Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cold'
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MARCHI, Paolo. "Ribosomal Subunits Synthesis and Assembly in Cold-Shocked and Cold-Adapted Escherichia coli cells." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11581/401904.
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To ensure the correct assembly of ribosomal subunits, ribosomal RNA (rRNA)and ribosomal protein (r-protein) synthesis must be highly coordinated. In this work we have analyzed the in vivo synthesis of r-RNA and its ncorporation into ribosomal subunits of Escherichia coli cells following cold-stress and during cold-acclimation. Our results show that rRNA synthesis does not stop after the abrupt downshift of temperature but its rate of ynthesis is dramatically reduced in the early acclimation phase. In the late acclimation phase the rate of rRNA transcription increases again to a level which is compatible with cell growth and division at low temperature. After cold-shock all seven rrn operons present in E. coli were found to be active but they were found to contribute differently to ribosome assembly. Furthermore, the P1 and P2 tandem promoters of each rRNA operon proved to be differently affected by temperature downshift. Overall the present data indicate that the contribution of each rrn operon to ribosome assembly depends upon the environmental and growth conditions. Under normal conditions of growth, correct ribosomal subunit assembly requires that ribosomal (r) proteins and RNA are synthesized in a highly coordinated temporal and stoichiometric manner. In this work we demonstrate that the coordination between r-protein and rRNA synthesis is lost in cells subjected to cold shock since following this stress, synthesis of r-proteins continues at a faster rate than rRNA transcription. Furthermore, it has been observed that some r-proteins of the small subunit (i.e. S3, S5 and S7), all located in the head of the subunit, are posttranslationally modified only during cellular response to cold stress and that these modified proteins are not present in polysomal ribosomes. Thus, these modified r-proteins seem to define an ntermediate step in small subunit assembly following cold shock.
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Wrigley, Paul J. "Cold thermal processing in the spinal cord." Connect to full text, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1619.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2007.Title from title screen (viewed May 1, 2007). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Kolling Institute of Medical Research. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.
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Estrada, John Karl 1970. "Cold trapped positrons and progress to cold antihydrogen." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16797.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-122).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
A new physical mechanism for positron accumulation is explained and demonstrated. Strongly magnetized Rydberg positronium is formed and then ionized, allowing us to trap equal numbers of either positrons or electrons over a wide range of conditions. Antiprotons are trapped, cooled, and stacked from the new Antiproton Decelerator facility for the first time. Combining positrons and antiprotons, we have demonstrated the first positron cooling of antiprotons. The cooling takes place in a 4.2 K, nested Penning trap where conditions are ideal for the eventual goal of the formation of antihydrogen.
by John Karl Estrada.
Ph.D.
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Travis, John S. (John Stephen). "Hot and cold : the press and cold fusion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37168.
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Backman, Clas. "Cold finger." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Klinisk fysiologi, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-101296.
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Post Traumatic Cold Intolerance is the most common, and often the most prominent disabilityfrom hand trauma. The discomfort caused by cold is believed to be linked to a dysfunction o f thedigital vasoregulation, but its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Cold induced vasospasm, i.e.the pathologically increased reactivity o f the digital vessels to cold, is commonly found in handsthat have sustained trauma, especially with damage to vascular and neural structures. This thesis is based upon a series o f clinical and laboratory studies on cold induced vasospasm andcold intolerance in 35 patients treated for digital amputation. The replanted digit was used as astudy model, since it represents a body part which at the moment o f reconstruction is devoid o f allinnervation. Replantations were performed according to two different principles o f vascularreconstruction; using long or short vessel grafts. Finger Systolic Pressure (FSP) was used as aparameter o f digital vasoregulation at different temperatures, and cold intolerance was assessedusing a logarithmic rating scale (Borg). Non-injured fingers and amputation stumps were used ascontrols. Clinical and laboratory investigations were performed at different intervals from oneweek to three years after the reconstruction. During the first two weeks following replantation, whole body cold exposure, or cooling o f thereplanted part to 10°C, did not cause serious spasm in the replanted vessels. Follow upinvestigations demonstrated that a cold related vasospastic tendency is established inapproximately 60% o f the replanted parts within one year after trauma. The once establishedpathologic vasoregulation, is unlikely to normalize spontaneously. Whether a cold related arterialspasticity will develop in the replanted digit or not, is not related to the surgeon's choice o ftechnique for vascular reconstruction. Cold related arterial spasticity was more common inamputation stumps than in replanted digits, Our findings suggest that there is a pathologicalreaction to cold in the distal palm vessels but the nature o f this disturbance is not clear. All patients developed some degree o f Post Traumatic Cold Intolerance. Approximately 60% o fthe patients stated that some improvement took place, but none o f the patients was free o f coldintolerance 1-7 years after the injury. Patients with a pathological cold induced vasospasm is likelyto present with severe cold intolerance, which indicates that the vasospasm is involved as one o fthe causes o f Post Traumatic Cold Intolerance.S. 1-48: sammanfattning, s. 51-110: 5 uppsatser
digitalisering@umu
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Villeneuve, Susan A. (Susan Ann) Carleton University Dissertation History. "Cold actions, cold methods, cold war: Canadian foreign policy and the Prague coup of 1948." Ottawa, 1995.
