Journal articles: 'Coastal walks'

1

Rumyantseva, Olga, Andrey Sarantsev, and Nikolay Strigul. "Time Series Analysis of Forest Dynamics at the Ecoregion Level." Forecasting 2, no. 3 (September 11, 2020): 364–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forecast2030020.

Full text

Abstract:

Forecasting of forest dynamics at a large scale is essential for land use management, global climate change and biogeochemistry modeling. We develop time series models of the forest dynamics in the conterminous United States based on forest inventory data collected by the US Forest Service over several decades. We fulfilled autoregressive analysis of the basal forest area at the level of US ecological regions. In each USA ecological region, we modeled basal area dynamics on individual forest inventory pots and performed analysis of its yearly averages. The last task involved Bayesian techniques to treat irregular data. In the absolute majority of ecological regions, basal area yearly averages behave as geometric random walk with normal increments. In California Coastal Province, geometric random walk with normal increments adequately describes dynamics of both basal area yearly averages and basal area on individual forest plots. Regarding all the rest of the USA’s ecological regions, basal areas on individual forest patches behave as random walks with heavy tails. The Bayesian approach allowed us to evaluate forest growth rate within each USA ecological region. We have also implemented time series ARIMA models for annual averages basal area in every USA ecological region. The developed models account for stochastic effects of environmental disturbances and allow one to forecast forest dynamics.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Suryadi, M., and Tiani Riris. "The Influence of the Richness of Emotive-Cutural Lexicon in Coloring the Politeness Form of Speech and Politeness Gradation of the Coastal Javanese Society in Pati District." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 08023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187308023.

Full text

Abstract:

The focus of this research was to widen the richness of emotive-cultural lexicon which is grow rapidly in the usage area of coastal Javanese, especially in Pati District. By the variant of emotive-cultural lexicon will be found the uniqueness form of politeness and the gradation of politeness in the speaker walks of life. The location of this research was concentrate in Pati District. The selection of respondent and informant by using purposive sampling. The research design was survey and case study. The data collection was done by structured interview, in-depth interview, and focus group discussion. The data was analyze using the connection of emotive-cultural lexicon toward the form of politeness speech, so that the direct substance sorting became the main device in the analysis. The research findings are the power of emotive-cultural lexicon becomes the spirit of speech politeness form for Javanese coastal society in the region of Pati. This spirit also developes the gradation of politeness for the speaker. Lingually, this gradation is determined by the color/variant of emotive-cultural lexicon than the power of extralingual.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Olale, Philip, Collins Odote, and Robert Kibugi. "Leveraging integrated spatial planning for sustainable regulation of coastal tourism activities in Malindi town, Kenya." Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science 19, no. 1 (October 29, 2020): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wiojms.v19i1.6.

Full text

Abstract:

Unprecedented demand for both land and ocean space within the coastal zone to support tourism has continued to negatively impact the coastal marine environment leading to degradation. Poorly planned and regulated tourism activities on land and sea have led to degradation of environmentally sensitive marine areas, encroachment on public beaches, erosion of the shoreline and blockage of public access points to the beaches. These impacts transcend the land and ocean continuum necessitating the need for regulation. Spatial planning is one of the key tools that provides a pre-emptive strategic framework for regulating tourism uses so as to prevent harmful development and mitigate the impact of potentially polluting activities. However, spatial planning as applied in Kenya has focused on the regulation of physical developments on land such as the construction of hotels but not on the related tourism activities that emanate from such developments. In this case, activities that tourists engage in outside of the physical hotel structure such as swimming, leisure walks, sport fishing, souvenir collection, and snorkeling are not the subject of spatial planning leading to unsustainable use within the coastal zone. This study makes a case for adopting an integrated spatial planning approach as a lever for regulating tourism activities within this expanded lens, beyond just the buildings and activities that take place within the hotel establishments. The spatial planning approach would include a holistic regulation of coastal tourism activities within both terrestrial and marine spaces in order to attain sustainable management of the marine ecosystem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ohlmann, J. Carter, Peter F. White, Andrew L. Sybrandy, and P. Peter Niiler. "GPS–Cellular Drifter Technology for Coastal Ocean Observing Systems." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 22, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 1381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1786.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract A drifter for observing small spatial and temporal scales of motion in the coastal zone is presented. The drifter uses GPS to determine its position, and the Mobitex terrestrial cellular communications system to transmit the position data in near–real time. This configuration allows position data with order meter accuracy to be sampled every few minutes and transmitted inexpensively. Near-real-time transmission of highly accurate position data enables the drifters to be retrieved and redeployed, further increasing economy. Drifter slip measurements indicate that the drifter follows water to within ∼1–2 cm s−1 during light wind periods. Slip values >1 cm s−1 are aligned with the direction of surface wave propagation and are 180° out of phase, so that the drifter “walks” down waves. Nearly 200 drifter tracks collected off the Santa Barbara, California, coast show comparisons with high-frequency (HF) radar observations of near-surface currents that improve by roughly 50% when the average drifter values are computed from more than 25 observations within a 2-km square HF radar bin. The improvement is the result of drifter resolution of subgrid-scale eddies that are included in time–space-averaged HF radar fields. The average eddy kinetic energy on 2-km space and hour time scales is 25 cm2 s−2, when computed for bins with more than 25 drifter observations. Comparisons with trajectories that are computed from HF radar data show mean separation velocities of 5 and 9 cm s−1 in the along- and across-shore directions, respectively. The drifters resolve scales of motion that are not present in HF radar fields, and are thus complementary to HF radar in coastal ocean observing systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Rahman, M. H., T. Lund, and I. Bryceson. "Salinity effects on food habits in three coastal, rural villages in Bangladesh." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 26, no. 3 (February 11, 2011): 230–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170511000020.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractSince shrimp farming started in Bangladesh in the 1970s, it has spread throughout the coastal region, increasing soil and water salinity levels. The water salinity in 2005 in the coastal districts of Khulna, Bagherat and Satkhira ranged from 0.3 to 20.7, 0.4 to 27.1 and 0.7 to 24.8 dS m−1, respectively, whereby it was highly saline for several months of the year. Water salinity above 2.5 dS m−1 is not suitable for irrigation, and may cause animal health problems. Irrigation with saline water may cause ion toxicity and osmotic stress, reducing plant growth and yield. Salinity has reduced the agro-biodiversity in the coastal regions of Bangladesh, and this paper investigates how these changes have impacted human food habits in the three coastal, rural villages Putia (Satkhira district), Srifaltala (Bagerhat district) and Hogolbunia (Khulna district). Fieldwork was conducted from July to December 2006 and Participatory Rural Appraisal methods including transect walks, key informant interviews, group discussions and personal interviews were carried out. In total, 121 respondents were interviewed and historical data from 1975 to 2006 were collected. For historical data, respondents aged above 50 years were sampled, but additional criteria such as socio-economic condition and farm location were applied to assure a sample representative for the population of the coastal areas. The sampled households had characteristics similar to the major part of Bangladeshi households (rural, agrarian based, regarding family size and food habits), and were thus representative of a broader cross-section of households in Bangladesh. As all sampled villages faced increasing salinity and spread of shrimp farming, they were representative of villages in the coastal areas. When salinity increased, the production of vegetables, seasonal fruits, animal species, eggs and milk declined. As the price of the mentioned animal commodities rose, cheaper commodities such as broilers, exotic and marine fish species and exotic oils were introduced. The decision on what to cultivate was also influenced by non-residents converting the farmers' land into shrimp ponds, increasing the salinity in the surroundings and killing the farmers' ducks. These agro-biodiversity changes caused reduced frequency of consumption of beef, goat, native chicken, egg, local freshwater fish, seasonal fruits, vegetables and milk, while broilers, exotic fish, exotic oils and marine fish species were increasingly consumed. Still, the total fish consumption declined. These changed food habits may lead to considerable negative health consequences for the rural, coastal populations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Hays, Graeme C., Thomas Bastian, Thomas K. Doyle, Sabrina Fossette, Adrian C. Gleiss, Michael B. Gravenor, Victoria J. Hobson, et al. "High activity and Lévy searches: jellyfish can search the water column like fish." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1728 (July 13, 2011): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0978.

