Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coke

Academic literature on the topic 'Coke'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Coke"

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Zambrano, Naydu P., Liseth J. Duarte, Juan Carlos Poveda-Jaramillo, Hector J. Picón, Fernando Martínez Ortega, and Martha Eugenia Niño-Gómez. "Delayed Coker Coke Characterization: Correlation between Process Conditions, Coke Composition, and Morphology." Energy & Fuels 32, no. 3 (December 19, 2017): 2722–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b02788.

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Qin, Yuelin, Qingfeng Ling, Wenchao He, Jinglan Hu, and Xin Li. "Metallurgical Coke Combustion with Different Reactivity under Nonisothermal Conditions: A Kinetic Study." Materials 15, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030987.

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The combustion characteristics and kinetics of high- and low-reactivity metallurgical cokes in an air atmosphere were studied by thermogravimetric instrument. The Coats–Redfern, FWO, and Vyazovkin integral methods were used to analyze the kinetics of the cokes, and the kinetic parameters of high- and low-reactivity metallurgical cokes were compared. The results show that the heating rate affected the comprehensive combustion index and combustion reaction temperature range of the cokes. The ignition temperature, burnout temperature, combustion characteristics, and maximum weight-loss rate of low-reactivity coke (L-Coke) were better than high-reactivity coke (H-Coke). Low-reactivity coke had better thermal stability and combustion characteristics. At the same time, it was calculated via three kinetic analysis methods that the combustion activation energy gradually decreased with the progress of the reaction. The coke combustion activation energy calculated by the Coats–Redfern method was larger than the coke combustion activation energy calculated by the FWO and Vyazovkin methods, but the laws were consistent. The activation energy of L-Coke was about 4~8 kJ/mol more than that of H-Coke.
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Meng, Qingbo, Fanyu Meng, Li Zhan, Xiuli Xu, Jianglong Yu, and Qi Wang. "Attempts to replace nut coke with semi-coke for blast furnace ironmaking." Metallurgical Research & Technology 118, no. 3 (2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2021026.

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Low coke rate for blast furnace operation has been required in response to the rising cost of coking coals. To extend the utilisation of coal resources, semi-coke has been introduced to blast furnace ironmaking process in recent years, however, there are still many issues unclear about the effect of semi-coke on ironmaking process. In this study, the possibilities of using semi-coke as alternative fuel for nut coke were studied. The characteristics of semi-coke including mechanical strength, high-temperature strength/reactivity, carbon gasification as well as direct reduction were studied and compared with small size metallurgical cokes (nut cokes). The results showed that semi-coke has higher CRI values, especially at higher temperatures and in a mix-charging pattern. Semi-coke was found to have a higher gasification reaction rate and depleted at lower temperatures. The reduction results showed that with participating of semi-coke the reaction starts at lower temperatures. In addition, the study suggested that semi-coke exhibits the advantages of low ash and sulphur contents, although it has lower mechanical strength, it would protect the lump coke by shifting the carbon gasification to itself, therefore, mixing semi-coke would benefit the blast furnace operation and lower the coke rate.
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Wu, Ji, Cai Liang, Xiushi Gan, Minghui Xie, Zhe Jiang, Zhenxing Zhao, and Xu Wang. "Study on deterioration behavior of coke during gasification." Metallurgical Research & Technology 120, no. 6 (2023): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023078.

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The reaction temperature and time on the carbon loss of coke during CO2 gasification were studied. The results showed that there were significant correlations among the reactivity, pulverization rate, and wear resistance. The degree of variation in pulverization rate and wear resistance revealed that coke reactivity changed dramatically as reaction temperature rose. The temperature was also the key factor for coke graphitization. The evolution of the inorganic minerals and pore wall microstructure was investigated after coke gasification. The migration and accumulation of inorganic minerals, such as mullite, calcium ferrite, and iron oxide in coke, were discovered to catalyze the deterioration of the coke pore wall, resulting in the coke powder formation. The graphitization degree of the skin layer was greater than that of the core after high-temperature reactions, which accelerated skin layer separation from the core.
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Sun, Zhang, Jiawei Han, Yang Sun, Minghui Dou, Rui Guo, and Yinghua Liang. "Effect of Ca/Fe additives on the serial reactions of coke and sinter with CO2." Metallurgical Research & Technology 120, no. 2 (2023): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023005.

