Relevant bibliographies by topics / Coagulation and condensation structures

Academic literature on the topic 'Coagulation and condensation structures'

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Published: 30 May 2022
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Journal articles on the topic "Coagulation and condensation structures"

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Kärcher, B. "Simulating gas-aerosol-cirrus interactions: Process-oriented microphysical model and applications." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 3, no. 4 (July 29, 2003): 4129–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-3-4129-2003.

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Abstract. This work describes a process-oriented, microphysical-chemical model to simulate the formation and evolution of aerosols and ice crystals under the conditions prevailing in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The model can be run as a box model or along atmospheric trajectories, and considers mixing, gas phase chemistry of aerosol precursors, binary homogeneous aerosol nucleation, homogeneous and heterogeneous ice nucleation, coagulation, condensation and dissolution, gas retention during particle freezing, gas trapping in growing ice crystals, and reverse processes. Chemical equations are solved iteratively using a second order implicit integration method. Gas-particle interactions and coagulation are treated over various size structures, with fully mass conserving and non-iterative numerical solution schemes. Particle types include quinternary aqueous solutions composed of H2SO4, HNO3, HCl, and HBr with and without insoluble components, insoluble aerosol particles, and spherical or columnar ice crystals deriving from each aerosol type separately. Three case studies are discussed in detail to demonstrate the potential of the model to simulate real atmospheric processes and to highlight current research topics concerning aerosol and cirrus formation near the tropopause. Emphasis is placed on how the formation of cirrus clouds and the scavenging on nitric acid in cirrus depends on small-scale temperature fluctuations and the presence of efficient ice nuclei in the tropopause region, corroborating and partly extending the findings of previous studies.
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Kärcher, B. "Simulating gas-aerosol-cirrus interactions: Process-oriented microphysical model and applications." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3, no. 5 (October 7, 2003): 1645–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1645-2003.

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Abstract. This work describes a process-oriented, microphysical-chemical model to simulate the formation and evolution of aerosols and ice crystals under the conditions prevailing in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The model can be run as a box model or along atmospheric trajectories, and considers mixing, gas phase chemistry of aerosol precursors, binary homogeneous aerosol nucleation, homogeneous and heterogeneous ice nucleation, coagulation, condensation and dissolution, gas retention during particle freezing, gas trapping in growing ice crystals, and reverse processes. Chemical equations are solved iteratively using a second order implicit integration method. Gas-particle interactions and coagulation are treated over various size structures, with fully mass conserving and non-iterative numerical solution schemes. Particle types include quinternary aqueous solutions composed of H2SO4, HNO3, HCl, and HBr with and without insoluble components, insoluble aerosol particles, and spherical or columnar ice crystals deriving from each aerosol type separately. Three case studies are discussed in detail to demonstrate the potential of the model to simulate real atmospheric processes and to highlight current research topics concerning aerosol and cirrus formation near the tropopause. Emphasis is placed on how the formation of cirrus clouds and the scavenging of nitric acid in cirrus depends on small-scale temperature fluctuations and the presence of efficient ice nuclei in the tropopause region, corroborating and partly extending the findings of previous studies.
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Owen, James E. "Snow lines can be thermally unstable." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495, no. 3 (January 2020): 3160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1309.

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ABSTRACT Volatile species in protoplanetary discs can undergo a phase change from vapour to solid. These ‘snow lines’ can play vital roles in planet formation at all scales, from dust coagulation to planetary migration. In the outer regions of protoplanetary discs, the temperature profile is set by the absorption of reprocessed stellar light by the solids. Further, the temperature profile sets the distribution of solids through sublimation and condensation at various snow lines. Hence, the snow line position depends on the temperature profile and vice versa. We show that this coupling can be thermally unstable, such that a patch of the disc at a snow line will produce either runaway sublimation or condensation. This thermal instability arises at moderate optical depths, where heating by absorption of reprocessed stellar light from the disc’s atmosphere is optically thick, yet cooling is optically thin. Since volatiles in the solid phase drift much faster than volatiles in the vapour phase, this thermal instability results in a limit cycle. The snow line progressively moves in, condensing volatiles, before receding, as the volatiles sublimate. Using numerical simulations, we study the evolution of the carbon monoxide (CO) snow line. We find the CO snow line is thermally unstable under typical disc conditions and evolves inwards from ∼50 to ∼30 au on time-scales from 1000 to 10 000 yr. The CO snow line spends between ${\sim}10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}\,\mathrm{ and}\,50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of its time at smaller separations, where the exact value is sensitive to the total opacity and turbulent viscosity. The evolving snow line also creates ring-like structures in the solid distribution interior to the snow line. Multiple ring-like structures created by moving snow lines could potentially explain the substructures seen in many ALMA images.
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Adachi, K., and P. R. Buseck. "Internally mixed soot, sulfates, and organic matter in aerosol particles from Mexico City." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 21 (November 13, 2008): 6469–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-6469-2008.

