Dissertations / Theses: 'Co-operation'

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Boonyasana, Kwanruetai. "World electricity co-operation." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27793.

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This thesis evaluates the effect of electricity co-operation regarding import and export on electricity prices for OECD countries and on CO2 emissions for the world. In addition, the study investigates which kinds of renewable energies provide the best economic future for Canada and the U.S. There are three main sections to the thesis. Firstly, panel data analysis determines the electricity price functions, using 29 OECD countries’ yearly data from 1980 to 2007. Membership of the European Union, used to investigate effect of high level co-operation on price, is seen to decrease household and industry prices, but is not significant for household price. The effect of electricity trading in OECD countries is not found to deliver cheaper electricity suggesting that these countries need to co-operate more closely to increase competition and improve efficiency in electricity markets. Secondly, panel data analysis determines parameters of the CO2 emissions function, using 131 countries’ yearly data from 1971 to 2007. The world results show that electricity co-operation is highly significant in decreasing CO2 emissions per unit of generation, thus supporting the hypothesis. At the continent level, Asia shows the highest CO2 decrease from electricity import, with the lowest decrease being for Africa. Electricity export for North America, Latin America and Europe is found to be highly significant in decreasing CO2 emissions. Finally, time series analysis of yearly data for Canada and the U.S. from 1978 to 2009 is used to determine the electricity price functions. For Canada, electricity import is found to be highly significant in decreasing household electricity price, but not so for the U.S. Renewable energies such as wind and hydro are seen to be the future of electricity generation for Canada, but the results for the U.S. indicate that no type of renewable energy can reduce electricity price.

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Roper, Elizabeth Ann. "Oncogene co operation in keratinocytes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271485.

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Johnson, Craig. "Co-operation or competition : incentives and obstacles to co-operation between Labour and the Liberal Democrats." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/4108.

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While a party system reflects both competitive and co-operative interactions, academic research has largely focused on the competitive interactions of parties. In British politics, while the notion of a solely two-party system is increasingly contested, there has not been sufficient consideration given to party co-operation. However, the party system has changed to the extent that it no longer accurately reflects two-partism, but something more resembling moderate pluralism. This suggests implications for how parties interact. In particular, it suggests that parties might need to contemplate co-operation alongside competition. Alongside this contemporary debate, there has long been a compelling case for studying the manner of interaction between Labour and the Liberal Democrats, who have a lengthy and complicated history of competition and co-operation. This thesis explores these issues, and questions the contemporary nature of competition and potential for co-operation between the Labour and Liberal Democrat parties. It proposes a theoretical framework of party co-operation to help understand why Labour-Liberal Democrat co-operation may or may not take place. In doing so, it suggests a series of incentives and obstacles that need to be considered by party leaderships based on electoral, ideological and organisational considerations. The thesis then operationalises the framework by examining in detail the contemporary case of the British Labour Party and British Liberal Democrats. While there are incentives for the two parties to consider co-operation, and these incentives have increased in recent years, significant obstacles remain, and despite the changing party system, the potential for co-operation between the two parties remains limited without changes in each party's strategy.

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Condry, Gregory D. "Co-ordination, co-operation and control in pre-school services." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1985. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/847326/.

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The central issue addressed in this study is that of control over the pre-school field, which is seen as an "arena" between family and state within which competing claims are resolved. An analysis of documents and literature relating to the emergence of a separately defined pre-school period, demonstrates that in Britain pre-school policy has developed in four clearly defined phases. Each shift of the boundary between family and state has been influenced by changes in theories and commonly-held views of the young child in the family. A "biologistic" phase gave way to a period which was influenced by psychoanalytic theory, which in turn was superseded by a developmental phase. In recent years a "new maternalism" has emerged which has influenced policy, stressing co-ordination and co-operation. These two key policies are then examined in a detailed study of the network of 215 workers, in Battersea, involving interviews, questionnaires, observations and the analysis of policy documents. The network acts to co-ordinate services only at a formal level in terms of links between professional pre-school workers. Links with more informal, community-based provision are limited. An analysis of attitudes and practices in relation to co-operation gives support to these observations. Attitudes, in particular "voluntarism" and "professionalism" relate to location within the network. In the light of the nature of the network observed, it is useful to analyse the range of provision in Battersea in terms of a typology, ranging from "closed" forms of provision to more "open" ones. Movements from the former to the latter have been supported by the "new maternalism" but because of the failure to address the issue of control, these moves are seen as an attempt more effectively to police the pre-school.

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Hales, David. "Tag based co-operation in artificial societies." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340588.

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Poltorakov, O. "Ukraine-NATO co-operation: ecology and law." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2004. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/23133.

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Boehle, Josef. "Inter-Religious Co-Operation in a Global Age." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521430.

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Schulten, Ute Ursula. "Co-operation and conflict in German children's conversations." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343581.

