vernadsky University", series "Public Administration" 31, no. 6 (2020): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/tnu-2663-6468/2020.6/16.

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Zhou and Segerson. "Individual vs. Collective Approaches to Fisheries Management." Marine Resource Economics 31, no. 2 (2016): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/44011782.

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Walzer, Norman, Liz Weaver, and Catherine McGuire. "Collective impact approaches and community development issues." Community Development 47, no. 2 (January 22, 2016): 156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2015.1133686.

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Wertsch, James V., and Henry L. Roediger. "Collective memory: Conceptual foundations and theoretical approaches." Memory 16, no. 3 (April 2008): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09658210701801434.

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Zhou, Rong, and Kathleen Segerson. "Individual vs. Collective Approaches to Fisheries Management." Marine Resource Economics 31, no. 2 (April 2016): 165–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/685384.

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O'Keeffe, Bernadette. "Opening up Approaches to Collective Worship in School." Journal of Beliefs & Values 10, no. 2 (January 1989): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1361767890100204.

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Chvoj, Zdeněk, Martin Mašín, and T. Ala-Nissila. "Theoretical approaches to collective diffusion on stepped surfaces." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2006, no. 10 (October 6, 2006): P10003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2006/10/p10003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Collective approaches"

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Alhelbawy, Ayman. "Collective approaches to named entity disambiguation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6891/.

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Internet content has become one of the most important resources of information. Much of this information is in the form of natural language text and one of the important components of natural language text is named entities. So automatic recognition and classification of named entities has attracted researchers for many years. Named entities are mentioned in different textual forms in different documents. Also, the same textual mention may refer to different named entities. This problem is well known in NLP as a disambiguation problem. Named Entity Disambiguation (NED) refers to the task of mapping different named entity mentions in running text to their correct interpretations in a specific knowledge base (KB). NED is important for many applications like search engines and software agents that aim to aggregate information on real world entities from sources such as the Web. The main goal of this research is to develop new methods for named entity disambiguation, emphasising the importance of interdependency of named entity candidates of different textual mentions in the document. The thesis focuses on two connected problems related to disambiguation. The first is Candidates Generation, the process of finding a small set of named entity candidate entries in the knowledge base for a specific textual mention, where this set contains the correct entry in the knowledge base. The second problem is Collective Disambiguation, where all named entity textual mentions in the document are disambiguated jointly, using interdependence and semantic relations between the different NE candidates of different textual mentions. Wikipedia is used as a reference knowledge base in this research. An information retrieval framework is used to generate the named entity candidates for a textual mention. A novel document similarity function (NEBSim) based on NE co-occurrence is introduced to calculate the similarity between two documents given a specific named entity textual mention. NEB-sim is also used in conjunction with the traditional cosine similarity measure to learn a model for ranking the named entity candidates. Na\"{i}ve Bayes and SVM classifiers are used to re-rank the retrieved documents. Our experiments, carried out on TAC-KBP 2011 data, show NEBsim achieves significant improvement in accuracy as compared with a cosine similarity approach. Two novel approaches to collectively disambiguate textual mentions of named entities against Wikipedia are developed and tested using the AIDA dataset. The first represents the conditional dependencies between different named entities across Wikipedia as a Markov network, where named entities are treated as hidden variables and textual mentions as observations. The number of states and observations is huge, and na\"{i}vely using the Viterbi algorithm to find the hidden state sequence which emits the query observation sequence is computationally infeasible given a state space of this size. Based on an observation that is specific to the disambiguation problem, we develop an approach that uses a tailored approximation to reduce the size of the state space, making the Viterbi algorithm feasible. Results show good improvement in disambiguation accuracy relative to the baseline approach, and to some state-of-the-art approaches. Our approach also shows how, with suitable approximations, HMMs can be used in such large-scale state space problems. The second collective disambiguation approach uses a graph model, where all possible NE candidates are represented as nodes in the graph, and associations between different candidates are represented by edges between the nodes. Each node has an initial confidence score, e.g. entity popularity. Page-Rank is used to rank nodes, and the final rank is combined with the initial confidence for candidate selection. Experiments show the effectiveness of using Page-Rank in conjunction with initial confidence, achieving 87\% accuracy, outperforming both baseline and state-of-the-art approaches.
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Gulcehre, Caglar. "Two Approaches For Collective Learning With Language Games." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613109/index.pdf.

