Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cocoa agroforests / Journal articles

Journal articles on the topic 'Cocoa agroforests'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Cocoa agroforests.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Cocoa agroforests.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Batsi, Germain, Denis Jean Sonwa, Lisette Mangaza, Jérôme Ebuy, and Jean-Marie Kahindo. "Biodiversity of the Cocoa Agroforests of the Bengamisa-Yangambi Forest Landscape in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)." Forests 11, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11101096.

Full text

Abstract:

Cocoa agroforestry has evolved into an accepted natural resource conservation strategy in the tropics. It is regularly proposed as one of the main uses for REDD+ projects (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, few studies have characterized the cocoa agroforestry systems in this country. Hence, this research proposes to determine the impact of distance from Kisangani (the unique city in the landscape) and land-use intensity on the floristic composition of cocoa agroforests in Bengamisa-Yangambi forest landscape in the Congo Basin. The results revealed that species diversity and density of plants associated with cocoa are influenced by the distance from Kisangani (the main city in the landscape and province). Farmers maintain/introduce trees that play one or more of several roles. They may host caterpillars, provide food, medicine, or timber, or deliver other functions such as providing shade to the cocoa tree. Farmers maintain plants with edible products (mainly oil palms) in their agroforests more than other plants. Thus, these agroforests play key roles in conserving the floristic diversity of degraded areas. As cocoa agroforestry has greater potential for production, biodiversity conservation, and environmental protection, it should be used to slow down or even stop deforestation and forest degradation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Ballesteros-Possú, William, Juan Carlos Valencia, and Jorge Fernando Navia-Estrada. "Assessment of a Cocoa-Based Agroforestry System in the Southwest of Colombia." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 2, 2022): 9447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159447.

Full text

Abstract:

Cocoa-based agroforests play an important role in farmer livelihood and the global environment; however, despite these facts, their low yields and tree aging put at risk their fate. This project investigated the carbon storage potential, productivity, and economics of different agroforestry arrangements of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) with Melina (Gmelina arborea) trees, in the southwest of Colombia. We established the experiment under a Randomized Complete Blocks design with seven treatments and three repetitions. Different allometric models were tested. Allometric models were made for G. arborea trees with dbh, ranging between 30.24 and 50.11 cm. The total carbon accumulation fluctuated between 49.2 (Treatment 4) and 88.5 t ha−1 (Treatment 2), soil organic matter (SOM) ranged between 9 and 17%, bulk density decreased from 0.83 to 0.77 g cm−3. Cocoa yield ranged between 311 kg ha−1 year−1 (Treatment 7, traditional farm) and 922 kg ha−1 year−1 (Treatment 6). Treatment 6 showed the best performance with a net present value (NPV) of COP 1,446,467 (US $337.6), an internal rate of return (IRR) of 42%, and a cost-benefit ratio (B/C) of 1.67%. The benefits of AFS were also evidenced in some of the physical and chemical soil properties. Despite local marginality, these cocoa agroforest arrangements are a viable alternative to improve the traditional (local) cocoa systems because cacao agroforest arrangements increased cacao yield and carbon storage becoming a suitable alternative to improve traditional systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Numbisi, Frederick N., Frieke M. B. Van Coillie, and Robert De Wulf. "Delineation of Cocoa Agroforests Using Multiseason Sentinel-1 SAR Images: A Low Grey Level Range Reduces Uncertainties in GLCM Texture-Based Mapping." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 4 (April 6, 2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8040179.

Full text

Abstract:

Delineating the cropping area of cocoa agroforests is a major challenge in quantifying the contribution of land use expansion to tropical deforestation. Discriminating cocoa agroforests from tropical transition forests using multispectral optical images is difficult due to the similarity of the spectral characteristics of their canopies. Moreover, the frequent cloud cover in the tropics greatly impedes optical sensors. This study evaluated the potential of multiseason Sentinel-1 C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery to discriminate cocoa agroforests from transition forests in a heterogeneous landscape in central Cameroon. We used an ensemble classifier, Random Forest (RF), to average the SAR image texture features of a grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) across seasons. We then compared the classification performance with results from RapidEye optical data. Moreover, we assessed the performance of GLCM texture feature extraction at four different grey levels of quantization: 32 bits, 8 bits, 6 bits, and 4 bits. The classification’s overall accuracy (OA) from texture-based maps outperformed that from an optical image. The highest OA (88.8%) was recorded at the 6 bits grey level. This quantization level, in comparison to the initial 32 bits in the SAR images, reduced the class prediction error by 2.9%. The texture-based classification achieved an acceptable accuracy and revealed that cocoa agroforests have considerably fragmented the remnant transition forest patches. The Shannon entropy (H) or uncertainty provided a reliable validation of the class predictions and enabled inferences about discriminating inherently heterogeneous vegetation categories.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

SCHNEIDER, M., C. ANDRES, G. TRUJILLO, F. ALCON, P. AMURRIO, E. PEREZ, F. WEIBEL, and J. MILZ. "COCOA AND TOTAL SYSTEM YIELDS OF ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL AGROFORESTRY VS. MONOCULTURE SYSTEMS IN A LONG-TERM FIELD TRIAL IN BOLIVIA." Experimental Agriculture 53, no. 3 (August 1, 2016): 351–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479716000417.

