Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cognitive correlates

Academic literature on the topic 'Cognitive correlates'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cognitive correlates"

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Maiti, Baijayanta, Jonathan M. Koller, Abraham Z. Snyder, Aaron B. Tanenbaum, Scott A. Norris, Meghan C. Campbell, and Joel S. Perlmutter. "Cognitive correlates of cerebellar resting-state functional connectivity in Parkinson disease." Neurology 94, no. 4 (December 17, 2019): e384-e396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000008754.

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ObjectiveTo investigate in a cross-sectional study the contributions of altered cerebellar resting-state functional connectivity (FC) to cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease (PD).MethodsWe conducted morphometric and resting-state FC-MRI analyses contrasting 81 participants with PD and 43 age-matched healthy controls using rigorous quality assurance measures. To investigate the relationship of cerebellar FC to cognitive status, we compared participants with PD without cognitive impairment (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] scale score 0, n = 47) to participants with PD with impaired cognition (CDR score ≥0.5, n = 34). Comprehensive measures of cognition across the 5 cognitive domains were assessed for behavioral correlations.ResultsThe participants with PD had significantly weaker FC between the vermis and peristriate visual association cortex compared to controls, and the strength of this FC correlated with visuospatial function and global cognition. In contrast, weaker FC between the vermis and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was found in the cognitively impaired PD group compared to participants with PD without cognitive impairment. This effect correlated with deficits in attention, executive functions, and global cognition. No group differences in cerebellar lobular volumes or regional cortical thickness of the significant cortical clusters were observed.ConclusionThese results demonstrate a correlation between cerebellar vermal FC and cognitive impairment in PD. The absence of significant atrophy in cerebellum or relevant cortical areas suggests that this could be related to local pathophysiology such as neurotransmitter dysfunction.
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Uytterhaegen, Anna. "Cognitive Correlates of Bilingualism." Lingwistyka Stosowana 2/2016, no. 17 (June 27, 2016): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32612/uw.20804814.2016.2.pp.103-111.

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Easton, J. Donald. "Cognitive Correlates of Leukoaraiosis." Cerebrovascular Diseases 7, no. 3 (1997): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000108178.

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Murdock, Kyle W., Kate B. Oddi, and David J. Bridgett. "Cognitive Correlates of Personality." Journal of Individual Differences 34, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000104.

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Research examining associations between executive functioning (EF) and personality traits has demonstrated promising results; however, examination of associations between Big Five personality traits and EF using an established EF framework has yet to be demonstrated. The present study examines associations between three aspects of EF (i.e., Cognitive Flexibility, Inhibition, and Updating/Monitoring), based upon a well-established EF framework, and Big Five personality traits. Participants (N = 182) completed neuropsychological measures of Cognitive Flexibility, Inhibition, and Updating/Monitoring as well as a self-report measure of personality. Better Updating/Monitoring was associated with lower Neuroticism and higher Openness. Openness was also positively associated with Cognitive Flexibility. These findings suggest that there may be a common underlying cognitive characteristic (i.e., Updating/Monitoring) linked with Neuroticism and Openness. Additional implications of these findings are discussed.
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Salthouse, Timothy A. "Correlates of cognitive change." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 143, no. 3 (June 2014): 1026–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0034847.

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Luca, Maria, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn, Sirawit Sriwichaiin, and Antonina Luca. "Cognitive-Behavioural Correlates of Dysbiosis: A Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14 (July 8, 2020): 4834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21144834.

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Evidence suggests an association between an altered gut microbiota (dysbiosis), cognitive performance and behaviour. This paper provides an overview of the current literature regarding the cognitive-behavioural correlates of dysbiosis, with special attention on the clinical and biochemical mechanisms underlying the association between dysbiosis, cognition (mild cognitive impairment and dementia) and behaviour (depression, schizophrenia, addiction). After providing an overview of the evidence, the review discusses the molecular aspects that could account for the cognitive-behavioural correlates of dysbiosis. Shedding light on this topic could provide insights regarding the pathogenesis of these burdening neuropsychiatric disorders and even suggest future therapeutic strategies.
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Simonetti, A., E. Bernardi, G. Bartolucci, O. Ferrara, S. Ruggiero, M. Di Nicola, D. Janiri, and G. Sani. "Cognitive correlates of mixed depression." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.261.