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Abstract. Soot particles, which are aggregated carbonaceous spherules with graphitic structures, are major aerosol constituents that result from burning of fossil fuel, biofuel, and biomass. Their properties commonly change through reaction with other particles or gases, resulting in complex internal mixtures. Using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) for both imaging and chemical analysis, we measured ~8000 particles (25 samples) with aerodynamic diameters from 0.05 to 0.3 μm that were collected in March 2006 from aircraft over Mexico City (MC) and adjacent areas. Most particles are coated, consist of aggregates, or both. For example, almost all analyzed particles contain S and 70% also contain K, suggesting coagulation and condensation of sulfates and particles derived from biomass and biofuel burning. In the MC plumes, over half of all particles contained soot coated by organic matter and sulfates. The median value of the soot volume fraction in such coated particles is about 15%. In contrast to the assumptions used in many climate models, the soot particles did not become compact even when coated. Moreover, about 80% by volume of the particles consisting of organic matter with sulfate also contained soot, indicating the important role of soot in the formation of secondary aerosol particles. Coatings on soot particles can amplify their light absorption, and coagulation with sulfates changes their hygroscopic properties, resulting in shorter lifetimes. Through changes in their optical and hygroscopic properties, internally mixed soot particles have a greater effect on the regional climate of MC than uncoated soot particles.
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Korneyeva, E. V., G. I. Berdov, and S. A. Sozinov. "FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF A CEMENTLESS MATRIX COMPOSITE BASED ON MECHANICALLY ACTIVATED TECHNOGENIC RAW MATERIALS." Construction and Geotechnics 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9826/2020.1.10.

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The creation of composite materials using mechanically activated technogenic raw materials is relevant today as part of a large-scale task of construction and technological utilization of technogenic formations. The change in the crystal structure using mechanochemistry increases the activity of technogenic products: the number of coagulation contacts of dissimilar particles increases, increases the plastic strength of the hardening mixture, formation of hydration products is accelerated. The article is devoted to the study of the mechanism of structural and rheological transformations of a cementless hardening system based on activated steelmaking. Steel melting slags were used as raw materials - energy-saturated large-capacity waste of the West-Siberian Metallurgical Combine (Novokuznetsk). As components - activators - waste from the coal industry of the «Abashevskaya» mine (Novokuznetsk) - burnt rocks with heaps and slimes, obtained by neutralization of spent acid battery electrolytes with lime batteries for industrial vehicles. Based on used mechanically activated technogenic raw materials the binder composite material of the matrix structure is obtained. To assess structural and material changes in the hardening system comprehensive physical and chemical studies were carried out: IR - spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and x-ray phase analysis. Electron microscopy investigated the structure of the stone. It was found that the matrix structure of the composite material is a dispersion medium - matrix of dense fine-grained masses calcium sulfate hydrate; dispersed phase from lamellar crystals of quartz and magnesium oxide, and tubular crystals of calcium orthosilicate; and transitional interfacial layer from structured grains of calcium hydrosulfoaluminate. In the process of forming the structure interdependence of phases from each other was accompanied by a sequential transition of some types of structures to others: coagulation→ crystallization- condensation→ crystallization. The article presents the results of the self-organization of the structure, the interaction of oxide systems in the process of hydration is considered, major mineral neoplasms are established, possessing astringent properties and providing strong bonds between structure-forming components.
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Курбатов, Vladimir Kurbatov, Комарова, and Natalya Komarova. "DISPERSE RAW MIXES, THEIR FEATURES OF CAPILLARY STRUCTURIZATION." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 2, no. 1 (December 8, 2016): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/24087.

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In space and in time the structure of any material continuously undergoes changes, to it, in particular, the constant movement of elementary particles, atoms, molecules, interaction of material with the environment promote. For example, almost all construction materials and their raw mixes, at least, at the microlevel, represent the microheterogeneous disperse systems consisting several phases to which number the liquid component belongs. The nature of structure of such systems in many respects is de-fined by character and size of communications or forces of adhesion between structural elements (microparticles, grains, etc.). Depending on the nature of these communications in disperse systems allocate strong phase contacts in condensation or crystallizational structures of disperse materials, direct atomic contacts in dry powders and rather weak forces of molecular interaction operating between particles through layers of a liquid phase in coagulative structures. Besides the types of interactions and the relevant structures considered above it is necessary to allocate such important interactions as capillary, shown in three-phase (firm - liquid - gas) disperse systems to which the majority raw (concrete, the rastvornykh, silicate, etc.) mixes for production of construction composite materials belongs, for example.
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Lushnikov, A. A., and M. Kulmala. "New selfpreserving regimes of coagulation-condensation." Journal of Aerosol Science 32 (September 2001): 981–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-8502(01)00138-0.

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Maetzing, H., W. Baumann, and H. R. Paur. "Bimodal aerosol coagulation with simultaneous condensation/evaporation." Journal of Aerosol Science 27 (September 1996): S363—S364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(96)00254-6.

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Sinaiskii, �. G., and V. N. Men'shov. "Drop condensation and coagulation during gas throttling." Journal of Engineering Physics 52, no. 1 (January 1987): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00870194.

