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1
Desdiani Desdiani. "Multiple bullae in asthmatic patients." International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 085–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2023.5.2.0053.
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Emphysema bullae are often found in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and if the size of the bulla fulfills > 30% of the hemithorax, it can be called a giant bullae. A giant bullae can be similar to a pneumothorax, requiring a CT scan of the chest to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary procedures. The difference between a bulla and a pneumothorax obtained from imaging results is that if the lung collapses towards the ipsilateral hilum it is called a pneumothorax, while the bulla will appear to surround or wrap around the lung. Asthma is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation and bronchoconstriction. In acute asthma attacks or exacerbations, bronchoconstriction causes severe bilateral lung parenchymal inflation.We present a case of a 32-years-old male with multiple bullae, a complete history of tuberculosis treatment and suffering from asthma since childhood but not controlled. In this case, the likelihood of Multiple bullae in asthmatic patients, needs to be a concern, as well as the importance of evaluation and strict follow-up to reduce shortness of breath and improve the patient's quality of life.
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Read, Andrew, William Parry-Jones, and Angshu Bhowmik. "Percutaneous drainage of a fluid-containing emphysematous bulla." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 5 (May 2021): e240914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-240914.
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We present the case of a 38-year-old man, with congenital bullous emphysema, who presented with unilateral pleuritic chest pain, rigors and a non-productive cough. A chest X-ray on admission demonstrated extensive bilateral bullous lung disease with left-sided lung collapse. There were fluid levels present within several bullae, with the largest bulla compromising most of the posterior aspect of the left lung base. We suspected infected emphysematous bullae. Despite prolonged conservative management with antibiotics the patient deteriorated clinically, consistently spiking temperatures and desaturating. Repeat imaging demonstrated further accumulation of fluid in the largest bulla. A small bore chest drain was inserted into this bulla under ultrasound guidance, draining 550 mL of pulmonary fluid. The patient stabilised clinically and was discharged. He remained well after completing six weeks of intravenous antibiotics in the community.
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Park, Junghyun, Dulee Kim, Jae-Hoo Park, Ji-Yun Lee, and Eun-Jung Cho. "Cardiovascular Collapse after the Induction of Anesthesia Due to the MASS Effect of Unruptured Giant Bullae." Medicina 59, no. 9 (September 20, 2023): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59091689.
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Background and Objectives: Giant bullae rupture easily and cause tension pneumothorax, which can cause problems during general anesthesia. However, the hemodynamic instability that can occur due to the mass effect of an unruptured giant bulla should not be overlooked. Case report: A 43-year-old male patient visited the emergency room with an abdominal wound. There was a giant emphysematous bulla in the left lung. Emergency surgery was decided upon because there was active bleeding according to abdominal CT. After tracheal intubation, the patient’s blood pressure and pulse rate dramatically decreased. His blood pressure did not recover despite the use of vasopressors and discontinuation of positive pressure ventilation applied to the lungs. Thus, a bullectomy was immediately performed. The patient’s blood pressure and pulse rate were normalized after the bullectomy. Conclusions: If emergency surgery under general anesthesia is required in a patient with a giant emphysematous bulla, it is safe to minimize positive pressure ventilation and remove the giant emphysematous bulla as soon as possible before proceeding with the remainder of the surgery. Tension pneumothorax due to the rupturing of a bulla should be considered first. However, hemodynamic changes might occur due to the mass effect caused by a giant bulla.
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Korymasov, E. A., A. S. Benian, Ju V. Bogdanova, K. M. Kolmakova, M. A. Medvedchikov-Ardiia, and D. Yu Konovalova. "Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of pneumothorax and giant bullae." PULMONOLOGIYA 31, no. 4 (July 31, 2021): 499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-4-499-504.
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Spontaneous pneumothorax is the most common acute chest disease. Often, giant bullae give the impression of the presence of air in the pleural cavity. Inadequate differential diagnosis leads to vain drainage of the pleural cavity, damage to the lung with its collapse and pneumothorax.The aim. Analyze diagnostic and tactical mistakes in patients with pulmonary emphysema, which manifests with giant bullae, and outline the ways to prevent complications.Methods. The analysis of the treatment of 1,636 patients with pulmonary emphysema and its complications undergoing treatment in the thoracic surgical department of the Samara Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.D.Seredavin in the period from 2001 to 2018 is presented.Results. Giant bulla were diagnosed in 35 (2.1%) patients, 16 of them were hospitalized ungently. In 6 patients, the diagnosis of a giant bulla of the lung was correct, and the patients were referred to the thoracic surgical department. In 10 patients, a giant bulla of the lung was regarded as pneumothorax, and pleural drainage was performed before referral to the thoracic surgical department.Conclusion. The correct interpretation of the radiological data and comparison with the clinical picture allows avoiding diagnostic errors and the associated danger and complications.
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Du, Hongkai, Jiaxin Yu, Yuandong Wang, Yuhua Zhu, Yuyang Tang, and Haimeng Wang. "Visualized Failure Prediction for the Masonry Great Wall." Buildings 12, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122224.
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The cultural, architectural, and historical heritage value of the Great Wall of China drives the need to maintain, rehabilitate, and restore its structural integrity from artificial and natural damage. In this study, a hybrid architectural visualization and structural collapse simulation of the Ming Great Wall (1368–1644 AD) are conducted in Blender based on the unit blocks and a physics engine (i.e., Bullet Constraint Builder). Visualized failure predictions caused by four damages, i.e., stone layer collapse, step collapse, parapet walls inward tilting, and stone layer bulge, are developed and performed on a strength basis. The main input parameters are brick dimensions, friction coefficient, and adhesive/glue strength, while the primary output includes collapse, and global and local stabilities. Finally, the results show that the combination of unit blocks and a physical engine can visually simulate the occurrence process of the Great Wall’s failures with preliminary engineering outcome, especially those related to collapse, and can also predict the adverse consequences of the precipitating factors.
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Haloi, Prajnananda, Rahul Biswas, and Ananta K. Bora. "Anesthetic management of a case of a lip mass with paraseptal emphysema and multiple bilateral giant bullae for surgical resection under mental nerve block." Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 18, no. 3 (June 4, 2024): 442–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/sja.sja_43_24.
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Anesthesia in patients with emphysematous giant bulla undergoing non-thoracic surgery is challenging and can cause serious complications. We report a successful case of lip mass resection in a 65-year-old male with paraseptal emphysema and giant bullae under regional anesthesia using a mental nerve block. The patient presented with a slow-growing ulcerative mass on his lower lip and had a history of non-compliant COPD management. An excisional biopsy was planned. Preoperative workup revealed extensive lung pathology with giant bullae. General anesthesia with positive pressure ventilation in patients with emphysematous giant bullae can cause compression of lung parenchyma, vena cava kinking, circulatory collapse, and even death. To circumvent such risks, regional anesthesia was preferred and surgery was successfully done under ultrasound-guided bilateral mental nerve block. The procedure was uneventful, with stable hemodynamics throughout.
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Boyd, Jeffrey. "The Quantum World Is Astonishingly Similar to Our World: The Timing of Wave Function Collapse According to The Theory of Elementary Waves." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 14, no. 2 (September 3, 2018): 5598–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v14i2.7555.