Full text

Abstract:

SUMMARYCocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is produced in systems of varying complexity ranging from monoculture with temporary shade to highly diverse agroforests. Producers have to weigh high cocoa yields in the short to medium term in monocultures against higher total system yields in the short term and sustainable production systems in the long term in conjunction with ecosystem services in agroforestry systems (AFs). More long-term data on the comparative agronomic, economic and ecological performance of differently managed cocoa production systems is required to make sound recommendations to farmers. This paper describes the only long-term field trial worldwide comparing different cocoa production systems under conventional and organic management. The factors (i) crop diversity (monoculture vs. agroforestry), (ii) management practice (conventional vs. organic) and (iii) cultivar are being tested in a full-factorial, randomized complete block design with four replications. First, results showed significantly faster development of trunk circumferences in monocultures (+21%) compared to AFs. Cocoa yields were 47% lower in the organic compared to the conventional monoculture. In the AFs, however, the organic–conventional yield gap was less pronounced (−16%) and statistically insignificant. The cumulative yields of all products harvested were significantly higher in the AFs (+161%) compared to the monocultures. The productivity of cocoa by-crops in AFs may contribute to local food security and risk distribution in smallholder contexts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Somarriba, Eduardo, and Philippe Lachenaud. "Successional cocoa agroforests of the Amazon–Orinoco–Guiana shield." Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 22, no. 1 (March 2013): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2013.770316.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Akoutou Mvondo, E., E. G. D. Ndo, M. L. Tsouga Manga, C. L. Aba'ane, J. Abondo Bitoumou, Bella Manga, L. Bidzanga Nomo, Z. Ambang, and C. Cilas. "Effects of complex cocoa-based agroforests on citrus tree decline." Crop Protection 130 (April 2020): 105051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2019.105051.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ruf, François Olivier. "The Myth of Complex Cocoa Agroforests: The Case of Ghana." Human Ecology 39, no. 3 (April 7, 2011): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-011-9392-0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Schroth, Götz, Arzhvaël Jeusset, Andrea da Silva Gomes, Ciro Tavares Florence, Núbia Aparecida Pinto Coelho, Deborah Faria, and Peter Läderach. "Climate friendliness of cocoa agroforests is compatible with productivity increase." Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 21, no. 1 (May 11, 2014): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-014-9570-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

L., Zapfack, Chimi Djomo C., Noiha Noumi V., Zekeng J. C., Meyan-ya Daghela G. R., and Tabue Mbobda R. B. "Correlation between Associated Trees, Cocoa Trees and Carbon Stocks Potential in Cocoa Agroforests of Southern Cameroon." Sustainability in Environment 1, no. 2 (June 29, 2016): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/se.v1n2p71.

Full text

Abstract:

This study was conducted in the Cocoa Agro-Forests (CAF) of Mengomo’s locality. The aim was to<br />evaluate the influence of some factors on carbon stocks. The sampling was done in 30 plots of 25 x 25 m<br />2 in which all trees with a dbh≥10 cm were inventoried. The Shannon, Simpson and Evernnessindexes<br />were calculated to characterize the diversity of trees associated with cocoa. 62 species belonging to 48<br />genera and 27 families were identified, the Anacardiaceae, Moraceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Mimosaceae<br />and Rutaceae, were revealed the most diverse families, with 5 species each. Shannon’s (3.66),<br />Evernness’s (0.76) and Simpson’s (0.96) indexes have reflected a low diversity, dominated by some few<br />species. The average density of cocoa trees is 1028 trees/ha. They store about 22.51±5.86 Mg C/ha.<br />Associated trees stored 124.20±60.05Mg C/ha for tree density of 113 trees/ha. These CAF sequestered<br />about 146.71Mg C/ha. The multiple correspondence analyses showed that carbon stocks in the CAF are<br />positively correlated with the associated trees and the age of the CAF and negatively correlated with the<br />abundance of cocoa trees. The biomass of cocoa is independent of the associated trees, but is inversely<br />related to the density of the associated trees.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Numbisi, Frederick N., and Frieke Van Coillie. "Does Sentinel-1A Backscatter Capture the Spatial Variability in Canopy Gaps of Tropical Agroforests? A Proof-of-Concept in Cocoa Landscapes in Cameroon." Remote Sensing 12, no. 24 (December 19, 2020): 4163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12244163.

Full text

Abstract:

