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Relevant bibliographies by topics / COLD TRAPS

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Academic literature on the topic 'COLD TRAPS'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "COLD TRAPS"

1

Maddox, John. "Towards traps for cold molecules." Nature 375, no. 6532 (June 1995): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/375531a0.

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Hagman, Anders, and Sven Jacobsson. "Trapping efficiency of capillary cold traps." Journal of Chromatography A 448 (January 1988): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(01)84570-2.

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DeMille, D., D. R. Glenn, and J. Petricka. "Microwave traps for cold polar molecules." European Physical Journal D 31, no. 2 (November 2004): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2004-00163-6.

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Sinclair, C. D. J., J. A. Retter, E. A. Curtis, B. V. Hall, I. Llorente Garcia, S. Eriksson, B. E. Sauer, and E. A. Hinds. "Cold atoms in videotape micro-traps." European Physical Journal D 35, no. 1 (June 14, 2005): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2005-00088-6.

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Peterson, I. "Cold Traps for Ion Crystals, Solid Plasmas." Science News 135, no. 18 (May 6, 1989): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3973621.

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Kuzmin, Leonid. "Superconducting cold-electron bolometer with proximity traps." Microelectronic Engineering 69, no. 2-4 (September 2003): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-9317(03)00314-9.

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Bauerecker, S., and B. Neidhart. "Cold Gas Traps for Ice Particle Formation." Science 282, no. 5397 (December 18, 1998): 2211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.282.5397.2211.

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Diry, Fabienne, Michael Mestre, Bruno Viaris de Lesegno, and Laurence Pruvost. "Cold atoms in holographically shaped optical traps." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 194, no. 12 (November 1, 2009): 122010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/194/12/122010.

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Carruba, V. "Lunar Cold Traps: Effects of Double Shielding." Icarus 142, no. 2 (December 1999): 402–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/icar.1999.6192.

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Härter, A., and J. Hecker Denschlag. "Cold atom–ion experiments in hybrid traps." Contemporary Physics 55, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00107514.2013.854618.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "COLD TRAPS"

1

Cooper, Catherine J. "Laser cooling and trapping of atoms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308685.

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Burrows, Kathryn Alice. "Non-adiabatic losses from radio frequency dressed cold atom traps." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/61380/.

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Cold atom traps are a promising tool for investigating and manipulating atomic behaviour. Radio frequency (RF) dressed cold atom traps allow high versatility of trapping potentials, which is important for potential applications, particularly in atom interferometry. This thesis investigates non-adiabatic spin flip transitions which can lead to losses of atoms from RF-dressed cold atom traps. We develop two models for the adiabatic potentials associated with RF-dressed traps, for the cases in which gravity does and doesn't have a significant effect. Within these two models we use first order perturbation theory to calculate decay rates for the number of dressed spin flip transitions per unit time. Our obtained decay rates are dependent on the atomic energy. For RF-dressed cold atom traps in which spin flip transitions lead to losses of atoms from the trap, we are able to predict ow non-adiabatic transitions decrease the trapped atom number. We achieve this by modelling the atomic distribution of energies for several different scenarios. The thesis concludes with a comparison to experimental data, including modelling how atomic energies are affected by noise in the currents generating the trapping magnetic fields.

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Morsch, Oliver. "Optical lattices for ultra-cold atoms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301174.

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Ivanov, Vladyslav Victorovych. "Cold atoms modified radiative properties and evaporative cooling from optical traps /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/47332.

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Deb, Amita. "Theoretical and experimental studies on ultra-cold atoms in optical traps." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600174.