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Bonnor-Hay, Jenelle. "The politics of Asia-Pacific economic co-operation." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/128786.

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The focus of this thesis is on the political agenda underlying AsiaPacific economic co-operation. These agenda will be explored with reference to the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC) forum, and an attempt made to assess the feasibility of the APEC forum by examining the discrepancies between the stated objectives of APEC and the implicit political factors behind each participant's position.

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Dalby, Andrew K. "European integrationist influences on member states' counter-terrorist co-operation and co-ordination." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14394.

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Under the competences of the European Union's intergovernmentally controlled Justice and Home Affairs policy, counter-terrorist co-operation and co-ordination of efforts have progressed at a rapid pace following the 11 September attacks on the USA. Given, however, that Europe has experienced entrenched terrorist campaigns for the past three decades, one could be forgiven for questioning, in light of the unique co-operative position of Western Europe, why it has taken so long for the membership of the EU to reach a common definition of terrorism. Also why is it that even now, the EU has failed to develop a common policy against terrorism? Political explanations are traditional responses to such questions, but there is a risk of underestimating the complexities of the European Project, and the effect which this has had on so many areas of transnational co-operation. By focusing therefore on the often-overlooked role played by European integration on counter-terrorist co-operation, in addition to empirical analysis of the efficiency of the co-operative structures, we place ourselves in a more beneficial position to understand the current situation. Intergovernmentalism, the controlling force of JHA co-operation, we find is not mutually exclusive to law-enforcement co-operation. Two theories tested for supranational influences - neo-functionalism and federalism - have also played their part, from the early 1960s onwards, in facilitating co-operation. The historical emphasis is important, because co-operation prior to the regulation of much of this area within the EU, following the Treaties of Economic Union, provides us with ample material for analysis and greater insight into the JHA process and counter-terrorism. Intergovernmentalism has helped push counter-terrorist co-operation along, but equally we find that it now serves as a hindrance in completing its development because of its in-built tendency to retain subsidiarity. Counter terrorist co-operation, we conclude, need not be restricted to intergovernmental control any longer.

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Torjesen, Stina. "Understanding regional co-operation in Central Asia 1991-2004." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://english.nupi.no/publikasjoner/boeker_rapporter/2008/understanding_regional_co_operation_in_central_asia_1991_2004.

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Gabrielsson, Åsa. "Cross-functional co-operation and networking in industrial settings." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Machine Design, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3325.

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The main process of this dissertation involves thedevelopment and refinement of a conceptual framework fordescribing and discussing cross-functional co-operation andnetworking within product realisation processes. The conceptualframework, the analysis of the case study and a discussion ofthe implications and challenges for research and industrialsector are the main results of the dissertation.

Industrial firms face different demands, which create anumber of potential sources of conflicts(fasterbettercheaper), for examplebetween market, product development and manufacturingfunctions. The transformation of industrial firms from beingtraditionally hierarchically organised to becoming team-,project- and process-based has delegated a number ofresponsibilities to employeesfor example, to interactwith others in planning and decision-making, and to act onissues or problems that may arise during daily work. Thissituation requires that new workand co-operation patterns aredeveloped between employees and between work units. Theestablishment of new co-operative behaviour seldom developswithout active support. Several studies confirm that there is aneed for organisational/managerial support for cross-functionalco-operation to develop, but that this type of support is oftenneglected (Blackler et al, 1997; Gabrielsson, 1998; Majchrzakand Wang, 1996).

The case study, reported in this dissertation, waslongitudinal and context-oriented. The study pointed out thatan integrative view of management on the entire ProductRealisation Process (PRP) was lacking during the first vitalphases of the organisational restructuring. However, itdeveloped continuously over time, which indicates a change inorganisational paradigm. Support for cross-functionalco-operation was considered and implemented only after thatco-operation had collapsed in a pilot group. The support was,for example, based onWork Reflection Seminars,which served as forums for discussing the new ways of working.In addition, two different parallel networks, originating fromthe previous organisational structure, had considerable impacton the development of cross-functional co-operation, whichdemonstrates the importance and power of practised rather thanformally ordered activities.

Keywords:Cross-functional Co-operation, Networking,Product Realisation Process, Concurrent Engineering, Productdevelopment, Production, Organisational Change, OrganisationalRestructuring.

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Shpiro, Shlomo. "German-Israeli intelligence and security co-operation 1956-1992." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.722694.

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Gebremedhin, Alemayehu. "Regional and industrial co-operation in district heating systems /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/tek849.pdf.

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Gouldson, Andrew. "Environmental regulation : co-operation and the capacity for control." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2002. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1678/.

