Academic literature on the topic 'Coastal Protection Act'
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Journal articles on the topic "Coastal Protection Act"
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Veelen, Thomas J. van, Harshinie Karunarathna, William G. Bennett, Tom P. Fairchild, and Dominic E. Reeve. "NATURE-BASED COASTAL PROTECTION: WAVE DAMPING BY FLEXIBLE SALT MARSH VEGETATION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.management.9.
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The ability of coastal vegetation to attenuate waves has been well established (Moller et al., 2014). Salt marshes are vegetated coastal wetlands that can act as nature- based coastal defenses. They exhibit a range of plant species, which have been shown to differ in the amount of wave damping they provide (Mullarney & Henderson, 2018). Recent studies have shown that plant flexibility is a key parameter that controls wave energy dissipation (Paul et al., 2016). Yet, no model exists that includes plant flexibility in computationally efficient manner for large-scale coastal zones. Therefore, we have developed a new model for flexible vegetation based on the key mechanisms in the wave-vegetation interaction and applied it to an estuary with diverse salt marsh vegetation.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/AjnFx3aFSzs
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Steyer, Gregory D., and Daniel W. Llewellyn. "Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act: A programmatic application of adaptive management." Ecological Engineering 15, no. 3-4 (July 2000): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8574(00)00088-4.
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Jongejan, Ruben, Roshanka Ranasinghe, and Han Vrijling. "A RISK-INFORMED APPROACH TO COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 30, 2011): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.8.
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Economic and population growth have led to an unprecedented increase in the value at risk in coastal zones over the last century. To avoid excessive future losses, particularly in the light of projected climate change impacts, coastal zone managers have various instruments at their disposal. These primarily concern land-use planning (establishing buffer zones) and engineering solutions (beach nourishment and coastal protection). In this paper, we focus on risk mitigation through the implementation of buffer zones (setback lines). Foregoing land-use opportunities in coastal regions and protecting coasts is costly, but so is damage caused by inundation and storm erosion. Defining appropriate setback lines for land-use planning purposes is a balancing act. It is however unclear what level of protection is facilitated by current approaches for defining setback lines, and whether this is, at least from an economic perspective, sufficient. In this paper, we present an economic model to determine which setback lines would be optimal from an economic perspective. The results provide a useful reference point in the political debate about the acceptability of risk in coastal zones. The main conclusions are (i) that it is useful to define setback lines on the basis of their exceedance probabilities, (ii) that the exceedance probability of an economically efficient setback line will typically be in the order of magnitude of 1/100 per year, (iii) that it is important to distinguish between situations in which morphological conditions are stationary and non-stationary, and (iv) that long-term uncertainties (e.g. due to climate change) influence the exceedance probability of efficient setback lines but only to a limited extent.
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Lanclos, Jason, Brett Borne, and Michael Poff. "PROGRESSION OF BARRIER ISLAND RESTORATION IN LOUISIANA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.24.
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Over the last several decades restoration efforts in coastal Louisiana have evolved from efforts known mostly to State and Parish officials and academic community to national recognition in the wake of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Consolidated efforts of coastal restoration developed in the early years through the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act (CWPPRA). Additional funding and organizational efforts include State funding; the Coastal Impact Assessment Program (CIAP); and most recently from programs resulting from Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill penalties.
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Dromgoole, Sarah. "Military Remains on and around the Coast of the United Kingdom: Statutory Mechanisms of Protection." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 11, no. 1 (1996): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180896x00366.
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AbstractThis article addresses the protection afforded by UK statute law to the large number of military remains found on and around the coast of the UK. It is concerned primarily, but not exclusively, with remains from World Wars I and II. These remains are varied in nature and include sunken vessels and aircraft; landing craft and amphibious vehicles; fortresses, gun emplacements and other coastal defences. They face a wide variety of threats, including looting, redevelopment, dredging and land reclamation, erosional processes, recreational activities and neglect. The article examines the protection offered to these remains by three statutes: the Protection of Wrecks Act 1973, the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986 and the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. The provisions of each statute are examined in order to consider the extent of the protection they may afford. The interrelationship of the statutes is also given consideration and the rather peculiar overlapping of their provisions is discussed. The Protection of Military Remains Act 1986 is given particularly full analysis since this statute has been neglected by academic commentators in the past and yet could offer a useful protective mechanism. Although it was enacted after the Falklands conflict primarily in order to protect the sanctity of human remains, its provisions, if fully implemented, would have wide effect. The difficulty which may arise in choosing the most appropriate statutory mechanism for protection of particular remains is illustrated by an interesting case study relating to the German vessels scuttled by their crews in Scapa Flow at the end of World War II. Finally, some comments and suggestions are made concerning the current division of administrative responsibility for military remains in the UK which leads to an unco-ordinated approach to protection.
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Stolls, Amy M. "VESSEL LIABILITY AND FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE U.S. COASTAL STATES." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1995, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1995-1-255.
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ABSTRACT Vessel owners and operators doing business in the United States know by now that simply complying with federal laws and regulations is not enough. Though some states have enacted legislation similar to the federal Oil Pollution Act of 1990, others have their own approach to environmental protection. This paper reviews the patchwork of U.S. coastal state requirements with regard to vessel liability and financial responsibility.