A reliable estimation and monitoring of tree canopy cover or shade distribution is essential for a sustainable cocoa production via agroforestry systems. Remote sensing (RS) data offer great potential in retrieving and monitoring vegetation status at landscape scales. However, parallel advancements in image processing and analysis are required to appropriately use such data for different targeted applications. This study assessed the potential of Sentinel-1A (S-1A) C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter in estimating canopy cover variability in cocoa agroforestry landscapes. We investigated two landscapes, in Center and South Cameroon, which differ in predominant vegetation: forest-savannah transition and forest landscape, respectively. We estimated canopy cover using in-situ digital hemispherical photographs (DHPs) measures of gap fraction, verified the relationship with SAR backscatter intensity and assessed predictions based on three machine learning approaches: multivariate bootstrap regression, neural networks regression, and random forest regression. Our results showed that about 30% of the variance in canopy gap fraction in the cocoa production landscapes was shared by the used SAR backscatter parameters: a combination of S-1A backscatter intensity, backscatter coefficients, difference, cross ratios, and normalized ratios. Based on the model predictions, the VV (co-polarization) backscatter showed high importance in estimating canopy gap fraction; the VH (cross-polarized) backscatter was less sensitive to the estimated canopy gap. We observed that a combination of different backscatter variables was more reliable at predicting the canopy gap variability in the considered type of vegetation in this study—agroforests. Semi-variogram analysis of canopy gap fraction at the landscape scale revealed higher spatial clustering of canopy gap, based on spatial correlation, at a distance range of 18.95 m in the vegetation transition landscape, compared to a 51.12 m spatial correlation range in the forest landscape. We provide new insight on the spatial variability of canopy gaps in the cocoa landscapes which may be essential for predicting impacts of changing and extreme (drought) weather conditions on farm management and productivity. Our results contribute a proof-of-concept in using current and future SAR images to support management tools or strategies on tree inventorying and decisions regarding incentives for shade tree retention and planting in cocoa landscapes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Numbisi, Frederick N., Dieudonne Alemagi, Ann Degrande, and Frieke Van Coillie. "Farm Rejuvenation-Induced Changes in Tree Spatial Pattern and Live Biomass Species of Cocoa Agroforests in Central Cameroon: Insights for Tree Conservation Incentives in Cocoa Landscapes." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 29, 2021): 8483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158483.

Full text

Abstract:

Cocoa agroforests sustain ecosystem services (ESs) to varying degrees. These services are otherwise mostly provided by other non-cocoa shade or companion trees. However, the density of shade trees is associated with services and/or disservices that drive farm-specific tree management successions. Considering the growing impacts of climate crisis on farm productivity and the need for adaptation strategies, the ESs are increasingly provisional and contingent on the prevailing vegetation, land tenure, and management successions, amongst others social and ecological factors. To assess the temporal changes in shade management, we surveyed an age gradient of “family farms” in cocoa agroforests created from forest (fCAFS) and savannah (sCAFS) land cover. We evaluated the temporal changes in farm structure, relative tree abundance, and live aboveground biomass of the major canopy strata. We used a spatial point process and linear mixed effect analysis to assess the contributions of associated perennial trees (AsT) on farm rejuvenation patterns. The density of cocoa trees was inconsistent with farm age; this was significantly high on farms in sCAFS (1544 trees ha−1) with spatially random configuration across farm age. On farms in fCAFS, we observed a transition of the cocoa tree configuration in the order regular, random, and clustering from young (with highest density of 1114 trees ha−1) to old farms. On a temporal scale, there is no clear distinction of farm structure and biomass between fCAFS and sCAFS. However, the cycle of tree species and structural composition of the canopy strata are dissimilar; the live biomass allocation for the considered use groups of tree species was different with farm age. The observed dynamics in canopy tree structure and live biomass provide insights into farmers’ temporal allocation of uses and prioritization of different tree species with farm age. We recommend the consideration of such landscape-specific, tree management dynamics in proposing on-farm tree conservation incentives. Our results are also conducive to reliable estimates of the ecosystem services from CAFS in the national implementation of conservation mechanisms such as REDD+.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Blaser-Hart, W. J., S. P. Hart, J. Oppong, D. Kyereh, E. Yeboah, and J. Six. "The effectiveness of cocoa agroforests depends on shade-tree canopy height." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 322 (December 2021): 107676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107676.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

ALMEIDA-ROCHA, JULIANA MONTEIRO DE, JULIO AMARO BETTO MONSALVO, and LEONARDO DE CARVALHO OLIVEIRA. "Diet specialisation reduces the occupancy of cocoa agroforests by diurnal raptors." Bird Conservation International 29, no. 4 (March 5, 2019): 558–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270919000017.

Full text

Abstract:

SummaryHabitat loss and fragmentation, especially due to agriculture expansion, pose the main threats to biodiversity conservation. While some species are able to survive and proliferate in human-modified habitats (winner species), others are highly dependent on well-preserved habitats, being more vulnerable to extinction (losers). Many raptors can be considered loser species due to their high trophic position, large home ranges, and low reproductive rates. Consequently, this group is frequently used to reflect the environmental quality of habitats and the biodiversity status of communities. Here we describe the diurnal raptor assemblages found in shaded-cocoa agroforests (cabrucas) of Southern Bahia, Brazil, and the determinants of raptor occupancy in this system. We systematically surveyed diurnal raptors in 16cabrucasites using complementary sampling methods – active search, playback, and point-count – and modeled species occupancy using covariates related to vegetation structure, landscape, management intensity, and biological traits (body mass, trophic level, and diet specialisation). We found a high number of species (at least 18) as able to usecabrucasand a negative relationship between species occupancy and the degree of diet specialisation. Thus, our results suggest thatcabrucashave a high potential to mitigate the effects of forest loss and fragmentation on diurnal raptors, but this system alone may not support complete assemblages of this group. It highlights the need for the maintenance of forest remnants in the landscapes to increase species diversity at a regional scale and to assure the conservation of this group in Southern Bahian Atlantic Forest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Fontes, A. G., A. C. Gama-Rodrigues, E. F. Gama-Rodrigues, M. V. S. Sales, M. G. Costa, and R. C. R. Machado. "Nutrient stocks in litterfall and litter in cocoa agroforests in Brazil." Plant and Soil 383, no. 1-2 (June 22, 2014): 313–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2175-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Blaser, W. J., J. Oppong, E. Yeboah, and J. Six. "Shade trees have limited benefits for soil fertility in cocoa agroforests." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 243 (June 2017): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.04.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Asigbaase, Michael, Evans Dawoe, Barry H. Lomax, and Sofie Sjogersten. "Biomass and carbon stocks of organic and conventional cocoa agroforests, Ghana." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 306 (February 2021): 107192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107192.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Sonwa, Denis J., Ousmane Coulibaly, A. Akinwumi Adesina, Stephan F. Weise, and Mathurin Tchatat. "Integrated Pest Management in Cocoa Agroforests in Southern Cameroon: Constraints and Overview." Integrated Pest Management Reviews 7, no. 3 (2002): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ipmr.0000027499.52755.0b.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Monteiro de Almeida Rocha, Juliana, Paula Pedreira dos Reis, and Leonardo de Carvalho Oliveira. "Play Behavior of the Golden-Headed Lion Tamarin in Brazilian Cocoa Agroforests." Folia Primatologica 85, no. 3 (2014): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000362813.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Babin, RÃ©gis, Gerben M. ten Hoopen, Christian Cilas, Frank Enjalric, Yede, Pierre Gendre, and Jean-Pierre Lumaret. "Impact of shade on the spatial distribution ofSahlbergella singularisin traditional cocoa agroforests." Agricultural and Forest Entomology 12, no. 1 (February 2010): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2009.00453.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Jagoret, Patrick, Isabelle Michel-Dounias, and Eric Malézieux. "Long-term dynamics of cocoa agroforests: a case study in central Cameroon." Agroforestry Systems 81, no. 3 (January 9, 2011): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-010-9368-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Deheuvels, Olivier, Guillaume Xavier Rousseau, Grimaldo Soto Quiroga, Marcos Decker Franco, Rolando Cerda, Sergio José Vílchez Mendoza, and Eduardo Somarriba. "Biodiversity is affected by changes in management intensity of cocoa-based agroforests." Agroforestry Systems 88, no. 6 (May 28, 2014): 1081–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9710-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Ambele, Chaba F., Sunday Ekesi, Hervé D. B. Bisseleua, Olubukola O. Babalola, Fathiya M. Khamis, Christian T. L. Djuideu, and Komivi S. Akutse. "Entomopathogenic Fungi as Endophytes for Biological Control of Subterranean Termite Pests Attacking Cocoa Seedlings." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6030126.

Full text

Abstract:

This study was conducted in the scope of developing a sustainable effective approach against subterranean termite pests using entomopathogenic and endophytic fungus-based biopesticides. Termites, Odontotermes spp. workers, were tested for their susceptibility to 15 entomopathogenic fungal isolates through the direct spraying of conidia suspensions at 1 × 108 conidia/mL. In general, all the isolates screened were pathogenic, with 100% mortality 4–7 days post-inoculation. However, the most virulent isolates were Metarhizium brunneum Cb15-III; the M. anisopliae isolates ICIPE 30 and ICIPE 60; Hypocrea lixii F3ST1; and the Beauveria bassiana isolates ICIPE 279, ICIPE 706 and ICIPE 662. These isolates were further tested for their endophytic colonization of cocoa seedlings using seed soaking, soil drench and foliar spray at 1 × 108 conidia/mL. The colonization of the plant tissues by the fungi was determined using a culture-based technique. Only the B. bassiana isolates ICIPE 706 and ICIPE 279, and H. lixii F3ST1 colonized the cocoa seedlings, with varied colonization rates among isolates and inoculation methods. Three naturally occurring endophytes—Trichoderma asperellum, Fusarium solani and F. redolens—were also isolated from the cocoa seedling tissues. These findings suggest that cocoa seedlings are conducive to endophytic fungal growth either occurring naturally or from artificial inoculation Our findings could possibly lead to an innovative approach to the management of herbivory and subterranean termite pests in cocoa agroforests.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Smiley, G. L., and J. Kroschel. "Temporal change in carbon stocks of cocoa–gliricidia agroforests in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia." Agroforestry Systems 73, no. 3 (May 13, 2008): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-008-9144-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Smiley, G. L., and J. Kroschel. "Yield development and nutrient dynamics in cocoa-gliricidia agroforests of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia." Agroforestry Systems 78, no. 2 (December 11, 2009): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-009-9259-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Jiofack, Jiofack. "Agroforestry typology of some cocoa based agroforests in the Mbam and Inoubou division: The importance for local population livelihoods." Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment 5, no. 12 (December 31, 2013): 378–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jene12.085.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Gateau-Rey, Lauranne, Edmund V. J. Tanner, Bruno Rapidel, Jean-Philippe Marelli, and Stefan Royaert. "Climate change could threaten cocoa production: Effects of 2015-16 El Niño-related drought on cocoa agroforests in Bahia, Brazil." PLOS ONE 13, no. 7 (July 10, 2018): e0200454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200454.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Toledo-Hernández, Manuel, Teja Tscharntke, Aiyen Tjoa, Alam Anshary, Basir Cyio, and Thomas C. Wanger. "Landscape and farm-level management for conservation of potential pollinators in Indonesian cocoa agroforests." Biological Conservation 257 (May 2021): 109106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109106.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Jaza Folefack, Achille Jean, Lea Yvonne Eboutou, Ann Degrande, Thérèse Fouda Moulende, François Kamajou, and Siegfried Bauer. "BENEFITS FROM TREE SPECIES’ DIVERSIFICATION IN COCOA AGROFORESTS IN THE CENTRE REGION OF CAMEROON." Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences 47, no. 11 (November 28, 2015): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2015-11.01.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Jagoret, Patrick, Hervé Todem Ngnogue, Eric Malézieux, and Isabelle Michel. "Trajectories of cocoa agroforests and their drivers over time: Lessons from the Cameroonian experience." European Journal of Agronomy 101 (November 2018): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2018.09.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Sonwa, Denis J., Stephan F. Weise, Bernard A. Nkongmeneck, Maturin Tchatat, and Marc J. J. Janssens. "Structure and composition of cocoa agroforests in the humid forest zone of Southern Cameroon." Agroforestry Systems 91, no. 3 (April 23, 2016): 451–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-016-9942-y.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Sonwa, Denis J., Bernard A. Nkongmeneck, Stephan F. Weise, Maturin Tchatat, Akin A. Adesina, and Marc J. J. Janssens. "Diversity of plants in cocoa agroforests in the humid forest zone of Southern Cameroon." Biodiversity and Conservation 16, no. 8 (May 31, 2007): 2385–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-007-9187-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Asigbaase, Michael, Sofie Sjogersten, Barry H. Lomax, and Evans Dawoe. "Tree diversity and its ecological importance value in organic and conventional cocoa agroforests in Ghana." PLOS ONE 14, no. 1 (January 11, 2019): e0210557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210557.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Gockowski, James, Mathurin Tchatat, Jean-Paul Dondjang, Gisele Hietet, and Terese Fouda. "An Empirical Analysis of the Biodiversity and Economic Returns to Cocoa Agroforests in Southern Cameroon." Journal of Sustainable Forestry 29, no. 6-8 (October 14, 2010): 638–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10549811003739486.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Numbisi, F. N., F. Van Coillie, and R. De Wulf. "MULTI-DATE SENTINEL1 SAR IMAGE TEXTURES DISCRIMINATE PERENNIAL AGROFORESTS IN A TROPICAL FOREST-SAVANNAH TRANSITION LANDSCAPE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-1 (September 26, 2018): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-1-339-2018.