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Recent studies in cognitive science indicate that language has an important social function. The structure and knowledge of language emerges from the processes of human communication together with the domain-general cognitive processes. Each individual of a community interacts socially with a limited number of peers. Nevertheless societies are characterized by their stunning global regularities. By dealing with the language as a complex adaptive system, we are able to analyze how languages change and evolve over time. Multi-agent computational simulations assist scientists from different disciplines to build several language emergence scenarios. In this thesis several simulations are implemented and tested in order to categorize examples in a test data set efficiently and accurately by using a population of agents interacting by playing categorization games inspired by L. Steels'
s naming game. The emergence of categories throughout interactions between a population of agents in the categorization games are analyzed. The test results of categorization games as a model combination algorithm with various machine learning algorithms on different data sets have shown that categorization games can have a comparable performance with fast convergence.
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Quatraro, Diego <1982&gt. "Collective effects for the LHC injectors: non-ultrarelativistic approaches." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3403/1/quatraro_diego_tesi.pdf.

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The upgrade of the CERN accelerator complex has been planned in order to further increase the LHC performances in exploring new physics frontiers. One of the main limitations to the upgrade is represented by the collective instabilities. These are intensity dependent phenomena triggered by electromagnetic fields excited by the interaction of the beam with its surrounding. These fields are represented via wake fields in time domain or impedances in frequency domain. Impedances are usually studied assuming ultrarelativistic bunches while we mainly explored low and medium energy regimes in the LHC injector chain. In a non-ultrarelativistic framework we carried out a complete study of the impedance structure of the PSB which accelerates proton bunches up to 1.4 GeV. We measured the imaginary part of the impedance which creates betatron tune shift. We introduced a parabolic bunch model which together with dedicated measurements allowed us to point to the resistive wall impedance as the source of one of the main PSB instability. These results are particularly useful for the design of efficient transverse instability dampers. We developed a macroparticle code to study the effect of the space charge on intensity dependent instabilities. Carrying out the analysis of the bunch modes we proved that the damping effects caused by the space charge, which has been modelled with semi-analytical method and using symplectic high order schemes, can increase the bunch intensity threshold. Numerical libraries have been also developed in order to study, via numerical simulations of the bunches, the impedance of the whole CERN accelerator complex. On a different note, the experiment CNGS at CERN, requires high-intensity beams. We calculated the interpolating Hamiltonian of the beam for highly non-linear lattices. These calculations provide the ground for theoretical and numerical studies aiming to improve the CNGS beam extraction from the PS to the SPS.
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Quatraro, Diego <1982&gt. "Collective effects for the LHC injectors: non-ultrarelativistic approaches." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3403/.

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The upgrade of the CERN accelerator complex has been planned in order to further increase the LHC performances in exploring new physics frontiers. One of the main limitations to the upgrade is represented by the collective instabilities. These are intensity dependent phenomena triggered by electromagnetic fields excited by the interaction of the beam with its surrounding. These fields are represented via wake fields in time domain or impedances in frequency domain. Impedances are usually studied assuming ultrarelativistic bunches while we mainly explored low and medium energy regimes in the LHC injector chain. In a non-ultrarelativistic framework we carried out a complete study of the impedance structure of the PSB which accelerates proton bunches up to 1.4 GeV. We measured the imaginary part of the impedance which creates betatron tune shift. We introduced a parabolic bunch model which together with dedicated measurements allowed us to point to the resistive wall impedance as the source of one of the main PSB instability. These results are particularly useful for the design of efficient transverse instability dampers. We developed a macroparticle code to study the effect of the space charge on intensity dependent instabilities. Carrying out the analysis of the bunch modes we proved that the damping effects caused by the space charge, which has been modelled with semi-analytical method and using symplectic high order schemes, can increase the bunch intensity threshold. Numerical libraries have been also developed in order to study, via numerical simulations of the bunches, the impedance of the whole CERN accelerator complex. On a different note, the experiment CNGS at CERN, requires high-intensity beams. We calculated the interpolating Hamiltonian of the beam for highly non-linear lattices. These calculations provide the ground for theoretical and numerical studies aiming to improve the CNGS beam extraction from the PS to the SPS.
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Archibald, Thomas L. "Dispute resolution in hospital collective bargaining, the Ontario and Quebec approaches." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/MQ28172.pdf.

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Minto, Amy M. "Nonmarket Autonomy| Combining Private and Collective Approaches to Corporate Political Activity." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10142268.