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Donohoe, Michael J., Bruce A. Russell, and Patricia Clark. "POLLUTION PREVENTION, PREPAREDNESS, AND RESPONSE COORDINATION EFFORTS BETWEEN THE U.S. COAST GUARD AND COASTAL, GREAT LAKES, AND INLAND RIVER STATES." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1993, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1993-1-23.
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ABSTRACT Following the passage of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90) and increased public demands for action in the wake of the Exxon Valdez oil spill, many states are now aggressively redefining and expanding their marine safety and marine environmental protection programs. The U. S. Coast Guard is developing a program to coordinate these efforts with the aim toward minimizing duplicative requirements, leveraging resources, and eliminating barriers to marine transportation due to widely differing federal and state regulations.
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Bosselmann, Klaus, and Prue Taylor. "The New Zealand law and conservation." Pacific Conservation Biology 2, no. 1 (1995): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc950113.
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New Zealand, like many countries concerned with conservation issues, is reforming its legislation to provide more comprehensive protection of biological diversity and individual species. The basic aim is simple: if you want to protect animals and plants you have to protect their habitat. The problem is, of course, that humans share the very same habitat. How then can the right balance between use and protection be found? Of the principal Acts guiding the protection and preservation of land, animals and plants (such as the 1953 Wildlife Act or the 1987 Conservation Act) the 1991 Resource Management Act (RMA) marks an important turning-point. It aims to integrate development and conservation. The RMA promotes sustainable management of natural and physical resources. Any destruction of, damage to, or disturbance of, the habitats of plants and animals on land, in coastal marine areas and in lakes and rivers is seen as unsustainable, thus to be avoided.The use of the concept of sustainability is a first in national legislation and makes the RMA a leader around the world. However, its successful enforcement is ultimately a matter of changed attitudes. Here the law can only give some guidance.
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Kim, Seung Gyu, Seong-Hoon Cho, and Roland K. Roberts. "Identifying Priority Areas for Wetlands Restoration along the Louisiana Coast under the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act of 1990." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 59, no. 2 (January 13, 2011): 295–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.2010.01213.x.
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Murari, Kalpana S. "Coastal Zone Management: Resolving Climate Change Issues Through a Statutory Framework." Journal of Management and Sustainability 6, no. 3 (August 30, 2016): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v6n3p114.
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<p>The coastline of India is part of its valuable natural heritage that has since been severely impacted by unregulated human activities, indiscriminate urbanization and unsustainable models of development for coastal infrastructure. Climate change impacts have added to numerous causes that have left marine areas distressed and struggling for survival. Overwhelming scientific evidence suggests that undeterred by curbs on rise in global temperatures, sea levels along India’s coast has continued to rise at the rate of 1.3mm per year. India’s coastal management program is undermined by the absence of a primary legislation, the ensuing laxity in enforcement of and compliance with regulatory norms. The present legal regime denotes a clear absence of measures to protect the natural heritage of India’s coastline and coastal ecosystems. Industrial activities affecting India’s coastal areas are governed by a set of legislative instruments that are sectoral in their approach and therefore seem fragmented for a cohesive battle against climate change impacts. The Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 2011(CRZ) issued under the Environment Protection Act, 1986 does not provide adequate measures to protect threatened shorelines and marine areas. The delegated legislation falls short in regulating industrial activities along the coasts, monitoring unsustainable development of coastal infrastructure and preventing pollution at source. There is an undeniable need to constitute a legal regime for coastal management that in its core serves an agenda to address climate change impacts, enhanced by a mandate for adaptation programs. This paper will attempt to present an argument in favor of a statutory framework that will enhance the existing integrated coastal zone management plan in India and resolve conflicts arising out of economic, social and environmental issues encompassing coastal zone regulation. Climate change is forcing developing nations to usher in requisite legal reforms within their regulatory regimes that rise up to meet international standards for coastal and ocean governance.</p>
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coastal Protection Act"
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Guerinoni, Stephen C., and n/a. "An evaluation of coastal zone management." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1989. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060713.130610.
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The coastal zone is a valuable resource which provides a diversity
of benefits. The difficulties facing the coastal zone tend to fall
into three categories:
(1) Pressure and conflict on resources. The beach residence
value, an indicator of land use pressure, implies that, of the
Australian states, New South Wales' coastal zone is under
the greatest pressure. Associated with population is
development pressure. Many forms of development are not
compatible, hence conflicts of interest can arise.
(2) The dynamic nature of the coast. That is, the physical and
biological aspects of the coastal zone are in a state of flux.
The dynamics make predictions for management controversial.
(3) Organisational problems. The lack of direction, lack of coordination
and fragmentation of management leads to ad hoc
management of this valuable resource.
This evaluation identified and confirmed the relevance of coastal
issues which led to the enactment of the Coastal Protection Act,
1979. The coastal issues investigated were: coastal erosion
and development; coastal erosion and protection works; coastal
land degradation; degradation of coastal habitats, fish and wildlife
resources; recreation opportunities; pollution; and increasing
population pressure and competition betweeen alternative uses.