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This is one of a series of articles building a map of elementary waves, based on experimental data and quantum mathematics. Previous articles showed that elementary waves carry no energy. Particles follow them backwards. Why? Elementary rays consist of probability amplitudes, which influence particles because that is what probability amplitudes do. Elementary waves are that part of nature corresponding to quantum mathematics. Since these waves are the physical analogs of quantum equations, those equations provide a roadmap to the world of elementary waves: a map written in hieroglyphs. Quantum math is our Rosetta stone. The quantum world is far, far more similar to the world of everyday experience than quantum experts think. Waves are in a superposition. Particles are not. Wave function collapse does not occur when we measure something. It had occurred much earlier, when the object came into existence. This resolves insoluble problems that stumped John von Neumann. The smooth functioning of a Schrödinger equation abruptly collapses into one specific eigenstate when a gun is fired, not when the bullet hits the target. The bullet that caused World War I is an example. That bullet caused an abrupt collapse of the smooth probabilities of commerce and diplomacy.
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Shariff, Masood A., Vijay A. Singh, Edward D. Daniele, Nikhil Goyal, Deliana Peykova, John P. Nabagiez, and Frank M. Rosell. "Spontaneous Collapse of Bilateral Bullae with Conservative Management." Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports 6 (January 2013): CCRep.S11187. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ccrep.s11187.
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We report a case of bilateral apical lung bullae that collapsed following an episode of community-acquired pneumonia with bilateral air fluid levels. With standard treatment for community-acquired pneumonia, management of a patient that may have qualified for bullectomy, (as in our case) showed complete resolution of all pathology without surgical intervention. Conservative management took precedence in alleviating pathology over surgical intervention.
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Jozic, Ivan, Jérémy Chéret, Beatriz Abdo Abujamra, Mariya Miteva, Jennifer Gherardini, and Ralf Paus. "A Cell Membrane-Level Approach to Cicatricial Alopecia Management: Is Caveolin-1 a Viable Therapeutic Target in Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia?" Biomedicines 9, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9050572.
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Irreversible destruction of the hair follicle (HF) in primary cicatricial alopecia and its most common variant, frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), results from apoptosis and pathological epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of epithelial HF stem cells (eHFSCs), in conjunction with the collapse of bulge immune privilege (IP) and interferon-gamma-mediated chronic inflammation. The scaffolding protein caveolin-1 (Cav1) is a key component of specialized cell membrane microdomains (caveolae) that regulates multiple signaling events, and even though Cav1 is most prominently expressed in the bulge area of human scalp HFs, it has not been investigated in any cicatricial alopecia context. Interestingly, in mice, Cav1 is involved in the regulation of (1) key HF IP guardians (TGF-β and α-MSH signaling), (2) IP collapse inducers/markers (IFNγ, substance P and MICA), and (3) EMT. Therefore, we hypothesize that Cav1 may be an unrecognized, important player in the pathobiology of cicatricial alopecias, and particularly, in FFA, which is currently considered as the most common type of primary lymphocytic scarring alopecia in the world. We envision that localized therapeutic inhibition of Cav1 in management of FFA (by cholesterol depleting agents, i.e., cyclodextrins/statins), could inhibit and potentially reverse bulge IP collapse and pathological EMT. Moreover, manipulation of HF Cav1 expression/localization would not only be relevant for management of cicatricial alopecia, but FFA could also serve as a model disease for elucidating the role of Cav1 in other stem cell- and/or IP collapse-related pathologies.
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Večerek, Vladimír, Eva Voslářová, Josef Kameník, Zuzana Machovcová, Lenka Válková, Martina Volfová, and Jarmila Konvalinová. "The effect of slaughtering skills on the welfare of cattle during stunning with a captive bolt." Acta Veterinaria Brno 90, no. 1 (2021): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb202190010109.
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The performance of stunning in various abattoirs can differ. The aim of the study was to compare the stunning of cattle with a captive bolt in two abattoirs. We monitored the slaughtering skills by measuring the deviation of the location of the stunning shot hole on the skull from the ideal point and further by measuring the angle of inclination of the stunning shot on the skull from the ideal perpendicular angle. We observed the impact of different slaughter skills on the quality of stunning of animals based on the occurrence of failure to achieve motor paralysis after a stun shot. The failure to collapse occurred significantly more frequently (P < 0.05) in abattoir A than in abattoir B. In both abattoirs there was a higher (P < 0.05) number of bulls failing to collapse than in females (cows and heifers). However, the effect of slaughter skills on the occurrence of signs associated with insufficient stunning was not found. The signs occurred in abattoir A and abattoir B to the same extent. In bulls, the number of animals with signs was higher (P < 0.05) than in females in both abattoirs. The results show that insufficient proficiency of skills in stunning cattle with a captive bolt leads to a higher number of animals failing to collapse after a stun shot. The effect of slaughter skills on the occurrence of signs in bulls and females was not proven; however, in bulls a higher incidence of signs was demonstrated than in females.
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Ramesh, A. Shriram, and M. Vishnu Sharma. "The Enigma of Collapsed Lung in a Young Female." Pulmon 26, no. 3 (September 2024): 92–94. https://doi.org/10.4103/pulmon.pulmon_32_24.
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Abstract The most common cause for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PTX) is congenital blebs or bullae. All patients with primary spontaneous PTX require high-resolution computed tomography thorax to find the underlying structural lung disease if any, as the cause for PTX. A thorough family history and physical examination are also essential to find the underlying predisposing causes if any. We report a case of primary spontaneous PTX in a young female with localized multiple bullae without any obvious predisposing factors which is unusual.
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Zhou, Feifei, and Xiyin Zhou. "“Across Time and Space, I Am Together with Many, Many Others”: Digital Writing and Temporality on Chinese Social Media." Social Media + Society 8, no. 3 (July 2022): 205630512211175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20563051221117564.
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Current scholarship tends to see temporality as a problem or challenge to be overcome in communication on social media (as in “context collapse” and “time collapse”). Drawing on in-depth interviews of Chinese users of a digital writing function (bullet comments) on a major video-sharing platform, we aim to expand current research and deepen understandings of temporality and digital writing. We offer a broader, more positive conceptualization of time on social media by highlighting an alternative set of time-related practices and experiences, mediated by bullet comments. Following recent studies of individuals’ making and experiencing of time in media-saturated societies, our article investigates Chinese social media users’ diverse time-sensitive practices and multi-dimensional temporal experiences. We outline their creative practices from the bottom up, which make use of the distinct technological design of bullet comments. Four interrelated themes in their temporal experiences are analyzed and the similarities and differences with the Deleuzian concept of “crystal of time” explained. Overall, we demonstrate the semiotic power of digital writing in facilitating new meaning-making practices, producing multi-layered mediated temporalities, and affording multisensory, enriching, bonding experiences. The significance and implications of this study for future studies are discussed, in view of the expansion of bullet comments to Chinese mainstream, commercial platforms.
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Nakanishi, Kozo, Hidenori Goto, Tomokazu Ito, Yasuhito Nagata, Shinichi Hayashi, and Toshihiro Ishihara. "Novel imaging detailing the origins of a pneumothorax." Thorax 73, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209007.
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This is a prospective clinical study aimed at introducing a method to visualise the location of an air leak and to identify the bulla responsible on three-dimensional (3-D) cine CT. In 10 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax, dynamic 320-detector row CT was performed with injection of 0.9% saline into the affected pleural cavity via a preplaced chest tube. In eight cases, 3-D cine CT thoracography revealed the location of the air leak and the bulla responsible (7 cases: air stream sign; 1 case: repeated collapse and expansion of a bulla with the patient's breathing).
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Chatterjee, Surajit, Rajatsubhra Saha, and Ritam Chakraborty. "A Giant Bulla of the Lung Mimicking Hydro-pneumothorax with Contra Lateral Mediastenal Shifting." Journal of Medicine 15, no. 1 (August 6, 2014): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v15i1.19871.
