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Academic literature on the topic 'COEFFICIENTS FOR INTERACTION'

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Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "COEFFICIENTS FOR INTERACTION"

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Kučera, J., K. Stránský, and J. Dojiva. "Diffusion interaction coefficients βCi and thermodynamic interaction coefficients ϵCi of carbon in alloyed austenitic steels." Materials Science and Engineering: A 125, no. 1 (May 1990): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(90)90255-2.

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McDowell, Sean A. C., Ashok Kumar, and William J. Meath. "Anisotropic and isotropic triple-dipole dispersion energy coefficients for all three-body interactions involving He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, H2, N2, and CO." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74, no. 6 (June 1, 1996): 1180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v96-132.

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Formulae for the computation of isotropic and anisotropic dipolar dispersion energy coefficients, for two-body and three-body interactions involving H2, N2, CO, and the rare gases, are presented in an average energy approximation. These coefficients are computed to within 1% of the reliable values for these coefficients, which are obtained by using the relevant dipole oscillator strength distributions, with the exception of a few that are recorded in tabular form. The input data required for these formulae are the isotropic and anisotropic polarizabilities and average energies for the interacting species. The results provide the first reliable anisotropic triple-dipole dispersion energy coefficients for interactions involving molecules. Key words: non-additive, anisotropic, interaction energies, triple-dipole dispersion energies.
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Allisy, A., W. A. Jennings, A. M. Kellerer, J. W. Müller, H. H. Rossi, and S. M. Seltzer. "3. Interaction Coefficients and Related Quantities." Journal of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements os31, no. 1 (December 30, 1998): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicru/os31.1.9.

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Allisy, A., W. A. Jennings, A. M. Kellerer, J. W. Müller, H. H. Rossi, and S. M. Seltzer. "3. Interaction Coefficients and Related Quantities." Reports of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements os-31, no. 1 (December 1998): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicru_os31.1.9.

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Hernandez, Maria-Josefina. "Spatiotemporal dynamics in variable population interactions with density-dependent interaction coefficients." Ecological Modelling 214, no. 1 (June 2008): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.01.007.

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6

Pathak, Jai, Sean Nugent, Michael Bender, Christopher Roberts, Robin Curtis, and Jack Douglas. "Comparison of Huggins Coefficients and Osmotic Second Virial Coefficients of Buffered Solutions of Monoclonal Antibodies." Polymers 13, no. 4 (February 17, 2021): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040601.

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The Huggins coefficient kH is a well-known metric for quantifying the increase in solution viscosity arising from intermolecular interactions in relatively dilute macromolecular solutions, and there has been much interest in this solution property in connection with developing improved antibody therapeutics. While numerous kH measurements have been reported for select monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) solutions, there has been limited study of kH in terms of the fundamental molecular interactions that determine this property. In this paper, we compare measurements of the osmotic second virial coefficient B22, a common metric of intermolecular and interparticle interaction strength, to measurements of kH for model antibody solutions. This comparison is motivated by the seminal work of Russel for hard sphere particles having a short-range “sticky” interparticle interaction, and we also compare our data with known results for uncharged flexible polymers having variable excluded volume interactions because proteins are polypeptide chains. Our observations indicate that neither the adhesive hard sphere model, a common colloidal model of globular proteins, nor the familiar uncharged flexible polymer model, an excellent model of intrinsically disordered proteins, describes the dependence of kH of these antibodies on B22. Clearly, an improved understanding of protein and ion solvation by water as well as dipole–dipole and charge–dipole effects is required to understand the significance of kH from the standpoint of fundamental protein–protein interactions. Despite shortcomings in our theoretical understanding of kH for antibody solutions, this quantity provides a useful practical measure of the strength of interprotein interactions at elevated protein concentrations that is of direct significance for the development of antibody formulations that minimize the solution viscosity.
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7

Popov, V. S., and Yu V. Kashirin. "Interaction between the signal amplitude coefficient and the harmonic coefficients and nonlinear distortions." Measurement Techniques 31, no. 6 (June 1988): 527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00867518.

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8

Piekarski, Henryk, and Gus Somsen. "Enthalpies of solution of urea in water–alkanol mixtures and the enthalpic pair interaction coefficients of urea and several nonelectrolytes in water." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 64, no. 9 (September 1, 1986): 1721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v86-284.

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Enthalpies of solution of urea in binary mixtures of isopropanol, s-butanol, and ethoxyethanol with water have been measured at high water content. Those in the binaries isopropanol + water and ethoxyethanol + water show endothermic maxima at 8 and 4 mol% alkanol, respectively. Enthalpic pair interaction coefficients are calculated for the interactions between urea and the alkanols and discussed in connection with these coefficients for interactions between urea and other nonelectrolytes and between N,N-dimethylformamide and several nonelectrolytes. The enthalpic pair interaction coefficients correlate linearly with the heat capacity change on hydration of the nonelectrolytes and with the enthalpy of hydrophobic hydration of the alkanols.
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9

Redheffer, Ray. "Lotka–Volterra systems with constant interaction coefficients." Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications 46, no. 8 (December 2001): 1151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0362-546x(00)00166-8.

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10

Lebedev, Vladimir V., and Victor S. L’vov. "Symmetries and Interaction Coefficients of Kelvin Waves." Journal of Low Temperature Physics 161, no. 5-6 (September 2, 2010): 548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10909-010-0215-2.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "COEFFICIENTS FOR INTERACTION"

1

Yilmazok, Ozgun. "An Investigation Of Accuracy Of Inertial Interaction Analyses With Frequency-independent Impedance Coefficients." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609030/index.pdf.

