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Journal articles on the topic 'Co2+ doped nanoparticles'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Abbasi, Amirali, and Jaber Jahanbin Sardroodi. "Theoretical investigation of the adsorption behaviors of CO and CO2 molecules on the nitrogen-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles: Insights from DFT computations." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 16, no. 01 (February 2017): 1750005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633617500055.

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Over the past years, an interest has arisen in resolving the problems of the increased carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide emissions, leading to the serious air pollution and many detrimental effects. A convenient solution would be a process that could utilize metal oxide nanoparticles such as TiO2 to control the concentration of atmospheric pollutants. The chemisorption of CO and CO2 molecules over the semiconductor titanium dioxide (TiO[Formula: see text] is such a process. In this way, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to investigate CO and CO2 adsorptions on undoped and N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles. The supercell approach is conducted to construct the considered nanoparticles and the adsorption of COx molecule was simulated by use of these chosen nanoparticles. By including van der Waals (vdW) interactions between COx molecule and TiO2 nanoparticle, we found that both CO and CO2 molecules can bind strongly to the N-doped nanoparticles. The adsorption on the five-fold coordinated titanium site of TiO2 nanoparticles including the bond lengths, bond angles, adsorption energies, density of states (DOSs), Mulliken population analysis and molecular orbitals has been broadly studied in this work. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the adsorption on the N-doped nanoparticle is more energetically favorable than the adsorption on the pristine one, representing the higher tendency of N-doped nanoparticles for COx detention, compared to the undoped ones. Therefore, the results indicate that the N-doped TiO2 would be an ideal COx gas sensor in the environment.
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2

Chun, Se Min, Dae Hyun Choi, Jong Bae Park, and Yong Cheol Hong. "Optical and Structural Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by CO2 Microwave Plasma at Atmospheric Pressure." Journal of Nanoparticles 2014 (June 23, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/734256.

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The results of carbon-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by CO2 microwave plasma at atmospheric pressure are presented. The 2.45-GHz microwave plasma torch and feeder for injecting Zn granules are used in the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. The Zn granules (13.5 g/min) were introduced into the microwave plasma by CO2 (5 l/min) swirl gas. The microwave power delivered to the CO2 microwave plasma was 1 kW. The synthesis of carbon-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles was carried out in accordance with CO2 + Zn → carbon-doped ZnO + CO. The synthesized carbon-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles have a high purity hexagonal phase. The absorption edge of carbon-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibited a red shift from a high-energy wavelength to lower in the UV-visible spectrum, due to band gap narrowing. A UV-NIR spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, emission scanning electron-microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and a UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer were used for the characterization of the as-produced products.
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3

Sun, Xue Jiao, Fu Tian Liu, and Qing Hui Jiang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Co2+-Doped Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by the Solvothermal Method." Materials Science Forum 688 (June 2011): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.688.364.

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Co2+-doped Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized via the solvothermal method with reaction system of H2O and glycol in a high pressure autoclave. The products are of the inverse spinel structure confirmed by X-ray Diffraction. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscope, Particles Size Analyzer and AC Gradient Magnetometer are also used to characterize the particles. The obtained Co2+-doped Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles display well crystalline state. Those particles are globular of which the diameter is above 15 nm with homogeneous size distribution, smaller than 20 nm of the non-doped products. Co2+-doped Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles show superparamagnetic behavior, and the saturation magnetization is 76.84 emu/g, which is higher compared with 54.42 emu/g of the non-doped. In the crystals structure of Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles, ferric ions occupy the tetrahedral sites and one-half of octahedral sites, and the ferrous ions occupy the remaining half of the octahedral sites. The magnetic moments of cations on tetrahedral and octahedral sites are anti-parallel. Therefore, the net moment is provided by the divalent ions. In the preparation process, bivalent cobalt ions replace the partial sites of the ferrous ions and the ferric ions, and enhance the net magnetic moment. Above all, the doping of Co2+could improve properties of the Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles, i.e., enhancing the saturation intensity, decreasing the particle size and making the size distribution homogeneous.
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4

Abdel All, N., J. El Ghoul, and G. Khouqeer. "Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for CO2 Gas Sensing." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 16, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 1762–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2021.3121.

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In this research, we synthesised nickel (Ni)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NZ) with various atomic ratios of [Ni]/[Zn], i.e., 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06 using a simple sol–gel method. The synthesized materials were examined by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) attached with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The observed XRD results confirmed that all the prepared samples exhibited a hexagonal wurtzite structure with no additional secondary phases, confirming that Ni ions were successfully incorporated into the lattices of ZnO crystals. The average size of the synthesized nanoparticles is in the range of 30–80 nm, as was confirmed from the TEM observations. The synthesized Ni-doped ZnO nanoparticles were used as functional material to fabricate efficient CO2 gas sensors. The gas detection results demonstrated an improvement in the response of the Ni-doped ZnO sensor towards CO2 gas. The data obtained at 350 ˚C working temperature reveal that this sensor has a modest reaction to CO2. With increasing Ni doping, we noticed that the baseline and the dynamic responses rises. Based on the obtained results, a plausible sensing mechanism towards CO2 gas sensor based on Ni-doped ZnO nanoparticles is also proposed and presented in this paper.
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5

Jia, Mingwen, Changhyeok Choi, Tai-Sing Wu, Chen Ma, Peng Kang, Hengcong Tao, Qun Fan, et al. "Carbon-supported Ni nanoparticles for efficient CO2 electroreduction." Chemical Science 9, no. 47 (2018): 8775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc03732a.