Full text

Abstract:

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) provides consistent information on target land features; especially in tropical conditions that restrain penetration of optical imaging sensors. Because radar response signal is influenced by geometric and di-electrical properties of surface features’, the different land cover may appear similar in radar images. For discriminating perennial cocoa agroforestry land cover, we compare a multi-spectral optical image from RapidEye, acquired in the dry season, and multi-seasonal C-band SAR of Sentinel 1: A final set of 10 (out of 50) images that represent six dry and four wet seasons from 2015 to 2017. We ran eight RF models for different input band combinations; multi-spectral reflectance, vegetation indices, co-(VV) and cross-(VH) polarised SAR intensity and Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) texture measures. Following a pixel-based image analysis, we evaluated accuracy metrics and uncertainty Shannon entropy. The model comprising co- and cross-polarised texture bands had the highest accuracy of 88.07<span class="thinspace"></span>% (95<span class="thinspace"></span>% CI: 85.52&ndash;90.31) and kappa of 85.37; and the low class uncertainty for perennial agroforests and transition forests. The optical image had low classification uncertainty for the entire image; but, it performed better in discriminating non-vegetated areas. The measured uncertainty provides reliable validation for comparing class discrimination from different image resolution. The GLCM texture measures that are crucial in delineating vegetation cover differed for the season and polarization of SAR image. Given the high accuracies of mapping, our approach has value for landscape monitoring; and, an improved valuation of agroforestry contribution to REDD+ strategies in the Congo basin sub-region.</p>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Saj, Stephane, Annemarijn Nijmeijer, Jean-Daniel Essobo Nieboukaho, Pierre-Eric Lauri, and Jean-Michel Harmand. "Litterfall seasonal dynamics and leaf-litter turnover in cocoa agroforests established on past forest lands or savannah." Agroforestry Systems 95, no. 4 (February 22, 2021): 583–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-021-00602-0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Araújo-Santos, Ilana, José Carlos Morante-Filho, Sérgio Oliveira, Júlia Perez Cabral, Larissa Rocha-Santos, Camila Righetto Cassano, Deborah Faria, and Maíra Benchimol. "Seed rain in cocoa agroforests is induced by effects of forest loss on frugivorous birds and management intensity." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 313 (June 2021): 107380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107380.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Sanderson, F. J., P. F. Donald, A. Schofield, P. Dauda, D. Bannah, A. Senesie, M. S. Konneh, T. W. Swinfield, and M. F. Hulme. "Forest-dependent bird communities of West African cocoa agroforests are influenced by landscape context and local habitat management." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 328 (April 2022): 107848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107848.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Pana, Kadanga, Tchabi Atti, Ablede Komlan Adigninou, Ametefe Komivi Exonam, and Kondow Moubarak. "Caractéristiques Agronomiques et Identification des Facteurs Déterminant la Faible Productivité des Agroforêts à Cacaoyers (Theobroma Cacao L.) au Togo." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 36 (November 30, 2022): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n36p224.