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This thesis describes a number of theoretical and experimental studies on the production, manipulation and detection of ultra-cold atoms in arrays of optical traps, i. e. optical lattices for applications such as direct quantum simulation of many-body systems and quantum information processing. A method of deterministically preparing a single atom in each site of an optical lattice is explored and the parameter regime that would be required to implement this protocol in experiments is investigated. A novel method of state-selective spatial transfer of atoms between neighbouring sites of a lattice using an intermediate trap is reported and the experimental parameters worked out. The theory of off-resonant light scattering from atoms in an optical lattice is explored. The possibility of using the far- field intensity distribution and t he frequency spectrum of the light scattered from atoms in an optical lattice for performing thermometry of atoms and for identifying quantum fluctuations in the system are investigated for cases of non-interacting fermions and weakly-interacting bosons. A spatial filtering method for detecting a small number of classical defects in an optical lattice is investigated. Experiments on trapping and manipulating Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of 8 1Rb atoms in dynamically configurable t raps created using spatial light modulators are discussed. The construction of a new magnetic trap for trapping and magnetically transporting atoms and the experimental stages subsequently leading to the production of BECs are reported.

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Sand, Karl Jakob. "On the Design and Simulation of Electromagnetic Traps and Guides for Ultra-Cold Matter." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11733.

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The objective of this thesis is the design and simulation of new electromagnetic traps and guides for ultra-cold matter. The traps and guides are intended for future experiments with small amounts of alkali atoms to study the quantum-mechanical effects of condensation and coupling between trapped drops of cold matter. The main results are with the development and simulation of new wire traps and guides based on the dressing effect realised in strong DC magnetic and RF fields of certain frequencies. Some designs are proposed using only trapping by the DC magnetic field. The principal methodology used in the thesis is to first develop the necessary theory and design formulas to make an initial design, followed by analytical and numerical simulation of the effective trapping potential. This may be followed by optimization of the geometry and the DC driving currents to enhance the trapping performance of the structure. A wire carrying both DC and RF currents is surrounded by a cylindrical minimum potential manifold and can be used as a guide for cold atoms. Bias rings are necessary around the wire to avoid a potential minimum of zero and to move the resulting circular potential minimum up and down along the wire. The minimum potential surfaces around two crossed or two parallel wires touch each other for certain critical values of the DC currents in the two wires. The DC currents must be in opposite directions in two parallel wires. Equations are derived in Chapter 2 for the distance to the circular minimum potential manifold for a single wire, for two crossed wires and for two parallel wires. It is then explained how prospective cold atom transfer between two crossed wires can be achieved by changing the magnitudes of the RF currents in the bias rings around the wires. Electrically controlled atom transfer between two parallel wires does not seem to be practical. A four-wire cell trap made from two crossing pairs of parallel wires has been designed and optimized using a simple Matlab script. It can be used to trap both strong- and weak-field-seeking atoms and may possibly be used to study collision and entanglement between the two types of atoms. With only DC excitation the trap becomes a trap for weak-field-seeking atoms. It then unfortunately has a potential minimum of zero at its centre. A similar 3 x 3 wire dual-well trap has also been designed and optimized in Matlab. It is prospective for the study of entanglement of BEC matter placed in the two wells. A quite low potential barrier in the direction normal to the wireplanes when the two wells are merged could however entail that the trap is inadequate for this purpose or that additional bias fields are necessary. Several multi-wire cell-grids that may find use as part of a quantum register are also described. The cell-grids can be stacked in threedimensions and can trap both strong- and weak-field-seeking atoms. The optimization, also here performed in Matlab, showed weaknesses due to a lack of complexity. A different and better optimization technique is most likely necessary to improve the optimization further. Scaling to micrometre and nanometre size is demonstrated in Chapter 3. When scaling to micrometre size thermally induced spin-flip transitions should be considered. Scaling to nanometre size demands that both thermally induced spin-flips and the effect of the Casimir-Polder force must be taken into account. The effect of the Casimir-Polder force is minimized by the use of carbon nanotubes as conductors. The minimum feasible trapping distance is expected to be no less than 100 nm from the surface of a carbon nanotube. A four micro-wire cell and a 3 x 3 micro-wire structure, both adapted for future realization on a micro-machined substrate, are given as examples of micrometre size structures. Several nanometre size structures are also demonstrated. It is shown that prospective atom transfer between two crossed nanotubes can be done essentially in the same way as for two crossed wires. A four-nanotube cell and several nanotube cell-grids are also exemplified. The depth of the trapping potential is found to be proportional to the RF frequency. If the RF frequency is increased then the DC current level must also increase to maintain the same DC current to angular frequency ratio. The depth of the trap is accordingly also proportional to the DC current level in the conductors. The depth of the trap is thus ultimately limited by the maximum conductor current. A quadrupolar trap similar to the well known Ioffe-Pritchard trap is studied in Chapter 4 with combined DC and RF current excitation of the bias rings. A non-uniform potential minimum is found around the local maximum at the centre of the trap, but this does not prevent the trap from being used to trap weak-field-seeking atoms. The potential maximum at the centre of the quadrupolar trap is more than sufficient for trapping strongfield- seeking atoms. The quadrupolar trap can therefore be used to trap both strong- and weak-field-seeking atoms if the DC bar currents are large enough. Simulations also indicate that the bias rings can be placed relatively closely together to compress clouds of cold atoms into successively smaller traps. As the gap distances become very small the B-field becomes very strong between the bias rings and there is a risk of dielectric breakdown. A metallic cylinder atom guide consisting of a cylinder with a small hole and an external wire is described analytically in Chapter 5 and simulation results from Amperes are compared favourably with the results of calculations in Matlab. It is found that there can only be a B-field zero at the centre of the hole in the cylinder when there is a second field zero further inside the cylinder. The barrier between the two field zeros typically increases in width with increasing cylinder radius and in height with decreasing cylinder radius for a given cylinder current (DC). The smallest cylinder had the highest barrier between the field zeros, but also required the highest DC current in the external wire. Bias rings around the guide must be centred on the hole in the cylinder and the DC ring currents and the spacing between the bias rings must be scaled by the same factor as the ring radius to maintain the same shape and height of the trapping potential along the centre of the hole. The cylinder guide looks promising as a hermetic guide for cold matter. Bias rings are required both to pump atoms along the guide and to remove the zero in the B-field inside the hole.
An attachment is added containing 7 animated applications/zip which are described in the thesis