Full text

Abstract:

Over-fishing may lead to a decrease in fish abundance and a proliferation of jellyfish. Active movements and prey search might be thought to provide a competitive advantage for fish, but here we use data-loggers to show that the frequently occurring coastal jellyfish ( Rhizostoma octopus ) does not simply passively drift to encounter prey. Jellyfish (327 days of data from 25 jellyfish with depth collected every 1 min) showed very dynamic vertical movements, with their integrated vertical movement averaging 619.2 m d −1 , more than 60 times the water depth where they were tagged. The majority of movement patterns were best approximated by exponential models describing normal random walks. However, jellyfish also showed switching behaviour from exponential patterns to patterns best fitted by a truncated Lévy distribution with exponents (mean μ = 1.96, range 1.2–2.9) close to the theoretical optimum for searching for sparse prey ( μ opt ≈ 2.0). Complex movements in these ‘simple’ animals may help jellyfish to compete effectively with fish for plankton prey, which may enhance their ability to increase in dominance in perturbed ocean systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

AHLBERG, Per E. "Follow the footprints and mind the gaps: a new look at the origin of tetrapods." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 109, no. 1-2 (March 2018): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691018000695.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTThe hypothesis that tetrapods evolved from elpistostegids during the Frasnian, in a predominantly aquatic context, has been challenged by the discovery of Middle Devonian tetrapod trackways predating the earliest body fossils of both elpistostegids and tetrapods. Here I present a new hypothesis based on an overview of the trace fossil and body fossil evidence. The trace fossils demonstrate that tetrapods were capable of performing subaerial lateral sequence walks before the end of the Middle Devonian. The derived morphological characters of elpistostegids and Devonian tetrapods are related to substrate locomotion, weight support and aerial vision, and thus to terrestrial competence, but the retention of lateral-line canals, gills and fin rays shows that they remained closely tied to the water. Elpistostegids and tetrapods both evolved no later than the beginning of the Middle Devonian. The earliest tetrapod records come from inland river basins, sabkha plains and ephemeral coastal lakes that preserve few, if any, body fossils; contemporary elpistostegids occur in deltas and the lower reaches of permanent rivers where body fossils are preserved. During the Frasnian, elpistostegids disappear and these riverine-deltaic environments are colonised by tetrapods. This replacement has, in the past, been misinterpreted as the origin of tetrapods.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Nijman, Vincent. "Effects of habitat disturbance and hunting on the density and the biomass of the endemic Hose’s leaf monkey Presbytis hosei (Thomas, 1889) (Mammalia: Primates: Cercopithecidae) in east Borneo." Contributions to Zoology 73, no. 4 (2004): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-07304004.

Full text

Abstract:

Hose’s leaf monkey Presbytis hosei is endemic to Borneo and occurs only in tall forest. In recent decades Borneo has lost a large part of its forest cover, mostly in low-lying coastal regions. Large intact tracts of forest remain in the interior, but these are by and large inhabited by tribes that subsist in part by hunting. The combined effects of habitat disturbance and hunting on the densities and biomass of Hose’s leaf monkey were studied in Kayan Mentarang National Park in Borneo’s far interior. Over four months, data on densities and hunting were collected by transect walks in four forest types. Hose’s leaf monkeys were hunted to deter crop-raiding, for their meat, and to obtain bezoar stones (visceral secretions used in traditional medicine). Hose’s leaf monkeys occurred in single male groups of 7-8 individuals in densities from 0.8 to 2.3 groups km-2. Densities of Hose’s leaf monkeys were positively correlated with certain vegetation characteristics, e.g. tree height and height of first bough, and negatively correlated with distance to the nearest village. Biomass of Hose’s leaf monkeys declined considerably as a result of habitat disturbance and hunting from 92 kg km-2 in primary hill forest inside the reserve to 38 kg km-2 in old secondary forest and 31 kg km-2 in young secondary forest near villages. A review of the few studies conducted on the effects of habitat disturbance and hunting on Hose’s leaf monkeys reveal inconsistent trends in biomass and density responses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Romeril, Michael. "Coastal Tourism and the Heritage Coast Programme in England and Wales." Tourism Recreation Research 13, no. 2 (January 1988): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508281.1988.11014529.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Viola, Cristina, Danielle Verdon-Kidd, and Hannah Power. "CHARACTERISING COASTAL SHELF WAVES ALONG THE NSW COAST." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.waves.37.