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Herein, we report a case of giant bulla of the left lung in a 35 years old woman mimicking tension puemothorax.Based on initial clinico-radiological parameters, she was treated with intercostal tube drain and as her condition did not improve after chest tube insertion, she was referred to our centre. Computed tomography of thorax was done and it was reported to be a large hydropeumothorax causing compression collapse of left lung .We decided to plan for thoracotomy and it was revealed a large bulla arising from left lower lobe which was resected with significant radiological recovery. Giant bulla should be included in the differential diagnosis of pneumothorax.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v15i1.19871 J Medicine 2014; 15: 48-50
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Duong, L., M. Asplund, D. M. Nataf, K. C. Freeman, and M. Ness. "HERBS II: Detailed chemical compositions of Galactic bulge stars." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 486, no. 4 (May 2, 2019): 5349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1183.
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ABSTRACT This work explores the detailed chemistry of the Milky Way bulge using the HERMES spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. Here, we present the abundance ratios of 13 elements for 832 red giant branch and clump stars along the minor bulge axis at latitudes b = −10○, − 7.5○, and −5○. Our results show that none of the abundance ratios vary significantly with latitude. We also observe disc-like [Na/Fe] abundance ratios, which indicate that the bulge does not contain helium-enhanced populations as observed in some globular clusters. Helium enhancement is therefore not the likely explanation for the double red-clump observed in the bulge. We confirm that bulge stars mostly follow abundance trends observed in the disc. However, this similarity is not confirmed across all elements and metallicity regimes. The more metal-poor bulge population at [Fe/H] ≲ − 0.8 is enhanced in the elements associated with core collapse supernovae (SNeII). In addition, the [La/Eu] abundance ratio suggests higher r-process contribution, and likely higher star formation in the bulge compared to the disc. This highlights the complex evolution in the bulge, which should be investigated further, both in terms of modelling; and with additional observations of the inner Galaxy.
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He, Hantao, Junxing Zheng, Quan Sun, and Zhaochao Li. "Simulation of Realistic Particles with Bullet Physics Engine." E3S Web of Conferences 92 (2019): 14004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199214004.
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The traditional discrete element method (DEM) uses clumps to approximate realistic particles, which is computationally demanding when simulating many particles. In this paper, the Bullet physics engine is applied as an alternative to simulate realistic particles. Bullet was originally developed for computer games to simulate physical and mechanical processes that occur in the real world to produce realistic game experiences. Physics engines integrate a variety of techniques to simulate complex physical processes in games, such as rigid bodies (e.g., rocks, and soil particles), soft bodies (e.g., clothes), and their interactions. Therefore, physics engines have the capabilities to simulate realistic particles. This paper integrates three-dimensional laser scanner and Bullet to form a realistic particle simulation framework. The soil specimen collapse process is simulated to demonstrate the capability of the proposed framework to simulate realistic particles.
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Nuritdinov, S. N., E. R. Gaynullia, and K. T. Mirtodjieva. "1.17. Bulge and bar: a possible way of their formation." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 184 (1998): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900083960.
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Some observational data indicate that galaxy subsystems, including their central areas, first of all are the result of their global nonstationary evolution. That is why we earlier built (Nuritdinov 1992) the exact non-linearly pulsing rotating models of disklike and spherical self-gravitating systems. Unlike other authors we want to research the stability problem of nonlinear nonstationary models. In the present report we want to give only those results of the instability studied, which have a direct attitude to the subject under discussion. We put a certain question: what initial conditions have to exist, for instance, for the value of the virial parameter (2T/|U|)0 and the parameter of anisotropy < Tr > / < T⊥ >, that the collapse of a disk should result in a bar, and the spherical collapse will result in a thick ellipsoidal bulge. To answer the question it is very important to study stability of the solvable nonlinear unequilibrium models. All models discussed below pulsate under the law R = II(ψ)R0, where (Nuritdinov 1985)
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Garcia, Matthew D., Kim Chapman, Kevin Heaton, Josh Dallin, Kerry Rood, Eric Thacker, Jacob Hadfield, and Ryan Larsen. "50 Using GPS and Genomic Technology to Provide a More Accurate Estimate of Bull Power in Western Intermountain Beef Systems." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.048.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to utilize GPS technology and genomic parentage testing to provide a more accurate measurement of bull power in the intermountain west beef production system. Breeding seasons are typically conducted on large, remote pastures, leading to current estimates of bull:cow ratios (1:20 or 1:25) possibly being inaccurate. With advances in genetic testing, parentage of calves can be obtained allowing producers to review which calves were sired from specific bulls, or how many cows each bull serviced (bull power). Our study fit 5 bulls from the same herd with GPS collars and collected hair samples for future DNA extraction prior to the 2018 breeding season. Bull movement was tracked over a 90-day breeding season on a large grazing allotment on the southern Utah and northern Arizona border. The GPS collars collected measurements of total distance traveled per day and distance traveled away from water, along with geocoordinates. Upon completion of the breeding season, collars were removed and data retrieved. At calving, biological material was collected and parentage testing of 104 calves was conducted and parentage determined. Results of parentage testing revealed that actually 6 bulls sired calves during the 2018 breeding season. The ranch’s bulls sired 72 (69%) calves (30, 16, 14, 10 and 2 calves, respectively). Thirty-two (31%) calves were sired by bulls from herds that grazed nearby. Interesting to note is the producer was unaware of any non-herd bulls co-mingling with this herd. While results from the current study are very preliminary, they do validate the importance of verifying bull power and sire identification to critically evaluate sire performance and increase the accuracy of selection in breeding replacements. The information presented herein may prove useful as a future selection tool to identify bulls that are high performing during breeding season in the intermountain west.
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Garcia, Matthew D., Kim Chapman, Kevin Heaton, Eric Thacker, Lee Rickords, Josh Dallin, Kerry Rood, Jacob Hadfield, and Ryan Larsen. "PSVII-22 Using GPS and genomic technologies to provide a more accurate estimate of bull power in western intermountain beef systems." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.545.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to utilize GPS technology and genomic parentage testing to provide a more accurate measurement of bull power in Intermountain West beef production systems. Breeding seasons in the Intermountain West are typically conducted on expansive pastures, leading to current bull:cow ratios (1:20 or 1:25) possibly being inaccurate. Traditionally, producers maintain enough bulls to satisfy established bull cow ratios, but there was not further investigation into which calves were sired from specific bulls or how many cows each bull was actually servicing. Thus, the current study fitted five bulls with GPS collars and collected hair samples for future DNA extraction prior to the 2018 breeding season. Bull movement was tracked over a 90-day breeding season on a large grazing allotment in southern Utah and northern Arizona. The GPS collars allowed for tracking total distance traveled per day, and distance traveled away from water. Upon completion of the breeding season, collars were removed and data downloaded. A total of 104 potential offspring of the collared bulls were branded, and had ear notches collected for DNA extraction and parentage analyses. Results of parentage testing revealed that actually six bulls sired calves during the 2018 breeding season. The cooperating ranch’s bulls sired 30, 16, 14, 10 and 2 calves respectively. However, a neighboring operation’s bull sired 32 calves in the cooperator’s herd during that same season. While results from the current study are very preliminary, they do validate the importance of verifying bull power and sire identification in order to critically evaluate sire performance and increase the accuracy of selection in breeding replacements. The information presented herein may prove useful as a future selection tool to identify bulls that are high performers during the breeding season in the Intermountain West.