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AN INVESTIGATION OF ACCURACY OF INERTIAL INTERACTION ANALYSES WITH FREQUENCY-INDEPENDENT IMPEDANCE COEFFICIENTS Yilmazok, Ö
zgü
n M.S., Department of Civil Engineering Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. B. Sadik Bakir November 2007, 79 pages The inertial interaction between the soil and structure alters dynamic response characteristics of a structure due to foundation deformability, such that the flexibility and energy dissipation capability of surrounding soil may lead to a significant increase in period and damping of structural oscillations. The inertial interaction analyses can be accomplished through utilisation of frequency dependent foundation impedance coefficients that are reported in literature for various soil conditions and foundation types. However, such analyses should be performed in frequency domain, and applicable to only cases that linear structural response is considered. Alternatively, equivalent frequencyindependent foundation impedance coefficients can be employed, such that a constant excitation frequency is assumed in calculation of these coefficients. In this study, it is assumed that the fundamental frequency of a fixed-base structure, which can be obtained through employing available empirical relationships or a modal analysis, can be substituted for excitation terms in impedance expressions. The error induced in calculation of peak structural distortions is investigated through comparisons of structural response due to frequency-dependent and frequency-independent foundation impedance coefficients. For analyses, a linear single-degree of freedom oscillator is considered for modeling the structure. The frequency-dependent impedance of a rigid disk foundation resting on elastic halfspace is simulated by a limited number of discrete elements. The response calculations are performed in frequency domain, through employing 72 acceleration records. It is concluded that, the natural frequency of fixed-base building can be considered as effective excitation frequency for calculation of foundation impedance coefficients, when the effect of inertial interaction on structural response is moderate. Through employing equivalent-linear approximation for the structural response, it is shown that the conclusion is also valid in cases that nonlinear structural response is considered. However, when the inertial interaction has more profound effects on the structural response, the use of natural frequency of flexible-base structure, which is calculated iteratively due to its dependence on foundation-impedance factors is recommended.
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2

Ticona, A. M., M. A. Rosales, and J. D. Orihuela. "Correction coefficients of distortion and vibration period for buildings due to soil-structure interaction." OP Publishing Ltd, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656571.

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The present research analyzed the influence of the soil structure interaction (SSI) in buildings, varying geotechnical parameters and height, considering 3 international codes. The responses obtained from the structures taking into account the SSI, were compared with the responses of fixed-base buildings, being the main control variables: the period and the drift. It was determined that the estimated range in which the period of the structure increases is from 30 to 98%, demonstrating the influence of considering soil flexibility. Due to the variability of the responses obtained, an adjustment factor is proposed to predict said amplification of the control variables, depending on the height of the building and the ground.
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3

Randall, Richard John. "Fluid-structure interaction of submerged shells." Thesis, Brunel University, 1990. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5446.

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A general three-dimensional hydroelasticity theory for the evaluation of responses has been adapted to formulate hydrodynamic coefficients for submerged shell-type structures. The derivation of the theory has been presented and is placed in context with other methods of analysis. The ability of this form of analysis to offer an insight into the physical behaviour of practical systems is demonstrated. The influence of external boundaries and fluid viscosity was considered separately using a flexible cylinder as the model. When the surrounding fluid is water, viscosity was assessed to be significant for slender structural members and flexible pipes and in situations where the clearance to an outer casing was slight. To validate the three-dimensional hydroelasticity theory, predictions of resonance frequencies and mode shapes were compared, with measured data from trials undertaken in enclosed tanks. These data exhibited differences due to the position of the test structures in relation to free and fixed boundaries. The rationale of the testing programme and practical considerations of instrumentation, capture and storage of data are described in detail. At first sight a relatively unsophisticated analytical method appeared to offer better correlation with the measured data than the hydroelastic solution. This impression was mistaken, the agreement was merely fortuitous as only the hydroelastic approach is capable of reproducing-the trends recorded in the experiments. The significance of an accurate dynamic analysis using finite elements and the influence of physical factors such as buoyancy on the predicted results are also examined.
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4

Nordanstorm, Nika. "Evaluation of distribution coefficients (KOC and Kd) for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-101693.

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The dominating factors affecting sorption of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) remain subject of research and debate. Traditionally, distribution coefficients (e.g., Kd and KOC) are used to calculate the fractionation of the contaminant between soil and water, to estimate leaching and subsequently the risks it imposes reaching water reservoirs. Research has aimed to establish the sorption mechanisms for PFAS but, due to the complexity of interactions between the substance specific physiochemical properties and geochemical sorbent characteristics, it has shown to be a complicated task. For PFOS, one of the most commonly encountered PFAS, the Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI) recommends using the 10th percentile of a small data set for the organic carbon-water distribution coefficient KOC (500 L/kg) and multiply this with the organic content of the in-situ soil to obtain the soil-water distribution coefficient (Kd). The result of this study shows that this method is insufficient to obtain a good approximation of the mobility of PFOS at a contaminated site. With a review of recent research on PFAS sorption and a case study performed at Stockholm Arlanda Airport, this study concludes that as of today, and due to PFAS potent mobility, well measured field coefficients for each soil type present in the soil profile and an elaborate geohydrological model is necessary to estimate PFAS environmental transport, fate and associated risks. It also concludes that parameters such as anionic exchange capacity and soil protein content may be highly relevant to estimate PFAS sorption.
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5

Stamos, Dimitrios Georgios. "Experimental Analysis of the Interaction of Water Waves With Flexible Structures." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27567.

