Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Coinage'
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Spoerri, Butcher Marguerite Amandry Michel Burnett Andrew M. "Roman provincial coinage." London : Paris : British museum press ; Bibliothèque nationale de France, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40226892c.
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Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Lettres--Université de Neuchâtel, 2000. Titre de soutenance : Le monnayage des cités de la province romaine d'Asie à l'époque de Gordien III (238-244).Bibliogr. p. 317-324. Index. Résumé en anglais.
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Tselekas, Panagiotis. "The coinage of Acanthus." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312859.
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Talbot, John Andrew. "What is Icenian coinage?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:070214b6-8d06-4e55-a0f6-06125531e76c.
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This thesis considers the purpose of the Late Iron Age coinage which was produced in northern East Anglia, and is usually attributed to the Iron Age tribe, the Iceni. The main source of new information used in the thesis is a detailed die-study of over 10,000 Icenian coins, believed to be the largest such study attempted for a complete regional Iron Age coinage. The thesis includes a review of previous scholarly work on the coinage and gives consideration to recent research into ancient economies and organisational structures. The organisation of the coinage is explored and it is divided into four sequential chronological periods. The thesis explores the practical and organisational aspects of minting and finds that metal content and weight were important factors at all stages of production. The imagery and inscriptions of the coins are examined and it is found that, over the hundred years of so of production, there was a shift in emphasis from complex imagery, often containing hidden faces, to standardised simpler forms of iconography. The thesis explores the monetary role of coinage implied by these factors. The deposition of coinage is considered, both as hoards and as single finds. The thesis shows how this evidence confirms the chronology and organisation of the coinage. It also shows that, contrary to previous assumptions, hoarding was not a continuous process in the study region. It was episodic using specific forms of coinage. The thesis finds increasing evidence of monetisation but also explores other potential uses for the coinage, and reasons for its issue. The detailed die-study and descriptions of the many types of coin are presented as appendices.
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Timson, Samuel Joseph. "Multinuclear coinage metal acetylides." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707707.
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De, Jersey Philip E. "Coinage in Iron Age Armorica /." Oxford : Institute of archaeology, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36681414x.
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Metlich, Michael Andreas. "The coinage of Ostrogothic Italy /." London : Spink, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392436303.
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Bean, Simon C. "The coinage of Atrebates and Regni." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11944/.
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A detailed study of the Iron Age coinage from the area of the Atrebates and Regni has been made. Coin deposition has been studied and distinctions made between 'hoards' from religious and non-religious sites. The first coins to circulate in the area, imported Gallo- Belgic gold, have been examined. The traditional Gallic war date for Gallo-Belgic E is questioned, and an earlier, longer chronology is proposed. During the currency of Gallo-Belgic C the first indigenous local staters, British A2 and C, appeared. Later, around the time of the Gallic War, these were succeeded by British Q. In this period the first local silver types were produced alongside a short-lived bronze issue. These were usually struck on broad thin flans with designs based on Gaulish coins. British Q was succeeded by several smaller localised stater issues. The contemporary quarter staters and silver were generally struck on thick flans with more insular designs. A picture of fragmented minting is apparent. The staters inscribed COMMIOS and several related denominations develop from these types. Close examination of the numismatic evidence suggests that these were produced by a Commios who was the 'son' of the Commius of Caesar. The minting of these and later inscribed coins appears to have been centralised. The succeeding coins of Tincommius bear Roman inspired designs and the metallurgy of the silver units suggests that they were produced from recycled Roman denarii. Numismatic evidence now suggests two mints, one in the Chichester-Selsey area, controlled by Tincommius, and another, at Calleva, held by Eppillus. A rare series of coins from Kent record these two leaders acting together with a further partner, Verica. Coins in Verica's name later appeared from both the southern and Calleva mints, although Calleva was eventually lost to a north Thames leader, Epaticcus.
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Armstrong, Andrea June. "Roman Phrygia : cities and their coinage." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317812/.
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The principal focus of this thesis is the Upper Maeander Valley in Phrygia, which is now part of modern Turkey, and in particular three cities situated in that region, namely Laodicea, Hierapolis and Colossae. The main source used is the coinage produced by these cities with the aim of determining how they viewed their place within the Roman Empire and how they reacted to the realities of Roman rule. Inscriptional, architectural and narrative sources are also used as well as comparative material from other Phrygian and Asian cities. In order to achieve its aim, the thesis is divided into two parts. Part One details the history of Laodicea, Hierapolis and Colossae and explains the coinage system in use within the province of Asia on a regional and a civic level. The final chapter in the first part of the thesis introduces the theme of the interaction between city, region and empire which is developed more fully in Part Two. Part Two discusses the types used on the coins of the cities of the Upper Maeander Valley in the context of the cultural and religious circumstances of Rome and also in reaction to the organisational and political changes affecting the province of Asia as well as the Empire as a whole. The main conclusions of the thesis are that the cities of Laodicea, Hierapolis and Colossae were very aware of Rome and of their own status, as well as that of their province, within the Roman Empire especially in the context of ongoing circumstances and developments within the Empire. As a whole, the thesis clearly highlights the ways in which city, region and empire interacted together and shows that studies of particular regions and their coinage deserve more attention than they have hitherto received.