The administrative arrangements for management of the issues
were investigated. A broad range of coastal issues were evaluated
using a mix of indicators with standards of comparison to measure
progress. Management tools, policies and strategies used to
address the issues were investigated. Finally prescriptions to
further address the issues were made as was how to implement
the prescriptions.
The evaluation noted: increasing coastal population and
development pressure; numerous examples of conflicts of interest;
complex and often bewildering administrative arrangements for
coastal zone management; widely varying levels of performance
by agencies; and a lack of direction and co-ordination from State
authorities. The principal conclusion was that strategic planning
needed to be undertaken through a lead coastal agency. The
lead agency should clarify and improve direction, co-ordination
and co-operation in coastal management. This should improve
the effectiveness of management and reduce the incidence and
duration of conflict among the different and competing coastal
values. This evaluation of the effectiveness of coastal management,
at a State level, should not only assist New South Wales but
also other States in the management of this valuable resource.
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Lemine, Bramley Jemain. "The role of local government in the effective implementation of the National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act 2008- a case of the Draft Cape Town Metropolitan Coastal Protection Zone Management by-Law." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4555.
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Magister Legum - LLMThe purpose of the study is to outline the relevant legislation and assess whether it is adequately applied to protect the 240 km coastline with its associated sensitive ecosystems; in particular, as assessment will be made of the By-law.
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Bannon, Matthew. "The evolution of the role of Australian customs in maritime surveillance and border protection." Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080916.155511/index.html.
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Andersson, Henrik, and Christoffer Bosson. "Landsbygdsutveckling i strandnära lägen : En kartläggande och jämförande studie av hur kommuner och Länsstyrelser tillämpar lagstiftningen." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för Matematik, Data- och Lantmäteriteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-13999.
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2009/2010 infördes i Miljöbalken och Plan- och Bygglagen ett nytt begrepp, landsbygdsutveckling i strandnära lägen (LIS). Lagändringen genomfördes med motiveringen att områden med låg exploateringsgrad samt god tillgång till stränder skulle få en möjlighet till lättnader i strandskyddet, detta för att kunna erbjuda attraktiva lägen för boende och verksamhet inom kommunen. Sedan denna ändring infördes har kommunerna huvudansvaret för att pröva dispenser för strandskydd inom kommunen, Länsstyrelsen har huvudsakligen en granskande roll. När lagändringen 2009/2010 kom infördes det i Plan- och Bygglagen en möjlighet för kommunerna att sedan 1 februari 2010 peka ut LIS-områden inom kommunen i sin översiktsplan, tematiskt tillägg till översiktsplanen eller i en fördjupad översiktsplan. Syftet med denna studie är att jämföra och kartlägga hur 44 kommuner runtom i landet använder sig av LIS. Studien syftar även till att kartlägga hur olika Länsstyrelser i olika län runtom i landet arbetar tillsammans med kommunerna i frågan om LIS. Studiens första del är kvantitativ för att sammanställa den statistik som ligger till grund för studiens resultat. Studien innehåller även en kvalitativ del som syftar till att analysera den statistik som framställts inom studien. Studien mynnar ut i slutsatsen att kommunerna och Länsstyrelsen har olika syn på LIS i helhet, vilket syns genom de synpunkter som Länsstyrelsen lämnar till kommunen via sitt granskningsyttrande. Ett mönster för vilka synpunkter som är vanligast att Länsstyrelsen lämnar har uppmärksammats inom studien. De vanligaste synpunkterna från Länsstyrelsen är att kommunerna inte tillgodosett syftet med LIS, syftet med strandskyddet samt ett eller flera riksintressen som påverkar tillämpningen av LIS. Studien visar att kommunerna följer den lagstiftning som reglerar var LIS-områden får pekas ut. Studiens fördjupande del visar att kommuner med olika politisk styrning arbetar med LIS på varierande sätt. De huvudsakliga skillnaderna i hantering av LIS-områden beroende av politisk styrning är antalet områden som pekas ut. Den politiska styrningen inom en kommun har större inverkan på utpekande av antalet LIS-områden än kommunens geografiska läge i Sverige, enligt den fördjupande delen i studiens resultat.2009/2010 a new concept was brought into Environmental code and Planning and Building Act, which was countryside development in areas close to shores (LIS). This amendment was motivated by that areas which have a low degree of exploited land area and high access to seaside areas would get an opportunity to reliefs in coastal protection regulations, in order to be able to offer attractive areas for living and establishing different activities within the municipality. Since the amendment came into force the main responsibility for approval of exceptions from costal protection regulations is on the county. The county administrative board main responsibility is to keep an eye on the granted approvals of the municipalities. The amendments in the Planning and Building Act resulted in the possibility for the municipalities to present areas in with a relief in coastal protection regulations, as a part of the comprehensive plan, an addition to the comprehensive plan or an extensive version for a part of the comprehensive plan. The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare how the legislation about LIS is applied, by studying 44 municipalities including the documents of comments from the county administrative board. The first part of the study is the quantitative part which contains collecting and compile information and statistics in which the study will be founded. The study also contains a qualitative part of analyzing the results obtained in the quantitative part. Overall the study shows that there is a disagreement between the municipalities and the county administrative board regarding costal protection regulation. The conclusion is based on the results from the study presenting the comments from the county administrative board to the municipalities during the final examine before the comprehensive plan is adopted by the municipal council. The results in the study show a pattern in the most frequent comments from the county administrative board compiled. The most common comment from the county administrative board is that the municipality has not fulfilled the purpose of the legislation about LIS. Furthermore, the municipality has not considered national interests in the municipal areas meant for LIS. The study shows that different political ideology has an influence on the execution of the legislation about LIS in municipalities. The results in the study show that the political ideology has an impact on the numbers of areas which the municipalities present as LIS. As a matter of fact, the impact of political ideology is greater than the impact of geographical similarities between two municipalities, according to the results in the study.