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To investigate the effect of Ca/Fe additives on the coke-sinter serial reaction with CO2, the serial reactions of the high-reactivity cokes with Ca/Fe additives and sinter were studied. The results showed that the Ca/Fe additives promote the coupling degree of sinter-coke serial reaction. The reduction degree of sinter has a linear correlation with the carbon loss ratio of coke, and the intercept (b) and slope (k) obtained from the fitting linear function are used to characterize the serial reaction. The intercept (b) increases with the carbon loss ratio of coke derived from CRI, which indicated that b value can represent the intrinsic ability of coke to reduce oxygen atom in iron ore. The slope (k) decreases with the increase of carbon loss ratio of coke, and k value can characterize the matching degree of the sinter-coke serial reaction. Also, the Ca/Fe additives lower the OTI index of cokes, and the solution-loss reactions are easy to take place on the surface of the high-reactivity cokes. The Ca additive has more effect on the large pore evolution of coke structures during reaction than the Fe additive. Therefore, the Ca additive has more catalytic activity than the Fe additive, and the high-reactivity coke should be mixed with the high-reducibility ore to get higher efficiency of blast furnace.
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Yan, Ruijun, Zhenggen Liu, Mansheng Chu, and Peijun Liu. "Behaviors and kinetics of non-isothermal gasification reaction of cokes with different reactivity." Metallurgical Research & Technology 119, no. 6 (2022): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2022089.

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Due to the great difference of coke properties used in blast furnaces, how to reasonably evaluate coke has become a hotspot. In this study, the non-isothermal gasification behaviors and kinetics of cokes with different reactivity are studied, which provides theoretical basis for reasonable coke evaluation. The coke reactivity index of coke A, B and C are 24.75%, 30.80% and 41.25%, respectively. The FWO method is used to calculate the kinetic parameters. The results show that coke reactivity has little influence on gasification reaction starting temperature at lower heating rate. The starting temperature decrease gradually with coke reactivity at higher heating rate. Under the same conditions, the alkali index and microcrystalline structure of cokes can better characterize the coke reactivity. The gasification mechanism does not change with coke reactivity. The reaction is divided into two stages. In the early stage, the average apparent activation energy E of coke powder A, B and C are 211.52 kJ/mol, 214.96 kJ/mol 208.99 kJ/mol, respectively. The optimal mechanism models are all F model, in which the integral form is G(α) = (1–α)−1–1. In the later stage, the average E of coke powder A, B and C are 226.89 kJ/mol, 207.53 kJ/mol and 192.12 kJ/mol, respectively. The optimal models are all A1 model, in which the integral form is G(α) = –ln(1–α).
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Silva, A. C., C. McGreavy, and M. F. Sugaya. "Coke bed structure in a delayed coker." Carbon 38, no. 15 (2000): 2061–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-6223(00)00059-2.

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Amamoto, Kazuma. "Coke strength development in the coke oven." Fuel 76, no. 1 (January 1997): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-2361(96)00179-2.

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Ghosh, B., B. K. Sahoo, O. S. Niyogi, B. Chakraborty, K. K. Manjhi, T. K. Das, and S. K. Das. "Coke Structure Evaluation for BF Coke Making." International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization 38, no. 6 (July 10, 2017): 321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392699.2017.1340883.

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Burmistrz, Piotr, Andrzej Rozwadowski, Michał Burmistrz, and Aleksander Karcz. "Coke dust enhances coke plant wastewater treatment." Chemosphere 117 (December 2014): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.07.025.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coke"

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YALLICO, YOVANNA GISELA PALOMARES. "COMPARATIVE REACTIVITY OF COKE, COAL, CHARCOAL AND GREEN PETROLEUM COKE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19428@1.