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Baiada, A. "Novel tricoordinate univalent coinage metal complexes." Thesis, University of East London, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375666.
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Mairat, Jerome. "The coinage of the Gallic Empire." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:58eb4e43-a6d5-4e93-adeb-f374b9749a7f.
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This thesis presents a new systematic arrangement of the coinage of the Gallic Empire as the basis for a revised edition of Roman Imperial Coinage. The coinage of all denominations, gold, silver and bronze, are unified into a single structure of issues. In 260, Postumus revolted against the Roman emperor Gallienus and took control of the Gauls. The chronology of his reign and of his successors is reviewed. The short reign of Domitianus II is interpreted as a revolt against the elevation of Tetricus. A rearrangement of Tetricus’s coinage supported by the epigraphic evidence proves that the elevation of Tetricus II to the Caesarship must be redated from 273 to 272. The location of the mints is discussed. Conclusive hoard evidence proves that the main mint was located at Trier, and not at Cologne. The study of iconography implies that choices were not necessarily made by the imperial authorities, but that more freedom was given to engravers than is usually assumed. The use of earlier coins as an iconographic repertoire strongly suggests that earlier coins were brought to the mint to be melted down. Metrological analyses of gold coins of the Gallic emperors show for the first time that silver was deliberately added to the alloy, following a practice introduced by Valerian and continued by Gallienus. The debasement of the ‘silver’ coinage is studied in parallel with its contemporary evolution within the Central Empire. Coin circulation is used in order to determine the frontiers of the Gallic Empire. It is demonstrated that the Gallic Empire reached its apogee between 262 and 265, ruling over Britain, the Gauls, Hispania and Raetia. The nature of the Gallic Empire is discussed. It is argued that this ‘Empire’ should not be viewed as a form of separatism, as often claimed, but as the unintended result of a status quo following Postumus’s acclamation and the long postponement of a final confrontation against the emperor of Rome.
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Bennett, Robert George. "Local elites and local coinage : elite self-representation on the provincial coinage of Asia 31 BC- AD 275." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9e9c0f53-a961-4644-b30c-716bd8395f2e.
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The focus of this thesis is the nature of the interaction between the civic elites and the civic coinage for which they were responsible. The Roman Province of Asia provides the ideal context for the study of local elites and their coinage because of the prevalence and prominence of the names of individual local notables, henceforth known as eponyms, recorded in civic coin legends. By combining the study of the function of coin eponyms and the prosopographical analysis of individual eponyms in the epigraphic record, it is possible to identify and explain the profound changes that affected civic coin production in the first three centuries AD. Local elites perceived coinage not only in terms of a functional means of exchange, but as a medium for personal and civic display. In this way the local elites exploited coin iconography in ways that paralleled other media of monumental display. New coin legends were developed, which identified explicitly the dedicatory nature of the coinage and the iconographic repertoire of coin types was radically expanded to express the cultural agendas and priorities of the civic elites. The first half of the thesis is devoted to the study of the relationship between office holding and coinage and the development of coin legend formulae during the first three centuries AD. The pattern and distribution of the various legend formulae is analysed in order to determine the extent of the eponym’s involvement in the production of coinage. In particular, this section intends to establish the extent to which coinage production was funded privately. The fourth chapter is arranged into a series of case studies discussing individual cases of personalized coin iconography. The final chapter of the thesis outlines how the civic elite’s conceptualization of coinage changed over the course of this period. It is argued that contact with the Roman monetary tradition affected civic elites’ attitude to coinage and that this manifested itself in the iconography and the fabric of the coins themselves.
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Conway, Charles Patrick MacMillan. "The Roman coinage from Ossaia/La Tufa." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq21127.pdf.
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Coleman, Robert D. "The coinage of Deventer, c. 983-1100." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307473.
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Panagopoulou, Ekaterini. "Antigonos Gonatas : coinage, money and the economy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1349335/.
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'Antigonos Gonatas: Coinage, Money and the Economy' is a presentation and systematic analysis of the precious metal coinages in the name of `king Antigonos'. Most of these issues, including (a) gold staters and silver tetradrachms with the types of Alexander III and (b) silver with individual Antigonid types (tetradrachms, `Pans' and 'Poseidons'; a few drachmae, `Pans' and 'Zeus'; pentobols, `Zeus'), are traditionally assigned to the Makedonian king Antigonos Gonatas (r. 283/277-239 BC). However, their relative chronology and their respective presence in hoards allow for their wider distribution from Gonatas to his later homonym, Antigonos Doson, and for their production at a single mint, demonstrating thus a strong sense of dynastic continuity among Gonatas' successors(chapter 2). It is argued that the numismatic iconography aligns itself with the main threads of the Antigonid international policy established by Gonatas: the Antigonids, following the example of the Temenids, deliberately emphasised their Hellenic identity and piety, in order to become assimilated to the military and political `debates' both in mainland Greece and on an international level. The introduction, in particular, of the second Antigonid tetradrachm type, the Poseidon-head, meant the resumption of the naval claims of Monophthalmos and Poliorketes in the Aegean concomitantly to Gonatas' victorious naval battle against the Ptolemaic fleet at Andros (chapters 2.1,2.4). The analysis of the numismatic material (chapters 3-6) is a prerequisite for a tentative estimation of its approximate quantity and for a better assessment of its distribution pattern. The disproportion between the low annual production rate of these issues and the Antigonid financial requirements may be explained by the use of other precious metal coinages following the Attic weight standard (chapter 7). It is therefore argued that the exercise by the Antigonids of pro-active economic and administrative control was limited and that the introduction of the Antigonid individual issues was inspired by political alongside economic forces.