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Raybould, Michael, and n/a. "Attitudes and Information Effects in Contingent Valuation of Natural Resources." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20061009.150949.
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This thesis investigated the effects of photographic and text information on respondents' attitudes and willingness-to-pay for a proposed beach protection scheme in the erosion prone Gold Coast region on the east coast of Australia. The research developed two alternative expectancy-value attitude-behaviour models to test residents' attitudes toward relevant targets and behavioural intention, expressed through stated willingness-to-pay, and compared the proposed models with one established attitude-behaviour model. The thesis set out to investigate three central research questions; one question relating to the effects of information on attitudes and willingness-to-pay, and two questions relating to the relationships between attitudes and willingness-to-pay. It was hypothesised that photographs that depicted severe erosion damage would result in more positive attitudes toward, and greater willingness-to-pay for, beach protection than photographs that showed only mild levels of erosion damage. Positive relationships were hypothesised between variables representing attitudes toward beach erosion, attitude toward beach protection, attitude toward paying for beach protection, and willingness-to-pay. Finally, it was hypothesised that the relationships between attitudes and willingness-to-pay could be adequately explained by the proposed attitude-behaviour models. The thesis describes how seven information treatments and eight attitude measurement scales were developed and tested in a pilot experiment before use in a survey of homeowners in the region of interest. Analysis of variance showed that, while respondent's attitude toward beach protection was affected by the information treatments, their willingness-to-pay for the proposed program was insensitive to information. There were no significant effects that could be attributed exclusively to text descriptions of the good but there were significant effects that could be attributed to photographic information treatments. However, none of the effects on attitudes resulted in significant effects on the behavioural intention expressed in stated willingness-to-pay. Analysis of respondents with low previous knowledge of the proposed good revealed more extensive information effects on attitudes, but still not on willingness-to-pay, and this suggests that high levels of previous knowledge in a large proportion of the sample had a moderating effect on attitude change caused by the information treatments. Regression analysis showed that seven of the eight attitude and behaviour variables in the proposed attitude-behaviour model were significant predictors of willingness-to-pay. In the final phase of the analysis, goodness-of-fit indices, estimated using Structural Equation Modelling, indicated a good fit between the data and the attitude-behaviour models tested. Standardised coefficients on the model indicated that perceived behavioural control, expected utility of outcomes, and subjective norms all had strong direct relationships with stated willingness-to-pay, and strong indirect relationships on willingness-to-pay via attitudes toward payment. These results are consistent with the relationships proposed in attitude-behaviour models and the moderating effects of these variables explain why significant information treatment effects were observed on attitude to beach protection but not on willingness-to-pay. This research showed that respondent's willingness-to-pay in a contingent valuation experiment is quite insensitive to photographic treatments when previous knowledge is high and that costly and time consuming testing procedures, recommended by authorities, may not be necessary under these conditions. It also demonstrated that measures of attitude, consistent with an attitude-behaviour model, can be collected easily in a contingent valuation study and can contribute to understanding of participant responses and to identification of protest responses.
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Clement, Deanna Marie, and n/a. "Distribution of Hector�s dolphin (Cephalorhynchus hectori) in relation to oceanographic features." University of Otago. Department of Zoology, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070221.122411.
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Hector�s dolphin (Cephalorhynchus hectori) is an endangered coastal species endemic to New Zealand. Their distribution, like other marine organisms, is intertwined with the dynamics of their local habitats, and at a larger scale, the coastal waters around New Zealand. The main purpose of this thesis was to identify specific habitat requirements of this rare dolphin.
Hector�s dolphin distribution around the South Island was quantified along several temporal and spatial scales. Large-scale density analyses of abundance surveys found over half of the South Island�s current population occurred within only three main regions. Two of these strongholds are along the west coast and the third is located around Banks Peninsula on the east coast. Smaller-scale analyses at Banks Peninsula found the majority of the dolphin community was preferentially using core regions within the marine mammal sanctuary. Monthly surveys showed that in summer and autumn statistically more dolphins occurred within inshore regions ([less than or equal to]one kilometre), spread throughout the surveyed coastline. From May through winter, dolphin densities rapidly declined. Remaining dolphins were significantly clumped in more offshore waters of eastern regions. The lowest encounter rates occurred between August and September. Certain 'hotspots' consistently had higher dolphin densities throughout the study period while others were preferred seasonally.