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This thesis examines the contention that effective regulation has as much to do with the capacity for co-operation between inter-dependent actors as it has to do with the state's capacity for control. This contention, and the alternative conception of regulation that it implies, is significant because it is associated with a tension that runs through many areas of public policy: does cooperation between the public and the private, or between the regulators and the regulated, lead to effective collective action or to regulatory capture? Following a conceptual examination of the nature of regulation and implementation, the thesis considers the explanatory value of two different perspectives on cooperation and collective action: the rational choice perspective, which suggests that the behaviour of economically responsive actors is shaped by the incentives for cooperation that stem from their interdependence, and the institutional perspective, which contends that as particular forms of behaviour emerge, evolve and become institutionalised, so the implementation process becomes embedded in particular institutional structures that enable the continuation of existing approaches whilst restricting the potential for change. In seeking to examine the explanatory value of these perspectives, the thesis considers the factors shaping the implementation of two frameworks of environmental regulation, namely the frameworks of Integrated Pollution Control and Local Air Pollution Control as applied in England and Wales. Based on a comparative analysis of the factors that shape the nature and influence of each implementation process, the thesis concludes that the explanatory value of the rational choice perspective is fundamentally limited and that the value of the institutional perspective is much more complete. On this basis, the thesis proposes an institutional perspective on regulation and implementation that recognises the significance of resource inter-dependencies and the ways in which cooperative approaches can increase the prospects for collective action whilst reducing the accountability and the manageability of the implementation process. As is discussed, this conclusion has significant implications for broader debates on regulation and governance.

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Benali, Tayebi. "The evolution of international law on peaceful co-operation." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238995.

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Lane, Jason. "The development of Irish cross-border police co-operation." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287440.

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Roepke, Wolf-Diether. "The problems and prospects of European nuclear co-operation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366167.

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Kaboyoka, Livingstone S. "Regional integration and co-operation in sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433844.

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Hughes, N. C. "Spanish international development co-operation : a policy network approach." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274955.

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Carragher, Lucia. "North-South Ireland co-operation in personal social services." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416641.

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Hagman, Hans-Christian. "UN-NATO operational co-operation in peacekeeping 1992-1995." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300811.

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Kirke, Alexis John. "Learning and co-operation in mobile multi-robot systems." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1984.

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This thesis addresses the problem of setting the balance between exploration and exploitation in teams of learning robots who exchange information. Specifically it looks at groups of robots whose tasks include moving between salient points in the environment. To deal with unknown and dynamic environments,such robots need to be able to discover and learn the routes between these points themselves. A natural extension of this scenario is to allow the robots to exchange learned routes so that only one robot needs to learn a route for the whole team to use that route. One contribution of this thesis is to identify a dilemma created by this extension: that once one robot has learned a route between two points, all other robots will follow that route without looking for shorter versions. This trade-off will be labeled the Distributed Exploration vs. Exploitation Dilemma, since increasing distributed exploitation (allowing robots to exchange more routes) means decreasing distributed exploration (reducing robots ability to learn new versions of routes), and vice-versa. At different times, teams may be required with different balances of exploitation and exploration. The main contribution of this thesis is to present a system for setting the balance between exploration and exploitation in a group of robots. This system is demonstrated through experiments involving simulated robot teams. The experiments show that increasing and decreasing the value of a parameter of the novel system will lead to a significant increase and decrease respectively in average exploitation (and an equivalent decrease and increase in average exploration) over a series of team missions. A further set of experiments show that this holds true for a range of team sizes and numbers of goals.

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Vollan, Björn. "Co-operation for common pool resources an experimental perspective." München Verl. Dr. Hut, 2009. http://d-nb.info/992892228/04.

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Gjessing, Mark Desmond Francis. "Anglo-Australian naval relations and co-operation, 1945-1975." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2847/.

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This thesis explores the relationship between the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) and the Royal Navy (RN) between 1945-75. My original contribution to knowledge is assessment of a historical topic that is greatly under-researched. In addition this research has revealed instances where naval policy in both the United Kingdom and Australia was in direct contrast to national policy, a topic that has not been previously addressed in an Anglo-Australian context. The aim of this study is to analyse the changing relationship between the Royal Navy and the RAN in the post-Second World War period, specifically 1945-75. Particular areas of interest include the alterations in inter-service cultural ties, operational co-operation, collaboration in matters of personnel, and equipment procurement and design. As national policy and strategic concerns have an impact on lower-level military affairs, assessment is also made of the altering national and strategic relations between Australia and Great Britain in the same period. This includes consideration of the diminution of British military influence in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as the strategic shift of Australia towards the United States in the post-war period. The methodology of the study is based on analysis of primary sources such as governmental archives, oral recordings and unpublished memoirs from United Kingdom and Australian archives. Consideration has been made of secondary sources concerning both the RAN and the Royal Navy to provide historiographical context to the research topic. Statistical assessment of the RAN Navy List’s from 1945-75 has also been made to chart the movement of officers between the Royal Navy and the RAN. This thesis concludes that the relationship between the Royal Navy and the RAN between 1945-75 underwent a great level of change. This modification in some ways mirrored the gradual disassociation between Great Britain and Australia in the same period but the shift in naval relations did not take place at the same time, nor did the alteration in naval relations occur for the same reasons.

