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Journal articles on the topic 'Coastal biology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Zaini, Muhammad, and Muhammad Arsyad. "High School Students' Critical Thinking Skills through the Development of a Popular Book on Coastal Biology." BIO-INOVED : Jurnal Biologi-Inovasi Pendidikan 3, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/bino.v3i2.10139.

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The introduction of the potential of coastal biology as a local treasure is important for the general public and students. This study aims to describe the critical thinking skills of high school students through the development of a popular book on coastal biology. This study focuses on small group testing of the Tessmer development research design. The popular book on coastal biology was implemented at Abdul Kadir High School Penyipatan District Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The research subjects were three students of grade XII. Critical thinking skills are divided into several aspects according to Facione. The instrument used is student worksheet based on popular books on coastal biology. Data is calculated based on weight, then expressed as percent (%) according to the terms of 76-100% (very good), 51-75% (good), 26-50% (quite), <25% (less). The results showed that five aspects of students' critical thinking skills including interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and self-regulation were in good category, and the skills of doing analysis had increased. On the other hand, the skill of explaining has not shown any improvement.Abstrak Pengenalan potensi biologi pesisir sebagai kekayaan lokal penting bagi masyarakat umum dan siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeSkripsikan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMA melalui pengembangan buku popular biologi pesisir. Penelitian ini fokus pada uji kelompok kecil dari desain penelitian pengembangan Tessmer. Buku populer biologi pesisir diimplementasikan di SMA Abdul Kadir Kecamatan Penyipatan Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Subjek penelitian adalah tiga orang siswa kelas XII. Keterampilan berpikir kritis dibagi dalam beberapa aspek menurut Facione. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa LKPD berdasarkan buku popular biologi pesisir. Data dihitung berdasarkan bobot, kemudian dinyatakan dengan persen (%) sesuai dengan ketentuan 76-100% (baik sekali), 51-75% (baik), 26-50% (cukup), <25% (kurang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lima aspek keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa meliputi interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, inferensi, dan pengaturan diri memperoleh kategori baik, dan keterampilan melakukan analisis mengalami peningkatan. Sebaliknya, keterampilan melakukan eksplanasi belum menunjukkan perbaikan.

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2

Crawford, R. M. M. "The biology of coastal sand dunes." Annals of Botany 104, no. 2 (August 2009): vi—vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcp136.

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3

Day, John W., A. Eleftheriou, A. Ansell, and C. Smith. "Biology and Ecology of Shallow Coastal Waters." Estuaries 20, no. 3 (September 1997): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1352625.

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4

Drewitz, Jennifer J., and Joseph M. DiTomaso. "Seed biology of jubatagrass (Cortaderia jubata)." Weed Science 52, no. 4 (August 2004): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-03-081r.

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Jubatagrass is one of the most invasive nonnative species along sensitive natural coastal sites of California. This study was designed to understand the biology of reproduction and seed longevity under field conditions. Jubatagrass can produce over 100,000 wind-dispersed seeds from a single inflorescence. Seeds are produced apomictically, and germination is directly related to seed size. Of the total seeds produced, only 20 to 30% were of ample size to readily germinate when exposed to light and under a temperature range similar to coastal environments. Seeds not exposed to light also germinated but at about 30% the level of light-exposed seeds. This suggests that exposed disturbed coastal sites with moderate temperatures have high potential for germination and establishment of jubatagrass. The percentages of germinable and viable seeds were not significantly different, indicating that jubatagrass does not have a primary dormancy. This was supported by field experiments demonstrating that seeds do not persist under natural conditions for more than 6 mo. These results indicate that an intensive 1-yr control program targeting established seedlings and mature plants should sufficiently manage existing populations. However, effective long-term management of jubatagrass must focus on anticipating environments susceptible to invasion, reducing new seed recruitment, and preventing subsequent seed germination and seedling establishment.

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Shay, Kimberly R., and Donald R. Drake. "Pollination Biology of the Hawaiian Coastal VineJacquemontia sandwicensis(Convolvulaceae)." Pacific Science 72, no. 4 (October 2018): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2984/72.4.8.

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6

Sullivan, James M., Percy L. Donaghay, and Jan E. B. Rines. "Coastal thin layer dynamics: Consequences to biology and optics." Continental Shelf Research 30, no. 1 (January 2010): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2009.07.009.

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7

Ursi, Suzana, and Naomi Towata. "ENVIRONMENTAL PERCEPTION ABOUT MARINE AND COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS: EVALUATION THROUGH A RESEARCH INSTRUMENT BASED ON MODEL OF ECOLOGICAL VALUES." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 76, no. 3 (June 15, 2018): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/18.76.393.

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The first aim of research is to propose a research instrument based on Wiseman and Bogner’s Model of Ecological Values, the “Coastal Environment Questionnaire” (CEQ), specifically developed to evaluate the Environmental Perception about marine and coastal ecosystems. The second aim is to explore, using CEQ, the position on the categories from Model of Ecological Values of some basic education students and some pre-service biology teachers from cities located near coastal areas from Brazil. CEQ was modified from “The Environment Questionnaire” (TEQ), which consists of a questionnaire composed of 16 items with Likert-type responses. The first process to have elaborated the new instrument changed the general situations described in the items of TEQ (most related with land environments) to situations related to marine and coastal environments. CEQ has been used with: 63 pre-service biology teachers from a non-coastal city; 79 basic education students from a non-coastal city; and 74 basic education students from a coastal city. All pre-service teachers were placed at Preservation+Utilization- category (100%). However, most students were placed at the Preservation+Utilization- category (around 70%), followed by Preservation+Utilization+ (around 25%), regardless their city location. It is expected that CEQ can be useful on research aim to better understand the perception about marine and coastal environments, contributing to development and evaluation of future Environmental Educational program focus on these important ecosystems. Keywords: basic education students, Coastal Environment Questionnaire (CEQ), environmental perception, Model of Ecological Value, pre-service biology teachers.

