Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cobar basin

Academic literature on the topic 'Cobar basin'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cobar basin"

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Glen, R. A., R. D. Dallmeyer, and L. P. Black. "Isotopic dating of basin inversion—The Palaeozoic Cobar Basin, Lachlan Orogen, Australia." Tectonophysics 214, no. 1-4 (November 1992): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(92)90200-p.

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Fitzherbert, J. A., P. L. Blevin, and A. R. McKinnon. "Metamorphism and Skarn Mineralisation in the Cobar Basin: Implications for Exploration." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2018, no. 1 (December 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2018abt6_1g.

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Glen, R. A., B. J. Drummond, B. R. Goleby, D. Palmer, and K. D. Wake‐Dyster. "Structure of the Cobar Basin, New South Wales, based on seismic reflection profiling." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 41, no. 4 (August 1994): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099408728143.

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Lay, Angela, Ian Graham, Lachlan Burrows, Adam McKinnon, and Karen Privat. "Ore and Gangue Minerals of the Hera Au-Pb-Zn-Ag Deposit, Cobar Basin, NSW." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2018, no. 1 (December 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2018abm1_3d.

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Hegarty, Rosemary, Astrid Carlton, and Karol Czarnota. "Yathong Trough deep 2D reflection seismic survey - identifying major structures for the southern Cobar Basin, NSW." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2016, no. 1 (December 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2016ab279.

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Smith, J. V. "Experimental kinematic analysis of en echelon structures in relation to the Cobar Basin, Lachlan Fold Belt." Tectonophysics 214, no. 1-4 (November 1992): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(92)90201-g.

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Smith, J. V., and B. Marshall. "Patterns of folding and fold interference in oblique contraction of layered rocks of the inverted Cobar Basin, Australia." Tectonophysics 215, no. 3-4 (December 1992): 319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(92)90359-e.

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Glen, R. A. "Formation and inversion of transtensional basins in the western part of the Lachlan Fold Belt, Australia, with emphasis on the Cobar Basin." Journal of Structural Geology 12, no. 5-6 (January 1990): 601–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(90)90077-c.

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Lima, Alexandre de O., Nildo da S. Dias, Francisco P. Lima Filho, Miguel Ferreira Neto, Priscila R. do A. Rego, and Anderson de M. Souza. "Hydrochemistry of alluvial aquifer in the Cobra River sub-basin." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 21, no. 11 (November 2017): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n11p785-790.

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ABSTRACT The regional characteristics of waters from alluvial aquifers are different, since they depend on geology and climate. Also, there may be local variation in the quality of the available water when the water source is superficial (rivers and lakes) or is underground due to geology. In order to investigate the groundwater quality of the alluvial aquifer in the Sub-Basin of the Cobra River (RN) for construction of underground dams, five wells, four in the main river and one in the tributary, were monitored in dry and rainy seasons, during two hydrological years. Fifteen water samples from ‘Amazonas’ wells were collected for hydrochemical assessment. Multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate the origin of aquifer recharge and water hydrochemical characteristics. Hydrochemical assessment results indicated that Na+ and Cl- ions have greater influence on the salinization of the studied area. There are risks of worsening salinization and toxicity problems in the middle and lower courses of the Cobra River Sub-Basin.
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Dubovskii, Peter V., Anastasia A. Ignatova, Alexey V. Feofanov, Yuri N. Utkin, and Roman G. Efremov. "Antibacterial activity of cardiotoxin-like basic polypeptide from cobra venom." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 30, no. 3 (February 2020): 126890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126890.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cobar basin"

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McKinnon, Adam R., University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, and School of Natural Sciences. "A geochemical exploration model for ore deposits in the Cobar Basin." 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/14967.

