Journal articles on the topic 'Cochlear Implants'
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1
Maurer, Jan, Nicolaos Marangos, and E. Ziegler. "Reliability of cochlear implants." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 132, no. 5 (May 2005): 746–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2005.01.026.
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BACKGROUND: The long-term reliability of cochlear implants over time is an important issue for patients and cochlear implant teams. The calculation of cumulative survival rates including all hard failures of cochlear implants is suitable to report objectively about cochlear implant reliability. METHODS: This is a report of 192 cochlear implants from different manufacturers in adults (n = 58) and children (n = 134). RESULTS: The overall cumulative implant survival rate was 91.7% for a period of 11 years. The main reasons for hard failures were design errors of the products and direct or indirect trauma to the cochlea implant site (especially in children) with consecutive breaks of the implant body or electrodes. CONCLUSIONS: To improve our knowledge about reliability of cochlear implants more studies on cumulative long time survival of cochlear implants are needed, where functional failures and complications for whatever reason (design, mechanical, electronic, medical) are included. Cochlear implant reliability data should be considered during the choice of an implant for each individual patient. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2005;132:746-50.)
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Gul Arfa, Sadia Tahira, Muhammad Ahmed, Azzam Khan, and Tallat Anwar Faridi. "Cochlear Implantation and Assessment of Speech in Children." Lahore Garrison University Journal of Life Sciences 7, no. 01 (March 8, 2023): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgujls.2023.0701239.
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Cochlea is a hollow, spiral shaped bone in the inner ear that has sense of hearing and to produce sound. Cochlear problems, or its damage can result in loss of hearing. This study was designed to access intelligibility of speech in children with cochlear implants. A total of 30 subjects (7 to 42 months) from Fatima Memorial College of Medicine and Dentistry were considered which were implanted with cochlea from October 2012 to December 2012. A pre-designed questionnaire was used for the data collection in order to collect the views from the parents of children with cochlear implants regarding the intelligibility of conversational speech produced by their children. It was noticed a 26 (86.7%) of the 30 youngsters who had cochlear implants were able to understand what was being said by their speakers. Moreover, parents and other listeners try to understand the conversation that cochlear implant’s recipients make. It was concluded cochlear implants found useful and recommended for improving hearing of impaired individuals.
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Balkany, Thomas, Bruce Gantz, and Joseph B. Nadol. "Multichannel Cochlear Implants in Partially Ossified Cochleas." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 97, no. 5_suppl2 (September 1988): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00034894880975s201.
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Deposition of bone within the fluid spaces of the cochlea is encountered commonly in cochlear implant candidates and previously has been considered a relative contraindication to the use of multichannel intracochlear electrodes. This contraindication has been based on possible mechanical difficulty with electrode insertion as well as uncertainty about the potential benefit of the multichannel device in the patient. Fifteen profoundly deaf patients with partial ossification of the basal turn of the cochlea received implants with long intracochlear electrodes (11, Nucleus; 1, University of California at San Francisco/Storz; and 3, Symbion/Inneraid). In 11 cases, ossification had been predicted preoperatively by computed tomographic scan. Electrodes were completely inserted in 14 patients, and partial insertion was accomplished in one patient. All patients currently are using their devices and nine of 12 postlingually deaf patients have achieved some degree of open-set speech discrimination. This series demonstrates that in experienced hands, insertion of long multichannel electrodes into partially ossified cochleas is possible and that results are similar to those achieved in patients who have nonossified cochleas.
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Ajieren, Hans, Radu Reit, Roxanne Lee, Tiffany Pham, Dongmei Shao, Kenneth Lee, and Walter Voit. "Robotic Insertion Aid for Self-Coiling Cochlear Implants." MRS Advances 1, no. 1 (2016): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.71.
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ABSTRACTThis study investigates the use of shape memory polymers (SMPs) as a substrate for a self-coiling cochlear implant electrode array and investigates the self-coiling ability of a sham probe micromachined atop such a substrate. Through the use of a self-coiling cochlear implant, the capability to avoid contact with the tissue of the cochlear duct is investigated via the insertion of a dummy device into a model cochlea heated to an ambient 34 °C. Finally, a prototype straightening and insertion tool is developed for automated retraction and locking of the coiled shape into a bar geometry. Preliminary demonstration of the deployment of self-coiling cochlear implants is shown and paves the way for future studies focused on using histological analysis of the cochlear wall tissue to compare the degree of trauma resulting from linear cochlear implant arrays versus the self-coiling, non-contact probes demonstrated herein.
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Summers, K. F., N. R. Harn, L. N. Ledbetter, J. D. Leever, and J. R. Bertsch. "Imaging of Auditory Brain Stem Implants." Neurographics 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3174/ng.1900050.
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Auditory brain stem implants are infrequently encountered neuroprosthetic devices used for auditory rehabilitation in deaf patients with pathology between the cochlea and cochlear nuclei who would not benefit from cochlear implantation. This article reviews the device, the relevant anatomy, audiologic performance, operative approaches, and conditions in which auditory brain stem implants are indicated. The imaging appearance of auditory brain stem implants, including optimal lead positioning, and imaging safety considerations of the device are also discussed. Knowledge of the device can assist the radiologist in detecting postoperative complications and component malpositioning and in providing safe and effective imaging practices in patients with indwelling auditory brain stem implants.Learning Objective: To describe the auditory brain stem implant device, identify optimal lead positioning, and list indications for auditory brain stem implant placement.
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Langman, Alan W., and Suzanne M. Quigley. "Accuracy of High-Resolution Computed Tomography in Cochlear Implantation." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 114, no. 1 (January 1996): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989670281-4.
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Multichannel cochlear implants are a proven method for the auditory rehabilitation of individuals who have severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. These devices typically require insertion into the scala tympani of the cochlea to provide auditory stimulations. A patent scala provides the best chance for an adequate insertion of the electrode array. Preoperative high-resolution computed tomography imaging has traditionally been used to determine the patency of the scala tympani. Its ability to accurately predict the patency of the cochlea has been questioned in several retrospective studies. A prospective study was undertaken in 28 consecutive individuals undergoing cochlear implant surgery to compare the findings on high-resolution computed tomography with the surgical findings in an attempt to determine high-resolution computed tomography's accuracy. Cochlear obstruction caused by ossification was accurately predicted in six of six individuals but overestimated in the round window region in three individuals. High-resolution computed tomography accurately predicted patent cochleas in 19 individuals. No false-negative results were encountered. In this study sensitivity of high-resolution computed tomography was 100%, and specificity was 86%. High-resolution computed tomography appears to be more helpful than previously reported for determining cochlear patency.
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Wener, Emily, Lindsay Booth, Hailey Bensky, Veeral Desai, Jaina Negandhi, Sharon L. Cushing, Blake C. Papsin, and Karen A. Gordon. "Exposure to Spoken Communication During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Children With Cochlear Implants." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 10 (October 27, 2023): e2339042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39042.