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8

Figueiredo, Marcos de Souza Lima. "POPULATION BIOLOGY OF THE MELON CACTUS Melocactus violaceus subsp. violaceus (CACTACEAE) ON A BRAZILIAN SANDY COASTAL PLAIN." Oecologia Australis 20, no. 01 (April 2016): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4257/oeco.2016.2001.04.

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9

Driggers, W. B., D. A. Oakley, G. Ulrich, J. K. Carlson, B. J. Cullum, and J. M. Dean. "Reproductive biology ofCarcharhinus acronotusin the coastal waters of South Carolina." Journal of Fish Biology 64, no. 6 (June 2004): 1540–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00408.x.

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10

Beacham, Terry D., and Clyde B. Murray. "Variation in developmental biology of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) in British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 9 (September 1, 1989): 2081–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-297.

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Embryos and alevins of coastal-spawning and interior-spawning sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmon stocks in British Columbia were incubated under controlled water temperatures of 2, 4, 8, 12, and 15 °C. At low incubation temperatures, interior-spawning stocks of both species had smaller eggs and higher embryo survival rates than did coastal-spawning stocks. Interior-spawning stocks had faster developmental rates to alevin hatching and fry emergence than did coastal-spawning stocks. Interior-spawning stocks had proportionately larger alevins or fry at 2 °C (for sockeye salmon) or 4 °C (for chinook salmon) relative to their performance at 8 °C than did coastal-spawning stocks. Red-fleshed chinook salmon had higher embryo survival rates at 15 °C than did white-fleshed chinook salmon, as well as an indication of proportionately larger alevins or fry relative to the performance at lower incubation temperatures. Differences in developmental biology of interior- and coastal-spawning stocks may reflect adaptation to the thermal conditions experienced during development.

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11

Lee Smee, Delbert. "Coastal Ecology: Living Shorelines Reduce Coastal Erosion." Current Biology 29, no. 11 (June 2019): R411—R413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.044.

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12

Grobler, B. Adriaan, and Richard M. Cowling. "The composition, geography, biology and assembly of the coastal flora of the Cape Floristic Region." PeerJ 9 (August 11, 2021): e11916. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11916.

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The Cape Floristic Region (CFR) is globally recognized as a hotspot of plant diversity and endemism. Much of this diversity stems from radiations associated with infertile acid sands derived from sandstones of the geologically ancient Cape Fold Belt. These ancient montane floras acted as the source for most subsequent radiations on the Cape lowlands during the Oligocene (on silcretes) and Mio–Pliocene (on shales). The geomorphic evolution of the CFR during the Plio–Pleistocene led to the first large-scale occurrence of calcareous substrata (coastal dunes and calcarenites) along the Cape coast, providing novel habitats for plant colonization and ensuing evolution of the Cape coastal flora—the most recent diversification event in the Cape. Few studies have investigated the CFR’s dune and calcarenite floras, and fewer still have done so in an evolutionary context. Here, we present a unified flora of these coastal calcareous habitats of the CFR and analyze the taxonomic, biological and geographical traits of its component species to gain insights into its assembly. The Cape coastal flora, comprising 1,365 species, is taxonomically dominated by the Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Iridaceae, with Erica, Aspalathus and Agathosma being the most speciose genera. In terms of growth-form mix, there is a roughly equal split between herbaceous and woody species, the former dominated by geophytes and forbs, the latter by dwarf and low shrubs. Species associated with the Fynbos biome constitute the bulk of the flora, while the Subtropical Thicket and Wetland biomes also house a substantial number of species. The Cape coastal flora is a distinctly southern African assemblage, with 61% of species belonging to southern African lineages (including 35% of species with Cape affinity) and 59% being endemic to the CFR. Unique among floras from the Cape and coastal Mediterranean-climate regions is the relatively high proportion of species associated with tropical lineages, several of which are restricted to calcareous substrata of the CFR. The endemic, calcicolous component of the flora, constituting 40% of species, represents 6% of the Cape’s regional plant diversity—high tallies compared to other biodiversity hotspots. Most coastal-flora endemics emerged during the Plio–Pleistocene as a product of ecological speciation upon the colonization of calcareous substrata, with the calcifugous fynbos floras of montane acid substrata being the most significant source of this diversification, especially on the typically shallow soils of calcarenite landscapes. On the other hand, renosterveld floras, associated with edaphically benign soils that are widespread on the CFR lowlands, have not been a major source of lineages to the coastal flora. Our findings suggest that, over and above the strong pH gradient that exists on calcareous substrata, soil depth and texture may act as important edaphic filters to incorporating lineages from floras on juxtaposed substrata in the CFR.

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Dagang, Chen, Liu Changan, and Dou Shuozeng. "The biology of flatfish (Pleuronectinae) in the coastal waters of China." Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 29, no. 1-3 (June 1992): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(92)90005-y.