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By pursuing private and collective political action in the nonmarket environment, businesses attempt to influence public policy that shapes their operating environment. This dissertation considers how a firm’s market-based experience and its accumulation of political resources affect how the firm combines private and collective political tactics. Drawing on the resource-based view of the firm (RBV) I investigate how a firm’s alliance experience, political resources and prior collective political experience influence the autonomy of its Corporate Political Activity (CPA). I use fixed effects GLS regression with clustered standard errors to test my model on a panel of 21,329 firm/year observations of 2,779 U.S. property casualty insurance companies over the ten-year period between 2005 and 2014. I find support for the influence of state-level political resources, equity alliances, and the interaction of prior collective CPA experience with regulatory complexity and learning capacity on autonomy. My findings contribute to the growing literature connecting market and non-market strategies by linking collaboration in the political arena to the related market activity of alliance experience. Findings also contribute to our understanding of how participation in a collective provides opportunities for learning, and reveals that taking advantage of this opportunity depends on a firm’s learning capacity and the complexity of its regulatory environment. These findings add insight to the literatures on CPA, inter-organizational learning, collective action and trade associations.

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Minto, Amy. "Nonmarket Autonomy: Combining Private and Collective Approaches to Corporate Political Activity." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20502.

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By pursuing private and collective political action in the nonmarket environment, businesses attempt to influence public policy that shapes their operating environment. This dissertation considers how a firm’s market-based experience and its accumulation of political resources affect how the firm combines private and collective political tactics. Drawing on the resource-based view of the firm (RBV) I investigate how a firm’s alliance experience, political resources and prior collective political experience influence the autonomy of its Corporate Political Activity (CPA). I use fixed effects GLS regression with clustered standard errors to test my model on a panel of 21,329 firm/year observations of 2,779 U.S. property casualty insurance companies over the ten-year period between 2005 and 2014. I find support for the influence of state-level political resources, equity alliances, and the interaction of prior collective CPA experience with regulatory complexity and learning capacity on autonomy. My findings contribute to the growing literature connecting market and non-market strategies by linking collaboration in the political arena to the related market activity of alliance experience. Findings also contribute to our understanding of how participation in a collective provides opportunities for learning, and reveals that taking advantage of this opportunity depends on a firm’s learning capacity and the complexity of its regulatory environment. These findings add insight to the literatures on CPA, inter-organizational learning, collective action and trade associations.
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Merrifield, Alistair James. "An Investigation Of Mathematical Models For Animal Group Movement, Using Classical And Statistical Approaches." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1132.

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Collective actions of large animal groups result in elaborate behaviour, whose nature can be breathtaking in their complexity. Social organisation is the key to the origin of this behaviour and the mechanisms by which this organisation occurs are of particular interest. In this thesis, these mechanisms of social interactions and their consequences for group-level behaviour are explored. Social interactions amongst individuals are based on simple rules of attraction, alignment and orientation amongst neighbouring individuals. As part of this study, we will be interested in data that takes the form of a set of directions in space. In Chapter 2, we discuss relevant statistical measure and theory which will allow us to analyse directional data. These statistical tools will be employed on the results of the simulations of the mathematical models formulated in the course of the thesis. The first mathematical model for collective group behaviour is a Lagrangian self-organising model, which is formulated in Chapter 3. This model is based on basic social interactions between group members. Resulting collective behaviours and other related issues are examined during this chapter. Once we have an understanding of the model in Chapter 3, we use this model in Chapter 4 to investigate the idea of guidance of large groups by a select number of individuals. These individuals are privy to information regarding the location of a specific goal. This is used to explore a mechanism proposed for honeybee (Apis mellifera) swarm migrations. The spherical theory introduced in Chapter 2 will prove to be particularly useful in analysing the results of the modelling. In Chapter 5, we introduce a second mathematical model for aggregative behaviour. The model uses ideas from electromagnetic forces and particle physics, reinterpreting them in the context of social forces. While attraction and repulsion terms have been included in similar models in past literature, we introduce an orientation force to our model and show the requirement of a dissipative force to prevent individuals from escaping from the confines of the group.
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Merrifield, Alistair James. "An Investigation Of Mathematical Models For Animal Group Movement, Using Classical And Statistical Approaches." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1132.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Collective actions of large animal groups result in elaborate behaviour, whose nature can be breathtaking in their complexity. Social organisation is the key to the origin of this behaviour and the mechanisms by which this organisation occurs are of particular interest. In this thesis, these mechanisms of social interactions and their consequences for group-level behaviour are explored. Social interactions amongst individuals are based on simple rules of attraction, alignment and orientation amongst neighbouring individuals. As part of this study, we will be interested in data that takes the form of a set of directions in space. In Chapter 2, we discuss relevant statistical measure and theory which will allow us to analyse directional data. These statistical tools will be employed on the results of the simulations of the mathematical models formulated in the course of the thesis. The first mathematical model for collective group behaviour is a Lagrangian self-organising model, which is formulated in Chapter 3. This model is based on basic social interactions between group members. Resulting collective behaviours and other related issues are examined during this chapter. Once we have an understanding of the model in Chapter 3, we use this model in Chapter 4 to investigate the idea of guidance of large groups by a select number of individuals. These individuals are privy to information regarding the location of a specific goal. This is used to explore a mechanism proposed for honeybee (Apis mellifera) swarm migrations. The spherical theory introduced in Chapter 2 will prove to be particularly useful in analysing the results of the modelling. In Chapter 5, we introduce a second mathematical model for aggregative behaviour. The model uses ideas from electromagnetic forces and particle physics, reinterpreting them in the context of social forces. While attraction and repulsion terms have been included in similar models in past literature, we introduce an orientation force to our model and show the requirement of a dissipative force to prevent individuals from escaping from the confines of the group.
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Taylor, Michael A. "Tradable permit markets for the control of point and nonpoint sources of water pollution technology-based collective performance-based approaches /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1059077005.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 465 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Allan Randall, Interdisciplinary Program. Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-165).
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Books on the topic "Collective approaches"