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Konuk, Koray. "The coinage of the Hekatomnids of Caria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285546.
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Tsagouria, P. "The polis, its coinage and its historians." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445887/.
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This thesis sets out to explore whether the Greeks had a concept of economics and whether it is appropriate to talk about the polis economy. These issues are explored, first by studying Greek coinage and economic practices related to polis public finance and, second, by studying Greek historians' understanding of economics. In the latter case, we consider Herodotus' treatment of the economics of the Persian Wars as well as Thucydides' and Xenophon's treatment of the economics of the Peloponnesian War. From the study of economics in Greek historiography, it is maintained that Herodotus, Thucydides and Xenophon were not only interested in economics but also understood war economics. This is due to the dominance of naval warfare especially in the last years of the Peloponnesian War, which resulted in the monetization of the polis economy. However, we claim that the above historians in varying degrees failed to encapsulate the ramifications of the polis economy and its complexity, because there is a disparity between the reality of the polis economy and its interpretation by the historians. Thus any reconstruction of the polis economy and of the rationale for economic practices based on fifth century Greek historiography is limited and insufficient. It is for this reason that we have studied Greek coinage and certain economic practices employed by the polis to manage public finances, finance public expenditure and deal with economic crises. From this study, we argue that the polis economy was a rational and independent institution operating within the polis. In a nutshell, the main conclusion of this thesis is that although the understanding of economic factors was 'embedded' in the prevailing ideology of wealth and money, there was indeed a polis economy as an independent institution.
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Dutta, Debajit. "Koch coinage: a study in historical perspective." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2015. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1888v.
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Butcher, Kevin Edward Templar. "Coinage in Roman Syria 64 BC - AD 253." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270140.
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Stonor, Andrew James. "The design of coinage metal and pnictogen architectures." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683732.
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A series of experiments were designed with the dual goals of, firstly, accessing new pnictogen ring and cage architectures suitable for use as antiwear additives in industrial lubricants and, secondly, to synthesise novel coinage metal complexes utilising both organic and inorganic ligands. Several asymmetrically and symmetrically substituted cyclodiphosphazanes were synthesised and in the majority of cases the cisoid or transoid isomerism was determined in solution by 31p NMR spectroscopy. Moreover, in three cases the molecular structures of cyclodiphosphazanes were examined using X-ray crystallography. Exo,exo-diamino- and amido-phosphorus sesquisulfide compounds were also characterised by 31p NMR spectroscopy which revealed phosphorus sesquisulfide itself as a decomposition product too. 31p NMR spectroscopy was also used to identify the presence of two new metalphosphorus sesquisulfide coordination species in which the inorganic cage acts as a ditopic ligand via coordination from phosphorus and a rare example of sulfur coordination. Selected cyclodiphosphazanes and phosphorus sulfides were also blended with industrial lubricant (group 1 base oil) and subject to antiwear and friction modifying tests. Furthermore, the structures of fifteen organometallic group 11 metal complexes using alkenes, dienes, trienes, arenes, alkynes and isonitriles as ligands were elucidated using X-ray crystallography, the parameters of which, were compared to analogous and similar examples reported in the literature. These compounds were further characterised by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, the former of which provided evidence for the behaviour of complexes in solution.
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Dodd, Rebecca. "Coinage and conflict : the manipulation of Seleucid political imagery." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/938/.
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The purpose of this thesis is to provide a thematic analysis of the historical, political, and economic context of Seleucid portraiture, namely that on coins, but with reference to gemstones, seals, and sculpture where evidence exists. No attention has been given to the aesthetic value of such items, as has been the habit of art historians, as a great deal of the evidence analysed here consists of bronze coins. Nor is this work intended to be a catalogue, as technical information on coins has been well documented in the many catalogues in this field. The first chapter provides a general survey of the issue of autonomy and its relationship to the Seleucids, whether among the Greek poleis of Asia Minor or other autonomous areas of the Seleucid empire. This is followed by an obligatory discussion of the influence of Alexander on the Seleucids, which has been kept deliberately short due to the amount of scholarship already completed in this field. The issue of warfare and its effect on Seleucid iconography follows this. The first three chapters cover issues affecting Seleucid iconography, whether for legitimate kings or otherwise, which leads on to a chapter covering the Seleucid usurpers. The function of this chapter within the thesis is twofold; firstly, it introduces the concept of usurpation and its effect on the iconography of legitimate kings; secondly, it contains extensive discussion of the coinages of the individual usurpers. The next four chapters serve to analyse the variation of the royal image for legitimate kings, assessing the effect of autonomy, warfare, Alexander, and usurpation on the changing royal image. The kings discussed in the respective chapters were chosen on similarities of iconography and factors affecting this. The final chapter is a discussion on Seleucid female iconography, affected by many of the same factors as male portraiture.
