Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cognitive linguistics'
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Dutra, Elaine Cristina Pereira. "Tradução e Cognição: Interfaces." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2009. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/3704.
Full textA presente pesquisa procura elencar os estudos da tradução relacionando-os aos campos da psicologia, antropologia, biologia, linguística cognitiva e literatura. Nosso objetivo é o de demonstrar a relação que existe entre a teoria do protótipo e a tradução. Ao início, explicitamos as correntes teóricas que versam sobre aquisição e aprendizagem de primeira e segunda línguas, bilinguismo, formação do tradutor, tipos de tradução, competências linguísticas relacionadas à tradução. O texto aborda e relaciona os processos psicológicos cognitivos ao ato de traduzir: introspecção, percepção, abstração, memória, pensamento, conceptualização. Apresentamos os papéis do efeito prototípico e da equivalência tradutiva, relacionando-os e conceituando-os, concluindo que há níveis de equivalência mais ou menos aceitáveis (efeito de gradiência/ prototípico) segundo o julgamento do tradutor e que há traços invariáveis (protótipos) que são percebidos e perpetuados por leitores e tradutores. Para corroborar a hipótese, analisamos textos traduzidos, buscando o efeito e a presença do protótipo e concluímos que este é o de maior ocorrência, o que reflete a rede de construções conceituais que norteia os processos de pensamento e de memória do tradutor.
This research attempts to relate translation studies to psychology, anthropology, biology, cognitive linguistics and literature. Our objective is to demonstrate the relationship between the theory of prototype and translation. To do so, we discuss the current theoretical focus on the acquisition and learning of the first and second languages, bilingualism, the training of the translator, types of translation, and the linguistic competence related to translation. We also present the psychological cognitive processes in the act of translate: introspection, perception, abstraction, memory, thought, conceptualizing. We present the role of the prototype effect and of equivalence in translation, relating them and evaluating them, concluding that there are levels of equivalence more or less acceptable (gradient effect / prototypical) according to the judgment of the translator and that there are invariable lines (prototypes) that are perceived and perpetuated by readers and translators. So as to corroborate with the hypothesis, we analyze translated texts, seeking the effect and the presence of the prototype and we conclude that the basic level is of the highest occurrence, and reflects the net of constructions that guide the translator’s thought and memory.
Saka, Paul. "Lexical decomposition in cognitive semantics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185592.
Full textPopovich, Derek J. "Arabic root forms of degree adjectives and cognitive semantics." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case157272463024508.
Full textVogel, Sarah K. Vogel. "Constructing Life: The Resultative Construction and Social Cognition in Moral Argumentation." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1534242803827082.
Full textAntony, Michael Verne. "Consciousness, content, and cognitive architecture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13729.
Full textJones, Robin Michael. "Linguistic and Cognitive Processing in Adults Who Stutter." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1396286306.
Full textJin, Lifeng. "Computational Modeling of Syntax Acquisition with Cognitive Constraints." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594934826359118.
Full textJohnson, Barbara Denise. "Modeling Cognitive Authority Relationships." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc955042/.
Full textNunes, Valeria Fernandes. "Narrativas em Libras: análise de processos cognitivos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6442.
Full textWords or expressions produced in sign languages are known as signs . Sign languages are produced specifically in visual form and signs meaning can be understood through the relationship with visual space, the signers relationship with the world and with the body. This study, based on Cognitive Linguistics, proposes to examine these relationships in signs of Brazilian Sign Language Libras, which were produced by ten deaf when narrating Turma da Mônica comic strip Não chora que eu dou um jeito. Cognitive processes were analyzed according to cognitive grammar (LANGACKER, 2008) , embodiment (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 1980) , conceptual metonymy (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 2003; EVANS; GREEN, 2006; KÖVECSES, 2010), categorization (CROFT; CRUSE, 2004; ROSCH apud FERRARI, 2011) , cognitive iconicity (WILCOX, 2000; QUADROS, 2004; WILCOX, 2004) and real space blend (FAUCONNIER; TURNER, 1996, 2003; LIDDELL, 2003; SHAFFER, 2012; DUDIS apud SHAFFER, 2012). It was found that some signs produced had an iconic relationship. From this reasoning, it was postulated that these signs could receive the following categorization: iconic signs (BOLA and CAIXA); iconic metonymic signs (CASA and INES); iconic metonymic embodied signs (MONICA e CHORAR). Through this classification, it was also proposed the categorization of personal nouns and verbs. Another cognitive process investigated was real space blend, found in six of the ten narratives, as a cognitive resource used to expose the receiver the differences between participants narration. These signs were removed from narratives, therefore stages of the narrative (LABOV apud FIGUEIREDO, 2009) and structure of comics ( SILVA, 2001; SOUZA, 2013 ) were analyzed. It was found that there wasnt a narrative with all Labovs stages, but narrations with some of those stages. Thus, by an initial investigation, this research provides questions about the cognitive processes used to produce signs of Libras in narratives
Hayes, Elizabeth R. "The pragmatics of perception and cognition in MT Jeremiah 1.1-6.30 : a cognitive linguistics approach." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432143.