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The supergene mineralogy and geochemistry of numerous deposits in the Cobar region have been systematically explored in this study, with a particular focus on the oxidised zones of the Endeavour, Mineral Hill and New Cobar orebodies. A recurring pattern was identified in the oxidised mineral assemblages of the region, characterised by a multiple-stage paragenesis. Comprehensive geochemical modelling based on equilibrium processes was undertaken to elucidate the geochemical conditions under which the various assemblages formed. The exercise was extended in a series of experiments concerning the interaction of ground and vadose waters with secondary mineral species. This has led to a self-consistent geochemical exploration model for deposits in the Cobar basin. The model promises to be very useful for exploration in highly weathered terrains, particularly where the deposits lack significant surface expression. A similar approach may be relevant to exploration in other areas around Australia and world-wide.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Loidl, Gernot C. "The Elura Orebody: a multidisciplinary study investigating geochemical mineralogical & geometallurgical ore characteristics." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/82375.

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The Elura Zn-Pb-Ag deposit 43km NNW of Cobar, NSW, contained a pre-mining resource of 50.7 Mt at 8.8 wt% Zn, 5.6 wt% Pb, 107 g/t Ag and 0.2 wt% Cu. Sediment-hosted ore within a turbiditic sequence is strongly structural controlled. It is sheet-like with several elongated, subvertical massive zoned sulphide bodies with central pyrrhotitic cores surrounded by pyrite ore which is enclosed by semi-massive and breccia-stringer mineralisation. This study showed pronounced grain sizes, texture, mineral composition and trace element geochemistry heterogeneity. The pyrite-pyrrhotite-galena-sphalerite ore has minor marcasite, chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite and trace tetrahedrite (±freibergite), native silver and magnetite. Enrichment trends towards the surface and peripheral pyrite-dominated ore zones are in Ag, As, Tl, Hg, Sb, Sn, Mo and Au. The first Re-Os whole rock massive sulphide isochron age is 378±15 Ma. Initial ϒOs of ~170 is either caused by juvenile continental crust of the Lachlan Fold Belt as metal source or by a contribution of primitive mantle Os. Zinc isotope compositions of sphalerite (δ⁶⁶ZnJMC 0.220- 0.450‰) suggest effectively leached average continental crust as the source for metals, chlorite thermometry showed temperatures at 314-343°C, high Cu concentrations coincide with light Zn isotopes that define two major zones of fluid influx and the isocon method showed host lithology replacement was negligible during ore genesis. Sulphides formed in sites of increased dilation and fracture-induced permeability during prolonged periods of fracturing and fluid pulses. Decreasing fluid pressure and adiabatic cooling initiated precipitation of sulphides. No evidence for fluid mixing was identified. Initially, lower parts of the orebody formed in dilational zones in sandstone-rich sequences along a transpressional fault corridor. Major fracturing then caused the formation of upper main lode and upgrading of the lower main lode ore zones. Changing fluid temperatures, internal refinement via dissolution-reprecipitation and temporal fluid composition change created vertical mineralogical and geochemical ore zonation. The orebody was modified during post-depositional compression during continued basin inversion resulting in sulphide remobilisation, upgrading and amplified ore zonation. Zinc and, in particular, Pb recovery rates significantly fluctuated since production began in1983. Fluctuating recovery rates resulted from grain size variability and subsequent poor particle liberation during grinding. Silver recoveries rarely exceeded 50%. Poor Ag recoveries were due to fine-grained argentian tetrahedrite, common associations with gangue phases and alteration of tetrahedrite. High concentrations of Bi were encountered recently in lead concentrate. A galenamatildite solid solution contains Bi (max. 5,645ppm). High Bi is limited to the lower most main lode ore zone. Geometallurgical ore characterisation via QEMSCAN® was undertaken to predict mineral processing characteristics of ore sourced from parts of the same stope. On the stope scale there are significant variations in flotation characteristics from different parts of the stope which enables prediction of recoveries, concentrate qualities and mill throughput. Theoretical recovery calculations suggest that ore from the western part will have10% lower recovery. Theoretical and long-term average recoveries are similar for Zn but not for Pb. Theoretical data may over- estimate recovery because sample preparation may liberate more particles than plant grinding. An overview of mineralogy and trace elements allows geometallurgical ore characterisation on the stope scale to better predict mill performance. Investigation of geometallurgical ore characteristics and penalty element concentrations are recommended on a stope-by-stope basis within life-of-mine planning.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2012
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Lin, Shu-Kai, and 林書愷. "Genomic Structure of Cardiotoxins and Cardiotoxin-Like Basic Proteins from Taiwan Cobra." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70462179007606295658.