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6

Khalid Ouzaouit and Abdelhay Aboulaich. "Nd-Doped Barium Cerate Nano-Sized Catalyst Converts CH4 into CO2 at Lower Temperature Compared to Noble Metal-Based Pd/Al2O3 Catalyst." Journal of Environmental Nanotechnology 10, no. 3 (September 24, 2021): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.13074/jent.2021.09.213439.

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The present paper describes the synthesis and first application of Nd-doped BaCeO3 nanoparticles as catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of methane (CH4) into CO2. Nd-doped barium cerate BaCeO3 nanoparticles, with the formula BaNdxCe(1-x)O3, have been prepared using a simple sol gel method starting from acetate precursors. The as-prepared nanoparticles have been fully characterized by XRD, TEM, HRTEM and specific surface area measurement. Results confirmed the formation of highly crystallized nano-sized particles with small crystallite size. In-situ FTIR spectroscopy was used to study the catalytic conversion of methane (CH4) into CO2 in the presence of the as-prepared Nd-doped BaCeO3 nanocatalyst. The catalytic properties of such nanocatalysts have been discussed and correlated to Nd-doping rate, crystallite diameter, and specific surface area of the materials. Excellent catalytic properties have been obtained with BaNd0.05Ce0.95O3, such as, superior conversion efficiency, longer catalysis lifetime and lower activation temperature compared to un-doped BaCeO3 catalyst. Interestingly, it was found that BaNd0.05Ce0.95O3 nanocatalyst successfully converts the totality of CH4 present in a mixture of CH4-Air into CO2 at much lower temperature compared to the conventional Pd/Al2O3 catalyst.
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7

Jacob, Anju Anna, L. Balakrishnan, K. Shambavi, and Z. C. Alex. "Multi-band visible photoresponse study of Co2+ doped ZnO nanoparticles." RSC Advances 7, no. 63 (2017): 39657–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra05429g.

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Cobalt doping enhances visible absorption in ZnO nanoparticles as a result of d–d transitions. By co-precipitation method, Zn1−xCoxO nanoparticles had been synthesised and multiband photodetectors were fabricated after characteristic analysis.
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8

Rekaby, Mona. "Photoluminescence and Magnetic Properties of Undoped and (Mn, Co) co-doped ZnO Nanoparticles." Current Nanoscience 16, no. 4 (August 20, 2020): 655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573413715666191010162626.

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Objective: The influence of Manganese (Mn2+) and Cobalt (Co2+) ions doping on the optical and magnetic properties of ZnO nanoparticles was studied. Methods: Nanoparticle samples of type ZnO, Zn0.97Mn0.03O, Zn0.96Mn0.03Co0.01O, Zn0.95Mn0.03 Co0.02O, Zn0.93Mn0.03Co0.04O, and Zn0.91Mn0.03Co0.06O were synthesized using the wet chemical coprecipitation method. Results: X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that the prepared samples exhibited a single phase of hexagonal wurtzite structure without any existence of secondary phases. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images clarified that Co doping at high concentrations has the ability to alter the morphologies of the samples from spherical shaped nanoparticles (NPS) to nanorods (NRs) shaped particles. The different vibrational modes of the prepared samples were analyzed through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements. The optical characteristics and structural defects of the samples were studied through Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. PL results clarified that Mn2+ and Co2+ doping quenched the recombination of electron-hole pairs and enhanced the number of point defects relative to the undoped ZnO sample. Magnetic measurements were carried out at room temperature using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). (Mn, Co) co-doped ZnO samples exhibited a ferromagnetic behavior coupled with paramagnetic and weak diamagnetic contributions. Conclusion: Mn2+ and Co2+ doping enhanced the room temperature Ferromagnetic (RTFM) behavior of ZnO. In addition, the signature for antiferromagnetic ordering between the Co ions was revealed. Moreover, a strong correlation between the magnetic and optical behavior of the (Mn, Co) co-doped ZnO was analyzed.
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9

Peng, Hao, Ruitang Guo, and He Lin. "Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 over Sm-doped TiO2 nanoparticles." Journal of Rare Earths 38, no. 12 (December 2020): 1297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jre.2019.12.010.

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10

Sarkar, R., C. S. Tiwary, P. Kumbhakar, and A. K. Mitra. "Enhanced visible light emission from Co2+ doped ZnS nanoparticles." Physica B: Condensed Matter 404, no. 21 (November 2009): 3855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.07.106.

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11

Maddi, Lakshmiprasad, and Thirumala Rao Gurugubelli. "Synthesis of Co2+ doped Cadmium borate nanopowder for luminescent applications." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1263, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1263/1/012013.