Full textMitchell, Heather Lynn 1968. "Cognitive-linguistic processing demands and speech breathing." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278341.
Full textMakni, Fawzi. "Teaching polysemous words to Arab learners : a cognitive linguistics approach." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2013. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/20032/.
Full textNogueira, Priscilla de Almeida. "Gramaticalização da construção \'quase que\': motivações cognitivas para o uso da construção de incerteza." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-11122014-180858/.
Full textBefore this paper could be imagined, there was already a two-year work on constructions with similar pragmatic nature. We refer to the meio and meio que constructions. We wonder why individuals at high assertiveness would launch to strategies that sounded as telltale doubtful and uncertain about their status. That was the beginning of a new journey with the quase and quase que constructions and its possible grammaticalization process. As a teacher, the interest was to recognize their status and forms of pedagogical approach to some central elements of speech. As a researcher, the interest was to understand how a fluid mind let out this fluidity of thought by means of certain linguistic constructions. The perspective adopted for this study was cognitivefunctional. We conducted the historical tracking of quase and quase que constructions, using the composition of a sample of lexicographical works. That was how we identified their irrealis feature, which proved essential for understanding the functions assumed by the constructions and also to understand its course on language. The initial hypothesis was that quase encoded uncertainty, but analyzes have led to a new path. To answer the questions which arose during the research, we deal with three different corpora, and other samples, at appropriate times: letters from readers and writers of the 19th century; dissertative texts of vestibular candidates and abstracts of theses and dissertations of the 21st century. We assume in this paper that cognition, consciousness, experience, brain, interaction, society and culture are intrinsically connected in complex and dynamic forms in language
Stein, Edward D. "Rationality and the limits of cognitive science." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13126.
Full textGhio, Marta Virginia. "A cognitive and pragmatic approach to meaning : behavioral and neural correlates of concept processing." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/86017.
Full textIgnacio, Luana de Fatima Machado. "Compreensão de manchetes sob a perspectiva da mesclagem e da metáfora conceptual." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5344.
Full textThis dissertation is devoted to investigate the meaning-construction process in newspaper headlines. Conceptual Metaphor (LAKOFF and JOHNSON, 2002) and Blending (FAUCONNIER and TURNER, 2002) were assumed as complex cognitive operations imbricated in the reading comprehension and text construction processes. The metaphor is an important resource for structuring thought, experience and human action. The blending is an event/experiencesignifying mechanism, which brings together different realities by (de)compressing knowledge and cognitive routines activated during conceptualization. In this respect, this paper brings to surface the way meaningconstruction processes integrate the pieces of information stored in mind, intertwining stable domains and activating overlapping mental spaces for attaining emergent structures. For such, Meia-Hora de Notícias, O Dia and O Globo newspapers, from April 18th, 2011 to September 14th, 2011, feature the corpus of the present study, collected in the light of the above-mentioned theories. Evidences that metaphor and blending are able to explain the meanings produced by the headlines have been considered. The understanding of high school students from a public school were further verified in order to confront to the considerations disclosed in the present analysis. The results suggest that the blending played a role in comprehension as a cognitive, imaginative and creative process, expressed in language use so as to promote meaning construction. The metaphor also played a part in guiding the explanations concerning meaning, inasmuch as metaphoric conceptualizations substantiate the mental spaces of some integrative networks postulated for the analyses of the headlines
Reichgelt, Han. "Reference and quantification in the cognitive view of language." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20138.
Full textBianchi, Dylan Mila. "Know-how as the cognitive basis of skill." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113780.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 86-93).
This thesis seeks to develop and defend conceptions of know-how that shed light on the state's theoretical role as the cognitive basis of skilled action. In Chapter 1, 1 propose an account of knowhow based on the idea of information being accessible for a purpose. I argue that an account of this form sheds new light on the explanatory relationship between knowing how to o and being able to o. In Chapter 2, I develop the core components of a cognitivist, yet rule-free, conception of know-how. I show how this conception better accommodates the phenomenology of fluent skilled action and provides resources for a new way of thinking about practical modes of presentation. In Chapter 3, I explore the relationship between the know-how/know-that distinction and socioeconomic inequality
by Dylan Bianchi.
Ph. D. in Philosophy
ValÃrio, Yvantelmack Dantas. "Argumentation and Metaphor: an approaching Language Argument Theory and Cognitive Linguistics." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3682.