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14

Ramsey, M. "Floral Morphology, Biology and Sex Allocation in Disjunct Populations of Christmas Bells (Blandfordia grandiflora, Liliaceae) With Different Breeding Systems." Australian Journal of Botany 41, no. 6 (1993): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9930749.

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Evolutionary shifts in breeding systems are often accompanied by changes in reproductive attributes such as floral morphology and biology, and pre- and post-zygotic allocation patterns. The effects of breeding system variation on several such attributes were examined in self-fertile tableland and outcrossing coastal populations of Blandfordia grandiflora R. Br. In general, overall flower size was similar in both populations, although pedicel and pistil stipe diameters were greater in coastal plants, and pistil length and stigma-anther separation were greater in tableland plants. Although all floral parts from coastal flowers weighed more, proportional biomass allocation to floral parts was similar in both populations. Daily nectar production per flower was similar in both populations. Tableland flowers produced more ovules but fewer pollen grains than did coastal flowers. Pollen-ovule ratios were 11 500 in coastal flowers and 5600 in tableland flowers. Open-pollinated tableland fruits produced more seeds than coastal fruits, but individual seeds weighed less; total seed biomass of tableland fruits was greater than coastal fruits. Prezygotic relative male biomass did not differ significantly between populations. Relative male biomass, estimated from stamen and seed weights, was 5% greater in coastal plants, although populations did not differ significantly. Similarly, relative biomass allocation to pollinator attraction (i.e. coralla and nectar) did not differ between populations. The onset and duration of stigmatic receptivity and pollen longevity of flowers from the two populations were similar. The large differences in ovule, seed and pollen production supports sex allocation theory which predicts that in self-fertile plants resource allocation should be female biased whereas in outcrossing plants, allocation should be male biased. The lack of differences between the Christmas bell populations in other aspects of floral morphology, allocation pattterns and biology suggests that changes in ovule and pollen production precedes changes in other traits during the evolution of autonomous selfing. Overall, these findings suggest that tableland plants may have evolved self-fertility only recently and selection has had insufficient time to change floral traits. Alternatively, self-fertility may not have evolved recently and floral traits promoting outcrossing have been maintained by selection, imposed by inbreeding depression and/or overdominance.

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Cousins, Matthew M., Jeanne Briggs, and Ted Whitwell. "Beach Vitex (Vitex rotundifolia): Medicinal Properties, Biology, Invasive Characteristics and Management Options1." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 35, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/jeh-d-17-00008.1.

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Abstract Beach Vitex (BV) (Vitex rotundifolia-L. f.) has become a major invasive plant in the fragile beach ecosystems of the Carolinas. This prostrate, salt tolerant shrub from the Pacific Rim was introduced to the southeastern United States as a landscape plant. It has since established large-scale clonal monocultures through rapid vegetative reproduction. Concerns surrounding exclusion of native species and inhibition of sea turtle nesting have served as the impetus for control efforts of BV in coastal areas of southeastern US. In areas where it occurs naturally, native peoples have included BV in their pharmacopias for treatment of many ailments. The purpose of this review is to raise awareness of its invasive potential while serving as a compilation of information about the biology, ecology and medicinal properties of BV. Its potential beneficial uses indicate a need for further exploration and development of this plant but only in areas away from the coast. This plant is a major invasive problem in coastal areas for many reasons and must be dealt with quickly so that it will not become a larger problem. Imazapyr effectively controlled beach vitex in reported greenhouse and field studies applied either as a cut stem treatment or as a foliar spray. Index words: Carolina beaches, Coastal landscape plants, Herbicides, Invasive plants.

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Egbert, Mary E., and Roger A. Rulifson. "Age and growth, reproductive biology, and histology in Atlantic needlefish (Strongylura marina) in a coastal freshwater lake." Marine and Freshwater Research 68, no. 7 (2017): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16211.

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The Atlantic needlefish (Strongylura marina) is a coastal epipelagic species inhabiting shallow coastal waters along the western Atlantic coast from Maine to Brazil. Little has been published about the species due to lack of commercial or sport value. A population exists in Lake Mattamuskeet, a coastal lake connected to Pamlico Sound (NC, USA) via four man-made canals, and fish access is controlled by water-control structures. Herein we describe the life history and age and growth dynamics of the species in the lake. Based on anecdotal and state reports, we believe this species may exhibit anadromy. Sampling was from March to May 1997 and 1998, and from March to October 2001. We also collected from another coastal watershed to complete the length distribution. Spring adults had a high gonadosomatic index compared with autumn (fall) adults, which had atresia. No eggs or age-0 fish were captured in the lake during summer. The four length cohorts matched growth and back-calculated length at age. Otoliths were linearly related to fish length and were used for ageing and growth calculations. Although we found no direct evidence of spawning, data compilation suggests that Atlantic needlefish could be using this lake for reproduction.

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Kvist, Sebastian, Shaena A. Montanari, Hongyu Yi, Bella Fuks, and Mark E. Siddall. "Teaching Biodiversity & Evolutionary Biology in a North American Marine Coastal Environment." American Biology Teacher 73, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2011.73.2.4.

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The oceans are among the most biodiverse of Earth's environments. Introducing students to this diversity in the field provides an opportunity to examine the evolution of animals. We detail how readily a field-based biodiversity and evolution class can be designed and taught in a phyletically diverse marine setting in North America.

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Buys, Sandor C. "Nesting behaviour and larval biology of Sphex opacus Dahlbom (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) from Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 22, no. 3 (September 2005): 709–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81752005000300030.

