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Fu, Lai-fan, and 傅麗芬. "Characterizing the discourse patterns of collaborative knowledge building." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197113.
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This study aimed to develop a holistic understanding of knowledge-building discourse supported by Knowledge Forum among primary-and secondary-school students in Hong Kong. It is argued that prior studies of knowledge building did not adequately address the important question of how ideas are progressively improved because these studies employed cognitively oriented approaches that discarded the sequential, structural, and situational information about the process of group interactions. To better understand this question, the author applied methods from qualitative traditions to the study of knowledge-building discourse.
The study was part of a five-year professional development project, “Developing a teacher community for classroom innovation through knowledge building”. The author and other project members collaboratively analyzed more than hundreds of Knowledge Forum views to gain an initial understanding of productive group interactions. The selection of data set for the study utilized purposive sampling. The author evaluated the online discourses of several dozens of classes, with the criteria of productive group interactions. Three classes from different schools were selected: Grade 5 Science, Grade 10 Liberal Studies, and Grade 10 Visual Art. These classes offered diverse examples to enhance the transferability of the findings. The data set comprised 764 Knowledge Forum messages, which were examined in great detail by a four-stage qualitative method.
The first stage was a thematic analysis at the thread level to pre-process the online discourses for the subsequent analyses. The second stage was a qualitative coding at the action level to characterize the discourse components of the threads. The coding utilized 7 main codes that were adapted from van Aalst (2009): community, information, question, idea, linking, agency, and meta-discourse. This coding scheme formed a foundation of the data analysis, and this study extended the scheme in two ways. First, it gave the main codes a more theoretically solid foundation by conducting a literature review to further conceptualize or re-conceptualize the main codes. Second, it went beyond conducting the qualitative coding to seek for general patterns of interactions in the third-stage analysis. The third stage was a narrative analysis at the episode level to identify discourse patterns. Eleven patterns were identified to demonstrate productive and unproductive group interactions. The findings from the three stages of analysis were then interpreted to provide a comprehensive profile of the class discourses in the final-stage analysis. The relationship between the discourse profiles and idea improvement was explained. Finally, a validity check was conducted and the findings suggested that the discourse patterns could be used as a heuristic device to provide a basis for understanding other discourses.
The implications of this study are threefold. Methodologically, the study has identified eleven discourse patterns that can be conceived as an extensive classification scheme allowing researchers to understand different types of group interaction in asynchronous online discussion forums. Theoretically, the discourse patterns contribute to the literature concerning the process of computer-mediated group interactions. Pedagogically, it is hoped that the discourse patterns can be used as conceptual tools for scaffolding students toward productive group interaction and can be used in teacher professional development.published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Austin, Stephen William. "Collaborative narrative discourse in children's writing in Key Stage One." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361582.
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Pearce-Neudorf, Justin. "Collaborative Innovation: A shared discourse within Phnom Penh’s co-working community?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21654.
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This paper explores the existence of a shared community involving the members, users and organisers of three collaborative work spaces located in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Situated as part of an emergent global phenomenon, these spaces, despite having notable differences, share many important features and are, I argue, part of a knowledge exchanging cluster of grassroots entrepreneurialism and innovation-oriented organisations, groups and events in the Phnom Penh area. I explore this cluster as a community in two ways: firstly through the mapping of a knowledge architecture locating the spaces and their actors as nodes within a flow of relationships and activities, secondly, via a networked ethnographic inquiry tracing these flows to actors within the network through qualitative research methods. In doing so I reveal the degree to which there exists a shared community perceived by the users and organisers of these spaces as well highlighting potential opportunities for greater sharing of knowledge, ideas and experience. The paper finds that though a nascent community does exist, there is still significant variance in the levels of cognisance of this community by the different actors as well as in the approach to its engagement. Despite this, there remains, in large part, a shared set of goals and values paving the way for future community collaboration.
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Haugh, Brian. "Collaborative modelling : an analysis of modes of pupil talk." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263247.
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Finn, Rachael. "Collaborative work in the operating theatre : conflict and the discourse of 'teamwork'." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397548.
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Foster, Jonathan. "Structuring information tasks : an analysis of the discourse context of collaborative information seeking." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440952.
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Chao, Crystal. "Timing multimodal turn-taking in human-robot cooperative activity." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54904.
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Turn-taking is a fundamental process that governs social interaction. When humans interact, they naturally take initiative and relinquish control to each other using verbal and nonverbal behavior in a coordinated manner. In contrast, existing approaches for controlling a robot's social behavior do not explicitly model turn-taking, resulting in interaction breakdowns that confuse or frustrate the human and detract from the dyad's cooperative goals. They also lack generality, relying on scripted behavior control that must be designed for each new domain. This thesis seeks to enable robots to cooperate fluently with humans by automatically controlling the timing of multimodal turn-taking. Based on our empirical studies of interaction phenomena, we develop a computational turn-taking model that accounts for multimodal information flow and resource usage in interaction. This model is implemented within a novel behavior generation architecture called CADENCE, the Control Architecture for the Dynamics of Embodied Natural Coordination and Engagement, that controls a robot's speech, gesture, gaze, and manipulation. CADENCE controls turn-taking using a timed Petri net (TPN) representation that integrates resource exchange, interruptible modality execution, and modeling of the human user. We demonstrate progressive developments of CADENCE through multiple domains of autonomous interaction encompassing situated dialogue and collaborative manipulation. We also iteratively evaluate improvements in the system using quantitative metrics of task success, fluency, and balance of control.
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Lai, Lan Heung Serina. "Collaborative learning experience in project groups : an analysis of collaborative process and discourse patterns in peer discussions of college students in Hong Kong." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/889467de-d651-4973-b9aa-d3919d473c6d.
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Schulthies, Becky Lyn. "The Social Circulation of Media Scripts and Collaborative Meaning-Making in Moroccan and Lebanese Family Discourse." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194677.
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This dissertation tracks the social circulation of media scripts and collaborative meaning-making in urban Moroccan and Lebanese families' domestic conversations as ways in which the social imaginary of a differentiated pan-Arab audience imaginary is performed. Media scripts refer to television input or information circulated through entextualization processes, embedded direct and indirect quotations framed by a particular discussion, in household dialogues. They include stories, statistics, historical dates, anecdotal observations, music tunes, quotes, iconic units of language varieties and their attendant identities that Moroccan and Lebanese families managed in interpretive discussions. Scripts are easily detached and mobile sound bites that serve on an affective level as possible identity performances. I argue that Fassi Moroccan and Beiruti families are interpretive communities created and who participate in creating a culture of circulation, which is not just about the objects moving through a culture, but the means, methods, and mechanisms of transmission and interpretation built around and negotiated by the members of that community (Lee and LiPuma 2002). Collaborative in this dissertation draws on the Bakhtinian concept that all interaction involves interlocutors, whether present or not, and a set of interpretive conditions affecting meaning (Bakhtin and Holquist 1982:424). Although the social imaginary of an Arab audience is perceived as unitary enough to merit regional satellite programming, the performances of Moroccan and Lebanese families illuminate the differentiated and fractured construction of a pan-Arab cultural project. Through domestic media ethnography of pan-Arab and national entertainment, talk shows, and news programming reception, I explore functional literacies tied to intervisual cues and the management of intergenerational authority; a pan-Arab language ideology that includes performances of multilingualism and shifting identity alignments linked to specific features of linguistic varieties encountered via television; and the link between language, gender, and confessionalism in morality evaluations of gendered media representations. I focus on the everyday domestic contexts, linguistic mechanisms, and discursive frameworks activated by Moroccan and Lebanese families in media engagements.
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Wong, On-wing, and 黃安穎. "Computational methods for identifying and classifying questions in online collaborative learning discourse of Hong Kong students." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50605859.
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This study aims to investigate the automated question detection and classification methods to support teachers in monitoring the progression of discussion in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) discourse of Hong Kong students. Questioning is an important component of CSCL. Through the analysis of question types in CSCL discourse, teachers may probably get a general idea of how an inquiry is constructed. This study is an attempt to take up this time-consuming task of question classification with the techniques developed from machine learning. In general, the performance of machine learning algorithms will improve by increasing the amount of empirical data for training. The amount of training data is a determining factor for the performance of machine learning algorithms. The machine learning based question classification algorithms may not able to detect those question types with a small amount of training data. In order not to miss out those questions, an extra step to detect the occurrence of all question types might be needed.