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碩士
高雄醫學院
醫學研究所
87
The goal of the present study is to determine the genomic structures of cardiotoxin (CTX) and cardiotoxin-like basic protein (CLBP) from Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra). Hopefully, these results throw a light on the evolutionary relationship of CTX, CLBP and neurotoxin. Six and two genomic DNA encoding CTX and CLBP, respectively, were amplified by PCR reaction. Moreover, the PCR products were used as a probe to screen the genomic library prepared from N. naja atra liver. Two genomic DNAs encoding complete sequence of cardiotoxins were determined. All the genomic DNAs share the same genetic structures consisted of three exons separated and two introns, and the exon/intron organization is essentially the same as those noted for Naja naja atra neurotoxin genes. Moreover, the sequences of their promoter regions are highly homologues. The intron (1 and 2) regions of these genes shared more identity (78.6% and 83.5%) than their exon (2 and 3) regions (52.4% and 75%) except for 5’-signal peptide and 3’-untranslation region. Obviously, the protein-coding regions of exons are more diverse than introns. This indicates that the exon regions may have an accelerated evolution. It appears that CTX and CLBP genes construct a gene family and derive from the same ancestral gene. Comparison of nucleotide sequences amongest the CTX and CLBP gene isotoxins reveals the presence of a major variable segment on the second exon and a minor variable segment on the third exon. These amino acid residues in the ‘hyper-variable region’ are located at or near the tip of three loops in the three-dimensional structure of cardiotoxin. It probable that the CTX and CLBP isotoxins evolve through gene duplications followed by base substitutions concentrated specifically at these variable segments, which may create the diversities in their biological activities.
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Liu, Jyung-Hurng, and 劉俊宏. "(1) Crystal structure of PriB, a primosomal DNA replication protein of Escherichia coli.(2) Structural basis of glycosphingolipid-facilitated cobra cardiotoxin A3 membrane insertion and internalization: crystal structure of cardiotoxin A3/sulfatide compl." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51183032722526147735.

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博士
國防醫學院
生命科學研究所
94
(1) PriB is one of the Escherichia coli phiX-type primosome proteins, which are required for assembly of the primosome, a mobile multi-enzyme complex responsible for the initiation of DNA replication. Here we report the crystal structure of the Escherichia coli PriB at 2.1 Å resolution by multi-wavelength anomalous diffraction using a mercury derivative. The polypeptide chain of PriB is structurally similar to that of single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB). However, the biological unit of PriB is a dimer, not a homotetramer like SSB. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that PriB binds single-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA with comparable affinity. We also show that PriB binds single-stranded DNA with certain base preferences. Base on the PriB structural information and biochemical studies, we propose that the potential tetramer formation surface and several other regions of PriB may participate in protein-protein interaction during DNA replication. These findings may illuminate the role of PriB in phiX-type primosome assembly. (2) Cobra cardiotoxins, a family of basic polypeptides having lipid- and heparin-binding capacities similar to the cell-penetrating peptides, induce severe tissue necrosis and systolic heart arrest in snakebite victims. While cardiotoxins are specifically retained on the cell surface via heparin-mediated processes, their lipid binding ability appears to be responsible, at least in part, for cardiotoxin-induced membrane leakage and cell death. Recent studies showed that CTX A3, the major cardiotoxin from Taiwan cobra venom, binds to sulfatide in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, and consequently sulfatide mediates CTX A3-induced membrane leakage and CTX A3 internalization into mitochondria. Sulfatide is a glycosphingolipid with 3'-sulfated galactose headgroup. Here we describe the crystal structure of a CTX A3/sulfatide complex in a membrane-like environment at 2.3 Å resolution. The unexpected orientation of the sulfatide fatty chains in the structure allows prediction of the mode of toxin insertion into the plasma membrane. CTX A3 recognizes both the headgroup and the ceramide interfacial region of sulfatide to induce a lipid conformational change that may play a key role in CTX A3 oligomerization and cellular internalization. This proposed lipid-mediated toxin translocation mechanism may also shed light on the cellular uptake mechanism of the amphiphilic cell-penetrating peptides known to involve multiple internalization pathways.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cobar basin"

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Wu, Wen-guey, Siu-Cin Tjong, Po-long Wu, Je-hung Kuo, and Karen Wu. "Role of Heparan Sulfates and Glycosphingolipids in the Pore Formation of Basic Polypeptides of Cobra Cardiotoxin." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 143–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6327-7_12.