To address habitat preferences, surveys simultaneously collected oceanographic samples using a CTD profiler. In general, physical variables of the Peninsula�s eastern and southeastern waters varied less, despite being regularly exposed to upwellings and the varied presence of sub-tropical waters. Semi-sheltered bays and shallow inshore waters were highly variable and more susceptible to spatially discrete influences, such as localised river outflows and exchange events. Several hydrographic features were seasonally predictable due to their dependence on climate. The stratification and location of the two dominant water masses (neritic and sub-tropical) accounted for over half of the temporal and spatial variability observed in oceanographic data.
Possible relationships between oceanographic features and aggregations of dolphins within Banks Peninsula were examined using global regression and a spatial technique known as geographical weighted regression (GWR). GWR models out-performed corresponding global models, despite differences in degrees of freedom and increased model complexity. GWR results found relationships varied over localised scales that were concealed by global methods. Monthly GWR models suggested the seasonal presence and strength of local oceanographic fronts influenced dolphin distribution. Dolphin aggregations coincided with the steepest gradients between water masses along eastern regions of the Peninsula, and strong exchange events along the edges of the study area.
The continued survival of this endangered species is contingent on its protection. Long-term monitoring programmes are needed for the three main strongholds identified in this study. The occurrence of Hector�s dolphin 'hotspots' along frontal zones within Banks Peninsula also suggests alternative and increased protection strategies are needed for this sanctuary to be effective. In light of this thesis� findings and based on marine protection research, future sanctuaries need to consider why Hector�s dolphins are preferentially using particular regions and how their association with certain oceanographic features can help make informed decisions on more appropriate protected areas.
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黃信源. "Coast Guard law enforcement and the exploration on 'Detention' prpoviions of The Act Governing Relations between People of the Taiwan Area and the Mainland Area - as the core to the protection of human rights jurisprudence." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fpf3w7.
Full textBooks on the topic "Coastal Protection Act"
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US GOVERNMENT. Coastal Zone Protection Act of 1996. [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1996.
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GOVERNMENT, US. Coastal Barrier Resources Reauthorization Act of 2000. [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Connecticut Coastal Protection Act of 1990: Report (to accompany H.R. 3468). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Policy Research and Insurance. The Coastal Barrier Improvement Act of 1990. Washington [D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
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Works, United States Congress Senate Committee on Environment and Public. Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act: Report (to accompany S. 1731). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act: Report (to accompany S. 1731). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act: Report (to accompany S. 1731). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
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Section, Louisiana Coastal Restoration Division Federal Assistance. Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act: Summary of priority project lists 1-7. Baton Rouge: The Dept., 1998.
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GOVERNMENT, US. An Act to Redesignate the Coastal Barrier Resources System as the "John H. Chafee Coastal Barrier Resources System.". [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Coastal Barriers Resources Act amendments of 1990: Report (to accompany S. 2729). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Coastal Protection Act"
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Piccioli Resta, Giuseppe, Sergio Fai, and Andrea Picciolo. "Drone remote sensing for coastal habitats protection." In Proceedings e report, 451–61. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.45.
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Growing beach tourist vocation of Lecce province has led to an increase human pressures along its coasts, often on habitats of conservation interest. Ever-increasing erosion phenomena of sandy shoreline constantly requires fast and effective monitoring activities assessing the conservation status of dunes and shoreline. Remote sensing via RPAS is proving useful to identify phenomena that act on a small scale and supporting and implementing protective measures with an adaptive management approach. This work consists of a protocol for monitoring dune cordons and nearby shorelines through RPAS.
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Rizzardi, Keith W. "Marine Mammal Protection Act Implementation in an Era of Climate Change." In Climate Change Impacts on Ocean and Coastal Law, 193–214. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199368747.003.0010.
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Segal, Alexis K. "The Endangered Species Act and Marine Species Protection in the Climate Change Era." In Climate Change Impacts on Ocean and Coastal Law, 133–52. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199368747.003.0008.
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G., Moghanraj Yadhav, Balaguru Balakrishnan, and Nagamurugan N. "Protection of Indian Traditional Rice Varieties." In Intellectual Property Rights and the Protection of Traditional Knowledge, 158–81. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1835-9.ch008.
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The crop genetic diversity has been sustainably maintained by the farmers of different regions for generations through cross-breeding. Competition among commercial ventures has placed these traditional varieties under severe exploitation and pilferage. The Indian government, to preserve these traditional varieties, has established PPV and FRA (Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act), which are on par with Intellectual Patent Rights (IPR). This gives the rights and ownership of the crop breed and its characterization to the traditional farmers who developed it. The researchers along with VAANGHAI, an NGO, have represented the traditional farmers, who are growing and maintaining traditional crops in Cauvery River's coastal delta region in Tamil Nadu to characterize and register their varieties under PPV and FRA. This study has identified around 69 rice varieties and characterized them based on their uniqueness, distinctiveness, stability, uniformity, test trials, and adaptability potential. Most potential rice varieties were registered under this act.
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Robinson, Robb. "The Trawler Reserve and Minesweeping: January 1915–December 1917." In Fishermen, the Fishing Industry and the Great War at Sea, 44–64. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786941756.003.0004.