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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
A Indústria siderúrgica, visando contribuir com a minimização das emissões de CO2, têm promovido o estudo de vários materiais carbonosos, um deles sen-do a alternativa relacionada à utilização do carvão vegetal como fonte renovável. O objetivo principal desse trabalho foi medir, em escala de laboratório, a reativi-dade ao CO2 dos materiais carbonosos, em particular o uso do carvão vegetal em comparação com o mineral, o coque metalúrgico e o coque verde de petró-leo, utilizando para tal o método de perda de peso (ASTM D5341-99). O proces-so se realizou usando briquetes de cada material, previamente cominuido a um tamanho de partícula menor que 125 m, levados a um forno tubular a uma tem-peratura de trabalho de 1100 garus Celsius, com injeção de N2 para manter uma atmosfera inerte apenas no inicio e no final dos ensaios, sob um fluxo de 0,6 Nl/min, visan-do as etapas de aquecimento e resfriamento. Utilizando como agente oxidante o CO2 durante 2h, com um fluxo de 0,9 Nl/min, todos os tipos de briquetes foram tratados na temperatura do ensaio (1100 graus Celsius). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o carvão vegetal foi o que apresentou maior reatividade e o coque verde de petróleo a menor, entre todos os materiais ensaiados, tanto para os briquetes não desvolatilizados como desvolatilizados. Quanto ao carvão mineral e o coque, eles situaram suas reatividades intermediariamente, ficando o carvão mineral com maiores valores de reatividade do que o coque, tanto no estado desvolatilizado como no não desvolatilizado.
The steel industry contributes to the minimization of emissions of CO2 promoting the study of carbonaceous materials, one of them being the charcoal, a renewable source. The main objective of this study was to measure, in a laboratory scale, selected carbonaceous materials reactivity for CO2. To perform it, charcoal was elected to be compared with coal, metallurgical coke and green petroleum coke (pet coke). The quantitative results were obtained by the method of weight loss (ASTM D5341-99). The procedure was carried out using briquettes of each material, previously grinded to a particle size smaller than 125 m, and fed to a tubular furnace at a temperature of 1100 degrees Celsius , using a N2 injection, with a stream of 0.6 Nl/min, to insure an inert atmosphere only during heating and cooling steps of the experiments. To perform the reactivity tests, CO2 was used as the species to react with the C element present at the samples composition. The tests took 2 hours, with a CO2 flow rate of 0.9 Nl/min, in a temperature of 1100 degrees Celsius. According to the results obtained, it was found that the charcoal has the higher reactivity and the green petroleum coke the less reactive. For the metallurgical coke and coal, their reactivities were intermediary between charcoal and green pet coke, being coal more reactive than coke for both, volatilized and non-volatilized samples.
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Segers, Magrieta. "Spatial variation of coke quality in the non-recovery beehive coke ovens." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02082006-154944.

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Lin, M.-F. "The formation of coke." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371919.

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Walker, Alan. "The carbon texture of metallurgical coke and its bearing on coke quality prediction." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1988. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10950.

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The carbon in metallurgical coke is composed of textural units, varying in size and shape depending on the rank of coal carbonized. These induce a characteristic texture to coke surfaces. This thesis describes a study of the bearing of this texture on coke strength, particular emphasis being placed on investigating the feasibility of using textural composition data, determined by either scanning electron microscopy (SEX) of etched surfaces or polarized-light microscopy (PLX) of polished coke surfaces, as a basis of predicting the tensile strength of cokes produced from blended-coal charges from the behaviour of individual blend components. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fractured coke surfaces revealed differences in the mode of fracture of textural components which implied variations in their contribution to coke strength. The tensile strengths of pilot-oven cokes, produced from blended-coal charges, could be related to their measured PLM textural compositions using equations derived from consideration of simple models of intergranular and transgranular fracture. The coke strengths could also be related, with greater precision, with textural data calculated from the coal blend composition and either the SEM or the PLM textural data for the cokes from the individual blend components. It was further found that the strength of blended-coal cokes were additively related to the blend composition and the tensile strengths of the single-coal cokes. Such relationships are useful, at the very least, for predicting the strength of cokes from other blends of the same coals carbonized under similar conditions. The various approaches to coke strength prediction have potential value in different situations.
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Ismail, Mohamed. "An investigation into the use of petroleum coke as a substitute for metallurgical coke." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.663253.

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Metallurgical coke is used primarily as a reducing agent for the reduction of iron in the blast furnace. Due to the high cost, high demand and reduced availability of high quality coking coals used in the production of metallurgical coke, alternative resources are being sought. One possible alternative is to use petroleum coke. Petroleum coke has the advantage of having a higher calorific value than traditional coke, at relatively low cost with a low ash content and ready availability. However the drawback to petroleum coke relates to its poor mechanical strength and reactivity. The main focus of this study was therefore to develop a process for producing petroleum coke with the required qualities for blast furnace application. In an initial series of experiments tests including proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, intrinsic reactivity test, DSC, direct tensile strength, calorific value, X-ray computed tomography, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterise a wide range of petroleum coke and compare it with metallurgical coke properties. X-ray computed tomography methodology was also used to provide 3D information on coke lumps. Results show that none of the petroleum coke samples met the full requirements needed for use as a good blast furnace coke.
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Bäck, Frida. "Influence of bio-coal ash respectively coal structure on coke production and coke quality." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Industriell miljö- och processteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-76180.