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Naismith, Rory. "Coinage and history in Southumbrian England c. 750-865." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611791.
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Bland, Robert Farrant. "The coinage of Gordian III from Antioch and Caesarea." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270764.
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This thesis attempts to present for the first time a detailed corpus and die-study of two major Roman coinages of the third century AD, the issues of the mints of Antioch in Syria and Caesarea in Cappadocia from the reign of Gordian III (AD 238-44). The coinage of Antioch consisted of two series of radiates with Roman legends and three series of tetradrachms with Greek legends and 1000 specimens of the former and 318 of the latter are included in the die-study. The die-study of Caesarea includes 113 silver tridrachms, didrachms and drachms and 191 bronze coins in three denominations. There is a full discussion of the types, legends, weights, die-axes and metallic content of each issue and of the methodology used in the die-studies. The study starts by showing how the radiates of Antioch can be distinguished from those of Rome, something that has not been satisfactorily done before. The lack of a clearly explained method of distinguishing the products of these two mints has bedevilled all existing publications of these coins. The thesis also looks for the first time at the relationship between the striking of radiates and tetradrachms at Antioch, the former coins having traditionally been classed as `Roman' and the latter as `Greek imperial'. It is argued that the Greek legend issues of both mints should be regarded as much an imperial coinage as the radiates of Antioch. It is also shown that the dies for the coinage of Caesarea were produced by the same engravers as worked at Antioch, something that had not been noticed before. Further chapters examine chronological problems, the metal content of the silver coins of Gordian's reign, the evidence for their circulation in hoards and site finds and the historical events of Gordian's reign. These findings are summarized in the conclusion, which sets the coinages of Antioch and Caesarea in their historical context. The 50 plates illustrate all the obverse dies, except for the second series of radiates from Antioch.
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Bishop, Jennifer Jane. "Precious metals, coinage, and 'commonwealth' in mid-Tudor England." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708796.
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Sorenson, David Wendell. "Silver and billon coinage in France under Charles VI." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272459.
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Wallace, Nora Michelle. "Spin-orbit CI potential curves of coinage metal halides /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487777170406442.
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Naiman, Matthew G. "Coinage in Etruria : circulation and uses 500-32 BC." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f94eb8c4-9d83-428b-b818-ce58892473aa.
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This thesis presents an analysis of coin use and circulation within Etruria between 500 and 32 BC. Etruscan and Roman numismatics have historically been discussed separately, and the divide between the two has hindered our understanding of the development of monetization in Etruria. On the basis of a new relational database containing coin hoards and site finds from within Etruria, this thesis examines the spatial and temporal trends in coin production and use. Chapter Two is based on a separate database, which includes coins with unknown provenances. It analyses the metrology, chronology, denominational structures, and scales of production of Etruscan coinages. In addition to quantifying the amount of precious metal coined by the principal mints within Etruria, the analysis shows Etruscan minting bodies to be diverse and distinct entities. Chapter Three surveys hoarding in Etruria and assesses the geospatial and temporal trends as well as the integration of Etruria into the Roman coin pool. A causal relationship between warfare and hoarding is questioned, as hoard find locations are incongruous with what would be expected from an examination of the literary evidence. Chapter Four examines the distributions of the most prevalent coinages within Etruria and, through geospatial analysis, hypothesizes production locations for un-assigned coinages. The chapter asserts that there were nearly mutually exclusive zones of circulation for the various pre-Second Punic War third century coinages present. Chapter Five surveys coin use by category of archaeological site and, when available, provides a closer examination of contextual information. The final chapter presents the main conclusions and argues that Roman hegemonic control indirectly led to the cessation of non-Roman coin production as well as the spread of Roman coinage within Etruria.
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Langmuir, Robin. "A Re-evaluation of the Debasement of the Roman Silver Coinage as Presented in David Richard Walker’s Metrology of the Roman Silver Coinage." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38608.
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David Richard Walker’s Metrology of the Roman Silver Coinage analyzed the silver content of over 5000 Roman denarii, antoniniani, and drachmae using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. His results have been widely cited and used by scholars in the fields of Roman economic theory and numismatics. This thesis seeks to prove that Walker’s XRF results were not only inaccurate, but inconsistently so.
Corrosion and surface enrichment on silver-copper coins have caused surface-level elemental examinations, like XRF, to produce incorrect results. The results from Walker’s XRF analysis have been compared against results from four individual wet chemical studies. The comparisons display striking, and significant, differences. I am forced to conclude that Walker’s data does not in any way align with the true silver content of the coins he analyzed. As a result, this thesis will re-examine several theories and hypotheses posed by scholars who used Walker’s data and propose new, more appropriate, uses for Walker and XRF analysis outside of the examination of corroded silver-copper coins.
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Huot, Patrizia. "The emperor, the army and the coinage, four quantitative studies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ26331.pdf.