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ImportanceSchool closures and other COVID-19–related restrictions could decrease children’s exposure to speech during important stages of development.ObjectiveTo assess whether significant decreases in exposure to spoken communication found during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic among children using cochlear implants are confirmed for a larger cohort of children and were sustained over the first years of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used datalogs collected from children with cochlear implants during clinical visits to a tertiary pediatric hospital in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from January 1, 2018, to November 11, 2021. Children with severe to profound hearing loss using cochlear implants were studied because their devices monitored and cataloged levels and types of sounds during hourly use per day (datalogs) and because their hearing and spoken language development was particularly vulnerable to reduced sound exposure. Statistical analyses were conducted between January 2022 and August 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDaily hours of sound were captured by the cochlear implant datalogging system and categorized into 6 auditory scene categories, including speech and speech-in-noise. Time exposed to speech was calculated as the sum of daily hours in speech and daily hours in speech-in-noise. Residual hearing in the ear without an implant of children with unilateral cochlear implants was measured by pure tone audiometry. Mixed-model regression analyses revealed main effects with post hoc adjustment of 95% CIs using the Satterthwaite method.ResultsDatalogs (n = 2746) from 262 children (137 with simultaneous bilateral cochlear implants [74 boys (54.0%); mean (SD) age, 5.8 (3.5 years)], 38 with sequential bilateral cochlear implants [24 boys (63.2%); mean (SD) age, 9.1 (4.2) years], and 87 with unilateral cochlear implants [40 boys (46.0%); mean (SD) age, 7.9 (4.6) years]) who were preschool aged (n = 103) and school aged (n = 159) before the COVID-19 pandemic were included in analyses. There was a slight increase in use among preschool-aged bilateral cochlear implant users through the pandemic (early pandemic, 1.4 h/d [95% CI, 0.3-2.5 h/d]; late pandemic, 2.3 h/d [95% CI, 0.6-4.0 h/d]) and little change in use among school-aged bilateral cochlear implant users (early pandemic, −0.6 h/d [95% CI, −1.1 to −0.05 h/d]; late pandemic, −0.3 h/d [95% CI, −0.9 to 0.4 h/d]). However, use decreased during the late pandemic period among school-aged children with unilateral cochlear implants (−1.8 h/d [95% CI,−3.0 to −0.6 h/d]), particularly among children with good residual hearing in the ear without an implant. Prior to the pandemic, children were exposed to speech for approximately 50% of the time they used their cochlear implants (preschool-aged children: bilateral cochlear implants, 46.6% [95% CI, 46.5%-47.2%] and unilateral cochlear implants, 52.1% [95% CI, 50.7%-53.5%]; school-aged children: bilateral cochlear implants, 47.6% [95% CI, 46.8%-48.4%] and unilateral cochlear implants, 51.0% [95% CI, 49.4%-52.6%]). School-aged children in both groups experienced significantly decreased speech exposure in the early pandemic period (bilateral cochlear implants, −12.1% [−14.6% to −9.4%]; unilateral cochlear implants, −15.5% [−20.4% to −10.7%]) and late pandemic periods (bilateral cochlear implants, −5.3% [−8.0% to −2.6%]; unilateral cochlear implants, −11.2% [−15.3% to −7.1%]) compared with the prepandemic baseline.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study using datalogs from children using cochlear implants suggests that a sustained reduction in children’s access to spoken communication was found during more than 2 years of COVID-19 pandemic-related lockdowns and school closures.
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Almeida, Renata Paula de, Carla Gentile Matas, Maria Inês Vieira Couto, and Ana Claudia Martinho de Carvalho. "Quality of life evaluation in children with cochlear implants." CoDAS 27, no. 1 (February 2015): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20152014129.
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the quality of life of children with cochlear implants from the perspective of their parents. METHODS: A clinical and cross-sectional study was conducted with 15 parents of children using cochlear implants of both genders aged between 2 and 12 years old. Parents of these children answered the questionnaire "Children with Cochlear Implants: Parental Perspective" (CCIPP). Data related to auditory category and time of cochlear implants use were collected from medical records of the children. The percentages of responses on the CCIPP domains were tabulated and descriptively and inferentially analyzed. RESULTS: The cochlear implants had a positive effect on the quality of life of children in the self-reliance (58.9%) and social relationships (56.7%) domains. No correlation was observed between the time of cochlear implants activation (months) and any of the CCIPP domains. However, children with 24 months or less of cochlear implant use presented higher percentages on the communication domain than those with more than 24 months of cochlear implants use. A negative correlation was observed between the auditory category and the effects of the implant domain. CONCLUSION: From the perspective of parents, the use of cochlear implants improves the quality of life of their children; the shorter the time of cochlear implants use, the higher the improvement in quality of life; and the more developed the auditory skills, the lower the percentage of quality of life improvement with the cochlear implants.
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Graham, John M., Peter D. Phelps, and Leslie Michaels. "Congenital malformations of the ear and cochlear implantation in children: review and temporal bone report of common cavity." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 114, S25 (March 2000): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215001904842.
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The objective of this review is to analyze aspects of congenital malformation of the ear in relation to cochlear implantation in children. Having briefly described the in utero development of the ear and the classification of types of external, middle and inner ear malformation, five practical aspects of these malformations are discussed. It seems likely that the combination of bilateral profound sensorineural deafness with bilateral microtia severe enough to make a surgical approach to the cochlea difficult will be extremely uncommon. No such cases have been reported, although Klippel-Feil deformity seems the syndrome most likely to produce this set of circumstances.Abnormalities in the intratympanic course of the facial nerve have been associated with cochlear malformation, emphasizing the benefit of intra-operative facial nerve monitoring, and a technique suggested for safely avoiding an abnormally placed nerve. Fistulae of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and perilymph can complicate surgery and are relatively common in common cavity and Mondini malformations. Strategies for facilitating surgery in the presence of ‘gushers’, for measuring the pressure of a gusher and for placement of the cochlear implant electrode array are reviewed, with reports of fluctuating levels of electric current when implants lie in dysplastic cochleas.The relationship of implant performance to VIIIth nerve tissue in malformed cochleas is discussed, with a description of the histological findings in a common cavity cochlea. Techniques for identifying the absence of the cochlear nerve are reviewed. Stimulation of the facial nerve by cochlear implants has been described in cases of congenital malformation of the labyrinth but is relatively uncommon. Case reports of the benefit received by implanted children with congenital cochlear malformation have appeared since 1988. Most cases reported have not yet been followed for long enough to establish a clear picture of the outcome following cochlear implantationin such children; no centre has yet built up a large series of cases, but there have been two multicentre postal surveys. It seems likely that in cochlear malformation the range of potential outcomes in terms of hearing threshold and the development of speech perception and production will be similar to the range found in implanted children without cochlear dysplasia. However there is, as yet, no clear picture of the mean level of performance within this range.