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Introduction Mixed depressive states portend greater rates of impulsivity, attempted suicide, treatment resistance, and poorer outcome than non-mixed forms of depression. The neurocognitive bases of such affective states have not been defined yet. Objectives This work represents an attempt to clarify the neuropsychology underlying mixed depressive states. Methods Thirty subjects with affective disorders with mixed depression (MxD), 54 subjects with non-mixed depression (nonMxD), 73 euthymic subjects (Eu) and 93 healthy comparisons (HC) underwent a neurocognitive battery including the Trail-Making Test (TMT), the Controlled Word Fluency Test (WFT) and the Semantic Fluency Test (SFT), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST, the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test RAVLT, the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test ROCFT, the Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM), and the Interference Component of the Stroop Test (ST). Between-group differences were performed through multiple one-way analyses of variance. Post-hoc analyses were performed using Tukey post-hoc tests. Results HC performed better than the three patient groups in all the aforementioned neurocognitive tests. Eu performed better in RPM, TMT, SFT than nonMxD, and better on ST WCST than both nonMxD and MxD. MxD showed better performances in RPM, TMT-A, WCST than nonMxD, and more errors and less reaction times in the ST than nonMxD. Conclusions Mixed depressive states are characterized by enhanced attentional resources and greater set shifting abilities than non-mixed depressive states. On the other hand, they have less cognitive control than non-mixed depression. Such findings might explain some typical features observed in subjects with mixed depression, such impulsivity, suicidality, emotional reactivity and behavioral dyscontrol. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Paris, Scott G. "Cognitive Correlates of Children's Reading." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 31, no. 2 (February 1986): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/024493.

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Rypma, Bart, Jeffrey S. Berger, Vivek Prabhakaran, Benjamin Martin Bly, Daniel Y. Kimberg, Bharat B. Biswal, and Mark D'Esposito. "Neural correlates of cognitive efficiency." NeuroImage 33, no. 3 (November 2006): 969–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.05.065.

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Guyader, N., C. Marendaz, C. Pichat, JF LeBas, and C. Peyrin. "Neural correlates of cognitive saccades." NeuroImage 47 (July 2009): S66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70354-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cognitive correlates"

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Ortiz, Gil Jordi. "The neural correlates of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia / Els correlats neurals del dèficit cognitiu en l’esquizofrènia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/91283.

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Background: In recent years it has become recognized that schizophrenia is associated with cognitive impairment, which affects particularly executive function and memory. Although cognitive impairment implies brain damage or dysfunction, little is known about the relationship of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia to the structural and functional brain abnormalities that characterize the disorder. Aims and hypothesis: This study aimed to identify structural and/or functional brain abnormalities associated with cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. According to the literature reviewed, the general hypothesis is that the cognitive deficits of schizophrenic patients are reflected in both structural and functional brain changes. Accordingly, we expect that patients with cognitive impairment will have more GM reductions and more dysfunctional patterns of brain activity than patents without such deficits. Method. structural MRI and voxel-based morphometry was carried out in 26 cognitively impaired and 23 cognitively preserved schizophrenia patients, plus 39 matched controls. Nineteen cognitively impaired patients, 18 cognitively preserved patients and 34 controls also underwent fMRI during performance of a working memory task. Some subjects, partly corresponding to the ones participating in the neuroimaging study, were also administered a battery of tests of different cognitive functions. Altogether, 25 participants with schizophrenia and relatively preserved cognitive function, 29 with impaired functions and 22 healthy participants were included in this part of the study. Results: The participants with cognitive impairment in executive functioning and memory also perform worse on visuospatial and language tasks when compared to other patients intact in memory and executive function and controls. These differences are independent of estimated premorbid IQ. No differences were found between the cognitively intact and cognitively impaired groups in lateral ventricular volume or whole brain volume. Voxel-based morphometry also failed to reveal clusters of significant difference in either GM or WM volume between the two patient groups. However, during performance of the n-back task, the cases with schizophrenia and impaired cognitition showed hypoactivation compared to the cognitively intact patients in DLPFC among other brain regions. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that structural brain abnormality in schizophrenia is a function of having the disorder, not the cognitive impairment that accompanies it. In contrast, a substantial part of the task-related functional imaging abnormality appears to reflect cognitive impairment.
MARCO: Los déficits cognitivos son una característica conocida de la esquizofrenia. Sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre su relación con las anormalidades cerebrales tanto estructurales como funcionales que caracterizan dicha enfermedad. OBJETIVOS: Identificar las alteraciones estructurales y/o funcionales asociadas al déficit cognitivo en la esquizofrenia. MÉTODO: Se adquirió imágenes de resonancia magnética funcional (RMf) y morfometría basada en el vóxel (VBM) en 26 participantes que tenían alteraciones cognitivas y 23 que presentaban una cognición relativamente preservada, todos con esquizofrenia, así como en 39 controles apareados. Diecinueve de quienes presentaban déficits cognitivos y 18 de los preservados cognitivamente y 24 controles también ejecutaron una tarea n-back de memoria de trabajo durante la adquisición de imágenes de RMf. RESULTADOS: No se encontró diferencias entre los participantes con cognición preservada y quienes presentaban déficits cognitivos en el volumen de los ventrículos laterales ni tampoco en el volumen cerebral total. La VBM tampoco mostró clústers con diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en el volumen de sustancia blanca y gris. Sin embargo, durante la realización de la tarea n-back de memoria de trabajo, los participantes con alteración cognitiva presentaron hipoactivación en la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral, entre otras regiones, en relación a quienes mostraban una cognición preservada. CONCLUSIONES: No se encontró evidencia de que los déficits cognitivos de la esquizofrenia sean una función de anormalidades cerebrales estructurales que acompañan a la enfermedad sino que se asociarían con un funcionamiento cerebral alterado.
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Aquan-Assee, Jasmin Soylin Elizabeth. "Induced pain : cognitive and behavioural correlates." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28574.