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An experimental investigation of the interaction of water waves with flexible structures acting as breakwaters was carried out. Wave profiles, mapped out by water level measuring transducers, were studied to provide information on the performance of different breakwater models. A new signal analysis procedure for determining reflection coefficients based on wavelet theory was developed and compared to a conventional method. The reliability of using wavelet analysis to separate a partial standing wave into incident and reflected wave components was verified with a numerical example. It was also verified by the small variance in the estimates of the incident wave height from independent experimental measurements. Different geometries of rigid and flexible structures were constructed and examined. Reflection, transmission and energy loss coefficients were obtained over them. The influence of various properties of the models, such as the width and the internal pressure, on the effectiveness in reflecting or absorbing the incident wave energy was determined. Various factors which affect the performance of the breakwater, including the water depth, the wave length and the wave amplitude, were measured and documented. Suspended and bottom-mounted models were considered. The flow field over and near a hemi-cylindrical breakwater model was also examined using a flow visualization technique. An overall comparison among the models has also been provided. The results showed that the rectangular models, rigid and flexible, are the most effective structures to dissipate wave energy. The flow visualization technique indicated that the flow conforms with the circular geometry of a hemi-cylindrical breakwater model, yielding no flow separation.
Ph. D.
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6

Crofoot, Robert F. "Investigations of scalar transfer coefficients in fog during the Coupled Boundary Layers and Air Sea Transfer Experiment : a case study." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1202.

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The uncertainty in the determination of the momentum and scalar fluxes remains one of the main obstacles to accurate numerical forecasts in low to moderate wind conditions. For example, latent heat fluxes computed from data using direct covariance and bulk aerodynamic methods show that there is good agreement in unstable conditions when the latent heat flux values are generally positive. However, the agreement is relatively poor in stable conditions, particularly when the moisture flux is directed downward. If the direct covariance measurements are indeed accurate, then they clearly indicate that the bulk aerodynamic formula overestimate the downward moisture flux in stable conditions. As a result, comparisons of the Dalton number for unstable and stable conditions indicate a marked difference in value between the two stability regimes. Investigations done for this thesis used data taken primarily at the Air-Sea Interaction Tower (ASIT) during the Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer (CBLAST) Experiment 2003 from the 20-27 August 2003. Other data from the shore based Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO) and moored buoys in the vicinity of the ASIT were also incorporated. During this eight day period, the boundary layer was often characterized by light winds, a stably stratified surface layer and a swell dominated wave field. Additionally, the advection of warm moist air over cooler water resulted in fog formation and a downward flux of moisture on at least three occasions. Therefore, a primary objective of this thesis is to present a case study to investigate the cause of this shortcoming in the bulk formula under these conditions by examining the physical processes that are unique to these boundary layers. Particular attention will be paid to the behavior of the Dalton number in a stable marine atmospheric boundary layer under foggy conditions using insights derived from the study of fog formation and current flux parameterization methods.
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7

BOULANGER, DANIEL. "Theorie du champ de ligandes des coefficients de couplage orbite-reseau et spin-reseau des ions d**(5) dans les composes ii-vi." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066098.

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Developpement d'un modele moleculaire semi-empirique pour les ions d**(5). L'application aux calculs des coefficients de couplage orbite-reseau et des coefficients de couplage spin-reseau a donne de tres bons resultats
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8

Mahfouf, Ali. "Calcul des coefficients de transport dans des plasmas hors de l'équilibre." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22719/document.

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Les propriétés de transport à haute température dans les gaz et/ou dans les plasmas ont une importance capitale dans différents domaines, à savoir dans le domaine de technologie de coupure à arc, plasmas de coupure, de soudure ou de gravure. La connaissance des coefficients de transport est nécessaire pour toute modélisation faisant intervenir les équations hydrodynamiques. Dans le cadre de la théorie cinétique des gaz dilués, une solution approchée de l’équation intégro-différentielle de Boltzmann régissant les fonctions de distribution a été proposée par Chapman-Enskog. Les coefficients de transport sont calculés classiquement par la méthode de Chapman-Enskog via les intégrales de collision. Dans le cadre de notre étude nous avons développé, dans un premier temps, un code numérique permettant l’obtention de ces intégrales de collision en tenant compte des singularités qui peuvent apparaître dans le calcul des sections efficaces relatives aux interactions entre les particules constituant les gaz et/ou les plasmas. Dans un second temps nous avons étudié l’influence du choix des paramètres des potentiels d’interaction sur les coefficients de transport. Par la suite, nous avons utilisé le code numérique ainsi développé pour évaluer les coefficients de transport du plasma d’hélium en étudiant l’influence du choix de la méthode de calcul de composition chimique sur ces coefficients. Enfin, un modèle simplifié d’une interaction entre une onde électromagnétique et un plasma d’hélium a été proposé comme une application directe des coefficients de transport
Transport properties at high temperature in gases and/or in plasmas are of very importance in various fields, namely in the field of breaking technology in arc, cutting plasma, welding or burning. Knowledge of transport coefficients is necessary for any modeling involving hydrodynamic equations. As part of the kinetic theory of diluted gas, an approximate solution of the integro-differential Boltzmann equation governing distribution functions was proposed by Chapman-Enskog. Transport coefficients are classically computed using the method of Chapman-Enskog through the collision integrals. In our study we have developed, initially, a numerical code to obtain these collision integral taking into account the singularities that may occur in the calculation of the cross sections relating to interactions between particles forming the gas and/or plasmas. Secondly, we have studied the influence of the choice of parameters of interaction potentials on transport coefficients. Subsequently, we have used the numerical code developed for evaluating and helium plasma transport coefficients by studying the influence of the choice of method for calculating chemical composition on these coefficients. Finally, a simplified model of an interaction between an electromagnetic wave and a helium plasma has been proposed as a direct application of the transport coefficients
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9