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Garrick, Sean C. "Growth Mechanisms of Nanostructured Titania in Turbulent Reacting Flows." Journal of Nanotechnology 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/642014.

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Titanium dioxide (titania) is used in chemical sensors, pigments, and paints and holds promise as an antimicrobial agent. This is due to its photoinduced activity and, in nanostructured form, its high specific surface area. Particle size and surface area result from the interplay of fluid, chemical, and thermal dynamics as well as nucleation, condensation and coagulation. After nucleation, condensation, and coagulation are the dominant phenomena affecting the particle size distribution. Manufacture of nanostructured titania via gas-phase synthesis often occurs under turbulent flow conditions. This study examines the competition between coagulation and condensation in the growth of nanostructured titania. Direct numerical simulation is utilized in simulating the hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride to produce titania in a turbulent, planar jet. The fluid, chemical, and particle fields are resolved as a function of space and time. As a result, knowledge of titania is available as a function of space, time, and phase (vapor or particle), facilitating the analysis of the particle dynamics by mechanism. Results show that in the proximal region of the jet nucleation and condensation are the dominant mechanisms. However once the jet potential core collapses and turbulent mixing begins, coagulation is the dominant mechanism. The data also shows that the coagulation growth-rate is as much as twice the condensation growth-rate.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Coagulation and condensation structures"

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Щукіна, Людмила Павлівна, Георгій Вікторович Лісачук, Ярослав Олегович Галушка, Олена Юріївна Федоренко, and Лариса Олександрівна Міхеєнко. "Технологічна цінність промислових хімічних добавок при їх використанні у виробництві будівельної кераміки." Thesis, Одеський національний політехнічний університет, 2013. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/31485.

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Досліджено технологічну ефективність комплексної поверхнево-активної добавки "MasterКерам" при її використанні у виробництві стінової кераміки для покращення властивостей керамічних мас і матеріалів. Встановлено водоредуційний ефект добавки та її позитивний вплив на міцність коагуляційної та конденсаційної структури мас. Визначена оптимальна кількість добавки, рекомендована для використання у виробництві стінової кераміки рядового призначення.
The technological efficiency of complex surface-active additive "MasterCeram" using to improve the properties of ceramic masses and materials in the manufacture of wall ceramics is investigated. The water-reducing effect of the additive and its positive influence on the strength of the coagulation and condensation structure of ceramic masses are established. The optimal amount of additive, which recommended for use in the manufacture of terraced wall ceramic, are established.
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Barakat, Mouhammad Abou-Al-Nasser. "Interaction rayonnement-particules : cas des fumées générées par differents types de combustibles." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2333.

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Mesurer l'opacite d'un milieu gazeux charge en particules, comme des fumees, revient a mesurer l'attenuation que subissent les rayonnements qui le traversent. Toutefois, le principal parametre influencant le parametre d'extinction etant la concentration en particules de suie, il apparait necessaire de definir une grandeur de base (aire specifique d'extinction) liant le coefficient d'extinction a la vitesse de combustion du combustible considere et aux conditions aerauliques par l'intermediaire du debit de fumee. Les combustibles etudies sont, un hydrocarbure d'usage courant (fioul domestique), et des huiles et materiaux de gainage de cables electriques recenses sensibles dans les centrales nucleaires exploitees par edf (organisme partenaire de cette etude). L'influence de la longueur d'onde sur les proprietes d'extinction (coefficient ou aire specifique) est etudiee et les lois de variation, en fonction de ce parametre, sont etablies. Ces lois font ensuite l'objet, apres determination experimentale de la distribution de taille des particules et une recherche detaillee sur le choix des indices optiques, d'une comparaison theorie-experience a partir du calcul des efficacites energetiques d'extinction sur la base des elements de la theorie de mie. Le caractere conservatif de la grandeur aire specifique d'extinction est egalement mis en evidence, en fonction de l'intensite de la combustion et de la dilution des fumees. On procede aussi a une determination indirecte de la taille et de la concentration en particules a partir des mesures realisees a plusieurs longueurs d'onde. Les perspectives d'application a un modele d'analyse d'incendie en compartiment developpe par edf sont ensuite envisagees. Dans ce but, il est procede a la determination d'un parametre d'extinction moyenne sur tout le spectre thermiquement utile. L'ensemble de ce travail permet de tirer un certain nombre d'enseignements sur les aptitudes des differents combustibles consideres a generer des fumees et sur leur potentialite en matiere de rayonnement. Cependant, il conduit parallelement a formuler certaines limites quant a l'exploitation des mesures realisees, que ce soit dans des conditions de ventilation insuffisante des foyers, ou dans des conditions d'evolution granulometrique des particules dans la phase de transport (condensation de vapeurs ou coagulation)
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Devilliers, Marion. "Modélisation et simulation numérique de la dynamique des nanoparticules appliquée aux atmosphères libres et confinées." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00779863.