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Oldham, James Martin. "Combination of a cold ion and cold molecular source." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ef33adcb-609a-4329-b4d8-aca8a1c48661.
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This thesis describes the combination of two sources of cold atomic or molecular species which can be used to study a wide range of ion-molecule reactions. The challenges in forming these species and in determining the fate of reactive events are explored throughout. Reactions occur in a volume within a radio-frequency ion trap, in which ions have previously been cooled to sub-Kelvin temperatures. Ions are laser-cooled, with migration of ions slowed sufficiently to form a quasi-crystalline spheroidal structure, deemed a Coulomb crystal. Fluorescence emitted as a consequence of laser-cooling is detected; the subsequent fluorescence profiles are used to determine the number of ions in the crystal and, in combination with complementary simulations, the temperature of these ions. Motion imparted by trapping fields can be substantial and simulations are required to accurately determine collision energies. A beam of decelerated molecules is aimed at this stationary ion target. An ammonia seeded molecular beam enters a Stark decelerator, based on the original design of Meijer and co-workers. The decelerator uses time-varying electric fields to remove kinetic energy from the molecules, which exit at speeds down to 35 m/s. A fast-opening shutter and focussing elements are subsequently used to maximise the decelerated flux in the reaction volume while minimising undecelerated molecule transmission. Substantial fluxes of decelerated ammonia are obtained with narrow velocity distributions to provide a suitable source of reactant molecules. Combination of these two techniques permits studies of reactions between atomic ions and decelerated molecules that can be entirely state-specific. Changes in the Coulomb crystal fluorescence profile denote changes in the ion identities, the rate of these changes can be used to obtain rate constants. Determination of rate constants is even possible despite the fact that neither reactant nor product ions are directly observed. This work has studied reactions between sympathetically cooled Xe+ ions and guided ND3 and has obtained data consistent with prior studies. Determination of reactive events is complicated if ion identities can change without affecting the fluorescence profile, or if multiple reaction channels are possible. A range of spectroscopic techniques are discussed and considered in regards to determining rate constants and product identities. Pulsed axial excitation of trapped ions can follow rapid changes in average ion weights and subtle changes for small crystals. Time-of-flight mass spectrometry is also demonstrated using the trapping electrodes and is suitable for discrimination of ions formed within the trap.
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Kulakova, Ljudmila Borisovna. "Studies of Cold-active Enzymes from Cold-adapted Microorganisms." Kyoto University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181053.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第8424号
農博第1108号
新制||農||799(附属図書館)
学位論文||H12||N3381(農学部図書室)
UT51-2000-F328
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授 江﨑 信芳, 教授 清水 昌, 教授 加藤 暢夫
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Dansereau, Kari Ann. "The role of plant water deficits on cold tolerance during cold acclimation of a cold tolerant (Poncirus trifoliata) and cold sensitive (Citrus unshiu) species." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Theses/Dansereau_Kari_17.pdf.
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Stack, Jacob Oliver. "An ultra-cold lithium source for investigating cold dipolar gases." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534993.
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Tranberg, Anders. "Cold electroweak baryogenesis." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/72982.
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Brown, David E., and Elizabeth Makings. "Cold Temperate Grasslands." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622029.
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Cho, Chia-Hui. "Acid tolerance in Escherichia coli O157, H7 following cold shock treatment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57527.pdf.
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Ramey, Christopher Shane. "Post-transcriptional adaptation of Escherichia coli during the cold shock response." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1464111681&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Bellavia, Steven Robert. "Building Cold War Warriors: Socialization of the Final Cold War Generation." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu152293636915038.
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Lokuge, Meepa A. "Tissue Culture, Genetic Transformation and Cold Tolerance Mechanisms in Cold-Hardy Palms." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1165607767.
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Suarez, Gabriela P. "The Last Cold Winter." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3273.
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The Last Cold Winter is a historical novel that takes place in Romania at the end of the 1989 Communist Revolution. George Bird, a naturalized American citizen, returns with his thirty-year-old son, Adrian, to the country they had defected from twenty-eight-years earlier. George Bird is dying of lung cancer, and he wishes to see his parents and his country one last time. The trip quickly turns into a nightmare when he is kidnapped the first day back. Adrian, who doesn’t speak Romanian, must now meet the kidnapper’s demand for a list he knows nothing about in order to save his father. With the help of a hotel clerk, Simona, they travel to Transylvania to uncover his father’s troubled past. In the end, the journey helps Adrian understand the circumstances that had influenced his father’s decision to defect, and his need to atone for them now.
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Bray, M. J. "Laser-assisted cold spray." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596878.