Crofoot, Robert Farrington. "Investigations of scalar transfer coefficients in fog during the Coupled Boundary Layers and Air Sea Transfer experiment : a case study." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39165.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Joint Program in Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-72).
The uncertainty in the determination of the momentum and scalar fluxes remains one of the main obstacles to accurate numerical forecasts in low to moderate wind conditions. For example, latent heat fluxes computed from data using direct covariance and bulk aerodynamic methods show that there is good agreement in unstable conditions when the latent heat flux values are generally positive. However, the agreement is relatively poor in stable conditions, particularly when the moisture flux is directed downward. If the direct covariance measurements are indeed accurate, then they clearly indicate that the bulk aerodynamic formula overestimate the downward moisture flux in stable conditions. As a result, comparisons of the Dalton number for unstable and stable conditions indicate a marked difference in value between the two stability regimes. Investigations done for this thesis used data taken primarily at the Air-Sea Interaction Tower (ASIT) during the Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer (CBLAST) Experiment 2003 from the 20-27 August 2003. Other data from the shore based Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO) and moored buoys in the vicinity of the ASIT were also incorporated.
(cont.) During this eight day period, the boundary layer was often characterized by light winds, a stably stratified surface layer and a swell dominated wave field. Additionally, the advection of warm moist air over cooler water resulted in fog formation and a downward flux of moisture on at least three occasions. Therefore, a primary objective of this thesis is to present a case study to investigate the cause of this shortcoming in the bulk formula under these conditions by examining the physical processes that are unique to these boundary layers. Particular attention will be paid to the behavior of the Dalton number in a stable marine atmospheric boundary layer under foggy conditions using insights derived from the study of fog formation and current flux parameterization methods.
by Robert Farrington Crofoot.
S.M.
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10

Ullberg, Malin. "Effects of pH and Cation Composition on Sorption of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) to Soil Particles." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256415.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have drawn great attention recently, due to their environmental persistence, potential toxicity and global distribution. PFAS is a large family of substances, characterized by a perflourinated carbon chain and a functional group. All PFASs are synthetic and have been widely used since the 1950s due to their unique properties of being both hydrophobic and oleophobic, making them useful for many industries. To be able to predict the fate of PFASs in the environment and to obtain detailed understanding of the transport processes, their partitioning behavior between soil particles and water depending on a range of parameters must be investigated. The aims of this study was to investigate the effects of pH, cation composition, functional group and perfluorocarbon chain length on sorption of PFASs to soil particles, by batch sorption experiment in laboratory scale. The laboratory-scale experiments were combined with modelling of the net charge to evaluate if net charge is a good predictor for sorption of PFASs to soil particles. 14 PFASs of varying length and functional groups were studied (PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, PFTeDA, PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS and FOSA). The effect on sorption of Na+, Ca2+ (two different concentrations) and Al3+ were investigated at pH-range 3-6. Modelling of net charge was carried out in the geochemical model Visual MINTEQ. The soil had 45% organic carbon content. The adsorption of PFASs was strongly correlated with perfluorocarbon chain length, showing a stronger adsorption to particles with increasing perfluorocarbon chain length (i.e. more hydrophobic). The relation between sorption (represented by the distribution coefficient log Kd) and perfluorocarbon chain length was linear for all PFSAs and C3 to C10 PFCAs. The PFSAs (sulfonate functional group) sorbed stronger to soil particles than the PFCAs (carboxylic functional group), and FOSA (sulfonamide functional group) sorbed the strongest. For most PFCAs, (C5-C13) there was a trend of decreasing log Kd (i.e. decreased sorption) with increasing pH, due to pH-dependent changes of the soil particle surfaces. For short and intermediate perfluorocarbon chain length PFCAs (C5-C8) and for PFHxS among the PFSAs, cations had a clear effect on sorption. Aluminium ions (trivalent, Al(NO3)3) had the largest effect, followed by calcium (divalent, Ca(NO3)2) where higher concentration resulted in stronger sorption. Sodium (univalent, NaNO3) had the least influence on sorption. The net charge modelled with Visual MINTEQ takes into account many parameters (including pH) that affect the surface charge and sorption of PFASs to soil particles. When comparing log Kd for the different PFASs with pH and net negative charge, net charge was a better predictor of sorption of PFASs to soil particles than solution pH alone.
Per- och polyfluoroalkylsubstanser (PFAS:er) har dragit stor uppmärksamhet till sig på senare tid, på grund av deras persistenta egenskaper, potentiella toxicitet och globala utbredning. PFAS är en stor grupp ämnen, kännetecknad av en perflourinerad kolkedja och en funktionell grupp. Alla PFAS är syntetiska och har använts i stor utsträckning sedan 1950-talet på grund av deras unika egenskaper av att vara både vatten- och fettavstötande, vilket gör dem användbara för många industriella tillämpningar. För att kunna förutsäga var dessa föroreningars hamnar i miljön och få mer detaljerad förstående för transportprocesserna, måste deras fördelningbeteende mellan jordpartiklar och vattenundersökas för en rad olika parametrar. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka effekterna av förändrat pH, katjonsammansättning, funktionell grupp och perfluorkolkedjelängd på sorption av PFAS:er till jordpartiklar. Detta gjordes med sorptionsexperiment i laboratorieskala. Laboratorieexperimentet kompletterades med modellering av nettoladdning, för att se huruvida detta väl kunde förklara sorptionen till jordpartiklar. 14 PFAS:er av varierande längd och med tre olika funktionella grupper studerades (PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFDoDA, PFTeDA, PFBS, PFHxS, PFOS och FOSA). Effekten på sorption av Na+, Ca2+ (två olika koncentrationer) och Al3+ undersöktes vid pH-intervallet 3-6. Modellering av nettoladdning utfördes i den geokemiska modellen Visual MINTEQ. Jorden som användes hade en halt av organiskt kol på 45%. Adsorptionen av PFAS:er var starkt positivt korrelerad med kedjelängden på de perfluorinerade kolkedjan. Ju längre kolkedja (dvs. mer hydrofob), desto starkare adsorption till partiklar. Relationen mellan sorptionen (här uttryckt som partitioneringskofficienten log Kd) och kedjelängd var linjär för alla PFSA och för C3 till C10 för PFCA. PFSA (sulfonat) adsorberade starkare än PFCA (karboxyl), och FOSA (sulfonamid) adsorberades starkast. För de flesta PFCA, (C5-C13) fanns en allmän trend där log Kd (dvs. sorption) minskade med ökande pH, på grund av pH-beroende förändringar på jordpartiklarna. För korta och medellånga PFCA (C5-C8) och för PFHxS hade katjonsammansättningen en tydlig effekt på sorptionen. Aluminiumjoner (trevärd, Al(NO3)3) hade den största effekten, följt av kalcium (tvåvärd, Ca(NO3)2) där den högre koncentrationen resulterade i starkare sorption. Natrium (envärd, NaNO3) hade minst påverkan på sorptionen till jordpartiklar. Visual MINTEQ tar hänsyn till många parametrar (inklusive pH), när nettoladdningen på jordpartiklarnas yta räknas ut. När log Kd för olika PFAS:er jämfördes med endera pH eller negativ nettoladdning, drogs slutsatsen att nettoladdning korrelerade bättre med sorption än pH.
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Books on the topic "COEFFICIENTS FOR INTERACTION"