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Nanoparticles embedded in host materials exhibit a wide variation in properties, viz., photocatalytic activity, luminescence to name a few. In the present study, Cadmium borate was taken as a host in which addition of Cobalt (Co2+) was done through precipitation method. X ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed only Cadmium borate peaks (indicating the replacement of Co2+ ions at Cd2+ sites, forming a substitutional solid solution), while morphology was found to be agglomerated irregular particles. Photoluminescent studies indicated their possible application for yellowish green coloured emission.
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12

Song, Xinning, Weiwei Guo, Xiaodong Ma, Liang Xu, Xingxing Tan, Limin Wu, Shunhan Jia, et al. "Boosting CO2 electroreduction over Co nanoparticles supported on N,B-co-doped graphitic carbon." Green Chemistry 24, no. 4 (2022): 1488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc04146k.

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Co nanoparticles supported on N,B-co-doped carbon have been synthesized and used as catalysts for CO2 electroreduction to CO. The highest faradaic efficiency can reach 97.9% with a current density of 18.8 mA cm−2, and the nanoparticles exhibit excellent stability.
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13

Andrade, Óscar R., Verónica Rodríguez, Rafael Camarillo, Fabiola Martínez, Carlos Jiménez, and Jesusa Rincón. "Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 with N-Doped TiO2-Based Photocatalysts Obtained in One-Pot Supercritical Synthesis." Nanomaterials 12, no. 11 (May 24, 2022): 1793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12111793.

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The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of carbon support on the activity and selectivity of N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Thus, N-doped TiO2 and two types of composites, N-doped TiO2/CNT and N-doped TiO2/rGO, were prepared by a new environmentally friendly one-pot method. CNT and rGO were used as supports, triethylamine and urea as N doping agents, and titanium (IV) tetraisopropoxide and ethanol as Ti precursor and hydrolysis agent, respectively. The as-prepared photocatalysts exhibited enhanced photocatalytic performance compared to TiO2 P25 commercial catalyst during the photoreduction of CO2 with water vapor. It was imputed to the synergistic effect of N doping (reduction of semiconductor band gap energy) and carbon support (enlarging e−-h+ recombination time). The activity and selectivity of catalysts varied depending on the investigated material. Thus, whereas N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles led to a gaseous mixture, where CH4 formed the majority compared to CO, N-doped TiO2/CNT and N-doped TiO2/rGO composites almost exclusively generated CO. Regarding the activity of the catalysts, the highest production rates of CO (8 µmol/gTiO2/h) and CH4 (4 µmol/gTiO2/h) were achieved with composite N1/TiO2/rGO and N1/TiO2 nanoparticles, respectively, where superscript represents the ratio mg N/g TiO2. These rates are four times and almost forty times higher than the CO and CH4 production rates observed with commercial TiO2 P25.
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14

AHMED, FAHEEM, SHALENDRA KUMAR, NISHAT ARSHI, M. S. ANWAR, BON HEUN KOO, and CHAN GYU LEE. "STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC STUDY OF Co-DOPED ZnO NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY AUTO COMBUSTION METHOD." International Journal of Nanoscience 10, no. 04n05 (August 2011): 1025–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x11008617.

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In the present work, we have synthesized Zn 1-x Co x O (x = 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) nanoparticles by an auto-combustion method using C2H5NO2 (glycine) as a fuel. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Photo-luminescence (PL) and magnetization measurements. XRD and TEM results demonstrated that Co -doped ZnO have a single phase nature with wurtzite structure and Co2+ ions were successfully incorporated into the lattice position of Zn2+ ions in ZnO matrix. PL spectra show two emission bands in visible region. Magnetic studies showed that Co -doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit room temperature ferromagnetism.
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15

Rodaev, Vyacheslav V., and Svetlana S. Razlivalova. "The Zr-Doped CaO CO2 Sorbent Fabricated by Wet High-Energy Milling." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 8, 2020): 4110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164110.

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We fabricated the Zr-doped CaO sorbent for high-temperature CO2 capture by the wet high-energy co-milling of calcium carbonate and natural zirconium dioxide (baddeleyite) for the first time. The morphology of the material was examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction. Its CO2 uptake capacity was determined using thermogravimetric analysis. After 50 carbonation–calcination cycles, the Zr-doped CaO sorbent characterized by a high enough CO2 uptake capacity of 8.6 mmol/g and unchanged microstructure due to CaZrO3 nanoparticles uniformly distributed in the CaO matrix to prevent CaCO3 sintering under carbonation. The proposed easy-to-implement CaO-based sorbents fabrication technique is promising for industrial application.
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16

Alkoshab, Monther Q., Eleni Thomou, Ismail Abdulazeez, Munzir H. Suliman, Konstantinos Spyrou, Wissam Iali, Khalid Alhooshani, and Turki N. Baroud. "Low Overpotential Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Ethanol Enabled by Cu/CuxO Nanoparticles Embedded in Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Cuboids." Nanomaterials 13, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13020230.