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The aim of this research project was to develop a laser-assisted cold spray (LCS) system capable of applying well adhered, fully dense metal coatings to flat surfaces without melting the powder or substrate. It was necessary for the LCS process to retain the advantages of cold spray (CS) – namely solid state deposition and high build rate, but reduce operating costs by eliminating the gas heater and replacing helium with nitrogen as the process gas. Optimum deposition conditions were investigated and the deposits characterised in order to form comparisons with other spraying techniques and to identify the bonding process. Several objectives were set at the beginning of the project to define a possible route to developing a successful spraying technique. The project started with a literature review to gain an understanding of current spraying and cladding technologies, and coating properties that were sought after and achieved. A basic rig was designed and constructed to carry out proof of principle trials. The rig was then redesigned for better process capability, control, and data acquisition. A process optimisation study was carried out to identify key variables that needed to be controlled, and their effect on deposition. The process was found to be sensitive to deposition site temperature and particle velocity, and process parameters that affect these – such as laser power, gas pressure, traverse rate and powder feed rate. Materials analysis was carried out on samples produced using LCS under various conditions and compared to coatings produced using other spray techniques. By analysing single-particle impacts and coatings, and relating deposition conditions to existing theory, a deposition mechanism unique to LCS was proposed.
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Rekarte, Cowie Iona. "Cold acclimation in Arabidopsis." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246616.
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Pattison, James Adrian. "Cold gas dynamic manufacturing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612812.
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Redzuan, Norizah. "Cold plasma air decontamination." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2286/.
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Cold Plasma Discharges offer wide decontamination scenarios relevant to environmental, food and drink or clean room applications. The option to operate the discharge system in atmospheric or sub-atmospheric condition provides an opportunity to investigate a lowcost and simple system design. UV to NIR (200nm to 700nm) can be emitted by pulsed cold plasma discharge systems that operate at atmospheric pressure. Different wavelengths emitted from the discharge depend on the pressure and the type of gas mix used in the systems. The scope of the work involved in this research was to design and develop a prototype cold plasma system for air at atmospheric pressure. The prototype was used for air decontamination by passing seeded and unseeded air between the electrodes gap. Modelling of the discharge and pulse forming network circuit systems was carried out in MultiSim to investigate the circuit characteristic. The components values ie: capacitors, stray inductors and resistors in the model system are interchangeable which enabled simulation of individual component effects on the output pulse shape and magnitude. The optimum component properties from the modelling were used as a guide to designing the system. The main discharge system contained a pair of Chang Uniform Field Electrodes which were manufactured in-house, and provided a discharge area of 1.0cm x 60.0 cm. The discharge volume is varied depending on the gap between of the anode and cathode. Preionisation was achieved via trigger wire, built within the discharge system. This promotes the ionisation of the gas in between the electrodes in enhancing uniform discharge characteristics. Different types of electrodes were made from aluminium with the discharge size 300mm x 200mm, laser marked and unmarked surface were also used in the system in order to obtain wider discharge surface and reduce manufacturing costs.
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Zhao, Yongkai. "Cold atoms and molecules." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2688.
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The ability to cool and trap atoms has revolutionized atomic and ultra-cold physics. Molecular physics is currently undergoing a similar transformation. This thesis aims to research a general cooling method that will be applicable to wide range of molecular and atomic species and other particles. We studied the dynamics of molecules in optical fields, focusing in particular on exploring the molecular self-organisation phenomena in optical cavities to cool molecular ensembles to sub-mK temperatures. Firstly, the general model of cavity cooling from atoms to molecules and the dynamics of a particle in a single cavity mode were discussed. We extended the existing cooling scheme for two-level atoms to an ensemble of multi-level molecules. Then we studied the spatial dynamics of molecules in the new parameter conditions, focusing in particular on exploring the molecular self-organisation phenomena in optical cavities to cool molecular ensembles to sub-mK temperatures. The scheme complements well with our present experimental work on the deceleration and focusing of cold molecules and can extend our present capability to simultaneously cool and trap a large cold molecular ensemble. For simulation of a large ensemble of molecules, we proposed a new statistical model based on the Boltzmann equation beside the traditional discrete model and studied two solution methods. The comparison of the theory and numerical simulations between discrete model and statistical model showed a good agreement, which validated this new model. We then explored the scaling laws with a view to the self-organization and cooling of a large ensemble of species. We studied the cooling of a CN molecular cloud of the density 1013/cm3, with an initial temperature at 10 mK in an optical cavity. We found that more than a third of the molecules are stably trapped by the intracavity field and the final temperature is below 1mK. We discussed the scaling laws in the case when a large ensemble of species is involved. Finally we argue that cavity cooling using a far off-resonant laser source can be a general cooling method that is applicable to any particles and studied the probability and conditions.
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Bailey, Anne Markham. "Cold stone, white lily." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009m/bailey.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009.Additional advisors: Daniel Anderson, Mary Flowers Braswell, Diane Wakoski. Description based on contents viewed June 4, 2009; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-60).
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Simon, Bart. "Post-closure cold fusion and the survival of a research community : an hauntology for the technoscientific afterlife /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9917956.
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Qiu, Pei. "Stress-strain behaviour of cold-worded materials in cold-formed stainless steel sections." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2493011.
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Hall, Matthew J. "Cold Warriors in the Sunbelt: Southern Baptists and the Cold War, 1947-1989." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/17.