1

Marenkov, O. S. Handbook of photon interaction coefficients in radioisotope-excited x-ray fluorescence analysis. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 1991.

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Kalmykov, Sergey, and Nikolay Pashin. Social advertising: designing effective interaction with the target audience. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23289.

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The monograph analyzes the possibility of managing the process of socio-advertising influence on socio-demographic groups. The developed methodological bases with the use of the multivariate paradigmatic status of sociological knowledge allowed us to form: principles of designing social advertising interaction, factors of efficiency (quality) of social advertising, a system of sociological quality assurance of social advertising. Insufficiently studied problems of efficiency and quality of social advertising are investigated. The coefficients of the importance of its efficiency factors (quality) are established. Stable interrelations of social advertising influence at the level of revealed correlation coefficients of behavioral reactions of various categories of target audience with their characteristics are proved. The results obtained are summarized in the developed model of behavior of the target audience on the basis of social advertising interaction, and the content modules of the mechanism of controllability of the specified process are proposed.
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J, Van Wie Bernard, and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. Evaluation of data availability and quality for interaction second virial coefficients of use to the gas industry. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1988.

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Center, Langley Research, ed. Finite-perturbation intermediate-neglect-of-differential-overlap molecular orbital calculations of nuclear magnetic resonance spin-spin coupling constants for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic nitrogen heterocyclics. Raleigh, N.C: North Carolina State University, 1985.

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Bera, Anil K. Interaction between autocorrelation and conditional heteroskedasticity: A random coefficient approach. [Urbana, Ill.]: College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1989.

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J, Roth Don, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. PSIDD (II): A protoype post-scan interactive data display system for detailed analysis of ultrasonic scans. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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J, Roth Don, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. PSIDD (II): A protoype post-scan interactive data display system for detailed analysis of ultrasonic scans. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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J, Roth Don, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. PSIDD (II): A protoype post-scan interactive data display system for detailed analysis of ultrasonic scans. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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A, Hoffbauer Mark, and Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center., eds. Measurement of momentum transfer coefficients for H₂, N₂, CO, and CO₂ incident upon spacecraft surfaces. Houston, Tex: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 1997.

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G, Hunter Louis, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. CFD study of turbo-Ramjet interactions in hypersonic airbreathing propulsion system: Final report : under contract NAG3-1500. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "COEFFICIENTS FOR INTERACTION"

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Aichinger, Horst, Joachim Dierker, Sigrid Joite-Barfuß, and Manfred Säbel. "Interaction Coefficients." In Radiation Exposure and Image Quality in X-Ray Diagnostic Radiology, 181–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11241-6_14.

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Aichinger, Horst, Joachim Dierker, Sigrid Joite-Barfuß, and Manfred Säbel. "Interaction Coefficients." In Radiation Exposure and Image Quality in X-Ray Diagnostic Radiology, 135–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09654-3_13.

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Mayles, W. P. M., A. E. Nahum, and J. C. Rosenwald. "Tables L3: Photon Interaction Coefficients." In Handbook of Radiotherapy Physics, Vol2:1303—Vol2:1304. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429201493-76.

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Ibrohimbek, Yusupov, Nurmurodov Javohir, Ibragimov Sanjarbek, Gofurjonov Muhammadali, and Qobilov Sirojiddin. "Calculation of Spectral Coefficients of Signals on the Basis of Haar by the Method of Machine Learning." In Intelligent Human Computer Interaction, 547–58. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27199-1_56.

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Burgot, Jean-Louis. "Virial Coefficients in Terms of Interaction Potential Energies: Mayer’s Theory." In The Notion of Activity in Chemistry, 365–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46401-5_33.

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Karahoda, Bertan, Krenare Pireva, and Ali Shariq Imran. "Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients Based Similar Albanian Phonemes Recognition." In Human Interface and the Management of Information: Information, Design and Interaction, 491–500. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40349-6_47.

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Ping, Robert A. "A Suggested Standard Error for Interaction Coefficients in Latent Variable Regression." In New Meanings for Marketing in a New Millennium, 283–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11927-4_94.

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Neumann, Erzsébet Néher. "On Emf Titrations Proposed for the Determination of Some Interaction Coefficients [1]." In Advanced Potentiometry, 181–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9525-2_6.

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Kushner, G. A. "Stiffness Coefficients and Elastic Forces Under Interaction Between Shafts and Plain Bearings." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 832–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54814-8_96.

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Hammami, Maroua, Olfa Ksentini, Nabih Feki, Mohamed Slim Abbes, and Mohamed Haddar. "Dynamic Interaction Between Transmission Error and Friction Coefficients for FZG-A10 Spur Gears." In Applied Condition Monitoring, 136–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76517-0_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "COEFFICIENTS FOR INTERACTION"

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Gallagher, Suzanne Renick, and Debra S. Goldberg. "Clustering Coefficients in Protein Interaction Hypernetworks." In BCB'13: ACM-BCB2013. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2506583.2506635.