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Ishaq, Muhammad, Muhammad Hammad Afzal, and Kifayat Ullah. "Engineering Challenges in the Design of Cochlear Implants." Pakistan Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51846/vol4iss2pp120-124.
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Hearing aids such as cochlear implants have been used for a long by both adults and children. In addition, cochlear implants are used by patients who have severe hearing loss either by birth or after an accident. This paper aims to investigate the engineering challenges bounding the design of cochlear implants and present its possible solution to improve the design of implants. First, a detailed introduction of considered implants is given, followed by aspiration and advantages. Numerous engineering challenges in cochlear implants must be addressed, such as selecting and installing electrodes array inside the cochlea, dealing with the problems that occur during speech processing, noise reduction, etc.
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Islam, Rumana, and Mohammed Tarique. "Investigating the Performance of Gammatone Filters and Their Applicability to Design Cochlear Implant Processing System." Designs 8, no. 1 (February 2, 2024): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs8010016.
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Commercially available cochlear implants are designed to aid profoundly deaf people in understanding speech and environmental sounds. A typical cochlear implant uses a bank of bandpass filters to decompose an audio signal into a set of dynamic signals. These filters’ critical center frequencies imitate the human cochlea’s vibration patterns caused by audio signals. Gammatone filters (GTFs), with two unique characteristics: (a) an appropriate “pseudo resonant” frequency transfer function, mimicking the human cochlea, and (b) realizing efficient hardware implementation, could demonstrate them as unique candidates for cochlear implant design. Although GTFs have recently attracted considerable attention from researchers, a comprehensive exposition of GTFs is still absent in the literature. This paper starts by enumerating the impulse response of GTFs. Then, the magnitude spectrum, , and bandwidth, more specifically, the equivalent rectangular bandwidth (ERB) of GTFs, are derived. The simulation results suggested that optimally chosen filter parameters, e.g., critical center frequencies,; temporal decay parameter, ; and order of the filter, , can minimize the interference of the filter bank frequencies and very likely model the filter bandwidth (ERB), independent of . Finally, these optimized filters are applied to delineate a filter bank for a cochlear implant design based on the Clarion processor model.
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Neria, Christy M. "Where Are the Voices of Adolescents? An Examination of Adolescent Cochlear Implant Users' Socio-Emotional Development." Perspectives on School-Based Issues 10, no. 4 (December 2009): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/sbi10.4.123.
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Abstract The advancement of cochlear implant technology has led researchers to focus on its functionality, rather than the socio-emotional effects cochlear implants may have on young recipients. This paper will examine recent research on social-emotional development of cochlear implant recipients while discussing the importance of exploring the social emotional responses of adolescents with cochlear implants.
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Swain, Santosh Kumar. "Cochlear deformities and its implication in cochlear implantation: a review." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 10, no. 10 (September 27, 2022): 2339. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20222547.
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Hearing loss is one of the world’s leading causes of chronic health conditions. Cochlea plays a vital role in the hearing mechanisms and it converts sound energy into electrical stimuli which are transmitted to the brain through the neural pathway. The human cochlea is difficult to explore because of its vulnerability and bordering bony capsule. Congenital malformation of the inner ear or cochlea is an important cause of congenital sensorineural hearing loss. The deformity of the cochlea may result from arrested development of cochlea at different stages of fetal life or from abnormal development due to genetic abnormalities. There are hair cells responsible for converting sound energy into electrical impulses. These hair cells are easily damaged, which results in permanent hearing loss. Cochlear implants are surgically implantable biomedical devices that bypass the sensory hair cells and directly stimulate the remaining fibers of the auditory nerve with an electric current. Cochlear implantation is capable of restoring a surprisingly large degree of auditory perception to patient that is suffering from severe to profoundly deaf. Children with cochlear anomalies are thought to have poorer outcomes with cochlear implantations, therefore would be poorer candidates due to their diminished ability to interpolate and use auditory information provided through a cochlear implant. Parents should be counselled to establish realistic post-implant expectations in case of children with cochlear deformity. So, patient selection has emerged as one of the most vital determinants of successful outcomes after pediatric cochlear implantation.
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Gray, R. F., R. A. Evans, C. E. L. Freer, H. E. Szutowicz, and G. F. Maskell. "Radiology for cochlear implants." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 105, no. 2 (February 1991): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100115026.
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AbstractOne fifth of patients selected for cochlear implants have such bony irregularities in the cochlear duct that full insertion of a multichannel electrode array is impossible. Three cases of cochlear deafness are presented where pre- and post-operative radiology played an important part in the management.Standard CT at 2 mm cuts is compared with ultra high resolution CT at 1 mm cuts. The pitfall of poor definition is that the inexperienced surgeon may find himself unexpectedly drilling out an obliterated cochlear duct. Sections 30 degrees caudal to Reid's infra orbito-meatal base line at 1 mm intervals give maximum information for minimum radiation.Plain films show the placement of individual platinum electrode contacts in relation to the spiral ‘frequency map’ of the cochlea. This is vital information for the audiologist who has to route specific frequencies to specific sites within the ear for a good hearing result.
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Phelps, P. D. "Cochlear implants for congenital deformities." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 106, no. 11 (November 1992): 967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100121486.
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AbstractThere have been few accounts of multi-channel cochlear implants in patients with congenital structural deformities of the inner ear which are associated with severe and sometimes progressive deafness. These malformations can now be recognized easily on 2 plane thin section high resolution CT studies which are mandatory for the pre-implantation assessment. However, no attempt seems to have been made to describe which of these malformations would be suitable for an implant or for which would this procedure be contra-indicated. True Mondini deformity of both the cochlea and dilated vestibular aqueduct type would appear suitable for a multi channel implant, but this type of implant should not be used for a primitive otocyst, severe labyrinthine dysplasia or the characteristic X-linked deformity.
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Jackler, Robert K., Patricia A. Leake, and William S. McKerrow. "Cochlear Implant Revision: Effects of Reimplantation on the Cochlea." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 98, no. 10 (October 1989): 813–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948909801012.
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The removal of an indwelling cochlear implant electrode followed by reinsertion of a new device has been a maneuver of uncertain cosequences to the cochlea and its surviving neural population. The present study was conducted in an attempt to elucidate the factors at determine whether a reimplantation procedure will be successful. Cochlear implantation followed by explanation and subsequent implantation was performed in eight adult cats. Evaluation of cochlear histopathology suggested a significant increase in electrode insertion trauma when there was proliferation of granulation tissue in the round window area and scala tympani. In other cases, atraumatic insertion was achieved without apparent injury to the cochlea. The results of a survey of cochlear implant manufacturers and surgeons indicate that electrode replacement can usually be accomplished without adverse effects. Difficulties have been encountered, however, in moving implants with protuberant electrodes and when reimplantation was attempted on a delayed basis following explanation.