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Cold Warriors in the Sunbelt studies the ways in which the Cold War experience shaped the attitudes, values, and beliefs of white evangelicals in the South. It argues that for Southern Baptists in particular—the region’s most dominant religious majority—the Cold War provided a cohesive and unifying fabric that informed the world views Southern Baptists constructed, shaping how they interpreted everything from global communism, the black freedom movement, the Vietnam War, and controversies regarding the family and gender. This dissertation further contends that the Cold War experience, and the formative influence it had over several decades, laid the groundwork for the political realignment of the South, gradually entrenching Southern Baptists within the Republican Party.
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Blondin, Denis. "Thermogenesis and Fuel Selection During Cold Exposure: Tissue-Specific Metabolism and Cold-Acclimation." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31066.
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The focus of this thesis was to further elucidate the tissues and metabolic processes contributing to heat production during cold exposure, examine the interaction between the primary thermogenic organs and investigate the plasticity of these processes following a cold-acclimation protocol. The manuscripts contained within the thesis describe how this was accomplished. First, we began by examining the role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in producing heat in adult humans. Prior to 2009, this tissue was considered metabolically irrelevant following infancy. However, our first manuscript showed that in fact this tissue can contribute to metabolic heat production during cold exposure but to an extent that varies from person to person, with some individuals relying predominantly on BAT to produce heat whereas others relied on shivering muscles. We then proceeded to examine the interaction and contribution of these two tissues in producing heat and clearing circulating substrates, such as glucose and fatty acids. In the process we also investigated the energy storing and dissipation relationship between white and brown adipose tissue. There were suggestions in the literature that perhaps the mechanisms that lead to white adipose tissue dysfunctions in obese and diabetic individuals may be shared with brown adipose tissue, explaining the apparent scarcity of this tissue in those populations. What was clear in this second manuscript, was that such a relationship is very plausible but, in addition, the thermogenic and substrate handling potential of skeletal muscle far exceeds the capacity from BAT and may be a more viable target to assist in the treatment of these metabolic diseases. The two final manuscripts focused on describing the potential for both BAT and skeletal muscle to change its phenotype in response to four weeks of daily cold exposure. The first of these two manuscripts investigated the plasticity of BAT and its subsequent effect on shivering and whole body energy metabolism, when exposed to a temperature that is slightly warmer than the temperature participants were acclimatized. Although BAT increased in volume and oxidative metabolism, its potential to alter whole body responses were not evident. Consequently, we explored the possibility that perhaps a colder thermal challenge was required in order to provoke the necessary response that demonstrates the thermogenic potential of this tissue. In this final manuscript, we found that even at colder temperatures, shivering intensity remained the same after a four week cold acclimation intervention, but that simply its onset and the skin temperature threshold to trigger detectable levels of shivering were shifted later in the acute cold exposure period. Interestingly, by taking muscle biopsy samples during these colder thermal challenges, we were able to identify that skeletal muscle had also altered its phenotype over the four weeks, by reducing the cold-induced mitochondrial uncoupling that was apparent in the non-acclimated participants. This suggested that perhaps the simultaneous changes that occurred in BAT and skeletal muscle were neutralized when examining whole-body measurements, which resulted in no detectable changes in whole body heat production following a four-week cold acclimation. What we discovered in the end was that, indeed, BAT is thermogenically relevant in adult humans and under mild cold conditions its thermogenic contribution compared to shivering muscles varies tremendously between individuals. Further, both BAT and skeletal muscle demonstrated tremendous plasticity as a result of daily cold exposure. However, what was also clear is that both the contribution of BAT thermogenesis to whole body heat production and the ability to clear circulating substrates is quite limited when compared to skeletal muscle. Combined, the findings from this thesis provided indications that BAT may play a more local thermoregulatory role and perhaps clear circulating substrates sufficiently to manage small amounts of substrates in circulation, but unlikely to be sufficiently potent to reverse the effects of diabetes and obesity, where excessive levels of substrates are present.
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Shin, Yunchang. "Studies in neutron phase space cooling for cold and ultra-cold neutron sources." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337262.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Physics, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 28, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-12, Section: B, page: 7573. Adviser: Michael Snow.
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Cunningham, Susan J. Grabill Joseph L. "Teaching the cold war using a comparative approach." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1991. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9219082.
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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1991.Title from title page screen, viewed December 22, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Joseph Grabill (chair), Lawrence McBride, Edward Schapsmeier, Jamal Nassar, Gerlof Homan. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 164-179) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Muller, Matthew D. "The influence of interval vs. continuous exercise on thermoregulation, torso hemodynamics, and finger dexterity in the cold (5°C)." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1255294775.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed April 14, 2010). Advisor: Ellen Glickman. Keywords: cold; exercise; dexterity; temperature; blood flow; homeostasis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-98).
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Lukoševičiūtė, Vanda. "Characterization of cold acclimation and cold hardiness of strawberry in vitro and in vivo." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20140102_150125-57160.