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Aldeia, Guilherme Seidyo Imai, and Fabrício Olivetti de França. "Interaction-transformation evolutionary algorithm with coefficients optimization." In GECCO '22: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3520304.3533987.

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Huettmann, Gereon, Juergen Rosperich-Palm, Reginald Birngruber, Ralf Engelhardt, and Yingtian Pan. "Measurement of optical-transport coefficients of Intralipid in visible and NIR range." In Laser-Tissue Interaction V. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.182954.

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Steiner, Rudolf W., Alwin Kienle, and Raimund Hibst. "Use of a neural network and Monte Carlo simulations to determine the optical coefficients with spatially resolved transmittance measurements." In Laser-Tissue Interaction V. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.182955.

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Marie, Hazel. "Dynamic Simulation of Finger Seal-Rotor Interaction Using Variable Dynamic Coefficients." In 42nd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-4931.

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Datye, Deepak V. "On the Calibration of Coefficients of Friction for Pipeline-Seabed Interaction." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20447.

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Subsea pipelines placed on the seabed can buckle due to thermal and mechanical loads. This buckling, and the associated pipe walking phenomena, can lead to large stresses in the pipe sections and at the pipe end attachments. These high stresses need to be accounted for in pipeline design. An accurate simulation of pipeline buckling for design purposes requires a rational representation of the nonlinear large deformations of the underlying soil, which entails a large 3D problem to be solved with repeated remeshing in the Lagrangian setting. However, it is possible to reduce this effort and forgo the direct modeling of the underlying soil by modeling the pipe as a beam, the seabed as a surface, and the resistance offered by the soil to the pipe through an appropriate contact interaction behavior between the pipe and the seabed. This contact interaction behavior can be expressed through variable coefficients of friction between the pipeline and the seabed. In this paper the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian technique is used to evaluate the resistance offered by the plastic soil to the pipeline; the resistance data are then used to calibrate these coefficients of friction, which are in turn used in an implicit dynamic analysis for simulating the buckling deformations of a representative pipeline, modeled as a beam, in contact with the seabed, which is modeled as a surface.
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Kanevskii, G. I., A. M. Klubnichkin, and K. Ye Sazonov. "Ice Propulsion Performance Calculation As per Alternative System of Propeller-Hull Interaction Coefficients." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77210.

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Propulsion performance of icebreakers cannot be calculated as per the classic system of propeller-hull interaction coefficients due to high negative values of wake fractions. To overcome this difficulty, this paper applies an alternative system of propeller-hull interaction coefficients. This system consists of thrust deduction fraction, coefficient of hull effect upon thrust and coefficient of hull effect upon torque. The method suggested in this paper was used to analysis the data of ice trials for Vladivostok and Novorossiysk icebreakers. The input data in this analysis are speed in the ice field and required power. The sought values are propeller rotations per minute (RPM) and ice resistance. Propeller RPM values are compared versus the results of full-scale ice trials. Ice resistance values are compared versus the predictions based on the model test data obtained in ice basin of Krylov State Research Centre (KSRC). It is shown that at low speeds in the ice field (0.5–5.0 knots), calculated propeller RPMs have good correlation with the full-scale measurement data. This paper also gives propulsion performance calculation for Vladivostok icebreaker in 1.5-m thick ice field.
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Mentzoni, Fredrik, Mia Abrahamsen-Prsic, and Trygve Kristiansen. "Hydrodynamic Coefficients of Simplified Subsea Structures." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78315.

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Simplified two-dimensional models, representing components of complex subsea structures, are experimentally investigated. Individual as well as combinations of components in different configurations are tested, in order to study the effect of hydrodynamic interaction. The components include porous plates and cylindrical pipes with circular cross-section. Hydrodynamic added mass and damping coefficients, relevant for force estimation during lifting operations, are presented. The coefficients are obtained based on forced oscillation tests for a large range of Keulegan–Carpenter (KC) numbers and forcing periods, and compared to numerical source panel results for the low KC limit, as well as recommendations given by DNV GL, where relevant. Coefficients for all configurations are found to be highly amplitude dependent. Significant interaction effects are found for the assembled structures, causing either reduced or increased total added mass and damping coefficients compared to the super-position of the coefficients for individual members.
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Cerri, G., P. Boatto, W. F. O’Brien, and A. Sorrenti. "Optimization of Rotor-Stator-Strut Potential Flow Interaction Including Rotor Feedback Effects." In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/94-gt-274.

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A method for the optimization of stator blade stagger angles and of strut circumferential position in order to shield a rotor cascade from downstream strut pressure disturbances is presented. Potential flow interaction between rotor, stator and strut rows is analyzed by a boundary integral method for unsteady incompressible 2-D flows, based on singularity superposition over every blade profile. The flow field is solved in terms of velocity, and the pressure field is computed using the unsteady Bernoulli equation. An optimization technique based on a constrained minimization problem is applied; objective functions related to pressure coefficient and lift coefficients are considered. Force coefficients in the tangential and axial directions, and the momentum coefficient acting on the blades are calculated by integrating the pressure distribution over the blade profile. Results of the stagger angle and strut position optimization are presented and discussed. An analysis in the frequency domain is also performed.
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Alsiraji, Hasan Alrajhi. "Assessment of Graphene Band Gap Based on Varying the Interaction Energy Coefficients." In 2019 IEEE Jordan International Joint Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (JEEIT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jeeit.2019.8717435.

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Reports on the topic "COEFFICIENTS FOR INTERACTION"

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Van Wie, Bernard J. Evaluation of data availability and quality for interaction second virial coefficients of use to the gas industry. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.tn.1249.

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Sand, J. R. An analytical method of predicting Lee-Kesler-Ploecker binary interaction coefficients: Part 1, For non-polar hydrocarbon mixtures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/105495.