Full text

Abstract:

Les agroforêts à cacaoyers du Togo sont caractérisées par leur faible productivité. L’objectif de cette étude est d’identifier les caractéristiques agronomiques et les facteurs déterminant la faible productivité des cacaoyers. Une enquête a été menée auprès de 385 cacaoculteurs suivie d’une prospection réalisée dans 88 vergers de cacaoyers répartis en quatre tranches d’âge : les jeunes plantations entrant en production (5 à 10 ans), les cacaoyers adultes en pleine production (10 à 20 ans), les cacaoyers vieillissants dont la production est en déclin (21 à 30 ans) et les vieilles plantations (>30 ans). Les résultats ont montré que la tranche d’âge moyenne des vergers est comprise entre 10 et 20 ans. Ces vergers sont essentiellement installés sur les anciens champs de cacaoyers (42,6%) et sur précédent forestier (40,3%) avec du matériel végétal constitué en grande partie d’hybrides sélectionnés (82,9%). Les fréquences de désherbages, des traitements phytosanitaires (insecticides et fongicides) et d’applications de fumure (organique et minérale) sont inférieures aux normes recommandées par la recherche. Les rendements moyens sont faibles et sont compris entre 218,64 kg/ha dans les vieilles plantations (> 30 ans) et 450,77 kg/ha dans les plantations adultes en pleine production (10 à 20 ans). En ce qui concerne les différentes sous zones agroécologiques, les résultats ne révèlent aucune différence significative pour les rendements. Ces rendements varient de 305,76 kg/ha dans la sous zone de plateaux à 376,59 kg/ha dans la sous zone de Kloto-Litimé. Cette faible productivité est liée au faible niveau de gestion et d’entretien des vergers, aux caractéristiques des peuplements cacaoyers et des peuplements associés. Cocoa agroforests in Togo are characterized by their low productivity. The objective of this study is to identify the agronomic characteristics and factors determining the low productivity of cocoa trees. A survey was conducted among 385 cocoa farmers followed by a survey carried out in 88 cocoa orchards and four age groups were considered: young plantations entering production (5 to 10 years), adult cocoa trees in production (10 to 20 years), aging cocoa trees in production (21 to 30 years) and old plantations (>30 years). The results showed that the mean age group of orchards is 10 to 20 years old. These orchards are mainly installed on old cocoa fields (42.6%) and on previous forest (40,3%) with plant material consisting largely of selected hybrids (82,9%). The frequencies of weeding, phytosanitary treatments (insecticides and fungicides) and manure applications (organic and mineral) are below the standards recommended by research. Average yields are low and range between 218,64 kg/ha in old plantations (> 30 years) and 450,77 kg/ha in adult plantations in production (10 to 20 years). With regard to the different agro-ecological sub-zones, the results show that yields vary from 305,76 kg/ha in the plateau sub-zone to 376,59 kg/ha in the Kloto-Litimé sub-zone. This low productivity is linked to the low level of management and maintenance of orchards, to the characteristics of cocoa stands and associated stands.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Saj, Stephane, Annemarijn Nijmeijer, Jean-Daniel Essobo Nieboukaho, Pierre-Eric Lauri, and Jean-Michel Harmand. "Correction to: Litterfall seasonal dynamics and leaf-litter turnover in cocoa agroforests established on past forest lands or savannah." Agroforestry Systems 95, no. 4 (April 2021): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-021-00615-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Mbile, P., P. Ngaunkam, M. Besingi, C. Nfoumou, A. Degrande, A. Tsobeng, T. Sado, and T. Menimo. "Farmer management of cocoa agroforests in Cameroon: Impacts of decision scenarios on structure and biodiversity of indigenous tree species." Biodiversity 10, no. 4 (December 2009): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2009.9712857.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Folefack, Achille Jean Jaza. "DESCRIPTIVE AND LOGISTIC REGRESSION APPROACHES FOR ANALYZING THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF COCOA AGROFORESTS BY FARMERS IN THE CENTRE REGION OF CAMEROON." Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences 5, no. 53 (May 24, 2016): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2016-05.17.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Akoutou Mvondo, Etienne, Eunice Golda Danièle Ndo, Marie-Ange Ngo Bieng, Zachée Ambang, Bella Manga, Christian Cilas, Milie Lionnelle Tsouga Manga, and Lucien Bidzanga Nomo. "Assessment of the interaction between the spatial organization of citrus trees populations in cocoa agroforests and Phytophthora foot rot disease of citrus severity." Agroforestry Systems 93, no. 2 (October 27, 2017): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-017-0140-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Arhin, Albert A., Ernestina F. Antoh, Sampson Edusah, and Kwaku Obeng-Okrah. "Prospects of Agroforestry as Climate-smart Agricultural Strategy in Cocoa Landscapes: Perspectives of Farmers in Ghana." Sustainable Agriculture Research 10, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v10n1p20.

