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Academic literature on the topic 'Cockayne, Syndrome de – Aspect moléculaire'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cockayne, Syndrome de – Aspect moléculaire"
Fernández, Molina Cristina. "Mechanisms of precocious ageing in a human progeroid syndrome." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS282.pdf.
Full textDissecting the molecular defects in rare genetic disorders like Cockayne syndrome (CS), in which ageing is dramatically accelerated, is critical to develop treatments, which are missing to date, and elucidate dysfunctions that are possibly implicated in physiological ageing. CS also displays a large spectrum of clinical severity which does not rely on simple genotype/phenotype correlation. This project is based on a working model established in the lab that identified CS-specific depletion of the mitochondrial DNA polymerase POLG1 leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, as a possible cause of CS progeroid defects. POLG1 depletion required overexpression of the HTRA3 protease, which was trigged by increased oxidative/nitrosative stress. Scavenging both reactive species, rescued these defects and opened the path to a treatment for CS. This PhD work: i) Contributed to the discovery that the CS-defective pathway is recapitulated in replicative senescence of normal cells, a process linked to regular aging. ii) Identified the mechanism of HTRA3-dependent POLG1 degradation in CS and senescent cells with implications for POLG1 homeostasis in normal cells. iii) Developed multiple isogenic cellular models (skin fibroblasts, induced pluripotent stem cells and cerebral organoids) with CRISPR-Cas9 that are essential for mechanistic studies and to address genotype/phenotype correlations, in the absence of a reliable mouse model for CS. Taken together, these studies provide novel insights into the mechanisms leading to defects in progeroid CS and their links with physiological ageing. They also establish unique CS models for studying CS pathogenesis
Laugel, Vincent. "Etude clinique, cellulaire et moléculaire du syndrome de Cockayne." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR15786.
Full textCockayne syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CSA and CSB genes, and is characterized by growth failure, neurological involvement, sensorial impairment and cutaneous photosensitivity. Cells derived from Cockayne patients show a specific defect in a DNA repair pathway (“nucleotide excision repair”). We have conducted an exhaustive study of 39 patients. We have tested the validity of the classical diagnostic criteria and proposed modifications to improve their specificity. We have identified 31 novel mutations in CSB (in addition to the 26 mutations known to date) and 6 novel mutations in CSA (in addition to the 16 mutations known to date), and we discuss different hypotheses regarding genotype-phenotype correlations
Ducluzeau, Wibart Françoise. "Nævomatose baso-cellulaire multiple (ou syndrome de Gorlin) : mise au point d'un diagnostic par biologie moléculaire." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23096.
Full textBesnard, Thomas. "Syndrome de Usher : outils innovants pour une exploration moléculaire exhaustive." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON13512/document.
Full textUsher syndrome is a genetic disorder combining sensorineural hearing loss (HL) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Some patients will also exhibit vestibular areflexia (VA). Clinical and genetic heterogeneity is recognized as the 3 clinical subgroups, defined mainly on the degree of HL and VA, can be caused by mutations in one of the 10 known genes. It is important to use all accessible genetic tools to identify and characterize molecular origin in order to improve the knowledge of the physiopathological mechanisms causing Usher Syndrome.In this context, we have developed an exhaustive approach. In a first step, we have implemented the analysis and established the mutational spectrum of the 2 minor USH2 genes (GPR98 and DFNB31). In addition, we have developed several tools, in particular to study variants susceptible to alter splicing or lying in the promoter regions of the USH2 genes.Thanks to this work, the USH2 mutation detection rate has now been raised to 90%, similar to that of USH1.We have then designed a targeted exome of the Usher genes to be sequenced using the GS Junior system (Roche 454). The aim of the study was to test the feasibility of this new technics for a possible transfer to diagnostic facilities. Quality criteria and variant priorization were set up on a control cohort (previously studied in one of the USH gene). The study has then been extended on a patient cohort. Our results indicate that NGS Usher-exome can be used in molecular diagnostics but improvement of the reliability of the sequencing technology, bioinformatics tools and dedicated databases is essential
Murati, Anne. "Les protéines tyrosine kinases dans les syndromes myéloprolifératifs." Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX20686.
Full textChapalain-Politi, Valérie. "Le syndrome des cheveux anagènes caducs est-il une maladie des kératines ? : Etude clinique et moléculaire." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23028.
Full textDumanchin-Njock, Cécile. "Les Formes autosomiques dominantes de la maladie d'Alzheimer et des démences frontotemporales associées à un syndrome parkinsonien : analyse moléculaire et fonctionnelle des gènes PS1 et tau." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES063.
Full textAkintayo, Ayodélé. "Caractérisation de mutations ponctuelles dans les domaines KH de la protéine FMRP." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27110/27110.pdf.
Full textCécille, Agnès. "Etude moléculaire des exons 8 et 9 du gène WT1 dans le syndrome de Denys-Drash et les scléroses mésangiales isolées." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P074.
Full textAury-Landas, Juliette. "Déterminisme génétique du syndrome de Li-Fraumeni : impact des mutations du gène TP53 et contribution des variations du nombre de copies d'ADN." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUES003.
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