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Aspects of the nesting behaviour of Sphex opacus Dahlbom, 1845 are presented for the first time, based on observations carried out in a coastal habitat from southeastern Brazil. Larval behaviour and development were studied in laboratorial conditions.

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VILLARD, PASCAL, THOMAS DUVAL, CHRISTIAN PAPINEAU, JEAN-JÉRÔME CASSAN, and JÉRÔME FUCHS. "Notes on the biology of the threatened Island Thrush Turdus poliocephalus xanthopus in New Caledonia." Bird Conservation International 29, no. 4 (March 5, 2019): 616–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270919000091.

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SummaryThree subspecies of Island Thrush Turdus poliocephalus were historically found in New Caledonia. All these subspecies were considered extinct until 1978, when T. p. xanthopus was rediscovered on two small islands, Néba (∼ 3.5 km2) and Yandé (∼ 13 km2). On Néba, we estimated the population at 44–58 individuals. This Island Thrush population is dependent on the coastal forest, the richest habitat for invertebrates. However, the coastal forest habitat has been degraded in quality and extent. The Island Thrush forages in the litter by removing leaves with its bill. Fruits (diameter < 10 mm), picked from trees and swallowed whole, are also a significant component of its diet. Néba and Yandé are currently free of two nest predator species, the black rat Rattus rattus and the New Caledonian Crow Corvus moneduloides. On Néba, a low breeding success rate of 15.4% was found. To ensure conservation of these relict thrush populations, two actions at least should be implemented: setting up a biosecurity programme to keep islands free of black rats and increasing the area of coastal forest. The latter could be done by cutting down coconut trees in abandoned groves and planting tree species used by the Island Thrush to provide shade, fruits, good leaf litter, and nest support.

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Appleby, Thomas, Susan Kinsey, Benedict Wheeler, and Emma Cunningham. "The marine biology of law and human health." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96, no. 1 (June 29, 2015): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415000909.

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This review uses a multidisciplinary approach to investigate legal issues concerning the oceans and human health. It firstly seeks to define the boundaries of oceans and human health research. We use three case studies as examples: biomedical research, marine litter and human well-being. Biomedical research raises complex issues relating to coastal states’ sovereign rights to exploit their marine resources and the patenting processes. Coastal states have differing degrees of control over research at sea. There are differences in EU and US law over the status of genetic discoveries, with the US having stricter criteria to qualify for patent protection. International law sets the standard for bioprospecting in developing countries under the Nagoya Protocol. The cost and complexity of marine biomedical research mean that it cannot be left to commercial exploration and needs some public funding. The second case study highlights the rise in marine plastics pollution using Marine Conservation Society beachwatch data. It details the need to alter product design to avoid marine pollution and records an unsuccessful attempt by academics and an NGO to make contact with the manufacturers of one polluting product. It also introduces the concept that faulty design could amount to a public nuisance. The third case study highlights the potential health benefits from access to the coast and the statutory responsibility which sits with the US and UK authorities in the provision of well-being. It posits that there needs to be greater inter-agency coordination to promote access to the coast for human well-being.

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Aryawati, Riris, Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen, Tri Prartono, and Hilda Zulkifli. "Harmful Algal in Banyuasin Coastal Waters, South Sumatera." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 8, no. 2 (September 19, 2016): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.6356.

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<p>Phytoplankton have important as food-chain major component and primary production of marine environment. However, high abundance of phytoplankton could give harmful effects toward water ecosystem. Moreover, they could produce toxic substances that will be accumulated within their consumer. This accumulation could be dangerous for human or animals.This research were aimed to determine and calculatespecies of harmful algae in Banyuasin coastal waters. The study was conducted on April, June, August, October and December of 2013, and in February 2014, at ten stations. Phytoplankton samples were taken vertically using plankton nets. In the form of cone-shaped with a diameter of 30 cm, length 100 cm and mesh size 30 μm.The result showed that there are 35 genera of phytoplankton. That have been found and consisted of four groups; Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae. 13 species were identified as Harmful Algal (Chaetoceros, Coscinodiscus, Nitzschia, Skeletonema, Thalassiosira, Alexandrium, Ceratium, Dinophysis, Noctiluca, Protoperidinium, Prorocentrum, Anabaena dan Oscillatoria), with seven of them were known for having toxin (Nitzschia, Alexandrium, Dinophysis, Protoperidinium Prorocentrum, Anabaena and Oscillatoria). Monitoring result showed that the highest number of species of potential harmful algal blooms (HABs) occured in June and the highest abundance occured in August, especially Chaetoceros and Skeletonema.</p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Aryawati, R., Bengen, D. G., Prartono, T., & Zulkifli, H. (2016). Harmful Algal in Banyuasin Coastal Waters, South Sumatera. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education</em>, 8(2), 231-239.</p>

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Jayaprakashvel, M., K. Sankar, M. Venkatramani, and A. Jaffar Hussain. "Morphometrics and Germrination Biology of Seeds from Two Coastal Sand Dune Plants of South East Coast of India." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 11, SE (October 30, 2014): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/1397.

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Griffin, Dale W., Kim A. Donaldson, John H. Paul, and Joan B. Rose. "Pathogenic Human Viruses in Coastal Waters." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 16, no. 1 (January 2003): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.16.1.129-143.2003.