Full text

Abstract:

New South Wales (NSW) often experiences periods of coastal inundation and estuarine flooding. One of the causal mechanisms of these episodes are coastal shelf waves (CSW), generated by synoptic disturbances (Church et al., 2006). CSWs in Australia often result from wind stress, mostly along mid-latitudes (e.g., the Great Australian Bight) and propagate anticlockwise (Woodham et al., 2013). However, there are no tools available for identifying and characterising CSWs and as such there is very little information on the magnitude, frequency, duration, and spatiotemporal variability. This paper aims to: (1) develop a method to identify and track CSWs using the existing ocean tide gauge network, (2) identify patterns in the frequency, duration, and magnitude of CSW, and (3) assess the factors that affect the frequency, duration, and magnitude of CSWs along the NSW coast.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/oigzYIKFBmA

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Young, R. W., and E. A. Bryant. "Coastal rock platforms and ramps of Pleistocene and Tertiary age in Southern New South Wales, Australia." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 37, no. 3 (October 11, 1993): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/37/1993/257.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Forbes, AMG. "Wind stress in the Australian coastal experiment region." Marine and Freshwater Research 38, no. 4 (1987): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9870475.

Full text

Abstract:

During the 6 months of the Australian Coastal Experiment (ACE), recordings were made by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology of several meteorological parameters at a number of coastal stations and by the CSIRO at several offshore locations to complement the ACE current-meter and sea-level gauge array. The aim was to examine the wind field over the New South Wales coast and so determine the magnitude of long shelf wind stress, which might locally force coastal trapped waves (CTW). Wind stress decreased equatorward, with the greatest potential for local CTW forcing lying on the southernmost continental shelf near Gabo Island. No significant variation in the magnitude of wind stress across the shelf within 20 km of the coast was observed. Despite the low sampling frequency at most coastai stations (twice daily, a subset of well-exposed coastal stations was sufficient to characterize the wind field over the entire region. The study revealed equatorward phase propagation of 9.2 and 12.1 m s-1 at periods of 4.4 and 10.5 days respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Taylor, J. A., A. P. Murdock, and N. I. Pontee. "A macroscale analysis of coastal steepening around the coast of England and Wales." Geographical Journal 170, no. 3 (September 2004): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0016-7398.2004.00119.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Williams, R. J., F. A. Watford, M. A. Taylor, and M. L. Button. "New South Wales coastal aquatic estate." Wetlands Australia 18, no. 1 (January 21, 2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31646/wa.227.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Cheng, D. M. H. "Coastal lagoons in New South Wales." Wetlands Australia 1, no. 1 (January 4, 2010): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31646/wa.50.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Moore-Colyer, R. J. "Coastal Limekilns in South-West Wales." Folk Life 28, no. 1 (January 1989): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/flk.1989.28.1.19.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Moore-Colyer, R. J. "Coastal Limekilns in South-West Wales." Folk Life - Journal of Ethnological Studies 28, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/043087789798239231.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Schmidt, Juditha Undine, Bernd Etzelmüller, Thomas Vikhamar Schuler, Florence Magnin, Julia Boike, Moritz Langer, and Sebastian Westermann. "Surface temperatures and their influence on the permafrost thermal regime in high-Arctic rock walls on Svalbard." Cryosphere 15, no. 5 (June 1, 2021): 2491–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2491-2021.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Permafrost degradation in steep rock walls and associated slope destabilization have been studied increasingly in recent years. While most studies focus on mountainous and sub-Arctic regions, the occurring thermo-mechanical processes also play an important role in the high Arctic. A more precise understanding is required to assess the risk of natural hazards enhanced by permafrost warming in high-Arctic rock walls. This study presents one of the first comprehensive datasets of rock surface temperature measurements of steep rock walls in the high Arctic, comparing coastal and near-coastal settings. We applied the surface energy balance model CryoGrid 3 for evaluation, including adjusted radiative forcing to account for vertical rock walls. Our measurements comprise 4 years of rock surface temperature data from summer 2016 to summer 2020. Mean annual rock surface temperatures ranged from −0.6 in a coastal rock wall in 2017/18 to −4.3 ∘C in a near-coastal rock wall in 2019/20. Our measurements and model results indicate that rock surface temperatures at coastal cliffs are up to 1.5 ∘C higher than at near-coastal rock walls when the fjord is ice-free in winter, resulting from additional energy input due to higher air temperatures at the coast and radiative warming by relatively warm seawater. An ice layer on the fjord counteracts this effect, leading to similar rock surface temperatures to those in near-coastal settings. Our results include a simulated surface energy balance with shortwave radiation as the dominant energy source during spring and summer with net average seasonal values of up to 100 W m−2 and longwave radiation being the main energy loss with net seasonal averages between 16 and 39 W m−2. While sensible heat fluxes can both warm and cool the surface, latent heat fluxes are mostly insignificant. Simulations for future climate conditions result in a warming of rock surface temperatures and a deepening of active layer thickness for both coastal and near-coastal rock walls. Our field data present a unique dataset of rock surface temperatures in steep high-Arctic rock walls, while our model can contribute towards the understanding of factors influencing coastal and near-coastal settings and the associated surface energy balance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Zehro, Khosro. "Specifications and types of seawall structures needed to protect beaches from sand erosion and storm disasters." International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Sciences and Applications 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47346/ijaesa.v2i1.56.