Full textThis work ains at discussing the Language Argument Theory (LAT) as presented by Oswald Ducrot and his collaborators. More specifically, it will approach the most recent LAT model: the Theory of the Semantic Blocks (SBT). The discussion will focus in argumentative enailments whose constitution comprises metaphoric expressions used as argument or conclusion for the entailment. An overview of the argument studies is presented as tentative to place the LAT in the range of these studies. Once placed the LAT, its origin and development ae discussed until the current model (SBT). Next, SBTâs principles and concepts are presented. Also are some metaphor conceptions introduced in order to justify the adoption of the cognitive metaphor model in the work. Some analyses of statements with metaphoric expressions withdrawn from opinion articles are perormed in order to confirm the thesis that the argumentative power of semantic blocks can only be established when the meanings restated by the metaphoric expressions present in the link are considered. For the treatment of those metaphoric expressions, we adopted the principles of the conceptual metaphor theory, as established by Cognitive Linguistics. Finally, itâs pondered that, being the metaphor part of our cognitive system, itâs impossible not to consider it influence in a study that intends to describe the linguistic system, for the language is directly influenced by the configuration assumed by our cognitive-conceptual system.
Este trabalho se propÃe discutir a Teoria da ArgumentaÃÃo na LÃngua (TAL) conforme apresentada por Oswald Ducrot e colaboradores. Mais especificamente, abordarà o modelo mais recente da TAL: a Teoria dos Blocos SemÃnticos (TBS). A discussÃo concertrar-se-à em encadeamentos argumentativos cuja constituiÃÃo comporte expressÃes metafÃricas empregadas como argumento ou conclusÃo do encadeamento. Faz-se um panoroma dos estudos de argumentaÃÃo, com o intuito de situar a TAL no quadro desses estudos. Situada a Tal, discorre-se sobre sua origem e desenvolvimento atà seu modelo atual (TBS). Mostram-se, em seguida os princÃpios e os conceitos da TBS. Apresentam-se ainda algumas concepÃÃes de metÃfora a fim de justificar a adoÃÃo, neste trabalho, do modelo de metÃfora conceitual. Realizam-se algumas anÃlises de enunciados portadores de expressÃes metafÃricas retirados de artigos de opiniÃo para defender a tese de que o valor argumentativo de bloco semÃntico somente pode ser estabelecido, quando se leva em consideraÃÃo os sentidos atualizados pelas expressÃes metafÃricas presentes no encadeamento. Para o tratamento dessas expressÃes metafÃricas adotamos os princÃpios da metÃfora conceitual, conforme estabelecidos pela LingÃÃstica Cognitiva. Pondera-se, por fim, que, sendo a metÃfora constitutiva de nosso sistema cognitivo, nÃo à possÃvel desconsiderÃ-la em um estudo que pretenda descrever o sistema lingÃÃstico, pois a lÃngua à diretamente influenciada pela configuraÃÃo assumida por nosso sistema cognitivo-conceitual.
Zhao, Tinghao. "The Perceptual Basis of Abstract Concepts in Polysemy Networks – An Interdisciplinary Study." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1511400502977642.
Full textHayes, Elizabeth R. "The pragmatics of perception and cognition in MT Jeremiah 1:1-6:30 a cognitive linguistics approach." Berlin New York de Gruyter, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988076853/04.
Full textHammer, Sjobor Athon. "Face, Space, And Anxiety: An Ethnographic Study of the Kansas Historical Society's Social Media Usage." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1428009790.
Full textPinheiro, Raquel Martins Melo. "O frame aula: uma análise sociocognitiva do discurso docente." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2009. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2758.