One Chinese and one English datasets are collected from an online discussion platform. These datasets are selected for comparing the performance of question detection and classification in the two languages, and a sentence is defined as the unit of analysis. Question detection is a process to distinguish questions from other types of discourse act. A hybrid method is proposed to combine the rule-based question mark method and machine-learning-based syntax method for question detection. This method achieves 94.8% f1-score and 98.9% accuracy in English question detection and 94.8% f1-score and 93.9% accuracy in Chinese question detection. While question detection focuses mainly on the identification of questions, question classification concentrates on the categorization of questions. The literature showed that the tree kernel method is almost a standardized method for question classification. The classification of English verification and reason questions using tree kernel method can both attained f1-score above 80%. Though the precision of Chinese question classification using the same settings remains at a similar level, the recall drops greatly. This result indicates that the syntax-based tree kernel method may not be appropriate for classifying questions in Chinese languages. In order to improve on the Chinese question classification result, Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is introduced. CBR is a method to retrieve example case(s) which shares the maximum percentage of similarity with the test case from a database. In this study, the similarity is measured by the lexemes that composed a question. Although the implementation of the CBR method can improve the recall, it also causes the great drop of precision. Considering the high precision of tree kernel method and wide coverage of CBR method, a hybrid method is proposed to combine the two methods. The experiment result shows that f1-score of the hybrid method for multi-class classification surpasses the tree kernel and CBR methods. This indicates that the implementation of hybrid method can generally improve the result of Chinese question classification.published_or_final_version
Education
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Mohseni-Kabir, Anahita. "Collaborative Learning of Hierarchical Task Networks from Demonstration and Instruction." Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1033.
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"This thesis presents learning and interaction algorithms to support a human teaching hierarchical task models to a robot using a single or multiple examples in the context of a mixed-initiative interaction with bi-directional communication. Our first contribution is an approach for learning a high level task from a single example using the bottom-up style. In particular, we have identified and implemented two important heuristics for suggesting task groupings and repetitions based on the data flow between tasks and on the physical structure of the manipulated artifact. We have evaluated our heuristics with users in a simulated environment and shown that the suggestions significantly improve the learning and interaction. For our second contribution, we extended this interaction by enabling users to teaching tasks using the top-down teaching style in addition to the bottom-up teaching style. Results obtained in a pilot study show that users utilize both the bottom-up and the top-down teaching styles to teach tasks. Our third contribution is an algorithm that merges multiple examples when there are alternative ways of doing a task. The merging algorithm is still under evaluation. "
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Singleton, Brandon Kyle. "Mathematical Telling in the Context of Teacher Interventions with Collaborative Groups." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4137.
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Teacher telling is underrepresented in the mathematics education reform literature and deserves additional scrutiny. This case study examined a skilled teacher's telling practices during a university mathematics content course for pre-service elementary teachers. I identified telling practices through discourse analysis, attending to the presence of mathematics and the contribution of new structure or ideas from the teacher. The teacher utilized seven unique types of mathematical telling while supporting collaborative group work on tasks. The study identified subtle telling, implicit telling, and explicit telling. The results suggest that mathematical telling is an integral part of the teacher's role in inquiry-based instruction and should not be overlooked. Researchers can use the telling types to identify and describe telling practices more transparently. Practitioners can more consciously incorporate and discriminate between telling practices.
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Mastache, Martinez Claudia I. "A discursive study of therapy talk : the collaborative approach to therapy." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7707.
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The main goal of this thesis is to describe what happens in the collaborative approach to therapy from a conversation and discursive analytical perspective. The data we worked with are part of collaborative therapy sessions in Mexican Spanish Dialect. Chapter 1 is an introduction to two of the main social constructionist approaches to therapy, the `reflecting team approach' and the `collaborative approach' to therapy. This sets out the theoretical environment in which the therapy was done. Chapter 2 is a review of the state of the art in conversation and discourse studies on therapy talk and related fields, illustrating the type of analysis done up to now. Chapter 3 describes aspects of Mexican population that were part of the context in which the data originated; some notes on translation issues are included here. Chapter 4 is the first analytic chapter and it describes the dynamics in conversation of the English particle `okay' as found in Spanish therapeutic interaction. It shows both the work okay is doing when found in the therapists' discourse and what it is doing when found in the clients' discourse. Chapter 5 presents the analysis of instances of informality that were found in the data, arguing that aspects of an `egalitarian therapeutic stance' can be displayed in the participants' talk. Chapter 6 is a study on questions and therapy, more specifically it shows the questions that can be asked by the clients in therapy talk and the conversational job this is doing. Chapter 7 is an example of research done when taking as a starting point a category that is relevant for therapy and counselling: active listening. In reading through this thesis, the reader will find aspects of the therapeutic approach as displayed in talk. Examples of this are the displays in talk of the philosophical stance, such as being egalitarian in an institutional setting. Besides describing how theoretical assumptions can be displayed in talk, this work describes in detail several aspects of therapy talk.
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Dougherty, Susan Marie. "Explanation in mother-child discourse across contexts: shared book reading, co-viewing of educational television, collaborative block play, and mealtime." Thesis, Boston University, 2009. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31967.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
Home-based explanatory discourse supports linguistic and conceptual development, and is an important precursor to school-based learning. This study aimed to increase understanding of this topic by describing the distribution of explanations across five contexts in the home environments of preschool-aged children. The conversations of five highly educated, middle class mothers and their 2 1/2- to 3-year-old children were recorded as they read narrative and expository texts, viewed educational television, played with blocks, and ate meals together. The transcripts of these conversations were analyzed to determine: (1) the characteristics of mothers' explanations; (2) the characteristics of their children's explanations; (3) the ways the mothers provided scaffolds for their children's attempts to explain; and (4) the extent to which science concepts were discussed. Coding of parent-child discussions was based on Beals' (1993) nine categories of explanation, revised in response to data gathered in this study. Three intentional categories in Beals' coding scheme were collapsed, and two categories, identification and event , were added. The addition of these two categories of explanation afforded a richer picture of how mothers support the linguistic and cognitive development of their children across contexts. Explanation types identified in mothers' discourse in order of frequency were: identification, definitional/descriptive, causal, event, procedure, internal, intention , and consequence . Across the five contexts, the children heard an average of 3.2 explanations for every 10 turns spoken by their mothers. While certain contexts displayed a greater density of particular explanation types, each context offered opportunities for a range of types of explanation. Evidence that mothers have different explanatory "styles" was also found. Children's explanations were most often identification and event explanations. Mothers supported the children's attempts at explanation by extending their children's utterances, providing hints and information, and redirecting questions. Discussion of scientific concepts was also found across all contexts, but most frequently during the reading of expository text. The results indicate that a range of home activities support preschool-aged children's exposure to explanatory discourse and that those working with families to support early literacy should look beyond traditional book reading tasks as sources of talk that builds children's linguistic and conceptual knowledge.
2031-01-02
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Franzén, Åsa. "Collaborative problem solving (CPS) och elever som utmanar med sitt beteende utifrån perspektiv från specialpedagogisk diskurs." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29352.
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This study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the CPS model in the perspectives of special education discourse.The purpose of this study is to analyze how Ross Greenes way of describing students with challenging behavior in the CPS-model are interpreted by special education teachers and correlated with special education discourse. The studies questions are:•How does Ross Greene describe students with challenging behavior in the CPS-model?•How do special education teachers interpret these descriptions?•How do these descriptions correlative with perspectives of special education discourse?This study uses discourse theory as a framework, and Faircluoghs (1992, 2001) model which highlights how text, discursive practice and social practice altogether create social change as the method for the discourse analysis. Four special education teachers were interviewed and the ALSUP guide (Assessment of lagging skills and unsolved problems) and the Plan B Cheat Sheet, both important texts in the CPS model, were used for the discourse analysis.This study concludes that the categorical medical discourse is salient in CPS. It seems as this way of describing students with challenging behavior in the model has made a great impact on the special education teacher way of talking about the students. The pathogenic perspective dominates the discussions around the ALSUP-guide and the informants talk more about how to deal with students challenging behavior and solving their problems, than how to create a school organized for meeting all students learning needs by supporting teachers in their daily educational work. This creates dilemmas. The categorical way of describing the students seem to challenge teacher’s authoritarian way of describing students though, and that is considered by the informants in this study as a good thing. Plan B is a humanistic way of talking to students with challenging behavior and addresses both teachers and students concerns. It makes the special education teachers talk about students with challenging behavior from a relational perspective.The study implies that special education teachers need to be critical to the way they use models based on the medical discourse, so that their working practice includes both students, teachers and the school as a system with its norms and values.
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Luthy, Nicole Carter. "The Discursive Practices of Teachers Engaged in Collaborative Inquiry: Co-Constructing Conceptions of School Literacy." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1383903087.