Full text

Abstract:

When someone decides to buy a house or any other estate near the shoreline, they do not think that in future nature will impact the value of their asset significantly. Further to the risks of hurricanes or any other natural hazards (such as tsunami), waves are gradually shifting the coastlines by displacing soil from a location to various areas. In recent decades, coasts have been affected by a significant deterioration due to weather conditions, waves, and coastal soil erosion. Hence, it needs precise environmental consideration, and preserves coasts for leisure, specifying reasons that promoted effective technologies from immersed structures to coastal nourishing. Therefore, by constructing sea-walls should prevent shoreline environments, especially the mechanism of sedimentation, long-shore transfer of sand, altering the coasts to the significant proportion which results from weathering and sea waves sever. In this paper, an overview submitted to the kinds of seawalls and specifications needed to sustain the seawalls. There explained the positive and negative effects of seawalls on coastal area, and the required factors to enhance seawalls stabilization against overturning and sliding failure. Also, the developed types of seawall structures have been identified that, in addition to the more practical vertical model, the stepped, rubble-mound, and curves have also been designed. It is recommended to coastal structure designer and engineers, in the pre-construction stage should precisely be studied on the coast situation and weathering conditions in the area, that is essential to make sustainable decisions and designs for construction of these structures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Latuni, Fandy. "Development of Road and Bridge Infrastructure to Enhance Economic Growth in the Coastal Communities of Tuminting District in Manado City." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 5 (November 22, 2019): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i5.1143.

Full text

Abstract:

Overcoming poorness in town of Manado which pursuant to statistical which is tendency mount, with year data 2016 noted by number 22,41 %. Various means done by government of town of Manado in improving to get society like developing infrastructure walke and recognized bridge by way of Boulevard 2 with length walke 6,5 km and wide 14 m very expected can grow economic sentra sentra newly to coastal area society through the street boulevard 2. Target of research is wishing to know do development of infrastructure walke and bridge of Boulevard 2 looking positive to make-up of coastal area society economics in district of Tuminting town of Manado. Pursuant to result of research that development of infrastructure walke and bridge of Boulevard 2 having relation 98,5 % with make-up of coastal coastal area society economics of district of Tuminting town of Manado.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Davies, P., A. T. Williams, and P. Bomboe. "Numerical analysis of coastal cliff failure along the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, Wales, UK." Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 23, no. 12 (December 1998): 1123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9837(199812)23:12<1123::aid-esp945>3.0.co;2-f.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Menderetskyi, Vadym, Volodymyr Mysko, and Stanislav Prydetkevych. "MANIFESTATIONS OF UNFAVORABLE GEOGRAPHICAL PROCESSES WITHIN THE SMOTRICH CANYON OF KAMENETS-PODOLSKY." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 50, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.21.1.5.

Full text

Abstract:

The research allowed the authors to identify various types of adverse, destructive and erosion processes in the canyon of the Smotrych River. Now the ecological situation within the Smotrytsya canyon is quite difficult. The main factor in the deterioration of the situation is anthropogenic and man-made load: quarrying, garbage accumulation, unauthorized agriculture on the slopes of the canyon. Within the Smotric canyon, natural water and wind erosion are manifested, which in most cases are combined and the processes of destruction as a result of their action are intensified. Studies of erosion processes in the canyon of the Smotrich River have revealed a great variety of their manifestations. Karst processes are a typical manifestation of water erosion in the study area. Among the surface forms of karst, microforms (crates of various types) predominate. Individual karst funnels are less common. We discovered a karst cave located near Bilanivska embankment. Its area is 6 m2. The walls are covered with cracks, dominated by horizontal, less vertical, but they are larger. Turfed, covered type of karst can be found on the section where the river Smotrich encircles the Old Town in the direction of the village. Poodles. Lateral erosion is due to slope processes and erosion of the riverbed. It causes the migration of the riverbed, watercourse, the formation of river meanders, widens the river valley. Within the Smotric canyon, this type of erosion occurs in places where the shoreline is formed of clay soil. Inflows and outflows of water masses during the season also change the structure of the soil. Wind deflation and weathering within the canyon are manifested in those areas where rock remains and leads to the formation of various forms, are evidence of long-term wind erosion. Over the centuries, these forms can change, collapse. Linear erosion includes slope processes under the influence of anthropogenic activity and temporary water flows, which form furrows, ravines, ravines. Bilanivska embankment is characterized by the development of a system of ravines that descend to the river floodplain as a result of temporary water flows, during heavy rainfall, heavy rains, melting snow. They are small, but descend to the river. There are ravines as a result of concentrated storm currents, which are formed during heavy rainfall Transport erosion occurs throughout the study area. The result of such erosion is narrow and wide paths, dirt and hard roads made of limestone and artificially covered and filled with rubble. Zoogenic (pasture) erosion is quite common in Smotrich canyon. Grazing of cattle (cows), horses or small animals (goats, sheep) is carried out everywhere. The lack of special pastures, the inability to keep animals in a tethered way, leads to the fact that animals graze on the slopes of the canyon, in the coastal zone, in parks, and goats graze even on steep terraces. During the last few years, the recreational service in the form of walks along the riverbed on the BRDM-2 vehicle has been causing a destructive impact on the ecosystem of the Smotrich River. Summarizing the results of our research, we should point out other negative impacts from tourism activities using military equipment: gradual destruction of the river bottom, acceleration of erosion processes on rocky and silty slopes, increasing turbidity, changing water circulation in the river, changing gorge, near Novoplan the bridge actually washes its supports, introduces fuel and lubricants into the water and with the wheels of the car feces of large animals, the noise scares away birds that nest in the coastal zone of the river. Key words: unfavorable geographical processes, ecological condition, Smotrich canyon, Smotrich river, erosion, pollution, sewage, landscape complexes, anthropogenization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Williams, A. T., and P. Davies. "Coastal dunes of Wales; vulnerability and protection." Journal of Coastal Conservation 7, no. 2 (January 2001): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02742476.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

ANDO, Tetsuya, and Keiko ONO. "A STUDY ON THE COASTAL WALK ON THE EASTERN COAST OF METROPOLITAN SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. D1 (Architecture of Infrastructure and Environment) 68, no. 1 (2012): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejaie.68.26.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Coughran, Jason, and Garry Daly. "Potential threats posed by a translocated crayfish : the case of Cherax destructor in coastal drainages of New South Wales, Australia." Crustacean Research Special2012, no. 7 (2012): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.special2012.7_5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Hall, Jim W., Paul B. Sayers, Mike J. A. Walkden, and Mike Panzeri. "Impacts of climate change on coastal flood risk in England and Wales: 2030–2100." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 364, no. 1841 (February 22, 2006): 1027–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1752.