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Beavers. L51557 Pressure Losses in Compressor Station Yard Pipework - Phase II. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010277.

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The economic assessment of piping layout in compressor station yards relies on accurate prediction of pressure losses within the network. Methods currently used to predict pressure losses in station pipe work are unreliable. As a result inadequate and inaccurate information is being used when making economic assessments of piping layout and in the prediction of operating costs. By improving the design process substantial economic advantages may be gained in balancing pressure losses and compressor inlet flow conditions against investment in piping and components. Currently the existing data concentrate on isolated component losses and there is a lack of reliable data on interaction of adjacent components frequently present in compressor yard layouts. Thus, in order to produce a comprehensive guide to compressor yard losses, there was considerable incentive to quantify these interactions. This report details the experimental work to provide reliable pressure loss data for an engineer's design handbook. The tee tests include the effect of branch to run radius and two area ratios. A total of 36 bend/tee combinations were tested. Results are presented as overall bend/tee pressure loss coefficients and interaction corrections. The latter are used in the design handbook. The factors affecting bend and tee performance are discussed. Bend/tee interactions are explained qualitatively in terms of interaction of the pressure and flow distributions within the components. The work covers pressure losses in bends, close coupled bend/bend combinations, tees (combining and dividing) and tee/bend combinations.
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Weidner, Martin, Hyungsik Roger Moon, and Matthew Shum. Estimation of random coefficients logit demand models with interactive fixed effects. Institute for Fiscal Studies, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2012.0812.

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Shum, Matthew, Hyungsik Roger Moon, and Martin Weidner. Estimation of random coefficients logit demand models with interactive fixed effects. Institute for Fiscal Studies, April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2014.2014.

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Moon, Hyungsik Roger, Matthew Shum, and Martin Weidner. Estimation of random coefficients logit demand models with interactive fixed effects. The IFS, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2017.1217.

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Goetsch, Arthur L., Yoav Aharoni, Arieh Brosh, Ryszard (Richard) Puchala, Terry A. Gipson, Zalman Henkin, Eugene D. Ungar, and Amit Dolev. Energy Expenditure for Activity in Free Ranging Ruminants: A Nutritional Frontier. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696529.bard.

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Heat production (HP) or energy expenditure for activity (EEa) is of fundamental nutritional importance for livestock because it determines the proportion of ingested nutrients available for productive functions. Previous estimates of EEa are unreliable and vary widely with different indirect methodologies. This leads to erroneous nutritional strategies, especially when intake on pasture does not meet nutritional requirements and supplementation is necessary for acceptable production. Therefore, the objective of this project was to measure EEa in different classes of livestock (beef cattle and goats) over a wide range of ecological and management conditions to develop and evaluate simple means of prediction. In the first study in Israel, small frame (SF) and large frame (LF) cows (268 and 581 kg) were monitored during spring, summer, and autumn. Feed intake by SF cows per unit of metabolic weight was greater (P < 0.001) than that by LF cows in both spring and summer and their apparent selection of higher quality herbage in spring was greater (P < 0.10) than that of LF cows. SF cows grazed more hours per day and walked longer distances than the LF cows during all seasons. The coefficient of specific costs of activities (kJ•kg BW-0.75•d-1) and of locomotion (J•kg BW-0.75•m-1) were smaller for the SF cows. In the second study, cows were monitored in March, May, and September when they grazed relatively large plots, 135 and 78 ha. Energy cost coefficients of standing, grazing, and horizontal locomotion derived were similar to those of the previous study based on data from smaller plots. However, the energy costs of walking idle and of vertical locomotion were greater than those found by Brosh et al. (2006) but similar to those found by Aharoni et al. (2009). In the third study, cows were monitored in February and May in a 78-ha plot with an average slope of 15.5°, whereas average plot slopes of the former studies ranged between 4.3 and 6.9°. Energy cost coefficients of standing, grazing, and walking idle were greater than those calculated in the previous studies. However, the estimated energy costs of locomotion were lower in the steeper plot. A comparison on a similar HP basis, i.e., similar metabolizable energy (ME) intake, shows that the daily energy spent on activities in relation to daily HP increased by 27% as the average plot slope increased from 5.8 and 6.02 to 15.5°. In the fourth study, cows grazing in a woodland habitat were monitored as in previous studies in December, March, and July. Data analysis is in progress. In the first US experiment, Boer and Spanish does with two kids were used in an experiment beginning in late spring at an average of 24 days after kidding. Two does of each breed resided in eight 0.5-ha grass/forb pastures. Periods of 56, 60, 63, 64, and 73 days in length corresponded to mid-lactation, early post-weaning, the late dry period, early gestation, and mid-gestation. EEa expressed as a percentage of the ME requirement for maintenance plus activity in confinement (EEa%) was not influenced by stocking rate, breed, or period, averaging 49%. Behavioral activities (e.g., time spent grazing, walking, and idle, distance traveled) were not highly related to EEa%, although no-intercept regressions against time spent grazing/eating and grazing/eating plus walking indicated an increase in EEa% of 5.8 and 5.1%/h, respectively. In the second study, animal types were yearling Angora doeling goats, yearling Boer wether goats, yearling Spanish wether goats, and Rambouilletwether sheep slightly more than 2 yr of age. Two animals of each type were randomly allocated to one of four pastures 9.3, 12.3, 4.6, and 1.2 ha in area. The experiment was conducted in the summer with three periods, 30, 26, and 26 days in length. EEa% was affected by an interaction between animal type and period (Angora: 16, 17, and 15; Boer: 60, 67, and 34; Spanish: 46, 62, and 42; sheep: 22, 12, and 22% in periods 1, 2, and 3, respectively (SE = 6.1)). EEa% of goats was predicted with moderate accuracy (R2 = 0.40-0.41) and without bias from estimates of 5.8 and 5.1%/h spent grazing/eating and grazing/eating plus walking, respectively, determined in the first experiment; however, these methods were not suitable for sheep. These methods of prediction are simpler and more accurate than currently recommended for goats by the National Research Council.
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Tsidylo, Ivan M., Serhiy O. Semerikov, Tetiana I. Gargula, Hanna V. Solonetska, Yaroslav P. Zamora, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Simulation of intellectual system for evaluation of multilevel test tasks on the basis of fuzzy logic. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4370.