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Il est probable qu'à terme les émissions de nanoparticules soient réglementées et ce sont donc les concentrations en nombre qui seront considérées. Il convient donc d'adapter les modèles afin de pouvoir simuler correctement les concentrations en nombre, dans les ambiances confinées comme dans l'atmosphère. Un modèle de dynamique des particules capable de suivre avec autant de précision la concentration en nombre que la concentration en masse, avec un temps de calcul optimal, a été développé. La dynamique des particules dépend de divers processus, les plus importants étant la condensation/évaporation, suivie par la nucléation, la coagulation, et les phénomènes de dépôts. Ces processus sont bien connus pour les particules fines et grossières, mais dans le cas des nanoparticules, certains phénomènes additionnels doivent être pris en compte, notamment l'effet Kelvin pour la condensation/ évaporation et les forces de van der Waals pour la coagulation. Le travail a tout d'abord porté sur le processus de condensation/évaporation, qui s'avère être le plus compliqué numériquement. Les particules sont présumées sphériques. L'effet Kelvin est pris en compte car il devient considérable pour les particules de diamètre inférieur à 50 nm. Les schémas numériques utilisés reposent sur une approche sectionnelle : l'échelle granulométrique des particules est discrétisée en sections, caractérisées par un diamètre représentatif. Un algorithme de répartition des particules est utilisé, après condensation/évaporation, afin de conserver les diamètres représentatifs à l'intérieur de leurs sections respectives. Cette redistribution peut se faire en terme de masse ou de nombre. Un des points clé de l'algorithme est de savoir quelle quantité, de la masse ou du nombre, doit être redistribuée. Une approche hybride consistant à répartir la quantité dominante dans la section de taille considérée (le nombre pour les nanoparticules et la masse pour les particules fines et grossières) a été mise en place et a permis d'obtenir une amélioration de la précision du modèle par rapport aux algorithmes existants, pour un large choix de conditions. Le processus de coagulation pour les nanoparticules a aussi été résolu avec une approche sectionnelle. La coagulation est régie par le mouvement brownien des nanoparticules. Pour cette approche, il a été constaté qu'il est plus efficace de calculer le noyau de coagulation en utilisant le diamètre représentatif de la section plutôt que de l'intégrer sur la section entière. Les simulations ont aussi pu montrer que les interactions de van der Waals amplifient fortement le taux de coagulation pour les nanoparticules. La nucléation a été intégrée au modèle nouvellement développé en incorporant un terme source de nanoparticules dans la première section, commençant à un nanomètre. La formulation de ce taux de nucléation correspond à celle de l'acide sulfurique mais le traitement des interactions numériques entre nucléation, coagulation et condensation/évaporation est générique. Différentes stratégies de couplage visant à résoudre séparément ou en même temps les trois processus sont discutées. Afin de pouvoir proposer des recommandations, différentes méthodes numériques de couplage ont été développées puis évaluées par rapport au temps de calcul et à la précision obtenue en terme de concentration massique et numérique
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Palaniswaamy, Geethpriya. "DSMC multicomponent aerosol dynamics sampling algorithms and aerosol processes /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4737.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed Dec. 12, 2007). Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Brown, Anthony James Moginie. "Studies of the molecular structures of the blood coagulation fibrinolytic proteins." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294268.

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Kobayashi, Naoko. "Contributions to betalain biochemistry new structures, condensation reactions, and vacuolar transport /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967151007.

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Rivera, Mario A. "Seismic Response of Structures with Flexible Floor Slabs by a Dynamic Condensation Approach." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29645.

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The flexibility of the floor slabs is quite often ignored in the seismic analysis of structures. In general, the rigid behavior assumption is appropriate to describe the in-plane response of floors. For seismic excitations with vertical components, however, the flexibility of the floor slabs in the out-of-plane direction may play a significant role and it can result in an increase in the seismic response. The simplified procedures used in the current practice to include the floor flexibility can lead to highly conservative estimates of the slab and supported equipment response. To include floor flexibility, a detailed finite element model of the structure can be constructed, but this procedure leads to a system with large degrees of freedom the solution of which can be time consuming and impractical. In this study, a new dynamic condensation approach is developed and proposed to reduce the size of the problem and to calculate the seismic response of structures with flexible floor slabs. Unlike other currently available dynamic condensation techniques, this approach is applicable to classically as well as nonclassically damped structures. The approach is also applicable to structures divided into substructures. The approach can be used to calculate as many lower eigenproperties as one desires. The remaining higher modal properties can also be obtained, if desired, by solving a complementary eigenvalue problem associated with the higher modes. The accuracy of the calculated eigenproperties can be increased to any desired level by iteratively solving a condensed and improved eigenvalue problem. Almost exact eigenproperties can be obtained in just a few iterative cycles. Numerical examples demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach for calculating eigenproperties are presented. To calculate the seismic response, first the proposed dynamic condensation approach is utilized to calculate the eigenproperties of the structure accurately. These eigenproperties are then used to calculate the seismic response for random inputs such as a spectral density function or inputs defined in terms of design response spectra. Herein, this method is used to investigate the influence of the out-of-plane flexibility of the floor slabs on the response of primary and secondary systems subjected to vertical ground motions. The calculated results clearly show that inclusion of the floor flexibility in the analytical model increases the design response significantly, especially when computing acceleration floor response spectra. This has special relevance for secondary systems and equipment the design of which are based on the floor response spectra. The accuracy of the results predicted by two of the most popular methods used in practice to consider the floor flexibility effects, namely the cascade approach and the modified lumped mass method, is also investigated. The numerical results show that the cascade approach overestimates the seismic response, whereas the modified lumped mass method underestimates the response. Both methods can introduce significant errors in the response especially when computing accelerations and floor response spectra. For seismic design of secondary systems supported on flexible slabs, the use of the proposed condensation approach is thus advocated.
Ph. D.
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Andreev, Sergueï. "La condensation de Bose-Einstein des excitons indirects dans des nano-structures semi-conductrices." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20046.