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Esta dissertação integra o projeto-mãe “Práticas de Oralidade e Cidadania” (MIRANDA, 2007 - FAPEMIG/CNPq) cuja discussão central converge para a crise das práticas de oralidade nas instâncias públicas da sociedade brasileira e seu reflexo na sala de aula, almejando um repensar da educação lingüística em sua equação com a educação de valores éticos e morais. Este trabalho é um estudo de caso e tem como propósito investigativo compreender como os professores conceptualizam o frame Aula, quais as práticas mais comuns realizadas por eles e seus alunos nesta cena e qual a perspectiva sobre uma aula ideal. Nosso corpus investigativo, construído a partir de um instrumento – um questionário semiaberto - é composto pelos discursos de 42 docentes do 6º. e 9º anos do ensino fundamental, da rede municipal de Juiz de Fora - MG, distribuídos por vinte e uma escolas urbanas. A metodologia utilizada para a operacionalização dos dados integra procedimentos quantitativos e qualitativos. Ferramentas computacionais disponibilizadas pela Linguística de Corpus (programa WordSmith Tools) foram usadas para fazer emergir padrões de freqüência. O aporte analítico central se funda nos pressupostos da Lingüística Cognitiva, em especial os processos de conceptualização e categorização (LAKOFF e JOHNSON, 1999; LAKOFF, 1987; FAUCONNIER e TURNER, 2002; CROFT, W. e CRUSE, 2004; SALOMÃO, 1999, 2006; MIRANDA, 2002) e a semântica de frames (FILLMORE, 1977, 1979, 1982), com destaque para o projeto lexicográfico FrameNet (www.framenet.icsi.berkeley.edu ) . Os estudos da Antropologia Evolucionista (TOMASELLO, 2003) e da Psicologia Cognitiva (CLARK, 1996) sobre o caráter cultural e interacional da cognição humana e da linguagem somam-se a este aporte teórico, também enriquecido pela perspectiva crítica de uma Linguística Aplicada comprometida com uma agenda ética (LOPES, 2006; RAJAGOPALAN, 2003; MIRANDA, 2005, 2006, 2008) e pelos estudos de ARAÚJO (2002, 2009) sobre ética, democracia escolar e educação comunitária. Como conclusões analíticas, erigem-se duas perspectivas sobre o frame Aula - aula como uma prática de TROCAS e aula como uma prática de TRANSFERENCIA. Destas projeções, emergem duas metáforas conceptuais: AULA É TROCA e AULA É TRANSFERÊNCIA. A aula como TROCA é a perspectiva majoritária no corpus. A aula é definida como uma açãoconjunta entre o professor e seus alunos no encalço de uma concepção sociointeracionista de educação, os professores se reconhecem no frame Aula como os Trocadores1, isto é, como os protagonistas da cena que detêm o objeto da troca, seja ele matéria ou experiência. Neste sentido, reafirmam sua relação assimétrica com o aluno. As ações docentes descritas pelos professores propõem a interface com as realidades dos alunos. Enquanto que metade das ações discentes descritas negligencia o frame escolar. A responsabilidade pela aula ideal, segundo os professores, reside, primeiramente, no docente e, por último na Família e no Estado. A quase ausência da família nesta cena e, por outro lado, o largo protagonismo do professor são, sem dúvida, dados merecedores de atenção. Assim, a busca por ações interventivas que resgatem os valores morais e éticos da sociedade, equacionando-os a uma educação lingüística mestiça constitui uma meta urgente.
This dissertation integrates the matrix-project “Orality, citizenship and their practices” (MIRANDA, 2007 - CNPq and FAPEMIG), which has as central discussion focus on the orality practices crisis in public instances of Brazilian society and its reflex in the classroom, and also aims a rethinking of the linguistic education in its equation with the education of ethic and moral values. This paper is a case study and has as investigative purpose to comprehend how teachers conceptualize the Class frame, which practices are most commonly used in this scene and what is the perspective of an ideal class. Our investigative corpus, built from an instrument – a semi-open questionnaire – is composed by discourses of 42 teachers from the 6th to the 9th year of elementary school, of the municipal public education system of Juiz de Fora – MG, spread over 21 urban schools. The methodology used for the operationalization of data integrates quantitative and qualitative procedures. Computational tools from the Corpus Linguistics (WordSmith Tools Programme) were used to emerge frequency models. The central analytic contribution bases on Cognitive Linguistics assumptions, specially the conceptualization and categorization processes (LAKOFF and JOHNSON, 1999; LAKOFF, 1987; FAUCONNIER and TURNER, 2002; CROFT, W. and CRUSE, 2004; SALOMÃO, 1999, 2006; MIRANDA, 2002) and the frames semantics (FILLMORE, 1977, 1979, 1982), with highlight on the lexicographic project FrameNet (www.framenet.icsi.berkeley.edu). The Evolutionist Anthropology studies (TOMASELLO, 2003) and the Cognitive Psychology (CLARK, 1996) about the cultural and interactive character of human cognition and language add up to this theoretical contribution, also enriched by the critical perspective of Applied Linguistics that is committed with an ethic agenda (LOPES, 2006; RAJAGOPALAN, 2003; MIRANDA, 2005, 2006, 2008) and by the studies from ARAÚJO (2002, 2009) about ethics, scholar democracy and communitarian education. As analytical conclusions rear two perspectives about the Class frame – class as EXCHANGES practice and class as TRANSFERENCE practice. From these projections emerge two conceptual metaphors: CLASS IS EXCHANGE and CLASS IS TRANSFERENCE. The class as EXCHANGE is a majority perspective in the corpus. The class is defined as a conjunct-action between the teacher and the students together with a sociointeractionist conception of education. Teachers recognize themselves in the Class frame as the Exchangers 1, i.e. as the protagonists of the scene that detain the exchange object, this last being matter or experience. In this sense, they reassure their asymmetric relation with the student. The teachers' actions described by themselves propose the interface with the reality of the students. Whereas half of the described student actions neglect the scholar frame. The responsibility for the the ideal class, according to the teachers, is primarily held by teachers and finally by Family and the State. The almost absence of family in this scene and, on the other hand, the broad protagonism of of the teacher are, undoubtedly, attention-worthy data. Thus, the search for interventional actions that rescue moral and ethic values of society, equating them to a hybrid linguistic education, compose an urgent goal.