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Dean, Russell. "Owenism, co-operation, socialism and political economy, 1817-1835." Thesis, Dean, Russell (1996) Owenism, co-operation, socialism and political economy, 1817-1835. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1996. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51187/.

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This thesis analyses the complex interrelationship between British socialism and political economy in the period in which both discourses flourished. The thesis begins by reviewing previous studies of Owenism and suggests an alternative thematic approach to elucidate the relationships between Owenism and political economy, in terms of both differences and similarities. Chapter one focuses on the initial period when Owenism was most closely identified with key individuals like Robert Owen, and argues that the pervasive historiographical view that Owenism was essentially incompatible with political economy is too simplistic. In fact, early Owenites were never totally successful in extricating themselves from the competitive, capitalist theoretical web which they closely identified with political economy. Chapter two extends this argument to the period when Owenism emerged from its largely eponymous stage, and a variety of Owenite, co-operative and socialist discourses developed, with divergent perspectives on their relationships with competitive capitalism. Chapter three argues that the ubiquitous view of a binary opposition between pro-private property political economists and 'communistic' Owenites ignores strong contrary evidence. Not all Owenites wanted to abolish private property; indeed some wanted to extend private property rights on the basis of the moral imperative provided by the labour theory of value. Chapters four to six examine the relationship of political economy and Owenism to the labour theory of value/exchange. The major argument in these chapters is that for both Owenites and leading political economists like Ricardo and Malthus, the labour theory of value was a transcendental organising principle, but it was an economic model which neither the socialists nor economists could sustain. Finally, chapter seven argues that the widespread view that the Malthusian population theory represented a significant site of difference between Owenites and economists is erroneous. This thesis demonstrates that the intimate links between Owenism and political economy require a reconsideration of both the historical context and the historical character of British socialism to 1835.

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Stanford, Mark. "Building on shifting sands : co-operation and morality in the new Chinese co-operative movement." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3619/.

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Since the beginning of China’s transition to a market economy, there have been other voices, calling for a different kind of change. One such voice is the co-operative movement, which has continued to grow in recent years. However, China’s new co-operatives suffer from widespread problems, which vitiate the principles put forward by activists. Based on two years of multi-sited fieldwork in the cooperative movement, this thesis explores the experience of the co-operatives, and the activists and institutions which promote them. Framing the analysis in terms of the cultural evolution of co-operation, it argues that the cooperatives are threatened by a range of factors. The erosion of social capital and material interdependence resulting from urbanisation and modernisation tends to undermine the foundations of the system of mutual aid based on indirect reciprocity. Meanwhile, the trauma of the Cultural Revolution and the uncertainty of the reform era have rendered alternative forms of collectivistic morality equally unable to support co-operation. While many co-operatives have succeeded by carefully avoiding any form of co-operation which requires trust or costly monitoring, some problems cannot be solved in this way. In particular, the thesis argues that participation in democratic decision-making is itself a collective action problem, which co-operatives cannot, by their very nature, avoid. And when activists and the state provide resources to help overcome these challenges, the result is often a ‘crowding out’ of co-operation. Finally, the thesis explores the idea that the difficulties of the co-operatives may reflect a shift in the psychological underpinnings of co-operation in wider Chinese society. Through a combination of life history interviews with young people experiencing moral conflict, and a psychometric survey designed to measure differences in moral reasoning, it argues that non-market forms of cooperation are being undermined by a process of interlinked social and psychological change.

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Powell, Matthew Lee. "Army co-operation command and tactical air power development in Britain, 1940-1943 : the role of army co-operation command in army air support." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5131/.

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This thesis examines the impact of the developments made during the First World War and the inter-war period in tactical air support. Further to this, it will analyse how these developments led to the creation of Army Co-operation Command and affected the role it played developing army air support in Britain. Army Co-operation Command has been neglected in the literature on the Royal Air Force during the Second World War and this thesis addresses this neglect by adding to the extant knowledge on the development of tactical air support and fills a larger gap that exists in the literature on Royal Air Force Commands. Army Co-operation Command was created at the behest of the army in the wake of the Battle of France. A key area of development was the communications system to enable troops to request air support in the field. The Command was also involved in developing the Air Observation Post Squadron. Air Observation Post aircraft were used to direct the fire of artillery batteries from the air. In 1943, an operational tactical air force replaced Army Co-operation Command. This study highlights inter-service difficulties over the provision of air support.

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Tai, Wai-ying. "Airports in Hong Kong and Shenzhen competition and co-operation /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31566352.

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Kärrholm, Jenny. "Co-operation among rehabilitation actors for return to working life /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-335-1/.

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Rupp, Thomas Manfred. "Supply information provision for co-operation in complex production networks." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270502.