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Tsai, Hsiao-Feng. "Classroom Discourse and Reading Comprehension in Bilingual Settings: A Case Study of Collaborative Reasoning in a Chinese Heritage Language Learners’ Classroom." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1331045818.
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Saarenkunnas, M. (Maarit). "Multidimensional participation in polycontextual computer-supported language learning." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2004. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514274865.
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Abstract
This thesis is an interdisciplinary study on how students and teachers as participants in computer-supported language learning make meaning to their activities. The analysis moves gradually from a more general discussion of participant activity and interaction in computer-supported environments to a domain-specific discussion of language learning and work. The main body of data for the study comes from three different university language courses. The last empirical study introduces a complementary data set from working life.
The thesis grounds its arguments on a discourse perspective of meaning. Rather than considering meaning as a property of a text or discourse, meaning is seen to reside in the active efforts of the participants of a social situation. In the particular case of computer-supported learning, a multiplicity of modes has to be taken into consideration. Language, in the sense of words, is a partial bearer of meaning only. The theoretical framework advances from a discussion of computer-supported learning as a hybrid form of interaction to a discussion of situated perspectives and computer-supported learning. The research approach applies multiple perspectives due to the multimodal and polycontextual nature of computer-supported learning. Special emphasis is laid on reaching the participant perspective.
The findings highlight the multidimensional and polycontextual character of participation in computer-supported learning. The resources that the participants use for meaning-making reach beyond the textual interaction in the learning platform. Furthermore, the participants have multiple ways of taking part in the educational activities. The context that the participants produce for their actions exceeds the limits of the learning platform and ties the activity to the surrounding world in many ways.
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Rucker, Julie Henderson. "The effects of online, collaborative discourse on secondary student writing a case study of the history and ecology of an electronic exchange /." Click here to access dissertation, 2008. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/fall2008/julie_h_rucker/rucker_julie_h_200808_edd.pdf.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Georgia Southern University, 2008."A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Education." Directed by Michael T. Moore. ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-235) and appendices.
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Chin, Tan Ying. "Insights and lessons from teachers' initial professional learning and collaborative practices in questioning for higher-order scientific discourse in primary science classrooms." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020752/.
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The purpose of this study is to understand the processes of teacher learning and collaboration when teachers are initiated into a professional development programme focusing on questioning to promote higher-order scientific discourse. The study will inform the design of school-based professional development on teacher questioning. Two Primary Four and two Primary Five science teachers from a Singapore primary school participated in a school-based professional development, comprising learning experiences designed for individual teachers and for teachers working together. The teachers were first introduced to Chin's (2007) questioning framework of four questioning approaches (Socratic questioning, verbal jigsaw, semantic tapestry, framing) at workshop sessions. They also conducted a total of sixteen lessons covering the topics of Heat, Light, Plant Reproduction and Plant Processes and participated in post lesson reflections. Data were collected by audio-recording workshop discussions, video-recording enacted lessons and audio-recording post lesson discussions. To analyse teachers' evidence of learning, the interconnected model of professional growth by Clarke and Hollingsworth (2002) was used. The model also facilitated the presentation and comparison of teachers' change sequences and growth networks in the personal domain of knowledge and belief, domain of practice and domain of consequence of salient outcomes arising from external domain of stimuli. All teachers changed but in different ways. Overall, the study has contributed empirical evidence on how teachers enacted and reflected on questioning in an authentic school setting, providing insights into the complexity of teacher learning and practices individually and with other teachers across various learning experiences. It has also provided insights into the potential of the model of Clarke and Hollingsworth (2002) as an analytical tool, not just for individual teachers but for teachers learning together. The features of school-based professional development that facilitated learning have informed the design of inquiry professional development. Findings from this study will inform me as a science curriculum specialist in designing curriculum, resources and professional development to better support questioning to nurture effective inquirers and critical thinkers in the 2ls1 century
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Salven, Julia Danielle. "English Language Self-Perceptions of Chinese International Engineering Students Shaped by Collaborative Work in Anglophone Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36268.
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Chinese international students represent one sixth of the international post-secondary student population present in Anglophone Canada. A popular field of study for this demographic is engineering. Considering differences in cultural background and English language barriers, Chinese international students face their own unique set of challenges in university classrooms where collaborative work has become a standard measure to instruct and assess material. Four face-to-face focus groups with fourteen Chinese international students examined how collaborative work with non-Chinese peers shapes the self-perceptions of English language skills by Chinese international students. Using Saldaña’s approach to coding as the selected method, the data generated categories, a concept and a key assertion. Participants’ perceptions of English language are shaped by efficiency, embarrassment and confidence. A desired goal of Chinese international students, which is only achieved by very few, is English language fluency. Suggesting an interrelated relationship, the key assertion proposes that language competence and perceptions develop in four stages. Perceptions and language competence transition through a non-linear process, which ranges from Shock, to the Brutal Upward Learning Curve, Acceptance and eventually Confident Mastery. Focus group participants demonstrated a high level of accurate self-assessment and are forced to adopt a dismissive attitude which allows them to move past negative experiences and perceptions and develop a strong sense of confidence which is necessary for survival.
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Edwards, D. J. A. "Collaborative versus adversarial stances in scientific discourse : implications for the role of systematic case studies in the development of evidence-based practice in psychotherapy." Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007861.
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There is still a need for advocacy in the promotion of case study research because there has been insufficient appreciation of its role as a source of evidence relevant to the development and evaluation of practice in psychotherapy. Distorted use of terms like "gold standard", "anecdotal",and "empirical" in the discourse in which research methodology is typically presented has disempowered the practitioner's perspective and discredited the role of case-based knowledge building. The framework of evidence-based practice (EBP) recognizes the complementarity of different research methods and acknowledges the significance of casebased research. To spell out some of these complementary links, a typology of seven research methods - including both experimental group comparison designs and individual case studies - is proposed and the contribution of each to the development of EBP is set out. Finally some suggestions are made for strategies to promote the publication of high quality case studies.
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Claxton, Alana. "Co-Constructing a Mother." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/411.
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This project seeks to understand the construction of a personal narrative concerning a primary parental figure using the process of collaborative autoethnography. In order to properly encapsulate the author’s lived experience, primary influential factors were considered imperative in allowing for a fuller representation. Thus, the author’s story joins those of her siblings to highlight the paradoxical process inherent in unearthing one’s singular perception. This project primarily aims to explore the complexity of autoethnography while simultaneously interrogating the cultural discourse surrounding motherhood and academic writing. By having a close and personal understanding of the subject matter as well as the research participants, the author was provided a unique glimpse into the ways family stories are both co-constructed and individually recounted
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Bower, Matthew. "Designing for interactive and collaborative learning in a web-conferencing environment." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/26888.
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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Information and Communication Sciences, Computing Department, 2008.Bibliography: p. 503-514.
This study investigated learning design in a web-conferencing environment based on three semesters of lessons conducted as part of an introductory programming subject. As well as characterizing the nature of discourse and interaction, the study focused on how the design of the interface, activity and task type affected collaboration and learning. Engeström's (1987) Activity Theory based upon a socio-constructivist view of learning was used to frame the analysis. --Interface designs incorporated theory relating to graphical user interface design, multimedia learning, and findings from the cognitive sciences. Activity designs were differentiated based on the degree of student ownership, from teacher-centred (transmissive) approaches, to teacher-led (guided interaction) approaches, to student-centred (collaborative group-work) designs. Types of tasks were considered on the basis of their level of knowledge (declarative, procedural and conceptual), their character (authenticity, situatedness) and their domain specific nature (in the field of computer science education). The effects of the different interface, activity and task designs on collaboration and mental model formation were explored. --A mixed method approach to analysis was adopted, incorporating a design-based research study and a multimodal discourse analysis. The design-based research allowed a broader, more interpretivistic and process focused analysis to be conducted, based on the strategic redesigns that occurred between iterations of the subject. The multimodal discourse analysis enabled more detailed, objective and outcomes based measurements of the subject of discourse, the nature of interactions and the types of modalities used to mediate learning. Triangulating data from the design-based research study and the multimodal discourse analysis provided a more complete description of phenomena and promoted greater reliability. --Results include the way in which different modalities afforded different possibilities for representing, and how combinations of those modalities could be effectively integrated by applying multimedia learning principles. Student-centred learning designs increased student involvement, allowing them to take greater ownership over the content and to more fully share their mental models. Authentic, meaningful problem solving tasks promoted greater student engagement. The capacity to dynamically redesign the interface based on the collaborative and cognitive requirements of the learning episode supported more effective implementation of conversational (Laurillard, 2002) approaches to learning. --More effective interaction and collaboration resulted from prescribing patterns of engagement, managing activity and technology so that student discourse could focus on content, and providing guidance regarding semiotic representational forms so that students could concentrate on applying those representations rather than inventing them. Teacher and student virtual classroom competencies critically influenced collaboration and learning. --Based on the findings in this study, a framework of nine pedagogical patterns for teaching and learning in web-conferencing environments is proposed. The framework provides an integrated approach to learning design that relates the interface design with the activity design and the level of knowledge (task type).