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The article describes the stages of modeling an intelligent system for evaluating multilevel test tasks based on fuzzy logic in the MATLAB application package, namely the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. The analysis of existing approaches to fuzzy assessment of test methods, their advantages and disadvantages is given. The considered methods for assessing students are presented in the general case by two methods: using fuzzy sets and corresponding membership functions; fuzzy estimation method and generalized fuzzy estimation method. In the present work, the Sugeno production model is used as the closest to the natural language. This closeness allows for closer interaction with a subject area expert and build well-understood, easily interpreted inference systems. The structure of a fuzzy system, functions and mechanisms of model building are described. The system is presented in the form of a block diagram of fuzzy logical nodes and consists of four input variables, corresponding to the levels of knowledge assimilation and one initial one. The surface of the response of a fuzzy system reflects the dependence of the final grade on the level of difficulty of the task and the degree of correctness of the task. The structure and functions of the fuzzy system are indicated. The modeled in this way intelligent system for assessing multilevel test tasks based on fuzzy logic makes it possible to take into account the fuzzy characteristics of the test: the level of difficulty of the task, which can be assessed as “easy”, “average", “above average”, “difficult”; the degree of correctness of the task, which can be assessed as “correct”, “partially correct”, “rather correct”, “incorrect”; time allotted for the execution of a test task or test, which can be assessed as “short”, “medium”, “long”, “very long”; the percentage of correctly completed tasks, which can be assessed as “small”, “medium”, “large”, “very large”; the final mark for the test, which can be assessed as “poor”, “satisfactory”, “good”, “excellent”, which are included in the assessment. This approach ensures the maximum consideration of answers to questions of all levels of complexity by formulating a base of inference rules and selection of weighting coefficients when deriving the final estimate. The robustness of the system is achieved by using Gaussian membership functions. The testing of the controller on the test sample brings the functional suitability of the developed model.
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Menéses-González, María Fernanda, Angélica María Lizarazo-Cuéllar, Diego Cuesta-Mora, and Daniel Esteban Osorio-Ramírez. Financial Development and Monetary Policy Transmission. Banco de la República Colombia, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1219.

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This paper estimates the effect of financial development on the transmission of monetary policy. To do so, the paper employs a panel data set containing financial development indicators, policy rates, lending rates, and deposit rates for 43 countries for the period 2000-2019 and applies the empirical strategy of Brandao Marques et al. (2020): firstly, monetary policy shocks are estimated using a Taylor-rule specification that relates changes in the policy rate to inflation, the output gap and other observables that are likely to influencemonetary policy decisions; secondly, the residuals of this estimation (policy shocks) are used in a specification that relates lending or deposit rates to, among others, policy shocks and the interaction between policy shocks and measures of financial development. The coefficient on this interaction term captures the effect of financial development on the relationship between policy shocks and lending or deposit rates. The main findings of the paper are twofold: on the one hand, financial development does strengthen the monetary policy transmission channel to deposit rates; that is, changes in the policy rate in economies with more financial development induce larger changes (in the same direction) in deposit rates than is the case in economies with less financial development. This result is particularly driven by the effect of the development of financial institutions on policy transmission – the effect of financial markets development turns out to be smaller in magnitude. On the other hand, financial development does not strengthen the transmission of monetary policy to lending rates. This is consistent with a credit channel which weakens in the face of financial development in a context where banks cannot easily substitute short-term funding sources. These results highlight the relevance of financial development for the functioning of monetary policy across countries, and possibly imply the necessity of a more active role of monetary authorities in fostering financial development.
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Duvvuri, Sarvani, and Srinivas S. Pulugurtha. Researching Relationships between Truck Travel Time Performance Measures and On-Network and Off-Network Characteristics. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1946.

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Trucks serve significant amount of freight tonnage and are more susceptible to complex interactions with other vehicles in a traffic stream. While traffic congestion continues to be a significant ‘highway’ problem, delays in truck travel result in loss of revenue to the trucking companies. There is a significant research on the traffic congestion mitigation, but a very few studies focused on data exclusive to trucks. This research is aimed at a regional-level analysis of truck travel time data to identify roads for improving mobility and reducing congestion for truck traffic. The objectives of the research are to compute and evaluate the truck travel time performance measures (by time of the day and day of the week) and use selected truck travel time performance measures to examine their correlation with on-network and off-network characteristics. Truck travel time data for the year 2019 were obtained and processed at the link level for Mecklenburg County, Wake County, and Buncombe County, NC. Various truck travel time performance measures were computed by time of the day and day of the week. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was performed to select the average travel time (ATT), planning time index (PTI), travel time index (TTI), and buffer time index (BTI) for further analysis. On-network characteristics such as the speed limit, reference speed, annual average daily traffic (AADT), and the number of through lanes were extracted for each link. Similarly, off-network characteristics such as land use and demographic data in the near vicinity of each selected link were captured using 0.25 miles and 0.50 miles as buffer widths. The relationships between the selected truck travel time performance measures and on-network and off-network characteristics were then analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. The results indicate that urban areas, high-volume roads, and principal arterial roads are positively correlated with the truck travel time performance measures. Further, the presence of agricultural, light commercial, heavy commercial, light industrial, single-family residential, multi-family residential, office, transportation, and medical land uses increase the truck travel time performance measures (decrease the operational performance). The methodological approach and findings can be used in identifying potential areas to serve as truck priority zones and for planning decentralized delivery locations.
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