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Journal articles on the topic 'Co-crystalline'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Daniel, Christophe, Claudia Rufolo, Fabrizio Bobba, Alessandro Scarfato, Anna Maria Cucolo, and Gaetano Guerra. "Ferroelectric co-crystalline polymers." Journal of Materials Chemistry 21, no. 47 (2011): 19074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1jm13282b.

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2

Guerra, Gaetano, and Vittorio Petraccone. "Special Issue on Co-Crystalline and Nanoporous-Crystalline Polymers." Soft Materials 9, no. 2-3 (April 13, 2011): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1539445x.2011.552346.

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3

Kouchi, Akira, Masashi Tsuge, Tetsuya Hama, Hiromasa Niinomi, Naoki Nakatani, Takashi Shimonishi, Yasuhiro Oba, et al. "Formation of chiral CO polyhedral crystals on icy interstellar grains." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 1530–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1173.

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ABSTRACT The crystallinity and morphology of solid carbon monoxide (CO) on icy interstellar grains were examined by observing the deposition, crystallization, and UV and electrons irradiation of solid CO using transmission electron microscopy. Herein, we found that solid CO deposited in molecular clouds was crystalline, and that even if amorphous CO was deposited, amorphous CO crystallized within 103 yr at 10 K. Conversely, crystalline CO was not amorphized by UV rays or electron beam at 10 K. These results indicated the occurrence of chiral crystalline CO instead of amorphous CO in space. Furthermore, the large surface diffusion coefficients of CO on eamorphous H2O and crystalline CO at 10 K facilitated the morphological equilibration of crystalline CO. Bad wetting of crystalline CO with amorphous H2O proved that the morphology of the ice grains was not spherical with an onion-like structure, as hitherto assumed, but rather it was a polyhedral crystalline CO attached to amorphous H2O. This has important implications for phenomena associated with the collision and subsequent sticking between ice grains, surface chemical reactions, non-thermal desorption of molecules and the origin of homochirality in interstellar biomolecules.

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4

Soulantica, K., F. Wetz, J. Maynadié, A. Falqui, R. P. Tan, T. Blon, B. Chaudret, and M. Respaud. "Magnetism of single-crystalline Co nanorods." Applied Physics Letters 95, no. 15 (October 12, 2009): 152504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3237157.

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5

Guo, Wei, Jiahao Yao, Eric A. Jagle, Pyuck-Pa Choi, and Dierk Raabe. "Co-deformation of crystalline-amorphous nanolaminates." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, S3 (August 2015): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615002603.

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6

Chung, S. R., K. W. Wang, and T. P. Perng. "Electrochemical Hydrogenation of Crystalline Co Powder." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 153, no. 6 (2006): A1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2189978.

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7

Albunia, Alexandra R., Paola Rizzo, Maria Coppola, Martina De Pascale, and Gaetano Guerra. "Azobenzene isomerization in polymer co-crystalline phases." Polymer 53, no. 13 (June 2012): 2727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2012.04.015.

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8

Colino, J. M., M. A. Arranz, M. García-Hernández, M. T. Cuberes, N. O. Nuñez, and J. L. Vicent. "Granular Co/Ag multilayers with crystalline coherence." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 310, no. 2 (March 2007): e772-e774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.10.835.

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9

Braga, Dario, Michele R. Chierotti, Nadia Garino, Roberto Gobetto, Fabrizia Grepioni, Marco Polito, and Alessandra Viale. "Cis−TransIsomerization in Crystalline [(η5-C5H5)Fe(μ-CO)(CO)]2." Organometallics 26, no. 9 (April 2007): 2266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om061103e.

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10

Wang, Xinchang, Chengchuan Wang, and Fanghong Sun. "Development and growth time optimization of boron-doped micro-crystalline, undoped micro-crystalline and undoped nano-crystalline composite diamond film." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 232, no. 7 (August 29, 2016): 1244–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405416666902.

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Based on a well-designed growth procedure, a tri-material, namely, a three-layer boron-doped micro-crystalline, undoped micro-crystalline and undoped nano-crystalline composite diamond film, is deposited on the pretreated WC–6 wt% Co substrate, the basic characters of which are systematically studied and compared with some other commonly used diamond films. Besides, the growth times for three respective layers are accordingly determined. It is further clarified that the underlying boron-doped micro-crystalline diamond layer can well adhere to the WC–Co substrate due to either the reduction in the residual stress or the formation of B–Co compounds. There is no doubt that the surface undoped nano-crystalline diamond layer with relatively lower hardness and initial surface roughness is more convenient to be polished to the required surface roughness. Moreover, when the growth times for the middle undoped micro-crystalline diamond layer and the surface undoped nano-crystalline diamond layer are both appropriate, the undoped micro-crystalline diamond layer with extremely high diamond quality and hardness can effectively reinforce the surface hardness of the whole composite film. Based on the discussions on the influences of the growth times for the different layers on the performance of the composite diamond film, the growth times for the boron-doped micro-crystalline diamond, undoped micro-crystalline diamond and undoped nano-crystalline diamond layers are, respectively, determined as 4, 4 and 2 h. Under such conditions, the reinforcement effect of the middle layer on the surface hardness can be guaranteed, and the undoped nano-crystalline diamond grains have totally covered the undoped micro-crystalline diamond layer.