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Cold hardiness and resistance in winter are key factors determining the geographical distribution of plants. In addition, these factors have a huge impact on harvest of cultural plants. Strawberries, which are among the most important berry plants in the world and in Lithuania, are vulnerable to cold because of unstable snow cover, which is more and more often occurring during variable wintering conditions. Insufficient resistance of strawberries in winter, absence of clear criteria, which enable to select the most resistant varieties during a shorter time than the few year period, impedes the development and introduction of new, adaptive, fertile, and of high-quality berries strawberry cultivars.
The mechanisms of cold hardiness were intensively investigated using model plants. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the genetic regulation mechanisms of winterhardiness of cultural plants.
For the selection of resistant to cold plants, the knowledge about plants cold acclimation and factors determining cold resistance and controlling genes is necessary. Investigating the plants under controlled conditions in vitro, it is possible to investigate the influence of individual factors on acclimation and cold hardiness by disassociating from the influence of many different factors, which is unavoidable under natural conditions.
The cold acclimation and cold hardiness of strawberries are important not only for breeding. Preservation of plant genetic resources for future... [to full text]Atsparumas šalčiui ir ištvermingumas žiemą – pagrindiniai veiksniai, lemiantys augalų geografinį pasiskirstymą. Be to, šie veiksniai turi didžiulę įtaką kultūrinių augalų derlingumui. Braškės, kurios yra tarp svarbiausių uoginių augalų pasaulyje ir Lietuvoje, stipriai pašąla esant nepastoviai sniego dangai, vis dažniau pasitaikančiomis permainingomis žiemojimo sąlygomis. Nepakankamas braškių ištvermingumas žiemą, aiškių kriterijų, kurie leistų per trumpesnį nei kelių metų laikotarpį atrinkti ištvermingas veisles nebuvimas, apsunkina naujų, adaptyvių, derlingų, kokybiškomis uogomis, braškių veislių sukūrimą ir introdukciją. Atsparumo šalčiui mechanizmai intensyviai tirti naudojant modelinius augalus, tačiau žinių apie žiemojančių kultūrinių augalų, kurių įvairovė labai didelė, ištvermingumo žiemą mechanizmus ir jo genetinį reguliavimą labai trūksta. Atsparių šalčiui augalų atrankai vykdyti reikalingos žinios apie augalų užsigrūdinimą, apie atsparumą šalčiui lemiančius veiksnius ir juos kontroliuojančius genus. Tiriant augalus kontroliuojamomis sąlygomis in vitro, galima ištirti atskirų veiksnių įtaką užsigrūdinimui ir atsparumui šalčiui, atsiribojant nuo, neišvengiamo natūraliomis sąlygomis, daugelio įvairių veiksnių poveikio. Braškių užsigrūdinimas ir atsparumas šalčiui svarbūs ne vien tik atrankai. Genetinių išteklių išsaugojimas ateities kartoms - svarbus šiuolaikinės biologijos uždavinys. Didelių kolekcijų išsaugojimą palengvina ir sąnaudas sumažina, augalų laikymas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Hermann, Inge. "Cold War heritage (and) tourism : exploring heritage processes within Cold War sites in Britain." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/326057.
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For most of the second half of the 20th century the world's political map was divided by the Cold War, a name given to the 40-year long standoff between the superpowers - the Unites States and the USSR - and their allies. Due to its geographical location and alliance with the United States, Britain was at the 'frontline' of the Cold War. As a response to increasing tensions, the British Government made arrangements by building hundreds of military sites and structures, which were often dismantled or abandoned as the technology on which they relied became rapidly ineffective. Nowadays, there is a growing (academic) recognition of Cold War sites and their new or contemporary uses, including as heritage attractions within a tourism context. This study has brought forward a constructionist approach as to investigate how heritage works as a cultural and social practice that constructs and regulates a range of values and ideologies about what constitutes Cold War heritage (and) tourism in Britain. It has done this by, firstly, exploring the dominant and professional 'authorised heritage discourse', which aims to construct mutually, agreed and shared concepts about the phenomenon of 'Cold War heritage' within a tourism context. The study identified a network of actors, values, policies and discourses that centred on the concept of 'Cold War heritage' at selected sites through which a 'material reality' of the past is constructed. Although various opposing viewpoints were identified, the actors effectively seem to privilege and naturalise certain narratives of cultural and social meanings and values through tourism of what constitutes Cold War heritage and the ways it should be manifested through material and natural places, sites and objects within society. Differences were particularly noticeable in the values, uses and meanings of Cold iii Cold War heritage (and) tourism War heritage within the contemporary context of heritage management in Britain. For some, the sites were connected with a personal 'past', a place to commemorate, celebrate or learn from the past. For others, the sites were a source of income, a tourism asset, or contrary, a financial burden as the sites were not 'old enough' or 'aesthetically pleasing' to be regarded as a monument to be preserved as heritage. Subsequently, the study also explored the (disempowered) role of visitors to the sites as passive receivers, leaving little room for individual reflections on the wider social and cultural processes of Cold War heritage. Although, most visitors believed that the stewardship and professional view of the Cold War representations at the sites should not directly be contested, this study has illustrated the idea that what makes places valuable and gives them meaning as heritage sites is not solely based on contemporary practices by a dominant heritage discourse. Despite the visitors' support for the sole ownership by site managers, and the selective representations of the Cold War and events, they did question or negotiate the idea of 'heritage' as a physical and sole subject of management practices. Despite having little prior knowledge about the Cold War era or events, by pressing the borders of the authorised parameters of 'Cold War heritage', visitors actively constructed their experiences as being, or becoming, part of their personal and collective moments of 'heritage'. By inscribing (new) memories and meaning into their identity, and therefore also changing the nature of that identity, they reflected upon the past, present and future, (some more critically than others). To conclude, understanding these discursive meanings of Cold War heritage (and) tourism, and the ways in which ideas about Cold War heritage are constructed, negotiated and contested within and between discourses also contributes to understandings about the philosophical, historical, conceptual and political barriers that exist in identifying and engaging with different forms of heritage.