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The electrochemical conversion of CO2 into value-added chemicals is a promising approach for addressing environmental and energy supply problems. In this study, electrochemical CO2 catalysis to ethanol is achieved using incorporated Cu/CuxO nanoparticles into nitrogenous porous carbon cuboids. Pyrolysis of the coordinated Cu cations with nitrogen heterocycles allowed Cu nanoparticles to detach from the coordination complex but remain dispersed throughout the porous carbon cuboids. The heterogeneous composite Cu/CuxO-PCC-0h electrocatalyst reduced CO2 to ethanol at low overpotential in 0.5 M KHCO3, exhibiting maximum ethanol faradaic efficiency of 50% at −0.5 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Such electrochemical performance can be ascribed to the synergy between pyridinic nitrogen species, Cu/CuxO nanoparticles, and porous carbon morphology, together providing efficient CO2 diffusion, activation, and intermediates stabilization. This was supported by the notably high electrochemically active surface area, rich porosity, and efficient charge transfer properties.
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17

Sakthi Athithan, A. S., J. Jeyasundari, and Y. B. A. Jacob. "Biological synthesis, physico-chemical characterization of undoped and Co doped α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles using Tribulus terrestris leaf extract and its antidiabetic, antimicrobial applications." Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 045003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/ac42c8.

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Abstract Hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) were chemically and thermodynamically more stable among iron oxide nanoparticles. Doping of Co2+ metal ion in α-Fe2O3 can modify the structural, optical and magnetic properties of NPs and also enhances the potential of the biomedical applications. In the current study, undoped and Co doped hematite nanoparticles were synthesised by co-precipitation method using Tribulus terrestris L. leaf extract as bio-reductant. The magnetic, optical and structural investigations were studied with the help of Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) Spectroscopy, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Spectroscopy. XRD analysis shows that synthesized nanoparticles were in hematite phase, rhombohedral in structure. XRD spectral pattern clearly evidenced that prepared α-Fe2O3 and Co-Fe2O3 NPs were highly crystalline with no impurity peaks. Using VSM spectra, the M-H curve indicates that saturation magnetisation (Ms) value increases for Co-Fe2O3 NPs than undoped α-Fe2O3 NPs, it can be clearly seen that doping largely affects the magnetic nature of nanoparticles. In the UV-Vis spectra, absorption maxima increases and band gap value decreases for cobalt doped hematite nanoparticles indicating the substitution of Fe2+ ions by Co2+ ions in α-Fe2O3 lattice sites. Antidiabetic and antimicrobial activity of the synthesized undoped and Co doped hematite NPs were tested by alpha-amylase inhibitory and disc diffusion method. The Co-Fe2O3 NPs have greatly inhibited the digestive enzyme and microbial strains as compared to undoped α-Fe2O3 NPs.
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18

Jiang, Cheng-Jie, Yue Hou, Hua Liu, Le-Ting Wang, Gui-Rong Zhang, Jia-Xing Lu, and Huan Wang. "CO2 electrocatalytic reduction on Cu nanoparticles loaded on nitrogen-doped carbon." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 915 (June 2022): 116353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116353.

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19

Jiang, Cheng-Jie, Yue Hou, Hua Liu, Le-Ting Wang, Gui-Rong Zhang, Jia-Xing Lu, and Huan Wang. "CO2 electrocatalytic reduction on Cu nanoparticles loaded on nitrogen-doped carbon." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 915 (June 2022): 116353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116353.

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20

Jiang, Cheng-Jie, Yue Hou, Hua Liu, Le-Ting Wang, Gui-Rong Zhang, Jia-Xing Lu, and Huan Wang. "CO2 electrocatalytic reduction on Cu nanoparticles loaded on nitrogen-doped carbon." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 915 (June 2022): 116353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116353.

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21

Shan, Jingjing, Yaoxuan Shi, Huiyi Li, Zhaoyu Chen, chengyue Sun, Yong Shuai, and Zhijiang Wang. "Effective CO2 electroreduction toward C2H4 boosted by Ce-doped Cu nanoparticles." Chemical Engineering Journal 433 (April 2022): 133769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.133769.

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22

Duan, Xiulan, Jian Liu, Yuanchun Wu, Fapeng Yu, and Xinqiang Wang. "Structure and luminescent properties of Co2+/Cr3+ co-doped ZnGa2O4 nanoparticles." Journal of Luminescence 153 (September 2014): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2014.03.027.

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23

Huang, Chun-ying, Rui-tang Guo, Wei-guo Pan, Jun-ying Tang, Wei-guo Zhou, Hao Qin, Xing-yu Liu, and Peng-yao Jia. "Eu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with enhanced activity for CO2 phpotcatalytic reduction." Journal of CO2 Utilization 26 (July 2018): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2018.06.004.

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24

Dongare, Saudagar, Neetu Singh, and Haripada Bhunia. "Nitrogen-doped graphene supported copper nanoparticles for electrochemical reduction of CO2." Journal of CO2 Utilization 44 (February 2021): 101382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101382.