Full text

Abstract:

Coastal flood risk is a function of the probability of coastal flooding and the consequential damage. Scenarios of potential changes in coastal flood risk due to changes in climate, society and the economy over the twenty-first century have been analysed using a national-scale quantified flood risk analysis methodology. If it is assumed that there will be no adaptation to increasing coastal flood risk, the expected annual damage in England and Wales due to coastal flooding is predicted to increase from the current £0.5 billion to between £1.0 and £13.5 billion, depending on the scenario of climate and socio-economic change. The proportion of national flood risk that is attributable to coastal flooding is projected to increase from roughly 50% to between 60 and 70%. Scenarios of adaptation to increasing risk, by construction of coastal dikes or retreat from coastal floodplains, are analysed. These adaptations are shown to be able to reduce coastal flood risk to between £0.2 and £0.8 billion. The capital cost of the associated coastal engineering works is estimated to be between £12 and £40 billion. Non-structural measures to reduce risk can make a major contribution to reducing the cost and environmental impact of engineering measures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Barkwith, A., M. D. Hurst, C. W. Thomas, M. A. Ellis, P. L. Limber, and A. B. Murray. "Coastal vulnerability of a pinned, soft-cliff coastline, II: assessing the influence of sea walls on future morphology." Earth Surface Dynamics 2, no. 1 (April 23, 2014): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-233-2014.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Coastal defences have long been employed to halt or slow coastal erosion, and their impact on local sediment flux and ecology has been studied in detail through field research and numerical simulation. The non-local impact of a modified sediment flux regime on mesoscale erosion and accretion has received less attention. Morphological changes at this scale due to defending structures can be difficult to quantify or identify with field data. Engineering-scale numerical models, often applied to assess the design of modern defences on local coastal erosion, tend not to cover large stretches of coast and are rarely applied to assess the impact of older structures. We extend previous work to explore the influences of sea walls on the evolution and morphological sensitivity of a pinned, soft-cliff, sandy coastline under a changing wave climate. The Holderness coast of East Yorkshire, UK, is used as a case study to explore model scenarios where the coast is both defended with major sea walls and allowed to evolve naturally were there are no sea defences. Using a mesoscale numerical coastal evolution model, observed wave-climate data are perturbed linearly to assess the sensitivity of the coastal morphology to changing wave climate for both the defended and undefended scenarios. Comparative analysis of the simulated output suggests that sea walls in the south of the region have a greater impact on sediment flux due to increased sediment availability along this part of the coast. Multiple defence structures, including those separated by several kilometres, were found to interact with each other, producing complex changes in coastal morphology under a changing wave climate. Although spatially and temporally heterogeneous, sea walls generally slowed coastal recession and accumulated sediment on their up-drift side.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Barkwith, A., M. D. Hurst, C. W. Thomas, M. A. Ellis, P. W. Limber, and A. B. Murray. "Assessing the influence of sea walls on the coastal vulnerability of a pinned, soft-cliff, sandy coastline." Earth Surface Dynamics Discussions 1, no. 1 (November 26, 2013): 1127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurfd-1-1127-2013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Coastal defences have long been employed to halt or slow coastal erosion. Their impact on local sediment flux and ecology has been studied in detail through field studies and numerical simulations. The non-local impact of a modified sediment flux regime on mesoscale erosion and accretion has received less attention. Morphological changes at this scale due to defended structures can be difficult to quantify or identify with field data. Engineering scale numerical models, often applied to assess the design of modern defences on local coastal erosion, tend not to cover large stretches of coast and are rarely applied to assess the impact of older structures. We extend previous work to explore the influences of sea walls on the evolution and morphological sensitivity of a pinned, soft-cliff, sandy coastline under a changing wave climate. The Holderness coast of East Yorkshire, UK, is used as a case study, represented both as a defended example with major sea walls included and a natural example where no sea defences exist. Using a mesoscale numerical coastal evolution model, stochastic wave climate data are perturbed gradually to assess the sensitivity of the coastal morphology to changing wave climate for both the defended and natural scenarios. Comparative analysis of the simulated output suggests that sea walls in the south of the region have a greater impact on sediment flux due to the increased sediment availability along this part of the coast. Multiple defended structures, including those separated by several kilometres, were found to interact with each other, producing a complex imprint on coastal morphology under a changing wave climate. Although spatially and temporally heterogeneous, sea walls generally slowed coastal recession and accumulated sediment on their up-drift side.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Nunn, Patrick D. "In Anticipation of Extirpation." Environmental Humanities 12, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-8142231.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract As concern about sea level rise grows and optimal solutions are sought to address its causes and effects, little attention has been given to past analogs. This article argues that valuable insights into contemporary discussions about future sea level rise can be gained from understanding those of the past, specifically the ways in which coastal peoples and societies reacted during the period of postglacial sea level rise. For much of the Holocene, most continental people eschewed coastal living in favor of inland areas. In many places large coastal settlements appeared only after the development of polities and associated crosswater networks. Postglacial sea level rise affected coastal living in ways about which we remain largely ignorant. Yet, millennia-old stories from Australia and northwest Europe show how people responded, from which we can plausibly infer their motivations. Stories from Australia say the people have succeeded in halting sea level rise, whereas those from northwest Europe indicate that people have failed, leading to the drowning of coastal cities such as Ys (Brittany) and Cantre’r Gwaelod (Wales). This distinction is explained by the contrasting duration of postglacial sea level rise in these regions; around Australia, sea level stopped rising 7,000 years ago, while along many coasts of northwest Europe it has risen unceasingly since the last ice age ended. The nature of past human and societal responses to postglacial sea level rise holds important insights for the future.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Havard, M. S. C., R. C. Ballinger, S. J. Pettit, and H. D. Smith. "Coastal zone management in Wales: The information gaps." Journal of Coastal Conservation 2, no. 2 (September 1996): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02905203.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Havard, Ballinger, Pettit, and Smith. "Coastal zone management in wales: The information gaps." Journal of Coastal Conservation 2, no. 1 (January 1996): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02743051.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Sant, Morgan, and Peter Simons. "Counterurbanization and coastal development in New South Wales." Geoforum 24, no. 3 (August 1993): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7185(93)90022-a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Johnston, Jane, and Steve Gration. "Coastlines, Cags and Communications." Media International Australia 127, no. 1 (May 2008): 166–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0812700119.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper layers communication theory over a cultural context by examining how Community Action Groups (CAGs) have responded to development along Australian coastlines. It analyses how communication and media strategies and techniques have been adopted by the third sector to challenge commercial and government organisations which have proposed coastal development. As noted by Huntsman (2001): ‘It is this appropriation of the beach for the purposes of capitalism, and the contesting ideas about the beach that have captured the attention of critics.’ Indeed these critics, who in this paper are members of strategic alliances, or CAGs, exist all along the Australian coastline. The paper seeks to highlight how the connections that are felt with Australia's coasts provide a special impetus and motivation for CAGs which have emerged in response to development along Australia's coasts, from Western Australia to New South Wales and Queensland.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Van Asbeck, Baron W. F. "BITUMEN IN COASTAL ENGINEERING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 5 (January 29, 2011): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v5.39.