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Arimoto, N. "Stellar population synthesis: Application To Galactic Bulges." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 153 (1993): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900123162.
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The stellar populations give traces of the formation history of the bulges. The metallicity distribution of K-giants in the Galactic bulge resembles to that of the giant ellipticals. There seems to be no conspicuous colour-magnitude relation intrinsic to the bulges. This can be explained if the bulges formed by the dissipative collapse of central regions of proto-galaxies followed by the supernova-driven bulge wind which was induced later than the dwarf ellipticals of the similar mass (the biased wind). Unfortunately, the observational data available at present of stellar populations of the bulges are not yet sufficient to get a firm conclusion on the origin of the bulges.
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Cortese, Martina, Marta Brščić, Nicola Ughelini, Igino Andrighetto, Barbara Contiero, and Giorgio Marchesini. "Effectiveness of Stocking Density Reduction on Mitigating Lameness in a Charolais Finishing Beef Cattle Farm." Animals 10, no. 7 (July 7, 2020): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10071147.
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This study aimed at assessing whether a reduction in stocking density (SKD) would mitigate lameness and positively affect the performance and health of Charolais bulls in an Italian commercial farm. Bulls were distributed in groups of 10 or 8 animals/pen for high (HD) or low density (LD) corresponding to an individual space of 3.5 or 4.7 m2, respectively. Bulls were fitted with collars that measured rumination time and activity. Three 8-h observational sessions were conducted to record behaviors. Data about health conditions were collected daily. No differences were found in the animals’ performance. However, performance results might have been impaired by the culling rate experienced during the trial, which prevented from keeping a consistent SKD. Behaviors did not differ between groups, except for rumination time, which was higher for LD bulls during the third observation (p < 0.05). However, rumination time, recorded by collars, did not vary among treatments. There were no differences in the percentage of sick or lame bulls, but the percentage of animals treated repeatedly due to relapse was higher for the HD group (p < 0.05). It was concluded that a larger space allowance could improve the health of bulls kept on fully slatted floors.
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Isern, J., R. Canal, D. García, M. Hernanz, and J. Labay. "Gravitational Collapse of Mass-Accreting White Dwarfs." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 114 (1989): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100099346.
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Massive star (M ≥ 10 M ) core collapse is the standard mechanism for neutron star formation (see Brown 1988 for a recent review). It has long been realized (see, for instance, van den Heuvel 1988, and references therein) that the neutron stars found in different types of binary systems cannot come from such a standard mechanism. Those systems include wide binary radio pulsars, millisecond pulsars (not in wide binaries), galactic bulge X–ray sources (including QPO’s), type I X–ray burst sources and X–ray transients, andγ–ray sources. Formation of those neutron stars is now widely attributed to the gravitational collapse of a white dwarf, growing above Chandrasekhar’s limit by mass accretion from the current neutron star’s companion in the binary system (Canal and Schatzman 1976; Canal and Isern 1979; Canal, Isern, and Labay 1980; Miyaji et al. 1980). Mass growth up to dynamical instability means that both explosive ejection of the accreted layers and explosive disruption of the whole star must be avoided. The former is associated with the nova phenomenon. The latter, with the occurrence of type I supernovae.
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Tyson, Neil D., and R. Michael Rich. "A study of the abundance distributions along the minor axis of the Galactic Bulge." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 153 (1993): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900123484.
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We derive the heavy element abundances for hundreds of K-giants in seven windows of low extinction, along or near the minor axis of the Galactic bulge. By using the recently-calibrated Washington photometric filter system, the distribution function in [Fe/H] is determined for each field. Within 8° of the Galactic center (∼ 1 kpc) our data are consistent with no gradient in the distribution of [Fe/H], which may hint to a dissipationless collapse, and/or sufficient mixing during the star-forming epoch when Fe was produced in the bulge. The mean abundance over this region is between two and five times solar. The form of these distributions is well-fitted by the simple (closed box) model of chemical evolution where the bulge is self-enriched by processing its original gas content to completion. Beyond 8° from the Galactic center, our data show that the mean of the abundance distributions drops precipitously. This is consistent with the notion that the inner bulge is chemically distinct from the halo.
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Tsujimoto, T., T. Shigeyama, and K. Nomoto. "The Chemodynamical Evolution of Spheroidal Systems and the Resultant Stellar Abundance Distribution Function." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 169 (1996): 425–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900230039.
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We construct a chemo-dynamical model for galaxy formation using a three dimensional SPH method. We simulate the formation of two spheroidal systems, i.e., the elliptical galaxy and the Galactic bulge, based on the collapse scenario for protogalaxies. We obtain the chemodynamical formation and evolution models for the two systems during the first ∼ 1 Gyr. The relative ratio of kinetic to thermal energy of supernovae is found to heavily determine the outcome. By giving the explosion energy of supernovae to the interstellar gas with a physically meaningful relative ratio of kinetic to thermal energy, the elliptical galaxy model has the hot halo and the galactic wind, but it is not the case for the Galactic bulge model.
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Zoccali, M. "The Stellar Population of the Galactic Bulge." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S265 (August 2009): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310000736.
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AbstractThe Galactic bulge is the central spheroid of our Galaxy, containing about one quarter of the total stellar mass of the Milky Way (Mbulge = 1.8 × 1010M⊙; Sofue, Honma & Omodaka 2009). Being older than the disk, it is the first massive component of the Galaxy to have collapsed into stars. Understanding its structure, and the properties of its stellar population, is therefore of great relevance for galaxy formation models. I will review our current knowledge of the bulge properties, with special emphasis on chemical abundances, recently measured for several hundred stars.
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Lee, Myung Gyoon, Soung Chul Yang, Jeong Hoon Yang, and Doug Geisler. "1.11. A photometric study of two galactic bulge globular clusters." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 184 (1998): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090008390x.
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We present a comparative study of two metal-rich globular clusters in the Galactic bulge, NGC 6316 and NGC 6624, based on Washington CCD photometry. These two clusters are very close to the Galactic center. NGC 6624 is known to be dynamically in a post-core-collapse stage, while NGC 6316 is not. CMT1T2 CCD images of these clusters were obtained at the CTIO 0.9m telescope. We adopt the reddening values of E(B – V) = 0.61 for NGC 6316 and E(B – V) = 0.26 for NGC 6624 in this study.
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Driver, Simon P., Jochen Liske, and Alister W. Graham. "The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue: Galaxy Bimodality." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S235 (August 2006): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921306004960.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractGalaxy bimodality is caused by the bulge-disc nature of galaxies as opposed to two distinct galaxy classes. This is evident in the colour-structure plane which clearly shows that elliptical galaxies (bulge-only) lie in the red compact peak and late-type spiral galaxies (disc-dominated) lie in the blue diffuse peak. Early-type spirals (bulge plus disc systems) sprawl across both peaks. However after bulge-disc decomposition the bulges of early-type spirals lie exclusively in the red compact peak and their discs in the blue diffuse peak (exceptions exist but are rare, e.g., dust reddened edge-on discs and blue pseudo-bulges). Movement between these two peaks is not trivial because whilst switching off star-formation can transform colours from blue to red, modifying the orbits of ~1 billion stars from a planar diffuse structure to a triaxial compact structure is problematic (essentially requiring an equal mass merger). We propose that the most plausible explanation for the dual structure of galaxies is that galaxy formation proceeds in two stages. First an initial collapse phase (forming a centrally concentrated core and black hole), followed by splashback, infall and accretion (forming a planar rotating disc). Dwarf systems coule perhaps follow the same scenario but the lack of low luminosity bulge-disc systems would imply that the two components must rapidly blend to form a single flattened spheroidal system.
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Zhang, Lijie, Hongbin He, Shangpu Zhang, Yanling Xiong, Rui Pan, and Wenlong Yang. "Highly Sensitive Optical Fiber MZI Sensor for Specific Detection of Trace Pb2+ Ion Concentration." Photonics 11, no. 7 (July 2, 2024): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11070631.
Full textAbstract:
A novel chitosan (CS) functionalized optical fiber sensor with a bullet-shaped hollow cavity was proposed in this work for the trace concentration of Pb2+ ion detection in the water environment. The sensor is an optical fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), which consists of a sequentially spliced bullet-shaped hollow-core fiber (HCF), thin-core fiber, and another piece of spliced bullet-shaped HCF. The hollow-core fiber is caused to collapse by adjusting the amount of discharge to form a tapered hollow cavity with asymmetric end faces. The bullet-like hollow cavities act as beam expanders and couplers for optical fiber sensors, which were symmetrically spliced at both ends of a section of thin core fiber. The simulation and experiments show that the bullet-like hollow-core tapered cavity excites more cladding modes and is more sensitive to variation in the external environment than the planar and spherical cavities. The ion-imprinted chitosan (IIP-CS) film was fabricated with Pb2+ ion as a template and uniformly coated on the surface for specific recognition of Pb2+. Experimental verification confirms that the developed sensor can achieve high-sensitivity Pb2+ ion detection, with a sensitivity of up to −12.68 pm/ppm and a minimum Pb2+ ion detection concentration of 5.44 ppb Meanwhile, the sensor shows excellent selectivity, repeatability, and stability in the ion detection process, which has huge potential in the direction of heavy metal ion detection in the future.
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Plotnikova, Anastasiia, Giovanni Carraro, Sandro Villanova, and Sergio Ortolani. "Very Metal-poor Stars in the Solar Vicinity: Kinematics and Abundance Analysis." Astrophysical Journal 949, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc458.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Very metal-poor stars contain crucial information on the Milky Way’s infancy. In our previous study we derived a mean age of ∼13.7 Gyr for a sample of these stars in the Sun’s vicinity. In this work, we investigate the chemical and kinematic properties of these stars with the goal of obtaining some insights into their origin and their parent population. We did not find any Al–Mg anticorrelation, which leads us to the conclusion that these stars did not form in globular clusters, while the detailed analysis of their orbital parameters reveals that these stars are most probably associated with the pristine bulge of the Milky Way. We then sketch a scenario for the formation of the Milky Way in which the first structure to form was the bulge through rapid collapse. The other components have grown later on, with a significant contribution of accreted structures.
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Ripoll, G., A. Noya, I. Casasús, and A. Sanz. "Preliminary study of the effects of an anti-gonadotropin-releasing factor vaccine at two initial liveweights on the carcass traits and meat quality of bulls." Animal Production Science 59, no. 8 (2019): 1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18324.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of the Improvac® anti-gonadotropin-releasing factor vaccine developed for pigs on the carcass quality and shelf life of meat from Serrana de Teruel bulls at two liveweights at the start of immunisation. The anti-gonadotropin-releasing factor vaccine stopped testosterone production regardless of the liveweight. The carcasses of immunised bulls were less heavy and had poorer conformation than those of entire bulls, although the dressing percentages were similar. Immunisation had no influence on the degree of carcass fatness or intramuscular fat content. Immunisation decreased metmyoglobin formation during storage, especially in light bulls. Immunisation reduces the total meat collage, improving tenderness and reducing the ageing time. Minimum toughness was reached 2 weeks earlier than in entire bulls. Quick tenderisation was achieved regardless of the liveweight at immunisation; therefore, the technique studied here could be effective for producing tender meat and avoiding long periods of maturation. In conclusion, immunisation at any of the initial liveweights trialed may be detrimental to animal performance. However, it was effective in delaying metmyoglobin formation and produced more tender meat than that of entire bulls from the first day, thus reducing the ageing time.
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Sales-Silva, J. V., K. Cunha, V. V. Smith, S. Daflon, D. Souto, R. Guerço, A. Queiroz, et al. "A Perspective on the Milky Way Bulge Bar as Seen from the Neutron-capture Elements Cerium and Neodymium with APOGEE." Astrophysical Journal 965, no. 2 (April 1, 2024): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad28c2.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study probes the chemical abundances of the neutron-capture elements cerium and neodymium in the inner Milky Way from an analysis of a sample of ∼2000 stars in the Galactic bulge bar spatially contained within ∣X Gal∣ < 5 kpc, ∣Y Gal∣ < 3.5 kpc, and ∣Z Gal∣ < 1 kpc, and spanning metallicities between −2.0 ≲ [Fe/H] ≲ +0.5. We classify the sample stars into low- or high-[Mg/Fe] populations and find that, in general, values of [Ce/Fe] and [Nd/Fe] increase as the metallicity decreases for the low- and high-[Mg/Fe] populations. Ce abundances show a more complex variation across the metallicity range of our bulge-bar sample when compared to Nd, with the r-process dominating the production of neutron-capture elements in the high-[Mg/Fe] population ([Ce/Nd] < 0.0). We find a spatial chemical dependence of Ce and Nd abundances for our sample of bulge-bar stars, with low- and high-[Mg/Fe] populations displaying a distinct abundance distribution. In the region close to the center of the MW, the low-[Mg/Fe] population is dominated by stars with low [Ce/Fe], [Ce/Mg], [Nd/Mg], [Nd/Fe], and [Ce/Nd] ratios. The low [Ce/Nd] ratio indicates a significant contribution in this central region from r-process yields for the low-[Mg/Fe] population. The chemical pattern of the most metal-poor stars in our sample suggests an early chemical enrichment of the bulge dominated by yields from core-collapse supernovae and r-process astrophysical sites, such as magnetorotational supernovae.
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D., Venu, and Vijendra R. "Furosemide induced bullous pemphigoid: a case report." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 6 (May 23, 2019): 1444. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192218.
Full textAbstract:
Bullous pemphigoid is an acquired autoimmune disease characterized by subepidermal vesicles and bullae. The etiology is mostly idiopathic with the highest occurrence in elderly patients. However, it is now well-accepted that bp has been triggered by or associated with drug therapy. Over 50 agents have been implicated as a cause of Drug-induced bullous pemphigoid, including diuretics, ace inhibitors, and antibiotics. We present a case of Bullous pemphigoid in a 75 year old male probably induced by furosemide. A 75 year old male was admitted to the dermatology department of KIMS hospital, Bengaluru. Presented with multiple tense bullae and vesicles over both upper limbs, forearm and few collapsed bullae and vesicles over the extensor aspect of forearm. Patient had a past history of myocardial infarction and undergone coronary artery bypass grafting for the same and treated with multiple medications. Among the treatment given injection furosemide was the one of the drug, after which he developed lesions and also presented with fluid filled bullae. A diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid was made based on clinical history and was treated with prednisolone, halobetasol and antibiotics. The lesions improved significantly with the above management and patient recovered enough to be discharged from the hospital after 5 days. Severe and serious reactions such as bullous pemphigoid can be caused by used drugs like furosemide.
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Friswold, Brooke, Brett Mitchell, George Gale, and Antoinette Van de Water. "Twisting collars on male elephants in shrub terrain: animal welfare considerations for researchers, managers and manufacturers." Pachyderm 64 (November 21, 2023): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.69649/pachyderm.v64i.534.
Full textAbstract:
For the purposes of testing the impacts of habitat expansion on elephant movement, six XL LoRa elephant radio collars were fixed on three adult male elephants and three adult female elephants prior to a fence being removed at Kariega Game Reserve, South Africa. While none of the collars on female elephants twisted, within five months, all the male elephant collars had twisted, with some triple and double twisting. Behavioural monitoring revealed indications of irritation that resulted in the removal and/or replacement of all twisted collars. It was discovered that two of the male elephants had developed wounds underneath their twisted collars, therefore, only one elephant was re-collared, with a collar that was modified to minimize further risk of twisting, however it twisted again. To investigate this rare incidence of elevated collar twisting, our study assessed the following: elephant behaviour to guide decision-making around interventions and well-being; when, where and how these incidents occurred to investigate the mechanism of twisting and the likelihood of human error; collar design and refurbishment to develop recommendations to minimize the likelihood of twisting; and data obtained from organizations using elephant collars for comparison. From this, it was theorized that browsing behaviour in bulls in dense vegetation, and inadequate collar design were the likely causes in twisting occurrence. We urge organizations using LoRa elephant collars to emphasize post-application monitoring, and exercise caution, when attaching on bulls in dense vegetation. We encourage collar manufacturers to thoroughly investigate twisting incidents and adjust collar structures accordingly, and inform clients about the possibility of twisting. By addressing these issues, we can better ensure the well-being of elephants, research success, and improved device safety and efficacy.
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Amaniti, Ekaterini, Chrysoula Provitsaki, Panagiota Papakonstantinou, George Tagarakis, Konstantinos Sapalidis, Ioannis Dalakakis, Dimitrios Gkinas, and Vasilios Grosomanidis. "Unexpected Tension Pneumothorax-Hemothorax during Induction of General Anaesthesia." Case Reports in Anesthesiology 2019 (February 24, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5017082.
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Tension pneumothorax during general anaesthesia is a rare but possibly deleterious event, especially where predisposing factors are absent or unknown, making diagnosis even challenging. We describe a case of a healthy middle-aged woman, who was planned to receive general anaesthesia for total thyroidectomy. After intubation, the patient experienced marked hypoxemia (SpO2=75%), hypotension, and tachycardia. Manual positive pressure ventilation seemed to worsen hypoxemia and tachycardia, while apnoeic oxygenation through circle system with valve open slightly improved cardiorespiratory collapse. The effect of positive ventilation, along with the absence of breath sounds in the right hemithorax and cardiorespiratory collapse, established the diagnosis of tension pneumothorax, managed immediately with emergency thoracentesis and placement of a thoracostomy tube. The patient was improved and pneumothorax was confirmed with chest X-ray and CT. The latter also confirmed the presence of bilateral multiple bullae. The operation was postponed and the patient was extubated a few hours later, in good condition. After thorough evaluation for any systemic disease, which was negative, the patient underwent two-stage thoracotomy for bullectomy.
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Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton, Adriana Stigger, Letícia Fiss, Ana Carolina Coelho, Bianca Santos, Sergio Vargas Junior, and Ana Lucia Schild. "Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a rabid bull." Ciência Rural 45, no. 1 (January 2015): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20140672.
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This report describes pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a bull with paralytic rabies. The bull displayed severe swelling in the head, neck, chest and forelimbs extending to the ventrum, including the prepuce, 7 days after the development of neurological signs. At necropsy, extensive subcutaneous emphysema was observed in the neck region, abdominal wall and proximal forelimbs. The lungs failed to collapse and had severe emphysema with bullae. Rabies was suspected due to an ongoing outbreak at the farm and was confirmed by histologic lesions and immunohistochemistry. Similar to humans, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema should be considered as an unusual complication of rabies in cattle.
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Lin, Xianju, Hongzhu Wang, Yong Yang, and Haifei Xiang. "Anesthetic management for resection of a giant emphysematous bulla: a case report." Journal of International Medical Research 49, no. 4 (April 2021): 030006052110019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605211001989.
Full textAbstract:
Anesthetic management for patients with a giant emphysematous bulla (GEB) is challenging. This case report describes a patient who developed 95% pulmonary compression by a GEB. A 14-Ga indwelling catheter was placed in the GEB before surgery to allow for slow re-expansion of the collapsed lung tissue. This prevented rupture of the GEB during anesthesia. Additionally, positive-pressure ventilation was performed to reduce the risk of re-expansion pulmonary edema. This respiratory management strategy may be beneficial for patients with a GEB who develop pulmonary dysfunction during thoracic surgery.
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MIZUTA, AKIRA, and SHIGEHIRO NAGATAKI. "PHOTOSPHERIC THERMAL RADIATION FROM GRB COLLAPSAR JETS." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 08 (January 2012): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512004631.
Full textAbstract:
We have performed 2D relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of jets from a collapsar. The light curves and spectrum of the photospheric thermal radiation from ultrarelativistic gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets are calculated by the post process. At the head the jet has a dissipated region in which internal shocks can be seen and a freely expanding region follows. The freely expanding region shows a bullet like shape. The light curves continue about 100 s which corresponds to the jet injection duration. The light curves for θv ≤ 2° show quick rise and time variability for the first phase and low and steady luminosity phase follows. The light curves for θv ≥ 3° show slow rise and low luminosity. The spectrum below the peak energy is a power law and the index is 1 ~ 2.6 which is softer than that of single temperature plank distribution Some of them are close to the observed one, i.e., Band function.
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Khlebnikova, O. A., and Ya E. Terekhina. "New objects in section of the eastern Black Sea basin from 3D seismic data." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, no. 3 (June 28, 2020): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2020-3-138-143.
Full textAbstract:
In the section of the eastern Black Sea basin and the Caucasus continental slope, according to 3D seismic data, unique objects were first discovered and described — vertical failure in the Upper Cretaceous — Lower Miocene deposits. An interesting feature of these structures is a close to isometric shape in plan. About 40 objects have been identified on an area of more than 1000 m2. «Bulls-eye» («multiphase») paleo-pockmarks [Andresen, Huuse, 2011], as well as karst collapse [Zuo et al., 2009] are proposed as world analogues with a similar wave pattern on seismic data. The corresponding genesis models are considered, but none of the theories allows drawing a conclusion. The discovered objects are unique and require further investigation.
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MacArthur, Lauren A., J. Jesús González, Stéphane Courteau, and Michael McDonald. "Stellar Populations and Kinematics in Spiral Galaxies." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S262 (August 2009): 172–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310002735.
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AbstractWe present a detailed study of the stellar populations (SPs) and kinematics of the bulge and inner disk regions of nearby spiral galaxies (Sa-Sd) based on deep long-slit Gemini/GMOS data. We find that the SPs of spiral galaxies are not well matched by single episodes of star formation; representative SPs must involve average SP values integrated over the star formation history (SFH) of the galaxy, such as those derived from the “full population synthesis” method used here. Our spiral bulges follow the same correlations of increasing light-weighted age and metallicity with central velocity dispersion as those of elliptical galaxies and early-type bulges found in other studies, but when SFHs more complex and realistic than a single burst are invoked, the trend with age is shallower and its scatter much reduced. In a mass-weighted context, all bulges are predominantly composed of old and metal-rich SPs. Bulge formation appears to be dominated by early processes that are common to all spheroids, whether they currently reside in disks or not. While monolithic collapse cannot be ruled out in some cases, merging must be invoked to explain the SP gradients in most bulges. Further bulge growth via secular processes, or “rejuvenated” star formation, generally contributes minimally to the stellar mass budget. We also demonstrate how the combination of our full population synthesis modeling of high-quality optical spectra of integrated SPs along with optical-NIR broad-band imaging can single out potential model weaknesses and help determine the reliability of the inferred SFHs.
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Nurrasyidah, Ira, Vincentius Adrian Madargerong, and Desi Rahmawaty. "Late-Onset Pneumothorax and Bullous Disease in Post-COVID-19 Pneumonia with Severe ARDS." Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia 43, no. 2 (April 16, 2023): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36497/jri.v43i2.354.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia may develop bullae that can rupture into spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) during the diagnosis and treatment, which can be a predictor of a poor prognosis. However, late-onset bullous disease and SP after recovering from COVID-19 are unusual.Case: A 48-year-old male presented with sudden shortness of breath accompanied by chest pain. Three weeks earlier, the patient had finished treatment in the COVID-19 isolation room for 20 days with a diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia with severe ARDS. Physical examination demonstrates tachypnea, desaturation, decreased vesicular breath sounds, and hyperresonance percussion on the right hemithorax; without rhonchi or wheezing. Chest X-ray and CT scan showed a right pneumothorax with infected subpleural giant bullae in right perihilar, right lung collapse, minimal right-to-left lung herniation and post-covid pulmonary fibrosis. Culture and sensitivity examination of the pleural fluid showed the growth of Providencia stuartile. A chest tube was placed for the management of the pneumothorax. Subsequently, according to the results of culture and antibiotic sensitivity test, the patient was treated using piperacilin/tazobactam and amikacin. The patient showed clinical and radiological improvement following 41 days of treatment and could be managed as an outpatient.Conclusion: Our patient had infected giant bullae and pneumothorax post COVID-19 pneumonia and severe ARDS. The patient did not undergo a bullectomy in consideration of the post-COVID-19 condition and was managed conservatively using adequate chest tube and antibiotics. Patient responded well to therapy, showed clinical improvement and could be discharged.
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Camargo, Vinicius A., Edmond A. Pajor, and Jennifer M. Pearson. "326 Relationship between activity and social interactions of beef bulls during the pre-breeding period and siring capacity in multi-sire breeding groups." Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_3 (September 1, 2024): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.011.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract It is currently unknown whether the behavior of bulls during pre-breeding is related to their siring capacity. This information could help producers anticipate the reproductive potential of their bulls and include it in their decision-making. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the activity and characteristics of social interaction of beef bulls expressed in drylot pens during the pre-breeding period and their siring capacity. Collars with 3-axis accelerometers and proximity sensors were placed on bulls for 12 d prior to breeding season in 2020 (n = 11 bulls) and in 2021 (n = 10 bulls). Bulls were satisfactory at the breeding soundness evaluation, and ages ranged from 1.5 to 5.4 yr. Afterward, bulls were exposed to cows in multi-sire groups at a 1:30 ratio for 2 mo, however, some bulls were removed early due to injuries (range = 15 to 62 d). DNA samples were collected from bulls and calves to calculate the number of calves sired per bull (SRC), adjusted to days exposed to cows. Daily proportion of time active (AC) was measured through a machine learning algorithm created in Python for beef bulls to differentiate activity vs. non-activity from accelerometer data every 20 sec (Precision = 95%). Daily non-directional social networks were created from proximity perceived by the sensors (Precision = 91%, <3m) in Python, where nodes represented bulls and a connection represented one second in proximity. Eigencentrality (how well connected a bull is to others, EC) and strength (proportion of connections among overall connections, ST) were calculated for each bull daily, where greater EC and ST values indicated more interactions. The statistical analyses were performed in RStudio. Negative binomial mixed effect models were fitted to AC (mean ± S.E., 26.05 ± 0.31 %), EC (26.50 ± 0.89), and ST (8.90 ± 0.21 %) as repeated measures, age (3.3 ± 0.3 yr), days exposed to cows (54 ± 3.1 d), and year as covariates, identification of bull as a random effect, and SRC as the outcome variable (21 ± 2, 2 to 45 calves). Estimates were transformed into percentage change. Days exposed to cows, year, and interactions were not significant (P > 0.05). Separate models with EC or ST (model-EC and model-ST) were built due to collinearity (r = 0.89, P < 0.001). In model-EC (marginal-R2 = 0.26, conditional-R2 = 0.70) bulls with increased AC (estimate = 2.16±0.67, P = 0.001), increased EC (0.56±0.24, P = 0.019), and younger (-20.75 ± 5.51, P < 0.001) had greater SRC. In model-ST (marginal-R2 = 0.25, conditional-R2 = 0.72) bulls with increased AC (2.29 ± 0.65, P < 0.001), increased ST (3.57 ± 0.98, P < 0.001), and younger (-19.90 ± 5.49, P < 0.001) had greater SRC. These preliminary results suggest that activity and social interactions during pre-breeding of beef bulls are related to SRC when accounted for age. Therefore, the behavior of beef bulls during the pre-breeding period might have the potential to predict their SRC, and future studies could investigate using this information to select bulls and form breeding groups aiming at optimization of the use of the bulls.
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Anzai, Alessandra, Eddy Hsi Chun Wang, Eunice Y. Lee, Valeria Aoki, and Angela M. Christiano. "Pathomechanisms of immune-mediated alopecia." International Immunology 31, no. 7 (May 3, 2019): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxz039.
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Abstract The hair follicle (HF) is a complex mini-organ that constantly undergoes dynamic cycles of growth and regression throughout life. While proper progression of the hair cycle requires homeostatic interplay between the HF and its immune microenvironment, specific parts of the HF, such as the bulge throughout the hair cycle and the bulb in the anagen phase, maintain relative immune privilege (IP). When this IP collapses, inflammatory infiltrates that aggregate around the bulge and bulb launch an immune attack on the HF, resulting in hair loss or alopecia. Alopecia areata (AA) and primary cicatricial alopecia (PCA) are two common forms of immune-mediated alopecias, and recent advancements in understanding their disease mechanisms have accelerated the discovery of novel treatments for immune-mediated alopecias, specifically AA. In this review, we highlight the pathomechanisms involved in both AA and CA in hopes that a deeper understanding of their underlying disease pathogenesis will encourage the development of more effective treatments that can target distinct disease pathways with greater specificity while minimizing adverse effects.
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Rosdara Masayuni Mohd Sani, Chuan Yi Foo, Muhammad Mujibuddin Hassan, Michael Yang Song Lim, Chen Liang Tan, and Ling Chian Voon. "A Rare And Severe Complication Of SLE: Bullous Systemic Lupus Erythematous." Malaysian Journal of Science Health & Technology 8 (September 21, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/2022289.
Full textAbstract:
Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is a rare antibody-mediated blistering eruption of subepidermal tissues in patients with underlying SLE. We report a case of a 19 years old Indian unconscious male who presented with acute generalized blistering lesion and widespread tense vesicles and Bullae at the superior trunk, proximal superior limbs, and face(lips) with the symmetrical distribution. Bullae contained haemorrhagic fluid and bleeding was also seen on the ruptured site. The lesions are also seen on mucosal areas such as perioral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, and genital areas. Multiple erosions and crusting lesions are also seen over the body. Multiple scalp plaque erythematous peeling lesions with foul smells. Blood investigation showed leucocytosis and metabolic acidosis with a diagnosis of septic shock secondary to infected BSLE. He was treated with IV hydrocortisone 200mg, analgesic, and IV Ceftriaxone. Unfortunately, he collapsed 24 hours later and passed away. This case report highlights the importance of early detection of BSLE as an acute skin complication in patients with underlying SLE and its management steps.
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Rosdara Masayuni Mohd Sani, Chuan Yi Foo, Muhammad Mujibuddin Hassan, Michael Yang Song Lim, Chen Liang Tan, and Ling Chian Voon. "A Rare And Severe Complication Of SLE: Bullous Systemic Lupus Erythematous." Malaysian Journal of Science Health & Technology 8 (September 21, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/mjosht.v8i.289.
Full textAbstract:
Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is a rare antibody-mediated blistering eruption of subepidermal tissues in patients with underlying SLE. We report a case of a 19 years old Indian unconscious male who presented with acute generalized blistering lesion and widespread tense vesicles and Bullae at the superior trunk, proximal superior limbs, and face(lips) with the symmetrical distribution. Bullae contained haemorrhagic fluid and bleeding was also seen on the ruptured site. The lesions are also seen on mucosal areas such as perioral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, and genital areas. Multiple erosions and crusting lesions are also seen over the body. Multiple scalp plaque erythematous peeling lesions with foul smells. Blood investigation showed leucocytosis and metabolic acidosis with a diagnosis of septic shock secondary to infected BSLE. He was treated with IV hydrocortisone 200mg, analgesic, and IV Ceftriaxone. Unfortunately, he collapsed 24 hours later and passed away. This case report highlights the importance of early detection of BSLE as an acute skin complication in patients with underlying SLE and its management steps.
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TEREZ, DMITRY E., and OMAR M. KNIO. "Numerical simulations of large-amplitude internal solitary waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 362 (May 10, 1998): 53–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112098008799.
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A numerical model based on the incompressible two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approximation is used to study mode-2 internal solitary waves propagating on a pycnocline between two deep layers of different densities. Numerical experiments on the collapse of an initially mixed region reveal a train of solitary waves with the largest leading wave enclosing an intrusional ‘bulge’. The waves gradually decay as they propagate along the horizontal direction, with a corresponding reduction in the size of the bulge. When the normalized wave amplitude, a, falls below the critical value ac=1.18, the wave is no longer able to transport mixed fluid as it propagates away from the mixed region, and a sharp-nosed intrusion is left behind. The wave structure is studied using a Lagrangian particle tracking scheme which shows that for small amplitudes the bulges have a well-defined elliptic shape. At larger amplitudes, the bulge entrains and mixes fluid from the outside while instabilities develop in the rear part of the bulge. Results are obtained for different wave amplitudes ranging from small-amplitude ‘regular’ waves with a=0.7 to highly nonlinear unstable waves with a=3.8. The dependence of the wave speed and wavelength on amplitude is measured and compared with available experimental data and theoretical predictions. Consistent with experiments, the wave speed increases almost linearly with amplitude at small values of a. As a becomes large, the wave speed increases with amplitude at a smaller rate, which gradually approaches the asymptotic limit for a two-fluid model. Results show that in the parameter range considered the wave amplitude decreases linearly with time at a rate inversely proportional to the Reynolds number. Numerical experiments are also conducted on the head-on collision of solitary waves. The simulations indicate that the waves experience a negative phase shift during the collision, in accordance with experimental observations. Computations are used to determine the dependence of the phase shift on the wave amplitude.
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Watanabe-Suzuki, K., O. Suzuki, I. Kosugi, H. Seno, and A. Ishii. "1. A Curious Autopsy Case of a Car Crash in Which Self-Strangulation and Lung Collapse Were Found: A Case Report." Medicine, Science and the Law 42, no. 3 (July 2002): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580240204200312.
Full textAbstract:
A curious autopsy case following the car crash of a 20-year-old male, in which self-strangulation and lung collapse were observed, is presented. His motor vehicle had crashed into a restaurant as a result of self-strangulation using an electrical cord wound four times around his neck. At autopsy, we found small rupture holes of spontaneous bullae in both lung apices, which had probably taken place upon collision during driving, petechial hemorrhages in the face skin and the absence of severe injuries. Since it seemed unlikely that the small holes in both lung apices caused fatal pneumothorax instantly, the cause of his death was judged to be asphyxia due to self-strangulation. It is not clear whether the self-strangulation was suicidal or autoerotic, because neither traces of suicidal intent nor circumstances suggesting either of them were disclosed.
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Rich, R. M., S. Ortolani, E. Bica, and B. Barbuy. "[ITAL]VI[/ITAL] Photometry of the Post–Core-Collapse Globular Cluster NGC 6558 and the Adjacent Bulge Field Population." Astronomical Journal 116, no. 3 (September 1998): 1295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/300497.
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Harries, M. J., K. C. Meyer, I. H. Chaudhry, C. E. M. Griffiths, and R. Paus. "Does collapse of immune privilege in the hair-follicle bulge play a role in the pathogenesis of primary cicatricial alopecia?" Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 35, no. 6 (November 3, 2009): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03692.x.
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Chipayo G., Ysaac, Patricia Lozada P., and William Bocanegra D. "Reconstrucción quirúrgica de una hernia abdominal traumática con avulsión púbica en un canino." Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú 35, no. 3 (June 28, 2024): e28270. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v35i3.28270.
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The case of a 5-year-old mixed-breed female canine who was brought to consultation after having suffered a car accident is reported. The animal had a large bulge in the caudal abdominal region. The physical examination showed that the mass was the product of a large eventration (intestinal loops and bladder). During the thoracic radiological examination, a slight pneumothorax was observed in the right hemithorax and partial collapse of the lung lobes on the left side, while the abdominal ultrasound ruled out further visceral involvement and confirmed the absence of a hernial sac. Once stabilization was achieved, the patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy where severe avulsion of the internal and external oblique, transverse and rectus abdominis muscles was confirmed at the insertion site to the cranial edge of the pubis. Surgical reconstruction of the abdominal wall at the pre-pubic level was carried out, through direct tissue apposition to correct such defects. One month after the surgical treatment, the patient's stability was confirmed.
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Rahn, David A., Thomas R. Parish, and David Leon. "Airborne Measurements of Coastal Jet Transition around Point Conception, California." Monthly Weather Review 141, no. 11 (October 25, 2013): 3827–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-13-00030.1.
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Abstract Low-level winds along the Californian coast during spring and early summer are typically strong and contained within the cool, well-mixed marine boundary layer (MBL). A temperature inversion separates the MBL from the warmer free troposphere. This setup is often represented by a two-layer shallow-water system with a lateral boundary. Near a prominent point such as Point Conception, California, the fast-moving MBL flow is supercritical and can exhibit distinct features including a compression bulge and an expansion fan. Measurements from the University of Wyoming King Air research aircraft on 19 May 2012 during the Precision Atmospheric MBL Experiment (PreAMBLE) captured wind in excess of 14 m s−1 off of Point Conception under clear skies and wind ~2 m s−1 east of San Miguel in the California Bight. A compression bulge was identified upwind of Point Conception. When the flow rounds the point, the MBL undergoes a near collapse and there is a spike in MBL height embedded in the general decrease of MBL height with greater turbulence just downwind that is associated with greater mixing through the inversion layer. Lidar and in situ measurements reveal that transport of continental aerosol is present near the pronounced MBL height change and that there is a complex vertical structure within the Santa Barbara Channel. Horizontal pressure gradients are obtained by measuring the slope of an isobaric surface. Observations of wind and pressure perturbations are able to be linked through a simple Bernoulli relationship. Variation of MBL depth explains most, but not all of the variation of the isobaric surface.