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Lianti, Eleni. "Byzantine coinage AD 1204-1453 : some problems in monetary affairs." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422472.
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Gannon, A. "The iconography of early Anglo-Saxon coinage (6th-8th centuries)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599300.
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This work is an art-historical appraisal of Anglo-Saxon coinage, from its inception in the late sixth century to Offa's second reform of the penny c.792, and covers all known designs, with several unpublished types. Artistically, this is the most vibrant period of English coinage, with die-cutters showing flair and innovation and employing hundreds of different designs in their work, mirroring the dialectic tension between the old and new order and the changes occurring in Anglo Saxon England. In this iconographical analysis the designs are divided into four main categories: busts (including attributes and drapery), human figures, animals and geometrical patterns, with prototypes, sources of the repertoire and parallels with contemporary visual arts illustrated for each motif. The comparisons demonstrate that coins played a central role in the eclectic visual culture of the time, with the advantages of official sanctioning and wide circulation to support and diffuse new ideas and images. The sources of the motifs clarify the relationship between the many designs of the Secondary phase (c. 710-50), suggesting some cross-border conformity in the iconography. Contemporary literature and theological and writings offer the key to the interpretation of several motifs, hinting at a universal preoccupation with religious themes. Coins from Canterbury (Series K) appear to be linked together in that they represent the Five Senses, more than a century and a half before the Fuller Brooch. The richness of motifs and display of learning point to a sophisticated patronage with access to exotic prototypes, excellent craftsmanship and wealth. It is suggested that ministers, as rich, learned and well-organised institutions, may be behind some of the coinage. After the economic crises of the mid-seventh century this flamboyant iconography was swept away with Offa's reforms of the coinage. Coins were issued bearing his name and title, and the designs, whilst still of high quality, are either busts or purely geometrical.
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Kendall, Gary. "X-ray studies of seld-assembled monolayers on coinage metals." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364198.
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Gyori, Victoria. "From republic to principate : change and continuity in Roman coinage." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/from-republic-to-principate(79056ebd-faf5-4f69-a4f5-0d75a57ca875).html.
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My thesis analyses the changes which occurred in the coinage of Rome from the mid-first century BC to the succession of Tiberius in AD 14 and investigates how they can contribute to our understanding of the nature and chronology of the formation of the Principate. The first chapter discusses methodological problems. I argue that the current organization and classification of Roman coinage - especially the treatment of all post-31/27 BC coins as "imperial" - have prejudged and obscured the value of coinage as evidence for this transition. The second chapter examines the Octavianic CAESAR DIVI F(ilius) and IMP(erator) CAESAR series of c. 32-27 BC. I argue these coins should be seen in a "Hellenistic monarchic" tradition following the Late Republican debt to Hellenistic artistic media. The third chapter and the fourth chapter focus on coins minted at Rome and in Spain from 23 BC to 16 BC. I argue that while many of these coins still employ numerous Late Republican Hellenising motifs, they also introduce novel elements into the typological inventory of Roman coinage, such as "honorific" and "anticipatory" issues, as well as a boom in the use of explanatory legends. The fifth chapter explores the dramatic shift in "familial" coin typology from the "ancestral" references in the Republic to portrayal of living members of the domus Augusti. The domus Augusti is the one numismatic theme that is found both on Augustan "mainstream" and "provincial" coins, and it seems that these types were first developed on the "provincial" coins. Overall, I conclude that these developments were not unilinear: there had been a general trend starting in the late Republic to adopt "Hellenistic monarchic" elements on Roman coins, while Tiberian coins of the end of Augustus’ reign still have strong "Republican" elements. I argue, however, that, after a ’false start’ before 27 BC, the decisive shift towards "monarchic" typology occurred after 19 BC.
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Sinha, Pankaj. "Phosphorescent Emissions of Coinage Metal-Phosphine Complexes: Theory and Photophysics." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12200/.
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The major topics discussed are all relevant to the bright phosphorescent emissions of coinage metal complexes (Cu(I), Ag(I) and Au(I)) with an explanation of the theoretical background, computational results and ongoing work on the application in materials and optoelectronic devices. Density functional computations have been performed on the majority of the discussed complexes and determined that the most significant distortion that occurs in Au(I)-phosphine complexes is a near and beyond a T-shape within the P-Au-P angle when the complexes are photoexcited to the lowest phosphorescent excited state. The large distortion is experimentally qualified with the large Stokes' shift that occurs between the excitation and emission spectra and can be as large as 18 000 cm-1 for the neutral Au(I) complexes. The excited state distortion has been thoroughly investigated and it is determined that not only is it pertinent to the efficient luminescence but also for the tunability in the emission. The factors that affect tunability have been determined to be electronics, sterics, rigidity of solution and temperature. The luminescent shifts determined from varying these parameters have been described systematically and have revealed emission colors that span the entire visible spectrum. These astounding features that have been discovered within studies of coinage metal phosphorescent complexes are an asset to applications ranging from materials development to electronics.
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Houwaart, Torsten. "Cobalt porphyrins on coinage metal surfaces - adsorption and template properties." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENSL0927.