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Noda, T., Y. Kakazu, and S. Komune. "Cochlear implants for mumps deafness: two paediatric cases." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 129, S2 (February 23, 2015): S38—S41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215114002369.
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AbstractBackground:Good outcomes have been reported regarding the use of cochlear implants for mumps deafness. The mumps virus induces meningitis and/or encephalitis, which can cause central nervous system damage resulting in retrolabyrinthine hearing loss, for which a cochlear implant would be less effective.Cases:We installed a cochlear implant in two patients with bilateral mumps deafness; one achieved a good result with the cochlear implant, but the other did not. We discuss two possible reasons for the different outcomes. Case 1 was a three-year-old girl with bilateral parotid swelling, vomiting and walking disorder. One year after cochlear implant insertion, speech perception did not develop despite of good pure tone thresholds. Case 2 was an eight-year-old girl with bilateral parotid swelling. A cochlear implant enabled her to improve hearing perception.Conclusion:Although cochlear implants have been reported to be helpful for mumps deafness, cases that involve central nervous system damage may not achieve good results.
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Lobdell, Anne M., Joseph E. Dansie, and Sarah Hargus Ferguson. "Building a Cochlear Implant Practice: Five Lessons Learned." Perspectives on Aural Rehabilitation and Its Instrumentation 20, no. 1 (January 2013): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/arii20.1.14.
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Cochlear implants are becoming available to an increasing proportion of the deaf and hard-of-hearing population. As interest in and success with cochlear implants has grown, more and more private practice clinics are incorporating them into their scopes of practice. Over the past 2 years, the first 2 authors of this article have been heavily involved in developing cochlear implant programs in separate otolaryngology private practices. A recent conversation about this process revealed several common experiences and lessons learned. During these same 2 years, the third author began teaching the cochlear implant course at the University of Utah. Although her audiology and speech science background gave her extensive knowledge of the science behind cochlear implants, she had no clinical experience with them. The first author took this course the first time the third author taught it, and the experiences and insights she shared with the third author during and since the course have been an important component of the third author’s personal education in the clinical aspects of cochlear implants. In this article, the first 2 authors share 5 things we wish we had known when first beginning their work with cochlear implants.
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Kompis, Martin, Dominique Vibert, Mattheus W. Vischer, Pascal Senn, and Rudolf Häusler. "Scuba Diving with Cochlear Implants." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 112, no. 5 (May 2003): 425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940311200507.
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We report on a patient with bilateral cochlear implants (a Med-El Combi40 and a Med-El Combi40+), as well as considerable experience in scuba diving with both of his implants. After having been exposed to 68 and 89 dives, respectively, in depths of up to 43 m, both cochlear implants are in working order and the patient continues to receive excellent speech recognition scores with both cochlear implant systems. The presented data show that scuba diving after cochlear implantation is possible over a considerable number of dives without any major negative impact on the implants.
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Ray, Christin, Erin Taylor, Kara J. Vasil, Lindsay Zombek, Jodi H. Baxter, and Aaron C. Moberly. "The Value of Speech-Language Pathologists in Auditory Rehabilitation for Adults With Cochlear Implants." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 30, no. 4 (July 14, 2021): 1909–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_ajslp-20-00189.
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Background Standards for auditory rehabilitation are currently lacking for adults who receive cochlear implants. Speech recognition outcomes are highly variable, and many adults with cochlear implants present with suboptimal performance. Functional real-life communication abilities are not routinely measured clinically and are not strongly linked to performance on traditional measures of speech recognition. In fact, even individuals with relatively good speech recognition outcomes often present with persistent communication difficulties. In contrast to pediatric cochlear implant users, speech-language pathologists are not routinely involved in the rehabilitation of adults who receive cochlear implants. Purpose The purpose of this article is to describe the value of including a speech-language pathologist in a comprehensive approach to auditory rehabilitation for adults with cochlear implants. Method The theoretical and clinical foundations of incorporating a speech-language pathologist into an adult auditory rehabilitation program are discussed. A description of the skills and potential roles of the speech-language pathologist for providing adult cochlear implant rehabilitation services is presented, along with potential barriers to implementation. Conclusion Person-centered management of postlingually deafened adults with cochlear implants can be augmented by a more complete approach utilizing the skill set of a speech-language pathologist. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14669652
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Chin, Steven B., Patrick L. Tsai, and Sujuan Gao. "Connected Speech Intelligibility of Children With Cochlear Implants and Children With Normal Hearing." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 12, no. 4 (November 2003): 440–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2003/090).
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The objective of this study was to compare the connected speech intelligibility of children who use cochlear implants with that of children who have normal hearing. Previous research has shown that speech intelligibility improves from before cochlear implantation to after implantation and that the speech intelligibility of children who use cochlear implants compares favorably with that of children who use conventional hearing aids. However, no research has yet addressed the question of how the speech intelligibility of children who use cochlear implants compares to that of children with normal hearing. In the current study, archival data on connected speech intelligibility from 51 children with cochlear implants were compared with newly collected data from 47 children with normal hearing. Results showed that for children with cochlear implants, greater intelligibility was associated with both increased chronological age and increased duration of cochlear implant use. Consistent with previous studies, children with normal hearing achieved adult-like or near-adult-like intelligibility around the age of 4 years, but a similar peak in intelligibility was not observed for the children who used cochlear implants. On the whole, children with cochlear implants were significantly less intelligible than children with normal hearing, when controlling both for chronological age and for length of auditory experience. These results have implications for the socialization and education of children with cochlear implants, particularly with respect to on-time placement in mainstream educational environments with age peers.
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Wang, Yingying, Fatima Sibaii, Kejin Lee, Makayla J. Gill, and Jonathan L. Hatch. "Meta-Analytic Findings on Reading in Children With Cochlear Implants." Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 26, no. 3 (May 17, 2021): 336–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enab010.
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Abstract This meta-analysis study aims to quantify the group differences in reading skills between children with cochlear implants and their hearing peers and between children with cochlear implants and children with hearing aids (aged between 3 and 18 years old). Of the 5,642 articles screened, 47 articles met predetermined inclusion criteria (published between 2002 and 2019). The robust variance estimation based meta-analysis models were used to synthesize all the effect sizes. Children with cochlear implants scored significantly lower than their hearing peers in phonological awareness (g = −1.62, p < 0.001), vocabulary (g = −1.50, p < 0.001), decoding (g = −1.24, p < 0.001), and reading comprehension (g = −1.39, p < 0.001), but not for fluency (g = −0.67, p = 0.054). Compared to children with hearing aids, children with cochlear implants scored significantly lower in phonological awareness (g = −0.30, p = 0.028). The percentage of unilateral cochlear implant negatively impacts the group difference between children with cochlear implants and their hearing peers. Findings from this study confirm a positive shift in reading outcomes for profoundly deaf children due to cochlear implantation. Some children with cochlear implants may need additional supports in educational settings.