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Lund, Joshua. "American Nomadic." In Werner Herzog, 1–220. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043178.003.0001.

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This section introduces the basic themes, structure, and argument of the book. The book will be a comprehensive study of Werner Herzog’s cinematic work, organized chronologically. Critical attention is paid to two major aspects of this work. First, the political dimensions of Herzog’s films, what they are and how they work. Second, his films’ relation to the idea of America. Detailed attention will be paid to the dialectical relationship between Herzog’s films and their historical context (both of production and representation). In a nutshell, the book asks, What are the aesthetics of the political in Herzog’s work? Each chapter will revolve around a major film: Aguirre, the Wrath of God (1972); Stroszek (1972); Fitzcarraldo (1982); and Cobra Verde (1987).
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Conference papers on the topic "Cobar basin"

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Nurwanto, Tomy, Daniel Karunakaran, and Ricardo Franciss. "COBRA Riser Concept for Ultra Deepwater Condition." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11161.

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Offshore ultra deepwater field is being promising as the future of oil and gas reserves. However, the development of ultra deepwater field posed many challenges, in particular, on the selection of the riser concept. Long suspended length of riser will significantly increase the vessel payload. High external hydrostatic pressure on the riser will increase the probability of collapse failure. Large dynamic motions of the vessel and large vessel offset yields potential buckling issues at the touch-down-point (TDP). In addition, potential fatigue problems due to vessel motions and soil-riser interactions also present at TDP area. Large current speed in deepwater field might also lead to vortex induced vibration (VIV) which eventually will contribute to significant fatigue damage for particular riser sections. By looking into these challenges, it is very important to select the most appropriate riser concept for the ultra deepwater field. Catenary Offset Buoyant Riser Assembly (COBRA) as newly developed hybrid riser concept offers a solution to overcome the challenges in ultra deepwater field. In general, COBRA consists of a catenary riser section with a long-slender sub-surface buoyancy module on top which is tethered down to sea bed via two mooring lines. The catenary section from top of the sub-surface buoy is connected to the floater by a flexible jumper. This flexible jumper can effectively absorb the floater motions, which give significant improvements for both strength and fatigue performance on the overall system. As a hybrid riser concept, this concept offers cost effective solution by avoiding all the expensive bottom assemblies that normally needed for a hybrid riser concept. This paper focuses on COBRA riser concept specifically for Santos Basin Central Cluster region at 2200 m water depth. It is observed that there is common sudden change phenomenon on the current direction in Santos Basin area. The effect of bidirectional current is analyzed, and the comparison with unidirectional current is discussed thoroughly. The analyses are focused on the global strength design performance under extreme environmental load and global fatigue design performance of the riser due to wave induced and VIV induced. The results clearly indicate that COBRA riser concept has a robust design and it is feasible for 2200 m water depth, in particular for Santos Basin Cluster Region area. It is also shows that COBRA riser has sufficient strength performance even for extreme bidirectional current.
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Xie, Fei. "Subchannel Analysis of Large Power PWR." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30428.

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Researches of steady-state thermal hydraulic performance of a large power PWR had been made using the COBRA III C/MIT-2 code. The basic thermal hydraulic parameters and characteristics of the core channels were studied. The results showed that the hottest channel and the maximum enthalpy rise hot channel were not boiling. The result will lay the foundation for further studies in the thermal-hydraulic design of a large advanced PWR.
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Jung, Bernhard, Martin Hoffhenke, and Ipke Wachsmuth. "Virtual Assembly With Construction Kits." In ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/dfm-4363.