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SUMMARY This review addresses both historical and recent investigations into viral contamination of marine waters. With the relatively recent emergence of molecular biology-based assays, a number of investigations have shown that pathogenic viruses are prevalent in marine waters being impacted by sewage. Research has shown that this group of fecal-oral viral pathogens (enteroviruses, hepatitis A viruses, Norwalk viruses, reoviruses, adenoviruses, rotaviruses, etc.) can cause a broad range of asymptomatic to severe gastrointestinal, respiratory, and eye, nose, ear, and skin infections in people exposed through recreational use of the water. The viruses and the nucleic acid signature survive for an extended period in the marine environment. One of the primary concerns of public health officials is the relationship between the presence of pathogens and the recreational risk to human health in polluted marine environments. While a number of studies have attempted to address this issue, the relationship is still poorly understood. A contributing factor to our lack of progress in the field has been the lack of sensitive methods to detect the broad range of both bacterial and viral pathogens. The application of new and advanced molecular methods will continue to contribute to our current state of knowledge in this emerging and important field.

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Krkošek, Martin. "Population biology of infectious diseases shared by wild and farmed fish." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 74, no. 4 (April 2017): 620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0379.

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Global fisheries landings ceased increasing decades ago, causing an increasing shortfall in wild seafood supply and an expansion of aquaculture. The abundance of domesticated fishes now dwarfs related wild fishes in some coastal seas, changing the dynamics of their infectious diseases. Transport and trade of seafood, feed, eggs, and broodstock bring pathogens into new regions and into contact with naïve hosts. Density-dependent transmission creates threshold effects where disease can abruptly switch from endemic to epizootic dynamics. Hydrodynamics allow pathogens to disperse broadly, interconnecting farms into metapopulations of domesticated host fish in regions that also support related species of wild fish. Spillover and spillback dynamics of pathogen transmission between wild and farmed fish can create novel transmission pathways or bioamplify pathogen abundance, potentially depressing or endangering wild fish. Mortality from natural predator–prey interactions may be synergistic or compensatory with these increased infections. Domestic environments may favour the evolution of undesirable pathogen traits, such as virulence and drug resistance, leading to the emergence of strains that cause high mortality and (or) evade treatment. Overall, these changes to the dynamics of infectious disease in coastal seas impose new constraints on the sustainability of both wild and farmed fish.

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MacDonald, Marilyn A., and Paul B. Cavers. "The biology of Canadian weeds.: 97. Barbarea vulgaris R.Br." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-016.

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Barbarea vulgaris R.Br. is an introduced weed of recently disturbed areas, small-seeded grain crops, roadsides and pastures. It is abundant in southern Ontario, Quebec and the northeastern U.S.A.; frequent in the Maritimes, British Columbia and the northwest coastal U.S.A.; and rare south of 33°N, north of 50°N and across the prairies. The weediness of this species largely results from its prolific seed production, enforced and induced seed dormancy, and its rapid growth under favourable conditions. Key words: Barbarea vulgaris, yellow rocket, weed biology

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Edritanti, Ouratul, Achmad Farajallah, and Yusli Wardiatno. "Reproductive Biology of Ovigerous Female Emerita emeritus (Crustacea, Decapoda) in Bengkulu Coastal Waters, Indonesia: Egg Production and Reproductive Output." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 74, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjf-2016-0018.

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Abstract Emerita emeritus is an abundant species in Bengkulu coastal waters, but the knowledge of its reproductive biology is poor. The present study was conducted to elucidate the reproductive aspects of ovigerous female E. emeritus, including fecundity, egg volume and reproductive output. This study was conducted between January 2015 and January 2016 in Bengkulu coastal waters, Indonesia. Samples were collected manually using shovels and hands. The results showed that ovigerous females occurred every month. Fecundity increased significantly in ovigerous females proportional to the size. No correlation was shown between sea surface temperature and egg production. Fecundity and reproductive output decreased throughout the embryonic development.

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Karsh, Kathryn, Edward Bush, Janice Hinson, and Pamela Blanchard. "Integrating Horticulture Biology and Environmental Coastal Issues into the Middle School Science Curriculum." HortTechnology 19, no. 4 (January 2009): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.19.4.813.

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Encouraging students to become better stewards of the environment and to be more educated in science content knowledge is an important goal of today's educational leaders. Eight lessons were created to aid an established stewardship program (Coastal Roots) in introducing hands-on activities to middle school children in southern Louisiana. Students were tested on science content in the lessons using a pre-test, eight multiple choice quizzes (each focusing on a particular lesson), and a post-test. The “children's attitudes toward the environment scale” test was administered to evaluate environmental awareness changes in the treatment and control group students. Students who received the horticulture lessons improved their post-test scores by 11.4 points (P ≤ 0.05) in the first year and 25.07 points (P ≤ 0.0001) in the second year of the study. Significant increases in individual lessons were found both years. In the second year, students who received the lessons were more aware of their role in the environment than those who did not receive the additional lessons (P ≤ 0.01). The addition of horticulture lessons to the middle school curriculum enhanced student knowledge and stewardship of the environment.

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28

Dos Santos Filho, Luiz Gonzaga Alves, Sidely Gil Alves Vieira Dos Santos, João Marcos De Góes, and Lissandra Corrêa Fernandes-Góes. "POPULATION BIOLOGY OF Panopeus lacustris DESBONNE 1867 ( BRACHYURA: PANOPEIDAE ) IN PIAUÍ COASTAL, BRAZIL." Arquivos de Ciências do Mar 50, no. 2 (August 20, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32360/acmar.v50i2.31146.