Full text

Abstract:

Artificial coast protection is required where coasts are subjected to erosion. Where the country is low it will be necessary to build sea-walls where natural protection by dunes is not adequate or is completely lacking. In both cases it may also be necessary to protect the country from further advance of the sea by the construction of groynes and breakwaters where lateral currents cause displacement of granular shore material. From the study of the history of coast lines and the development of their protection it is apparent .that apart from the necessity of construction the governing factors of the constructions are safety and economy, or as the British "Departmental Committee on Coastal Flooding" states in its Terms of Reference, it has "to consider what margin of safety for sea defences would be reasonable and practicable having regard on the one hand to the estimated risks involved and on the other to the cost of protective measures". New methods of approach and execution of technical problems such as improved methods of observations and measurements, the use of laboratory experiments, availability of modern equipment and new materials open a wide scope for more economic construction. On the other hand, however, development in this field has been comparatively slow because the consequences of failures oblige the responsible engineer only to alter the traditional design step by step in accordance with progress made in the scientific analysis of the destructive forces of waves and of the properties of the new building materials. The need for investigation is sometimes accentuated by a disaster such as was recently caused by the storm surge of January/February 1953 when on the East Coast of England the observed height of the water-level reached a record of 6 ft. or more than the predicted height according to the astronomical conditions for a continuous period of 15 hours as against 5 hours for former surges. In Holland a water level of 75 cm« above the highest ever recorded level was reached on some sea-walls, causing overtopping of waves. Reports by the "Delta Commissie" in Holland and the "Waverley Committee" in England as well as Papers read on the North Sea Floods for The Institution of Civil Engineers, London, and the Koninklijk Instituut van Ingenieurs, The Hague, deal with the subject adequately. In dealing with coast defence schemes it should be borne in mind that for low lying countries designs should not only be limited to artificial works for direct protection of beacheis, sea walls and dunes. Consideration should also be given to works for reducing areas liable to flooding by overtopping of or breaches in sea-walls or by damage to dunes. In such instances a "second line defence" can be usefully suggested with cross banks to divide the areas in bays or compartments. If these cross banks carry access roads,connecting the inland centres with the sea defence works, they will certainly facilitate communications before and during storms and operations for restoring conditions after storms. In all these works bitumen can be applied to advantage for the protection of beaches, sea walls, dunes and banks as well as for road construction and maintenance works. The use of bitumen in coastal engineering is, of course, also based on practice and theory gained from other civil engineering fields, such as road construction and the building industry. The properties of bitumen and bituminous compounds have first been gradually developed to their present standards in these fields and this knowledge has facilitated the scientific and practical approach of the application of bitumen in sea defence works. In this paper the problem is only described from a practical point of view. After dealing with various aspects of the design of coastal works pertaining to the use of bitumen, a short review is given of the most important types, methods of application and properties of bituminous constructions and finally a number of representative examples of each of the types of application is given.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Timms, B. V. "Study of coastal freshwater lakes in southern New South Wales." Marine and Freshwater Research 48, no. 3 (1997): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf96049.

Full text

Abstract:

There are few freshwater lakes associated with coastal dunes in southern New South Wales (NSW). Lake Nargal near Narooma, Bondi Lake near Bega, and a small lagoon near Pambula have little in common limnologically with coastal dune lakes of northern NSW and southern Queensland. They differ in mode of origin, are less dominated by NaCl, are less acidic, are more speciose, have few characteristic dune-lake indicator species, and moreover contain certain southern species. However, a re-examination of data for Lakes Windermere and McKenzie further north at Jervis Bay suggest that these are classic dune-contact lakes rather similar to those in northern NSW. Differences and similarities are largely influenced by the extent and therefore the hydrological influence of the contextural coastal sand mass and by biogeography.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Gordon, Angus, and Lex Nielsen. "LARGE SCALE IMPACTS OF JETTIES AND TRAINING WALLS - EXPERIENCE ON THE AUSTRALIAN EAST COAST." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.structures.2.