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1958-, Empter Stefan, Esche Andreas, and Bertelsmann Stiftung (Gütersloh Germany), eds. Individual responsibility and solidarity: New approaches in social and collective bargaining policy. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Foundation Publishers, 1997.

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Minati, Gianfranco. New approaches for modelling emergence of collective phenomena. Monza-Milano: Polimetrica, 2008.

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Agency without actors?: New approaches to collective action. London: Routledge, 2012.

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1960-, Taylor Gary, and Spencer Steve 1956-, eds. Social identities: Multidisciplinary approaches. London: Routledge, 2004.

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Fine, Nic. Fireworks: Creative approaches to conflict. Leicester: Youth Work Press in conjunction with The Leaveners, 1992.

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Yearwood, John. Approaches for community decision making and collective reasoning: Knowledge technology support. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, 2012.

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Organisation, International Labour, and ILO Symposium on Collective Bargaining in Industrialised Market Economy Countries (1987 : Geneva, Switzerland), eds. Current approaches to collective bargaining: An ILO Symposium on Collective Bargaining in Industrialised Market Economy Countries, Geneva, 2-6 November 1987. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1989.

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Memory and migration: Multidisciplinary approaches to memory studies. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2011.

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Haehnel, Birgit. Slavery in art and literature: Approaches to trauma, memory, and visuality. Berlin: Frank & Timme, 2010.

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Slavery in art and literature: Approaches to trauma, memory, and visuality. Berlin: Frank & Timme, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Collective approaches"

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Huberman, B. A., and N. S. Glance. "Diversity and Collective Action." In Interdisciplinary Approaches to Nonlinear Complex Systems, 44–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51030-4_5.

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Zytnicki, Jérémy, and Nathalie Lewi-Dumont. "Individualistic and Collective Shielding Approaches." In Teaching and Supporting Students with Disabilities During Times of Crisis, 149–76. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032618913-15.

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Graña, Manuel. "Dynamic Airspace Configuration: A Short Review of Computational Approaches." In Computational Collective Intelligence, 486–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28377-3_40.

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Kleineberg, Désirée. "Chapter 2. Collection nouns as a derivational category in Spanish." In Constructional Approaches to Language, 28–56. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cal.34.02kle.

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The paper examines the productivity of a constructional schema of collectivity in Spanish. We analyse nonce-formations derived from typical collective suffixes and classify their meanings. The analysis reveals that the derivation of collection nouns in Spanish is productive, mostly represented by the suffixes ‑erío and ‑amen. A comparison to French and Italian data further reveals a continuum of productivity of this schema in Romance languages. In Italian, it has various subordinated constructions instantiated by the suffixes ‑ame, ‑ume and ‑aglia, with French only being represented by the suffix ‑aille. The study reveals a detailed picture not only of the functional distribution of each suffix and language, but also the functional links between different forms, i.e. suffixes, and functions. The analysis implies that an onomasiological examination of collective nouns in Romance is not only fruitful, but indispensable.
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Busch, Michael W., and Dietrich von der Oelsnitz. "Collective Intelligence in Teams – Practical Approaches to Develop Transactive Memory." In On Collective Intelligence, 107–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14481-3_9.

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Pegoraro, Adrian F., Thien-Khoi N. Phung, and Jennifer A. Mitchel. "Collective Cellular Phase Transitions in Cancer." In Engineering and Physical Approaches to Cancer, 33–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22802-5_2.

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Michalewicz, Marek T., and Mukunda P. Das. "Collective Electronic Oscillations on C 60." In Computational Approaches to Novel Condensed Matter Systems, 163–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9791-6_8.

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Pham, Trong-Nghia, Nam-Phong Nguyen, Nguyen-Minh-Quan Dinh, and Thanh Le. "Developing a Student Monitoring System for Online Classrooms Based on Face Recognition Approaches." In Computational Collective Intelligence, 555–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16014-1_44.