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In recent years, the consequences of global warming have increased the discussion about the climate impact caused by humans and the fossil emissions. Sweden has decided to reduce the negative climate impact with a zero vision for the fossil carbon dioxide emissions in year 2045. In order to achieve this, great efforts and changes are needed both in the inhabitants' way of living but primarily in the base industry. The major cause is the use of fossil coal, which generates fossil carbon dioxide in the steel industry in particular. The fossil coal is added to the blast furnace in the steel process in forms of coke and coal, which reduces the iron and emits heat. The quality of the coke is important as it functions reducing agent, provides a mechanical support to the bed and enables the gas flow up through the blast furnace and enables dissolution of carbon in hot metal. Also, coke supplies energy from exothermic reactions between carbon and carbon dioxide that takes part in the blast furnace and the energy are further used for the heating and melting of the cold iron pellets. Due to these factors, the blast furnace process is dependent on coke for its function, which means that the entire process must be replaced if the steel production should work without fossil coal. However, there are many studies that have been done on how to replace some of the fossil coal with bio-coal, which is produced from biomass. If some of the fossil coal could be replaced by some bio-coal, this would mean that fossil carbon dioxide emissions would decrease and lead to a reduced climate impact. The process would still generate carbon dioxide, but on the other hand, a cycle would be formed because when biomass is grown, carbon dioxide is taken up, e.g. by the trees grown for this purpose. However, bio-coal does not have the same properties as fossil coal, which in turn affects the quality of the coke. Bio-coke is more reactive and more porous than fossil coke. In order to be able to replace fossil coke with bio-coke, it is likely necessary to pre-treat the biocoal before it replaces part of the fossil coal in the coke production. Bio-coal contains ash that acts as an internal catalyst. One theory is that if it is possible to produce a bio-coal with ash-free carbon structure, it can be used in the production of coke without having such a great effect on the coke quality. In this project, the ash's impact on the properties of bio-coal in coke was studied. Previous studies have shown that leaching is an effective method for removing ash from bio-coal. It can be leached in three different ways, either with water, weak acid or acid. However, it has been found that acid leaching has a certain impact on the carbon structure itself. For this reason, two types of bio-coal, torrefied Grot (forest residue) and torrefied sawdust were selected, which were leached both with water but also with weak acid in order to achieve an ash-reduced carbon structure. The acid selected was acetic acid, as it has been tested for similar purposes in previous studies. The leaching efficiency was evaluated by analysing the leachate with ICP-OES after leaching. According to the result, a significant part of the ash had been leached out, but the leaching with weak acid was much more effective than water leaching. To ensure that the carbon structure was not altered, light-optical microscopy was made which showed that the structure was intact. However, it was not possible to determine whether the pore sizes were changed after leaching and it is therefore relevant to investigate this further. Moreover, the leached II bio-coal replaced 5% of the fossil coal in the coal mixture for coke making. In addition to this, coke was also made with only the ash from the two bio-coals to see what effect the ash has on the coke quality. The result that was obtained from the TGA showed that the ash had a low impact on the reactivity of the coke. However, the coal structure of the coke had a great impact on the reactivity behaviour. Keywords: Bio-coke, bio-coal, leaching, ash, coke quality, carbon structures, torrefied sawdust
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Eidem, Per Anders. "Electrical Resistivity of Coke Beds." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for materialteknologi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-5027.

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Khare, Mukesh K. "Dispersion of coke oven emissions." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328143.

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Minicucci, Daniele. "The impact of liquid-liquid-vapour phase behaviour on coke formation from model coke precursors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0019/MQ53343.pdf.

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Majidi, Behzad. "Discrete element method simulation of packing and rheological properties of coke and coke/pitch mixtures." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30959.