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De, Palatis Michael V. "Production of cold barium monohalide ions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50251.

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Ion traps are an incredibly versatile tool which have many applications throughout the physical sciences, including such diverse topics as mass spectrometry, precision frequency metrology, tests of fundamental physics, and quantum computing. In this thesis, experiments are presented which involve trapping and measuring properties of Th³⁺. Th³⁺ ions are of unique interest in part because they are a promising platform for studying an unusually low-lying nuclear transition in the 229Th nucleus which could eventually be used as an exceptional optical clock. Here, experiments to measure electronic lifetimes of Th³⁺ are described. A second experimental topic explores the production of sympathetically cooled molecular ions. The study of cold molecular ions has a number of applications, some of which include spectroscopy to aid the study of astrophysical objects, precision tests of quantum electrodynamics predictions, and the study of chemical reactions in the quantum regime. The experiments presented here involve the production of barium monohalide ions, BaX⁺ (X = F, Cl, Br). This type of molecular ion proves to be particularly promising for cooling to the rovibrational ground state. The method used for producing BaX⁺ ions involves reactions between cold, trapped Ba⁺ ions and neutral gas phase reactants at room temperature. The Ba⁺ ion reaction experiments presented in this thesis characterize these reactions for producing Coulomb crystals composed of laser cooled Ba⁺ ions and sympathetically cooled BaX⁺ ions.

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Sanguinetti, Stefano. "ATOMIC PARITY VIOLATION IN HEAVY ALKALIS: Detection by Stimulated Emission for Cesium and Traps for Cold Francium." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006785.