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Cette thèse est dédiée à l'interprétation théorique des expériences sur les gaz froids des excitons indirects dans des nanostructures semi-conductrices. La théorie proposée explique la formation de l'état des excitons macroscopiquement ordonnés ("MOES") et des taches lumineuses localisées dans les images de photoluminescence des excitons. Dans la première partie je montrerai que la séparation macroscopique de charge induite par laser mène à l'apparition d'un champ électrique situé dans le plan de la structure. A cause de ce champ les états quantiques 1s et 2p de l'exciton se croisent et son moment dipolaire s'incline. Par conséquent, l'exciton va se localiser à la frontière entre les deux domaines d'une charge différente, où le champ électrique est le plus fort. Ensuite, j'étudierai un gaz d'excitons mis dans de tels pièges bidimensionnels en négligeant sa structure de spin. J'analyserai la possibilité de la condensation de Bose-Einstein dans le système considéré en utilisant les méthodes puissantes de la théorie à N-corps développées pour des gaz atomiques. En me basant sur le Hamiltonien pour un segment du cercle bidimensionnel ("2D cigar"), je montrerai que la dispersion cohérente des excitons mène à l'autolocalisation accompagnée par une modulation périodique de la densité. L'idée principale de la théorie est, ensuite, de modéliser cet état périodique par une chaîne de condensats piégés (Le Modèle de Chaîne). Un tel modèle permettra de dire que le système peut exhiber la transition de phase de second ordre pour certaines valeurs du paramètre qui caractérise les interactions. La valeur critique de ce paramètre peut être trouvée en analysant le comportement des fluctuations de phase à la température nulle. Le nombre de condensats dans le régime où les interactions sont fortes est déterminé par la balance entre les contributions de l'énergie cinétique est l'entropie dans l'énergie libre du système. Le Modèle de Chaîne permettra aussi de révéler l'invariance d''échelle et l'universalité du phénomène. J'obtiendrai l'expression pour la température unique de la transition de phase dans le système excitonique et discuterai l'effet de désordre. Je finirai par une discussion du rôle des interactions à N-corps et des effets de spin dans la condensation de Bose-Einstein des excitons. Je proposerai un modèle de gaz idéal pour décrire les textures de polarisation linéaire observées autour de chaque tache lumineuse et chaque fragment de MOES. Selon ce modèle, le domaine central incohérent de tous ces objets est composé d'une glace excitonique quantique
The present Thesis is devoted to theoretical interpretation of intriguing observations made recently in cold gases of indirect excitons in semiconductor quantum wells. The proposed theory provides simple intuitive explanation for the basic phenomenology of the macroscopically ordered exciton state (MOES) and the localized bright spots (LBS) in the exciton photoluminescense pattern. The Thesis is organized as follows.First, we provide an important insight into the formation process of the external ring and LBS. We show that the macroscopic charge separation induced by the photoexcitation results in appearance of an in-plane electric field in the vicinity of the boundary. The field hybridizes 1s and 2p quantum states of an indirect exciton, effectively tilting its dipole moment. Thus polarized exciton seeks for the regions with higher in-plane electric field and, hence, becomes localized at the ring-shaped boundary.As a next step, we consider a gas of spinless dipolar bosons put in such two-dimensional (2D) traps. We analyze the possibility for occurence of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in the system under consideration by means of the powerful many-body theoretical methods developed for ultracold atomic gases. Starting from the Hamiltonian for a segment of the ring (2D cigar) we show, howthe coherent scattering of excitons can result in autolocalization accompanied by a buildup of the diagonal long-range order. The crucial point of the theory then consists in replacement of the periodic coherent state by a chain of harmonically trapped condensates (Chain Model). We argue, that for sufficiently strong contact interaction between the excitons the system can exhibit the true second order phase transistion at finite temperature. The critical value of the interaction parameter can be found by analyzing the behaviour of the quantum phase fluctuations at zero temperature. The number of condensates at the ring in the strongly interacting regime is defined by the balance between the kinetic energy and the entropy terms in the free energy of the system.Futhermore, the use of the Chain Model of the MOES allows one to reveal scale invariance and universality of the pnenomenon. We obtain the expression for the unique critical temperature of the second order phase transition in the exciton system and discuss the effect of disorder.Finally, we comment on the role of many-body interactions and spin degrees of freedom in excitonic BEC. We suggest that each bead (or, equivalently, LBS) has the internal structure: it consists of a solid core (Quantum Exciton Iceberg) surrounded by a coherent exciton fluid. We develop an ideal gas model for the coherent four-component exciton fluid which allows one to explain the measured linear polarization patterns
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Guigné, Claire de. "Réactions d'éthers de diénol pour l'accès à des structures terpéniques : condensation carbocationique et métallation vinylique." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES034.