Full text

Abstract:

Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is increasingly being promoted by the international community to help farmers adapt to climate change and lift them out of poverty. An essential technique that is promoted under the climate- mitigating smart agriculture policy package to reduce forest loss is agroforestry—the planting of woody plants or trees into farming systems. Integrating agroforesty into cocoa landscapes, it is argued, create forest-like habitats which serves as faunal refuges, sequester carbon and therefore contribute to increasing agricultural productivity, resilience (adaptation) and removal of greenhouse gas emissions. This article uses a qualitative data collected from 100 households in seven communities around the Kakum National Park in the Twifo Hemang Lower Denkyira District in Ghana, where a climate-smart agriculture programme is being piloted. The study analysed the extent of willingness of farmers to participate in interventions that promote increased adoption of agroforestry in cocoa landscapes. The result shows that though farmers have favourable perception about the role of agroforestry on cocoa systems, and are willing to adopt the practice, this does not automatically translate into their willingness to participate in agroforestry program that was asking them to extend the number of trees currently maintained on their cocoa landscapes. The study further reveals that size of farms, the age and height of cocoa trees, extension support and the general ecology of the cocoa varieties as some of the reasons influencing whether the agroforestry practices promoted could be adopted or not.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Rajagukguk, Charles Parlindungan, Indra Gumay Febryano, and Susni Herwanti. "The Change of Plant Species Composition and Plant Pattern on Management of Damar Agroforestry." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 6, no. 3 (October 2, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl3618-27.

Full text

Abstract:

The changes in the composition of plant species and cropping patterns have occurred in the management of Damar agroforest in Desa Kesugihan, Lampung Selatan. There are some reasons that farmers consider to make decisions in choosing plant species and cropping patterns. This study aimed to identify the reasons of farmers in the decision making of plant species selection and cropping pattern on agroforestry management of damar. Primary data collection was conducted by using an in-depth interview method on seven key informants and participant observation. The collected data is qualitative data and analyzed descriptively based on the real-life choice theory by Gladwin. The results showed that there was a change of plant species composition and cropping pattern on resin agroforestry to become cocoa agroforestry. This is affected by income, production continuity, gestation period, ease of maintenance and harvest, local knowledge and tolerance of the main plant to be planted with another crop. The dominant crop pattern was a combination of cocoa as the main plant with cengkeh, petai, tangkil, and durian. Another crop pattern was a combination between resin as the main plant species with cengkeh, durian, coconut, and petai. Comprehension and contribution from related stakeholders in the development of community forestry are fully needed to support sustainable agroforestry management.Keywords: agroforestry of Damar, decision making, plant composition, plant species selection, cropping pattern

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Bomfim, Jamille de Assis, Roberta Mariano Silva, Virgínia de Fernandes Souza, Edyla Ribeiro de Andrade, and Eliana Cazetta. "Effects of shade cocoa plantation on artificial fruit consumption by birds in two contrasting landscapes in Southern Bahia, Brazil." Journal of Tropical Ecology 29, no. 4 (June 4, 2013): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467413000369.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract:To investigate the influence of forests and agroforestry systems on fruit consumption by birds, we studied two landscapes, one covered predominantly with forests and the other dominated by traditional shade cocoa plantations. In each landscape, we sampled three forest fragments and three shade cocoa plantations. We placed 15 artificial fruits in 25, 1–2-m-tall shrubs spaced every 50 m and evaluated the detection and consumption of fruits after 72 h. We used hemispherical photographs positioned above each fruit station to evaluate canopy openness. We found a statistically significant difference in fruit consumption between landscapes, which means that more fruits were detected and consumed in the forest-dominated landscape. However, forests and shade cocoa plantations within each landscape exhibited similar fruit consumption. Canopy openness was similar between the landscapes, however, the cocoa plantations exhibited greater canopy openness than forests. The results of this study reinforce the importance of the presence of forests in the agricultural landscape. Thus, to evaluate the capacity of agroforest to protect species and maintain ecological interactions it is also necessary to consider the landscape context.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Wahyuningsih, Sri, and Andjar Astuti. "Model Pengelolaan Agroforestri Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) terhadap Kontribusi Pendapatan Rumah Tangga (Suatu Kasus di Kecamatan Anyar Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten)." Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia 3, no. 2 (March 24, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jai.2015.3.2.113-134.

Full text

Abstract:

The research aims to analyze the management of cocoa agroforestry, labor allocation and household income of farmers in cocoa agroforestry management activities as well as the contribution of agroforestry to household income of cocoa farmers in the Anyar District Serang Regency Banten Province. The method used in this research is a survey using two stage cluster sampling method. Samples taken are as many as 60 farmer of 400 populations scattered from cocoa agroforestry farmers in the Anyar District Serang Regency Banten Province. The results showed that the management of cocoa agroforestry in the Anyar District during year 1 to year 7 consists of 5 stages, namely : land clearing, planting, maintenance, harvesting and post-harvest. Average allocation of labor in the cocoa agroforestry management activities in the Anyar District is at 440,18 HOK/Ha/Year with the following composition : 1,21 HOK/Ha/Year in the planting stage, 132,5 HOK/Ha/Year in the maintenance stage, 145,22 HOK/Ha/Year in the harvesting stage and 161,25 HOK/Ha/year in the post-harvest stage. Average household income of cocoa agroforestry farmers in the Anyar District is Rp. 84.451.377/Year which includes income from cocoa agroforestry is Rp. 26.880.210/Year by contributing to the household income of farmers by 31,83%/Year and income from non-cocoa agroforestry is Rp. 57.571.167/Year by contributing to the household income of farmers by 68,17%/Year.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Gusli, Sikstus, Sri Sumeni, Riyami Sabodin, Ikram Hadi Muqfi, Mustakim Nur, Kurniatun Hairiah, Daniel Useng, and Meine van Noordwijk. "Soil Organic Matter, Mitigation of and Adaptation to Climate Change in Cocoa–Based Agroforestry Systems." Land 9, no. 9 (September 14, 2020): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9090323.