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Vasina, Jess A. "Expression of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli under the transcriptional control of the cold-shock inducible cspA promoter /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9866.
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Ludwig, Chris. "In the cold, quiet dark /." View online, 2010. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131575050.pdf.
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Robertson, Margaret. "Derby, Kansas : cold war boomtown." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4120.
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Cora, Omer Necati. "Friction Analysis In Cold Forging." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605674/index.pdf.
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Friction is one of the important parameters in metal forming processes since it affects metal flow in the die, forming load, strain distribution, tool and die life, surface quality of the product etc. The range of coefficient of friction in different metal forming applications is not well known and the factors affecting variation are ambiguous. Commercially available FEA packages input the coefficient of friction as constant among the whole process which is not a realistic approach.
In this study, utility of user-subroutines is integrated into MSC SuperForm v.2004 and MSC Marc v.2003 FEA packages, to apply a variable coefficient of friction depending on the contact interface conditions. Instead of using comparatively simple friction models such as Coulomb, Shear (constant) models, friction models proposed by Wanheim-Bay and Levanov were used to simulate some cold forging operations. The FEA results are compared with the experimental results available in literature for cylinder upsetting. Results show that, large variation on the coefficient of friction is possible depending on the friction model used, the part geometry and the ratio of contact normal pressure to equivalent yield stress. For the ratio of contact normal pressure to equivalent yield stress values above 4, coefficient of friction values are approximately same for both friction models.
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Suzuki, Kiyoshi. "Cold Ischemic Damage to Bone." Thesis, Thieme Medical Publishers, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16724.
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Lehmuskallio, E. (Eero). "Cold protecting emollients and frostbite." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2001. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514259882.
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Abstract
Frostbite of the face and ears is a common problem in cold winters. Application of an emollient on the face is a
traditional way to prevent frostbite in Finland. The preliminary results of an epidemiological study on frostbite in
Finnish conscripts unexpectedly showed that the use of cold protecting emollients increased the risk of facial
frostbite. This finding motivated studies on the effects and use of cold protecting emollients.
830 male Finnish conscripts answered a questionnaire concerning the use of cold protecting emollients,
subjective experience of using them in cold and cumulative incidence of frostbite in the ears and face. Risk factors of
frostbite were investigated in a prospective epidemiological study including 913 Finnish conscripts needing medical
attention for frostbite of the ears or face and their 2478 matched, uninjured controls.
Thermal properties of four different emollients were studied in vitro with a skin
model and in vivo in experimental cold exposures of test persons. Test emollient was applied on one
half of the face, as the other half acted as control. The skin temperatures of the face-halves were compared
symmetrically by thermistors and infrared thermography. Subjective sensation of thermal half-difference was also
registered.
21% of the conscripts had used emollients in the cold, a majority with an experience of protection. 47% of
the conscripts had had frostbite in the head (42% in the ears and 23% on the face). There was a statistically
significant correlation between the use of emollients and the incidence of facial frostbite in both epidemiological
studies. Applying protective emollients formed an independent risk factor for frostbite of the cheeks, nose and ear
lobes (odds ratios 3.3-5.6).
The thermal insulation of test emollients on the skin model was minimal. On living skin, the applied half was somewhat
cooler in a majority of comparisons. However, white petrolatum gave often a subjective perception of a warming effect.
False sensation of safety may form the principal cause for the increased risk of frostbite associated with the use of
emollients. When the warning symptoms of cold are weak, necessary protective measures are not carried out.
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Skrinjar, Olle. "Cold compaction of composite powders." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-417.
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Trachy, Marc Lawrence. "Photoassociative ionization in cold rubidium." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/695.
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Morad, Antoni, and Faruk Travancic. "Control for Cold Rolling Mills." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-97924.