Meylan, Stephan Charles. "Representing Linguistic Knowledge with Probabilistic Models." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10931065.
Full textThe use of language is one of the defining features of human cognition. Focusing here on two key features of language, productivity and robustness, I examine how basic questions regarding linguistic representation can be approached with the help of probabilistic generative language models, or PGLMs. These statistical models, which capture aspects of linguistic structure in terms of distributions over events, can serve as both the product of language learning and as prior knowledge in real-time language processing. In the first two chapters, I show how PGLMs can be used to make inferences about the nature of people's linguistic representations. In Chapter 1, I look at the representations of language learners, tracing the earliest evidence for a noun category in large developmental corpora. In Chapter 2, I evaluate broad-coverage language models reflecting contrasting assumptions about the information sources and abstractions used for in-context spoken word recognition in their ability to capture people's behavior in a large online game of “Telephone.” In Chapter 3, I show how these models can be used to examine the properties of lexicons. I use a measure derived from a probabilistic generative model of word structure to provide a novel interpretation of a longstanding linguistic universal, motivating it in terms of cognitive pressures that arise from communication. I conclude by considering the prospects for a unified, expectations-oriented account of language processing and first language learning.
Xia, Xiaoyan, and 夏晓燕. "Categorization and L2 vocabulary learning: a cognitive linguistic perspective." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46287929.
Full textHamrick, Phillip. "The Effectiveness of Cognitive Grammar and Traditional Grammar in L1 Pedagogy: An Empirical Test." Connect to resource online, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1212177577.
Full textMueller, Nicole. "The agent and related categories in early Welsh and early Irish with special reference to narrative texts : aspects of marking and usage." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334143.
Full textAckerman, Lauren Marie. "In uences on Parsing Ambiguity." Thesis, Northwestern University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3741393.
Full textThe primary goal of this dissertation is to characterize the relative strength of two of the influences on the parser’s behavior during ambiguity resolution: coreference dependency formation and verb frame preference. I find that coreference dependency formation exerts a stronger influence on the parser than does verb frame preference, even when verb frame preference is maximized in transitively biased frames.
Previous studies have shown local attachment bias initially directs the parser to an embedded object analysis in sentences like (1), in which the DP Annie’s melody is locally ambiguous between the embedded object (EO)/matrix subject (MS) analyses (Ferreira and Henderson, 1990).
(1) Whenever she was trying to casually hum Annie’s melody was beautiful.
Additionally, (1) contains a cataphoric pronoun she which triggers an active search for an antecedent, whereby the parser seeks the antecedent only in grammatically sanctioned positions, such as where the antecedent is not c-commanded by the pronoun (Kazanina et al., 2007; van Gompel and Liversedge, 2003). In (1), the closest potential antecedent is Annie. However, it can be the antecedent only if the DP that contains it is analyzed as the MS, thus outside the whenever-clause and not c-commanded by she. A bias toward an early cataphoric dependency formation could lead the parser to analyze the ambiguous DP as the MS. In (1), there is a bias toward a MS analysis from the antecedent search in addition to a bias toward the local attachment EO analysis.
I find that, regardless of the transitivity bias of the verb in the position of hums, the parser forms a dependency between the pronoun she and Annie. This indicates that dependency formation can supersede verb frame preferences and any default preference the parser may have toward local attachment (Phillips and Gibson, 1997). Moreover, I also observe effects attributable to both the MS and EO parses. This suggests that the parser builds both alternatives and maintains them in parallel. From this, I conclude that the parser prioritizes information from an ongoing dependency search over lexical properties during ambiguity resolution.
Kline, Valerie. "Category Specific Semantic Impairments." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10003760.
Full textCategory-specific semantic deficits (CSSD) result in the inability to recognize, recall, and/or remember objects from a particular semantic category. There is a common pattern of impairments observed in CSSD patients that is reviewed in Section One. In Section Two, I used a tempo-matching speeded word verification task to investigate the early stages of semantic memory to examine the similarities between healthy participants under time pressure and the patient data. Specifically, I sought to produce in the latter the reversal of the basic level effect found in CSSD, and to examine healthy participant data for other CSSD trends. The speeded methodology generally failed to replicate the reversal of the basic level effect, except for several specific items at the shortest response deadline. The final study in Section Two examines the effect of semantic relatedness on this task. Three types of semantic relatedness each reduced the speed and accuracy of responses relative to unrelated conditions. Section Three provides an overview and discussion of the results. The failure to replicate the reversal of the basic level effect suggests that speeded classification of neuropsychologically relevant stimuli does not share a common etiology with CSSD.