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Abstract The CODY1 Virtual Constructor is a knowledge-based system that enables the interactive assembly of 3D visualized mechanical parts to complex and novel aggregates in a virtual environment. Two interaction modalities are provided: The user may (1) either directly manipulate the virtual scene by grasping, moving, and assembling parts using the mouse or similar input devices; or, (2) the user can instruct the system using simple commands in natural language. The basis for these interaction facilities is provided by a knowledge based approach, COAR (“Concepts for Objects, Assemblies, and Roles”%), that is especially tailored towards the representation of ongoing assembly tasks. In COAR, a structured model of a target aggregate can be specified. The system will then — while an aggregate is assembled in the virtual scene — recognize constructed subassemblies of the target aggregate. Furthermore, if multifunctional parts are used, as is likely when considering standardized construction kits, the system also recognizes the specific functional roles assumed by single parts in different subassemblies. We foresee potential manufacturing applications of virtual assembly (a) in the rapid design of novel assemblies and (b) in planning and simulation of assembly processes.
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Liu, Yu, Hong Zhang, and Baoshan Jia. "Development and Preliminary Verification of a Thermal-Hydraulic Multi-Scale Coupled Code." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29239.

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On the basis of best estimate thermal-hydraulic system code RELAP5, sub-channel code COBRA-1V, and commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code CFX, a thermalhydraulic multi-scale coupled code RECOX has been developed. The coupling strategy was designed to keep the integral structure of each code and minimize modifications of code source. Under the Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) environment, an external control code has been developed to perform codes spawn, data exchange and mapping, time step coordination, etc. Two test cases including single phase blowdown and temperature fluctuation transient have been carried out to evaluate the coupling between codes. Compared with stand-alone simulations very good agreement was achieved. Then in order to demonstrate the coupled analysis capability of RECOX, an asymmetry transient in a simple two loops system which is similar to the nuclear power plant was simulated. The result is correct and reliable, although further verification of coupled code with related experiment is needed. Finally, some potential improvements of coupling and future work were presented.
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Gallegos, Ralph Kristoffer B., and Rajnish N. Sharma. "Flow Characteristics of a Narrow Rectangular Channel Equipped With a Flapping Flag." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70291.

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Recently, the use of flapping plates or ‘flags’ as vortex generators has gained attention for its potential application in heat transfer enhancement in channels. The motion of the flag generates additional turbulence which leads to enhanced heat transfer. However, very few reports deal with the turbulence characteristics inside a channel with flag vortex generators. This paper presents some flow turbulence properties experimentally measured behind a flapping flag. Using multi-hole pressure (cobra) probes, the flow properties behind a flag (M* = 0.42) were measured in a rectangular channel (aspect ratio, α = 1/3) at four levels of flow Reynolds number (Redh = 11.5k–19.7k). Results show that the spectral properties of the flow parameters are closely dependent on the flag oscillation properties. Depending on streamwise location and Redh, measurements reveal that the flag can generate as high as 20% turbulence intensity in the channel centerline, almost six times that of a bare channel at the same Redh. In addition, a streamwise location has been identified where the flag’s oscillation no longer influences the spectral characteristics of the flow. The insights gained from this study may serve as a basis for the design and analysis of systems using flags as turbulence enhancers.
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Bartl, K., H. Lill, and A. Dessauer. "APPLICATION OF THE ROUTINE PHOTOMETRIC COAGULATION ASSAYS PT, APTT AND FIBRINOGEN TO A CENTRIFUGAL ANALYZER." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643257.