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This report contains the details in a final research thesis work done rolling mill technology. The work is carried out at Heat Transfer located at Finspång. The main objective of this work is to evaluate thickness and flatness data from the profile to give an optimal start value for the pressure and force applied on the machine and the speed as well, so that the profiles produced, have the right thickness and best possible flatness. Thickness, start value for power, the degree of bending the profiles are set up and sent down to the control system. The report starts with a theory part describing the heating and cooling during process for aluminium profiles. A practical part describes experiments conducted on the rolling mill process under various conditions. The thesis work shows that the quality can be improved by rolling the slab in Aluminium industry by executing band tests and analysing graphs as 3-sigma, outward thickness and 3Dgraphs and its flatness.Den här rapporten avser ett examensarbete som har utförts inom valsteknik. Examensarbetet genomfördes på Sapa Finspång Heat Transfer. Syftet med arbetet var att utvärdera tjockleksdata och planhetsdata, dvs. att ge högsta optimala startvärdet för valskraften för att komma fort i rätt tjocklek och ge bästa möjliga planhet. Tjockleken, startvalskraften, startkraft valsböjningen är de set up-värden som skickas ner till reglersystemet. Rapporten inleds med en teoridel som beskriver varm- och kallvalsning av aluminium och en praktisk del som bygger på olika valsningsförsök. Exsamensarbetet visar att det går att öka kvaliteten på valsämnet vid valsning inom aluminiumindustrin genom att utföra bandtester och analysera grafer som 3-sigma, utgående tjocklek samt 3D-grafer och dess planhet.
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SahaguÌn, SaÌnchez Daniel. "Cold atoms trapped near surfaces." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441957.
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El-Alfy, Sadek E. "Hydraulic mining in cold regions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270485.
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Millen, James. "A cold strontium Rydberg gas." Thesis, Durham University, 2011. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/849/.
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Cold gases of Rydberg atoms are an ideal system in which to study the novel effects of strong interatomic interactions. This thesis describes the design and construction of the world's first experiment to study Rydberg states in a cold gas of an alkaline earth metal, in this particular case strontium. We have studied a wide range of Rydberg states, and have developed a sensitive ``step-scan" spectroscopic technique that detects the spontaneous ionization of the Rydberg gas. The step-scan method is used to acquire Stark maps, and these measurements verify a single-electron model for calculating dipole matrix-elements. From the matrix-elements, interaction strengths between strontium Rydberg atoms have been calculated for the first time. The presence of two valence electrons in an alkaline earth metal, such as strontium, offers a new angle on the study of Rydberg atoms. We create doubly excited ``autoionizing" states, the first such study in a cold gas. Autoionization is used as a high yield probe of Rydberg states, and enables a study of excitation dynamics with nanosecond time-resolution. We show that autoionization can quantitatively identify and elucidate state mixing in the Rydberg gas, and probe population transfer at the very onset of ultra-cold plasma formation.
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Crook, S. J. "The cold extrusion of chocolate." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598171.
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The objective of this thesis was to gain an understanding of the cold extrusion of chocolate, both physically and mathematically. This was achieved by quantifying the effect of pertinent process variables upon the pressure difference across a die as a chocolate flowed through it. Changes in the chocolate's cross-sectional area were found to have a large effect upon the extrusion pressure, whereas increases in its flowrate did not. It was also observed that the pressure on cessation of extrusion remained at a finite value. In addition, the boundary condition during cold extrusion was directly visualised and it was concluded that slip was occurring at the wall. This slippage was quantified by a low Coulomb friction coefficient. Therefore, it was concluded that during cold extrusion chocolate was deforming as a near-perfect plastic material. This characteristic allowed the successful use of a relatively simple theory to model the extrusion of chocolate through axisymmetric dies. The extension of this modelling by finite element techniques was investigated with the use of a commercial code (ABAQUS/Standard). The pressure difference across a die was found to be very sensitive to the temperature of the chocolate. The relationship between the pressure and the reciprocal of the temperature was fitted with a straight line. This relationship was extended to other chocolate compositions by scaling the chocolate's temperature by its nominal melting point. Across most of the flowrate range studied the flow pressure difference was either independent of, or increased slightly with, increases in the flowrate. However, at low flowrates and temperatures, the flow pressure was seen to decrease on increasing the flowrate. For dies with long capillaries, extruding in this region resulted in a flow instability. This instability showed a stick-spurt extrudate motion which was accompanied by large pressure oscillations, from which the chocolate's compressibility was calculated to be approximately the same as for some common polymers. The instability was successfully modelled by the combination of two simultaneous differential equations and a non-monotonic pressure-flowrate curve.
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Scott, Robin George. "Cold atoms in optical lattices." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10010/.
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This thesis describes the behaviour of cold atoms in optical lattices. In particular, it explores how transport through the energy bands of the optical lattice can be used to study quantum chaos and Bose-Einstein condensation. Firstly, this study examines the dynamics of ultra-cold sodium atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice and a three-dimensional harmonic trap, using both semi-classical and quantum-mechanical analyses. The atoms show mixed stable-chaotic classical dynamics, which originate from the intrinsically quantum-mechanical nature of the energy band. The quantised energy levels exhibit Gutzwiller fluctuations, and the wavefunctions are scarred by an unstable periodic orbit. Distinct types of wavefunction are identified and related directly to particular parts of the classical phase space via a Wigner function analysis. Secondly, this report studies the dynamics of a rubidium Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional optical lattice and three-dimensional harmonic trap. The condensates are set in motion by displacing the trap and initially follow simple semi-classical paths, shaped by the lowest energy band. Above a critical displacement, the condensate undergoes Bragg reflection, and performs Bloch oscillations. After multiple Bragg reflections, solitons and vortices form which damp the centre-of-mass motion. Finally, the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices are investigated for different parameter regimes, as realised in recent experiments. The results reveal how the experiments can be understood, and identify regimes in which vortices trigger explosive expansion of the condensate.