Foster, Maha Saliba. "Visual Speech Perception of Arabic Emphatics and Gutturals." Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10151052.
Full textThis investigation explores the potential effect on perception of speech visual cues associated with Arabic gutturals (AGs) and Arabic emphatics (AEs); AEs are pharyngealized phonemes characterized by a visually salient primary articulation but a rather invisible secondary articulation produced deep in the pharynx. The corpus consisted of 72 minimal pairs each containing two contrasting consonants of interest (COIs), an emphatic versus a non-emphatic, or a guttural paired with another guttural. In order to assess the potential effect that visual speech information in the lips, chin, cheeks, and neck has on the perception of the COIs, production data elicited from 4 native Lebanese speakers was captured on videos that were edited to allow perceivers to see only certain regions of the face. Fifty three Lebanese perceivers watched the muted movies each presented with a minimal pair containing the word uttered in the video, and selected in a forced identification task the word they thought they saw the speaker say.
The speakers’ speech was analyzed to help explore what in their production informed correct identification of the COIs. Perceivers were above chance at correctly identifying AEs and AGs, though AEs were better perceived than AGs. In the emphatic category, the effect on perception of measurement differences between a word and its pair was submitted to automatic speech recognition. The machine learning models were generally successful at correctly classifying COIs as emphatic or non-emphatics across vowel contexts; the models were able to predict the probability of perceivers’ accuracy in identifying certain COIs produced by certain speakers; also, an overlap between the measurements selected by the computer and those selected by human perceivers was found. No difference in perception of AEs according to the part of the face that was visible was observed, suggesting that the lips, present in all of the videos, were most important for perception of emphasis. Conversely, in the perception of AGs, lips were not as informative and perceivers relied more on cheeks and chin. The presence of visible cues associated with the AEs, particularly in the lips, suggests that such visual cues might be informative for non-native learners as well, if they were trained to attend to them.
Kazi, Marisha S. "The Effect of Gestural Priming on Semantic Feature Frequency." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1491825566290727.
Full textLakey, Holly. "The Grammar of Fear: Morphosyntactic Metaphor in Fear Constructions." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20415.
Full textBarotto, Alessandra. "Exemplification and categorization: the case of Japanese." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/77243.
Full textLindes, Peter. "OntoSoar: Using Language to Find Genealogy Facts." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4133.
Full textPerkins, Lisa. "The impact of cognitive neuropsychological impairments on conversational ability in aphasia." Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.335014.
Full textFerreira, Flancieni Aline Rocha. "Processos cognitivos subjacentes às interpretações em Libras da música Aquarela." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9299.
Full textThis study aims to analyze cognitive processes in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras), present in two interpretations of Aquarela music. The cognitive processes were investigated based on embodiment, conceptual metaphor (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 2002), the conceptual metonymy (LAKOFF; JOHNSON, 2003; EVANS; GREEN, 2006; KÖVECSES, 2010) and cognitive iconicity (Wilcox, 2000; TABLES, 2004; WILCOX, 2004). In addition to these senses construction processes, it was analyzed the image schemes (EVANS; GREEN, 2006; GIBBS; COLSTON apud GEERAERTS, 2006). From this foundation, were found signs classified as iconic-metonymic signs, iconic- metonymic-embodied signs, according to Nunes (2014), and iconic-embodied. It was studied image schemas in signs and classifiers. Considering that these signs and classifiers are present in music interpretations, its also analyzed procedures and techniques used in Libras translations and interpretations. From the analysis, it was found among the cognitive processes at these interpretations that the main conceptual metaphors in Portuguese remain in Libras interpretations. However, in Libras, a new metaphor was postulated. Thus, this research provides questions about cognitive processes in signs and classifiers in Libras interpretations
Yuan, Wenjuan. "A cognitive poetics of kinaesthesia in Wordsworth." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28585/.
Full textGao, Hua. "A cognitive-functional investigation of questions in Chinese." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3473790X.
Full textCollins, Michael Xavier. "Cognitive Perspectives On English Word Order." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343315752.
Full textParker, Jeffrey. "Inflectional Complexity and Cognitive Processing: An Experimental and Corpus-based Investigation of Russian Nouns." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1467904555.
Full textLevin, Alexandra. "Writing Out Your Feelings: Linguistics, Creativity, & Mood Disorders." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/963.
Full textGao, Hua, and 高華. "A cognitive-functional investigation of questions in Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3473790X.