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25

Duan, Xiulan, Duorong Yuan, Zhihong Sun, Caina Luan, Dongying Pan, Dong Xu, and Mengkai Lv. "Preparation of Co2+-doped ZnAl2O4 nanoparticles by citrate sol–gel method." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 386, no. 1-2 (January 2005): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.05.059.

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26

Yang, Zhenglong, Yan Cui, Pengxiang Ge, Mindong Chen, and Leilei Xu. "CO2 Methanation over Rare Earth Doped Ni-Based Mesoporous Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 with Enhanced Low-Temperature Activity." Catalysts 11, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11040463.

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The Ni-based catalysts have a wide range of industrial applications due to its low cost, but its activity of CO2 methanation is not comparable to that of precious metal catalysts. In order to solve this problem, Ni-based mesoporous Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 solid solution catalysts doped with rare earth were prepared by the incipient impregnation method and directly used as catalysts for the methanation of CO2. The catalysts were characterized systematically by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), N2 physisorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersed spectroscopy (EDS) mapping, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H2 temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), CO2 temperature programmed desorption (CO2-TPD), and so on. The results show that Ni is highly dispersed in the mesoporous skeleton, forming a strong metal-skeleton interaction. Therefore, under the condition of CO2 methanation, the hot sintering of metallic Ni nanoparticles can be effectively inhibited so that these mesoporous catalysts have good stability without obvious deactivation. The rare earth doping can significantly increase the surface alkalinity of catalyst and enhance the chemisorption of CO2. In addition, the rare earth elements also act as electron modifiers to help activate CO2 molecules. Therefore, the rare earth doped Ni-based mesoporous Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 solid solution catalysts are expected to be an efficient catalyst for the methanation of CO2 at low-temperature.
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27

Zahran Ilyasa, Salsabila, Prastika Krisma Jiwanti, Munawar Khalil, Yasuaki Einaga, and Tribidasari Anggraningrum Ivandini. "Study of carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction in flow cell system using copper modified boron-doped diamond." E3S Web of Conferences 211 (2020): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021103011.

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High concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere may cause climate and environmental changes. Therefore, various research has been extensively performed to reduce CO2 by converting CO2 directly into hydrocarbons. In this research, CO2 electrochemical reduction was studied using boron-doped diamond (BDD) modified with copper nanoparticles to improve BDD electrodes’ catalytic properties. The deposition was performed by chronoamperometry technique at a potential of -0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and characterized using SEM, EDS, XPS, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). CO2 electrochemical reduction on BDD and Cu-BDD was carried out at -1.5 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) for 60 minutes. The products were analyzed using HPLC and GC. The product was mainly formic acid with a concentration of 11.33 mg/L and 33% faradaic efficiency on a Cu-BDD electrode.
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Jisha, P. K., S. C. Prashantha, M. R. Anil Kumar, Ramachandra Naik, and H. Nagabhushana. "Study of Structural and Photocatalytic Activity of Cobalt Doped Nanocrystalline Gadolinium Aluminate via Facile Combustion Route." Sensor Letters 17, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sl.2019.4162.

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Up converting (UC) nanoparticles have been a milestone for the people of optical world in the past decade because of their extraordinary properties. In this article, a novel cobalt doped nanocrystalline Gadolinium Aluminate (GdAlO3:Co2+) have been successfully synthesized by the solution combustion method. The structure of the samples were characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) shows that transition metal (TM) doped nanoparticles have smaller crystalline size the structural morphology was studied using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) which shows irregular shaped, highly dispersed and the size was found to be in the range of 15–25 nm. The result demonstrated that the synthesized material could be useful for dye decolourisation as a photocatalyst.
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29

Wu, Gang, Xue Li, Zhang Zhang, Peng Dong, Mingli Xu, Hongliang Peng, Xiaoyuan Zeng, Yingjie Zhang, and Shijun Liao. "Design of ultralong-life Li–CO2 batteries with IrO2 nanoparticles highly dispersed on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 7 (2020): 3763–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta11028c.

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30

Pornaroontham, Phuwadej, Gasidit Panomsuwan, Sangwoo Chae, Nagahiro Saito, Nutthavich Thouchprasitchai, Yuththaphan Phongboonchoo, and Sangobtip Pongstabodee. "Nitriding an Oxygen-Doped Nanocarbonaceous Sorbent Synthesized via Solution Plasma Process for Improving CO2 Adsorption Capacity." Nanomaterials 9, no. 12 (December 13, 2019): 1776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121776.