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Mikhailov, A. S. "Collective Dynamics in Models of Communicating Populations." In Interdisciplinary Approaches to Nonlinear Complex Systems, 89–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51030-4_8.

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Bruha, Radek, and Pavel Kriz. "Different Approaches to Indoor Localization Based on Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons and Wi-Fi." In Computational Collective Intelligence, 305–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67077-5_29.

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Conference papers on the topic "Collective approaches"

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Kuznetsova, M. Yu, and V. V. Tkachenko. "The role of conciliation bodies in resolving collective labor disputes." In NEW APPROACHES AND CURRENT LEGAL RESEARCH. Baltija Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-263-0-23.

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Nitschke, G. S. "Neuro-Evolution approaches to collective behavior." In 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983127.

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Messer, Matthias, Ju¨rgen Grotepaß, Ulrich K. Frenzel, and Jitesh H. Panchal. "Towards a Function-Based Collective Innovation Framework." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86792.

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In this paper, we present a work-in-progress web-based framework to enable collective innovation via a combination of top-down structural and bottom-up self-organized processes in global enterprises. Problem: In current organizations, expertise is usually locked in discipline-specific project teams or departments based on existing product portfolios which restricts collective innovation through distributed networks of peers translating into increased innovation. Innovation projects are managed in stage gate processes using tools (such as proprietary project workspaces or product data management) that limit access to solutions on various levels of maturity/abstraction throughout the enterprise. Approach: Our approach to facilitate collective innovation in the early stages of product development involves identification and implementation of the following collective innovation mechanisms a) collective concept creation, b) collective concept selection, and c) collective information management. These innovation mechanisms are being instantiated in a web-enabled COllective INnovation (COIN) framework to synthesize collaborative bottom-up and structured top-down approaches fostering innovation. The COIN framework is thus based on self-organized collective innovation as well as function-based systematic conceptual design approaches thereby embodying both collaborative bottom-up and structured top-down structured aspects. From the proposed approach to collective innovation through innovation mechanisms and web enabled tools for implementing collaborative bottom-up and structured top-down structured aspects, global enterprises can benefit from the COIN-framework in fostering synergetic R&D-collaborations, know-how transfer and technology scouting during the early stages of product development. The value to global enterprises can further be significantly increased through application-tailored subspaces consisting of a collection of entities, loosely related by user-defined information links (e.g., tags), as exemplified for a sealing subspace and corkscrew design example in this paper.
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Aerts, Diederik, Massimiliano Sassoli De Bianchi, Sandro Sozzo, and Tomas Veloz. "QUANTUM COGNITION GOES BEYOND-QUANTUM: MODELING THE COLLECTIVE PARTICIPANT IN PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS." In II International Workshop on Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Information. Physical, Philosophical and Logical Approaches. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813276895_0017.

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Sharif, Nauman, and Muhammad Tanvir Afzal. "Recommendation approaches for e-learners." In MEDES '15: The 7th International Conference on Management of computational and collective IntElligence in Digital EcoSystems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2857218.2857251.

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Karabushenko, Pavel, Arushan Vartumyan, and Tatiana Shebzukhova. "Threats and challenges to the collective security of eurasia (on the example of the geopolitical cosmology of the south caucasus)." In East – West: Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.nurv4158.

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The modern world is facing numerous challenges and threats posed by the political realities of international relations.The instability of them leads to the destruction of the geopolitical world view, which needs constant clarification and adjustment. Geopolitical cosmology, which is engaged in creating a realistic picture of international relations, will help us to give an objective assessment of current international events. The geopolitical analysis of the Eurasian space, where there are always many different kinds of contradictions, threats and conflicts, is of particular interest in this regard. This region has the richest historical traditions, and a modern assessment of the objective political reality is impossible without taking them into account. The authors used a comprehensive methodological approach, which allows give full consideration to the dynamics of international events and constantly changing geopolitical strategies. The main goal of this study is to analyze the conflicts constantly occurring in this region, which are evidence of the confrontation between the leading powers defending their national interests here. It is in Eurasia that the world "weather" of international relations is formed. It is here the national interests of many leading countries that have nothing to do with this region, but strive to demonstrate their importance, collide. And the countries of this region itself must learn to defend, independently or jointly, their national interests, ensure their security and peacefully resolve urgent conflict situations.
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Panosso, Andriele da Silva, Luciana Inês Gomes Miron, Ioanni Delsante, and Patricia Tzortzopoulos. "BALANCING PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES IN NEIGHBOURHOOD SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT." In IV SIMPÓSIO NACIONAL DE GESTÃO E ENGENHARIA URBANA. ANTAC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46421/singeurb.v4i00.3608.