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Le travail présenté porte sur les progrès récents d'expériences de spectroscopie atomique sur césium et francium, visant à des mesures précises de violation de parité (PV) dans ces atomes. Dans le cadre d'une “thèse en cotutelle”, le candidat s'est consacré d'une part aux mesures PV préliminaires (8% de précision) de l'actuelle expérience Cs au LKB à Paris, et d'autre part à la préparation d'un échantillon d'atomes radioactifs de Fr (production et piégeage) aux LNL (INFN) en Italie. Ces deux expériences sont à des stades très différents. Les mesures présentées pour le Cs s'inscrivent en fait dans la lignée d'un travail commencé en 1991, pour la détection de PV par émission stimulée. L'expérience italienne est par contre à ses débuts: pour pouvoir sonder les propriétés du Fr, instable, il faut d'abord produire et rassembler un nombre suffisant d'atomes. La conception de montages PV qui ont démontré leur validité sur le césium constitue une solide base de départ pour le cas du francium.

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Kim, Soo Y. "Cold single atoms for cavity QED experiments." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26581.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Chapman, Michael; Committee Member: Citrin, David; Committee Member: Kennedy, T. A. Brian; Committee Member: Kuzmich, Alexander; Committee Member: Raman, Chandra. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Halkyard, Paul Lee. "Dynamics in cold atomic gases : resonant behaviour of the quantum delta-kicked accelerator and Bose-Einstein condensates in ring traps." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/529/.

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In this thesis, the dynamics of cold, trapped atomic gases are investigated, and the prospects for exploiting their nonlinear dynamics for inertial sensing are discussed. In the first part, the resonant and antiresonant dynamics of the atom-optical quantum delta-kicked accelerator with an initial symmetric momentum distribution are considered. The system is modelled as an ideal, non-interacting atomic gas, with a temperature-dependence governed by the width of the initial momentum distribution. The existence of resonant and antiresonant behaviour is established, and analytic expressions describing the dynamics of momentum moments of the time-evolved momentum distribution are derived. In particular, the momentum moment dynamics in both the resonant and antiresonant regimes depend strongly on the width of the initial momentum distribution. The resonant dynamics of all even-ordered momentum moments are shown to exhibit a power-law growth with an exponent given by the order of the moment in the zero-temperature regime, whereas for a broad, thermal initial momentum distribution the exponent is reduced by one. The cross-over in the intermediate regime is also examined, and a characteristic time is determined up to which the system exhibits dynamics associated with the zero-temperature regime. A similar analysis is made for the temperature-dependence of the antiresonant dynamics. This general behaviour is demonstrated explicitly by considering a Maxwell-Boltzmann and uniform momentum distribution, allowing exact expressions describing the dynamics of the second- and fourth-order momentum moments, and momentum cumulants, to be obtained. The relevance of these results to the potential of using this system in accurate determinations of the local gravitational acceleration is discussed. In the second part, the dynamics of one- and two-component Bose-Einstein Condensates prepared in a counter-rotating superposition of flows in a quasi-1D toroidal trap are studied. Particular attention is paid to the dynamical stability of the initial state in the presence of atom-atom interactions, included via a mean-field description within the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. A broad regime of dynamical stability using a two-component BEC is identified, in which a typical implementation using Rb-87 is predicted to lie. A proof-of-principle Sagnac atom-interferometer using a two-component Rb-87 BEC is then presented, and the accumulation of the Sagnac phase is shown to be possible via relative population measurement or, alternatively, through the continuous monitoring the precession of atomic density fringes. In contrast to conventional Sagnac interferometers, the accumulation of the Sagnac phase is independent of the enclosed area of the interferometer. The prospects of using this system for high-precision determinations of rotation is discussed.

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Books on the topic "COLD TRAPS"

1

McClintock, William. Coca-Cola trays. 2nd ed. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub., 2000.

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McClintock, William. Coca-Cola trays. Atglen, Pa: Schiffer Pub., 1996.

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H, Beyer Chris, ed. Classic Coca-Cola serving trays. Dubuque, Iowa: Antique Trader Books, 1998.