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La production mondiale d’aluminium, produit via le procédé Hall Héroult, est actuellement autour de 60000 tonnes annuellement. Ce procédé a principalement conservé le concept original développé en 1886. Les anodes de carbone précuites utlisées dans ce procédé représentent une part importante du design des cellules d’électrolyse de l’aluminium. Les anodes font partie de la réaction chimique de la réduction de l’alumine et sont consommées lors du processus d’électrolyse. De ce fait, le niveau de consommation et la qualité des anodes ont un effet direct sur la performance des alumineries dans le marché extrêmement compétitif de la production d’aluminium. Bien que le processus et le design des anodes datent de 130 ans, l’effet des propriétés des matières premières sur la qualité finale des anodes n’est pas tout à fait maîtrisé, nécessitant ainsi des recherches approfondies. Les anodes de carbone sont composées de particules de coke, de pitch et de mégots d’anodes. Le pitch à la température de mélange et de formage est un liquide. Par conséquent, le mélange est une pâte de coke et des agrégats de mégots et pitch agissant comme liant. Le comportement de l'écoulement et du compactage de ce mélange en raison de la coexistence d'une variété de paramètres physiques, chimiques et mécaniques sont des phénomènes complexes. Compte tenu de l'importance des anodes de haute qualité et de longue durée en performance et donc l'économie des cellules de réduction, sous-estimer et prédire les propriétés finales des anodes sont très importantes pour les fonderies. La modélisation numérique dans des problèmes aussi complexes peut fournir un laboratoire virtuel où les effets de différents paramètres de processus ou des matériaux sur la qualité de l'anode peuvent être étudiés sans risquer la performance du pot. Toutefois, le choix de la méthode numérique est une décision critique qui doit être prise en fonction de la physique du problème et de l'échelle géométrique des problèmes étudiés. La méthode des éléments discrets (DEM) est utilisée dans ce travail de recherche pour modéliser les deux phases de la pâte d’anode; les agrégats de coke et le brai de pétrole. Dans cette partie du travail, les modèles DEM d’agrégats de coke sont utilisés pour simuler les tests de densité en vrac vibrée des particules de coke et pour révéler les paramètres impliqués. De par sa nature, la DEM est idéale pour étudier les contacts entre particules. Les résultats de ces travaux seront ensuite utilisés pour proposer de nouvelles recettes d’agrégats secs avec une densité en vrac supérieure. La résistivité électrique de lits de particules a été mesurée expérimentalement. Les informations sur les contacts entre particules obtenues à partir des modèles numériques ont été utilisées pour expliquer la résistivité électrique de lits de particules avec différentes distribution de tailles de particules. Les résultats ont montré que lorsque le nombre de contacts par unité de volume augmente dans un échantillon, la résistivité électrique augmente aussi. La densité compactée du lit de particules a aussi une influence sur le passage de courant dans les matériaux granulaires. D’après les résultats obtenus, conserver la densité de contacts aussi basse que possible est bénéfique pour la conductivité électrique s’il n’a pas d’impact négatif sur la densité compactée. Le brai de houille est un matériau viscoélastique à température élevée. Dans ce travail, les propriétés rhéologiques du brai et de la matrice liante (brai + particules fines de coke) ont été mesurées expérimentalement en utilisant un rhéomètre à cisaillement dynamique à 135, 140 145 et 150 °C. Le modèle de Burger à quatre éléments est alors utilisé pour modéliser le comportement mécanique du brai à 150 °C. Le modèle vérifié est alors utilisé pour étudier les propriétés rhéologiques du brai et du mélange coke /brai à 150 °C. Le modèle de Burger calibré démontre une bonne prédiction des propriétés viscoélastiques du brai et de la matrice liante à différentes températures. Les résultats obtenus montrent que, considérant la physique du problème, la méthode des éléments distincts est une technique de simulation numérique adaptée pour étudier les effets des matières premières sur les propriétés mécaniques et physiques des mélanges coke /brai.
Global aluminum production now is around 60 000 metric tonnes, annually, which is produced by the Hall-Héroult process. The process has mostly kept the original concept developed in 1886. Pre-baked carbon anodes are an important part of the design of aluminum smelting cells. Anodes are part of the chemical reaction of alumina reduction and are consumed during the process. Thus, quality and properties of anodes have direct effects on the performance and economy of the aluminum production in today’s highly competitive market. Although the design of anodes goes back to 130 years ago, effects of raw materials properties on final quality of anodes still need to be investigated. Anodes are composed of granulated calcined coke, binder pitch and recycled anode butts. Pitch at temperatures of mixing and forming steps is a liquid. Hence the mixture is a paste of coke and butts aggregates with pitch acting as binder. Flow and compaction behavior of this mixture, because of the co-existence of a variety of physical, chemical and mechanical parameters are complicated phenomena. Given the importance of high quality and long lasting anodes in performance and so the economy of the reduction cells, understating and predicting the final properties of anodes are very important for smelters. Numerical modeling in such complicated problems can provide a virtual laboratory where effects of different materials or process parameters on anode quality index can be studied without risking the pot performance. However, the choice of the numerical framework is a critical decision which needs to be taken according to the physics of the problem and the geometrical scale of the investigated problems. Discrete Element Method (DEM) is used in this research work to model the anode paste. In the first step, DEM models of coke aggregates are used to simulate the vibrated bulk density test of coke particles and to reveal the parameters involved. As a micromechanical model, DEM provides a unique opportunity to investigate the particle-particle contacts. The developed DEM models of coke aggregates were then used to propose a new dry aggregates recipe exhibiting higher packing density. Packing density of coke aggregates has direct effect on the baked density of anodes. High density is a very favorable anode quality index as it has positive effects on mechanical strength, and consumption rate of anodes in the cell. Electrical resistivity of bed of particles was experimentally measured. Particle-particle contacts information obtained from numerical models were used to explain the electrical resistivity of samples with different size distribution. Results showed that the increase in the number of contacts in volume unit of a sample increases, the electrical resistivity of the particle bed. Packing density also influences the electrical current transfer in granular systems. According to the obtained results, keeping the contacts density as low as possible is beneficial for electrical conductivity if it does not have a negative effect on packing density. Pitch is a viscoelastic material at elevated temperatures. In the present work, rheological properties of pitch and binder matrix (pitch+fine coke particles) were experimentally measured using a dynamic shear rheometer at 135, 140, 145 and 150 ºC. Four-element Burger’s model is then used to model the mechanical behavior of pitch and binder matrix. The verified model is then used to investigate the rheological properties of pitch and coke/pitch mixtures at 150 ºC. Calibrated Burger’s model showed to have a good prediction of viscoelastic properties of pitch and binder matrix at different temperatures. Obtained numerical results showed that available empirical equations in the literature fail to predict the complex modulus of mixtures of pitch and coke particles. As pitch has viscoelastic response and coke particles have irregular shapes, rheology of this mixture is more complicated and needs well-tailored mathematical models. Complex modulus of pitch decreases by increasing the temperature from 135 to 150 ºC, this makes easier the coke/pitch mixtures to flow. DEM modeling showed that the mixture gets a better compaction and so lower porosity by vibro-compacting at higher temperatures. The ability of pitch to penetrate to inter-particle voids in the porous structure of bed of coke particles was also shown to be improved by temperature. Final anode structure with less porosity and so high density is favorable for its mechanical strength as well as its chemical reaction in the cell as Based on the obtained results and considering the physics of the problem, it can be said that discrete element method is an appropriate numerical simulation technique to study the effects of raw materials and the anode paste formulation on mechanical and physical properties of coke/pitch mixtures. The platform created in the course of this research effort, provides a unique opportunity to study a variety of parameters such as size distribution, shape and content of coke particles, content and rheological properties of pitch on densification of coke/pitch mixtures in vibro-compaction process. Outputs of this thesis provide a better understanding of complicated response of anode paste in the forming process.
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Books on the topic "Coke"