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Gordon, Karen A. "Perception of emotional music by children with cochlear implants reveals developmental plasticity." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (March 1, 2023): A286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018865.
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Cochlear implants provide poor access to the frequency components needed to accurately identify emotional music and speech. Nonetheless, a series of studies revealed that children with cochlear implants develop unique strategies to identify emotion in music. Although musical changes were difficult for them to detect, children with cochlear implants responded most accurately to rhythmic changes and also relied mainly on temporal information to judge whether music was happy or sad. By contrast, mode (frequency) information dominated perception of musical emotion in typically developing children and was used more clearly by bimodal device users (cochlear implant in one ear with acoustic hearing in the other) than children with bilateral deafness using unilateral or bilateral cochlear implants. Mode became the more dominant cue with increasing residual hearing in the non-implanted ear. Children with unilateral cochlear implants showed prolonged response times relative to a control group of normal hearing peers while judging whether music was happy or sad. Response times in children with bimodal devices and bilateral cochlear implants were more similar to controls. Together, these results demonstrate development of novel strategies for music listening and perception of emotion in music based on available cues in children with cochlear implants and suggest that these strategies require cognitive resource.
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Venail, Frederic, Thibault Mura, Mohamed Akkari, Caroline Mathiolon, Sophie Menjot de Champfleur, Jean Pierre Piron, Marielle Sicard, Françoise Sterkers-Artieres, Michel Mondain, and Alain Uziel. "Modeling of Auditory Neuron Response Thresholds with Cochlear Implants." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/394687.
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The quality of the prosthetic-neural interface is a critical point for cochlear implant efficiency. It depends not only on technical and anatomical factors such as electrode position into the cochlea (depth and scalar placement), electrode impedance, and distance between the electrode and the stimulated auditory neurons, but also on the number of functional auditory neurons. The efficiency of electrical stimulation can be assessed by the measurement of e-CAP in cochlear implant users. In the present study, we modeled the activation of auditory neurons in cochlear implant recipients (nucleus device). The electrical response, measured using auto-NRT (neural responses telemetry) algorithm, has been analyzed using multivariate regression with cubic splines in order to take into account the variations of insertion depth of electrodes amongst subjects as well as the other technical and anatomical factors listed above. NRT thresholds depend on the electrode squared impedance (β= −0.11 ± 0.02,P<0.01), the scalar placement of the electrodes (β= −8.50 ± 1.97,P<0.01), and the depth of insertion calculated as the characteristic frequency of auditory neurons (CNF). Distribution of NRT residues according to CNF could provide a proxy of auditory neurons functioning in implanted cochleas.
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Wu, Jiaojiao, and Yuhan Xie. "THE EARLY INTERVENTION TENDENCY OF CHINESE CHILDREN WITH COCHLEAR IMPLANTS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 26, 2016): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2016vol3.1430.
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From the change of adult unilateral cochlear implantation into young children even under the age of six implant cochlear, sequential bilateral cochlear implantation, which benefit by early hearing screening and technological development of cochlear implants. It is a worldwide trend that simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation for hearing impaired children under the age of three. Cochlear implants bring changes of education opportunities and choices for children with hearing impairment. Family-centered postoperative early intervention is important, at the same time, hearing impaired children group characteristics tend to be diversified. A growing number of children with cochlear implants study in regular school, consequently, the number of deaf student is decreasing in deaf school. Regular school faces the challenge of lacking of professional teaching staff.
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Discolo, Christopher M., and Keiko Hirose. "Pediatric Cochlear Implants." American Journal of Audiology 11, no. 2 (December 2002): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1059-0889(2002/021).
Full textAbstract:
Cochlear implants are a safe and effective treatment for children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. As implant technology continues to improve and outcomes are analyzed, younger and younger children are being deemed candidates for implantation. The decision to operate is made after a thorough evaluation by a multidisciplinary team. This review will highlight the preoperative and postoperative issues related to pediatric cochlear implantation.
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Bradham, Tamala S., Geneine Snell, and David Haynes. "Current Practices in Pediatric Cochlear Implantation." Perspectives on Hearing and Hearing Disorders in Childhood 19, no. 1 (March 2009): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/hhdc19.1.32.
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Abstract Technological advances, specifically cochlear implants, have significantly impacted the treatment of children with severe to profound hearing loss. There are, however, very few professional guidelines or resources providing direction for hearing healthcare providers who are serving children with cochlear implants. The following article discusses a comprehensive management protocol for interdisciplinary teams providing cochlear implant services for children.
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Ertmer, David J. "Challenges in Optimizing Oral Communication in Children With Cochlear Implants." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 33, no. 3 (July 2002): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461(2002/012).
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As the number of children with cochlear implants increases, more speech and hearing professionals will be called on to take leadership roles in developing specialized intervention and educational programs. Because of their graduate-level training in speech, language, and hearing disorders, speech-language pathologists and audiologists will increasingly find themselves viewed as "local experts" on cochlear implant issues. The articles in this forum support that role by addressing topics that are critical for serving children who have cochlear implants. Although cochlear implant technology clearly has impressive potential for improving the lives of deaf children, the actualization of those improvements requires informed and concerted effort from highly skilled professionals. It is hoped that the information in this clinical forum will enable readers to expand their knowledge base and clinical skills to meet the challenges of serving children who have cochlear implants.
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Kameswaran, Mohan, and S. Raghunandhan. "Auditory Brainstem Implants." An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics 2, no. 2 (2010): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1029.
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Abstract Auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) are currently indicated for patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2) tumors involving both vestibulocochlear nerves. The ABI helps bypass the damaged cochlear nerves and stimulates the cochlear nucleus in the brainstem directly thereby restoring auditory sensation. The implant is usually placed in the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle after tumor resection. The indications for ABI have recently expanded onto even nontumoral cases, such as congenital bilateral cochlear nerve aplasia. In such cases, the ABI helps bypass the nonfunctioning hypoplastic or absent cochlear nerves and stimulates the cochlear nucleus directly thereby restoring auditory sensation. This article reviews the nuances of this sophisticated implant, shares our experience with auditory brainstem implantation and its current status in world literature.
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Tyler, Richard S., and Mary W. Lowder. "Audiological Management and Performance of Adult Cochlear-Implant Patients." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 71, no. 3 (March 1992): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556139207100302.
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We review the signal-processing strategies of three of the most common cochlear implants in use today, the single-channel House, the multichannel Nucleus, and the Ineraid devices. The results of 65 postlinguistically-deafened patients tested at The University of Iowa are reviewed. The tests include everyday sound, accent, word and sentence recognition, as well as noise/voice differentiation. For all tests, patients with the Nucleus and Ineraid cochlear implants outperformed those with the House implant. In general, selection criteria should focus on comparing the performance of Patients who have already received an implant. Prelinguistically-deafened adults are typically not good cochlear-impact candidates. Cochlear-implant teams should be aware of the enormous time commitment for testing and rehabilitation of these patients, and be prepared to handle frequent implant breakdowns. Nevertheless, cochlear-implant patients have been helped significantly be these devices.