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The vast majority of coagulation tests in the routine laboratory are the global assays PT, APTT and the single factor determination of fibrinogen. We developed a convenient ilystem consisting of these photometric assays and the Cobas® Bio equipped with an external calculator. By use of this system all three determinations are possible from the same sample cup. For a profile of all 3 parameters, a sample through-put of about 60 per hours is possible. For PT and APTT determinations, the photometric assays on basis of chromogenic substrates are used. The time is measured, until defined amounts of p-nitroani1ine are split off from the substrate by the thrombin formed. Fibrinogen is measured in a kinetic turbidimetric reaction during fibrin formation by batroxobin. The performance data are as follows: The coefficients of variation for the PT assay (25 μl of sample and 225 μl of reagent) are 0.5-1 % (X = 31,9 sec or 115,0 sec respectively, n = 20). The normal range is 70-120 %, the therapeutic range 12-27 %. The assay is extremely sensitive for the factors VII, V, X and II. It is both suited for the control of oral anticoagulant therapy and the screening of factor deficiencies. The CV values for the APTT assay (20 μl of sample, 200 μl of reagent and 20 μl of starting reagent) are 0,5-1,3 % for normal plasma samples. The normal value ranges from 36-58 sec. Plasma with 0.3 USP units heparin/ml yields 80 sec (ratio = 1,6). Factor VIII and IX levels of 50 % prolong the APTT ratio for about 1,3 or 1,2 respectively. The data of the clinical evaluation proved the assay suitable for the control of the heparin therapy and the screening of the endogeneous coagulation system. The fibrinogen assay (20 μl of undiluted sample and 300 μl of reagent) shows a linear relationship between measuring signal and concentration from 50-800 mg/dl. The correlation with the functional clotting assay to Clauss is rather good (r = 0,98). There is only a slight interference due to fibrin(ogen) degradation products compared to the clotting test. The performance data and the clinical data make the system Cobas® Bio and the sensitive photometric assays an interesting alternative to the conventional clotting tests in the routine laboratory.
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Bai, Ning, Yuanbing Zhu, Zhihao Ren, Haibo He, Haoliang Lu, Jun Chen, Wenhuai Li, and Jinggang Li. "The Principle and Preliminary Validation of a New Subchannel Code." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15464.

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Following China’s road map of nuclear technology development, the development of self-reliant nuclear design codes becomes one of the most significant steps in the plan. Among the nuclear design codes, thermal-hydraulic analysis code is indispensable because it is the foundation of reactor safety analysis and reactor design. Recently, China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group has launched a series of R&D projects of reactor design code development. The sub-channel analysis code-LINDEN becomes one of the key subprojects. Since the sub-channel code is developed for thermal-hydraulic design and safety analysis of pressurized water reactors (PWRs), the basic requirements for the LINDEN code are reliability and stability. Therefore, the mathematical model and numerical method developed in the code are based on the matured approaches that have been used in various industrial applications. These models and methods includes: four-equation drift framework model of two-phase flow; the classical heat transfer model and fuel rod model (Poisson equation) as well as the constitutive relations; explicit formulation and stepping algorithms for equation solutions. The solver module of the code is programmed using object-oriented C/C++ language with the structural design.. With all these features, the code was developed to be stable, scalable and compatible. The code’s applicability has been further improved after model improvement and design optimization according to characteristics of China’s proprietary type of reactor. COBRA-IV and LINDEN have been used to conduct the thermal-hydraulics analysis for the Daya bay unit 1 and 2 nuclear plants at the steady-state conditions. The results demonstrate that the two codes agree well with each other. The preliminary tests show that the LINDEN code should be suitable for thermal-hydraulics analysis of large PWRs.
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Ballesteros, A., J. Bros, L. Debarberis, F. Sevini, D. Erak, S. Gezashchenko, A. Kryukov, et al. "Assessment of Irradiation Conditions in WWER-440 (213) RPV Surveillance Location." In 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49477.