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Cette thèse est une étude théorique sur la interface de porphyrine de cobalt avec des surfaces métalliques avec le code VASP DFT. Le cadre DFT nécessaire a été introduit dans le chapitre 1. La structure de la jBardeen, une programme ecrit en Java, pour la simulation de la STM est expliqué dans le chapitre 2 et le code source est jointe en annexe. Une étude de l'adsorption de CoTPP sur les surfaces métalliques a été entrepris dans le chapitre 3. Différents paramètres de calcul ont été évalués: Le site d'adsorption et de la géométrie à la fois la molécule et la surface ont été étudiés par rapport à la xc-fonctionnel et correction de la dispersion utilisée. Une adsorption site le plus stable est identifié. Par conséquent, ce site plus stable a été étudiée pour sa structure électronique. Calculés images STM avec le code jBardeen ont été comparés avec une experimentation de CoTPP Cu sur une surface (111) avec une couverture sous monocouche. Dans le chapitre 4, un adatome Fe a été présenté à la CoTPP sur Ag système (111). Trois sites de liaison symétrique différentes pour l'atome Fe ont été identifiés sur le macrocycle, marqué les , bi-, brd- et bru-positions. Un moment magnétique pouvait être attestée qui a été principalement situé sur l'atome Fe. Voies possibles entre les quatre, symétriquement équivalentes, sites bi- ont été étudiées avec des méthodes différentes. Simples calculs dans le vacuum et calculs de la “Nudged Elastic Band” (NEB) de l'ensemble du système a révélé une hauteur de barrière légèrement au-dessus de 0,2 eV allant de position bi à la posititon brd. Une analyse de vibration a montré que la commutation de l'atome Fe est susceptible, lorsqu'il est perturbé hors d'équilibre dans les positions brd et bruThis thesis is a theoretical study on the cobalt porphyrin - coinage metal surface interface with the DFT code VASP. The necessary DFT framework has been introduced in chapter 1. The structure of the Java program jBardeen for STM simulation is explained in chapter 2 and the source code is attached as Appendix. A study of the adsorption of CoTPP on coinage metal surfaces has been undertaken in chapter 3. Different parameters of the calculation have been evaluated: the adsorption site and the geometry of both the molecule and surface have been investigated with respect to the xc-functional and dispersion correction used. A most stable adsorption site -bridge down- is identified. Consequently, this most stable site was investigated for its electronic structure. Calculated STM images with the jBardeen code were compared with an experiment of CoTPP on a Cu(111) surface with sub monolayer coverage. In chapter 4 an Fe adatom was introduced to the CoTPP on Ag(111) system. Three symmetrically different binding sites for the Fe atom were identified on the macrocycle, labelled the bi-, brd- and bru-positions for bisector, bridge down and bridge up respectively. A magnetic moment could be evidenced which was mainly located on the Fe atom. Possible pathways between the four symmetrically equivalent bisector sites were investigated with different methods. Single point calculations in vacuum and Nudged Elastic Band (NEB) of the whole system revealed a barrier height of slightly above 0.2 eV going from bi- to the brd-position. A vibrational analysis showed that switching of the Fe atom is likely, when perturbed out of equilibrium in the brd- and bru- positions
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Sinha, Pankaj Omary Mohammad A. "Phosphorescent emissions of coinage metal-phosphine complexes theory and photophysics /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12200.
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Yadav, Dhirendra. "Coinage metal(I) halide complexes stabilized through germylenes and germanechalcogenones." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2016. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/7076.
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Johnson, Brian Davin. "The Ottoman currency system (1687-1754) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10508.
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Mudarra, Alonso Ángel Luis. "Coinage complexes in C-C and C-N bond-forming reactions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670357.
Full textAbstract:
Els complexos organometàl·lics de coure, plata i or juguen un paper fonamental com espècies reactives
en diverses transformacions químiques. Aquesta tesi aporta coneixement sobre el comportament
d’aquests complexos en la formació d’enllaços C-C i/o C-N. En concret, estudiem: i) el mecanisme de
reacció a través del qual els complexos de coure co-catalitzen un acoblament oxidant en el context de
sistemes bimetàl·lics de rodi i coure; ii) el potencial de nucleòfils de plata com a agents transmetal·lants
en reaccions de trifluorometilació catalitzades per pal·ladi; iii) el mecanisme de reacció de sistemes
bimetàl·lics de Pd/Ag emprant un sistema model; i iv) el comportament de complexos bis(trifluorometil)
cuprat, argentat i aurat com a nucleòfils. En aquesta tesi, on s´han combinat estudis experimentals i
computacionals, s’ha adquirit nou coneixement sobre els processos estudiats, i s’ha contribuït al camp de
la recerca química basada en el coneixement.Los complejos organometálicos de cobre, plata y oro juegan un papel fundamental como especies reactivas en diversas transformaciones químicas. Esta tesis aporta conocimiento sobre el comportamiento de estos complejos en la formación de enlaces C-C y/o C-N. En concreto, estudiamos: i) el mecanismo de reacción por el cual complejos de cobre co-catalizan un acoplamiento oxidante en el contexto de sistemas bimetálicos de rodio y cobre; ii) el potencial de nucleófilos de plata como agentes transmetalantes en reacciones de trifluorometilación catalizadas por paladio; iii) el mecanismo de reacción de sistemas bimetálicos de Pd/Ag usando un sistema modelo; y iv) el comportamiento de complejos bis(trifluorometil) cuprato, argentato y aurato como nucleófilos. En esta tesis, donde se han combinado estudios experimentales y computacionales, se ha adquirido nuevo conocimiento sobre los procesos estudiados, y se ha contribuido al campo de la investigación química basada en el conocimiento.