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The synthesis of carbon nanoparticles (Cn) and oxygen-doped nanocarbon (OCn) was successfully done through a one-step synthesis by the solution plasma process (SPP). The Cn and OCn were nitrogen-doped by nitridation under an ammonia atmosphere at 800 °C for 2 h to yield NCn and NOCn, respectively, for carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption. The NOCn exhibited the highest specific surface area (~570 m2 g−1) and highest CO2 adsorption capacity (1.63 mmol g−1 at 25 °C) among the synthesized samples. The primary nitrogen species on the surface of NOCn were pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N. The synergistic effect of microporosity and nitrogen functionality on the NOCn surface played an essential role in CO2 adsorption enhancement. From the thermodynamic viewpoint, the CO2 adsorption on NOCn was physisorption, exothermic, and spontaneous. The NOCn showed a more negative enthalpy of adsorption, indicating its stronger interaction for CO2 on the surface, and hence, the higher adsorption capacity. The CO2 adsorption on NOCn over the whole pressure range at 25–55 °C best fitted the Toth model, suggesting monolayer adsorption on the heterogeneous surface. In addition, NOCn expressed a higher selective CO2 adsorption than Cn and so was a good candidate for multicycle adsorption.
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31

Priyadharsini, A., M. Saravanakumar, M. RM Krishnappa, N. Mohanapriya, S. Kavitha, and K. Prabaharan. "Structural, optical and magnetic properties of Co(Cobalt) doped SnO2 nanoparticles by one stepmethod." Journal of Ovonic Research 17, no. 4 (July 2021): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/jor.2021.174.333.

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Cobalt doped SnO2 nanoparticles were prepared for different molar concentration 2%, 4% & 6% of Co by Chemical co precipitation method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible absorption spectra, Photoluminescence (PL), High Resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Vibrating sample magnetometer for their Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties. The doping concentration of Co induces crystal phase, crystallite size, lattice distortion, optical and magnetic properties were investigated. XRD Results showed that Co2+ replaces Sn4+ in the crystal lattice of SnO2, which enhanced the growth of crystallite size and suppressed the transformation from anatase to rutile phase due to lattice distortion produced in SnO2. The UV absorption studies concluded the band gap of Co doped SnO2 nanoparticles decreased from 3.79 eV to 3.62 eV in visible region. PL spectra exhibit only a broad emission peak in the range of 420 nm to 540 nm and excitation is observed at the wavelength of 385 nm. New energy levels are not formed in the band structure to produce new emission due to Co doping and also indicates that the substitution of Co2+ ions for Sn4+ ions without the formation of other additional energy levels. Due to increasing Co concentration in SnO2, the emission energies are decreasing the peak intensities. An efficient method for inducing the ferromagnetic behavior from increasing the Co concentration from 2% to 6 % was known from the magnetization versus magnetic field (M–H) curves at room temperature of the Co doped SnO2 samples. The dominant magnetic interaction between Co ions, and hence, the ferromagnetic behaviour increases for increase in Co2+ doping concentration.Consequently, to achieve the good ferromagnetic character in these materials, the concentration of Co dopant has to be properly optimized.
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32

Suliman, Munzir H., Zain H. Yamani, and Muhammad Usman. "Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to C1 and C2 Liquid Products on Copper-Decorated Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanosheets." Nanomaterials 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13010047.

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Due to the significant rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and its detrimental environmental effects, the electrochemical CO2 conversion to valuable liquid products has received great interest. In this work, the copper-melamine complex was used to synthesize copper-based electrocatalysts comprising copper nanoparticles decorating thin layers of nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (Cu/NC). The as-prepared electrocatalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, and TEM and investigated in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (ECO2RR) to useful liquid products. The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction was carried out in two compartments of an electrochemical H-Cell, using 0.5 M potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) as an electrolyte; nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) was used to analyze and quantify the liquid products. The electrode prepared at 700 °C (Cu/NC-700) exhibited the best dispersion for the copper nanoparticles on the carbon nanosheets (compared to Cu/NC-600 & Cu/NC-800), highest current density, highest electrochemical surface area, highest electrical conductivity, and excellent stability and faradic efficiency (FE) towards overall liquid products of 56.9% for formate and acetate at the potential of −0.8V vs. Reversible Hydrogen Electrode (RHE).
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33

Kumik, A., T. A. Ivandini, and R. Wibowo. "Modification of boron-doped diamond with gold-palladium nanoparticles for CO2 electroreduction." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 763 (April 29, 2020): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/763/1/012001.

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34

Pati, S. S., S. Gopinath, G. Panneerselvam, M. P. Antony, and John Philip. "High temperature phase transformation studies in magnetite nanoparticles doped with Co2+ ion." Journal of Applied Physics 112, no. 5 (September 2012): 054320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4748318.

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35

Park, Jung-Wan, Dong-Wook Kim, Hong-Sun Seon, Kyo-Seon Kim, and Dong-Wha Park. "Synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles using CO2 decomposition by thermal plasma." Thin Solid Films 518, no. 15 (May 2010): 4113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2009.11.013.

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36

Muruganandam, S., G. Anbalagan, and G. Murugadoss. "Optical, electrochemical and thermal properties of Co2+-doped CdS nanoparticles using polyvinylpyrrolidone." Applied Nanoscience 5, no. 2 (May 16, 2014): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13204-014-0313-6.

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37

Wang, Chan, and Yan Huang. "Fabrication and CO2 separation performance of carbon membranes doped with TiO2 nanoparticles." Carbon 77 (October 2014): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2014.06.044.

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38

Liu, Wei Liang, Dan Li Lu, Chang Chun Ge, Jian Hua Chen, and Zhi Ping He. "Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of Nanosized La3+ and Co2+ Co-Doped TiO2 by Microemulsions." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1943–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1943.

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La3+ and Co2+ co-doped titania nanoparticles were prepared from reacting TiOSO4, La(NO3)3 and Co(NO3)2 with NH4OH in water/Triton X-100/n-hexanol/cyclohexane microemulsions. The structure, surface morphology and the specific surface area of the samples were characterized. The photocatalytic efficiency of as-prepared TiO2 was tested by photodegrading methyl orange. The results showed that doping with La3+ and Co2+ could suppress the growth of TiO2 grains and increase the specific surface area; When the calcination temperature increased from 300°C to 900°C, the average crystallite size of the particles increased from 7.3nm to 35.6 nm andthe specific surface area of the particles decreased rapidly from 205.5m2/g to 41.2m2/g. The synthesized amorphous particles wer transformed into anatase phase at 300°C, and further into rutile phase at 900°C. UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum revealed that La3+ and Co2+ co-doped TiO2 absorbed UV light and visible light, while pure TiO2 could only absorb UV light. In the experiments of photodegrading methyl orange, it was proved that La3+ and Co2+ co-doped TiO2 had high photocatalytic activity under UV light and visible light, while pure TiO2 showed photocatalytic activity just under UV light.
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39

Olowoyo, Joshua O., Manoj Kumar, Nikita Singhal, Suman L. Jain, Jonathan O. Babalola, Alexander V. Vorontsov, and Umesh Kumar. "Engineering and modeling the effect of Mg doping in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuels." Catalysis Science & Technology 8, no. 14 (2018): 3686–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cy00987b.

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The synthesized Mg-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) are superior photocatalysts for CO2 reduction. Most energetically profitable doping is obtained for sites by the use of quantum chemical computations.
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40

Lv, Houfu, Le Lin, Xiaomin Zhang, Dunfeng Gao, Yuefeng Song, Yingjie Zhou, Qingxue Liu, Guoxiong Wang, and Xinhe Bao. "In situ exsolved FeNi3 nanoparticles on nickel doped Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ perovskite for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 19 (2019): 11967–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta03065d.

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In situ exsolved FeNi3 nanoparticles on nickel doped Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ perovskite greatly enhance the performance of the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction.
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41

Zhang, Yanzhao, Xiya Wang, Peimei Dong, Zhengfeng Huang, Xiaoxiao Nie, and Xiwen Zhang. "TiO2 surfaces self-doped with Ag nanoparticles exhibit efficient CO2 photoreduction under visible light." RSC Advances 8, no. 29 (2018): 15991–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra02362j.

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42

Mukhopadhyay, Oeindrila, Soumita Dhole, Badal Kumar Mandal, Fazlur-Rahman Nawaz Khan, and Yong-Chien Ling. "Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of Zn2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ doped SnO2 nanoparticles." Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry 9, no. 5 (October 15, 2019): 4199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.33263/briac95.199204.

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Nanomaterials with many improved properties have been used in versatile applications. Herein we have synthesized SnO2 NPs doped with transition metal ions such as Zn2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ through a facile and inexpensive hydrothermal approach. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and UV-Vis analysis. The optical properties of the NPs were characterized by using UV–vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PLS). Their photocatalytic performances were investigated by degrading methylene blue (MB) dye with UV irradiation. Transition metal doping to SnO2 NPs improved the photocatalytic activity to degradation of methylene blue dye due to tuning of band gap energy i.e. lowering of band gap energy compared to undoped SnO2 NPs. The results suggest that the synthesized NPs could be used efficiently for remediation/degradation of environmentally hazardous dyes from waste water or environmental cleanup.
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43

Sathiya, S., J. Vijayapriya, K. Parasuraman, Durairaj Benny Anburaj, S. Joshua Gnanamuthu, and G. Nedunchezian. "Photocatalytic Activities of Cobalt-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles by Hydrothermal Method." Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials 32 (April 2021): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jmnm.32.33.

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Photocatalytically active cobalt-doped ZnO (Co: ZnO) hexagonal nanoparticles have been prepared by hydrothermal process. X-ray diffraction, SEM, FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopy confirmed that the dopant ions substitute for some of the lattice zinc ions, and furthermore, that Co2+ ion exists. The as-prepared Co: ZnO samples have an extended light absorption range compared with pure ZnO and showed highly efficient photocatalytic activity, only requiring 120 min to decompose ~90% of MB dye under sun light irradiation. The results indicated that a strong electronic interaction between the Co and ZnO was present, and that the incorporation of Co promoted the charge separation and enhanced the charge transfer ability and, at the same time, effectively inhibited the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers in ZnO, resulting in high visible light photocatalytic activity.
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44

Sun, Kun, Yujin Ji, Yuanyue Liu, and Zhijiang Wang. "Synergies between electronic and geometric effects of Mo-doped Au nanoparticles for effective CO2 electrochemical reduction." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 25 (2020): 12291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta04551a.