Full text

Abstract:

Belowground roles of agroforestry in climate change mitigation (C storage) and adaptation (reduced vulnerability to drought) are less obvious than easy-to-measure aspects aboveground. Documentation on these roles is lacking. We quantified the organic C concentration (Corg) and soil physical properties in a mountainous landscape in Sulawesi (Indonesia) for five land cover types: secondary forest (SF), multistrata cocoa–based agroforestry (CAF) aged 4–5 years (CAF4), 10–12 years (CAF10), 17–34 years (CAF17), and multistrata (mixed fruit and timber) agroforest (MAF45) aged 45–68 years. With four replicate plots per cover type, we measured five pools of C-stock according to IPCC guidelines, soil bulk density (BD), macro porosity (MP), hydraulic conductivity (Ks), and available water capacity of the soil (AWC). The highest C-stock, in SF, was around 320 Mg ha−1, the lowest, 74 Mg ha−1, was in CAF4, with the older agroforestry systems being intermediate with 120 to 150 Mg ha−1. Soil compaction after forest conversion led to increased BD and reduced MP, Ks, and AWC. Older agroforestry partly recovered buffering: AWC per m of rooted soil profile increased by 5.7 mm per unit (g kg−1) increase of Corg. The restored AWC can support about a week’s worth of evapotranspiration without rain, assisting in climate change adaptation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Yamoah, Fred A., James S. Kaba, David Botchie, and Joseph Amankwah-Amoah. "Working towards Sustainable Innovation for Green Waste Benefits: The Role of Awareness of Consequences in the Adoption of Shaded Cocoa Agroforestry in Ghana." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 30, 2021): 1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031453.

Full text

Abstract:

Drawing on the awareness of consequence literature, this paper unpacks how the awareness of the consequences of full-sun cocoa production can encourage farmers to adopt shaded cocoa agroforestry that preserves the land and favours better cocoa farm waste management. Using Ghana as a case study, the paper provides distinctive insights on how shaded cocoa agroforestry systems provide sustainable yields in the medium- to long-term, relative to unshaded systems. We also find that cocoa farmers’ awareness of consequences about the effects of undertaking unshaded cocoa production could make individual farmers exhibit pro-environmental behaviour, leading to the adoption of cocoa agroforestry systems that help preserve soil fertility and improve waste management. We recommend that the utilization of awareness of consequence protocols, coupled with the efficient diffusion of information on the benefits of agroforestry in terms of waste management and environmental improvements to the cocoa farmers, could increase the adoption of shaded cocoa production regimes in Ghana.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Supriadi, H., D. Astutik, and I. Sobari. "The role of agroforestry based cocoa on climate change mitigation: A review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 974, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/974/1/012135.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The agroforestry approach is considered the best option for the development of cocoa cultivation in the future. It combined the forest trees as shade plants and cocoa as the main crop on the same land. The farmers are widely adopting agroforestry due to some benefits such as conserving soil water, nutrient, microorganism, and providing a suitable microclimate for cocoa. Here, we reviewed the current research reports on the role of agroforestry based on the perspective of climate change mitigation. It included the point (1) agroforestry based on cocoa could improve total biomass (above and below ground), CO2 absorption, and carbon deposit CO2, (2) carbon sequestration levels of cocoa depending on the forest trees species as shade and location.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Grant, Martin Kobby, Zhang Yifeng, Robert Brenya, Bright Obuobi, and Godfred Bempah Bempah. "Limitations of Sustainable Cocoa Agroforestry: A Literature Review." Journal of Agroforestry and Environment 15, no. 2 (December 8, 2022): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55706/jae1516.

Full text

Abstract:

Agroforestry is a climate-smart strategy adopted in cocoa farms to help cocoa crops adapt to climate change, maintain biodiversity, and improve cocoa yield. Meanwhile, its sustainability is of major concern to farmers. This study brings to the fore the common and persistent factors that pose a threat to the sustainability of cocoa agroforestry, presented through a systematic literature review approach, and further discussed using the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) model as the focal point. A number of serious limitations have been identified in the study as limiting the sustainability of cocoa agroforestry, including a lack of technical support for planting trees, an increase in pests and diseases, the intense competition for nutrients between shade trees and cocoa trees, weak land tenure policies, and numerous other factors. The eleven identified limitations were further categorized and analyzed under Environmental, Economic, and Social Limitations, and policy directions were drawn and discussed. Based on the findings of the study, Cocoa Agroforestry must not only support both cocoa production and forest conservation simultaneously but also satisfy all three Sustainable Development Goals. For Cocoa Agroforestry to become an agricultural practice that is sustainable, it must address the environmental limitations, economic limitations, and social limitations simultaneously.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!