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Cognitive processes have recently received considerable attention in studies of pain. Belief systems, coping mechanisms, perceptions of control and self-efficacy, and other cognitive systems appear to play a central role in determining individual differences to painful events (Rollman, 1983; Turk, Meichenbaum & Genest, 1983; Weisenberg, 1984). The present investigation sought to examine the cognitive and behavioural relationships that are associated with individual differences in responses to painful stimuli. Sixty female undergraduate psychology students participated in the experimental pain induction procedure which used the cold pressor test as the noxious stimulation. To gain a broad assessment of the different factors that may be characteristic of differences in response to pain, tolerant subjects were contrasted with less tolerant subjects on a variety of self-report, cognitive and behavioural - facial expression - measures. As part of the assessment procedure, subjects completed measures of state anxiety, self-efficacy to withstand pain, and a questionnaire involving a retrospective analysis of cognitive techniques. Half of the subjects were interviewed regarding their cognitions concerning the cold pressor task both pre and post their immersion, and the other half were interviewed post only. Transcriptions were coded independently of pain tolerance status. Subjects' facial expressions were videotaped during the cold pressor task and coded using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) developed by Ekman and Friesen (1978). It was hypothesized that dysfunctional cognitions, lack of effective coping activity, amplification of sensory intensity and affective discomfort and high levels of facial activity would characterize subjects who were less tolerant of the induced pain. The distribution of the endurance times to the cold pressor task confirmed past observations that subjects cluster into two major groups of high and low tolerance (Turk et al. 1983). The results confirmed the major hypotheses that there are cognitive and self-report differences between pain tolerance groups. In comparison to tolerant subjects, less tolerant subjects had lower scores of perceived self-efficacy to withstand pain, higher scores for both sensation and discomfort ratings, retrospectively reported having experienced more pain, and made more accurate estimates of their duration in the cold water. Less tolerant subjects also reported more dysfunctional cognitions during the cold pressor task and reported using effective coping techniques to a lesser extent than tolerant subjects. Major differences between the tolerance groups also appeared in the length of post-test interviews. Tolerant subjects had much lengthier interviews at the post-test than less tolerant subjects. A discriminant analysis revealed that self-efficacy beliefs during the experimental task and the length of the post-test interviews were the most important discriminators between the groups. These results highlight the role of cognition in individual differences in pain tolerance. These results also suggest that low pain tolerance subjects may be better conceptualized as being ineffective and overwhelmed in their attempts to cope with pain which supports the current notion that cognitive based therapies may be the key in managing and alleviating pain states. No support was found for the hypothesis that subjects of differing pain tolerance thresholds would be characterized by differences in facial activity. Facial actions associated with pain in the present study were similar with facial expressions in previous studies (cf. Craig & Patrick, 1985; Hyde, 1986; Swalm, 1987). Contrary to previous results (Craig & Patrick, 1985), measures of facial expression increased over exposure time similarly to self-report. High levels of facial expression were associated with low levels of self-report of coping cognitions assessed at the post-test and with shorter post-test interviews.
Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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Laugesen, Nina. "Cognitive correlates of worry in adolescents." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ54277.pdf.

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Lawrence, Emma Jane. "Empathy : the cognitive and neural correlates." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/empathy--the-cognitive-and-neural-correlates(c51470db-878c-4097-8ee4-7eca7d64aa46).html.