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King, Jack. "Objective Measures and Programming Cochlear Implants." Perspectives on Hearing and Hearing Disorders in Childhood 19, no. 2 (September 2009): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/hhdc19.2.54.
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Abstract Advances in cochlear implant technology have allowed for amazing outcomes for children with severe to profound hearing loss. As result, cochlear implants are now provided for some children prior to their first birthday and are also provided to children with multiple disabilities. Frequently, it is difficult to use conventional behavioral measures to set cochlear implant MAPs for these patients, so clinicians have often relied on objective measures as a guide to determining appropriate MAP levels. The following discussion reviews the advantages and limitations of using objective measures to administer audiological management for the pediatric cochlear implant patient.
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Souza, Pamela. "Compression: From Cochlea to Cochlear Implants." Ear and Hearing 25, no. 5 (October 2004): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003446-200410000-00012.
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Keppeler, Daniel, Christoph A. Kampshoff, Anupriya Thirumalai, Carlos J. Duque-Afonso, Jannis J. Schaeper, Tabea Quilitz, Mareike Töpperwien, et al. "Multiscale photonic imaging of the native and implanted cochlea." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 18 (April 26, 2021): e2014472118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014472118.
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The cochlea of our auditory system is an intricate structure deeply embedded in the temporal bone. Compared with other sensory organs such as the eye, the cochlea has remained poorly accessible for investigation, for example, by imaging. This limitation also concerns the further development of technology for restoring hearing in the case of cochlear dysfunction, which requires quantitative information on spatial dimensions and the sensorineural status of the cochlea. Here, we employed X-ray phase-contrast tomography and light-sheet fluorescence microscopy and their combination for multiscale and multimodal imaging of cochlear morphology in species that serve as established animal models for auditory research. We provide a systematic reference for morphological parameters relevant for cochlear implant development for rodent and nonhuman primate models. We simulate the spread of light from the emitters of the optical implants within the reconstructed nonhuman primate cochlea, which indicates a spatially narrow optogenetic excitation of spiral ganglion neurons.
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Kirtane, MV, Gauri Mankekar, Nishita Mohandas, and Rajesh Patadia. "Cochlear Implants." An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics 2, no. 2 (2010): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1026.
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Abstract The treatment of bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss has been revolutionized over the past few decades by the development of cochlear implant technology. This review discusses the history, working of a cochlear implant, candidacy criteria for cochlear implant, surgical procedure and postoperative therapy.
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Leigh, Jaime, Gary Rance, Shani Dettman, and Richard Dowell. "Cochlear Implant Outcomes for Children With Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder." Perspectives on Hearing and Hearing Disorders in Childhood 19, no. 2 (September 2009): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/hhdc19.2.75.
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Abstract Cochlear implantation is currently the intervention option of choice for many children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) who are unable to obtain benefit from conventional amplification. The aim of this study was to review the speech perception and language outcomes for children with ANSD who had received a cochlear implant and highlight specific clinical considerations for working with this population of children with hearing impairment who are being considered for implantation. Finds for the group of 17 children with ANSD using cochlear implants were compared to previously reported outcomes for children with sensori-neural (SN) type hearing loss using cochlear implants. Two children, identified with cochlear nerve deficiency pre-operatively, received no useful auditory percepts from their cochlear implant and discontinued device use. The remaining children demonstrated speech perception and language outcomes comparable to those observed for SN hearing loss peers using cochlear implants. This paper highlights a number of considerations for clinicians to be aware of and the importance of careful counseling pre-operatively regarding the potential for less-than-optimal outcomes, particularly for those children identified with cochlear nerve deficiency.
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Boutros, Peter J., Nicolas S. Valentin, Kristin N. Hageman, Chenkai Dai, Dale Roberts, and Charles C. Della Santina. "Nonhuman primate vestibuloocular reflex responses to prosthetic vestibular stimulation are robust to pulse timing errors caused by temporal discretization." Journal of Neurophysiology 121, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 2256–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00887.2018.
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Electrical stimulation of vestibular afferent neurons to partially restore semicircular canal sensation of head rotation and the stabilizing reflexes that sensation supports has potential to effectively treat individuals disabled by bilateral vestibular hypofunction. Ideally, a vestibular implant system using this approach would be integrated with a cochlear implant, which would provide clinicians with a means to simultaneously treat loss of both vestibular and auditory sensation. Despite obvious similarities, merging these technologies poses several challenges, including stimulus pulse timing errors that arise when a system must implement a pulse frequency modulation-encoding scheme (as is used in vestibular implants to mimic normal vestibular nerve encoding of head movement) within fixed-rate continuous interleaved sampling (CIS) strategies used in cochlear implants. Pulse timing errors caused by temporal discretization inherent to CIS create stair step discontinuities of the vestibular implant’s smooth mapping of head velocity to stimulus pulse frequency. In this study, we assayed electrically evoked vestibuloocular reflex responses in two rhesus macaques using both a smooth pulse frequency modulation map and a discretized map corrupted by temporal errors typical of those arising in a combined cochlear-vestibular implant. Responses were measured using three-dimensional scleral coil oculography for prosthetic electrical stimuli representing sinusoidal head velocity waveforms that varied over 50–400°/s and 0.1–5 Hz. Pulse timing errors produced negligible effects on responses across all canals in both animals, indicating that temporal discretization inherent to implementing a pulse frequency modulation-coding scheme within a cochlear implant’s CIS fixed pulse timing framework need not sacrifice performance of the combined system’s vestibular implant portion. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Merging a vestibular implant system with existing cochlear implant technology can provide clinicians with a means to restore both vestibular and auditory sensation. Pulse timing errors inherent to integration of pulse frequency modulation vestibular stimulation with fixed-rate, continuous interleaved sampling cochlear implant stimulation would discretize the smooth head velocity encoding of a combined device. In this study, we show these pulse timing errors produce negligible effects on electrically evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex responses in two rhesus macaques.
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Silva, Liliane Aparecida Fagundes, Maria Inês Vieira Couto, Carla Gentile Matas, and Ana Claudia Martinho de Carvalho. "Long latency auditory evoked potentials in children with cochlear implants: systematic review." CoDAS 25, no. 6 (November 25, 2013): 595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2317-17822013.05000009.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the findings on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in children with cochlear implant through a systematic literature review. After formulation of research question and search of studies in four data bases with the following descriptors: electrophysiology (eletrofisiologia), cochlear implantation (implante coclear), child (criança), neuronal plasticity (plasticidade neuronal) and audiology (audiologia), were selected articles (original and complete) published between 2002 and 2013 in Brazilian Portuguese or English. A total of 208 studies were found; however, only 13 contemplated the established criteria and were further analyzed; was made data extraction for analysis of methodology and content of the studies. The results described suggest rapid changes in P1 component of Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in children with cochlear implants. Although there are few studies on the theme, cochlear implant has been shown to produce effective changes in central auditory path ways especially in children implanted before 3 years and 6 months of age.