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The key component of WWER is the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV). The evaluation and prognosis of RPV material embrittlement and the allowable period of its safe operation are performed on the basis of impact test results of irradiated surveillance specimens (SS). The main problem is that the SS irradiation conditions (temperature of SS, neutron flux and neutron spectrum) have not been determined yet with the necessary accuracy. These conditions could differ from the actual RPV condition. In particular, the key issue is the possible difference between the irradiation temperature of the SS and the actual RPV temperature. It is recognized that the direct measurement of temperature by thermocouples during reactor operation is the only way for receiving reliable information. In addition, the neutron field’s parameters for surveillance specimens have not been determined yet with the necessary accuracy. The use of state of the art dosimeters can provide high accuracy in the determination of the neutron exposure level. The COBRA project (http://ie.jrc.cec.eu.int/ames/), which started in August 2000 and had a duration of three years, was designed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Surveillance capsules were manufactured which contain state of art dosimeters and temperature monitors (melting alloys). In addition, thermocouples were installed throughout the instrumentation channels of the vessel head to measure directly the irradiation temperature in the surveillance position during the reactor operation. The selected reactor was the Unit 3 of Kola NPP situated in the arctic area of Russia. Irradiation of the capsules and online temperature measurements were performed during one fuel cycle. On the base of statistical processing of thermocouples readings the temperature of irradiated surveillance specimens in WWER-440/213 reactor can be accepted as 269.5±4°C. The results obtained show that there is not need in temperature correction when data of surveillance specimens studies are used for assessment of WWER-440/213 reactor pressure vessels. Maximum neutron flux evaluated using detectors, which were placed in the Charpy specimen simulators, equals ∼2.7·1012 cm−2s−1 with E>0.5 MeV. It is established that depending on the orientation of the capsules with respect to the core, the detectors of the standard surveillance capsules can give both overestimated and underestimated neutron flux values, as compared to the actual flux received by the surveillance specimens. The overestimation or underestimation can reach 10%.
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Sarma, Hemanta Kumar, Navpreet Singh, Ahmed Fatih Belhaj, Adarsh Kumar Jain, Giridhar Gopal, and Vivek Raj Srivastava. "A Lab-to-Field Approach and Evaluation of Low-Salinity Waterflooding Process for High-Temperature High-Pressure Carbonate Reservoirs." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210657-ms.

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Abstract Low-salinity waterflooding (LSWF) process has gained great attention over the years as a promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method with its superior performance over high-salinity water waterflooding. This study presents a rigorous and systematic lab-to-field approach involving research, discovery and validation using experimental and simulation components. Impact of various ionic compositions on LSWF was determined including a fundamental understanding of water geochemistry and likely geochemical reactions. The roles of crude oil/brine/rock (COBR) interactions and resulting rock-surface charges were investigated as well. Both experimental and simulation components were treated as complementary to each other. Experimental components included: reservoir-condition high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) displacement tests in composite cores using brines of different salinities and specially-designed ionic compositions; investigation of wettability alteration - presumably a key LSWF mechanism - in a unique and specifically-designed HPHT imbibition cell; Zeta potentiometric studies were conducted using a Zeta potentiometer capable of more representative evaluation in brine-saturated whole cores rather than with pulverized samples. Simulation involved: proposing likely geochemical reactions during LSWF; incorporating oil/brine/rock interactions, and then, simulation studies linking laboratory data to data from the candidate reservoir on complementary basis. The findings of the coreflooding experiments proved conclusively that LSWF with certain specific ionic composition yield a higher oil recovery. HPHT imbibition tests yielded both visual and quantitative estimations and monitoring of how the wettability alteration took place during LSWF and how it was impacted by the degree and magnitude of both temperature and pressure as the vivid variations in the contact angles were clearly captured. Using a whole reservoir core rather than pulverized samples, Zeta potentiometric studies enabled an investigation of the charging behavior at the rock-water interface at various salinities. A new method to estimate Zeta potential in high-salinity environment was developed and validated, and it conclusively proved that rock-surface charge played a vital, if not a more dominant role, in the LSWF process. The simulation studies included incorporation of experimental data generated during the study, identification of a set of likely geochemical reactions during the process and complementary field data to study the LSWF performance under various conditions and constraints. A conceptual "lab-to-field" approach that can contribute to designing a more efficient LSWF process with optimized ionic chemistry has been proposed based on results and analysis from this study.
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Reports on the topic "Cobar basin"

1

Jones, S. L., J. A. Fitzherbert, K. Waltenberg, and S. Bodorkos. New SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages from the Cobar Basin, New South Wales: Mineral Systems projects, July 2018-June 2019. Geoscience Australia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2020.042.

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2

Waltenberg, K., S. Bodorkos, J. A. Fitzherbert, and P. L. Blevin. New SHRIMP U–Pb zircon and titanite ages from the Cobar Basin and Lachlan Orogen, New South Wales: Mineral Systems Projects, July 2017–June 2019. Geoscience Australia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2022.034.

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