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The article aims to present an initial version of a methodology for assessing the sustainability of low-income neighbourhoods in Brazil, using an approach that integrates top-down and bottom-up participation perspectives in a balanced manner. The paper employs Design Science Research and outlines the stages of understanding, development, and evaluation of the proposed artefact, with a particular emphasis on the development phase, which seeks to address imbalances in conventional sustainability assessment tools, especially those related to the indicator development process. The proposed methodology integrates a place-based approach, involving stakeholders and local expertise, to create sustainable solutions aligned with local contexts. The research involves exploratory interviews, a Delphi study, and place-based participatory activities to select, adjust, and weight indicators. The proposed approach aims to achieve an accurate and context-sensitive assessment of neighbourhood sustainability, with the goal of improving public policy formulation and collective action. The contribution of this paper lies in the initial version of the method, and the event presentation of the paper focuses on gathering input from experts in sustainability to refine the methodology and the proposed data collection and analysis techniques.
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Lioris, Jennie, and Neila Bhouri. "Decision making approaches optimizing the benefits of fully autonomous and connected collective cars." In 2020 13th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hsi49210.2020.9142643.

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Panchal, Jitesh H. "Coordination in Collective Product Innovation." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37116.

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Collective innovation is based on connected, open, and collaborative processes to generate, develop, prioritize, and execute new ideas. While collective innovation is gaining significant attention by organizations, research on fundamental understanding of mechanisms enabling collective innovation is still in its infancy. One of the questions in enabling successful collective product innovation is: “How can activities of a large number of independent participants be coordinated?” Various researchers have studied coordination problems in traditional product realization processes, where the emphasis is on managing the dependencies between activities and resources. However, existing approaches for coordinating product development have limited applicability for collective product innovation because they are based on self-organizing communities as opposed to traditional hierarchies. To address this limitation, there is a need to understand how self-organization based coordination can be achieved in collective product innovation. In this paper, two key aspects of self-organization based coordination are highlighted: decentralization and evolution. A conceptual framework for understanding self-organization based coordination in collective product innovation is discussed. The framework highlights the dependencies between products, processes, individuals and organizational structures, which are important for coordination in collective product innovation. Various coordination mechanisms are required to manage these dependencies, thereby achieving decentralized, evolutionary coordination. For illustrative purposes, examples of such mechanisms used in open-source software development are discussed. Finally, an agent-based model is presented to quantitatively study the mechanisms for achieving decentralized evolutionary coordination. The conceptual framework and the agent-based model are used to derive insights for designing novel coordination mechanisms.
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BĂLTEANU, Albert. "STATISTICAL APPROACHES TO AEROSPACE RISK MANAGEMENT." In SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE. Publishing House of "Henri Coanda" Air Force Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2022.23.21.

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Training staff on the safety line is essential to prevent and minimize losses of any kind. Safety culture is designed to motivate staff to identify risks of any kind, to report them to improve the quality of activities and to eliminate stress levels. This culture is mainly based on education focused on training courses, motivation, discipline, attitudes and understanding the concept that any member of an organization has the role of protecting and increasing the quality of life, of the goods that they exploit and that others will exploit. Understanding these concepts prepares a safe environment for everyone around you, increases trust in the collective and decreases the level of stress in carrying out activities.
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Reports on the topic "Collective approaches"

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Hrynick, Tabitha, and Catherine Grant. Pandemic Preparedness, Covid Collective Phase 2 Helpdesk Report No. 3. Institute of Development Studies, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/cc.2023.003.

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This rapid literature review aims to provide initial insights into emerging lessons on pandemic preparedness in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. It pays special attention to research generated by the Covid Collective research partners, contextualising it within the perspectives and lessons from the broader literature and debates on preparedness. The report especially considers evidence which indicates how future approaches to pandemic preparedness (based on what we have learned from our research) can really serve the interests of those in different societies who experience the greatest levels of vulnerability, exclusion, and marginalisation.
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Haider, Huma. Area-based Programming in Fragile- and Conflict-affected Contexts. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.011.