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Corre, Jerome. "Importance of embodiment towards co-operation in multi robot systems." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2005. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55977/.

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The work presented in this thesis relates to one of the major ongoing problems in robotics: Developing control architectures for cooperation in Multi Robot Systems (MRS). It has been widely accepted that Embodiment is a prime requirement for Robotics. However, in the case of MRS research, two major shortfalls were identified. First, it was highlighted that no effort had been made into research platforms for Embodied MRS. Second, it was also observed that, generally, the more units in an MRS the lower their capabilities and as a result the poorer their degree of embodiment. These two issues were addressed separately. Firstly, a novel concept for MRS development platform named 'Re-embodiment' is presented. Re-embodiment aims to facilitate research on control systems for MRS by minimising the effort required to ensure that the robots remain embodied and situated. Using Re-embodiment, researchers can implement and test largely different control algorithms at virtually the same time on large fleets of robots. Secondly, an innovative mono vision distance measurement algorithm is presented. The intention is to provide a cheap, yet information rich, sensory input that can be realistically implemented on large fleet of robots. After a 'one off calibration of the image sensor, distances from the robot to objects in its environment can be estimated from single frames.

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Tai, Wai-ying, and 戴慧瑩. "Airports in Hong Kong and Shenzhen: competition and co-operation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31566352.

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Al-Khalifa, Abdul Aziz Attiyatullah. "The Gulf Co-operation Council : its legal basis and practice." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363428.

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Mylonaki, Emmanouela-Anastasia. "The contemporary counter-terrorism model of inter-state co-operation." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/349e9ca2-a26d-4315-b584-0adddc2620a3.

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Al-Rawas, Ali Omar Abdul. "The Gulf Co-operation Council : security, boundaries, and political issues." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21212.

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This thesis is focused on the main challenges which faced the progress of the GCC when it was established in May 1981. The core topic is the security challenges and the bilateral boundary disputes, internal and external, as well as the steps which resulted in the establishment of the GCC. The importance of the GCC is that the six Arab Gulf States contain 60% of the world's total oil reserves. This study focuses on the political and historical development of the reasons behind the establishment of the GCC, and the main internal and external challenges, which prevented these countries from achieving a trustful co-operation on the objectives for which the Council was established. External security in the Arab Gulf States was and still is the main responsibility of the West, Britain and the United States in particular. The boundary disputes, along with the other secondary challenges, are the main obstacles in the way of the GCC's achievements. This thesis is divided into seven chapters. Two of the core chapters concentrate on security (internal and external), and three on boundary disputes (internal and external and maritime). The first chapter provides a historical and political survey of the six states of the GCC. The second concentrates on the political developments which led to the establishment of the GCC. The third and fourth chapters address security in the Gulf, both external and internal; the fifth, sixth and seventh concentrate on the boundary challenges between the GCC states on one hand and the GCC states and their neighbours (Iraq, Iran and Yemen) on the other. The introduction of the thesis is a review of the relevant literature.

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Duraiappah, Anantha K. "Global warming and economic development : a holistic approach to international policy co-operation and co-ordination /." Dordrecht [u.a.] : Kluwer Academic Publ, 1993. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0818/92047021-d.html.

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Vilimavičienė, Kristina. "Vadovų ir pedagogų bendradarbiavimas ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2004. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2004~D_20040608_131509-54778.

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Co-operation is one of the main factors which form warm intercommunication, conditioning partnership. Like all social systems, the system of education is based on the co-ordination of actions and on trying to achieve common goals. In the whole educational process the main things are communication and co-operation of the people who organise it. The first condition for cherishing democracy and for optimum education of a child is respect, sincerity and frankness of the staff of a pre-school educational institution. The aim of this paper is to investigate the standpoint on the co-operation of the head and the teachers of a pre-school educational institution and to consider the level of mastering their teleological competence and their psychological and professional readiness to communicate on the whole. The historical evolution of co-operational the opportunities of all the members of the educational process for co-operational, the domination of the theories of management, the microclimate of the institution and the models of behaviour in different institutions are described here. The paper consists of three parts. In the first part the scientific interpretation of co-operation is analysed the following topics: co-operation and communication of the members of educational process, co-operation from the viewpoint of the theory of management, the climate of the educational institution as a body: possible models of educational behaviour and the styles of leadership in a... [to full text]

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Karakus, Mehmet. "From constraint to opportunity : an exploration of Ireland and Sweden's experience of relating neutrality to participation in EU's CFSP." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251338.

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40

Mangeni, Francis. "The legal framework for African economic integration : a critical appraisal." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327101.