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Kerr, J. S. "Eye movement correlates of cognitive processes." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381065.

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Belen, Hacer. "Emotional and cognitive correlates of hope." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/40773.

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This thesis outlines and details work conducted to understand the relationship between the components of hope and a range of trait-like emotional and cognitive constructs. Seven studies were conducted to explore these relationships. In this regard, the first study aimed to illuminate the theoretical and empirical underpinnings of trait agency-trait pathways in terms of Big-Five Personality theory. The second study examined the association between dimensions of hope and trait Emotional Intelligence, which is emotion-related perceptions located at the lower level of the personality hierarchy. The third study attempted to elaborate on the nature of the link between hope components and indicators of psychological well-being. To examine concepts related to cognitive aspects, the current thesis adopts the construct of executive functioning (EF), which is well-established in the heart of cognitive psychology. In addition, the fourth study examined the association between the dimensions of hope (agency and pathways) and five self-report EFs, namely Motivational Drive, Impulse Control, Empathy, Organization and Strategic Planning. The fifth study explored whether performance as an objective measure of Planning demonstrates significant links and correlations with agency and pathways. An additional study was conducted to examine whether selected self-report EF test (EFI) relates to objective measures of Planning, TOL-R. The final study investigates the relationship between agency-pathways and three central and critical objective measures of executive functioning; e.g. Stroop, Corsi Block-Tapping, and Switcher tasks. The findings regarding emotional constructs demonstrated that trait agency is associated with traits related to Conscientiousness, the EI factor of Well-Being, Environmental Mastery and Self-Acceptance as aspects of psychological well-being. In contrast, pathways thinking is associated with a number of traits related to the Big-Five interpersonal global traits that inform personality, i.e. Extraversion and Agreeableness, the EI factor of Sociability, Autonomy and Personal Growth, as aspects of psychological well-being. To assess cognitive constructs, agency is associated with self-reported Motivational Drive, Empathy, Organization and Strategic Planning, while pathways is associated with Strategic Planning. This association was not confirmed by objective EF measures. Findings provided by studies of hope and EF highlight the presence of a link between targeted EFs in self-report questionnaires, but not in objective measures.
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Bermudez, Patrick. "The neural correlates of absolute pitch." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21968.