Organometallic coinage metal complexes are be key reactive species for promoting a wide variety of chemical transformations. This thesis improves the understanding the behavior of these complexes in relevant C-C and/or C-N bond-forming reactions. Specifically, we have explored: i) the mechanistic intricacies of copper species as co-catalyst in the context of rhodium/copper-catalyzed oxidative coupling reactions; ii) the capability of silver nucleophiles as transmetalating agents in palladium-catalyzed trifluoromethylation reactions; iii) the reaction mechanism of Pd/Ag bimetallic reactions using a model system as probe; and, iv) the study of bis(trifluoromethyl) coinage metallates as nucleophiles. The fundamental insights gathered in this Thesis, encompassing both experimental and computational approaches, improve our understanding of the processes under study and make a contribution to the general field of knowledge-driven research in Chemistry.
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Ambuske, James Patrick. "Minting America coinage and the contestation of American identity, 1775-1800 /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1164981401.
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Baker, Julian Robert. "Coinage, monetary policy and monetary economy in Greece, 1204- ca. 1350." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553003.
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羅錦榮 and Kam-wing Kenneth Lo. "Luminescent copper (I) and rhenium (I) diimines, and coinage metal chalcogenides." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128468.
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Lo, Kam-wing Kenneth. "Luminescent copper (I) and rhenium (I) diimines, and coinage metal chalcogenides." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128468.
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Ryan, N. S. "A comparative analysis of Romano-British site coin finds." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378922.
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A database containing information on over 35,000 coins from sites in southern Britain was established. This was used to investigate chronological and geographical distributions of fourth century Roman coinage in Britain, and the role of coins in archaeological dating. The regularity of finds supports a view of official supply policy as the principal determinant of the coins used, deposited and subsequently recovered. Throughout the fourth century, Britain received supplies of bronze from up to three mints of which one was always the primary source. One or two secondary sources supplemented this, particularly at times of major new issues. The few finds from other mints represent material that arrived through circulation and exchange. The only clear geographical variation Was after 388AD when new issues failed to circulate extensively beyond the towns. Variations between sites are related to differences in coin using and depositing practices. Three groups of sites were recognised: towns and larger settlements, villas and rural buildings, and temples. Differences between these are most apparent after 350AD when circulation and use underwent significant changes in the rural areas. Typical excavations of rural buildings produce few coins, probably representing accidental losses. On some sites casual loss accounts for only a small proportion of the recovered material. Here, votive deposition, rubbish disposal and non-recovery of hoards are the major sources of finds. A study of the stratified material reinforces the need for caution in using coins for dating, and has important implications for the use of coins in archaeological dating. Residuality and lengthy circulation severely limit inferences about the dates of deposition of the contexts in which coins are found. Throughout the fourth century, and probably also earlier, most coins were deposited within a few decades of their issue. Unfortunately for the archaeologist in search of a date for a deposit, examples of primary deposition are greatly outnumbered by residual and re-deposited material.
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Bullinger, John C. "Cyanoscorpionates: New structural motifs for transition metal complexes and coinage metal polymers." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/2431.
Full textAbstract:
New complexes have been synthesized of scorpionate ligands with cyano substituents in the 4-positions of the pyrazoles and tert-butyl substituents in the 3-positions of the pyrazoles. Reaction of Co²⁺,Mn²⁺, and Ni(cyclam)²⁺ (cyclam=1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) salts with KTpt-Bu,4CN in a
1:2 ratio produced new octahedral metal complexes of the form (Tpt-Bu,4CN)₂ML₄ (L₄=(H₂O)₄,
(H₂O)₂(MeOH)₂, or cyclam). Unlike the sandwich complexes previously isolated with TpPh,4CN, the
crystal structures showed none of the pyrazole nitrogen atoms coordinated to the metal. Rather, the
metal is coordinated to one CN nitrogen atom from each ligand, with two Tp anions coordinated
trans to each other around the metal center. This leaves the Tp pyrazole nitrogen atoms open for
another metal to coordinate, which could to lead to heterometallic complexes, new coordination
polymers, as well as the framework for supramolecular complexes.
Attempts to insert metal ions into the pyrazole coordination pockets of these complexes have to date
been unsuccessful. However, these attempts resulted in new Cu(I) and Ag(I) coordination polymers
of the cyano-substituted scorpionate ligands as well as several new metal complexes of 3-tert-butyl-
4-cyanopyrazole. The newly isolated Tpt-Bu,4CNCu(I) polymer has the same structure as the one
previously synthesized except for the acetonitrile which is crystallized in the lattice. This is a very
good indication that there is some type of channel or pocket within the lattice which was not
previously recognized. The newly isolated Tpt-Bu,4CNAg(I) polymers show various coordination
motifs giving rise to different structural networks.Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry
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Hardwick, Nicholas Malcolm Monier. "The coinage of Chios from the 6th to the 4th Century B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315788.