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Brothers, G. Effect of mesh size and shape on the selectivity of cod traps. St. John's, Nfld: Fisheries Development Division, Fisheries and Habitat Management, Newfoundland Region, 1991.

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The democracy trap: The perils of the post-Cold War world. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Dutton, 1991.

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DeBuys, William Eno. River of traps: A village life. [Albuquerque, NM]: University of New Mexico Press in association with the Center for Documentary Studies at Duke University, 1990.

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Leatherman, Stephen P. Cape Cod field trips: From yesterday's glaciers to today's beaches. College Park, Md: Laboratory for Coastal Research, University of Maryland, 1988.

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DeBuys, William Eno. River of traps: A New Mexico mountain life. San Antonio: Trinity University Press, 2007.

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1949-, Harris Alex, ed. River of traps: A New Mexico mountain life. San Antonio: Trinity University Press, 2007.

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Z, Stephens Monique, and Cardona Jose Maria ill, eds. The Little Engine that Could goes on a class trip. New York, NY: Platt & Munk, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "COLD TRAPS"

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Reimann, J., R. Kirchner, M. Pfeff, and D. Rackel. "Hydrogen Removal from Nak with Mesh-Packed and Meshless Cold Traps." In Liquid Metal Systems, 233–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1977-5_25.

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Dunne, Stephen R. "Fast Numerical Solution to Adsorption Column Dynamics with Application to Enthalpy Recovery Wheels and Cold Start Hydrocarbon Traps." In The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, 269–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1375-5_32.

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Versolato, O. O., M. Schwarz, A. Windberger, J. Ullrich, P. O. Schmidt, M. Drewsen, and J. R. Crespo López-Urrutia. "Cold highly charged ions in a cryogenic Paul trap." In SSP 2012, 189–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6485-9_25.

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Andrén-Sandberg, Fredrik. "How Could Countries Reap the Benefits of the Decommoditisation Trend." In Commodities Pricing and the Bulk Trap, 105–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72468-3_8.

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Fackler, Katharina M. "(Trans-)National Hunger: Cold War Famine Iconographies in the United States." In The Aesthetics and Politics of Global Hunger, 205–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47485-4_9.

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Eisenmann, Christine, Johannes Gruber, Mascha Brost, Amelie Ewert, Sylvia Stieler, and Katja Gicklhorn. "Fields of Applications and Transport-Related Potentials of Small Electric Vehicles in Germany." In Small Electric Vehicles, 127–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65843-4_10.

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AbstractThe possible applications of small electric vehicles, i.e., electric cargo bikes and three- and four-wheeled L-class vehicles in transport, are discussed, and potential business models are presented. Moreover, transport-related potentials are analyzed. Therefore, we have utilized a multi-method approach: we conducted qualitative interviews with experts and professionals in the field of light and small electric vehicles and carried out quantitative analyses with the national household travel survey mobility in Germany 2017. Our results show that, theoretically, small electric vehicles could be used for 20–50% of private trips (depending on the model). On these trips, however, they would not only replace car trips, but also trips on public transport or by bicycle and on foot. In commercial transport, these vehicles are particularly suitable for service trips and some last-mile deliveries. If small electric vehicles were to replace a significant share of the transport volumes of motorized passenger and commercial transport, they could contribute to climate protection.

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van der Burg, Martijn. "Subprefects: (Trans)Regional Tools of Integration?" In Napoleonic Governance in the Netherlands and Northwest Germany, 123–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66658-3_6.