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The question is whether the legal framework for economic co-operation and integration in Africa, is suitable for achieving the aim of building the African Economic Community [AEC]. Economic integration, in leading to large markets and a supporting infrastructure, is a proper development strategy implementing which will depend on the efficacy of an enabling legal framework and a supportive multilateral trade system. The AEC is an integral part of the Organisation of African Unity [OAU]. Though largely a political organisation since inception way back in 1963, the OAU's agenda is increasingly economic, with the completion of de-colonisation, and will coincide with that of the AEC which is an economic and monetary union to be established in six stages through a merger of the regional economic communities [REC5]. To facilitate this merger, the aims, structure of organs and the entire legal framework of the RECs, need to be harmonised at the continental level. The structure for the AEC and the RECs gives pre-eminence to political organs, relegating the technical to making recommendations. In view of obstacles to African integration, such as inconsistent political will, effective technical organs ought to take charge of implementing the constitutive instruments and programmes. The AEC and RECs comply with the WTO Agreement. However, Article XXIV and Part IV of GATT need a proper interpretation, to guide parties. The Enabling Clause, dealing with regional trade agreements [RTAs] among developing countries, is the proper regime for notifying African RTAs; but as Africa is poised to develop and as the AEC is of indefinite duration, it is prudent that the RTAs comply with Article XXIV also. To develop a suitable legal framework, the protocols need to be drafted and adopted, and all the organs established. The constitutive instruments for the RECs need to be revised and implemented so that the stages for establishing the AEC are followed. An involved civil society and effective rules can improve prospects for the AEC.

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41

Forsberg, Kjell-Ove, and Sven-Erik Jansson. "Samarbete över gränser." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33038.

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42

Damkat, Ivo Jeroen. "The dynamics of cross border co-operation in Ireland in the decade after the Good Friday Agreement (1998-2009) : key elements and practice of co-operation." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.579706.

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This thesis explores the reconfiguration of the Irish border roles post the Good Friday Agreement (1998). Through the lens of cross border co-operation, it aims to capture the changing role of the border between the two jurisdictions on the island. A key concept is that borders are no longer merely linear demarcations between states: they play in sometimes ambiguous roles in societies. These roles are captured using four dimensions of borders: barrier, resource, bridge and symbol of identity. These roles are challenged by European integration, globalisation and post-modernist approaches. Locally, the Good Friday Agreement provided new impetus to transnational linkages. The thesis examines the changing context through the lens of cross border co-operation. The thesis identifies three main rationales for co-operation between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland: 1) ethno-national rationale views borders as territorial demarcation of nation-states dividing communities and they act as symbol of identity; 2) the economic rationale understands the border mainly as creating transaction costs and limiting competitiveness; 3) the peace & reconciliation rationale pursues co-operation with a view to end the caging of the ethno-national to Northern Ireland. These rationales are examined alongside the supporting institutional structures and how the discourses are reflected in policy, language and practice, combined they uncover the discourse. The research combines quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. The analysis applies a constructivist approach analysis. The findings are that the ethno-national discourse restricts the development of cross border linkages. The barrier and symbolic dimensions remain highly significant and fundamental changes are slow and limited. The economic discourse has successfully reduced the barrier dimension in favour of the resource and bridging dimensions. The peace & reconciliation discourse has been less successful in reconfiguring the borders barrier and symbolic dimensions for its rationale.

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43

Svensson, Inger-Lise. "Evaluating System Consequences of Energy Co-operation between Industries and Utilities." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Energisystem, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-71849.