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Os espécimes de Panopeus lacustris foram identificados, separados quanto ao sexo e mensurados para obtenção das seguintes dimensões: largura da carapaça, comprimento da carapaça, altura do corpo, comprimento do maior quelípodo, largura do maior quelípodo, altura do maior quelípodo, largura do abdômen, e comprimento do gonopódio. O tamanho médio da largura de carapaça e o peso médio diferiram estatisticamente entre os sexos. Os machos foram mais frequentes na classe 22,41 |-- 25,75, e as fêmeas na classe 19,06 |-- 22,41. Os dados biométricos foram submetidos a uma regressão, utilizando-se uma função do tipo potência (y=axb). A LC com a qual ocorre a maturação sexual morfológica é de 12,32 mm em machos e de 12,00 mm em fêmeas. Constatou-se que 50% dos machos apresentam-se maduros fisiologicamente com 11,35 mm de LC e as fêmeas com 10,61 mm. A razão sexual para o total de caranguejos examinados foi 1:1,15 (machos:fêmeas). Os dados coletados sugerem que o período reprodutivo dessa espécie é contínuo. Os resultados encontrados no presente estudo são comuns para populações de Brachyura, e indicam que a população de P. lacustris se encontra estável no ambiente.

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29

NDIAYE, Ismaïla, Alassane SARR, Alioune FAYE, Modou THIAW, Malick DIOUF, Kamarel BA, Waly NDIAYE, Najih LAZAR, and Omar Thiom THIAW. "Reproductive Biology of Round Sardinella (Sardinella Aurita) (Valenciennes, 1847) in Senegalese Coastal Waters." Journal of Biology and Life Science 9, no. 1 (January 25, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v9i1.12222.

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In this study, a total of 1068 specimens Sardinella aurita of which 553 females and 515 males were examined. The objectif of this study was to determine the reproductive parameters of Sardinella aurita. The sex ratio was significantly in favor of females (55%). The size at first sexual maturity was estimated at 18.9 cm for females and 18.0 cm for males. The monthly variation of sexual maturity stages and gonado-somatic index (GSI) allowed to locate the reproduction periods from February to June and from September to December. The mean absolute fecundity was estimated at 110.794 ± 7582 oocytes whereas relative fecundity was about 422 ± 26 oocytes per gram of female.

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30

Tang, K. W., Q. C. Chen, and C. K. Wong. "Distribution and biology of marine cladocerans in the coastal waters of southern China." Hydrobiologia 307, no. 1-3 (July 1995): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00032001.

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31

Kolpakov, N. V., and N. T. Dolganova. "On the biology of Blepsias cirrhosus (Hemitripteridae) from coastal waters of northern Primorye." Journal of Ichthyology 46, no. 6 (July 2006): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0032945206060063.

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32

DA SILVA, FABIANA O., BLANDINA F. VIANA, and CLAUDIA M. JACOBI. "Floral biology of Eriope blanchetii (Lamiaceae) in coastal sand dunes of NE Brazil." Austral Ecology 30, no. 3 (May 2005): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2005.01443.x.

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33

Llorens, Ll, L. Gil, and H. Boira. "Reproductive biology of Launaea cervicornis: A keystone species of the Balearic coastal shrublands." Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 204, no. 6 (January 2009): 456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2008.05.007.

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34

Yuan, Qing Min, Cong Cong Qin, and Dong Feng. "Competition Analysis of Marine Industry in Coastal Provinces in China Based on Niche Theory." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.35.

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Apply Niche Theory to give a comprehensive analysis of the marine industry niche present status. Explain marine economic development situation and overall features in coastal provinces from three perspectives of niche strength, niche width and niche overlap, specifically using biology quantitative models: Shannon-Wiener index and Pianka formula etc. Ultimately, based on the marine industry niche quantitative analysis and evaluation, the industrial structure and general characteristics of marine economy development in coastal provinces in China can be exactly explained.

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35

Buys, Sandor C. "Nesting behaviour and larval biology of Prionyx fervens (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae) from Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 23, no. 2 (June 2006): 311–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81752006000200001.

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The nesting behaviour of Prionyx fervens (Linnaeus, 1758) is described, based on one nesting female observed in a coastal environment from southeastern Brazil. One prey bearing a wasp's egg was created in laboratorial conditions and aspects of the larval behaviour and development are described. Schistocerca cancellata (Serville, 1838) (Caelifera, Acrididae) was found as prey.

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36

Satheesh, S., and S. Godwin Wesley. "Breeding biology of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite (Crustacea: Cirripedia): influence of environmental factors in a tropical coast." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89, no. 6 (June 3, 2009): 1203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315409000228.

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Barnacles are the common fouling organisms encountered in coastal waters around the world. In the present study, breeding biology of the intertidal barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite (=Balanus amphitrite) was studied for a period of two years (July 2003 to June 2005) in the Kudankulam coastal waters. Results showed that A. amphitrite breeds throughout the year in the study area. A high percentage of individuals with free nauplii in the mantle cavity was observed during March 2004 (47.6%) and May 2004 (41.7%). Barnacles with fertilized eggs in the ovary were high during November 2004 (56%), March 2005 (46.7%) and April 2005 (42.8%). Overall, a peak breeding activity was observed during the March–May period. The breeding activity showed a significant positive correlation with surface water temperature and phytoplankton abundance.

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37

Adams, Tim. "Coastal marine resource management in the Pacific region." Pacific Conservation Biology 1, no. 2 (1994): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc940083.