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Area-based programming (ABP) is an approach that defines an area as the primary entry point, rather than a sector or target group. It is particularly appropriate in areas with complex, inter-related and multi-sectoral needs (USWG, 2019). Evaluations of ABP suggest that such an approach can be effective in responding to complex conflict characteristics on sub-national levels (UNDP, 2018). Despite growing interest in ABP, evidence is still greater for sectoral or issue-based approaches.The adoption of area-based approaches in cross-border rural areas of the Western Balkans are some of the earliest of such interventions discussed and evaluated. There has in recent years been an increase in discussion and case studies of the application of ABP in urban settings. This rapid literature review looks at area-based approaches in rural and urban settings, focusing on Afghanistan, along with a brief look at examples from Syria, Lebanon, Mauritania, and the Western Balkans. It draws out collective strengths, factors of success, and weaknesses and challenges from these country and regional programmes. It concludes with a list of lessons and recommendations.
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Oviedo, Daniel, Andrea San Gil, Orlando Sabogal-Cardona, and Lynn Scholl. Microtransit in Latin America and the Caribbean: Governance, operations, and regulation for socially inclusive and sustainable urban mobility. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005176.

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This document provides an overview of the current landscape of app-based collective transportation in Latin America and the Caribbean from the perspective of its contributions to social inclusion and environmental sustainability. The research builds on a review of the recent academic literature and a review of available secondary evidence from technical reports and policy documents. The analysis of secondary evidence is expanded upon through primary evidence from a stakeholder survey and semi-structured interviews with a select group of stakeholders in the transportation sector in the region. The manuscript shows the current situation in what remains an emerging industry in Latin America and the Caribbean, spanning from the terminology used by practitioners in different sectors to refer to app-based collective transportation, such as vanpooling, microtransit or micro transport, to the overview of different business approaches and regulatory responses in various contexts. The paper finalizes by presenting an evidence-based reflection of the prospects and expectations from different perspectives about the contribution of technology-enabled collective transportation to social and environmental challenges for transport in the region.
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Taylor, Joe, Evert-jan Quak, James Georgalakis, and Louise Clark. Pathways to Impact in the Pandemic. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/cc.2022.003.

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Implementing and ascertaining impact and outcomes of research is a prolonged process that may take several years due to complexities in bureaucratic, social, and economic systems. At the macro level, collective reflection on the different methods and approaches that research projects use to promote uptake and impact is rare but has potential to encourage learning and exchanges between different funders and projects around impact pathways as useful road maps for research. The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the nature of research – while it has increased the demand for evidence to inform decision-making, it has further disrupted both the policy-influencing and engagement activities that would usually accompany such research. This report is based on an analysis of 90 research projects supported by the Covid Collective, COVID CIRCLE, and Covid Response for Equity (CORE) initiatives. It provides an overview and insight into how different funders and initiatives were working to facilitate change in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. In line with the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) definitions of ‘impact’, and subsequent work by the ESRC-FCDO’s (Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office) Impact Initiative, four categories were used to map the emerging outcomes and different types of change. These outcome areas comprise capacity, networks, conceptual, and instrumental outcomes. Outcome examples were then classified into more detailed descriptive groups highlighted in Table 1.
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Strachan, Anna Louise. The Impact of Covid-19 on Research Methods and Approaches. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/cc.2021.002.

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The Covid-19 pandemic, and measures to contain the spread of the virus, such as border closures, quarantine requirements, mandatory PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests, curfews, and social distancing requirements, have had a significant impact on research methods and approaches. Most of the available literature assumes that remote data collection is the only viable means of collecting primary data during the pandemic, so that is the focus of this report. While there is an extensive discussion of challenges associated with undertaking primary data collection during this time, there are also several commentaries and opinion pieces that highlight the opportunities and positive aspects of remote data collection.
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Pizzini, Nigel, and Helen Gremillion. Counsellor Clients as Insider Experts in a School Community. Unitec ePress, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.82017.

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This paper describes a practice developed at a large secondary school in Auckland whereby students’ experiences of overcoming problems are made available to others in the form of insider brochures. These students are thus able to share their insights and strategies in support of peers who may be experiencing similar problems. Drawing on narrative counseling conversations as well as narrative community work, a school counselor facilitates the process. This paper describes how insider voices contribute to the brochures and provides detail from one case example. In keeping with narrative approaches to problems, the goals are to de-privatise and de-individualise young people’s experiences of difficulties, and to reposition these students from ‘sufferers’ of problems to ‘experts’ on how to overcome them. In the process not only are students’ preferred identities developed but also collective knowledge is created and students are empowered to support one another.
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Howard, Jo, Evert-jan Quak, and Jim Woodhill. A Practical Approach for Supporting Learning in Development Organisations. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.120.