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Une nouvelle voie d'accès à des aldéhydes et cétones terpéniques est décrite. Elle est basée sur l'addition électrophile d'alcools allyliques, en présence d'acide, sur des éthers de diénol delta-substitués ou non par un hétéroatome. La synthèse d'éthers de diénol à squelette du prénal portant un substituant en position vinylique ou allylique a été décrite par action d'une base forte sur les acétals alpha, bêta-éthyléniques correspondants, de bons rendements et une très bonne régiosélectivité ont été obtenus. La condensation de ces éthers de diénol sur le carbocation issu d'alcools allyliques permet l'accès au rétinal et à la phytone. Une réaction de métallation en alpha de la fonction éther d'énol a été observée. Une étude portant sur les paramètres influençant la réaction, ainsi que sur l'espèce intermédiaire a permis d'apporter des éléments sur la structure intime des super-bases. L'accès à des éthers de diénol alpha, delta-difonctionnalisés est ainsi réalisée avec de bons rendements.
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Casanova, Euro. "Dynamique des structures cycliques avec incertitudes : modélisation modale des aubages de turbines." Compiègne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002COMP1404.

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A première vue un aubage apparait comme une structure à symétrie cyclique parfaite ; cependant, dans la pratique, des petites variations, appelées désaccordement, existent toujours entre les différents secteurs qui composent la structure. L’expérience montre que ces désaccordements peuvent produire des modifications importantes sur la réponse vibratoire du système, en particulier en faisant apparaitre des modes localisées. Leur prise en compte dans les modélisations numériques est donc essentielle. Pourtant, compte tenu des tailles des modèles numériques des aubages et du caractère incertain du désaccordement, qui oblige à réaliser un grand nombre de simulations, l’utilisation de modèles réduits s’impose. Ce travail présente la formulation, la validation et la discussion d’une méthode qui permet d’obtenir un modèle réduit de tout l’aubage admettant la prise en compte du désaccordement. La méthode est basée sur une application de la méthode de synthèse modale en formulation Craig et Bampton, adaptée au cas des structures à symétrie cyclique. La prise en compte du désaccordement se fait par modification des rigidités modales des ailettes encastrées. Afin de valider la méthode, celle-ci a été appliquée à l’étude de cinq modèles simulant des aubages de turbines aéronautiques et de turbines pour la production d’électricité avec différents degrés de liaison au niveau des nageoires des ailettes. L’étude réalisée comprend le calcul des fréquences et modes propres, et de la réponse forcée, ainsi qu’un calcul statistique sur les maxima des réponses des aubages désaccordés. Les résultats obtenus montrent la validité de l’approche proposée et ses limitations. Enfin, une méthode qui permet d’estimer le désaccordement présent dans un aubage, à partir de mesures expérimentales, a également été formulée. Cette méthode, qui exploite les caractéristiques des modèles formulés dans la première partie, est limitée au cas où les ailettes répondent sous une déformée de flexion simple.
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Books on the topic "Coagulation and condensation structures"

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Grigorʹev, V. P. Der Kondensations-Koagulations Mechanismus der Niederschlagsbildung =: Kondensat͡s︡ioono-koaguli͡a︡t͡s︡ionnyĭ mekhanizm obrazovanii͡a︡ osadkov. [Tomsk: s.n., 1995.

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Lüpkes, Christof. Untersuchungen zur Parametrisierung von Koagulationsprozessen niederschlagsbildender Tropfen. Hamburg: Kovač, 1991.

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Weizhu, Bao, and Liu Jian-Guo, eds. Dynamics in models of coarsening, coagulation, condensation and quantization. Singapore: World Scientific, 2007.

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Bao, Weizhu, and Jian-Guo Liu. Dynamics in Models of Coarsening, Coagulation, Condensation and Quantization. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/6525.

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(Editor), Weizhu Bao, and Jian-guo Liu (Editor), eds. Dynamics in Models of Coarsening, Coagulation, Condensation and Quantization (Lecture Notes Series, Institute for Mathematical Sciences, N) (Lecture Note Series). World Scientific Publishing Company, 2007.

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Kivshar, Yuri S., Cornelia Denz, and Sergej Flach. Nonlinearities in Periodic Structures and Metamaterials. Springer, 2011.

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Nonlinearities In Periodic Structures And Metamaterials. Springer, 2009.

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Kivshar, Yuri S., Cornelia Denz, and Sergej Flach. Nonlinearities in Periodic Structures and Metamaterials. Springer, 2012.

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Sherwood, Dennis, and Paul Dalby. Thermodynamics today – and tomorrow. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0026.