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This chapter focuses on minesweeping vessels in service in the seas around the British Isles in the early spring of 1915. It describes the domestic sphere of operations of trawlers and their crews that primarily focused on the east coast of England. It also mentions the minesweepers that sailed out of Scottish ports and provided protection for the Grand Fleet and other Royal Navy surface ships. The chapter looks at the disposition of the flotillas of fishermen and hired fishing vessels that reflected the main areas of German minelaying off the coasts of Britain in the first year of the Great War. It details the significant operations that had taken place off the eastern side of the Dogger Bank.
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DuLong, Jessica. "“Sell first, repent later.”." In Saved at the Seawall, 178–90. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501759123.003.0011.
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This chapter examines how Chelsea Piers facilities, located directly up the Westside Highway from Lower Manhattan, had served a major role in disaster response from the earliest hours of the 9/11 attacks. The piers offered water stations for people fleeing from downtown and became a key debarkation point for the waterborne evacuation, delivering more than 10,000 people off the island from its docks. Then, the following day, more than 30,000 people arrived to volunteer their help and connect with other New Yorkers. In the days that followed, thousands of uniformed personnel were fed in an events center at Pier 60, hundreds of rescuers slept and showered in Chelsea Piers facilities, and truckloads of donations and supplies were assembled and processed for delivery to the trade center site. By Wednesday, the flood of private citizens' donations had been supplemented with massive corporate contributions arriving in bulk. Meanwhile, the Coast Guard was confronted with two opposing missions: protecting potential targets of a second-wave attack and continuing commerce in a port that regularly handled approximately 6,000 inbound and outbound containers daily, the closure of which created complications worldwide.
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"Reducing the pathology of risk: Developing an integrated municipal coastal protection zone for the City of Cape Town: Darryl Colenbrander, Catherine Sutherland, Gregg Oelofse, Howard Gold and Sakhile Tsotsobe." In Climate Change at the City Scale, 196–215. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203112656-17.
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Cox, Adam B., and Cristina M. Rodríguez. "The Diplomatic Origins of Immigration Law." In The President and Immigration Law, 17–46. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190694364.003.0002.
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This chapter explores the origins of immigration law in the United States. Until the late nineteenth century Congress created few rules to govern immigration, beyond setting a uniform rule for naturalization. Instead, presidents facilitated immigration through the negotiation of commercial treaties that ensured reciprocal protections for foreign nationals in the United States and Americans abroad—first with nations in Europe, and later with China during the California Gold Rush. State and local governments simultaneously acted as de facto regulators through the use of their inspection and taxation powers. In the 1880s, however, circumstances changed. In response to growing resentment of Chinese immigration on the West Coast and pressure from eastern seaboard states struggling to manage immigrant flows, Congress finally enacted significant legislation, passing the Chinese Exclusion Acts and beginning the American experiment with immigration restriction. By the close of the twentieth century, foreign affairs and national defense were no longer necessary contexts for the assertion of broad presidential leadership or power. Presidents continued to rely on their foreign affairs powers to significant effect through World War II, and diplomacy remains relevant to immigration policy today. But the rise of the administrative state and the President’s role in steering an ever-expanding bureaucracy ultimately became the preeminent source of executive authority to control immigration law.
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Chaplin, Stephen J., and Hal M. Watson. "The Geography of Imperilment: Targeting Conservation toward Critical Biodiversity Areas." In Precious Heritage. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195125191.003.0012.
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The Lake Wales Ridge stretches out along Florida’s central spine, pointing southward like an arrow toward Lake Okeechobee and the Everglades beyond. The “river of grass,” as the Everglades are known, attracts visitors from around the world to experience this unique ecosystem and view its immense wildlife concentrations. Compared to its famous neighbor to the south, the Lake Wales Ridge is virtually unknown to the public. From a biological perspective, though, these low, scrub-covered sand hills are of perhaps greater interest than the immense wetlands of the Everglades, because the ancient sand dunes that form this ridge are home to some of the most distinctive and highly localized species in the world. Yet most of the scrub vegetation that supports these species has been destroyed, replaced by agriculture and housing developments: Only about 15% of this unique habitat remains (Menges 1997). Among the rarest of the ridge’s inhabitants is the Lake Placid scrub mint (Dicerandra frutescens), known from just a handful of localities. This mint produces chemicals that have a powerful deterrent effect on insects and that could provide the key to developing new forms of insect repellents useful to people (Eisner et al. 1990). Although these chemicals protect the mint from being devoured by insects, the plant has little protection against the development pressures that threaten it. Another resident of the ridge is the yellow scrub balm (Dicerandra christmanii), a closely related mint that has an even more restricted distribution. Both of these plants are regarded as critically imperiled (GI), and both are listed by the federal government as endangered. Sharing the Lake Wales Ridge with these rare plants is the Florida scrub jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens), a bird that is mostly restricted to the scrub along Florida’s central ridge but occurs in scattered locations along Florida’s Gulf and Atlantic Coasts as well. Florida scrub jays have the unusual characteristic of living in family groups. To survive in a particular location, these birds need a large enough area of suitable habitat to support a number of these family groupings. This species is regarded as vulnerable (G3) and listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act.