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Energy conservation, energy efficiency measures, and energy carrier conversion within the industry are extremely important issues in order to deal with energy resource depletion and the threats from global warming. In Swedish industry there is potential for reductions of carbon dioxide emissions and resource use through utilization of excess heat and conversion of compression cooling to other cooling technologies using less electricity. Co-operation between industries and utilities can be obtained concerning both heating and cooling, but the choice of technologies and the profitability of co-operation are influenced by a number of factors such as the type of industry, policy instruments, the size and design of the district heating and cooling systems, and energy market prices. In this thesis, energy co-operation has been studied on two levels: a techno-economic level and a socio-technical level. On the techno-economic level the possibilities for co-operation in two industrial cases have been studied, Scandinavian kraft pulp mills and manufacturing industry in the municipality of Södertälje: The pulp and paper industry is one of the major energy users in Sweden, and 2.2 TWh of heat was delivered from pulp mills in 2007, mainly to district heating systems. At kraft pulp mills the excess heat can be used either internally or externally. Internally, excess heat can be used in the production process and/or to replace steam and thereby increase the production of electricity, depending on the quality of the excess heat. Externally, excess heat can be used as district heating. The trade-off between internal and external use of excess heat depends on numerous factors. The economic profitability of possible investments is influenced not only by investment costs and fuel costs; several policy instruments, including the electricity certificate system and the carbon dioxide trading scheme, also influence the choice of technology as well as the willingness to co-operate. In the municipality of Södertälje two large industries use large amounts of electricity, district heating and cooling. The cooling demand in Södertälje is currently covered by free cooling from lake water and compression chillers; but in order to reduce the use of electricity, conversion to heat-driven cooling or increased lake water cooling can be considered. The large CHP plant in Södertälje is today not used to its full potential, but investment in heat-driven cooling and/or a cold condenser unit integrated with the CHP plant could increase the plant’s operation hours. New investments in district cooling could increase the level of co-operation between the two industries and the local utility, but depending on policy instruments, energy market prices and the possible exchange of heat between Södertälje and Stockholm, the profitability of such investments will vary. On the socio-technical level, co-operation between utilities and industries has been studied through interviews and surveys to further analyze factors concerning co-operation beyond the techno-economic level. Results from the studies show that communication between the parties, the willingness to take risks, and trust between the co-operating parties are key factors that are as vitally important for a co-operation to take place as technical and economic factors.
Energibesparingar, energieffektivitet och konvertering av energibärare i industrin är oerhört viktiga frågor att hantera med tanke på det hot vi står inför med uttömning av resurser och global uppvärmning. I svensk industri finns det potential för reducering av koldioxidemissioner och resursanvändning genom utnyttjande av industriell överskottsvärme och konvertering av kompressionskyla till andra kyltekniker som använder mindre el. Samarbete mellan industrier och energibolag kan uppnås både för värme och kyla, men valet av teknik och lönsamheten i samarbete påverkas av ett flertal faktorer som typen av industri, styrmedel, storleken och produktionsmixen i fjärrvärme- och fjärrkylanäten samt energimarknadspriser. I den här avhandlingen har energisamarbeten studerats på två olika nivåer: en tekno-ekonomisk nivå och en socio-teknisk nivå. På den tekno-ekonomiska nivån har möjligheter till samarbete undersökts i två industriella fall, skandinaviska kemiska massabruk och tillverkningsindustri i Södertälje. Massa- och pappersindustrin är en av de största energianvändarna i Sverige och 2,2 TWh värme levererades 2007 från olika bruk till fjärrvärmenäten. I ett kemiskt massabruk kan överskottsvärme användas antingen internt eller externt. Intern kan värmen användas i produktionsprocesserna och/eller för att ersätta ånga och därmed öka elproduktionen, beroende på överskottsvärmens kvalitet. Externt kan värmen användas till fjärrvärme. Avvägningen mellan intern och extern användning beror på flera faktorer. Den ekonomiska lönsamheten för möjliga investeringar påverkas inte bara av investeringskostnader och bränslekostnader, ett flertal styrmedel, inklusive elcertifikatsystemet och handeln med utsläppsrätter, påverkar valet av teknik och viljan att samarbeta. I Södertälje finns två stora industrier som använder stora mängder el, fjärrvärme och kyla. Kylbehovet i Södertälje täcks för närvarande av frikyla från sjövatten och kompressionskylmaskiner, men för att minska elanvändningen kan konvertering till värmedriven kyla eller en ökning av mängden frikyla vara aktuellt. Den stora kraftvärmeanläggning som finns i Södertälje utnyttjas idag inte till sin fulla potential, men investering in värmedriven kyla kan öka drifttiden i anläggningen. Nya investeringar i fjärrkyla kan ge ett ökat samarbete mellan industrierna och energibolaget i Södertälje, men beroende på styrmedel, energimarknadspriser och det fjärrvärmeutbytet mellan Södertälje och Stockholm, kommer lönsamheten i dessa investeringar att variera. På den socio-tekniska nivån har samarbeten mellan industrier och energibolag undersökts genom intervjuer och enkäter för att ytterligare analysera de faktorer som påverkar samarbeten utöver de tekno-ekonomiska möjligheterna. Resultaten från studierna visar att kommunikation mellan parterna, vilja att ta risker och förtroende mellan parterna är faktorer som är lika viktiga för att uppnå ett samarbete som tekniska möjligheter och ekonomisk lönsamhet.

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44

Edman, Anneli. "Combining Knowledge Systems and Hypermedia for User Co-operation and Learning." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Dept. of Information Science [Institutionen för informationsvetenskap], Univ, 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-506-1526-2/.

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45

Deus, Delfim de 1942. "Civil aviation in SADCC countries : a new type of co-operation?" Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61244.

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The 1st of April, 1980 is a landmark date for the peoples of Southern Africa, for the SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COORDINATION CONFERENCE--SADCC--came into being on that day in Lusaka. At first sight, SADCC would seem to be an organization like others scattered all over the African continent and aiming at common development. However, although it can be compared with others in terms of objectives and organisation, new elements have emerged since its inception: modest short-term objectives, and ambitious long-term ones; a light organizational structure, and a commitment of the Governments involved to achieve the goals.
One can ask what the trends in Civil Aviation are, given this background. This thesis presents a study not with the aim to fully respond to the question above, but to identify the path followed by Civil Aviation as a component of the integrated development sought by SADCC countries. For this purpose, special attention will be paid to the SOUTHERN AFRICA TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION--SATCC.