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The unusual ability of absolute pitch (AP) affords us the opportunity to study a circumscribed behaviour which can be clearly operationalized and requires complex cognitive function in its execution. It serves as a model for a number of perceptual and mnemonic functions as well as developmental interactions between biological predispositions and specific training. This dissertation focuses mainly on the elucidation of its neural substrates. The work is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 reviews and criticises what is known about the developmental, behavioural, anatomical and functional characteristics of AP. Chapter 2 describes the design and implementation of a computerized test of absolute pitch and resulting data for 51 musicians, 27 of whom self-reported as AP possessors. The test revealed differences in accuracy and timing for C Ionian diatonic versus non-diatonic notes and a range of performance, from perfect to random, including a substantial number of intermediate proficiencies. Chapter 3 details a series of anatomical explorations which seek to improve our understanding of the structural correlates of AP. Cortical thickness measures and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) were applied to the same magnetic resonance imaging data set of 71 musicians (27 with absolute pitch) and 64 non-musicians. Cortical thickness was greater in musicians with peaks in the superior temporal gyri and the dorsolateral frontal cortices. VBM of grey-matter classified voxels yielded a strongly right-lateralized focus of greater grey matter concentration in musicians, centered on the posterolateral aspect of Heschl's gyrus. Contrasts of absolute pitch possessors and non-possessors showed significantly thinner cortex among possessors in a number of areas, including the posterior dorsal frontal and ventral premotor cortices. Chapter 4 describes a functional study which tests a hypothesis generated from a previous experiment about the implication of posterior dorsolateral
La capacité peu commune de l'oreille absolue (OA) nous offre l'opportunité d'étudier un comportement circonscrit qui peut être opérationnalisé et exige un traitement cognitif complexe pour son exécution. L'OA sert de modèle pour un certain nombre de fonctions perceptuelles et mnémoniques ainsi que pour des interactions entre une prédisposition biologique et une formation spécifique. Cette thèse se concentre principalement sur l'élucidation de ses substrats neuronaux. Le travail est divisé en cinq chapitres. Le premier revoit et critique la littérature pertinente aux caractéristiques développementales, comportementales, anatomiques, et fonctionnelles de l'OA. Le deuxième chapitre décrit la conception et la mise en œuvre d'un test informatisé de l'OA aboutissant en données comportementales pour 51 musiciens, dont 27 prétendaient avoir l'OA. Le test a révélé une meilleure précision et vitesse d'identification de notes diatoniques en Do majeur versus notes non-diatoniques et une gamme de performance, entre parfaite et au hasard, y compris un nombre important d'aptitudes intermédiaires. Le troisième chapitre présente une série d'explorations anatomiques qui visent à améliorer notre compréhension des corrélats structurels de l'OA. Des analyses de mesures d'épaisseur corticale et de morphométrie à base de voxel (VBM) ont été appliquées aux mêmes données d'imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) de 71 musiciens (27 avec l'OA) et 64 non-musiciens. L'épaisseur corticale était plus forte parmi les musiciens avec des focus au gyrus temporal supérieur et au cortex frontal dorsolatéral. Une analyse VBM de matière grise a produit une différence entre musiciens et non-musiciens centrée sur l'aspect postérolatéral du gyrus de Heschl dans l'hémisphère droit. Un contraste de possesseurs et non-possesseurs de l'OA a révélé plusieurs aires de cortex plus minces chez les possesseurs, notamment les aires postérieure
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Frost, Robert B. "QEEG Correlates of Cognitive Deficits in Multiple Sclerosis During Targeted Cognitive Tasks." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4047.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurological disorder of young adulthood and is often associated with cognitive impairment and emotional dysfunction. Due to the nature of the disease, the cognitive deficits in MS are often variable in their presentation, and consist of deficits in processing speed, attention, working memory, and executive functioning. The purpose of the present study was to explore common methods of documenting MS-related cognitive deficits, to elucidate the relationship between the cognitive deficits seen in MS and physiological markers of cognitive functioning (i.e., quantitative EEG), and to analyze the relationship between cognitive deficits and mood dysfunction in MS. There were 26 participants diagnosed with remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis and 18 age, sex, and education matched controls. Results of cognitive testing indicated deficits in gross cognitive functioning, language, attention, processing speed, working memory, and executive functioning. A MANOVA encompassing group, task (PASAT and SPT) and load (light and heavy) showed significant group and load effects, but no main effect of task. The MS group performed worse than the controls and both groups performed better on the light load than the heavy load. Post hoc analysis indicated that performance on the PASAT 3 second trial was worse than on the PASAT 2 second trail compared to controls. Given that the PASAT 3 trial is theoretically easier than the PASAT 2 trial and that the PASAT 3 was administered first, the above results likely reflect learning effects. A Repeated Measures ANCOVA encompassing EEG and cognitive data (PASAT and SPT) indicated group-level differences on task performance, and suggested that at rest mean peak alpha frequency (PAF) is associated with performance on the PASAT, but not the SPT. EEG coherence during cognitive tasks was reduced between short-range connections in the theta, alpha, and beta frequency bins and enhanced in a limited number of long-range, anterior to posterior connections in the theta frequency bin in the MS group compared to controls. Finally, the MS participants had significantly more symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to normal controls. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis suggested that cognitive functioning is deleteriously affected by depression and anxiety. Overall, the results of this study substantiate the feasibility of utilizing QEEG as a physiological indicator of cognitive and cortical dysfunction in MS and show the importance of recognizing depression and anxiety and their contributions to cognitive deficits in individuals with MS.
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Fernández-Andújar, Marina. "Neuroimaging correlates of cognitive functioning in cerebrovascular disease." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/290852.