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Torabi-Goudar, Firuz Andreas. "Techniques for cold atom manipulation." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288735.
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Jones, Benjamin J. P. "Sterile neutrinos in cold climates." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101327.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 313-339).
Measurements of neutrino oscillations at short baselines contain an intriguing set of experimental anomalies that may be suggestive of new physics such as the existence of sterile neutrinos. This three-part thesis presents research directed towards understanding these anomalies and searching for sterile neutrino oscillations. Part I contains a theoretical discussion of neutrino coherence properties. The open-quantum-system picture of neutrino beams, which allows a rigorous prediction of coherence distances for accelerator neutrinos, is presented. Validity of the standard treatment of active and sterile neutrino oscillations at short baselines is verified and non-standard coherence loss effects at longer baselines are predicted. Part II concerns liquid argon detector development for the MicroBooNE experiment, which will search for short-baseline oscillations in the Booster Neutrino Beam at Fermilab. Topics include characterization and installation of the MicroBooNE optical system; test-stand measurements of liquid argon optical properties with dissolved impurities; optimization of wavelength-shifting coatings for liquid argon scintillation light detection; testing and deployment of high-voltage surge arrestors to protect TPC field cages; and software development for optical and TPC simulation and reconstruction. Part III presents a search for sterile neutrinos using the IceCube neutrino telescope, which has collected a large sample of atmospheric-neutrino-induced events in the 1-10 TeV energy range. Sterile neutrinos would modify the detected neutrino flux shape via MSW-resonant oscillations. Following a careful treatment of systematic uncertainties in the sample, no evidence for MSW-resonant oscillations is observed, and exclusion limits on 3+1 model parameter space are derived. Under the mixing assumptions made, the 90% confidence level exclusion limit extends to ... , and the LSND and MiniBooNE allowed regions are excluded at >99% confidence level.
by Benjamin J.P. Jones.
Ph. D.
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Oktel, Mehmet Özgür 1974. "Optical excitations in cold gases." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8276.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-96).
In this thesis, we study the effects of interparticle interactions on the optical spectrum of cold gases. We first consider homogenous gas in the weak excitation regime and find that the optical spectrum of a system of Bosons is highly sensitive to interactions. We find that optical excitations, at temperatures low enough for the thermal de Broglie wavelength to be larger than the scattering length, become collective modes. We study collective affects in the optical spectrum both above and below Bose-Einstein condensation, and show that the spectrum acquires a doublet structure when the condensate forms. We present a detailed theory of spectral shift and an estimate of some of the broadening effects. We derive a sum rule for the average frequency shift of an optical spectrum and investigate the basic conservation laws and symmetries of the system lying at the basis of this sum rule. We also compare the sum rule for the optical spectrum with the f-sum rule for the density-density correlation function. Finally we derive a transport equation for the optical modes in a dilute Bose system, which allows us to study the non-linear response to the excitation field. We map the problem onto the dynamics of two interacting anisotropic spins, and calculate the precession frequencies exactly both below and above Bose condensation. We demonstrate a relation between Rabi oscillations and internal Josephson oscillations, and find that an analogue of the internal Josephson effect exists in a non-condensed system.
(cont.) We also derive the transport equation for a dilute Fermi system and find that the dependence of the precession frequencies on interparticle interactions is very weak for fermions.
by Mehmet Özgür Oktel.
Ph.D.
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Yakzan, Mounir, and Jordan Nelson. "E-Commerce cold chain fulfillment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99820.
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Thesis: M. Eng. in Logistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-73).
A challenging part of E-Commerce for perishable consumer packaged goods (PCPG) is the fulfillment. Given the fragile nature of the items shipped, they require a low cost, effective cold chain fulfillment method so as to keep integrity, ensure speed at an affordable low cost for the end consumer. Our research, in partnership with one of the big PCPG items, addressed four aspects of the fulfillment process: Shipments routing, return process, competitive research and packaging techniques. Through a research process, we looked at shipment routing techniques for network optimization and density solutions, return process through different nodes in the supply chain, competitive research looking E-Commerce websites that sell PCPG products and comparing each of them to understand their underlying pricing methods and looked at current packaging techniques, current available and future technologies in packaging. We scored each of the aspects based on three KPIs, speed, quality and cost; we put forth several combinations that focused on each KPI by itself and aimed at maximizing speed or quality or minimizing cost. This research serves to direct focus based on the KPI desired on the aspects that help optimize said KPI and can be generalized to other E-Commerce products requiring cold chain delivery.
by Mounir Yakzan and Jordan Nelson.
M. Eng. in Logistics