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46

Ami, Avi ben. "Development co-operation between Israel and Ethiopia from an Israeli perspective." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443484.

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47

Zissimos, Ben. "Issues of international tax and trade policy conflict and co-operation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2665/.

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Chapter 2, titled "Hotelling Tax Competition" shows how competition among governments for mobile firms can bring about excessive differentiation in levels of taxation and public good provision. Hotelling's Principle of Minimum Differentiation is applied in the context of tax competition and shown to be invalid. Instead, when an equilibrium exists, differentiation of public good provision is maximized. Non-existence of equilibrium, which is possible, is a metaphor for intense tax competition. The chapter also shows that, to some extent, perfect tax discrimination presents a solution to the existence problem created by Hotelling tax competition, but that the efficiency problem of Hotelling tax competition is exacerbated. Chapter 3 shows how the institutional rules imposed on its signatories by the GATT created a strategic incentive for countries to liberalize gradually. Ree trade can never be achieved when punishment for deviation from a trade agreement is limited to a 'withdrawal of equivalent concessions' , the most severe form of punishment allowed (Article XXVIII). Retaliation is not allowed to entail higher tariffs than those set by the initial deviant. If, in addition, tariff bindings (Article 11) limit an initial deviation from an agreement in a similar way, then efficient self-enforcing tariff reductions must proceed in a series of steps or 'rounds'. Chapter 4 provides an answer to the question "Why are trade agreements regional? " It argues that free trade agreements (FTAs) are regional because, in their absence, optimal tariffs are higher against (close) regional partners than (distant) countries outside the region. Optimal tariffs shift rents from foreign firms to domestic citizens. Lower transport costs imply higher rents and therefore higher tariffs. So regional FTAs have a higher payoff than non-regional FTAs. Therefore, only regional FTAs may yield positive gains when sponsoring an FTA is costly. To analyze equilibrium, standard theory of non-cooperative networks is extended to allow for asymmetric players. Naive best response dynamics show that 'trade blocks can be stepping blocks' for free trade.

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Best, Ulrich. "German-Polish cross-border co-operation and the politics of transgression." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/571.

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The thesis looks at German-Polish relations and the changing practices of cross-border cooperation in the 1990s. It reviews theories of border studies and argues that, in spite of all change, border studies is part of a structure of power. The author analyses the concepts of transgression and regression in order to describe the current constitution of states, borders and practice. The example of German-Polish relations shows how this constitution has changed throughout history, from a clear delineation of the Other to increasingly European discourse, especially after 1989. Cross-border co-operation, the author argues, has become integrated into the structures of power, has become a rule. Using discourse analysis, the author presents the change of German and Polish discourse on the Other. Traditional structures and historical stereotypes are combined with a new structure in the discourse, which stresses co-operation and encounter. Actors in crossborder co-operation are in a changed situation: their practices used to be defined as acting against state structures, but have now undergone an incorporation in these political and symbolic structures. The actors negotiate new, contradictory spaces for their actions: supported by the state but partly uncomfortable with it, drawing on the new hegemonic discourse of co-operation and trying to escape from it. Their practices, so the final argument, can also inform the practices of border studies.

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Mahmoud, Mostafa Maher Sayed. "Predator-prey, competition and co-operation systems with mixed boundary conditions." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/944.

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50

Key, Catherine Ann. "Co-operation, paternal care and the evolution of hominid social groups." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1383487/.

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Humans are social animals. Human societies emerge from vast networks of cooperative interactions between many different individuals. In this respect, humans are similar to most other primates. However, human societies are unusual among primates in the number of different types of cooperative relationships that are involved. In humans, males and females form strong pair bonds within large multimale, multi-female societies in which many other cooperative relationships are also important. How and when did human social systems arise? Do males and females use different types of cooperative strategies? Under what conditions does paternal care evolve? Do males and females have different constraints, and how do these affect the types of social strategies they employ? How do factors such as environment quality and seasonality modify these strategies? This thesis seeks answers to these questions using computer simulations based on the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma. The hypotheses generated by these models are tested using data from living primates. They are then used to investigate the kinds of societies that our hominid ancestors may have lived in. The theoretical and empirical evidence presented in this thesis suggests that sex differences in the energetic cost of reproduction determine the cooperative strategies, and ultimately the types of social groups, that evolve. It is proposed that during hominid evolution female energetic costs increased greatly, in comparison to male energetic costs, due to changes in body size dimorphism, diet and brain size. A two-stage model of hominid social structure is developed. The first stage, at the transition from the australopithecines to Homo erectus, would have involved an increase in female cooperation, especially food sharing. The second stage, occurring between 500,000 and 100,000 years ago, would have involved male care giving, the formation of pair bonds and the sexual division of labour within the context of a wider cooperative network.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Co-operation'

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