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The Knowledge, Evidence and Learning for Development (K4D) Programme, which started in 2016, comes to an end in September 2022. K4D is a programme funded by and for the UK Government’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (initially with the Department for International Development, DFID, which was merged with the FCO in 2020). To reflect on the processes and approaches of learning that K4D enabled over the years, a special Working Paper series will be published. One important pillar of the programme was to facilitate learning processes through learning journeys. A total of 33 learning journeys took place during K4D. This summary looks back at the K4D concept, the learning journeys, the learning processes it supported, and the outcomes enabled. The paper finds that there is evidence that K4D learning journeys have helped enable sound, informed decision-making through collective understanding of issues and options, and through internal consensus on directions. Effective learning spaces were created and the methods used (including online tools for participation) were able to capture and share internal learning, foster internal connections, present external evidence and bring in other perspectives. However, success in enabling external alliances for decisions and change was more constrained, since most learning journeys engaged only in limited ways with external organisations. Further challenges were encountered when staff were redeployed to respond to political (Brexit) or international development (COVID-19, Ukraine) priorities.
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Erik Lyngdorf, Niels, Selina Thelin Ruggaard, Kathrin Otrel-Cass, and Eamon Costello. The Hacking Innovative Pedagogies (HIP) framework: - Rewilding the digital learning ecology. Aalborg University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau602808725.

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The HIP framework aims to guide higher education (HE) teachers and researchers to reconsider and reflect on how to rethink HE pedagogy in new and different ways. It builds on insights from the report Hacking Innovative Pedagogy: Innovation and Digitisation to Rewild Higher Education. A Commented Atlas (Beskorsa, et al., 2023) and incorporates the spirit of rewilding and hacking pedagogies to inspire new professional communities focused on innovating digital education. The framework considers and guides the development of teachers’ digital pedagogy competences through an inclusive bottom-up approach that gives space for individual teacher’s agency while also ensuring a collective teaching culture. The framework emphasizes how pedagogical approaches can address the different needs that HE teachers and student communities have that reflect disciplines cultures and/or the diversity of learners. Only a framework mindful of heterogeneity will be able to address questions of justice and fair access to education. Likewise, in the spirit of rewilding, the framework should not be considered a static “one size fits all” solution. We aim for an organic and dynamic framework that may be used to pause and reflect to then turn back to one’s own teaching community to consider (learn from, listen to and respond to the teaching and learning of different communities). Therefore we plan that this framework will be a living document throughout the HIP-project’s lifetime.
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Engelbart, Doug. Toward Boosting Our Collective IQ: A Knowledge-Centric Approach. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/psgp03-10-11cc.

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Shapovalova, Daria, Tavis Potts, John Bone, and Keith Bender. Measuring Just Transition : Indicators and scenarios for a Just Transition in Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire. University of Aberdeen, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57064/2164/22364.

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The North East of Scotland is at the forefront of the global energy transition. With the transformation of the UK’s energy sector over coming decades, the lives of communities and workers in the North East will be directly affected as we collectively transition to a Net Zero economy. A Just Transition refers to a fair distribution of the burdens and benefits as society and the economy shifts to a sustainable low-carbon economy. It calls for action on providing decent green jobs, building community wealth, and embedding participation. While it is a well-established concept in the academic literature and in policy there is a notable lack of approaches and data on measuring progress towards a Just Transition. In Scotland, with Just Transition planning underway, there are calls for clarity by the Scottish Parliament, Just Transition Commission, and many stakeholders on how to evaluate progress in a place-based context. The project ‘Just Transition for Workers and Communities in Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire’ brought together an interdisciplinary team from the University of Aberdeen Just Transition Lab to identify and collate the relevant evidence, and engage with a range of local stakeholders to develop regional Just Transition indicators. Previous work on this project produced a Rapid Evidence Assessment on how the oil and gas industry has shaped our region and what efforts and visions have emerged for a Just Transition. Based on the findings and a stakeholder knowledge-exchange event, we have developed a set of proposed indicators, supported by data and/or narrative, for a transition in Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire across four themes: 1) Employment and skills, 2) Equality and wellbeing, 3) Democratic participation, and 4) Community empowerment, revitalisation and Net Zero. Some of the indicators are compiled from national/local data sets, including data on jobs and skills, fuel poverty or greenhouse gas emissions. Other indicators require further data collection and elaboration, but nevertheless represent important aspects of Just Transition in the region. These include workers’ rights protection, community ownership, participation and empowerment. We propose four narrative scenarios as springboards for further dialogue, policy development, investment and participation on Just Transition in Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire. Indicators, as proxies for evaluating progress, can be used as decision support tools, a means of informing policy, and supporting stakeholder dialogue and action as we collectively progress a Just Transition in the North East. There are no shortcuts on a way to a Just Transition. Progress towards achieving it will require a clear articulation of vision and objectives, co-developed with all stakeholders around the table. It will require collaboration, trust, difficult conversations, and compromise as we develop a collective vision for the region. Finally, it will require strong political will, substantive policy and legal reform, public and private investment, and building of social licence as we collectively build a Net Zero future in the North East.
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