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45

Schrenk, Florian, Lorenz Lindenthal, Gernot Pacholik, Tina Navratil, Tobias Maximilian Berger, Hedda Drexler, Raffael Rameshan, Thomas Ruh, Karin Föttinger, and Christoph Rameshan. "Perovskite-Type Oxide Catalysts in CO2 Utilization: A Principal Study of Novel Cu-Doped Perovskites for Methanol Synthesis." Compounds 2, no. 4 (December 14, 2022): 378–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/compounds2040031.

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Six different perovskite-type oxides were investigated with respect to their ability for methanol synthesis via H2 and CO2: Fe-, Mn-, and Ti-based perovskites were prepared with and without Cu doping. For assessment, the catalysts were subjected to preliminary tests at atmospheric pressure to evaluate their ability to activate CO2. Additional catalytic tests with the doped versions of each catalyst type were carried out in a pressured reactor at 21 bar. After the measurements, the catalysts were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All catalysts were able to produce methanol in the pressure tests. CO2 conversions between 14% and 23% were reached at 400 °C, with the highest methanol selectivity at the lower temperature of 250 °C. The combination of XRD and SEM revealed that the Fe-based and Ti-based perovskites were stable under reaction conditions and that catalytically highly active and stable nanoparticles had formed. The minor formation of CaCO3, which is a deactivating phase, was observed for one catalyst. These nanoparticles showed resistance to coking and sintering. However, the yield and selectivity for methanol need to be improved via the further tailoring of the perovskite composition.
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46

Subash, M., M. Chandrasekar, S. Panimalar, C. Inmozhi, and R. Uthrakumar. "Synthesis, characterizations of pure and Co2+ doped iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic applications." Materials Today: Proceedings 56 (2022): 3413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.10.340.

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47

Yadav, HemrajM, and Jung-Sik Kim. "Sol–Gel Synthesis of Co2+-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles and Their Photocatalytic Activity Study." Science of Advanced Materials 9, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 1114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2017.2796.

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48

Zhao, Cong, Xin Shu, Da-chuan Zhu, Shang-hai Wei, Yu-xin Wang, Ming-jing Tu, and Wei Gao. "High visible light photocatalytic property of Co2+-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with mixed phases." Superlattices and Microstructures 88 (December 2015): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2015.08.022.

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49

Dutz, Silvio, Norbert Buske, Joachim Landers, Christine Gräfe, Heiko Wende, and Joachim H. Clement. "Biocompatible Magnetic Fluids of Co-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Tunable Magnetic Properties." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (May 27, 2020): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061019.

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Magnetite (Fe3O4) particles with a diameter around 10 nm have a very low coercivity (Hc) and relative remnant magnetization (Mr/Ms), which is unfavorable for magnetic fluid hyperthermia. In contrast, cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) particles of the same size have a very high Hc and Mr/Ms, which is magnetically too hard to obtain suitable specific heating power (SHP) in hyperthermia. For the optimization of the magnetic properties, the Fe2+ ions of magnetite were substituted by Co2+ step by step, which results in a Co doped iron oxide inverse spinel with an adjustable Fe2+ substitution degree in the full range of pure iron oxide up to pure cobalt ferrite. The obtained magnetic nanoparticles were characterized regarding their structural and magnetic properties as well as their cell toxicity. The pure iron oxide particles showed an average size of 8 nm, which increased up to 12 nm for the cobalt ferrite. For ferrofluids containing the prepared particles, only a limited dependence of Hc and Mr/Ms on the Co content in the particles was found, which confirms a stable dispersion of the particles within the ferrofluid. For dry particles, a strong correlation between the Co content and the resulting Hc and Mr/Ms was detected. For small substitution degrees, only a slight increase in Hc was found for the increasing Co content, whereas for a substitution of more than 10% of the Fe atoms by Co, a strong linear increase in Hc and Mr/Ms was obtained. Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed predominantly Fe3+ in all samples, while also verifying an ordered magnetic structure with a low to moderate surface spin canting. Relative spectral areas of Mössbauer subspectra indicated a mainly random distribution of Co2+ ions rather than the more pronounced octahedral site-preference of bulk CoFe2O4. Cell vitality studies confirmed no increased toxicity of the Co-doped iron oxide nanoparticles compared to the pure iron oxide ones. Magnetic heating performance was confirmed to be a function of coercivity as well. The here presented non-toxic magnetic nanoparticle system enables the tuning of the magnetic properties of the particles without a remarkable change in particles size. The found heating performance is suitable for magnetic hyperthermia application.
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50

Mao, Fangxin, Peng Fei Liu, Pengfei Yang, Jinlou Gu, and Hua Gui Yang. "One-step coating of commercial Ni nanoparticles with a Ni, N-co-doped carbon shell towards efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction." Chemical Communications 56, no. 54 (2020): 7495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc02188a.

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Commercial nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) were directly converted to efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction by urea–Ni solid powder pyrolysis, in which a Ni, N-co-doped graphite carbon shell wraps the Ni NPs in situ.
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