Full textSalinas, Barrios Ivan Eduardo. "Embodied experiences for science learning| A cognitive linguistics exploration of middle school students' language in learning about water." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3634266.
Full textI investigated linguistic patterns in middle school students' writing to understand their relevant embodied experiences for learning science. Embodied experiences are those limited by the perceptual and motor constraints of the human body. Recent research indicates student understanding of science needs embodied experiences. Recent emphases of science education researchers in the practices of science suggest that students' understanding of systems and their structure, scale, size, representations, and causality are crosscutting concepts that unify all scientific disciplinary areas. To discern the relationship between linguistic patterns and embodied experiences, I relied on Cognitive Linguistics, a field within cognitive sciences that pays attention to language organization and use assuming that language reflects the human cognitive system. Particularly, I investigated the embodied experiences that 268 middle school students learning about water brought to understanding: i) systems and system structure; ii) scale, size and representations; and iii) causality. Using content analysis, I explored students' language in search of patterns regarding linguistic phenomena described within cognitive linguistics: image schemas, conceptual metaphors, event schemas, semantical roles, and force-dynamics. I found several common embodied experiences organizing students' understanding of crosscutting concepts. Perception of boundaries and change in location and perception of spatial organization in the vertical axis are relevant embodied experiences for students' understanding of systems and system structure. Direct object manipulation and perception of size with and without locomotion are relevant for understanding scale, size and representations. Direct applications of force and consequential perception of movement or change in form are relevant for understanding of causality. I discuss implications of these findings for research and science teaching.
Peverada, Christopher. "Effects of sociocultural embodiment on use of RUN." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1301598994.
Full textDornelas, Aline Bisotti. "Construções de movimento fictivo em Português do Brasil: cognição e corpus." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2014. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4638.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar Construções de Movimento Fictivo do Português do Brasil (CMF), do tipo “A estrada vai até a praça...” e “A veia percorre toda a extensão do braço...”. Tais construções utilizam um verbo de movimento associado a um tema estático. Como base teórica, utilizamos pressupostos da Linguística Cognitiva (TALMY, 2000; LANGACKER, 1987, 1999, 2008; FAUCONNIER, 1997; FAUCONNIER; TURNER, 2002) e dos Modelos de Gramática Baseados no Uso (LANGACKER, 1987, 1999, 2008; GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006; GOLDBERG; JACKENDOFF, 2004). Como aporte metodológico, elegemos instrumentos da Linguística de Corpus(SARDINHA, 2004; SILVA, 2008), que forneceram condições para a formação de um corpus específicos das CMF, com 536 ocorrências. A análise subsequente revelou dois padrões formais mais produtivos: (1)[XSNEYVM(ZSP)] (...o cabelo(SNE)ia(VM)até o pé(SP)) e (2) [XSNE YVM ZSN] (A artéria vertebral(SNE) (...) percorre(VM)o restante da coluna(SN)). O padrão (1), com variações, apresentou 34 tipos e 372 ocorrências; o padrão (2), com variações, 16 tipos e 164 ocorrências. Postula–se que a motivação cognitiva das CMF advémdo processo de mesclagem conceptual entreum domínio de experiência de movimento e outrorelacionado visualmente à extensão, o que promove um escaneamento visual da extensão. Essa motivação faz com que, no polo semântico–pragmático, as CMF evoquem uma matriz dominial caracterizadora de espaço físico, focalizando domínios conceptuais de área, dimensão, localização, formato, posição e direção. Pragmaticamente, possuem função descritiva, possibilitando a reconstrução mental da cena estática em questão. Quanto ao ambiente discursivo, as CMF se encontram em maior número nos gêneros ficção e acadêmico e estão relacionadas a tópicos conversacionais como anatomia, turismo, geografia, urbanismo, construção, vestuário e explicação de rotas, que têm como centro a descrição de trajetórias ou outros objetos que são conceptualizados como trajetórias.Assim, nossa análise coloca as CMF como mais um nódulo na rede de construções do PB e procura contribuir com a descrição de nova rede – a rede construcional do movimento. A análise das CMF traz à tona a atuação da mesclagem conceptual na formação de novas construções. Atesta, ainda, a relevância da abordagem da linguagem corporificada proposta pela Linguística Cognitiva e a visão da língua como inventário de construções moldadas pelo uso discursivo.