1

Fransen, Ad. Coke. Amsterdam: De Bezige Bij, 2005.

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Chanda, Barun. Coke. Kolkata, India: Bee Books, 2015.

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International Iron an Steel Institute. Committee on Raw Materials., ed. Western world cokemaking capacity. Brussels, Belgium: The Institute, 1989.

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Group, CONCAWE Petroleum Products, and CONCAWE Health Management Group, eds. Petroleum coke. Brussels: CONCAWE, 1993.

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Delpirou, Alain. Coca coke. Paris: Editions La Découverte, 1986.

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Price, John T. Metallurgical coals in Canada : resources, research, and utilization. Ottawa: Energy, Mines and Resource Canada, 1988.

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(Firm), J. Koenigsberg, ed. Gobiet's coke-oven: Patented December 21st, 1875, J. Koenigsberg, sole agent for the United States and Canada ... [S.l: s.n., 1986.

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Bukai, Tokutei Kiso Kenkyūkai Sekitan no Tanka Hannō Kikō. Sekitan no tanka hannō kikō: Coking mechanism of coal. Tōkyō: Nihon Tekkō Kyōkai, 1989.

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Sentā, Nittetsu Gijutsu Jōhō. Sekitan kōdo tenkan kōkusu seizō gijutsu no kaihatsu purojiekuto no tsuiseki hyōka no tameno chōsa hōkokusho: Heisei 20-nendo gijutsu hyōka chōsa : hōkokusho. [Tokyo]: Nittetsu Gijutsu Jōhō Sentā, 2009.

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Hergé. Coke en stock. Tournai: Casterman, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Coke"

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Qingbo, Meng, Xu Xiuli, and Xu Kuangdi. "Coke." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–2. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_1009-1.

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Verdeja González, José Ignacio, Daniel Fernández González, and Luis Felipe Verdeja González. "Ironmaking Coke." In Operations and Basic Processes in Ironmaking, 93–113. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54606-9_4.

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Dorado Porras, Javier. "Coke, Edward." In Encyclopedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, 1–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6730-0_754-1.

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Dorado Porras, Javier. "Coke, Edward." In Encyclopedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, 492–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6519-1_754.

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Junfeng, Yang, Yang Hua, and Xu Kuangdi. "Coke Oven." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–6. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_1149-1.

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Qingbo, Meng, Jiang Yu, and Xu Kuangdi. "Semi Coke." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–3. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_1053-1.

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Zhaohui, Yuan, Yin Gao, and Xu Kuangdi. "Coke Quenching." In The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–4. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_1011-1.

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Rouzaud, J. N., B. Duval, and J. Leroy. "Coke Microtexture: One Key for Coke Reactivity." In Fundamental Issues in Control of Carbon Gasification Reactivity, 257–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3310-4_14.

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Matsubara, Kenji, Hidetoshi Morotomi, and Takashi Miyazu. "Utilization of Petroleum Coke in Metallurgical Coke Making." In ACS Symposium Series, 251–68. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0303.ch018.