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This last chapter explores the frontiers of how thermodynamics is currently being applied to biology, moving from the scale of the molecule to the scale of the cell. The key theme is ‘self-assembly’ – the process by which macromolecules spontaneously assemble into larger structures such as cell membranes, cell organelles, cells, and ultimately organisms. The starting point is the simplest process of self-assembly, the formation of a liquid from the condensation of a gas, which draws on some results from Chapter 15, and develops the concept of nucleation, this leads to a discussion of protein aggregation, and how virus particles are formed. The chapter, and the book, ends with a key challenge for the future: how can we deliberately design self-assembling systems that can perform valuable functions?
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Book chapters on the topic "Coagulation and condensation structures"

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Gan, Buntara S. "Condensation Method." In An Isogeometric Approach to Beam Structures, 157–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56493-7_5.

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Paz, Mario, and William Leigh. "Static Condensation and Substructuring." In Integrated Matrix Analysis of Structures, 239–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1611-8_8.

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Sun, Sam-Shajing, Shahin Maaref, and Carl E. Bonner. "Fumaryl Chloride and Maleic Anhydride Derived Crosslinked Functional Polymers and Nano Structures." In Functional Condensation Polymers, 17–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47563-4_2.

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Heimann, R. B., and S. Tanuma. "Condensation of carbon vapour." In Physics and Chemistry of Materials with Low-Dimensional Structures, 139–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4742-2_12.

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Babaev, V. G., and M. B. Guseva. "Ion-Assisted Condensation of Carbon." In Physics and Chemistry of Materials with Low-Dimensional Structures, 159–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4742-2_13.

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Hoyuelos, Miguel. "Imperfect coagulation reaction A +A → A: an analytical approach." In Instabilities and Nonequilibrium Structures VI, 311–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4247-2_15.

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Bottero, Jean Yves, Armand Masion, and Jérôme Rose. "Fractal Mechanisms in Coagulation/Flocculation Processes in Environmental Systems." In Biophysical Chemistry of Fractal Structures and Processes in Environmental Systems, 149–78. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470511206.ch5.

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Ohta, Yoshihiro, and Tsutomu Yokozawa. "Chain-Growth Condensation Polymerization for Controlled Synthesis of Polymers." In Hierarchical Macromolecular Structures: 60 Years after the Staudinger Nobel Prize II, 191–238. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2013_248.

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Mezher, A., L. Jason, G. Folzan, and L. Davenne. "Integration of the principle of mesh refinement in the Adaptive Static Condensation (ASC) method." In Computational Modelling of Concrete and Concrete Structures, 424–31. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003316404-50.

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Tomasi, Claudio, and Angelo Lupi. "Coagulation, Condensation, Dry and Wet Deposition, and Cloud Droplet Formation in the Atmospheric Aerosol Life Cycle." In Atmospheric Aerosols, 115–82. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527336449.ch3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Coagulation and condensation structures"

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Gorchakov, Gennadii I., E. G. Semoutnikova, and V. M. Pegasov. "Condensation and coagulation modeling for water-soluble and soot aerosols." In Fifth International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, edited by Vladimir E. Zuev and Gennadii G. Matvienko. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.337012.

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Laakso, Lauri. "The characteristic time scales of condensation and coagulation in ion-induced nucleation." In The 15th international conference on nucleation and atmospheric aerosols. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1361888.

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KIM, K. O. "Dynamic condensation for structural redesign." In 26th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1985-730.

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Littera, D., M. Velardi, A. Cozzolini, G. Yoder, M. C. Besch, D. K. Carder, and M. Gautam. "Integrated Physical and Chemical Measurements of PM Emissions of Dispersing Plume Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck: Wind Tunnel Studies: Part I — Design and Commissioning." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2012-92091.

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Over the past few decades there has been considerable progress made in understanding the processes leading to formation and evolution of particulate matter (PM) emissions from heavy duty diesel engines (HDDE). This progress has been primarily made under controlled laboratory conditions with the use of constant volume sampling (CVS) systems and to a limited extend through on-road chase studies. West Virginia University (WVU) is attempting to close the present knowledge gap by conducting detailed experiments in a custom designed and constructed environmental wind tunnel. The understanding and knowledge has recently been further extended to new emission reduction technologies, such as the diesel particulate filter (DPF) which has dramatically changed the size distribution and chemical composition of PM. Additionally, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology has shown to further enhance the formation of nucleation mode particles as well as alter their morphology. Even with advances in technology there remains a considerable gap in the current level of understanding of PM formation and evolution, since the combustion generated PM from diesel engines is not discernible from the atmospheric background PM measured beyond 300m from highways. After being emitted from the vehicle exhaust system, the process of dilution in the atmosphere leads to a multitude of PM transformation phenomena, such as volatilization, coagulation, and condensation. The work presented herein has been divided into two parts which are published separately from each another. The first part describes the design and commissioning process of the wind tunnel focusing on both, aerodynamic and structural constraints, which ultimately led to the definition of the main characteristics of the facility. The resulting design is a subsonic, non-recirculating, suction type tunnel, with a 16ft high and 16ft wide test section capable of housing a full-size heavy-duty tractor cab. A 2,200hp suction fan is employed to provide up to 80 mph wind speeds. The 115ft test cell length guarantees for a 2 second residence time for the exhaust plume evolution (at 35 mph) and complies with turbulence intensity (less than 1%) and quality flow requirement as identified for this type of application. In addition, the West Virginia University (WVU) wind tunnel has been equipped with a custom made sampling system able to move in all three dimensions in order to measure spatially resolved plume characteristics. The second part will describe the actual test procedures and the experimental results and will be published in a separate paper.
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Kim, Ki-Ook. "Perturbation method in condensation for eigenproblems." In 39th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1998-2018.