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The inaugural issue of Pacific Conservation Biology - A journal devoted to conservation and land management in the Pacific region contained some discussion of conflict between indigenous and Eurocentric attitudes to conservation. Ironically, a major conflict between indigenous and Eurocentric attitudes is illustrated by the secondary title of the journal itself. This conflict is not so much in the concept of conservation which, to the subsistence-level human components of the species-poor ecosystems of the insular Pacific, is a matter of pragmatic commonsense, but in the concept of "land" management. For most small-island peoples, there is no sharp dividing line between the land and the sea and "land" management is but a facet of "marine" management, and vice-versa. On the borderline between Melanesia and Polynesia, they have an appropriate word for this concept, the vanua, which labels the totality of terrestrial/marine space and resources available to a given sub-unit of the human population.

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38

HOWDEN, ANNE T. "The species of Pandeleteius Schoenherr of coastal Chile and Peru (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)." Zootaxa 1773, no. 1 (May 21, 2008): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1773.1.5.

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The taxonomy and biology of Pandeleteius variegatus (Pierce) and Pandeleteius baccharis Kuschel living along the arid coast of Peru and Chile is reviewed. Genitalia of both species are illustrated. Another two species recorded from this area are known only from their descriptions.

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39

COGONI, Donatella, Giuseppe FENU, and Gianluigi BACCHETTA. "Reproductive biology of the narrow endemic Anchusa littoreaMoris (Boraginaceae), an endangered coastal Mediterranean plant." TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY 39 (2015): 642–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/bot-1403-16.

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40

Schew, William A., Charles T. Collins, and Thomas E. Harvey. "Growth and Breeding Biology of Caspian Terns (Sterna caspia) in Two Coastal California Environments." Colonial Waterbirds 17, no. 2 (1994): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1521293.

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41

Castro, L. R., P. A. Bernal, and V. A. Troncoso. "Coastal intrusion of copepods: mechanisms and consequences on the population biology of Rhincalanus nasutus." Journal of Plankton Research 15, no. 5 (1993): 501–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/15.5.501.

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42

FREITAS, A. V. L., and R. R. RAMOS. "Population biology of Parides anchises nephalion (Papilionidae) in a coastal site in Southeast Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 61, no. 4 (November 2001): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842001000400011.

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A population of Parides anchises nephalion was studied during seven months in SE Brazil. The population size was about 10-20 individuals (with theoretic maximum near 60 individuals), with small variations in some months. Sex ratio was male biased, with males dominating in all months. The age structure was not stable, with an increase in new individuals before the population peak in December. The residence time was 14.1 ± 8.2 days for males and 9.0 ± 3.6 to females, with the maximum registered of 30 days. Males can travel distances of up to 400 m, but most individuals were always recaptured in the same site. The mean forewing length was greater in females. The population features agree with those found in other species of Parides in other neotropical sites.

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43

Schiel, David R. "Coastal biology and the New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 1967–91." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 25, no. 4 (December 1991): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1991.9516494.

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44

Wang, S. B., and C. T. Chen. "Reproductive biology of Japanese butterfish Psenopsis anomala (Stromateidae) from coastal waters of northeastern Taiwan." Fisheries Research 23, no. 1-2 (May 1995): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(94)00335-t.

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45

Friend, Patrick L., and Carl L. Amos. "Natural coastal mechanisms — flume and field experiments on links between biology, sediments, and flow." Continental Shelf Research 27, no. 8 (May 2007): 1017–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2006.12.008.

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46

Veale, Lauren J., Peter G. Coulson, Norman G. Hall, and Ian C. Potter. "Biology of a marine estuarine-opportunist fish species in a microtidal estuary, including comparisons among decades and with coastal waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 8 (2016): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14401.

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The biological characteristics of a marine and macrophyte-associated species (Pelates octolineatus) in a large microtidal, eutrophic estuary in 2008–10 were determined. Comparisons are made with those of individuals remaining in coastal waters and during two earlier periods in the estuary when plant biomass differed markedly. P. octolineatus start entering the Peel–Harvey Estuary in mid-summer, soon after metamorphosis, with many remaining there until autumn when they are ~15 months old. These individuals, and older fish that re-entered the estuary in summer, then return to the sea where they spawn from late spring to early summer. Most P. octolineatus in the estuary were less than or equal to the length at maturity and all were <4 years old, whereas individuals up to 10 years old were caught in coastal embayments, emphasising that the estuary acts mainly as a nursery for this terapontid. Growth in the estuary was seasonal and peaked earlier and was greater than in marine waters. Abundance of P. octolineatus in the estuary was greater in 2008–10 and 1980–81 than in 1996–97, when macrophytes were less abundant. The results demonstrate how a marine estuarine-opportunist can benefit from using both estuaries and coastal waters as a nursery area and capitalise on variations in environmental conditions.

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47

Shaw, John. "Geomorphic Evidence of Postglacial Terrestrial Environments on Atlantic Canadian Continental Shelves." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 59, no. 2-3 (April 4, 2007): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/014752ar.