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AbstractThis chapter examines the Napoleonic subprefects who have been in office in the Netherlands and Northwest Germany. Within the prefectoral system, these sous-préfets were the highest officials at arrondissement (disctrict) level. Activities of subprefects, somewhat neglected by historians, give insight into how French tried to rally the locals, and how this affected the daily functioning of the Empire. Discussed are subprefects’ sociocultural backgrounds, imperial careers, and perception of Napoleonic governance. Subprefects had to balance national, local, and personal interest. Integration at district level was hard when the letter of the administrative legislation and the precise instructions from above were rigidly adhered to. Subprefects traveling the Empire linked events in the Netherlands and Northwest Germany to developments elsewhere, promoting integration into the Empire. Circulation patterns reflect different ideas on the required level of integration. It is argued that the figure of the subprefect was a potential ‘tool of integration’. That subprefects were close to the ground could contributed to the effectiveness of Napoleonic governance. But subprefects also coped with demanding prefects, and interference of other agents of the central state. Reversely, unwilling subprefects were in a position to hinder the integration process.

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Lien, Jon, Wayne Barney, Sean Todd, Rosie Seton, and John Guzzwell. "Effects of Adding Sounds to Cod Traps on the Probability of Collisions by Humpback Whales." In Marine Mammal Sensory Systems, 701–8. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3406-8_43.

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Altman, Karel. "„Volte své jedy!“ K problematice vztahu trampské subkultury k alkoholu a krčemnému prostředí." In Filosofie jako životní cesta, 192–209. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9458-2019-15.

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Although the need to compensate life in the rush and buzz of the city made its numerous inhabitants seek quiet recreation outdoors, some of them sought recreation as well as excitement, whose source were adventures inspired by their ideas of the Wild West. In the past century, its heroes, real or fictional, have become the symbols of the bearers of a distinctive and unique subculture called tramping, popular exclusively in Czechia (and partly Slovakia). In spite of the unique lifestyle, tramps could not do outdoors without refreshment, food and drink, which were provided by taverns and pubs in villages and secluded places near their campsites. Those businesses that proved successful and effective from the perspective of our tramps and men of prairies became known as tramp taverns. It was mainly there, especially during various excesses, that their god, Pajda, had to stand by them.

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Singh, Michael. "Urban Education Across the Post-colonial, Post-Cold War South Pacific: Changes in the Trans-national Order of Theorising." In Second International Handbook of Urban Education, 913–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40317-5_49.

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Conference papers on the topic "COLD TRAPS"

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Hochmuth, John K., Patrick L. Burk, Cesar Tolentino, and Michael J. Mignano. "Hydrocarbon Traps for Controlling Cold Start Emissions." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/930739.

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Wang, Charles H. T., Robert Bingham, J. Tito Mendonça, Padma K. Shukla, José Tito Mendonça, Bengt Eliasson, and David Resedes. "Probing spacetime fluctuations using cold atom traps." In INTERNATIONAL TOPICAL CONFERENCE ON PLASMA SCIENCE: Strongly Coupled Ultra-Cold and Quantum Plasmas. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3679598.

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Davidson, Nir. "Dark optical traps for ultra-cold atoms." In 19th Congress of the International Commission for Optics: Optics for the Quality of Life, edited by Giancarlo C. Righini and Anna Consortini. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.525477.

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Tempone-Wiltshire, S., S. Johnstone, P. Starkey, and K. Helmerson. "High efficiency holographic optical traps for cold atoms." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2015.fth1c.7.

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Yurovsky, Vladimir, and Abraham Ben-Reuven. "Incomplete optical shielding in cold sodium atom traps." In The 13th international conference on spectral line shapes. AIP, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.51786.

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Mole, Chris, Mike Paulin, and Amy Sturge. "Best Practice in Arctic Development Concept Selection—How to Avoid the Traps." In 10th International Symposium on Cold Regions Development. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412978.033.

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Raithel, Georg. "Rydberg atom gases and cold plasmas in cryogenic traps." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2003.wqq2.

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Fatemi, Fredrik K., Spencer E. Olson, Mark Bashkansky, Zachary Dutton, and Matthew Terraciano. "Single-beam, dark toroidal optical traps for cold atoms." In Integrated Optoelectronic Devices 2007, edited by David L. Andrews, Enrique J. Galvez, and Gerard Nienhuis. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.701078.