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Mawman, D. J., J. D. Edwards, E. C. Giles, D. Y. Aplin, M. O'Driscoll, T. J. Woolford, and R. T. Ramsden. "An audit of the cochlear implant service in Manchester." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 11 (November 1996): 1046–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100135728.
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AbstractThe adult cochlear implant programme in Manchester was established in 1988 and the evaluation of the cochlear implant service involved the first 58 implants users (mean age = 51.65 years, range 19–75 years). Questionnaires were sent to implant users and their partners to evaluate the service with regard to provision of information, clinical care during in-patient assessments, waiting times, operation for cochlear implant and postoperative rehabilitation. The results show that the majority of patients (78 per cent) felt that the implant gave them as much or more benefit than expected. Areas identified for improvements include provision of more written information about cochlear implants; reduction in waiting times for first appointments; more information about the surgical risks and more instruction about home auditory training exercises for family and friends.As a consequence of the audit results the clinical practice and service provision for cochlear implantation in Manchester has been modified.
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Aggarwal, R., and K. M. J. Green. "Cochlear implants and positron emission tomography." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 126, no. 12 (October 16, 2012): 1200–1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215112002241.
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AbstractObjective:This review aimed to summarise present knowledge surrounding cochlear implants and neuroplasticity using positron emission tomography.Overview:Cochlear implants are an established device for severe sensorineural hearing loss. However, the outcomes following a cochlear implant are variable and unpredictable. Furthermore, despite increasing numbers of implantations taking place, there are still uncertainties regarding how individuals learn to process speech using an implant. Functional neuroimaging studies using techniques such as positron emission tomography provide an insight into the cortical changes that take place in patients with cochlear implants.Conclusion:Only when the underlying mechanisms responsible for speech processing in implantees are understood can appropriate rehabilitation for those with poor speech perception be provided and outcomes improved.
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Buck, Steven H., Martin C. Mahoney, Irwin A. Ginsberg, Sanford R. Hoffman, and Thomas White. "Correlates of Cochlear Implantation, 1986–1992." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 114, no. 1 (January 1996): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989670278-4.
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There is a paucity of information regarding the use of cochlear implants within large populations. This article describes correlates of cochlear implantation procedures using a statewide hospital discharge database. Among the 146 implant procedures, 55% involved female patients, whereas the largest groups of patients were represented by younger and older persons (27% between ages 2 and 9 years and 24% 60 years and older). A bimodal distribution was apparent for average annual age-specific rates of cochlear implantation, with the highest rates among persons aged 2 to 9 years (5.4 implants per 1 million) and persons aged 60 to 69 years (3.7 implants per 1 million). Total hospital charges, excluding professional fees, exceeded $12,000 per implant and were found to vary significantly when examined by length of stay and by calendar year of procedure. The data presented are unique with regard to the total number of cochlear implant procedures included and the large, diverse population used. This study expands knowledge concerning the epidemiology and utilization of cochlear implantation.
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Perényi, Ádám, Roland Nagy, Bence Horváth, Bálint Posta, Balázs Dimák, Miklós Csanády, József Géza Kiss, and László Rovó. "Új műtéti képalkotó lehetőség a belsőfül-implantátum elektródasorának dinamikus helyzetmeghatározására." Orvosi Hetilap 162, no. 22 (May 30, 2021): 878–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2021.32085.
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Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A cochlearis implantátum egy műtétileg behelyezett elektromos eszköz, amely az akusztikus hanghullámokat elektromos jelekké alakítja, közvetlenül a hallóideget stimulálja, így segíti a súlyos fokú hallássérüléssel vagy teljes hallásvesztéssel élők életét. Cochlearis implantációt követően a legjobb rehabilitációs eredmény elérésének technikai feltétele többek között az esetre szabott elektródaválasztás és az elektródasor teljes, kontrollált, szövődménymentes bejuttatása a scala tympaniba, miközben a cochlea belső struktúrája a lehető legkisebb mértékben sérül. A rutin intraoperatív elektrofiziológiai tesztek fontos információt adnak a készülék működőképességéről és a hallóideg stimulációjáról, azonban nem hagyatkozhatunk rájuk az elektródasor cochleán belüli helyzetének igazolásában. Mivel előfordulhat, hogy a rendelkezésre álló elektrofiziológiai vizsgálatok eredménye megfelelő, és mégis rendellenes helyzetbe kerül az elektróda, az arany standardot a képalkotó vizsgálatok jelentik. Módszer: Közleményünkben egy modern, hibrid műtő által nyújtott technológiai háttér új alkalmazási területét mutatjuk be. Szimultán kétoldali cochlearis implantációt végeztünk Cochlear Nucleus Slim Modiolar típusú perimodiolaris elektródasorral, a belső fül fejlődési rendellenességével rendelkező betegen. Az intraoperatív képalkotást Siemens Artis pheno C-karos robot digitális szubtrakciós angiográfiás rendszer biztosította valós idejű átvilágító és volumentomográfiás funkcióval. Eredmények: Az intraoperatív képalkotás által dinamikusan követhető az elektródasor bevezetésének folyamata, ellenőrizhető az elektródasor statikus helyzete, így kiváltható a rutinnak számító posztoperatív képalkotó vizsgálat. A rendellenes helyzetbe kerülő elektródasor pozíciója egy ülésben korrigálható, az újból bevezethető, így elkerülhető az újabb altatással járó, bizonytalan kimenetelű revíziós műtét. Következtetés: A hibrid műtő jól kontrollált, minimálisan invazív eljárások elvégzését biztosítja. Különösen a hallószerv fejlődési rendellenessége vagy egyéb, az elektródának a cochleába vezetését nehezítő rendellenesség esetén javasolt a műtői képalkotó diagnosztika. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(22): 878–883. Summary. Introduction: The cochlear implant is a surgically inserted electrical device that converts acoustic sound waves into electrical signals to stimulate the cochlear nerve, thus helps the rehabilitation of people with severe to total hearing loss. One of the most important technical conditions for achieving the best rehabilitation result after cochlear implantation is the personalized choice of electrodes. Additionally, it is vital that there is a complete, controlled, uncomplicated delivery of the electrode array to the scala tympani while minimizing damage to the inner structures of the cochlea. Routine electrophysiological tests provide important information about device functionality and auditory nerve stimulation. However, they probably do not show an abnormal position of the electrode array within the cochlea. Thus, imaging studies remain the gold standard. Method: In our paper, we present a novel application field of the modern technological background provided by a hybrid operating room. Simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation was performed with cochlear implants with perimodiolar electrode array (Nucleus Slim Modiolar) in a patient with cochlear malformation. Intraoperative imaging was provided by a Siemens Artis pheno C-arm robot digital subtraction angiography system with real-time fluoroscopy and volume tomography function. Results: Intraoperative imaging ensures dynamic follow-up of the introduction and static determination of the position of the electrode array and replaces routine postoperative imaging. If the electrode array was inserted in an abnormal position, the revision can be performed in the same sitting. Also, the revision surgery with a potential risk of uncertain outcome, alongside additional anaesthesia, can be prevented. Conclusion: The hybrid operating room ensures that well-controlled, minimally invasive procedures are performed. Intraoperative imaging can be imperative in malformed cochleae and conditions that may complicate electrode insertion. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(22): 878–883.