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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Venancio, Rafael Duarte Oliveira. "Massificacao e jornalismo: retorica e linguagem no escopo da comunicacao social." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27152/tde-05112010-112004/.
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O presente trabalho busca analisar, através de um percurso histórico-discursivo, o conceito de massificação dentro das Ciências da Comunicação. Através desse arcabouço construído, o objetivo é analisar as prováveis facetas atuais desse conceito: o jornalismo popularesco através da análise do Agora São Paulo e do Jornal da Tarde e das mídias colaborativas digitais. Usando o instrumental dos Estudos da Retórica, da Nova Retórica, da Pragmática do Texto (de Umberto Eco), da Análise do Discurso e da Argumentação Comunicacional, a dissertação busca demonstrar um novo âmbito da questão da massificação: a massa argumentativa, onde a condição massiva não é ontológica a esses membros da massa, o contraponto da elite.This study aims to examine, through historical and discursive routes, the concept of mass within the Communication Studies. Built through this framework, the goal is to analyze the probable current facets of this concept: popular journalism through analysis of Agora São Paulo and Jornal da Tarde and collaborative digital media. Using the methodological tools of the Study of Rhetoric, New Rhetoric, Pragmatics of Text (by Umberto Eco), Discourse Analysis and Communicational Argumentation, the dissertation aims to demonstrate a new connection with the question of mass: the mass based on argument, where the condition to be massive is not ontological to those members of the mass, the counterpoint of the elite.
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Rios, Jocelma Almeida. "Análise sociocognitiva de uma comunidade de prática baseada na web: entre o enunciado, o discurso e a prática." Faculdade de Educação, 2013. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/24123.
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Capes
Este trabalho resulta de uma inquietação sobre a efetiva aprendizagem construída, individual e coletiva, em torno do processo de gestão pedagógica de cursos a distância, e seus impactos na prática dos profissionais que atuam nesse processo. Tal inquietação é fruto de observação direta participante no desenvolvimento da primeira edição do curso de Especialização em Gestão Escolar, do Programa Nacional Escola de Gestores da Educação Básica, desenvolvido na Bahia, cuja gestão era realizada por uma equipe que atua de forma descentralizada e geograficamente distribuída. Na experiência vivenciada, foi constatado um problema comum no desenvolvimento de cursos a distância, que é a ausência de envolvimento coletivo e colaborativo dos profissionais que integram as equipes pedagógicas na construção do conhecimento voltado ao planejamento, organização e desenvolvimento de cursos na modalidade a distância, ambientado em espaços mediados por computador. Assim, com base na análise preliminar da experiência e na literatura pesquisada, visando dirimir o problema apresentado, para a segunda edição do Curso, buscou-se promover a constituição de uma comunidade de prática com o propósito de subsidiar a construção dinâmica, autônoma e multidisciplinar do conhecimento. No âmbito dessa comunidade de prática, que teve como espaços de interação, para o trabalho, recursos disponíveis na Plataforma Moodle, busca-se, então, compreender, sob aspectos sociocognitivos, o processo de construção do conhecimento no coletivo da equipe pedagógica do Curso. A análise sociocognitiva pretendida tem como pressupostos teórico-metodológicos a Fenomenologia e a Análise de Discurso francobrasileira, buscando compreender em profundidade a relação que se dá entre o enunciado (texto), o interdiscurso (contexto sócio-histórico-ideológico) e a prática (ação situada). Ao final deste trabalho, são propostas diretrizes para a concretização da gestão pedagógica, colegiada e distribuída, para cursos na modalidade a distância, considerando o estabelecimento de uma comunidade de prática.
ABSTRACT This work stems from unrest about effective learning built, individually and collectively, on the process of educational management in distance learning programs, and their impact on the practice of professionals working in this process. Such unrest is the result of direct observation participant in the development of the first edition of the Curso de Especialização em Gestão Escolar, in Programa Nacional Escola de Gestores da Educação Básica, developed in Bahia, whose management is carried out by a team that operates in a decentralized and geographically distributed. In lived experience, it was found a common problem in the development of distance education, which is the absence of collective and collaborative involvement of professionals within the teaching teams in the construction of knowledge oriented planning, organization and development of courses in the distance, set in computermediated spaces. Thus, based on preliminary analysis of the experience and the literature in order to settle the problem presented to the second edition of course, sought to promote the establishment community of practice in order to support the dynamic, autonomous and multidisciplinary knowledge construction. Within this community of practice, which had as interaction spaces for work, available resources in the Moodle platform, looking up, then understand, from socio-cognitive aspects, the process of knowledge construction in the collective team teaching of the course. The analysis is intended as a socio-cognitive phenomenology theoretical-methodological assumption Discourse Analysis Franco-Brazilian, trying to understand in depth the relationship that exists between the statement (text), interspeech (context socio historical ideological) and practice (situated action). At the end of this work, it is proposed guidelines for the implementation of educational management, collegiate and distributed to distance courses, considering the establishment of a community of practice.
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Jung, Yusun. "A Dialogic Action Perspective on Open Collective Inquiry in Online Forums." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1327699379.
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Huber, Stephan. "“Walking encyclopedias of studies” for sustainability transformations? The role of information and discourse in the case of the German coal phase-out." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-197233.
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Transformations of energy systems in line with the Paris Agreement demand rapid deliberate decline of fossil energy production for decarbonization. Rising in priority on national political agendas, policy change for deliberate decline meets political barriers in the form of powerful incumbent actors, path dependencies and frames of loss. Although these dynamics can impede transformations, literature remains unclear in how to engage with these barriers. Therefore, this study focused on discourse and policy process theories in a qualitative analysis based on a broad selection of documents and expert-based interviews to explore and illustrate the “Commission on Growth, Structural Change and Employment” in Germany (2018/19). In this multi-stakeholder committee, a phase-out plan for coal-fired power generation was negotiated alongside claims of just transitions. Findings indicate that policy change was reached through consensual agreement but was reduced in ambition through path dependent discourse and expert-based information. The selection and evaluation of expert-based information was closely tied to expert members, while political debate on necessary assumptions as a basis for this information remained scarce. Lastly, insights from discourse and expert-based information can enrich the understanding of sustainability transformations and further research on the case could investigate the narrative subscriptions of stakeholders.
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Dimitriou, Constantine C. "The role of group writing activity on disciplinary literacy appropriation at university." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665448.
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The work of Humanities & Social Sciences students involves learning to express disciplinary content in essay assessment to disciplinary norms. Though tutors use a genre for professional writing, literacy is often not part of the classroom discussion. Therefore, many students have difficulty appropriating the communicative tools of that disciplinary genre. This may be solved by a turn in pedagogy towards tutors’ awareness of students’ processes (Hornsby & Osman, 2014) which may, in turn, improve tutors’ feedback. Ethnography has provided insights into students’ attitudes, their impressions of feedback and experiences, largely through interview methods, and classroom observation (Saville-Troike, 1989), but assessment writing does not typically occur in class. What was needed was a closer examination of students’ literacy processes. This study looked at literacy work through Activity Theory (Leont’ev, 1978) which represents human activity as a contextualised system where a group works together towards an object. Group collaboration allows for concepts to be negotiated and for interpretations to be shared, which can aid understanding (Mercer, 1995). This cross-sectional study examined three L2-English Business Studies student groups’ collaborative writing with observation of activity as its primary instrument for capturing student literacy work. Using an Educational Talk framework (Mercer, 1995) to examine the qualities of negotiation, this study offers a new understanding of students’ processes of literacy work and their possible effect on literacy appropriation. The results showed how the task and other structural tensions drive literacy work, and how the particular attributes of Educational Talk, in a tertiary context, contribute to the negotiation of meaning in the resolution of tensions. It also showed how literacy work involves the inter-mingling of textual work, subject content (Tardy, 2006, 2009) and contextual factors. These indicate the importance of group literacy activity for students, and the importance of understanding group discussions involving literacy work.