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Cerebrovascular diseases (CD) are the third most common cause of death and the leading cause of disability in adults in developed countries (Carmichael, 2012; World Health Organization, 2004). Specifically, ischemic stroke and white matter lesions (WML) often result in multiple neurological, cognitive impairment and behavioral and emotional disorders (Gorelick et al., 2011; Troncoso et al., 2008). Strokes are responsible for damage in the core of the ischemic lesion but may also cause alterations in remote areas from the primary ischemic lesion. The thalamus is a key structure in the cortico-subcortical circuits (Alexander et al., 1986; Byne et al., 2009) and is involved in multiple cognitive functions (Herrero et al., 2002; Sherman, 2005) especially in functions executive, one of the most affected cognitive domains after suffering a stroke. Although it is known that the cortico- subcortical circuits are involved in cognitive functions, to date their neuroimage correlates are unknown. The overall objective of this thesis was to study the effects of a disruption in the cortico-subcortical circuits, due to a direct or remote damage, in executive functions. For the study of remote thalamic abnormalities we use the technique of diffusion tensor image (DTI) for both ischemic stroke and WML. Moreover, due to attention and cognitive inhibition are one of the most important functions of executive domain, we studied the relationship between a specific white matter (WM) tract -called Front aslant Tract (FAT)- and these functions. The study results showed that remote thalamic microstructural abnormalities secondary to a cerebrovascular lesion can occur in both ipsilateral and contralateral thalamus, in healthy subjects with WML and in patients with cerebral ischemic stroke. These thalamic abnormalities may be related to a disruption in the cortico-subcortical circuits associated with executive dysfunction. In addition, the right FAT is involved in attention and response inhibition functions in community-dwelling subjects and participants with ischemic stroke. In conclusion, the results obtained in this thesis suggest that stroke can affect the cortico-subcortical circuits through thalamic microstructural abnormalities and these could be related to cognitive dysfunction. Finally, the novel technique of DTI can play an important role in understanding the cognitive functioning in both ischemic stroke and WML.
Los accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) son la tercera causa más común de muerte y la causa principal de discapacidad en adultos en los países desarrollados (Carmichael, 2012; Organización Mundial de la Salud, 2004). Concretamente, el ictus isquémico y las lesiones de sustancia blanca (LSB) frecuentemente dan lugar a múltiples secuelas neurológicas, deterioro cognitivo y alteraciones conductuales y emocionales (Gorelick et al., 2011; Troncoso et al., 2008). Los ACV son responsables de daño en la zona primaria de la lesión isquémica pero también pueden producir alteraciones en áreas remotas a ésta. El tálamo es una estructura clave en los circuitos cortico-subcorticales (Alexander et al., 1986; Byne et al., 2009) y está involucrado en múltiples funciones cognitivas (Herrero et al., 2002; Sherman, 2005) especialmente en las funciones ejecutivas, uno de los dominios cognitivos más afectados después de sufrir un ACV. Aunque se sabe que los circuitos cortico-subcorticales están implicados en las funciones cognitivas, hasta la fecha sus correlatos de neuroimagen se desconocen. El objetivo general de esta tesis ha sido estudiar los efectos de una interrupción en los circuitos cortico-subcorticales debido a una lesión directa o remota en las funciones ejecutivas. Para el estudio de las anomalías talámicas remotas usamos la técnica de la Imagen por Tensor de Difusión (ITD), tanto para el ictus isquémico como para las LSB. Además, dado que la atención y la inhibición cognitiva son una de las funciones más importantes de las funciones ejecutivas, estudiamos la relación entre un tracto de sustancia blanca (SB) -llamado Frontal Aslant Tract (FAT)- y estas funciones. Los resultados de los estudios mostraron que anomalías secundarias microestructurales talámicas remotas a la lesión cerebrovascular pueden ocurrir tanto en el tálamo ipsilateral como en el tálamo contralateral, en sujetos sanos con LSB y en pacientes con un ictus cerebral isquémico. Estas anomalías talámicas pueden estar relacionadas con una disrupción en los circuitos cortico-subcorticales asociado con disfunción ejecutiva. Además, en sujetos de la comunidad y con un ictus isquémico, el FAT derecho está implicado en atención e inhibición de respuesta. En conclusión, los resultados obtenidos en la presente tesis doctoral sugieren que los ACV puede afectar los circuitos cortico-subcortical a través de anomalías microstructurales talámicas y éstas podrían estar relacionadas con la disfunción cognitiva. Finalmente, la novedosa técnica de la ITD puede tener un papel relevante en el conocimiento del funcionamiento cognitivo tanto en el ictus isquémico como en las LSB.
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Hallin, Nathalie. "Cognitive Dissonance : Neural Correlates and New Theoretical Approaches." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-7173.

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Cognitive dissonance has traditionally been defined as the negative affective state which accompanies inconsistent cognitions and motivates one to make the cognitions consistent. This thesis critically evaluates two theories about cognitive dissonance. The action-based model of dissonance argues that inconsistent cognitions have the potential to interfere with effective and unconflicted action. The new look model of dissonance, contradicting the traditional definition of dissonance, argues that it is aversive consequences rather than inconsistent cognitions that cause dissonance. Recent studies investigating the neural correlates of dissonance show that parts of anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex seem to be involved in the dissonance process. One of the major predictions of the new look model of dissonance has been undermined by recent evidence. In contrast, the action-based model of dissonance is supported by recent studies.
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Books on the topic "Cognitive correlates"

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Wilder, Gita Z. Correlates of gender: Differences in cognitive functioning. New York: College Entrance Examination Board, 1996.