The present work aims at describing and analyzing the Fictive Motion Constructions of Brazilian Portuguese(FMC) such as “A Estrada vaiaté a praça…” and “A veiapercorretoda a extensão do braço…”. These constructions use a motion verb with a static theme. As theoretical basis we use the constructs of Cognitive Linguistics (TALMY, 2000; LANGACKER, 1987, 1999, 2008; FAUCONNIER, 1997; FAUCONNIER; TURNER, 2002) and the Usage–based Models of Grammar (LANGACKER, 1987, 1999, 2008; GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006; GOLDBERG; JACKENDOFF, 2004). For methodology, we chose Corpus Linguistics instruments (SARDINHA, 2004; SILVA, 2008) that provided conditions for the construction of a specific corpus, containing 536 examples of FM constructions. The analysisledustotwomain formal patterns: (1) [XNPSYVM (ZPP)] (...o cabelo(NPS)ia(VM)até o pé(PP)) e (2) [XNPS YVM ZNP] (A artéria vertebral(NPS) (...) percorre(VM)o restante da coluna(NP)). The first one and its variations presented 34 types and 372 occurrences; the second one, and its variations, 16 types and 164 occurrences. It’s assumed thatCMFs cognitive motivation comes from conceptual blending processes which integrate an experience of motion domain to a visual domain related to the extension described. This integration promotes a visual scanning of this extension. The conceptual motivation allows the FMC to evocate, in its semantic–pragmatic pole, a space qualifier conceptual matrix which focuses on area, dimension, location, shape, position and direction domains. In pragmatic dimension, FM constructions have descriptive function and make possible the mental reconstruction of static scenes. About discursive environment, we found great number of FMC in genres academic and fiction. They are also related to conversational topics such as anatomy, tourism, geography, urbanism, construction, clothing and routes explanations, because these topics have, as its central subject, trajectories or extensions conceptualized as trajectories. Therefore, our analysis locates FMC as a specific construction standard inside the construction network of Brazilian Portuguese. Besides, our work aims at contributing for the description of a new construction network, related to movement verbs. The analysis of FMC brings out the role of conceptual blending at new constructions building. It also attests the relevance of Cognitive Linguistics embodied language approachand the vision of language as an inventory of constructions shaped in discourse.
Ploch, Stefan. "Nasals on my mind : the phonetic and the cognitive approach to the phonology of nasality." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1999. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28526/.
Full textFranco, Joana Bortolini. "Significado corporeado e significado como uso: uma investigação das relações entre a linguística cognitiva e a filosofia de Wittgenstein." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-22052015-103908/.
Full textThis thesis presents the main results of a research dedicated to comparing and confronting Cognitive Linguistics conceptions of language and meaning with the formulations of the second phase of Ludwig Wittgensteins philosophy. Based on the reading and interpretation of fundamental texts in Cognitive Linguistics and of important publications of Wittgenstein, this thesis aims at highlighting the similarities and differences between these two lines of thought, in order to suggest promising lines of dialogue between them. It also intends to include in the debate other trends of Cognitive Sciences, respecting the interdisciplinary view of the language conceptions which have oriented this research. Although the discussions especially concern the notions of meaning and language, they also involve conceptions of rationality and cognition that touch several contemporary themes of relevance in western thought. In the early chapters, these notions appear in a wider context of thought, side by side in a debate between two paradigms: the objectivist and the experientialist paradigms. Cognitive Linguistics and late Wittgensteins philosophy likewise assume that human language cannot be considered as something isolated from its concrete use. The conflict between them begins when we have, on the one hand, a conception of meaning grounded in the experience with the body as a biological organism, and, on the other hand, an approach to language that excludes the concern with any causal fundament of language use. This difference has been partially presented in terms of a difference between Science and Philosophy, but mainly taking into account the internalist aspect of Cognitive Linguistics and the externalist aspect of Wittgensteins conceptions. After discussing the models of Cognitive Linguistics to explain certain particularities of language use, which Wittgenstein has likewise noted, the notions of language-game and form of life are investigated; an interpretation focused on the idea of language as human action has been proposed. This interpretation suggests that the notion of form of life should be seen from an interactionist point of view, which has consequences to the conception of meaning brought from Wittgenstein and to its approximation with Cognitive Linguistics. Finally, the original research questions are reset with a new focus: the problems suggested by the difference between Science and Philosophy are left aside and the opposition between embodied meaning and public meaning is reformulated to the one that gives title of this thesis: embodied meaning and meaning as use. This reformulation points to the necessity of not opposing an embodied conception of meaning and an interactional and action oriented view, as found in the second philosophy of Wittgenstein.
Gonthier, Isabelle. "L'influence des connaissances phonologiques et semantiques dans le traitement lexical: Le role de la valeur d'imagerie des mots." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29017.
Full textMahfoudhi, Abdessatar. "Morphological and phonological units in the Arabic mental lexicon: Implications for theories of morphology and lexical processing." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29232.
Full textGokcesu, Bahriye Selin. "Metaphor processing and polysemy." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3297104.
Full textTitle from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 29, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: B, page: 1354. Adviser: Robert Goldstone.