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Dascalu, Mihai. "L'analyse de la complexité du discours et du texte pour apprendre et collaborer." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978420.
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L'apprentissage collaboratif assisté par ordinateur et les technologies d'e-learning devenant de plus en plus populaires et intégrés dans des contextes éducatifs, le besoin se fait sentir de disposer d'outils d'évaluation automatique et d'aide aux enseignants ou tuteurs pour les deux activités, fortement couplées, de compréhension de textes et collaboration entre pairs. Bien qu'une analyse de surface de ces activités est aisément réalisable, une compréhension plus profonde et complète du discours en jeu est nécessaire, complétée par une analyse de l'information méta-cognitive disponible par diverses sources, comme par exemples les auto-explications des apprenants. Dans ce contexte, nous utilisons un modèle dialogique issu des travaux de Bakhtine pour analyser les conversations collaboratives, et une approche théorique visant à unifier les activités de compréhension et de collaboration dans un même cadre, utilisant la construction de graphes de cohésion. Plus spécifiquement, nous nous sommes centrés sur la dimension individuelle de l'apprentissage, analysée à partir de l'identification de stratégies de lecture et sur la mise au jour d'un modèle de la complexité textuelle intégrant des facteurs de surface, lexicaux, morphologiques, syntaxiques et sémantiques. En complément, la dimension collaborative de l'apprentissage est centrée sur l'évaluation de l'implication des participants, ainsi que sur l'évaluation de leur collaboration par deux modèles computationnels: un modèle polyphonique, défini comme l'inter-animation de voix selon de multiples perspectives, un modèle spécifique de construction sociale de connaissances, fondé sur le graphe de cohésion et un mécanisme d'évaluation des tours de parole. Notre approche met en œuvre des techniques avancées de traitement automatique de la langue et a pour but de formaliser une évaluation qualitative du processus d'apprentissage. Ainsi, deux perspectives fortement interreliées sont prises en considération : d'une part, la compréhension, centrée sur la construction de connaissances et les auto-explications à partir desquelles les stratégies de lecture sont identifiées ; d'autre part la collaboration, qui peut être définie comme l'implication sociale, la génération d'idées ou de voix en interanimation dans un contexte donné. Des validations cognitives de nos différents systèmes d'évaluation automatique ont été réalisées, et nous avons conçu des scénarios d'utilisation de ReaderBench, notre système le plus avancé, dans différents contextes d'enseignement. L'un des buts principaux de notre modèle est de favoriser la compréhension vue en tant que " médiatrice de l'apprentissage ", en procurant des rétroactions automatiques aux apprenants et enseignants ou tuteurs. Leur avantage est triple: leur flexibilité, leur extensibilité et, cependant, leur spécificité, car ils couvrent de multiples étapes de l'activité d'apprentissage, de la lecture de matériel d'apprentissage à l'écriture de synthèses de cours en passant par la discussion collaborative de contenus de cours et la verbalisation métacognitive de jugements de compréhension, afin d'obtenir une perspective complète du niveau de compréhension et de générer des rétroactions appropriées sur le processus d'apprentissage collaboratif.
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Terrab, Imane. "Dispositifs de Social Software et nouveaux régimes de collaboration : nature technique des outils, discours et modalités collaboratives." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED050/document.
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Depuis près d'une décennie, les outils issus du Web 2.0 s'insèrent dans la sphère de l'entreprise et sont présentés comme participant d'un changement technologique et managérial majeur. Pour autant, on constate des lacunes théoriques dans la caractérisation des régimes collaboratifs proposés par ces nouveaux objets, réunis sous la bannière du Social Software. Nous proposons ici d'explorer les dimensions à travers lesquelles les objets de Social Software proposent un renouvellement des régimes collaboratifs. Ce projet nous amène d'abord à présenter les évolutions techniques et paradigmatiques entre Groupware et Social Software. Dans un deuxième temps, nous réalisons une exploration empirique du champ via l'analyse des discours commerciaux d'éditeurs de Social Software et la présentation de quatre dispositifs que nous qualifions au regard des taxonomies issues des champs du Computer Supported Cooperative Work et de l'Entreprise 2.0. Nous enrichissons cette analyse par la modélisation des trajectoires d'évolution des quatre dispositifs faisant l'objet de nos études de cas, au travers d'un cadre conceptuel centré sur l'objet technique. Enfin, nous proposons un cadre inédit pour la caractérisation des régimes de collaboration proposés par les dispositifs de Social Software. Cette recherche nous amène à rediscuter des liens entre les technologies et les modalités de pilotage de l'action collective dans les organisationsFor the last decade, Web 2.0 tools have entered the corporate sphere and are considered as part of a major technical and managerial shift. However, there is still a lack of theoretical framework to define the collaborative regimes that the new objects of Social Software carry. In this dissertation, we explore the dimensions through which Social Software objects offer a renewal of collaborative regimes. First, we highlight the technical and paradigmatic evolutions between Groupware and Social Software. Then we carry an empirical exploration of the field of Social Software, by analyzing publishers' commercial discourse and presenting four devices that we describe through the taxonomical frameworks of Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Enterprise 2.0. This analysis is supplemented by the modelization of the four devices' evolution paths, relying on a conceptual framework that focuses on the technical object. Finally, we suggest a novel framework to define the collaboration regimes proposed by Social Software devices. This research leads us to further discuss the links between technology and the management of collaboration
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Chen, Erdong S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Discourse models for collaboratively edited corpora." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44374.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81).
This thesis focuses on computational discourse models for collaboratively edited corpora. Due to the exponential growth rate and significant stylistic and content variations of collaboratively edited corpora, models based on professionally edited texts are incapable of processing the new data effectively. For these methods to succeed, one challenge is to preserve the local coherence as well as global consistence. We explore two corpus-based methods for processing collaboratively edited corpora, which effectively model and optimize the consistence of user generated text. The first method addresses the task of inserting new information into existing texts. In particular, we wish to determine the best location in a text for a given piece of new information. We present an online ranking model which exploits this hierarchical structure - representationally in its features and algorithmically in its learning procedure. When tested on a corpus of Wikipedia articles, our hierarchically informed model predicts the correct insertion paragraph more accurately than baseline methods. The second method concerns inducing a common structure across multiple articles in similar domains to aid cross document collaborative editing. A graphical model is designed to induce section topics and to learn topic clusters. Some preliminary experiments showed that the proposed method is comparable to baseline methods.
by Erdong Chen.
S.M.
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Smith, Ann Kowal. "The Delicate Balance of Organizational Leadsership: Encouraging Learning and Driving Successful Innovation." Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Management / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casedm1568731826883226.
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Kaartinen, S. (Sinikka). "Learning to participate:participating to learn in science and mathematics classrooms." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514270932.