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Foundation, Parmenides, ed. Neural correlates of thinking. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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Toth, George. Cognitive correlates of newborn auditory evoked brainstem responses. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1994.

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1947-, Osaka Naoyuki, Logie Robert H, and D'Esposito Mark, eds. The cognitive neuroscience of working memory: Behavioural and neural correlates. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.

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Cohen, Yale E., Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay, eds. Neural Correlates of Auditory Cognition. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2350-8.

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Wingfield, Arthur, and Harold Goodglass. Anomia: Neuroanatomical and Cognitive Correlates. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 1997.

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Harold, Goodglass, and Wingfield Arthur, eds. Anomia: Neuroanatomical and cognitive correlates. San Diego: Academic Press, 1997.

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Gliebus, Gediminas Peter. Progressive Cognitive Impairment and Its Neuropathologic Correlates. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2016.

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The cognitive correlates of children's social status. 1988.

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Hill, Alan M. Cognitive correlates of self-reported anger arousal. 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cognitive correlates"

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Tucker, G. Richard. "Cognitive and social correlates of bilinguality." In The Influence of Language on Culture and Thought, edited by Robert L. Cooper and Bernard J. Spolsky, 101–12. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110859010-007.

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St. Jacques, Peggy L., and Felipe De Brigard. "Neural Correlates of Autobiographical Memory." In The Wiley Handbook on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory, 265–86. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118332634.ch13.

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de Groot, J. C., F. E. de Leeuw, and M. M. B. Breteler. "Cognitive correlates of cerebral white matter changes." In Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa, 41–67. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6467-9_5.

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Vecchiato, Giovanni, Patrizia Cherubino, Arianna Trettel, and Fabio Babiloni. "Cortical Correlates of Cognitive and Emotional Processes." In Neuroelectrical Brain Imaging Tools for the Study of the Efficacy of TV Advertising Stimuli and their Application to Neuromarketing, 45–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38064-8_4.

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Kaslow, Nadine J., Ronald T. Brown, and Laura L. Mee. "Cognitive and Behavioral Correlates of Childhood Depression." In Handbook of Depression in Children and Adolescents, 97–121. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1510-8_6.

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Bertens, Dirk, and Inti A. Brazil. "Cognitive and neural correlates of errorless learning." In Errorless Learning in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 26–40. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315660738-3.

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Izuma, Keise, Madoka Matsumoto, Kou Murayama, Kazuyuki Samejima, Sadato Norihiro, and Kenji Matsumoto. "Neural Correlates of Cognitive Dissonance and Decision Conflict." In Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (III), 623–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4792-0_83.

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Howard, David M., and Christin Kirchhübel. "Acoustic Correlates of Deceptive Speech – An Exploratory Study." In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, 28–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21741-8_4.

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Başar, Erol, Martin Schürmann, Canan Başar-Eroglu, and Tamer Demiralp. "Theta and Delta Responses in Cognitive Event-Related Potential Paradigms and Their Possible Psychophysiological Correlates." In Cognitive Electrophysiology, 334–67. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0283-7_15.

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Areepattamannil, Shaljan, Anita G. Welch, Michael Melkonian, and Sumaya Saqr. "Non-Cognitive Correlates of Emirati Adolescents’ Mathematics Performance." In Non-cognitive Skills and Factors in Educational Attainment, 397–409. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-591-3_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cognitive correlates"

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Tsarava, Katerina, Luzia Leifheit, Manuel Ninaus, Marcos Román-González, Martin V. Butz, Jessika Golle, Ulrich Trautwein, and Korbinian Moeller. "Cognitive Correlates of Computational Thinking." In WiPSCE'19: 14th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3361721.3361729.

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Neugebauer, Lukas, and Christian Büchel. "Neural Correlates of Model-Based Generalization." In 2022 Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience. San Francisco, California, USA: Cognitive Computational Neuroscience, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32470/ccn.2022.1092-0.

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Engelke, Ulrich, Andreas Duenser, and Anthony Zeater. "Cognitive correlates of overt and covert attention in visual search." In 2014 IEEE 13th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics & Cognitive Computing (ICCI*CC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icci-cc.2014.6921460.

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Visalli, Antonino, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Ettore Ambrosini, Bruno Kopp, and Antonino Vallesi. "Electroencephalographic Correlates of Temporal Bayesian Belief Updating and Surprise." In 2019 Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience. Brentwood, Tennessee, USA: Cognitive Computational Neuroscience, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32470/ccn.2019.1103-0.