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Abstract Changes in the geography of Atlantic Canada since the last glacial maximum (LGM) are grouped into three phases. The first phase (LGM – ca. 13 ka BP) commences with glaciers at the edge of the continental shelves, and ends with the glaciers having retreated to near modern coasts. In the second phase (ca. 13 ka BP‑10 ka BP), glaciers were mainly on land; on the continental shelves there were scattered small ice caps and an outer-shelf archipelago. Early in phase three, beginning ca. 10 ka BP, glaciers were largely absent, and the archipelago was gradually submerging; elsewhere, falling relative sea levels caused emergence. Multibeam sonar mapping has revealed the geomorphic evidence of submerged terrestrial environments of phases II and III, including fluvial, deltaic, and coastal systems. The best-preserved fluvial systems are in Northumberland Strait and the Bras d’Or Lakes. Elsewhere, multibeam bathymetric data allow discrimination between fluvial and non-fluvial channels. Deltas were mainly preserved in the special circumstances of Newfoundland fjords. Submerged coastal systems are common in the Bras d’Or Lakes, but rare elsewhere. Landscape preservation is ascribed to special circumstances. Paleogeographic reconstructions have applications in the field of evolutionary biology and archaeology.

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48

Munks, S. "The Breeding biology of Pseudocheirus peregrinus viverrinus on FLinders ISland, Bass Strait." Wildlife Research 22, no. 4 (1995): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9950521.

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Reproduction in Pseudocheirus peregrinus viverrinus in coastal teatree woodland on Flinders Island was seasonal. The main birth season was from May to August. The mean duration of lactation was 29 weeks. The duration of lactation for multiparous females that bred twice in a year was significantly shorter than that of multiparous single breeders. In general the young left the pouch during early spring and were fully weaned by the early summer months. In contrast to populations of P. peregrinus inhabiting similar woodland in Victoria only a few multiparous females (6-9%) gave birth to a second litter in the springlsummer months on Flinders Island. The mean litter size (1.84) and annual fecundity of the population (1.91 offspring per female) were lower than those reported for three populations of Pseudocheirus peregrinus in Victoria. It is suggested that the low occurrence of spring/summer births and low fecundity of P. p. viverrinus on Flinders Island may be related to the age and nutrient status of their coastal teatree forest habitat. The body mass of P. p. viverrinus was higher than previously recorded for P. peregrinus. The adult body mass of females ranged from 948 to 1082 g. Adults showed seasonal variation in body mass with most females losing weight during the late spring and summer months coincident with late lactation. It is proposed that the larger body size of P. p. viverrinus on Flinders Island is a result of release from predation pressure and/or interspecific competition.

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49

Niamaimandi, Nassir, Arshad Aziz, Daud Siti Khalijah, Saed Che Roos, and Bahram Kiabi. "Reproductive biology of the green tiger prawn (Penaeus semisulcatus) in coastal waters of Bushehr, Persian Gulf." ICES Journal of Marine Science 65, no. 9 (October 20, 2008): 1593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn172.

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Abstract Niamaimandi, N., Aziz, A., Siti Khalijah, D., Che Roos, S. and Kiabi, B. 2008. Reproductive biology of the green tiger prawn (Penaeus semisulcatus) in coastal waters of Bushehr, Persian Gulf. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1593–1599. The reproductive cycle of the green tiger prawn (Penaeus semisulcatus) was investigated in the coastal waters of Bushehr, Iran, Persian Gulf, from January 2003 to March 2004, with the aim of determining spawning seasons, durations, and locations in those waters. Bushehr waters are one of the main fishing grounds for P. semisulcatus in the Persian Gulf. Spawning peaks between December and March, but there is also some spawning in October. The minimum size at maturity was 24 mm carapace length (CL), and 50% were mature at 40 mm CL. The proportion of females that mated increased sharply above this size (40 mm), with 90% of females sexually mature at 54 mm CL. Spawning took place in a limited part of the study area, mostly offshore. Overexploiting the spawning stock could result in reduced reproductive output, limiting fishery production.

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50

Bhagawati, Dian, Sutrisno Anggoro, Mohammad Zainuri, and Lachmudin Sya'rani. "Ethnotaxonomical Study of Mole Crab (Crustacea:Hippoidea) on Coastal Community of Cilacap." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 8, no. 2 (September 19, 2016): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.6491.

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<p>Local wisdom is a cultural heritage that needs to be preserved. The Cilacap’s coastal communities have traditional taxonomy knowledge that hasn’t been informed, especially about mole crab. This study aimed to explore the ethnotaxonomy knowledge of sand crabs (Crustacea: Hippoidea) in Widarapayung coastal communities. The purposive snowball sampling was used for the method, followed by observation and semi-structured interviews with 30 respondents. Data were analyzed descriptively based on observations and interviews. The results showed that the coastal communities in Widarapayung tourist areas could be divided into five groups, namely catchers, collectors, processors, traders, and consumers. The catcher was able to recognize and describe three types of sand crabs based on the shape of the body and their catchment areas. Captured crabs had the local name of ‘yutuk jambe’ (<em>Emerita emeritus</em> Linnaeus 1767), the appellation was based on carapace shape that resembled the shape of areca fruit; ‘Yutuk bathok’ (<em>Hippa adactyla</em> Fabricius 1787), had the carapace shape resembling a coconut shell, and ‘yutuk Kethek’ (<em>Albunea symmysta</em> Linnaeus 1758), had ornaments on the carapace surface similar with a monkey face, there were dense setae on the edge of the carapace, spiny long antennas and aggressively pinch when captured. The knowledge and skills of sand crabs classification and local name entitlement acquired by the people were in accordance with the Berlin’s model. </p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Bhagawati, D., Anggoro, S., Zainuri, M. & Sya’rani, L. (2016). Ethnotaxonomical Study of Mole Crab (Crustacea:Hippoidea) on Coastal Community of Cilacap. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education</em>, 8(2), 222-230.</p>

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