Full text

Abstract:

Entrance jetties and training walls have instigated fundamental perturbations to coastal and estuary processes at several locations on the Australian eastern seaboard inducing long term changes to foreshore alignments, tidal current velocities, tidal plane elevations and marine ecologies with significant consequences, some having been realised only recently. This paper presents examples of long-term impacts of entrance jetties and training walls on coastal and estuary processes, gleaned from experience on the NSW coast. Jetties constructed at estuary entrances have the potential to alter fundamental coastal and estuary processes inducing changes that evidence indicates may take centuries to resolve. While many beneficial and adverse impacts of jetty construction have been known for many years, such as the improvements to navigation and flood mitigation from rainfall runoff and the interruption to littoral drift transport causing down-drift erosion, some impacts of jetties and training walls have not been well understood.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ARF55RPCPbA&feature=youtu.be

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Hol, W. H. Gera, Andre W. G. van der Wurff, Leif Skøt, and Roger Cook. "Two distinct AFLP types in three populations of marram grass (Ammophila arenaria) in Wales." Plant Genetic Resources 6, no. 3 (May 14, 2008): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147926210899417x.

Full text

Abstract:

The genetic structure of marram grass populations at coastal and inland locations, 200 m apart, was investigated at three sites by means of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA markers. We expected a genetic differentiation between coastal and inland populations and more genetic variation in the coastal areas as a result of different events of colonization by different plant materials. An assignment test showed that the sampledAmmophila arenariacould be assigned to two groups based on AFLP data. The spatial distribution of the two AFLP types ofA. arenariavaried with sampling location. In two of the three locations, mainly one type (1) was found in the newly formed dunes. This type did also occur further landward, but the second type (2) was preferentially found in inland populations. Genetic diversity was very low and of similar value in both coastal and inland populations. For each site, outlier loci with respect toFSTvalue were identified, which may be indicative of different selection pressures in coastal compared with inland clusters. However, no identical outlier loci were found at all three sites. Possible explanations for the observed difference in distribution of type 1 and 2 populations between coastal and inland sites are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Pye, K., S. J. Blott, and M. A. Howe. "Coastal dune stabilization in Wales and requirements for rejuvenation." Journal of Coastal Conservation 18, no. 1 (November 27, 2013): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11852-013-0294-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Allsop, N. W. H., and S. S. L. Hettiarachchi. "REFLECTIONS FROM COASTAL STRUCTURES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 21 (January 29, 1988): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v21.58.

Full text

Abstract:

Wave reflections at and within a coastal harbour may make a significant contribution to wave disturbance in the harbour. Reflected waves may lead to danger to vessels navigating close to structures, and may reduce the availability of berths within the harbour. Wave reflections may also increase local scour or general reduction in sea bed levels. In the design of breakwaters, sea walls, and coastal revetments, it is therefore important to estimate and compare the reflection performance of alternative structure types. In the use of numerical models of wave motion within harbours, it is essential to define realistically the reflection properties of each boundary. This paper presents results from a study of the reflection performance of a wide range of structures used in coastal and harbour engineering.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Formentin, Sara Mizar, and Barbara Zanuttigh. "A NEW REDUCTIVE FACTOR FOR THE WAVE OVERTOPPING DISCHARGE AT CROWN WALLS BASED ON GENETIC PROGRAMMING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.structures.9.

Full text

Abstract:

The upgrade of existing coastal defense structures by including crown walls and parapets may represent an effective and economic solution to reduce the wave overtopping discharge. Recently, a coefficient gs_GP for the parametrization of the effects induced by berms or promenades, crown walls and parapets on the average q has been developed. The formula for gs_GP was obtained from the Genetic Programming (GP) technique and was conceived to be included in the q formulae by EurOtop Manual (2018). The formula has been applied so far only to smooth dikes with crown walls. The aim of this contribution is to investigate the extension of the formula for gs_GP to a wider range of coastal structures, such as crown walls on top of rubble mound breakwaters and vertical seawalls. The ultimate objective is to provide a new design factor to be used in the EurOtop formulae.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/2xWPJeXPRco

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Dickman, C. R., H. E. Parnaby, M. S. Crowther, and D. H. King. "Antechinus agilis (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae), a new species from the A. stuartii complex in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 46, no. 1 (1998): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo97036.

Full text

Abstract:

A new species from the Antechinus stuartii stuartii complex, A. agilis, sp. nov., is described from Victoria and south-eastern New South Wales. It differs from A. stuartii primarily in its smaller average size, lighter and greyer fur colour, relatively smaller anterior and posterior palatal vacuities, and more rounded premolars. The species can be distinguished in the field on external morphology. A. agilis resembles A. stuartii adustus from northern Queensland more closely in skull and dental morphology than it does A. stuartii from central coastal New South Wales, with which it is parapatric and occasionally sympatric in the southern coastal part of the State. Considerable morphological variation is apparent amongst populations regarded previously as A. stuartii from southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, suggesting that more than one taxon is included currently under A. stuartii. Further clarification of the relationships of A. agilis requires evaluation of variation in such populations of A. stuartii and also with A. flavipes from northern New South Wales and southern and central Queensland.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Dawkins, Kathryn L., James M. Furse, Clyde H. Wild, and Jane M. Hughes. "Distribution and population genetics of the threatened freshwater crayfish genus Tenuibranchiurus (Decapoda:Parastacidae)." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 9 (2010): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09294.