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Brousseau, Julie. "Synthesis of Carbocycles Using Coinage Metal Catalysis and Formal Synthesis of (±)-Morphine." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40860.
Full textAbstract:
Coinage metals such as copper, silver and gold have captivated mankind with their desirable qualities and social value. Recently, these metals have peaked the interests of scientists, where organic chemists have used them extensively in the homogenous catalysis of organic transformations. In our laboratory, we exploited their π-Lewis acidic properties to activate alkyne to induce intramolecular cyclization of nucleophilic enol ethers. We discovered that modulating the steric and electronic profiles of the ancillary ligand on the cationic metal complexes allowed for the regioselective control of such reactions. During the exploration of the substrate dependency of these transformations, we discovered that unsubstituted alkynes undergo a 6-endo-dig/acetalization/Prins reaction cascade in the presence of a silver salt such as [(BrettPhos)Ag(MeCN)]SbF6, resulting in the formation of highly strained polycycles. We have demonstrated that the formation of these products is initiated by a selective 6-endo-dig cyclization. Further mechanistic studies suggested that the reaction may occur through silver dual catalysis using deuterium-labelling experiments, however, single activation of the starting material would lead to the same product and thus both mechanisms were proposed. The further reactivity of these interesting polycyclic products was also explored. Total synthesis of natural products is often referred to as an art, as it defines the boundaries of organic chemistry. In our laboratory, we have always been interested in the challenge of ingeniously building architecturally complex molecules. With the development of optimized conditions for the selective formation of decaline cores from silylenol ethers, the application of this methodology to the synthesis of teucrin A was sought. Our synthetic approach is highlighted by a sequential Diels-Alder/6-endo-dig cyclization reaction to rapidly assemble the clerodane diterpenoid framework of the natural product. To that end, the synthesis of the target utilized a strategy featuring a Diels-Alder reaction between an exocyclic allene and a silyl enolether, which proceeded in 59% yield at 110°C with a diasteomer ratio of 3:1. Unfortunately, attempts to induce the [4+2] cycloaddition using Lewis acids that were vital to the proposed synthetic route led to either no conversion or hydrolysis of starting material. Since this key step proved challenging, alternative synthetic pathways are currently being investigated in our group. Since the elucidation of its molecular structure by Robinson in 1925, morphine has received tremendous attention from the synthetic community. Indeed, about 50 formal and total syntheses of morphinans have been reported since the original synthesis by Gate in 1952. Herein, the synthetic efforts achieving a 9-step formal synthesis of (±)-morphine from readily available starting materials such as o-vanillin is presented. This synthesis features the quick assembly of the phenanthrofuran framework of the natural product in only five steps. The tetracyclic intermediate was synthetized through the careful orchestration of a Diels-Alder/elimination/deprotection sequence as well as a telescopic Claisen rearrangement/Friedel-Crafts alkylation. Subsequent strategic functional group manipulations allowed us to reach the advanced compound in four more steps and thus intercepting a known intermediate, which required two additional chemical transformations to form morphine. Overall, the work presented in this thesis represents the development of innovative methods for the creative disconnection of natural products. These advancements promote the rapid assembly of molecular cores found in many bioactive molecules.
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Howgego, Christopher J. "Greek imperial countermarks : studies in the provincial coinage of the Roman empire /." London : Spink, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411200931.
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Howgego, Christopher J. "Greek imperial countermarks : studies in the provincial coinage of the Roman empire /." London : Royal numismatic society, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41437910d.
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Allen, Martin Robert. "The Durham mint : the control, organization, profits and output of an ecclesiastical mint." Thesis, Durham University, 1999. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4860/.
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Coupar, Sally-Anne. "The chronology and development of the coinage of Corinth to the Peloponnesian War." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2557/.
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This study's objective is to elucidate the numismatic history of the city of Corinth from the inception of the coinage to the beginning of the Peloponnesian War in 431BC. The method used in pursuit of the objective was to carry out a comprehensive die study which collected and analysed all known Corinthian dies with curved wing Pegasus type. Hoard and overstrike evidence was used to help order the sequence of the dies, as was the stylistic development. The numismatic, historical and archaeological evidence provided key dates which anchored the sequence and allowed the chronology of the coinage of Corinth to be revealed. The results of this study show that Corinth was one of the earliest Greek cities to issue coins. The silver necessary for the coinage was obtained from the coins of other cities and probably also from mines in the Thrace and Macedonian area. The main mint of Corinth was supplemented by an auxiliary mint at times and it also provided either dies or coins for Corinthian colonies. This study's conclusions indicate that the output from the Corinthian mint was sustained and prolific, and participation in the Corinthian economy was rigorously controlled by the city authorities. This study has also shown that the only evidence for a break in activity at the Corinthian mint is in the mid 450's BC, and that the operation of the mint was not affected by the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War.