Conference papers on the topic "Coastal Protection Act"
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Dabelow, Steven, and Ning Zhang. "Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Coastal Wave Reduction and Sediment Retention Structure Using CFD Simulations." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69219.
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The Louisiana coast experiences significant erosion due to wave actions. There are wetlands and marshes located in the coastal areas, however loss of these wetlands is a major threat. Although coastal waves and floods cause erosion, they do carry sediments, which can potentially counter-act some of the wetland losses. Innovative shoreline protection designs that reduce the wave actions but still allow sediments to travel through could be very beneficial. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the wave reduction and sediment retention of several such designs using CFD simulations. CFD simulations were used to determine the alternations of the wave characteristics and the sediment transport with the designed structures. Small scale experiments of such designs will be conducted in a wave tank facility to validate the modeling results. The research aims to disclose the detailed physics of the flow and sediment transport in this complicated flow-structure interaction problems, and, based on the discoveries, we will provide suggestions to improve the current design to enhance the performance significantly.
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Fatta, Francesca, Andrea Marraffa, and Claudio Patanè. "Geometrie dello sguardo nel paesaggio calabrese." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11543.
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Geometries of the gaze in the Calabrian landscapeHaving lost their function of sighting as an instrument of strategic control, inclusion and protection from presumed pirate invasions, the coastal towers of Calabria Ultra, represented in the Diary of Wonders of the end of the sixteenth century, called Codice Romano Carratelli, will act as the key and device of the gaze that links the land to the expanse of water. A vast geometric, precise and linear system that will connect, through the gaze, the “terracqueo landscape”, unstable and multiform, continuously changing. The ninety-nine watercolour maps of the Codice are an immense heritage of clues, traces, geometries and measurements on which to think in order to bring to the surface of the earth, military tactics that have become latent in history as a palimpsest. The use of ancient and modern techniques of survey and graphic representation, want to accompany the contemporary traveler to turn his gaze towards new strategies of “reception”, rather than aversion of a silent landscape, where merge and mix. The “stratigraphies of the gaze” are sections perpendicular to the “horizontal plane” of a “living” landscape from which routes, artefacts, signs, traces, fragments of history can be distilled for a widespread cultural regeneration of the territory. The experimental character of this research, recounted in these pages, lies in the application of an innovative strategy of communication and information, based on the creation of cultural routes structured in museums, widespread or located on the coastal landscape of Calabria.
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Brunina, L., P. Rivza, and P. Skinke. "Coastal protection in Latvia." In Littoral 2010 – Adapting to Global Change at the Coast: Leadership, Innovation, and Investment. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/litt/201105005.
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Hsu, Tai-Wen, and Jen-Yi Chang. "Application of a Series of Submerged Breakwaters to Coastal Protection." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80231.
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The feasibility of a plenary of breakwater is explored through a combined program of a prototype field test. The breakwater consists of a series of low height, shore-parallel bars which are placed just outside the surf-zone. The incident wave field is strongly reflected when the incident wave length is equal to twice the distance between adjacent bars. The breakwater acts to shelter the beach against storm wave attack and to build a tombolo sand deposit behind the breakwater. Numerical results indicated that the Bragg reflection breakwater concept may have considerable merit, however, many paper tests served to demonstrate the many practical difficulties in implementing the concept.
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Helou, Alexander E., Kim Tran, and Cecile Buncio. "Energy Recovery From Municipal Solid Waste in California: Needs and Challenges." In 18th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec18-3568.
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Thermal technologies, such as gasification, pyrolysis, waste-to-energy (WTE), and advanced thermal recycling (second generation WTE with the most advanced air emission control system), can be employed to recover energy from municipal solid waste (MSW), reduce the volume of material to be landfilled, and lessen the potential emission of methane. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and a major component of landfill gas. All operating WTE facilities in the United States have been subjected to strict environmental regulations since the passage of the Clean Air Act Amendments in 1990. As a result, U.S. WTE facilities now meet or exceed stringent local air quality standards, including those imposed by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) in Southern California. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recognizes the important role of WTE in the integrated solid waste management and ranks combustion higher than landfilling in its solid waste management hierarchy. In addition to upstream source reduction and recycling, downstream thermal treatment of the residual MSW (conducted in controlled environment) can effectively recover energy and further reduce waste volume. Despite all the advantages and environmental benefits of thermal technologies, its utilization for treating MSW in California still faces many challenges. These include negative public perceptions, economical disadvantages, local marketability of by-products, and disposal options for residuals. This paper discusses the need to include energy recovery in the integrated MSW management in California and the challenges encountered by many local jurisdictions.
Reports on the topic "Coastal Protection Act"
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Bedford, Philip, Alexis Long, Thomas Long, Erin Milliken, Lauren Thomas, and Alexis Yelvington. Legal Mechanisms for Mitigating Flood Impacts in Texas Coastal Communities. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.mitigatingfloodimpactstx.