Full text

Abstract:

Very high rates of extinction are recorded in freshwater ecosystems, with coastally distributed species threatened by urban development, pollution and climate change. One example, the world’s second smallest freshwater crayfish (genus Tenuibranchiurus), inhabits coastal swamps in central-eastern Australia. Although only one species is described (Tenuibranchiurus glypticus), it was expected that populations isolated through habitat fragmentation would be highly divergent. The aims of this study were to determine if populations of Tenuibranchiurus are genetically distinct, and if ancient divergence, as indicated in other species in the region, was evident. Tenuibranchiurus were collected at seven sites, extending the known geographical distribution ∼260 km south to Wooli, New South Wales. Analysis of two mitochondrial DNA gene regions indicated two highly divergent clades, with numerous additional subclades. Both clades and subclades were strongly congruent with geographical location, and were estimated to have diverged from each other during the Miocene or Pliocene era. Little sharing of haplotypes between subpopulations was evident, indicating negligible gene flow, and genetic differentiation between subclades possibly indicates distinct species. The coastal distribution of Tenuibranchiurus, severe habitat fragmentation and clear differences between subclades suggest that they should be recognised as evolutionarily significant units, and be treated as such if conservation and management initiatives are warranted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Stovold, GE, and A. Francis. "Incidence of Phomopsis phaseoli (Desm.) Sacc. in crops and seed of soybean in New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 2 (1987): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870317.

Full text

Abstract:

The pod and stem blight and seed decay fungus Phomopsis phaseoli was detected in soybean crops in coastal districts of New South Wales as a symptomless infection in the lowest petioles at flowering. Up to 90% of petioles from a second year crop yielded the fungus compared with 17% from a first year crop. Similar effects of paddock history were evident during pod fill when 43% of pods from a first year crop were infected compared with 76% in a second year crop. Visible symptoms of infection only appeared after crops reached harvest maturity. Crops in the North West of the state were infected at a much lower level. As in coastal districts the highest levels of infection occurred in fields which had been sown previously to soybeans. Only negligible levels of infection were detected in crops grown in the Riverina district. Only seed from coastal crops carried significant infection with P. phaseoli. The level of infection varied within and between seasons and was determined by prevailing climatic factors, especially atmospheric humidity and rainfall during pod fill and after maturity. Humidity and rainfall are greater for coastal than for inland districts, but prevailing temperatures in coastal and inland districts are only slightly different.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Burgess, Kevin, Helen Jay, and Adam Hosking. "Futurecoast: Predicting the future coastal evolution of England and Wales." Journal of Coastal Conservation 10, no. 1 (2004): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1652/1400-0350(2004)010[0065:fptfce]2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Adam, Paul, N. C. Wilson, and B. Huntley. "The phytosociology of coastal saltmarsh vegetation in New South Wales." Wetlands Australia 7, no. 2 (January 7, 2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31646/wa.111.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

White, Peter, Christian Reepmeyer, and Geoffrey Clark. "A Norfolk Island basalt adze from coastal New South Wales." Australian Archaeology 79, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03122417.2014.11682029.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Apte, Simon C., Graeme E. Batley, Ronald Szymczak, Paul S. Rendell, Randall Lee, and T. David Waite. "Baseline trace metal concentrations in New South Wales coastal waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 49, no. 3 (1998): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf96121.

Full text

Abstract:

Concentrations of ten trace elements at five localities in New South Wales coastal waters were measured by ultratrace sampling and analysis. Mean concentrations of cadmium (2.4 ng L-1), copper (31 ng L-1), nickel (180 ng L-1), lead (9 ng L-1) and zinc (<22 ng L-1) are among the lowest reported in the Southern Hemisphere and are consistent with recent oceanographic data for the surface waters of the Pacific Ocean. Waters from the southernmost sampling locality (Eden) contained higher phosphate, silicate, cadmium and nickel, but lower chromium concentrations than waters from the other four localities, reflecting the inputs of water from the Tasman Sea in the south compared with the dominance of waters from the Coral Sea along the rest of the coast. Cadmium concentrations were positively correlated with both phosphate and silicate. Chromium and lead concentrations were also significantly correlated. It is likely that a major source of lead is atmospheric deposition. The trace metal concentrations were comparable to those in the surface waters of the Pacific Ocean, indicating that fluvial inputs or processes occurring in the coastal margin were of limited importance in determining trace metal concentrations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Pettit, SJ. "The statutory approach to coastal defence in England and Wales." Marine Policy 23, no. 4-5 (July 1999): 465–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-597x(98)00052-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Burgess, Kevin, Helen Jay, and Adam Hosking. "Futurecoast: Predicting the future coastal evolution of England and Wales." Journal of Coastal Conservation 10, no. 1 (January 2004): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02818943.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Hunter, John. "Grasslands on Coastal Headlands in New South Wales, south eastern Australia." Vegetation Classification and Survey 1 (June 16, 2020): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vcs/2020/48228.

Full text

Abstract:

Aims: To use unsupervised techniques to produce a hierarchical classification of grasslands on coastal headlands of New South Wales in eastern Australia. Methods: A dataset of 520 vegetation plots scored on cover and placed across grasslands on coastal headlands (ca. 2000 km of coastline). Vegetation assemblages were identified with the aid of a clustering method based on group averaging and tested using similarity profile analysis (SIMPROF) using Bray-Curtis similarity. A hierarchical schema was developed based on EcoVeg hierarchy and was circumscribed using positive and negative diagnostic taxa via similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER) and importance based on summed cover scores and frequency. Mapping the occurrences grasslands was initially constructed using remote sensing which was verified and modified with on ground observations. Results: One group Themeda – Pultenaea – Zoysia – Cynodon grasslands and heathy grasslands was defined to include all coastal headland grassland vegetation of the New South Wales, and within this, three alliances and ten associations. Only one of the circumscribed associations is represented within the current state classification schema. In total 107 ha were mapped of which 68 ha occurred within secure conservation tenure. Conclusions: A number of unique and rare grassland assemblages on coastal headlands have to date gone undescribed. The most common alliance constitutes approximately 87% of extant grassland occurrences but is currently the only type listed as endangered and afforded protection. Although Poa spp. are listed as a threat to Themeda dominated assemblages on headlands data from this study suggest that this is unlikely to be the case. Taxonomic reference: PlantNET (http://plantnet/10rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/; accessed June 2019). Abbreviations: BC Act = Biodiversity Conservation Act; NMDS = non-metric multidimensional scaling; NSW = New South Wales; PCT = Plant Community Type; SIMPER = similarity percentage analysis; SIMPROF = Similarity profile analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Coastal walks'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles