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Journal articles on the topic 'Co-Optimisation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 20 April 2024

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1

Guan, X. "Supersonic wing-body wave drag co-ordinated optimisation based on FCE methodology." Aeronautical Journal 118, no. 1209 (November 2014): 1359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000010010.

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Abstract Wave drag reduction is important for the aerodynamic performance optimisation of supersonic cruise aircrafts, such as the supersonic civil transport and the supersonic cruise missile. In this paper a method of the supersonic wing-body wave drag optimisation, the wave drag co-optimisation based on far-field composite elements (CoFCE), is proposed based on class-shape-transformation (CST) parameterisation. Wave drag optimisation cases of a supersonic civil transport wing-body are presented, including the optimisation results and computation cost analyses. It is suggested that the supersonic wing-body wave drag can be significantly reduced by the proposed method with relatively small numbers of design parameter. In the optimisation case presented in this paper a 45% wave drag reduction is achieved. The wave drag optimised configuration also achieved significant lift to drag ratio improvements in small angles-of-attack supersonic cruise flight conditions.

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Kumar, K. C. Hari, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, and L. Delaey. "Thermodynamic optimisation of the Co–Nb system." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 267, no. 1-2 (March 1998): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(97)00465-9.

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Yang, Liunan, Massimiliano Gobbi, Gianpiero Mastinu, Giorgio Previati, and Federico Ballo. "Multi-Disciplinary Optimisation of Road Vehicle Chassis Subsystems." Energies 15, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 2172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062172.

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Two vehicle chassis design tasks were solved by decomposition-based multi-disciplinary optimisation (MDO) methods, namely collaborative optimisation (CO) and analytical target cascading (ATC). A passive suspension system was optimised by applying both CO and ATC. Multiple parameters of the spring and damper were selected as design variables. The discomfort, road holding, and total mass of the spring–damper combination were the objective functions. An electric vehicle (EV) powertrain design problem was considered as the second test case. Energy consumption and gradeability were optimised by including the design of the electric motor and the battery pack layout. The standard single-level all-in-one (AiO) multi-objective optimisation method was compared with ATC and CO methods. AiO methods showed some limitations in terms of efficiency and accuracy. ATC proved to be the best choice for the design problems presented in this paper, since it provided solutions with good accuracy in a very efficient way. The proposed investigation on MDO methods can be useful for designers, to choose the proper optimisation approach, while solving complex vehicle design problems.

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4

Wejnerowska, Grażyna, and Anna Ciaciuch. "Optimisation of oil extraction from quinoa seeds with supercritical carbon dioxide with co-solvents." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 1 (February 28, 2018): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/122/2017-cjfs.

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In the present work supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide was performed to obtain oil from quinoa seeds. The effects of extraction variables – namely pressure, temperature, time, particle size, and co-solvent, on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction are investigated. Total extraction yields and compositions using pure CO<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> + selected co-solvents are compared. The maximum recovery for quinoa oil is found to be about 89%, and is obtained when extractions are carried out at 25 MPa, 40°C for 80 minutes. A significant effect on the oil recovery is exerted by size reduction of seeds to a particle size ≤ 0.50 mm and addition of co-solvent to seed in an amount of 20% – methanol/ethanol (1 : 1, w/w). Irrespective of the extraction method and conditions, the fatty acid composition is not substantially changed.

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Kim, H. J., J. Shin, S. Kang, S. J. Kim, and M. J. Tahk. "Ionic electroactive polymer control using co-evolutionary optimisation." Electronics Letters 43, no. 16 (2007): 859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20071315.

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6

Kianifar, Mohammed Reza, and Felician Campean. "Global Optimisation of Car Front-End Geometry to Minimise Pedestrian Head Injury Levels." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 2873–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.294.

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AbstractThe paper presents a multidisciplinary design optimisation strategy for car front-end profile to minimise head injury criteria across pedestrian groups. A hybrid modelling strategy was used to simulate the car- pedestrian impact events, combining parametric modelling of front-car geometry with pedestrian models for the kinematics of crash impact. A space filling response surface modelling strategy was deployed to study the head injury response, with Optimal Latin Hypercube (OLH) Design of Experiments sampling and Kriging technique to fit response models. The study argues that the optimisation of the front-end car geometry for each of the individual pedestrian models, using evolutionary optimisation algorithms is not an effective global optimization strategy as the solutions are not acceptable for other pedestrian groups. Collaborative Optimisation (CO) multidisciplinary design optimisation architecture is introduced instead as a global optimisation strategy, and proven that it can enable simultaneous minimisation of head injury levels for all the pedestrian groups, delivering a global optimum solution which meets the safety requirements across the pedestrian groups.

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7

Azizul, Nurul Husna, Hermizi Hapidin, Hasmah Abdullah, Maryam Azlan, Ahmad Azlina, and Ima Nirwana Soelaiman. "Optimisation of Human Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts Co-Culture Model." Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine 6, S1 (November 9, 2022): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/ajmb.2022.6.s1.535.

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Osteoblasts (OBs) and Osteoclasts (OCs) are two main specialised cells involved in the bone-remodeling process which are responsible for new bone formation and aged bone resorption respectively [1]. However, these cells do not act independent of each other since several communication pathways have been identified between them [2]. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) are mainly produced by OBs in the bone play a central role in OCs differentiation (osteoclastogenesis) [3]. Therefore, OBs/OCs co-culture has provided a new approach for studying bone diseases in vitro since the cellular environment is closer to in vivo environment compared to monoculture [4]. However, establishment of OBs/OCs co-culture model are often time consuming. A study concluded that optimal osteoclast differentiation is between 9 and 16 days with M-CSF and RANKL stimulation [5]. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the optimal time-point for osteoclastogenesis in OBs/OCs co-culture without external stimulation to establish a novel, reliable and replicable human OBs/OCs co-culture system. Human foetal osteoblastic cell (hFOBs 1.19) was used as the source of OBs while human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was used as the source of OCs. PBMCs were isolated from the blood of healthy donors after going through density centrifugation process. OBs were maintained in a T25 culture flask until 90% confluency. Three thousand cells/well of OBs was seeded in the 6 well plate. After 3 days, 1500 cells/well of PBMCs were directly added to OBs. Tartrate-resistance acid phosphate (TRAP) staining was conducted using a TRAP staining kit to validate the OCs maturation after 9 to16 days of co-culture. Quantitative analysis of TRAP activity in culture supernatants was measured using microplate reader at 540 nm optical density (OD). Qualitative examination of OBs/OCs co-culture after 9 days of co-culture showed reddish appearance indicating TRAP-positive cells (Figure 1). This validates the differentiation of PBMCs into mature functioning OCs at day 9 of cultivation without any external stimulation. However, TRAP-positive cells are the most abundant at day 11 of co-culture. This is supported by quantitative analysis of TRAP activity in the co-culture supernatant which exhibited the peak of the TRAP activity at day 11 (Figure 2). A longer cultivation period did not improve TRAP activity. In previous report, TRAP-positive cells were observed at day 14 of co-culture without any artificial inducer [6]. However, in this study TRAP-positive cells already presence after 9 days of co-culture and the most abundance at day 11. This might be different depending on the cell concentration and size of the culture flask or well plate used. This study demonstrates that OCs differentiation of PBMC could be reached after 9 days of co-culture. However, the optimum OBs/OCs co-culture duration was determined at 11 days since the TRAP-positive cells were more abundance and TRAP activity in the supernatant was higher. The longer co-culture period did not increase the TRAP-positive cells and TRAP activity. Therefore, a reliable bone cell co-culture system capable of mimicking the bone-remodelling process in humans could be achieved after 11 days of co-culture with 3000 cells/well of OBs and 1500 cells/well of PBMCs in 6 well plate.

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8

Gao, Yichen, Ming Zhao, and Xiaoyu Song. "Parameter co-evolution mechanism of particle swarm optimisation algorithm." International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling 15, no. 3 (2020): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijspm.2020.10029339.

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Zhao, Ming, Xiaoyu Song, and Yichen Gao. "Parameter co-evolution mechanism of particle swarm optimisation algorithm." International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling 15, no. 3 (2020): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijspm.2020.107327.

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10

Rashid, A. N. M. Bazlur, and Tonmoy Choudhury. "Cooperative Co-Evolution and MapReduce." International Journal of Information Technology Project Management 12, no. 1 (January 2021): 29–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitpm.2021010102.

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Real-word large-scale optimisation problems often result in local optima due to their large search space and complex objective function. Hence, traditional evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are not suitable for these problems. Distributed EA, such as a cooperative co-evolutionary algorithm (CCEA), can solve these problems efficiently. It can decompose a large-scale problem into smaller sub-problems and evolve them independently. Further, the CCEA population diversity avoids local optima. Besides, MapReduce, an open-source platform, provides a ready-to-use distributed, scalable, and fault-tolerant infrastructure to parallelise the developed algorithm using the map and reduce features. The CCEA can be distributed and executed in parallel using the MapReduce model to solve large-scale optimisations in less computing time. The effectiveness of CCEA, together with the MapReduce, has been proven in the literature for large-scale optimisations. This article presents the cooperative co-evolution, MapReduce model, and associated techniques suitable for large-scale optimisation problems.

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11

Byrski, Aleksander, Rafał Dreżewski, Leszek Siwik, and Marek Kisiel-Dorohinicki. "Evolutionary multi-agent systems." Knowledge Engineering Review 30, no. 2 (March 2015): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888914000289.

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AbstractThe aim of this paper is to give a survey on the development and applications of evolutionary multi-agent systems (EMAS). The paper starts with a general introduction describing the background, structure and behaviour of EMAS. EMAS application to solving global optimisation problems is presented in the next section along with its modification targeted at lowering the computation costs by early removing certain agents based on immunological inspirations. Subsequent sections deal with the elitist variant of EMAS aimed at solving multi-criteria optimisation problems, and the co-evolutionary one aimed at solving multi-modal optimisation problems. Each variation of EMAS is illustrated with selected experimental results.

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12

Chalabi, Z. S., and W. Zhou. "Optimisation of CO 2 Enrichment in Greenhouses Constrained by Limited CO 2 Supply and CO 2 Dynamics." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 30, no. 26 (October 1997): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)41254-7.

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13

Al Shereiqi, A., B. Mohandes, A. Al‐Hinai, M. Bakhtvar, R. Al‐Abri, M. S. El Moursi, and M. Albadi. "Co‐optimisation of wind farm micro‐siting and cabling layouts." IET Renewable Power Generation 15, no. 8 (March 22, 2021): 1848–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12154.

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14

Khan, Saima, Przemyslaw Grudniewski, Yousaf Shad Muhammad, and Adam J. Sobey. "The benefits of co-evolutionary Genetic Algorithms in voyage optimisation." Ocean Engineering 245 (February 2022): 110261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.110261.

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15

Ammar, I., L. Gerbaud, Ph R. Marin, and F. Wurtz. "Co‐sizing of an electromechanical device by using optimisation process." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 24, no. 3 (September 2005): 997–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321640510598292.

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16

Walton, Sean, Oubay Hassan, and Kenneth Morgan. "Advances in co-volume mesh generation and mesh optimisation techniques." Computers & Structures 181 (March 2017): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2016.06.009.

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17

Rabinovich, Daniil, Richik Sengupta, Ernesto Campos, Vishwanathan Akshay, and Jacob Biamonte. "Progress towards Analytically Optimal Angles in Quantum Approximate Optimisation." Mathematics 10, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10152601.

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The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm is a p layer, time variable split operator method executed on a quantum processor and driven to convergence by classical outer-loop optimisation. The classical co-processor varies individual application times of a problem/driver propagator sequence to prepare a state which approximately minimises the problem’s generator. Analytical solutions to choose optimal application times (called parameters or angles) have proven difficult to find, whereas outer-loop optimisation is resource intensive. Here we prove that the optimal quantum approximate optimisation algorithm parameters for p=1 layer reduce to one free variable and in the thermodynamic limit, we recover optimal angles. We moreover demonstrate that conditions for vanishing gradients of the overlap function share a similar form which leads to a linear relation between circuit parameters, independent of the number of qubits. Finally, we present a list of numerical effects, observed for particular system size and circuit depth, which are yet to be explained analytically.

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18

Wang, Yongji, David M. Lane, and Gavin J. Falconer. "Two novel approaches for unmanned underwater vehicle path planning: constrained optimisation and semi-infinite constrained optimisation." Robotica 18, no. 2 (March 2000): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574799002015.

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In this paper, two novel approaches to unmanned underwater vehicle path planning are presented. The main idea of the first approach, referred to as Constrained Optimisation (CO) is to represent the free space of the workspace as a set of inequality constraints using vehicle configuration variables. The second approach converts robot path planning into a Semi-infinite Constrained Optimisation (SCO) problem. The function interpolation technique is adopted to satisfy the start and goal configuration requirements. Mathematical foundations for Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG), Boolean operations and approximation techniques are also presented to reduce the number of constraints, and to avoid local minima. The advantages of these approaches are that the mature techniques developed in optimisation theory which guarantee convergence, efficiency and numerical robustness can be directly applied to the robot path planning problem. Simulation results have been presented.

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19

Evans, Arwyn, Matthew Cummings, Donato Decarolis, Diego Gianolio, Salman Shahid, Gareth Law, Martin Attfield, David Law, and Camille Petit. "Optimisation of Cu+ impregnation of MOF-74 to improve CO/N2 and CO/CO2 separations." RSC Advances 10, no. 9 (2020): 5152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra10115b.

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20

Middel, Jan, Kinanthi Sutopo, Bart Heesbeen, René Verbeek, Nick van den Dungen, Raúl Sáez, Xavier Prats, and Angelo Riccio. "CO₂ and non-CO₂ balanced Environmental Scores Module for flight performance evaluation and optimisation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2526, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2526/1/012013.

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Abstract The SESAR2020 exploratory research (ER4) programme CREATE (Grant 890898) developed a climate and weather aware Concept of Operations (ConOps) which encompasses a multi-aircraft 4D trajectory optimisation framework, which utilises a CO2 and non-CO2 balanced Environmental Scores Module (ESM) for the en-route flight phase. The ESM provides a computational method to evaluate the “greenness” of aircraft trajectories. Some components related to the internal ESM scoring are based on expert judgement, which is in line with the technology readiness level (TRL) 1 of the solution. Fast-time simulations were performed to demonstrate the proof-of-concept of the ESM in a multi-aircraft tactical optimisation scenario in the North-Atlantic region. The results show that, because of the simplicity of the metric, the ESM could be well used for trajectory optimisation and tactical replanning, and most likely as well as flight and ATC sector environmental performance evaluations.

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21

Tong, Zeqi, Cheng Shen, Jie Fang, Mingming Ding, and Huimin Tao. "Research on the Application of Structural Topology Optimisation in the High-Precision Design of a Press Machine Frame." Processes 12, no. 1 (January 20, 2024): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12010226.

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This article aims to optimise the structure of a press machine to enhance its stability and accuracy, as well as reduce the frame deformation during processing. The outer supporting frame of the JH31-250 press machine (Zhejiang Weili Forging Machinery Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, China) is used as a typical sample for exploring optimisation. Commercial software is utilised to conduct a finite element analysis on the three-dimensional model of the press machine frame. A topological optimisation algorithm using the solid isotropic microstructures with penalisation (SIMP) method is then applied to improve the structure of the press frame. The size of the topological structure is further refined with the response surface method and particle swarm optimisation method to ensure it is more relevant to engineering application. The analysis results indicate that the initial frame’s deformation under the static conditions is 0.4229 mm, and after optimisation, the deformed structural displacement is 0.2548 mm, a decrease of 39.75%. Additionally, a simplified experimental method is designed to effectively validate the simulation and the proposed design.

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Thiruvady, Dhananjay, Asef Nazari, and Aldeida Aleti. "Multi-objective Beam-ACO for Maximising Reliability and Minimising Communication Overhead in the Component Deployment Problem." Algorithms 13, no. 10 (October 3, 2020): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a13100252.

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Automated deployment of software components into hardware resources is a highly constrained optimisation problem. Hardware memory limits which components can be deployed into the particular hardware unit. Interacting software components have to be deployed either into the same hardware unit, or connected units. Safety concerns could restrict the deployment of two software components into the same unit. All these constraints hinder the search for high quality solutions that optimise quality attributes, such as reliability and communication overhead. When the optimisation problem is multi-objective, as it is the case when considering reliability and communication overhead, existing methods often fail to produce feasible results. Moreover, this problem can be modelled by bipartite graphs with complicating constraints, but known methods do not scale well under the additional restrictions. In this paper, we develop a novel multi-objective Beam search and ant colony optimisation (Beam-ACO) hybrid method, which uses problem specific bounds derived from communication, co-localisation and memory constraints, to guide the search towards feasibility. We conduct an experimental evaluation on a range of component deployment problem instances with varying levels of difficulty. We find that Beam-ACO guided by the co-localisation constraint is most effective in finding high quality feasible solutions.

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23

Hu, Chengyu, Qingzhong Liang, Yuanyuan Fan, and Guangming Dai. "Multi-swarm co-evolutionary paradigm for dynamic multi-objective optimisation problems." International Journal of Intelligent Information and Database Systems 5, no. 6 (2011): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijiids.2011.043126.

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24

Liu-Jimenez, J., R. Sanchez-Reillo, L. Mengibar-Pozo, and O. Miguel-Hurtado. "Optimisation of biometric ID tokens by using hardware/software co-design." IET Biometrics 1, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-bmt.2012.0004.

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25

Yu, Yulong, Yuxin Wang, He Guo, and Xubin He. "Optimisation schemes to improve hybrid co-scheduling for concurrent virtual machines." International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems 28, no. 1 (February 2013): 46–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445760.2012.656309.

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26

Hu, Xiaotong, and Tianqi Liu. "Co-optimisation for distribution networks with multi-microgrids based on a two-stage optimisation model with dynamic electricity pricing." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 11, no. 9 (June 22, 2017): 2251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.1602.

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27

Wright, Nicolas G., C. Mark Johnson, Alton B. Horsfall, Cyril Buttay, Konstantin Vassilevski, W. S. Loh, R. Skuriat, and P. Agyakwa. "Applications-Based Design of SiC Technology." Materials Science Forum 600-603 (September 2008): 919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.600-603.919.

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The adoption of SiC devices as a viable technology depends crucially on maximising the potential advantages of the material. This is best achieved by the adoption of co-design techniques in which the optimisation of the SiC device is performed in parallel to that of the package and the overall application. This paper considers suitable techniques for this co-design and describes new approaches to the development of SiC technology for practical applications.

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28

Heard, Christopher J., Sven Heiles, Stefan Vajda, and Roy L. Johnston. "PdnAg(4−n) and PdnPt(4−n) clusters on MgO (100): a density functional surface genetic algorithm investigation." Nanoscale 6, no. 20 (2014): 11777–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr03363a.

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Global optimisation of catalytically relevant noble metal mono and bimetallic clusters is performed directly on an MgO substrate with DFT. Charge is distributed locally upon the cluster, providing a means to atomically control binding and reaction sites, as found for CO molecules on Pd/Ag/Pt.

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29

Perera, Uditha T., Catherine Heeney, and Aziz Sheikh. "Policy parameters for optimising hospital ePrescribing: An exploratory literature review of selected countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development." DIGITAL HEALTH 8 (January 2022): 205520762210850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076221085074.

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Objective Electronic prescribing systems offer considerable opportunities to enhance the safety, effectiveness and efficiency of prescribing and medicines management decisions but, despite considerable investments in health IT infrastructure and healthcare professional training, realising these benefits continues to prove challenging. How systems are customised and configured to achieve optimal functionality is an increasing focus for policymakers. We sought to develop an overview of the policy landscape currently supporting optimisation of hospital ePrescribing systems in economically developed countries with a view to deriving lessons for the United Kingdom (UK). Methods We conducted a review of research literature and policy documents pertaining to optimisation of ePrescribing within hospitals across Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries on Embase, Medline, National Institute for Health (NIH), Google Scholar databases from 2010 to 2020 and the websites of organisations with international and national health policy interests in digital health and ePrescribing. We designed a typology of policies targeting optimisation of ePrescribing systems that provides an overview of evidence relating to the level at which policy is set, the aims and the barriers encountered in enacting these policies. Results Our database searches retrieved 11 relevant articles and other web resources mainly from North America and Western Europe. We identified very few countries with a national level strategy for optimisation of ePrescribing in hospitals. There were hotspots of digital maturity in relation to ePrescribing at institutional, specialisation, regional and national levels in the US and Europe. We noted that such countries with digital maturity fostered innovations such as patient involvement. Conclusions We found that, whilst helpful to achieve certain aims, coordinated strategies within and across countries for optimisation of ePrescribing systems are rare, even in countries with well-established ePrescribing and digital health infrastructures. There is at present little policy focus on maximising the utility of ePrescribing systems.

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Hochenauer, Roman, and Walter Lengauer. "Characterisation and Performance Optimisation of WC-MC/M(C,N)-Co Hardmetals." Metals 9, no. 4 (April 12, 2019): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9040435.

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WC-MC/M(C,N)-Co hardmetals with 10 wt% Co were prepared in undoped, as well as in either Cr- or V-doped form. The starting formulations contained 5 wt% TiC or 5% (TiC+TiN), the latter with two different TiC/TiN ratios, and 10 wt% (Ta,Nb)C. For each composition, a low-C grade (Ms ≈ 75%) and a high-C grade (Ms ≈ 88%) was adjusted by C or W addition, to end up with 18 different hardmetal formulations, prepared in an industrial process. Model alloys, MC and M(C,N) phases with a composition reflecting the composition of these phases in the hardmetal were prepared, too. A variety of data was collected: binder phase and hard phase compositions of model alloys by wavelength-dispersive electron-probe microanalysis (WDS-EPMA), liquid phase formation temperatures in model alloys with free C and eta by differential thermal analysis (DTA), respectively, thermal conductivities of MC and M(C,N) phases and hardmetals by laser-flash temperature conductivity and heat capacity measurements up to 950 °C, crystallite-size distribution by electron backscatter diffraction EBSD, hardness HV30, Palmqvist-Shetty fracture toughness KIC, Weibull evaluation of the transverse rupture strength (TRS), oxidation resistance in air as well as milling tests on coated hardmetals with Ti(C,N)/Al2O3 and (Ti,Al)N layers.

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Bassompierre, C., C. Cadet, J. F. Béteau, M. Aurousseau, and A. Guillet. "TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED CO-OPERATIVE SUPERVISION SYSTEM FOR ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESSES OPTIMISATION." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 2 (2006): 881–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20060402-4-br-2902.00881.

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32

García-Gen, Santiago, Jorge Rodríguez, and Juan M. Lema. "Optimisation of substrate blends in anaerobic co-digestion using adaptive linear programming." Bioresource Technology 173 (December 2014): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.089.

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Palacz, Michal, Jacek Smolka, Andrzej J. Nowak, Krzysztof Banasiak, and Armin Hafner. "Shape optimisation of a two-phase ejector for CO 2 refrigeration systems." International Journal of Refrigeration 74 (February 2017): 212–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2016.10.013.

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Sarkar, Subhasish, Rishav Kumar Baranwal, Arghya Mukherjee, Ishita Koley, Chanchal Biswas, Julfikar Haider, and Gautam Majumdar. "Optimisation & minimisation of corrosion rate of electroless Ni-Co-P coating." Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies 6, no. 3 (January 20, 2020): 487–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2374068x.2019.1709326.

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Tang, Huajun, Chuan Pang, and Chi To Ng. "Optimisation of vehicle population and reduction of CO_{2 emission}." International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics 6, no. 4 (2014): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijstl.2014.062894.

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36

Attarha, Ahmad, Paul Scott, and Sylvie Thiébaux. "Network-aware co-optimisation of residential DER in energy and FCAS markets." Electric Power Systems Research 189 (December 2020): 106730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106730.

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37

Baetens, Jens, Jeroen D. M. De Kooning, Greet Van Eetvelde, and Lieven Vandevelde. "A Two-Stage Stochastic Optimisation Methodology for the Operation of a Chlor-Alkali Electrolyser under Variable DAM and FCR Market Prices." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 5675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215675.

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The increased penetration of renewable energy sources in the electrical grid raises the need for more power system flexibility. One of the high potential groups to provide such flexibility is the industry. Incentives to do so are provided by variable pricing and remuneration of supplied ancillary services. The operational flexibility of a chlor-alkali electrolysis process shows opportunities in the current energy and ancillary services markets. A co-optimisation of operating the chlor-alkali process under an hourly variable priced electricity sourcing strategy and the delivery of Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR) is the core of this work. A short term price prediction for the Day-Ahead Market (DAM) and FCR market as input for a deterministic optimisation shows good results under standard DAM price patterns, but leaves room for improvement in case of price fluctuations, e.g., as caused by Renewable Energy Sources (RES). A two-stage stochastic optimisation is considered to cope with the uncertainties introduced by the exogenous parameters. An improvement of the stochastic solution over the deterministic Expected Value (EV) solution is shown.

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Ji, Xiaotong, Fan Xiao, Dan Liu, Ping Xiong, and Mingnian Zhang. "Distributionally Robust Collaborative Dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems with DNE Limits Considering Renewable and Contingency Uncertainties." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 29, no. 3 (June 27, 2023): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.eie.33960.

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Collaborative optimisation of system reserves and utilisation of renewable energy is an efficient approach to achieving robust optimal dispatch of integrated energy systems (IES). However, conventional robust dispatch methods are often too conservative and lack the ability to consider uncertainties such as renewable energy and contingency probabilities. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a distributionally robust dispatch model that co-optimises reserves and do-not-exceed (DNE) limits while considering these uncertainties. First, a deterministic optimisation model of IES is established with a minimum operational cost objective and security constraints. Next, a two-stage robust collaborative optimisation framework of IES is built, based on the Wasserstein measure, with random equipment faults represented by an adjustable ambiguity set. Finally, to overcome the computational challenges associated with robust approaches, duality theory and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions are used to convert the formulation into a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. The Simulation results on the modified IEEE 33-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and solution methodology.

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Henshaw, Charlotte A., Adam A. Dundas, Valentina Cuzzucoli Crucitti, Morgan R. Alexander, Ricky Wildman, Felicity R. A. J. Rose, Derek J. Irvine, and Philip M. Williams. "Droplet Microfluidic Optimisation Using Micropipette Characterisation of Bio-Instructive Polymeric Surfactants." Molecules 26, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 3302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113302.

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Droplet microfluidics can produce highly tailored microparticles whilst retaining monodispersity. However, these systems often require lengthy optimisation, commonly based on a trial-and-error approach, particularly when using bio-instructive, polymeric surfactants. Here, micropipette manipulation methods were used to optimise the concentration of bespoke polymeric surfactants to produce biodegradable (poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PDLLA)) microparticles with unique, bio-instructive surface chemistries. The effect of these three-dimensional surfactants on the interfacial tension of the system was analysed. It was determined that to provide adequate stabilisation, a low level (0.1% (w/v)) of poly(vinyl acetate-co-alcohol) (PVA) was required. Optimisation of the PVA concentration was informed by micropipette manipulation. As a result, successful, monodisperse particles were produced that maintained the desired bio-instructive surface chemistry.

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Walker, Lauren E., Aseel S. Abuzour, Danushka Bollegala, Andrew Clegg, Mark Gabbay, Alan Griffiths, Cecil Kullu, et al. "The DynAIRx Project Protocol: Artificial Intelligence for dynamic prescribing optimisation and care integration in multimorbidity." Journal of Multimorbidity and Comorbidity 12 (January 2022): 263355652211454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26335565221145493.

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Background Structured Medication Reviews (SMRs) are intended to help deliver the NHS Long Term Plan for medicines optimisation in people living with multiple long-term conditions and polypharmacy. It is challenging to gather the information needed for these reviews due to poor integration of health records across providers and there is little guidance on how to identify those patients most urgently requiring review. Objective To extract information from scattered clinical records on how health and medications change over time, apply interpretable artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to predict risks of poor outcomes and overlay this information on care records to inform SMRs. We will pilot this approach in primary care prescribing audit and feedback systems, and co-design future medicines optimisation decision support systems. Design DynAIRx will target potentially problematic polypharmacy in three key multimorbidity groups, namely, people with (a) mental and physical health problems, (b) four or more long-term conditions taking ten or more drugs and (c) older age and frailty. Structured clinical data will be drawn from integrated care records (general practice, hospital, and social care) covering an ∼11m population supplemented with Natural Language Processing (NLP) of unstructured clinical text. AI systems will be trained to identify patterns of conditions, medications, tests, and clinical contacts preceding adverse events in order to identify individuals who might benefit most from an SMR. Discussion By implementing and evaluating an AI-augmented visualisation of care records in an existing prescribing audit and feedback system we will create a learning system for medicines optimisation, co-designed throughout with end-users and patients.

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Buhari, A. S., A. S. Abdulrahman, S. A. Lawal, A. S. Abdulkareem, R. A. Muriana, O. T. Jimoh, and H. K. Ibrahim. "Optimisation of synthesis parameters for Co-Mo/MgO catalyst yield in MWCNTs production." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 20, no. 2 (October 10, 2023): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v20i2.1409.

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This study examined the impact of synthesis parameter on Cobalt-Molybdenum supported with magnesium oxide (Co-Mo/MgO) catalyst yield in production of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT). Wet impregnation was used to synthesis the Co-Mo/MgO bimetallic catalyst, while a catalytic chemical vapour deposition reactor (CCVD) was used for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Factorial and central composite design techniques were used to optimise the catalyst and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Thermogravimetric analysis/ Differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), selected area (electron) diffraction (SAED), X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) were used to characterise the catalyst and MWCNTs that were produced. The Co-Mo/MgO catalyst had an optimal yield of 93.22%, 247.30 m2/g of specific surface area at 120 °C drying temperature, 16 g of mass support, and a 10-hour drying time. The maximum catalyst yield of 40.62% was obtained at calcination temperature of 500 °C and a holding period of 2 hours. The catalyst with the highest degradation temperature of 398.21 °C was observed at 600 °C, when calcined for 4 hours. It was discovered that the surface area of Co-Mo/MgO catalyst from the BET analysis under ideal conditions varied depending on the holding time. The XRD and SAED revealed the growth of CNTs of concentric graphene pattern with the Co-Mo/MgO catalyst.

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Hammerstein, Peter. "Evolution, learning, games, and simple heuristics." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23, no. 5 (October 2000): 752–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00343448.

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Humans are incapable of acting as utility maximisers. In contrast, the evolutionary process had considerable time and computational power to select optimal heuristics from a set of alternatives. To view evolution as the optimising agent has revolutionised game theory. Gigerenzer and his co-workers can help us understand the circumstances under which evolution and learning achieve optimisation and Nash equilibria.

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Rahmawati, Tias Eka, Agus Siswanto, and Asmiyenti Djaliasrin Djalil. "Optimization of Fast Disintegrating Tablets Diphenhydramine HCl using Co-process of Cross-link Yellow Kepok Banana Starch, Crospovidone, and Microcrystalline Cellulose." JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA 21, no. 2 (October 19, 2023): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v21i2.1406.

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Diphenhydramine HCl is an antihistamine drug that is available in conventional tablet form. This study aimed to produce the optimum formula for a diphenhydramine fast disintegrating tablet (FDT) using a modification of starch, crospovidone, and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) to produce quality tablets that meet the tablet's physical requirements and tablet dissolution. Starch modification was made using a two-step method of starch cross-link, then continued with silica coprecipitation. FDT was prepared by the direct compression method. Optimisation with the simplex lattice design (SLD) model uses three components: co-process starch crosslink-silica, crospovidone, and MCC, which obtained 14 formula designs. The hardness, wetting time, disintegration time, and percent dissolution are optimisation parameters. Equations, contour plots, and desirability values were determined as the optimum formula. Based on the research results, an optimum formula was obtained with the proportion of co-process cross-link starch-silica was 56.185 mg, crospovidone at 6 mg, and MCC at 45.815 mg. The result of hardness was 5 kg, wetting time 51.061 seconds, disintegration time 63.129 seconds, and dissolution was 100.972%. The interaction of the three components reduces hardness and increases disintegration time, wetting time, and percent dissolution.

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Wright, Ian J., Michelle R. Leishman, Cassia Read, and Mark Westoby. "Gradients of light availability and leaf traits with leaf age and canopy position in 28 Australian shrubs and trees." Functional Plant Biology 33, no. 5 (2006): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp05319.

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Light availability generally decreases vertically downwards through plant canopies. According to optimisation theory, in order to maximise canopy photosynthesis plants should allocate leaf nitrogen per area (Narea) in parallel with vertical light gradients, and leaf mass per area (LMA) and leaf angles should decrease down through the canopy also. Many species show trends consistent with these predictions, although these are never as steep as predicted. Most studies of canopy gradients in leaf traits have concerned tall herbaceous vegetation or forest trees. But do evergreen species from open habitats also show these patterns? We quantified gradients of light availability, LMA, leaf N and phosphorus (P), and leaf angle along leaf age sequences and vertical canopy profiles, across 28 woody species from open habitats in eastern Australia. The observed trends in LMA, Narea and leaf angle largely conflicted with expectations from canopy optimisation models, whereas trends in leaf P were more consistent with optimal allocation. These discrepancies most likely relate to these species having rather open canopies with quite shallow light gradients, but also suggest that modelling the co-optimisation of resources other than nitrogen is required for understanding plant canopies.

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Meng, Q., D. M. Donnet, P. J. A. van Schendel, J. C. Lodder, and Th J. A. Popma. "OPTIMISATION OF CoNi/Pt MULTILAYERS COMPARED WITH Co/Pt MULTILAYERS FOR THERMOMAGNETIC WRITING." Journal of the Magnetics Society of Japan 20, S_1_MORIS_96 (1996): S1_53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3379/jmsjmag.20.s1_53.

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Son, Jongsang, Sungjae Hwang, and Youngho Kim. "A hybrid static optimisation method to estimate muscle forces during muscle co-activation." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 15, no. 3 (March 2012): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2010.522187.

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Wang, Quan, Ruigao Min, and Wei Fang. "Large-scale global optimisation using cooperative co-evolution with self-adaptive differential grouping." International Journal of Automation and Control 15, no. 1 (2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaac.2021.10033302.

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Fang, Wei, Ruigao Min, and Quan Wang. "Large-scale global optimisation using cooperative co-evolution with self-adaptive differential grouping." International Journal of Automation and Control 15, no. 1 (2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaac.2021.111752.

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Pavić, Ivan, Yury Dvorkin, and Hrvoje Pandžić. "Energy and reserve co-optimisation – reserve availability, lost opportunity and uplift compensation cost." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 13, no. 2 (January 22, 2019): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.5480.

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Ben Said, Lamjed, and Abir Chaabani. "A co-evolutionary decomposition-based algorithm for the bi-level knapsack optimisation problem." International Journal of Computational Intelligence Studies 9, no. 1/2 (2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcistudies.2020.10028140.

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