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Waller, James H., Gary W. Grimes, and John A. Matson. "Petroleum-Coke Overview." In ACS Symposium Series, 144–54. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0303.ch010.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coke"

1

Petersen, Holly. "Coke." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2012 Computer Animation Festival. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2341836.2341843.

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Yakovlev, Vladislav V. "Coke or Diet Coke? (Conference Presentation)." In Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XIX: Toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics, edited by Gerard L. Coté. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2510939.

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Marchand, Pascale. "Coke zero." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2013 Computer Animation Festival. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2503541.2503557.

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Dornelas, Paulo, Carlos Eduardo Reis de Carvalho, Alfredo Carlos Bitarães Quintas, Tamires Portilho, and Guilherme Liziero Ruggio da Silva. "PRODUCTION OF METALLURGICAL COKE USING GREEN PETROLEUM COKE." In Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia de Fabricação. ABCM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobef2017.cof2017-0949.

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Samman, Mahmod, and Brian Doerksen. "The Significance of Coke Resistance in Coke Drum Failures." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65060.

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Shell bulging and cracking in coke drums have been documented for decades. Most of the literature on the subject attributes these failures to severe spatial and temporal thermal gradients that develop during the quench part of the operating cycle. While transient thermal gradients can be severe and can cause excessive stresses, they alone cannot explain all types of observed shell damage in drums. In this paper, the authors present and discuss observations that suggest that when a cooling shell contracts during quenching, the interaction of the cooling shell with the in-situ coke in the drum can induce substantial hoop and axial stresses in its wall. The manner and degree to which this resistance plays a role in causing damage appears to depend on the type of coke produced and the way drums are operated.
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Kun Wang, Qiaowen Yang, Hongying Liu, Man Zhang, Huifen Chang, and Qiusheng Guo. "Research on the formed coke bond from coke fines." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5965994.

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TANG, FANGXIONG, DONGMING YANG, KEQIN DING, and LI CHEN. "RESEARCH ON STRUCTURAL HEALTH DIAGNOSIS TECHNOLOGY OF COKE DRUM BASED ON MONITORING DATA." In Structural Health Monitoring 2021. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2021/36347.

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The coke drum, work under high temperature, coke in and out with hot and cold distress through the cycle of 500℃ to 50℃, is the core reactor of the delayed coking device. Typical failure modes of bulge deformation of tower, low cycle fatigue crack of weld, material aging, the tower body bending and inclining is easy to be caused under the comprehensive impact of complex load condition, temperature stress and mechanical stress of coke drums, which is a serious threat to safety production. The development and application of coke drum structural health monitoring system ensures the healthy operation of the equipment, and will effectively cope with the increasing long-term operation requirements of refining and chemical enterprises. Based on the stress monitoring data of the key parts of the coke drum, as well as the operating pressure and temperature data, this paper analyzes the characteristics of coke drum structure monitoring data and the causes of circumferential weld cracking of coke drum structure. The residual life of the monitored structure is evaluated by using the improved rain flow counting statistical method and miner fatigue cumulative damage theory. Finally, the contribution rate of different process sections of coke drum to its structural damage is analyzed. This study provides a reference for structural health monitoring and operation process optimization of coke drum.
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Galvin, J., L. Maxim, R. Niebo, A. Segrave, O. Kampa, and M. Utell. "190. Carbon/Coke Fiber Study at Eight Plants Producing Petroleum Coke." In AIHce 2006. AIHA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2758901.

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McMillan, John. "Coke Drum Weld Inspection." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26109.

