Academic literature on the topic '(co)variance'
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Journal articles on the topic "(co)variance"
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DA FONSECA, JOSÉ, MARTINO GRASSELLI, and FLORIAN IELPO. "HEDGING (CO)VARIANCE RISK WITH VARIANCE SWAPS." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 14, no. 06 (September 2011): 899–943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024911006784.
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In this paper, we quantify the impact on the representative agent's welfare of the presence of derivative products spanning covariance risk. In an asset allocation framework with stochastic (co)variances, we allow the agent to invest not only in the stocks but also in the associated variance swaps. We solve this optimal portfolio allocation program using the Wishart Affine Stochastic Correlation framework, as introduced in Da Fonseca, Grasselli and Tebaldi (2007): it shares the analytical tractability of the single-asset counterpart represented by the [36] model and it seems to be the natural framework for studying multivariate problems when volatilities as well as correlations are stochastic. What is more, this framework shows how variance swaps can implicitly span the covariance risk. We provide the explicit solution to the portfolio optimization problem and we discuss the structure of the portfolio loadings with respect to model parameters. Using real data on major indexes, we find that the impact of covariance risk on the optimal strategy is huge. It first leads to a portfolio that is mostly driven by the market price of volatility-covolatility risks. It is then strongly leveraged through variance swaps, thus leading to a much higher utility, when compared to the case when investing in such derivatives is not possible.
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Kumar, Divya, and K. K. Mishra. "Co-variance guided Artificial Bee Colony." Applied Soft Computing 70 (September 2018): 86–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2018.04.050.
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Gaddis, Monica L. "Statistical Methodology: IV. Analysis of Variance, Analysis of Co variance, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance." Academic Emergency Medicine 5, no. 3 (March 1998): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02624.x.
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Coltman, David W., Paul O'Donoghue, John T. Hogg, and Marco Festa-Bianchet. "SELECTION AND GENETIC (CO)VARIANCE IN BIGHORN SHEEP." Evolution 59, no. 6 (2005): 1372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1554/04-134.
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Alexander-Bloch, Aaron, Jay N. Giedd, and Ed Bullmore. "Imaging structural co-variance between human brain regions." Nature Reviews Neuroscience 14, no. 5 (March 27, 2013): 322–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn3465.
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Coltman, David W., Paul O'Donoghue, John T. Hogg, and Marco Festa-Bianchet. "SELECTION AND GENETIC (CO)VARIANCE IN BIGHORN SHEEP." Evolution 59, no. 6 (June 2005): 1372–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01786.x.
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Caroni, C., and P. Prescott. "Multivariate outlier tests with structured co variance matrices." Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation 38, no. 1-4 (May 1991): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00949659108811327.
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Tijani, A., G. R. Wiggans, C. P. Van Tassell, J. C. Philpot, and N. Gengler. "Use of (Co)Variance Functions to Describe (Co)Variances for Test Day Yield." Journal of Dairy Science 82, no. 1 (January 1999): 226.e1–226.e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75228-8.
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Karaman, Emre, Mogens S. Lund, and Guosheng Su. "Multi-trait single-step genomic prediction accounting for heterogeneous (co)variances over the genome." Heredity 124, no. 2 (October 22, 2019): 274–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-019-0273-4.
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Abstract Widely used genomic prediction models may not properly account for heterogeneous (co)variance structure across the genome. Models such as BayesA and BayesB assume locus-specific variance, which are highly influenced by the prior for (co)variance of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effect, regardless of the size of data. Models such as BayesC or GBLUP assume a common (co)variance for a proportion (BayesC) or all (GBLUP) of the SNP effects. In this study, we propose a multi-trait Bayesian whole genome regression method (BayesN0), which is based on grouping a number of predefined SNPs to account for heterogeneous (co)variance structure across the genome. This model was also implemented in single-step Bayesian regression (ssBayesN0). For practical implementation, we considered multi-trait single-step SNPBLUP models, using (co)variance estimates from BayesN0 or ssBayesN0. Genotype data were simulated using haplotypes on first five chromosomes of 2200 Danish Holstein cattle, and phenotypes were simulated for two traits with heritabilities 0.1 or 0.4, assuming 200 quantitative trait loci (QTL). We compared prediction accuracy from different prediction models and different region sizes (one SNP, 100 SNPs, one chromosome or whole genome). In general, highest accuracies were obtained when 100 adjacent SNPs were grouped together. The ssBayesN0 improved accuracies over BayesN0, and using (co)variance estimates from ssBayesN0 generally yielded higher accuracies than using (co)variance estimates from BayesN0, for the 100 SNPs region size. Our results suggest that it could be a good strategy to estimate (co)variance components from ssBayesN0, and then to use those estimates in genomic prediction using multi-trait single-step SNPBLUP, in routine genomic evaluations.
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Gengler, N., T. Dusseldorf, G. R. Wiggans, J. R. Wright, and T. Druet. "Heterogeneity of (Co)Variance Components for Jersey Type Traits." Journal of Dairy Science 84, no. 7 (July 2001): 1772.e1–1772.e17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(01)74613-9.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "(co)variance"
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Ahmed, Yasir. "A Model-Based Approach to Demodulation of Co-Channel MSK Signals." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36265.
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Co-channel interference limits the capacity of cellular systems, reduces the throughput of
wireless local area networks, and is the major hurdle in deployment of high altitude communication platforms. It is also a problem for systems operating in unlicensed bands such as the 2.4 GHz ISM band and for narrowband systems that have been overlaid with spread spectrum systems.
In this work we have developed model-based techniques for the demodulation of co-channel
MSK signals. It is shown that MSK signals can be written in the linear model form, hence a minimum variance unbiased (MVU) estimator exists that satisfies the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) with equality. This framework allows us to derive the
best estimators for a single-user and a two-user case. These concepts can also be extended to wideband signals and it is shown that the MVU estimator for Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum signals is in fact a decorrelator-based multiuser detector.
However, this simple linear representation does not always exist for continuous phase modulations. Furthermore, these linear estimators require perfect channel state information and phase synchronization at the receiver, which is not always implemented in wireless communication systems. To overcome these shortcomings of the linear estimation techniques, we employed an autoregressive modeling approach. It is well
known that the AR model can accurately represent peaks in the spectrum and therefore can be used as a general FM demodulator. It does not require knowledge of the exact signal model or phase synchronization at the receiver. Since it is a non-coherent reception technique, its performance is compared to that of the limiter discriminator. Simulation results have shown that model-based demodulators can give significant gains for certain phase and frequency offsets between the desired signal and an interferer.Master of Science
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Keele, John Wiliam. "Estimation of (co)variance components by weighted and unweighted symmetric differences squared, and selected MIVQUE's : relationships between methods and relative efficiencies /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487266011223482.
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Tusell, Palomero Llibertat. "Exploring the genetics of the efficiency of fertile AI dose production in rabbits." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/11842.
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Exploring the genetics of the efficiency of fertile AI dose production in rabbits
The general aim of this thesis has been to analyse sources of variation for some of the most important components of fertile artificial insemination (AI) dose production in order to explore the interest and limitations of different strategies for their genetic improvement in a paternal line of rabbits selected for growth rate. These components refer to seminal production and quality traits, being considered the male reproductive performance (fertility and prolificacy) as the final expression of the effect of the seminal characteristics and the effect of the interaction among them and with the female.
Genetic analyses of the seminal traits involved in AI dose production and growth rate were modelled using threshold and linear multiple-trait mixed models. Relationship between fertility and pH of the semen was analysed either using mixed or recursive mixed models. Male and female genetic contributions to fertility were estimated using additive or product threshold models and both models were compared by its ability of predicting fertility data. Existence of genotype x artificial insemination conditions for male effect on fertility and prolificacy was estimated under a Character state model. Finally, the product threshold model was used for estimating separately the effect of the environmental temperature on male and on female contributions to fertility. All inferences of this thesis have been done under a Bayesian approach.
Male libido and variables related to the quality of the ejaculate such as presence of
urine and calcium carbonates in the ejaculate, individual sperm motility, semen pH and
suitability for AI of the ejaculate (which involves the subjective combination of several semen
quality traits) were found to be lowly heritable, but repeatable.Tusell Palomero, L. (2011). Exploring the genetics of the efficiency of fertile AI dose production in rabbits [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/11842
Palancia
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HITAJ, ASMERILDA. "Portfolio allocation under general return distribution." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/11961.
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Modern Portfolio theory, developed by Markowitz (1952), is based on finding the best trade-off between risk and expected return. This model assumes that returns are normally distributed. In real life, for the majority of the assets this assumption is not true, as generally the distribution of returns has negative skewness and fat tails. This is more evident in case of hedge funds, commodities or emerging markets portfolios. Therefore, in these cases, a portfolio allocation based on the first two moments does not seem to be the right procedure, because we cannot ignore the higher moments. So, we need to find a way to incorporate the higher moments in the portfolio allocation decision. This is the reason why in this dissertation we will extend the Markowitz model to the higher moments and we will analyze the impact that skewness and kurtosis have on portfolio allocation.
To introduce the higher moments in the portfolio allocation, we will approximate the expected utility by a fourth order Taylor expansion and we will compare the portfolio allocation based on four moments with the portfolio based on the first two moments. To compare two different optimal portfolios we will use a measure called, Monetary Utility Gain/Loss (MUG) .
Furthermore, in the issue of constructing the optimal portfolio allocation, we will consider different approaches for the estimation of the co-moments. We will describe in more details three different approaches:
i. Sample approach
ii. Constant Correlation approach
iii. Shrinkage approach
In the empirical part, we will use a fix-mixed rolling window strategy with different calibrations periods, sample periods and levels of risk aversion.
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Sujipittham, Nattakorn. "Estimation of (co)variance components and genetic parameters for litters per sow per year and pigs weaned per sow per year." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Antonakakis, Nikolaos. "Exchange Return Co-movements and Volatility Spillovers Before and After the Introduction of Euro." Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2012.05.009.
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This paper examines return co-movements and volatility spillovers between major exchange rates before and after the introduction of euro. Dynamic correlations and VAR-based spillover index results suggest significant return co-movements and volatility spillovers, however, their extend is, on average, lower in the post-euro period. Co-movements and spillovers are positively associated with extreme episodes and US dollar appreciations. The euro (Deutsche mark) is the dominant net transmitter of volatility, while the British pound the dominant net receiver of volatility in both periods. Nevertheless, cross-market volatility spillovers are bidirectional, and the highest spillovers occur between European markets. (author's abstract)
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Marcondes, Cintia Righetti. ""Análise bayesiana da probabilidade de permanência no rebanho como característica de seleção para a raça Nelore"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17135/tde-19012004-100608/.
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As novas biotecnologias em reprodução, como a transferência de embriões e a fecundação in vitro, de certo modo, despertaram nos produtores e pesquisadores da área de melhoramento animal o interesse na seleção de fêmeas, antes pouco explorada dada a grande ênfase empregada na seleção e avaliação de reprodutores machos. A cada ano é percebido que a pecuária de corte funciona como uma empresa e, como tal, deve-se preocupar com todos os detalhes e não enfocando apenas um, como o mais importante, e é com isso que o Programa de Melhoramento Genético da Raça Nelore (PMGRN-USP) estuda cada vez mais um número maior de características como, stayability e suas possíveis aplicações à seleção das vacas Nelore, pois tem grande importância econômica. Com o objetivo de analisar a característica stayability sob enfoque Bayesiano, em registros de produção de vacas da raça Nelore, inicialmente foram implementados dois tamanhos de cadeia de Gibbs (225 ou 550 mil), dois períodos de descarte amostral (25 ou 50 mil) e duas formas de tomadas de amostra (a cada 1000 ou 250 rodadas). Os registros foram codificados como 0 (fracasso, ou menos de três partos até os 6 anos de idade) ou 1 (sucesso, ou pelo menos três partos até os 6 anos de idade) e os arquivos sofreram restrição ou não para NEP (Número Efetivo de Progênie), para número de touros dentro do grupo de contemporâneos (GC) e exclusão de grupos inteiros com média para a característica igual a 0 ou 1 (ou seja, sem variabilidade dentro do GC). Testaram-se três definições para GC. Utilizou-se o software MTGSAM for threshold (Multiple-Trait Gibbs Sampler for Animal Models), sob modelo unicaráter de touro-avô materno, para obtenção de componentes de (co)variância, estimativas de herdabilidade e soluções para cada touro (que originam as Diferenças Esperadas na Progênie - DEPs). As análises resultaram em amostras com baixa correlação serial, mostraram pequenas diferenças entre as estimativas pontuais de herdabilidade e alta correlação de rank para as DEPs dos 4180 touros avaliados. Adotou-se a implementação tamanho da cadeia/descarte amostral/amostragem como 225mil/25mil/1000 para as análises subseqüentes. A comparação entre estimativas de herdabilidade obtidas sob modelo de limiar e sob modelo linear não mostrou vantagens do primeiro, sendo que análises sob modelo linear, que têm reduzido tempo de processamento, poderiam ser preferidas quando houver muitos registros de produção, bastando transformar as estimativas de herdabilidade para escala subjacente. As comparações, sob modelo linear ajustadas para escala subjacente, entre a stayability padrão (0 ou 1) e a alternativa (considerando o número de partos até os seis anos de idade para aquelas vacas antes codificadas com valor 1), mostraram que podem ocorrer alterações na classificação de um número significativo de touros avaliados, mesmo sendo nas posições intermediárias do rank, talvez pela ligeira capacidade da característica alternativa em detectar variabilidade entre touros. Classificaram-se os 4180 touros em ordem decrescente e foram estudadas as genealogias dos 42 melhores (também chamados de TOP 1% ou aqueles que apresentam DEP para stayability superior a 57,6%) para identificar famílias importantes e avaliar a variabilidade genética da stayability. Além do touro Karvadi Imp. (essencialmente presente como avô, bisavô ou tataravô das mães dos touros TOP1%), outros genearcas com grande representatividade entre os TOP1% foram os touros Godhavari Imp. (via Kurupathy e Neofito), Rolex (via Cardeal), Rastã e Falo da BV (estes últimos pela via materna).The new reproduction technologies like embryo transfer and in vitro fertilization brought to animal breeding researchers, and producers, a growing interest in the selection of females, which was a subject not well explored before, when the focus used to be only on evaluation and selection of males. The beef cattle industry is becoming more competitive each year, and the producers must think about all the aspects and details that can affect the production process. The PMGRN-USP (Nelore Breeding Program of the São Paulo University) studies a large number of traits to be used as selection criteria. Among these traits, there is stayability, which has a great economic importance. The aim of this project was to analyze the trait stayability, with a Bayesian approach, in a Nelore cattle population. Firstly, the implementation used two lengths of Gibbs chain (225 or 550 thousand), two periods of burn-in (25 or 50 thousand) and two thinning intervals (at each 1000 or 250 rounds). The cows were classified as 0 (failure, or less than three calves until six years of age), or 1 (success, or at least 3 calves until six years of age). The data were, or were not, restricted for NEP (Effective Number of Progeny), for number of sires in the contemporary group (GC), and for lack of variability in the contemporary group. Three different definitions of GC were tested. The software MTGSAM for threshold (Multiple-Trait Gibbs Sampler for Animal Models) was used, under an univariate sire-maternal grandsire model to get the (co)variance components, the heritability estimate and the solutions to each sire (that are used to get the Expected Progeny Differences - EPD). The results showed a low serial correlation in the samples, small differences among heritability estimates and a high rank correlation among the EPD estimates of the 4180 sires evaluated. The implementation 225000/25000/1000 was adopted to the subsequent analysis. The comparison between the heritability estimates obtained under the threshold model and the linear model didnt show any advantage to the first. The analysis under linear models could be preferred because of its reduced processing time in large data sets, needing only a transformation of the heritability estimates to the underlying scale. The comparisons, under linear model adjusted to the underlying scale, between the standard stayalility (0 or 1) and the alternative (obtained from the perception of the fertility differences among the cows classified as 1) showed a variation in the position of a considerable number of sires in the rank, maybe because the alternative trait gets some additional variation among sires. 4180 sires were classified in a rank and the genealogies of the 42 best sires (or TOP 1%, or the ones with stayability EPD greater than 57,6%) were studied to identify major families and evaluate the genetic variation of stayability. Besides of Karvardi Imp (a bull very present as an ascendant (2, 3 or 4 generations) of the dams of the TOP1% sires), another founder sires with influence among the TOP1% were Godhavari Imp (via Kurupathy and Neofito), Rolex (via Cardeal), Rastã, and Falo da BV (the last two via maternal).
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Mankayi, Dolphia Thozama. "An investigation into the relationship between satisfaction with life and sense of coherence amongst the unemployed." University of the Western Cape, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7861.
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Magister Commercii (Industrial Psychology) - MCom(IPS)The present study investigated the relationship between the Sense Of Coherence and Satisfaction With Life amongst the unemployed. The study attempted to test the following hypotheses. 1. People with a high Sense Of Coherence tend to be satisfied with their lives in general. 2. Demographic variables such as age, gender, race and level of education have an influence on the subjects' scores on the Sense Of Coherence and Satisfaction With Life scales. 3. Length of unemployment has an impact on the subjects' Sense Of Coherence and Satisfaction With Life. In this study, subjects were drawn from the Department of Manpower in the Western Cape region. The data were obtained from a sample of 100 participants. Of this 100, 52 were males. Subjects were asked to complete the Sense Of Coherence and the Satisfaction With Life scales. Statistical procedures that were used are Multiple Linear Regression analysis, Product Moment Correlational Co-efficients, Analysis of Variance test (ANOVA) and the Cronbach Alphas of the various scales. It was found that Sense Of Coherence correlated significantly with Satisfaction With Life, thus supporting the first hypothesis. This led to the conclusion that a person with a strong Sense Of Coherence tends to be more satisfied with his/her life. However, a person with a weaker Sense Of Coherence finds it difficult to make sense out of his/her life. It was also found that most of the demographic variables did not reach any statistical significance. The general trend in this sample was that younger people had higher education and had been unemployed for fewer years. In comparison, older people were found to have less education and had been unemployed for more years. It was concluded that formal and informal education system will be necessary to develop and equip both young and older people with the experience and skills to use at work. This study was concluded by the discussion of the implications of the findings and suggestions for future research.
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Goneos-Malka, Amaleya Catherina. "Marketing to young adults in the context of a postmodern society." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30427.
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In today’s society media is ubiquitous. Through its pervasiveness it plays an inextricable role in society, impacting on culture, economy, politics, education and communication. In a postmodern society technological advances have had a profound impact on the development of media, most notably digital media. The intention of this study was to establish whether, in the context of an assumed postmodern culture, young South African adults display behaviour that manifest the tenets of postmodernism in their reactions to contemporary marketing and/or marketing communication, as apparent through their attitudes towards retail shopping and brands, together with their attitudes towards and use of digital media. In this instance digital media is limited to social media and media accessible on mobile phones. The unique properties and interactive capabilities of digital media have altered the dynamics of communication and have given rise to new applications that were not previously possible. This poses challenges for organisations in terms of marketing communication practices with one of the problem areas being that marketers do not know: - Whether young South African adults (Generation Y) exhibit postmodern behaviour, in the context of today’s postmodern culture.
- How young South African adults (Generation Y) use digital media?
- How to leverage the unique properties of digital media in marketing communication efforts directed towards young South African adults (Generation Y)?
- To question the application of modern marketing and/or marketing communication theories in postmodern society. In so doing, it suggested that in any given era marketing theories should be representative of the target society, therefore inferring the need to adjust existing theories and their application or formulate new ones that are representative of the specific era.
- To empirically determine whether Generation Y are exhibiting characteristics indicative of postmodern society.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Marketing Management
PhD
Unrestricted
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Goneos-Malka, Amaleya. "Marketing to young adults in the context of a postmodern society." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30427.
Full textAbstract:
In today’s society media is ubiquitous. Through its pervasiveness it plays an inextricable role in society, impacting on culture, economy, politics, education and communication. In a postmodern society technological advances have had a profound impact on the development of media, most notably digital media. The intention of this study was to establish whether, in the context of an assumed postmodern culture, young South African adults display behaviour that manifest the tenets of postmodernism in their reactions to contemporary marketing and/or marketing communication, as apparent through their attitudes towards retail shopping and brands, together with their attitudes towards and use of digital media. In this instance digital media is limited to social media and media accessible on mobile phones. The unique properties and interactive capabilities of digital media have altered the dynamics of communication and have given rise to new applications that were not previously possible. This poses challenges for organisations in terms of marketing communication practices with one of the problem areas being that marketers do not know: - Whether young South African adults (Generation Y) exhibit postmodern behaviour, in the context of today’s postmodern culture.
- How young South African adults (Generation Y) use digital media?
- How to leverage the unique properties of digital media in marketing communication efforts directed towards young South African adults (Generation Y)?
- To question the application of modern marketing and/or marketing communication theories in postmodern society. In so doing, it suggested that in any given era marketing theories should be representative of the target society, therefore inferring the need to adjust existing theories and their application or formulate new ones that are representative of the specific era.
- To empirically determine whether Generation Y are exhibiting characteristics indicative of postmodern society.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Marketing Management
PhD
Unrestricted
Books on the topic "(co)variance"
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Haber, Stephen. Authoritarian Government. Edited by Donald A. Wittman and Barry R. Weingast. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548477.003.0038.
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This article discusses authoritarian government, and argues that the literature on authoritarianism can be integrated into a unified framework that explains variance in economic performance across dictatorships. It discusses the organizational theory of dictatorship and addresses the question why there are few stationary bandits. The logic of terror, which is the most direct strategy to curb the launching organization, is introduced in one section. This is followed by a study of the logic of co-optation, which is the strategy of co-opting the leadership of a launching organization by buying its loyalty. The final section focuses on the logic of organizational proliferation.
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Anjum, Rani Lill, and Stephen Mumford. What’s in a Correlation? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198733669.003.0004.
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It might be thought that there is no longer any need to attack regularities theories of causation. But they remain influential insofar as they persist in the notion of correlation. Correlation can mean at least five different things: regularity, co-variance, stable proportion, invariance, and constancy. Discovery of correlation is often assumed as the proper starting point of causal science. Correlation between A and B can itself be due to many things, including pure coincidence. Bradford Hill suggested a more sophisticated approach to correlation that aimed to isolate the true causes. Statistical approaches now purport to do this better. All five types of correlation can be understood as worldly regularity so this is the concept that requires detailed scrutiny.
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Azzouni, Jody. Ontology Without Borders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190622558.001.0001.
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Part I is metametaphysics. Quantifier variance views are criticized, and it’s shown that ontological debate, to be cogent, requires a single existence concept shared by debate participants. Natural language expresses such a concept which has certain formal properties—univocality among them. It’s shown that an ontological neutralist interpretation of quantifier domains (both formal- and natural-language) is consistent and consistent with usage data. Finally, several puzzles, among them Hob-Nob sentences and truth-talk about fictions, are resolved using the neutralist interpretation. A result established here is crucial to establishing the metaphysics argued for in part II: the general invalidity of indispensability arguments. Part II is metaphysics. An austere metaphysical position—feature metaphysics—is presented and argued for. Features aren’t properties or relations or objects of any sort. They have no individuation conditions. A feature-characterization language, with the expressive strength provided by quantifiers, is given; and using the results of part I, it’s shown that no commitments to objects arise when using this language. Feature-characterization languages supplant predication (properties of objects) with an “is at” relation or a co-occurrence relation between features. It’s shown that the resulting notion doesn’t yield a property-bundle view. Feature metaphysics is argued for by showing that the notion of object borders (central to individuation conditions for objects) cannot be interpreted metaphysically. This is also true of the individuation conditions used by philosophers to argue for tropes over universals, or vice versa. The resulting position allows us to distinguish what we project onto the world from what we find there.
Book chapters on the topic "(co)variance"
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Malkeson, Sean P., Daniel H. Wacks, and Nilanjan Chakraborty. "Modelling of Variance and Co-variance in Turbulent Flame–Droplet Interaction: A Direct Numerical Simulation Analysis." In Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, 313–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7449-3_12.
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Gupta, Shashank, Divya Kumar, and K. K. Mishra. "Truss Structure Optimization Using Co-variance Based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 174–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41000-5_17.
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Abdul Kadhar, K. Mohaideen, and S. Baskar. "Non-fragile Robust PI Controller Design Using Co-variance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategy." In Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing, 32–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03756-1_4.
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Gilmour, Arthur R., Brian R. Cullis, Alison B. Frensham, and Robin Thompson. "(Co)Variance Structures for Linear Models in the Analysis of Plant Improvement Data." In COMPSTAT, 53–64. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01131-7_5.
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Vimala, S., Sriramadasu Kalpana, EI-Sheikh A. EI-Syed, and D. M. Mamatha. "Screening of Genetic Variance Based on CO-I Gene Analysis of Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Races." In Learning and Analytics in Intelligent Systems, 287–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46939-9_25.
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Diaz, Estrella, Águeda Esteban, Rocío Carranza, Carlos Sánchez-Camacho, and David Martín-Consuegra. "How Do Affect the Infusion of Smart Technology and Mindfulness of Tourism SMEs on Competitiveness?" In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2023, 77–81. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25752-0_7.
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AbstractThe purpose of this research is to analyse the effect of the infusion of smart technologies and the mindfulness of tourism small and medium-sized organisations (SMEs) in the use of smart technologies on several aspects related to the companies and their employees. Specifically, its effect on service advantage, value co-creation, employee job satisfaction, employees’ perception of service cannibalisation and competitiveness of tourism companies is analyzed. The total sample obtained was 877 employees/managers of tourism SMEs located in Europe and the United States. The model proposed in the study was estimated with PLS-SEM, a variance-based structural equation modeling statistical technique. The results of the study offer important implications and recommendations to researchers in the tourism field, tourism organisations and destinations on the importance of using smart technologies.
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Kreitler, Shulamith, and Carmit Benbenishty. "COGNITIVE AND MOTIVATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF INTUITION." In Advances in Psychology and Psychological Trends, 159–69. inScience Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021pad15.
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The objective of the study was to identify cognitive and motivational components of intuition. The methodology was based on the meaning system, which enables identifying cognitive variables involved in a specific cognitive act, and on the cognitive orientation (CO) theory which enables assessing cognitions supporting specific behaviors. The hypotheses were that the findings would enable identifying cognitive and motivational variables unique for intuition. We expected that the cognitive and motivational variables separately would predictintuition and that both together would enable a better prediction than each separately. A set of cognitive variables related to intuition was identified and accounted for 29.2% of the variance. It included variables indicating interpersonally-shared and personal meanings, attending to overall general contexts and specific details, to the abstract and the concrete. The four belief types of the CO predicted intuition and accounted for 30.4% of the variance. The four types referred to the themes concerning emotions, opening-up, fast solutions, comprehensive view, and self reliance.Both sets of the cognitive and motivational variables together accounted for 39.19% of the variance. The findings show that both cognition and motivation contribute to intuition and need to be considered for predicting intuition, assessing it, and intervening for its improvement.
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Pickel, Gert, and Susanne Pickel. "Quantitative Methods in Transformation Research." In The Handbook of Political, Social, and Economic Transformation, 191–200. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829911.003.0019.
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Quantitative methods used in research on transformation are based on categorizations and translation of information into figures. We can distinguish analyses of basic statistical data and survey data, which use representative samples to characterize populations. Quantitative macro analyses of measures of democracy, and analyses of quantitative micro data of political attitudes, provide the most important findings for transformation research. For future research, it is desirable to expand existing time series (providing macro and micro quantitative data), and to analyse interdependencies (in a chronologically comparative perspective, too). A convergence of approaches that are influenced by area research and macro approaches would also be useful. An increase in use of multilevel analyses and multi-method designs may support this development. It would also highlight the capacity of the field and cases covered by transformation research—namely, the greater variance of outputs and outcomes within transformation countries compared to the variance within Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries.
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Grabowski, Wojciech. "Stock Markets of the Visegrad Countries after Their Accession to the European Union." In Banking and Finance. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92102.
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In this chapter, interlinkages between stock markets in CEE-4 countries and capital markets in developed countries are analyzed. Changes of variance on stock markets in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary are identified. Differences among countries are analyzed. Capital markets of these countries are compared in terms of market efficiency. Moreover, co-movements of stock markets in Visegrad countries with capital markets in developed countries are studied. Different specifications of multivariate GARCH models are studied. Asymmetric GARCH-BEKK model and Asymmetric Generalized Dynamic Conditional Correlation model are considered.
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Dobrescu, Radu, and Dan Popescu. "Image Processing Applications Based on Texture and Fractal Analysis." In Applied Signal and Image Processing, 226–50. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-477-6.ch014.
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Texture analysis research attempts to solve two important kinds of problems: texture segmentation and texture classification. In some applications, textured image segmentation can be solved by classification of small regions obtained from image partition. Two classes of features are proposed in the decision theoretic recognition problem for textured image classification. The first class derives from the mean co-occurrence matrices: contrast, energy, entropy, homogeneity, and variance. The second class is based on fractal dimension and is derived from a box-counting algorithm. For the purpose of increasing texture classification performance, the notions “mean co-occurrence matrix” and “effective fractal dimension” are introduced and utilized. Some applications of the texture and fractal analyses are presented: road analysis for moving objective, defect detection in textured surfaces, malignant tumour detection, remote land classification, and content based image retrieval. The results confirm the efficiency of the proposed methods and algorithms.
Conference papers on the topic "(co)variance"
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Alagurajah, Jeevithan, and Chee-Hung Henry Chu. "Adversarial defense by restricting in-variance and co-variance of representations." In SAC '22: The 37th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477314.3507067.
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Schubert, Erich, and Michael Gertz. "Numerically stable parallel computation of (co-)variance." In SSDBM '18: 30th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3221269.3223036.
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Hagiwara, Hiroki, Yoshinori Takahashi, and Kazunori Miyoshi. "Reflected wave reproduction using the Co-Variance Method." In 2014 IEEE 3rd Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2014.7031255.
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Sullivan, Terrence B., and Keith Kirkpatrick. "Consideration of Co-Variance in Power Plant Test Uncertainty Calculations." In ASME 2007 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2007-22095.
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One of the most important aspects of American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Performance Test Code (PTC) thermal performance testing is the proper determination of test uncertainty since the Uncertainty Analysis (UA) validates the quality of a test as well as demonstrates that the test meets code requirements. It can also carry a commercial relevance when test tolerances are linked to uncertainty figures. This paper introduces an approach to the calculation of the random component of uncertainty when covariance exists between certain primary measurements in thermal performance testing. It demonstrates how to identify parameters that are co-variant, provides a methodology for properly calculating the aggregated random uncertainty of co-variant measurements, and discusses the effect of co-variance on UA results.
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Rafi, Shaik, and Ranjita Das. "A Linear Sub-Structure with Co-Variance Shift for Image Captioning." In 2021 8th International Conference on Soft Computing & Machine Intelligence (ISCMI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscmi53840.2021.9654828.
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Wang, Yu, Bin Li, and Xuexiao Lai. "Variance priority based cooperative co-evolution differential evolution for large scale global optimization." In 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983086.
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Zhang, Rongting, Guoqing Zhou, Jingjin Huang, and Xiang Zhou. "Maximum variance unfolding based co-location decision tree for remote sensing image classification." In 2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127803.
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MAMAT, ARIFIN, ISMAIEL HASSANEIN, MOHAMAD AZRIEN, and MOHD BURHAN. "Construct Validation of Teacher Efficacy in Teaching Arabic Scale A Co Variance Based Approach." In Third International Conference on Advances in Management, Economics and Social Science - MES 2015. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-081-1-34.
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Toelle, Brian, B. J. Carney, and Richard Campbell. "2‐D variance and blended attribute analysis of deep structures in Lincoln, Co., West Virginia." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2004. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1842408.
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Otic´, I., and A. G. Class. "Numerical Investigation of a Heated Sodium Jet in a Co-Flow." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37566.
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Results of a numerical simulation of turbulent heated sodium jet in a co-flow using a combined LES-DNS approach are presented. The calculations correspond to the experiment of Knebel, Krebs, Muller and Axcell [1]. In agreement with the experimental results co-flow suppresses flow reversal along the outlet pipe wall. Comparisons of mean velocity, mean temperature, and temperature variance between experimental and numerical results show fairly good agreement. The results support the applicability of the combined LES-DNS approach for this type of flows. Simulations using this approach may complement experimental studies, allowing for better insight into the physical mechanisms of liquid metal turbulent heat transfer.
Reports on the topic "(co)variance"
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Holbrook, Donald. Deconstructing Rightwing Extremism: Conceptual Variance and Attitudes Towards Islam. RESOLVE Network, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2022.3.
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The purpose of this report is to map, conceptually and empirically, the diverse elements that constitute rightwing extremism. The aim is to offer readers a guide to this complexity and an appreciation for the numerous ideas, actors, and outcomes associated with RWE. The report is divided into two parts. The first focuses on the conceptual issues associated with RWE while the second explores how this complexity plays out in practice by examining various ways in which RWE has framed and reacted to Islam. This case study was selected as it illustrates the intricacies of varied and evolving RWE responses and because Islam and Muslims are often a major target of RWE violence and hostility. In Part 1 we caution against describing RWE as a single movement or an ideology given that those associated with RWE, overall, lack the common bonds that bind members of a movement together. We explore the substance of this complexity and summarize the key features on a schema focusing on actors, ideas, and outcomes associated with RWE. In Part 2 we illustrate, with reference to this conceptual complexity, how a plethora of mainly European RWE approaches to Islam underscores the pluralism of ideas and interpretations within RWE. This ideological plurality steers its proponents in divergent directions and results in varied outcomes. Not only do right-wing extremists, including those inspired by white supremacism, nationalism, and cultural nativism, adopt divergent positions on the issue, their approach ranges widely from co-optation and inspiration to non-engagement and outright hostility. These divergent positions, in turn, differ depending on local contexts, frames of reference, core beliefs, and individuals’ interpretations of each of these factors. This heterogeneity has important implications for practitioners, policymakers and those who study RWE movements. Importantly, perceptions of threat are not constant or consistent across RWE movements. Varied threat perceptions can, in turn, produce different types of violence and extremism, with a diverse and inconsistent list of potential targets for violent acts, potential allies, and perceived constituents among RWE actors.
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Wisniewski, Michael E., Samir Droby, John L. Norelli, Noa Sela, and Elena Levin. Genetic and transcriptomic analysis of postharvest decay resistance in Malus sieversii and the characterization of pathogenicity effectors in Penicillium expansum. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600013.bard.
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Blue mold of apple caused by Penicilliumexpansumis a major postharvest disease. Selection for postharvest disease resistance in breeding programs has been ignored in favor of fruit quality traits such as size, color, taste, etc. The identification of postharvest disease resistance as a heritable trait would represent a significant accomplishment and has not been attempted in apple. Furthermore, insight into the biology of the pathogenicity of P. expansumin apple could provide new approaches to postharvest decay management. Hypothesis: Postharvest resistance of apple to P. expansumcan be mapped to specific genetic loci and significant quantitative-trait-loci (QTLs) can be identified that account for a major portion of the population variance. Susceptibility of apple fruit to P. expansumis dependent on the ability of the pathogen to produce LysM effectors that actively suppress primary and/or secondary resistance mechanisms in the fruit. Objectives: 1) Identify QTL(s) and molecular markers for blue mold resistance in GMAL4593 mapping population (‘Royal Gala’ X MalussieversiiPI613981), 2) Characterize the transcriptome of the host and pathogen (P. expansum) during the infection process 3) Determine the function of LysM genes in pathogenicity of P. expansum. Methods: A phenotypic evaluation of blue mold resistance in the GMAL4593 mapping population, conducted in several different years, will be used for QTL analysis (using MapQTL 6.0) to identify loci associated with blue mold resistance. Molecular markers will be developed for the resistance loci. Transcriptomic analysis by RNA-seq will be used to conduct a time course study of gene expression in resistant and susceptible apple GMAL4593 genotypes in response to P. expansum, as well as fungal responses to both genotypes. Candidate resistance genes identified in the transcriptomic study and or bioinformatic analysis will be positioned in the ‘Golden Delicious’ genome to identify markers that co-locate with the identified QTL(s). A functional analysis of LysM genes on pathogenicity will be conducted by eliminating or reducing the expression of individual effectors by heterologous recombination and silencing technologies. LysMeffector genes will also be expressed in a yeast expression system to study protein function. Expected Results: Identification of postharvest disease resistance QTLs and tightly-linked genetic markers. Increased knowledge of the role of effectors in blue mold pathogenic