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Sousa Gonçalves, Lauren Karoline, Ulisses Lima Rosa, and Antonio Marcos de Lima. "ITERATIVE CONDENSATION STRATEGY TO FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF VISCOELASTICALLY DAMPED STRUCTURES." In 25th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2019.cob2019-0139.

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Park, Soohyun, Hyungi Kim, Maenghyo Cho, and Heung Kim. "Structural Topology Optimization Using Two-Level Dynamic Condensation Scheme." In 47th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference
14th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
7th. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-1986.

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Briand, Julie, Davood Rezaei, and Farid Taheri. "Damage detection of an in-service condensation pipeline joint." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Peter J. Shull, Aaron A. Diaz, and H. Felix Wu. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.847633.

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Jeong, Joonho, Sungmin Baek, and Maenghyo Cho. "The Effective Dynamic Response Prediction Through Condensation in Damped System." In 51st AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference
18th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
12th. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-3114.

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Cheng, Kuok, Bong June Zhang, Chi Young Lee, Mike Kennedy, Sunwoo Kim, Hyungkee Yoon, Kwang J. Kim, Jiong Liu, and Ganesh Skandan. "Biomimetic super-hydrophobic surfaces for use in enhanced dropwise condensation." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Raúl J. Martín-Palma and Akhlesh Lakhtakia. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.882189.

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Reports on the topic "Coagulation and condensation structures"

1

Elbaum, Michael, and Peter J. Christie. Type IV Secretion System of Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Components and Structures. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699848.bard.

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Objectives: The overall goal of the project was to build an ultrastructural model of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens type IV secretion system (T4SS) based on electron microscopy, genetics, and immunolocalization of its components. There were four original aims: Aim 1: Define the contributions of contact-dependent and -independent plant signals to formation of novel morphological changes at the A. tumefaciens polar membrane. Aim 2: Genetic basis for morphological changes at the A. tumefaciens polar membrane. Aim 3: Immuno-localization of VirB proteins Aim 4: Structural definition of the substrate translocation route. There were no major revisions to the aims, and the work focused on the above questions. Background: Agrobacterium presents a unique example of inter-kingdom gene transfer. The process involves cell to cell transfer of both protein and DNA substrates via a contact-dependent mechanism akin to bacterial conjugation. Transfer is mediated by a T4SS. Intensive study of the Agrobacterium T4SS has made it an archetypal model for the genetics and biochemistry. The channel is assembled from eleven protein components encoded on the B operon in the virulence region of the tumor-inducing plasmid, plus an additional coupling protein, VirD4. During the course of our project two structural studies were published presenting X-ray crystallography and three-dimensional reconstruction from electron microscopy of a core complex of the channel assembled in vitro from homologous proteins of E. coli, representing VirB7, VirB9, and VirB10. Another study was published claiming that the secretion channels in Agrobacterium appear on helical arrays around the membrane perimeter and along the entire length of the bacterium. Helical arrangements in bacterial membranes have since fallen from favor however, and that finding was partially retracted in a second publication. Overall, the localization of the T4SS within the bacterial membranes remains enigmatic in the literature, and we believe that our results from this project make a significant advance. Summary of achievements : We found that polar inflations and other membrane disturbances relate to the activation conditions rather than to virulence protein expression. Activation requires low pH and nutrient-poor medium. These stress conditions are also reflected in DNA condensation to varying degrees. Nonetheless, they must be considered in modeling the T4SS as they represent the relevant conditions for its expression and activity. We identified the T4SS core component VirB7 at native expression levels using state of the art super-resolution light microscopy. This marker of the secretion system was found almost exclusively at the cell poles, and typically one pole. Immuno-electron microscopy identified the protein at the inner membrane, rather than at bridges across the inner and outer membranes. This suggests a rare or transient assembly of the secretion-competent channel, or alternatively a two-step secretion involving an intermediate step in the periplasmic space. We followed the expression of the major secreted effector, VirE2. This is a single-stranded DNA binding protein that forms a capsid around the transferred oligonucleotide, adapting the bacterial conjugation to the eukaryotic host. We found that over-expressed VirE2 forms filamentous complexes in the bacterial cytoplasm that could be observed both by conventional fluorescence microscopy and by correlative electron cryo-tomography. Using a non-retentive mutant we observed secretion of VirE2 from bacterial poles. We labeled the secreted substrates in vivo in order detect their secretion and appearance in the plant cells. However the low transfer efficiency and significant background signal have so far hampered this approach.
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