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Conventional Ultrasonic Inspection of Coke Drums may require the use of Automated Pulse Echo or Time of Flight Diffraction Techniques (TOFD). The more recent application of Phased Array ultrasonic technology enables a faster and more accurate location and depth discrimination of the cracks detected in the welds. Pulse Echo ultrasonic inspection requires the use of three transducers from each side of the weld. A zero degree compression transducer and two angle transducers, most likely 60° or 70°. The advantage of this techniques is that it provides positional information as to the location of the crack in the weld and accurate length measurement. The problem is that additional techniques have to be used to determine the depth of any cracks detected. An alternative to Pulse Echo inspection is the Time of Flight Diffraction technique. The TOFD technique uses multimode transducers to insonify the weld region with Lateral, Compression and Shear Wave ultrasound. The technique accurately detects and determines the length and depth of reflectors in the weld region. The technique was initially developed for the Nuclear Industry as a sizing technique. More recently it has become used for detection and sizing of flaws. The TOFD technique does not place the flaw in the cross section of the weld in order to achieve this another technique such as Pulse Echo Ultrasound is required. The TOFD technique is not sensitive to small flaws which are open to either surface. In order to detect small flaws such as “Toe Cracks” a supplementary technique such as ACFM or Eddy Current inspection may be required. The illustration shows the format of the sound generated from a TOFD transducer arrangement. The advantage for welds < 1.50" in thickness is that careful selection of the transducers and appropriate spacing may allow the weld to be inspected in a single pass. The illustration below shows two displays, an unrectified “RF” display which corresponds to which ever cursor is active and a grey scale display adjacent. The Grey Scale Display is a stacked “RF” display where each vertical line correspond to a single location along the line of the weld non-conforming perturbations in the display indicate areas of concern which can be identified by length and depth as shown in the boxes at the lower left of the illustration. The first significant amplitude group on the grey scale display corresponds to the Lateral Wave, the second the Compression and the third the Shear Wave. Flaws detected between the Lateral and the Compression Wave are often repeated between the Compression and the Shear Waves. Phased Array technology has been available for some time, however only recently has the software been able to display the data in a format which provides clear data which can be used to locate and size of the flaws in a variety of weld configurations. Coke Drums have several significant areas of concern, Weld Seams which may be Shell to Shell, Shell to Head or Shell to Skirt format. We will consider the Circumferential Shell weld and the Skirt weld at this time. The photographs show a shell seam which reduces in section for this example the weld was inspected from one side only. The signals were corrected for Beam Path Length and the amplitudes of the signals were equalized for angle. The following data were collected: Two Notches were machined in the plate one either side of the weld on the underside. The plate was then scanned from one, the thicker, side using the Phased Array probe. The reflectors which were the same depth are depicted with a similar amplitude at their correct relative positions, one on the near and the other on the far side of the weld root. With the signals equalized all the reflector were detected from a single scan location and with similar amplitudes. The Skirt to Shell weld was simulated in a solid piece of carbon steel. EDM notch reflectors were machined in the samples at critical locations. The critical angles were calculated which would produce reflections from each of the potential crack areas and the Phased Array inspection was performed to verify the calculations. A single plot is shown as an example, containing the reflector on the Shell side near the crotch on the inside of the weld. The illustration shows the sound path of the Phased Array which detects a reflector close to the crotch on the inside between the Skirt and the Shell. Discriminating this flaw with conventional ultrasonic inspection would be extremely difficult. It is the ability of the Phased Array Sector Scan to use multiple angles on a single pass which enables flaws at multiple locations and angles to be detected by a line scan and imaged at their relative location.
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Huang, H. R., H. W. Deng, G. Q. Xu, Z. X. Jia, and Y. C. Fu. "Coke Deposition Effect on the Flow Distribution Characteristics of Kerosene Under Supercritical Pressure." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56146.

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Performed experiments have studied the effect of coke deposition on the characteristics of flow distribution of aviation kerosene RP-3 at supercritical pressure. The whole experiment is divided into two steps: 1) making a coke tube; 2) paralleling the coked tube and a regular one with the same scale and observing the flow distribution status in different system pressure and total mass flow rate. The experimental results indicated that the deposition of coke made a great difference on the flow distribution of fuel. Based on experimental results, it’s demonstrated that the percentage of total mass flow rate in coke-free tube increases to 68.5%. Further analyses reveal the fact that the total mass flow rate has nearly no impact on flow distribution and the system pressure also influence the distribution very little. What’s more, the amount of coke vs axial position and total amount of coke in coked tube are mentioned in this paper, which is benefit in analysis of flow distribution.
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Reports on the topic "Coke"

1

Skone, Timothy J. Coke to Methanol Plant Installation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509015.

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Price, J. T., and J. F. Gransden. Improving coke quality with Canadian coals. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304348.

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Anthony, E. J. Petroleum coke burning in FBC systems. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304539.

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Anthony, E. J., H. A. Becker, R. K. Code, R. W. McCleave, and J R Stephenson. Bubbling fluidized bed combustion of Syncrude coke. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304362.

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Craig N. Eatough. Clean Production of Coke from Carbonaceous Fines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1012550.

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Ityokumbul, M. T., and K. L. Kasperski. Reactivity of caustic-treated oil sand coke residues. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305314.

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Kevin C. Galbreath, Donald L. Toman, and Christopher J. Zygarlicke. REDUCING POWER PRODUCTION COSTS BY UTILIZING PETROLEUM COKE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/824926.

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Anthony, E. J., and F. D. Friedrich. Fluidized bed combustion of petroleum coke at CANMET. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/302644.

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John F. Schabron, A. Troy Pauli, and Joseph F. Rovani Jr. RESIDUA UPGRADING EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT MODELS: COKE FORMATION PREDICTABILITY MAPS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/822151.

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Larocca, M., S. Ng, and H. de Lasa. Fast catalytic cracking of heavy gas oils: modeling coke deactivation. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304414.

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