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Iidaka, Tetsuya. "Neural correlates of understanding another person’s emotional state." In Annual International Conference on Cognitive and Behavioral Psychology. Global Science and Technology Forum (GSTF), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-1865_cbp39.

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Sardella, Alberto, Federica Bellone, Carmen Giulia Lasco, Gabriella Martino, Nunziata Morabito, and Antonino Catalano. "AB0820 COGNITIVE IMPULSIVITY CORRELATES WITH BONE MINERAL DENSITY." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.4257.

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McGovern, David, Ciara Devine, Christine Gaffney, Simon Kelly, and Redmond O'Connell. "Identifying the Neurophysiological Correlates of Learning in Human Perceptual Decision-Making." In 2019 Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience. Brentwood, Tennessee, USA: Cognitive Computational Neuroscience, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32470/ccn.2019.1255-0.

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Maldonato, Nelson Mauro, Raffaele Sperandeo, Marinella Coco, Valeria Cioffi, Salvatore de Lucia, Lucia Luciana Mosca, and Anna Esposito. "Multimodal Integrative Perception : Biological correlates and qualitative experiences." In 2020 11th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coginfocom50765.2020.9237912.

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Danko, Sergey, Larisa Kachalova, and Ilya Kuperman. "ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC CORRELATES OF COGNITIVE SPECIFIC ATTENTION DURING VERBAL LEARNING." In XVI International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1025.sudak.ns2020-16/179-180.

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Nelson, Matthew, Stanislas Dehaene, Christophe Pallier, and John Hale. "Entropy Reduction correlates with temporal lobe activity." In Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL 2017). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w17-0701.

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Reports on the topic "Cognitive correlates"

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Kaestner, Robert. Adolescent Cognitive and Non-cognitive Correlates of Adult Health. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14924.

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Tirre, William C., and Leo J. Gugerty. A Cognitive Correlates Analysis of Situation Awareness. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada459961.

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Stuart, Nicole, Karina Dorrington, Andrew Sheridan, and Carmela Pestell. The Neuropsychological Correlates of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: A Systematic Review Protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0102.

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Review question / Objective: The objective the current review is to delineate the cognitive profile of SCT, particularly where it is similar to or different from ADHD-related inattention. In addition, the review will provide an analysis of methodological factors that might account for discrepancies in research findings and guidance for future studies. Condition being studied: Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) is a constellation of symptoms originally identified among children with the inattentive subtype of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-I). These symptoms include daydreaming, inconsistent alertness, hypoactivity and lethargy. Although there is considerable overlap with ADHD-I, factor analytic and convergent and discriminant validity studies suggest that SCT is a distinct construct. Moreover, there is evidence that SCT may be common in a number of other disorders, including depression and autism - suggesting that SCT might represent an important transdiagnostic construct.
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Sullivan, Kimberly, and Maxine Krengel. Structural MRI and Cognitive Correlates in Pest-Control Personnel from Gulf War I. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada525918.

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Bullock, Theodore H. Comparative Analytical Study of Evoked and Event Related Potentials as Correlates of Cognitive Processes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada261388.

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Bullock, Theodore H., and Erol Basar. Comparative Analytical Study of Evoked and Event Related Potentials as Correlates of Cognitive Processes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226331.

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Danon, Alice, Jishnu Das, Andrea de Barros, and Deon Filmer. Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills in Low-Income Countries: Measurement and Associations with Schooling and Earnings. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2023/126.

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We assess the reliability and validity of cognitive and socioemotional skills measures and investigate the correlation between schooling, skills acquisition, and labor earnings. Our primary data from Pakistan incorporates two innovations related to measurement and sampling. With regard to measurement, we developed and implemented a battery of instruments intended to capture cognitive and socioemotional skills among young adults. With regard to sampling, we use a panel that follows respondents from their original rural locations in 2003 to their residences in 2018, a period over which 38% of respondents left their native villages. We first show that in terms of their validity and reliability, our skills measures compare favorably to previous measurement attempts in low- and middle-income countries. We then document that in our data (a) more years of schooling are correlated with higher cognitive and socioemotional skills; (b) labor earnings are correlated with cognitive and socioemotional skills as well as years of schooling and; (c) the earnings-skills correlations depend on respondents’ migration status. The magnitude of the correlations between schooling and skills on the one hand and earnings and skills on the other is consistent with a widespread concern that such skills are underproduced in the schooling system.
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