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Graham, J., C. Lynch, B. Weber, L. Stollwerck, J. Wei, and G. Brookes. "The magnetless Clarion® cochlear implant in a patient with neurofibromatosis 2." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 113, no. 5 (May 1999): 458–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100144214.
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AbstractWe present our experience using the Clarion® magnetless multichannel cochlear implant with a woman profoundly deafened following bilateral acoustic neuromata as a consequence of neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2). The right neuroma had been previously removed without an attempt at neural preservation. On the left, however, a posterior fossa approach had been taken with the aim of preserving hearing. Although the left cochlear nerve appeared to be undamaged at the end of the operation, no hearing thresholds could be elicited on post-operative audiometry, because of damage either to the cochlear nerve or to the blood supply to the cochlea. Round window electrical stimulation subsequently produced a perception of sound, confirming that the cochlear nerve was capable of functioning and that a cochlear implant would be effective. Because she would need regular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to monitor existing and future NF2 lesions, it was decided to use a magnetless Clarion® implant, which has been shown to be MRI compatible. We report our experience of using the device in this case and discuss some of the issues related to the provision of cochlear implants to patients with NF2.
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Marinelli, John P., Sarah A. Sydlowski, and Matthew L. Carlson. "Cochlear Implant Awareness in the United States: A National Survey of 15,138 Adults." Seminars in Hearing 43, no. 04 (November 2022): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758376.
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AbstractHearing loss is increasingly recognized as a chronic disease that warrants treatment. Depression, social isolation, loneliness, and poorer cognitive performance have all been linked to untreated and undertreated adult-onset hearing loss. A significant subset of the patient population with hearing loss is inadequately rehabilitated by hearing aids alone and may benefit from cochlear implantation. Yet, it is estimated that less than 10% of those who qualify have received implants to date. A national survey was conducted online in November and December 2021. Subjects were identified using Dynata panelists and river sampling. Enrollment occurred on a rolling basis. Upfront sample management techniques were used to control the distribution, balancing the respondent cohort to the 2018 U.S. Census on age, household income, sex, marital status, household size, race/ethnicity, and education. Among 15,138 adult respondents with a mean (SD) age of 51 (17) years (54% female), only 10% reported being very familiar with cochlear implants, and 31% of those with hearing difficulty reported that they have “never heard” of a cochlear implant. Females were statistically significantly more likely to report some degree of familiarity with cochlear implants than men (34 vs. 26%; p < 0.01). The greatest familiarity with cochlear implants was observed among those aged 35 to 44 years (18% reporting “very familiar”), whereas only 9% of those aged 65 to 74, 10% aged 75 to 84, and 8% ≥85 reported being very familiar (p < 0.01). Those identifying as White/Caucasian were statistically significantly more likely to report familiarity with cochlear implants than those identifying as Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino/Spanish (33 vs. 56 vs. 50% responding that they had “never heard” of cochlear implants; p < 0.01). Among adults with hearing difficulty, nearly 80% report having never talked with a medical or hearing care professional about cochlear implants. Limited cochlear implant awareness likely influences its widespread underutilization across the United States. Sex, age, and race disparities compound these issues among men, the Medicare-aged population, and those identifying as Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino/Spanish.
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Svirsky, Mario A., Amy M. Robbins, Karen Iler Kirk, David B. Pisoni, and Richard T. Miyamoto. "Language Development in Profoundly Deaf Children with Cochlear Implants." Psychological Science 11, no. 2 (March 2000): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00231.
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Although cochlear implants improve the ability of profoundly deaf children to understand speech, critics claim that the published literature does not document even a single case of a child who has developed a linguistic system based on input from an implant. Thus, it is of clinical and scientific importance to determine whether cochlear implants facilitate the development of English language skills. The English language skills of prelingually deaf children with cochlear implants were measured before and after implantation. We found that the rate of language development after implantation exceeded that expected from unimplanted deaf children (p < .001) and was similar to that of children with normal hearing. Despite a large amount of individual variability, the best performers in the implanted group seem to be developing an oral linguistic system based largely on auditory input obtained from a cochlear implant.
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Connor, Carol McDonald, and Teresa A. Zwolan. "Examining Multiple Sources of Influence on the Reading Comprehension Skills of Children Who Use Cochlear Implants." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 47, no. 3 (June 2004): 509–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2004/040).
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Children with profound deafness are at risk for serious reading difficulties. Multiple factors affect their development of reading skills, including use of cochlear implants. Further, multiple factors influence the overall success that children experience with their cochlear implants. These factors include the age at which they receive an implant, method of communication, vocabulary skills, preoperative residual hearing, and socioeconomic status. Ninety-one children with prelingual and profound hearing impairments who received cochlear implants at varying ages participated in the study. Structural equation modeling confirmed that multiple factors affected young cochlear implant users' reading comprehension skills and that there were significant associations between the predictors of reading comprehension. Pre-implant vocabulary had an indirect positive effect on reading through postimplant vocabulary, which had a direct positive effect on reading. Overall, children with stronger language skills demonstrated stronger reading outcomes. Age at implantation both directly and indirectly, through postimplant vocabulary, affected reading outcomes, and the total effect was large. Children who were younger when they received their implants tended to have higher reading comprehension scores. Socioeconomic status negatively affected reading. Children who used total communication prior to implantation tended to have stronger pre-implant vocabulary scores, but the total effect of pre-implant communication method on children's reading skills was negligible. Research and educational implications are discussed.
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Davidson, Lisa S. "Comparing Speech Perception of Children With Cochlear Implants or Hearing Aids." Perspectives on Hearing and Hearing Disorders in Childhood 20, no. 2 (September 2010): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/hhdc20.2.70.
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Cochlear implant (CI) candidacy guidelines continue to evolve as a result of advances in both cochlear implant and hearing aid technology. Empirical studies comparing the speech perception abilities of children using cochlear implants or hearing aids will be reviewed in the context of current device technology and CI candidacy evaluations.
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Lenarz, Thomas, Hans-Wilhelm Pau, and Gerrit Paasche. "Cochlear Implants." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201011314010014.
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Lenarz, Thomas, Hans-Wilhelm Pau, and Gerrit Paasche. "Cochlear Implants." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920113804805296.
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Kirtane, M. V. "Cochlear Implants." Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 53, no. 4 (October 2001): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02991540.
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