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Flooding is a major source of concern for Texas’ coastal communities. It affects the quality of infrastructure, the lives of citizens, and the ecological systems upon which coastal communities in Texas rely. To plan for and mitigate the impacts of flooding, Texas coastal communities may implement land use tools such as zoning, drainage utility systems, eminent domain, exactions, and easements. Additionally, these communities can benefit from understanding how flooding affects water quality and the tools available to restore water bodies to healthy water quality levels. Finally, implementing additional programs for education and ecotourism will help citizens develop knowledge of the impacts of flooding and ways to plan and mitigate for coastal flooding. Land use tools can help communities plan for and mitigate flooding. Section III addresses zoning, a land use tool that most municipalities already utilize to organize development. Zoning can help mitigate flooding, drainage, and water quality issues, which, Texas coastal communities continually battle. Section IV discusses municipal drainage utility systems, which are a mechanism available to municipalities to generate dedicated funds that can help offset costs associated with providing stormwater management. Section V addresses land use and revenue-building tools such as easements, eminent domain, and exactions, which are vital for maintaining existing and new developments in Texas coastal communities. Additionally, Section VI addresses conservation easements, which are a flexible tool that can enhance community resilience through increasing purchase power, establishing protected legal rights, and minimizing hazardous flood impacts. Maintaining good water quality is important for sustaining the diverse ecosystems located within and around Texas coastal communities. Water quality is regulated at the federal level through the Clean Water Act. As discussed in Section VII, the state of Texas is authorized to implement and enforce these regulations by implementing point source and nonpoint source pollutants programs, issuing permits, implementing stormwater discharge programs, collecting water quality data, and setting water quality standards. The state of Texas also assists local communities with implementing restorative programs, such as Watershed Protection Programs, to help local stakeholders restore impaired water bodies. Section VIII addresses ecotourism and how these distinct economic initiatives can help highlight the importance of ecosystem services to local communities. Section VIX discusses the role of education in improving awareness within the community and among visitors, and how making conscious decisions can allow coastal communities to protect their ecosystem and protect against flooding.
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Ding, Yan, Sung-Chan Kim, Rusty L. Permenter, Richard B. Styles, and Jeffery A. Gebert. Simulations of Shoreline Changes along the Delaware Coast. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39559.
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This technical report presents two applications of the GenCade model to simulate long-term shoreline evolution along the Delaware Coast driven by waves, inlet sediment transport, and longshore sediment transport. The simulations also include coastal protection practices such as periodic beach fills, post-storm nourishment, and sand bypassing. Two site-specific GenCade models were developed: one is for the coasts adjacent to the Indian River Inlet (IRI) and another is for Fenwick Island. In the first model, the sediment exchanges among the shoals and bars of the inlet were simulated by the Inlet Reservoir Model (IRM) in the GenCade. An inlet sediment transfer factor (γ) was derived from the IRM to quantify the capability of inlet sediment bypassing, measured by a rate of longshore sediments transferred across an inlet from the updrift side to the downdrift side. The second model for the Fenwick Island coast was validated by simulating an 11-y ear-long shoreline evolution driven by longshore sediment transport and periodic beach fills. Validation of the two models was achieved through evaluating statistical errors of simulations. The effects of the sand bypassing operation across the IRI and the beach fills in Fenwick Island were examined by comparing simulation results with and without those protection practices. Results of the study will benefit planning and management of coastal sediments at the sites.
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Hoy, Michael D. Herons and Egrets. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.7208742.ws.
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Herons and egrets commonly cause damage at aquaculture facilities and recreational fishing waters where fish are held at high densities. Fish-eating birds also can have an impact on intensively managed sport fisheries. Damage occurs when herons and egrets feed on fish purchased and released for recreational sport fishing activities. Values of these fish can be quite high given the intensity of management activities and the direct relationship of fishery quality to property value. Herons and egrets are freshwater or coastal birds of the family Ardeidae. Herons and egrets discussed in this section are all piscivorous. They are opportunistic feeders, however, and will consume small amphibians, insects, and reptiles. Due to these food preferences, herons and egrets are attracted to shallow lakes and human-made impoundments. Native bird species are covered under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and given federal protection. Depredation permits can be obtained through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In addition, individual states may require their own permits for legal take of these bird species.
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Bryant, Duncan, Mary Bryant, Jeremy Sharp, Gary Bell, and Christine Moore. The Response of Vegetated Dunes to Wave Attack. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41580.
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Vegetation is believed to increase the stability of dunes during wave attack, but limited data is available. A physical model study was performed to evaluate changes in the dune stability with and without biomass, both above and belowground. The above and belowground biomass was modeled using wooden dowels and coir fibers, respectively. For both the collision and overwash storm impact regimes, the results of this study clearly demonstrate that the inclusion of biomass in the model dune reduces the erosion and overwash. The combination of both above and belowground biomass was the most effective at reducing erosion followed by belowground biomass, with aboveground biomass providing the smallest benefit regardless of the wave condition and water level. Additionally, the overwash of sediment and water was decreased with the inclusion of biomass, following the same trends as the erosion. As the dune eroded, the storm impact regime transitioned from collision to overwash. The inclusion of biomass delays this transition in storm impact regime, providing greater protection to coastal communities. This study highlights the need to consider dune vegetation for dune construction and coastal planning.