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Abstract The aim of this thesis is to examine the practices of classroom learning communities whose pedagogy in the learning of science and mathematics draws on the sociocultural perspective. This pedagogical framework views learning as a collective process of meaning making situated in cultural contexts. This research thesis illuminates the ways in which communal learning activity is constructed into being in the social interactions of classroom learning communities. Methodologically, this research is concerned with unravelling the dynamics of collaborative learning processes, and with examining how they give rise to the construction of diverse voices during participation in cultural activities. The empirical findings discussed in this thesis are derived from three case studies. Case Study 1 examines the nature of participation processes in science classrooms representing three age levels (Kaartinen & Kumpulainen, 2001). Case Study 2 focuses on the construction of explanations in a collaborative science learning project (Kaartinen & Kumpulainen, 2002). Case Study 3, reported in two articles, investigates the processes and conditions for collaborative reasoning in an elementary classroom context with a special interest in mathematics (Kumpulainen & Kaartinen, 2000, 2003). On the basis of the findings of this thesis, successful collaboration — joint effort towards a joint non-predetermined goal of action — can be said to require the growth of communicative consciousness. This means the ability to approach the problem under question from the point of view of another person and hence conversely, an ability to see one's own position from the point of view of other person. In this thesis, collaborative negotiation processes consisted of diverse interpretations, varying from informal to formal explanations, and from descriptive reasoning to causal reasoning. It seems evident that the traditional approach to teaching does not give students enough tools to elaborate their conceptions. However, the results of this thesis indicate that the collaborative learning situations here described have the power to provide students with opportunities to elaborate their explanations. The results of this thesis highlight the potential of the sociocultural approach to engage students in educational interaction, where diverse voices are able to participate and contribute to the ongoing discussion. The involvement of all students in collaborative discourses also poses challenges to sociocultural pedagogy, calling for educators to recognise and support varied opportunities for participation in educational discourse. The examples presented in this thesis are aimed at providing educators and researchers with lenses through which to examine the sociocultural practices of these classrooms and potentially further develop themTiivistelmä Väitöstutkimukseni tarkoituksena on tutkia sosiokulturaalista pedagogiikkaa soveltavien oppijayhteisöjen käytänteitä matematiikan ja luonnontieteiden luokkahuoneissa. Tämän pedagogisen lähestymistavan mukaan oppiminen nähdään yhteisöllisenä, kulttuurisiin käytänteisiin liittyvänä osallistumis- ja merkityksenantoprosessina. Tutkimus valottaa yhteisöllisten opiskelutilanteiden rakentumista ja realisoitumista tutkimukseen osallistuneiden luokkahuoneiden sosiaalisessa vuorovaikutuksessa. Tässä tutkimuksessa kehitettyjen tutkimusmenetelmien avulla halutaan selvittää yhteistoiminnallisten opiskeluprosessien luonnetta ja sitä, kuinka näiden prosessien avulla voidaan tukea erilaisten lähestymistapojen osallistumista kulttuurisiin toimintoihin. Tutkimuksen empiiriset tulokset ovat peräisin kolmesta eri tapaustutkimuksesta. Ensimmäinen tapaustutkimus (Kaartinen & Kumpulainen, 2001) tarkastelee kolmea eri ikäkautta edustavien luonnontieteiden luokkahuoneiden osallistumisen prosessia. Toinen tapaustutkimus (Kaartinen & Kumpulainen, 2002) keskittyy selitysten rakentumisen tutkimiseen yhteistoiminnallisuutta soveltavassa luonnontieteiden opiskeluprojektissa. Kolmas tapaustutkimus, joka on raportoitu kahdessa eri artikkelissa (Kumpulainen & Kaartinen, 2000, 2003), tutkii yhteistoiminnallisen merkityksenantoprosessin rakentumista ja luonnetta ala-asteen geometrian opetuksessa. Tulosten perusteella kommunikatiivinen tietoisuus on onnistuneen yhteistoiminnallisuuden edellytyksenä matematiikan ja luonnontieteiden opiskelussa. Kommunikatiivinen tietoisuus tässä yhteydessä tarkoittaa kykyä lähestyä tarkasteltavaa ongelmaa toisen osallistujan näkökulmasta ja vastaavasi kääntäen, kykyä nähdä oma asemansa osallistuvan toisen näkökulmasta. Yhteistoiminnallisten selitysten luonteen tutkimus toi esille erilaisia lähestymistapoja akateemiseen tietoon matematiikan ja luonnontieteiden alalla. Tässä tutkimuksessa selitysten rakentuminen koostui erilaisista tulkinnoista ja vaihteli informaalista selittämisestä formaaliin selittämiseen sekä kuvailevasta selittämisestä syy- seuraussuhteita etsivään selittämiseen. Tulokset valottavat sosiokulturaalisen lähestymistavan mahdollisuutta sellaisen kasvatuksellisen vuorovaikutuksen rakentumisessa, joka tukee erilaisten tulkintojen osallistumisen ja vaikuttamisen mahdollisuutta merkityksenantoprosessiin. Haasteen muodostaa sellaisen kasvatuksellisen vuorovaikutuksen rakentaminen, jossa myös hiljaiset oppijat osallistuvat yhteisölliseen merkityksenantoprosessiin. Tutkimuksessa esitettävät empiiriset esimerkit tarjoavat kasvattajille ja tutkijoille välineitä, joiden avulla voidaan tarkastella ja mahdollisesti myös kehittää matematiikan ja luonnontieteiden luokkahuoneiden sosiaalisia käytänteitä
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Tanskanen, Sanna-Kaisa. "Collaborating towards coherence : lexical cohesion in English discourse /." Amsterdam : J. Benjamins, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb402124160.
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Chan, Sui-heung, and 陳穗香. "Collaboration in conversational narrative: tellership as a joint achievement." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26771937.
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André, Virginie Riley Philip. "Construction collaborative du discours au sein de réunions de travail en entreprise." Nancy : Université Nancy 2, 2006. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr/htdocs/docs_ouvert/doc216/2006NAN21005_1.pdf.
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Brasil, Angela Medeiros de Assis. "VITIMIZAÇÃO VERSUS EMPODERAMENTO: AS IDENTIDADES CONSTITUÍDAS NO DISCURSO DE PROFESSORES DE ENSINO MÉDIO PÚBLICO EM FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4019.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorTo build a transformative school, capable of promoting the insertion of its students within social literacy practices, according to Liberali et. al. (2006, p. 170), a joint action between university, school and community is required. In this context of action, the teacher is a central subject, despite the historical disempowerment that challenges them and turns them into a victim of their profession. Assuming that the profession is an important part in the definition of any individual identity, the objective of this study is to examine, through the lens of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of Norman Fairclough (1989, 1992, 2003), the discourses that teachers participating in a collaborative intervention (MAGALHÃES, 1996; LIBERALI, 1999, for example) produce about themselves in order to identify how their identity practices are constituted. From a perspective of discourse as a social construct, through which participants build their social reality and themselves by discourse, the construction of identity is seen as a constant process and, thus, dependent on discursive realizations in particular circumstances: the meanings participants give themselves and others engaged in discourse. In this sense, identity is never complete, full, but it is always in process through discourse (MOITA LOPES, 2002, p. 34). To achieve the aim of this study, we provided a collaborative space for reflection between the The Lab for Research and Teaching of Reading and Writing (Labler/Federal University of Santa Maria) and a state high school, located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The investigated universe of analysis is the faculty segment of this public school. In this universe, the corpus for this study was generated through reflective sessions, provided by the practice of collaborative intervention and composed of discourses of eight teachers of different disciplines. For the analysis, the linguistic data of the participants was segmented into analyzable units associated with the Appraisal Theory (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005) and interpreted discursively using a theoretical framework centered on ACD. The analysis of the discourses of these participants provided textual evidence that their career path, the current work in the school, the teaching profession in their view and in the society s view construct their identities. However, the practice of collaborative intervention proposed caused significant positive effects, generating shifts in the professional identity of these teachers, such as a discourse of resistance to victimization within the teaching profession.
Para a construção de uma escola transformadora, capaz de favorecer a inserção de seu aluno em práticas sociais letradas, segundo Liberali et. al. (2006, p. 170), é necessário uma ação conjunta entre universidade, escola e comunidade. Nesse contexto de ação, o professor é um sujeito central, apesar do desempoderamento histórico que o interpela e o torna vítima de sua profissão. Partindo do pressuposto de que a profissão é parte importante na definição da identidade de qualquer indivíduo, o objetivo geral deste estudo é analisar, à luz da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD) de Norman Fairclough (1989, 1992, 2003), os discursos que docentes participantes de uma prática de intervenção colaborativa (MAGALHÃES, 1996; LIBERALI, 1999, por exemplo) produzem sobre si mesmos, a fim de identificar como suas práticas identitárias são constituídas. Sob a perspectiva de discurso como construção social, por meio da qual os participantes constroem a realidade social e a si mesmos pelo discurso, a construção de identidade é vista como estando sempre em processo, pois é dependente da realização discursiva em circunstâncias particulares: os significados que os participantes dão a si mesmos e aos outros engajados no discurso. Nesse sentido, a identidade nunca está concluída, completa, mas sempre em processo por meio do discurso (MOITA LOPES, 2002, p.34). Para atingir o objetivo, proporcionamos um espaço de reflexão colaborativa entre o Laboratório de Pesquisa e Ensino de Leitura e Redação (Labler/Universidade Federal de Santa Maria) e uma escola pública estadual de Ensino Médio, situada no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Assim, o universo de análise investigado é o segmento de professores dessa escola pública. Nesse universo, foi delimitado o corpus para este estudo, gerado por meio de sessões reflexivas, proporcionadas pela prática de intervenção colaborativa e composto pelos discursos de oito professores, responsáveis por diferentes disciplinas. Para a análise, foi realizada uma interpretação discursiva, considerando o referencial teórico da ACD, a partir do parcelamento dos dados linguísticos usados pelos participantes em unidades analisáveis, associadas ao Sistema de Avaliatividade (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005). A análise dos discursos desses participantes apontou evidências textuais que nos mostram que a sua trajetória profissional, o trabalho atual na escola, a profissão docente na sua perspectiva e na da sociedade constroem suas identidades, entretanto os deslocamentos gerados nessa comunidade, como efeito da prática de intervenção colaborativa proposta, causaram efeitos positivos importantes na identidade profissional desses professores, tais como um discurso de resistência àquele de vitimização da profissão docente.
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Simmons, Michelle Holschuh. "The development of undergraduate students' facility with disciplinary discourses through collaboration between faculty members and librarians." Diss., University of Iowa, 2007. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/161.
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Lewis, David Charles. "European unity and the discourse of collaboration, France and francophone Belgium, 1938-1945." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ27797.pdf.
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Tyler, Robyn. "'Bridging discourses' in a bilingual South African mathematics classroom with a collaborative teaching model." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11397.
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The majority of South Africa's learners have to access a curriculum in a language which is not their home language. Research has been conducted into several aspects of the challenge that this poses to educators and learners alike and how classroom discourse reflects this reality. This case study of a rural, bilingual Mathematics classroom in a holiday programme run by an NGO focuses on classroom talk to identify bridging discourses (Gibbons, 2006) used by the teacher, learning facilitator and learners. These bridging discourses serve to draw together the 'everyday' language of the learners and the subject-specific language of school Mathematics as well as to mediate between the culturally and linguistically disparate learners and teacher. I draw on a sociocultural view of learning, in particular the notion of mediation (Vygotsky, 1978), to frame this study. Classroom talk is conceptualised as a means of jointly constructing meaning (Mercer, 1995) which is framed by different discursive practices in different cultural settings (Gee, 1999; Alexander, 2001). Hence my research question is: within the particular discursive space of this classroom, how is mathematical meaning mediated through 'bridging discourses'?
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Yuen, Kwok-lun Johnny, and 袁國麟. "Investigating the role of personal epistemology in students' participation in computer supported collaborative learning discourses." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197538.
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This research investigates what impact (if any) do personal epistemology (PE) have on individual’s engagement and ideas progression when engaged in a CSCL discourse designed to stimulate knowledge building (KB) (Scardamalia & Bereiter, 2003). Through literature review, this thesis sets out with an assumption that a learner’s engagement in a collaborative learning discourse is influenced by three kinds of beliefs: nature of knowledge, how learning takes place, and quality criteria for good knowledge. Reflective judgment (RJ), i.e. network of beliefs on knowledge and knowing underpinning personal judgments on ill-structured issues (Kitchener & King, 2002), is the key PE construct underpinning this study. Further, it is believed that the extent to which an individual pursues explanatory coherence (EC) (Thagard, 1989) when engaged in a CSCL discourse reflects his/her beliefs about the quality criteria for good knowledge.
The empirical part of this study was undertaken in a grade 8 class involving 32 students over a 12-weeks period. Students worked in groups on an integrated-humanities module to develop proposals for new tourist attractions in Hong Kong. Students were encouraged to use Knowledge Forum® (KF) for online collaborative discussions throughout different inquiry stages of the module.
A questionnaire instrument was designed and administered to assess students’ RJ. Using this instrument, fifteen students were identified as pre-reflective and seventeen as quasi-reflective. Independent-samples t-tests on students’ participatory statistics in KF show that quasi-reflective students’ usage of two metacognitive-oriented KF features, scaffolds and note revision, were significantly more frequent than pre-reflective students (p<=.05).
Four qualitative indicators for RJ were developed to assess epistemic properties of all written notes students contributed on KF: purpose of the note, type of query raised, structure of claims, and basis for justification. The first two reflect disposition and the other two reflect argumentative rigor of a note. No statistically significant difference in the mean of epistemic properties contributed by students at different RJ levels was found. In average, students are disposed towards contributing argumentative notes and raise explanatory questions in the online collaborative discourse. Furthermore, student’s contributions are mainly justified on idiosyncratic basis.
The study further investigates whether individual’s EC seeking notes in threads reflects his/her beliefs about quality criteria for good knowledge, and how EC seeking affects ideas progression. Qualitative analysis of threads show students sought EC on ideas and the inquiry process through raising concerns about contextual issues, challenging causal views, task-space evaluation, and methodological evaluation. In many threads analyzed quasi-reflective students were the initiator of EC seeking. They are also active contributors of argumentative build-ons that contribute towards changes in view among peers. Independent-samples t-tests suggest that quasi-reflective students have contributed significantly more notes that sought EC about contextual issues than pre-reflective students (p=.016).
To conclude, epistemic properties of notes contributed and individual’s EC seeking acts provide preliminary evidence to support the notion that RJ and individual’s beliefs about quality criteria for good knowledge influence engagement and ideas progression in CSCL. Further studies on using developmental PE theories to study learner’s beliefs and engagement in KB discourse are recommended.published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Paz, Enrique E. III. "Teaching Plagiarism: Discourse on Plagiarism and Academic Integrity in First-year Writing." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1407157979.
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Kinard, Melissa Grass. "Orchestrating Student Discourse Opportunities and Listening for Conceptual Understandings in High School Science Classrooms." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/45.
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Scientific communities have established social mechanisms for proposing explanations, questioning evidence, and validating claims. Opportunities like these are often not a given in science classrooms (Vellom, Anderson, & Palincsar, 1993) even though the National Science Education Standards (NSES, 1996) state that a scientifically literate person should be able to “engage intelligently in public discourse and debate about important issues in science and technology” (National Research Council [NRC], 1996). Research further documents that students’ science conceptions undergo little modification with the traditional teaching experienced in many high school science classrooms (Duit, 2003, Dykstra, 2005). This case study is an examination of the discourse that occurred as four high school physics students collaborated on solutions to three physics lab problems during which the students made predictions and experimentally generated data to support their predictions. The discourse patterns were initially examined for instances of concept negotiations. Selected instances were further examined using Toulmin’s (2003) pattern for characterizing argumentation in order to understand the students’ scientific reasoning strategies and to document the role of collaboration in facilitating conceptual modifications and changes. Audio recordings of the students’ conversations during the labs, written problems turned in to the teacher, interviews of the students, and observations and field notes taken during student collaboration were used to document and describe the students’ challenges and successes encountered during their collaborative work. The findings of the study indicate that collaboration engaged the students and generated two types of productive science discourse: concept negotiations and procedure negotiations. Further analysis of the conceptual and procedure negotiations revealed that the students viewed science as sensible and plausible but not as a tool they could employ to answer their questions. The students’ conceptual growth was inhibited by their allegiance to the authority of the science laws as learned in their school classroom. Thus, collaboration did not insure conceptual change. Describing student discourse in situ contributes to science education research about teaching practices that facilitate conceptual understandings in the science classroom.
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Flodén, Linn. "Nature Conservation, Collaboration and Claims : A Discourse Analysis of the Vålådalen-Sylarna-Helags National Park Process." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179888.
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As a policy field, nature conservation has a problematic history. Setting aside nature forprotection has often entailed the marginalization of Indigenous peoples, their claims, and their traditional lands. Some argue that a shift is occurring in Swedish nature protection policies, from top-down governing modes to collaborative forms. The thesis critically examines the national park process in Vålådalen-Sylarna-Helags, a project unique for nature conservation in Saepmie. No national park was established despite the process’ collaborative form and the inclusion of local actors, among those three reindeer herding communities. The thesis studies discursive constructions of the local Saemie actors’ inclusion and how that affects their possible influence. Moreover, it analyzes central constructions and considers their effects on the projectand change over time. The results show that inclusion is articulated differently by state actorsand reindeer herding communities, limiting and making possible varying forms of influence. The landscape and natural state are central constructions affecting the process, and the project’s aim transforms with significant consequences for the process and possibly its result.
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O'Donnell, Jeffrey Michael. "Collaboration And Conflict In The Adirondack Park: An Analysis Of Conservation Discourses Over Time." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/391.
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The role of collaboration within conservation is of increasing interest to scholars, managers and forest communities. Collaboration can take many forms, but one under-studied topic is the form and content of public discourses across conservation project timelines. To understand the discursive processes that influence conservation decision-making, this research evaluates the use of collaborative rhetoric and claims about place within discourses of conservation in the Adirondacks. Local newspaper articles and editorials published from January 1996 to December 2013 and concerning six major conservation projects were studied using content analysis. Results show that collaborative rhetoric increased during the study period, and conflict discourses declined, in concert with the rise of collaborative planning efforts. Data also show an increasing convergence between conservation sponsors and local communities regarding the economic benefits of conservation and the importance of public participation. The study has value in examining representations of place and media claims-making strategies within conservation discourses, an important topic as natural resource managers increasingly embrace community-based natural resource management.
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Miranda, Ariadne. "Communication as Constitutive of Organization: Practicing Collaboration in and English Language Program." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7858.
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This dissertation is about collaboration as an organizational practice that is communicatively constituted. Specifically, I examine how members of a team in an English language program located in a large southeastern university in the United States make sense of what they define as a collaborative work environment and materialize it in their meetings in spoken and written discourse, and in their mention and use of organizational artifacts. Though the study examines the practices of one organizational setting, the insights generated illuminate broader organizational and discourse dynamics and speak to important issues in the discipline of communication such as authority, leadership, organization sensemaking, materiality, and the role of texts in organizations.
The data in this dissertation consists of spoken and written discourse. The spoken and written discourse data consist of 11 audiorecorded and transcribed meetings. To collect these data, I attended team meetings for a period of one year. I transcribed selected meeting data, and analyzed this data using a tool kit called discourse analysis. The written discourse data I examine is comprised of two documents: The Statement of Core Values and the Philosophy on Teamwork. My analysis shows how team members operating in a collaborative environment favor strategies that lead to consensus. These strategies include the use of politeness strategies such as the use of mitigating and inclusive language. Team members also use discursive strategies that demonstrate top down leadership and authority, albeit marked by indirectness. I offer practical recommendations for practice starting with the idea that collaboration does not have meaning outside of communication; collaboration means what the members of a discourse community say it means. I contend that discourse analysis can be a useful tool for organizational members as it can help them become mindful of the language they use and its constitutive force in the workplace. I also offer suggestions that can help organizations retroactively make sense of their organizational texts to ensure that they are accountable to others for what their organizations stand for.
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Justine, Olausson. "Tomorrow Was The Golden Days : An Archive For SUpporting Collaboratie Mobility in Addis Ababa." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-159211.
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Over the past two decades a body of scholarship on the Global South has begun to present new ways to conceptualize African cities and their spatio-temporal specificity. Despite this, the city of Addis Ababa in Ethiopia is moving towards the reestablishment of its faded glory through means of aspatial modernization. The city’s aspirations for distinction and visibility can be seen as responses to the variable scales of contemporary urban systems. As ‘place’ is arguably no longer a singular concept, cities are rooted in relational networks rather than in ‘place’ alone. ‘Locality’ thus extends beyond the physical site to include linkages with a network of places around the world. Using an art-based research methodology, this research contributes to the discourse of urban development in the Global South generally, and Addis Ababa specifically. Findings are juxtaposed through documentation that includes theoretical essays, reportage, survey-informed graphics, interviews, and excerpts from a short film series and an existing plan for the Megenegna area. Potentials and challenges of place-based conceptions of urbanism are discussed, linking to the legacy of the 1960s mechanical and social paradigms. The insitutional role of UN-Habitat in the global collective supports is discussed for potential to supports existing resources and demographics for improved mobility and accessibility.
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Spiller, Erica. "COLLABORATION OF FEMINIST AND POSTCOLONIAL DISCOURSES IN THE PLAYS OF APHRA BEHN AND CARYL CHURCHILL." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1692.
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Subjugated groups studied by discourses of feminism and postcolonialism are commonly oppressed by white, male, imperial power systems. As different marginalized groups are exploited by the same dominant ideology the disparate discourses should collaborate in an attempt to fight the powers of oppression en masse. This thesis will explore not only how feminism and postcolonialism should collaborate, but that they have already been doing so for hundreds of years. In the seventeenth century the playwright Aphra Behn was already exploring the discourses as inseparable, and three-hundred-years later, playwright Caryl Churchill continues to do the same. By studying conventions of drama throughout various theatre movements, such as Restoration and Epic theatre, I will show how class, gender, and race have always been cultural issues as long as Britain has had imperial status.
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Ticks, Luciane Kirchhof. "(RE)CONSTRUÇÃO DE CONCEPÇÕES, PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS E IDENTIDADES POR PROFESSORAS DE INGLÊS PRÉ E EM SERVIÇO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3955.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorResearch in the area of pre and inservice teacher education have focused on the development of a meta-awareness on English teachers learning process and how this knowledge affects their social and discursive practices and their social relations in the teaching contexts in which they work (see MAGALHÃES & FIDALGO, 2008; BARCELLOS, 2006, CASTRO, 2006; PAIVA, 2005; CRISTÓVÃO, 2005a; MAGALHÃES, 2004; VIEIRA-ABRAHÃO, 2004; MOTTA-ROTH, 2006b; for instance). As a result of these investigations, this knowledge can be appropriated by language teacher programs (JOHNSON, 1996, p. 47) in the configuration of a critical and empowered second language teacher education (FREIRE, 2003b). Following this perspective, this work tries to evaluate how a collaborative practice of intervention can contribute to qualify pre and inservice language teacher education linguistically and pedagogically. To do that, we initially investigate the profile of preservice teachers and the concepts of language, teaching and learning built along their language teacher program. Then a focus group (two pre and one inservice teacher) was established in order to develop a collaborative practice of intervention which could ultimately generate reflection on concepts of learning, teaching practice and identities built along the preservice training practice in a State school. The reflective actions and the analysis of the discourses produced during these actions are theoretically supported by collaborative research of intervention (MAGALHÃES & FIDALGO, 2008; MAGALHÃES, 2004), Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003, 1989) and socio-cultural theory of learning (VYGOTSKY, 2001, 1995). The discourse analysis shows that, through the practice of intervention, participants could develop a meta-awareness on behaviorist concepts of learning which underly their discourse and teaching practices at the beginning of the reflective process. The practice of intervention also helped them give their first steps on building a sociocultural learning perspective (concepts and teaching practice). This reconfiguration had an impact not only on the way they act in the classroom, but also in the constitution of their identities as teachers of English, as they gradually personify social roles which demand a critical and socially-situated attitude from themselves and from their students. By the end of the intervention practice, they point out the importance of teacher s engagement in reflective ongoing processes, taking responsibility for their role in the configuration of these processes.
Pesquisas na área de formação pré e em serviço têm priorizado o desenvolvimento de uma metaconsciência acerca do processo de aprendizagem de professores de inglês e de que maneira esse conhecimento afeta suas práticas sociais e discursivas e suas relações sociais nos contextos de ensino em que atuam (ver MAGALHÃES & FIDALGO, 2008; BARCELLOS, 2006, CASTRO, 2006; PAIVA, 2005; CRISTÓVÃO, 2005a; MAGALHÃES, 2004; VIEIRA-ABRAHÃO, 2004; MOTTA-ROTH, 2006b; por exemplo). Como resultado dessas investigações, esse conhecimento pode ser apropriado pelos currículos de licenciatura (JOHNSON, 1996, p. 47) na configuração de uma formação crítica e democrática (FREIRE, 2003b). Dentro dessa perspectiva, este trabalho procura avaliar em que medida uma prática de interferência colaborativa pode contribuir para qualificar o processo formativo lingüístico-pedagógico do professor de inglês pré e em serviço. Para tanto, procuramos inicialmente investigar o perfil do aluno de Letras e as concepções de linguagem, ensino e aprendizagem que constrói em diferentes pontos de sua trajetória universitária. Em seguida, um grupo focal (duas professoras em pré e uma em serviço) foi estabelecido no sentido de desenvolvermos uma prática de interferência colaborativa que, em última instância, pudesse gerar a reflexão acerca das concepções de aprendizagem, da prática pedagógica e das identidades construídas ao longo do programa de estágio curricular supervisionado, vivenciado pelo grupo, em uma escola pública. As ações reflexivas e a análise dos discursos produzidos no decorrer delas são ancoradas teoricamente pela pesquisa de interferência colaborativa (MAGALHÃES & FIDALGO, 2008; MAGALHÃES, 2004), pela Análise Crítica do Discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003, 1989) e pela perspectiva sociocultural de aprendizagem (VYGOTSKY, 2001, 1995). A análise do discurso das participantes mostrou que, por meio da prática de interferência colaborativa, puderam desenvolver uma metaconsciência acerca da concepção behaviorista que subsidiou seu discurso e sua prática pedagógica no início do processo reflexivo, bem como dar os primeiros passos na configuração de uma perspectiva de aprendizagem sociocultural (conceitos e prática pedagógica). Essa reconfiguração teve impacto não somente no modo como vivenciaram suas ações em sala de aula, mas igualmente na constituição de suas identidades como professoras de inglês, uma vez que gradualmente personificam, em sala de aula, papéis sociais que demandam uma postura crítica e socialmente situada em relação a si mesmas e a seus alunos. Ao final do processo de investigação, apontam a importância de o professor estar inserido em um processo reflexivo crítico e continuado, assumindo sua parcela de responsabilidade na configuração desse processo.