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Pohl, T., H. R. Sadeghpour, Yasuyuki Kanai, and Yasunori Yamazaki. "Formation of Antihydrogen Rydberg atoms in strong magnetic field traps." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON COLD ANTIMATTER PLASMAS AND APPLICATION TO FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2977838.

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Grabowski, A., and T. Pfau. "A lattice of magneto-optical and magnetic traps for cold atoms." In 2003 European Quantum Electronics Conference. EQEC 2003 (IEEE Cat No.03TH8665). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eqec.2003.1314131.

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Reports on the topic "COLD TRAPS"

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Crookston, M. B., P. M. Baker, and M. P. Robinson. A Microchip Ring Trap for Cold Atoms. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440211.

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Raithel, Georg. Interactions of Cold Rydberg Atoms in a High-Magnetic-Field Atom Trap - Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015766.

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Edenborn, Harry M., James I. Sams, and Steven Kite. Thermal Regime of a Cold Air Trap in Central Pennsylvania, USA: the Trough Creek Ice Mine. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1062037.

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Cannon, Mariah, and Pauline Oosterhoff. Bonded: Life Stories from Agricultural Communities in South-Eastern Nepal. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2021.003.

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In the Terai region of South-Eastern Nepal, there persists a form of agricultural bonded labour called Harwa-Charwa, rooted in agricultural feudal social relations. The Terai has a long and dynamic political history with limited employment opportunities and high levels of migration. This paper is an external qualitative analysis of over 150 life stories from individuals living in an area with high levels of bonded labour. These stories were previously analysed during a workshop through a collective participatory analysis. Both the participatory analysis and external analysis found similar mechanisms that trap people in poverty and bonded labour. The disaggregation by age in the external analysis could explain why child marriage and child labour were very important in the collective analysis but did not match the results of a baseline survey in the same geographical area that found only a few cases. The respondents were aged between 15 and 65. Child marriage and child labour had shaped the lives of the adults but have since decreased. Methodologically, the different ways of analysis diverge in their ability to differentiate timelines. The participatory analysis gives historical insights on pathways into child labour, but although some of the social norms persist this situation has changed.

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Niles, John S., and J. M. Pogodzinski. Steps to Supplement Park-and-Ride Public Transit Access with Ride-and-Ride Shuttles. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1950.

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Public transit ridership in California declined in the five years before the pandemic of 2020–21 and dropped significantly further after the pandemic began. A sharp downward step in the level of transit boarding occurred after February 2020, and continues to the date of this report as a result of the public-health guidance on social distancing, expanded work-at-home, and a travel mode shift from public transit to private cars. A critical issue has come to the foreground of public transportation policy, namely, how to increase the quality and geographic reach of transit service to better serve the essential trips of mobility disadvantaged citizens who do not have access to private vehicle travel. The research focus of this report is an examination of the circumstances where fixed route bus route service could cost-effectively be replaced by on-demand microtransit, with equivalent overall zone-level efficiency and a higher quality of complete trip service. Research methods were reviews of documented agency experience, execution of simple simulations, and sketch-level analysis of 2019 performance reported in the National Transit Database. Available evidence is encouraging and suggestive, but not conclusive. The research found that substitutions of flexible microtransit for fixed route buses are already being piloted across the U.S., with promising performance results. The findings imply that action steps could be taken in California to expand and refine an emphasis on general purpose microtransit in corridors and zones with a relatively high fraction of potential travelers who are mobility disadvantaged, and where traditional bus routes are capturing fewer than 15 boardings per vehicle hour. To be sufficiently productive as fixed route replacements, microtransit service technologies in the same or larger zones need to be capable of achieving vehicle boardings of five per hour, a challenge worth addressing with technology applications. Delivery of microtransit service can be undertaken through contracts with a growing set of private sector firms, which are developing processes to merge general purpose customers with those now assigned to ADA-required paratransit and Medi-Cal-supported non-emergency medical transport.

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Self-testing for HIV could increase diagnoses in the trans community. National Institute for Health Research, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/alert_47508.

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