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11

Pan, H., J. B. Yi, B. H. Liu, S. Thongmee, J. Ding, Yuan Ping Feng, and Jian Yi Lin. "Magnetic Properties of Highly-Ordered Ni, Co and Their Alloy Nanowires in AAO Templates." Solid State Phenomena 111 (April 2006): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.111.123.

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We have fabricated metal/alumina hybrid materials by electrodepositon of metal nanowires into nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide templates. Single crystalline Ni and Co nanowires have been successfully fabricated. Structural characterization (XRD and HRTEM) shows that the single crystalline Ni nanowire has a preferred orientation along (220) direction. The preferred orientation of Co nanowire is along (100). These single crystalline Ni and Co nanowires have exhibited excellent magnetic properties. Their alloy nanowires have exhibited a large shift in hysteresis, probably due to the surface oxidation and exchange bias effect.

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12

Chi, Lin, Zheng Wang, Yuan Sun, Shuang Lu, and Yan Yao. "Crystalline/Amorphous Blend Identification from Cobalt Adsorption by Layered Double Hydroxides." Materials 11, no. 9 (September 13, 2018): 1706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091706.

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In this study, the adsorption behavior of CaAl-Cl layered double hydroxide (CaAl-Cl-LDH) with a controlled pH value (pH = 6) on Co(II) ions ([Co] = 8 mM) is investigated. The comprehensively accepted mechanism of cobalt adsorption on LDH is considered to be co-precipitation, and the final adsorbed products are normally crystalline Co-LDH. One unanticipated finding is that crystalline/amorphous blends are found in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of Co-adsorbed LDH. To shed light on the adsorption products and the mechanisms in the adsorption process of Co(II) in an aqueous solution by CaAl-Cl-LDH, a series of testing methods including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) are applied to clarify the interaction between cobalt and CaAl-Cl-LDH. According to the comprehensive analysis, the formation of the crystalline/amorphous blends corresponds to two adsorption mechanisms. The crystalline phases are identified as Co6Al2CO3(OH)16·4H2O, which is attributed to the co-precipitation process occurring in the interaction between Co(II) and CaAl-Cl-LDH. The formation of the amorphous phases is due to surface complexation on amorphous Al(OH)3 hydrolyzed from CaAl-Cl-LDH.

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13

Wei, Xue-Wei, Cong Chen, Tian-Yu Wu, Li-Hai Cai, and Hai-Mu Ye. "Promoting Co-Crystallization in Poly(butylene succinate) and Poly(butylene fumarate) Blends via End-Group Functionalization." Molecules 27, no. 20 (October 20, 2022): 7086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207086.

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Co-crystallization plays a crucial role in the integration and regulation of thermal and mechanical properties in polymer blends, but the poor compatibility of the components in the crystal phase has always been a major obstacle to co-crystallization, which puts forward stricter requests for linkage and interaction between different entities. On the basis of the hydrogen-bonding interaction that can promote chain stacking and thus improve miscibility, we propose that crystalline/crystalline blends of 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (UPy)-functionalized poly(butylene succinate) and poly(butylene fumarate) (PBS-UPy/PBF-UPy) where UPy groups with quadruple hydrogen-bonding interaction are employed to connect different chain ends, could inhibit phase separation and improve co-crystallization. PBS-UPy/PBF-UPy blends exhibit complex component-dependent and cooling-rate-dependent co-crystallization behavior. A high level of co-crystallization occurs in the range of PBS-UPy-rich fractions, and the proportion could approach over 98% under optimized conditions with the aid of UPy quadruple hydrogen bonds interaction. This work enriches the understanding of co-crystallization in crystalline/crystalline polymer blends and provides more possibility for the design of structures and properties of polymer materials.

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14

Tu-Ning Fang and Jian-Gang Zhu. "Effect of crystalline microstructure in patterned Co and Permalloy/Co film elements." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 36, no. 5 (2000): 2623–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.908537.

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15

Li, J., A. W. Rate, and R. J. Gilkes. "Fractionation of trace elements in some non-agricultural Australian soils." Soil Research 41, no. 7 (2003): 1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr02146.

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The fractionation of Ag, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in highly weathered soils was investigated using 5 operationally defined fractions: exchangeable, organic, amorphous Fe oxides, crystalline Fe oxides, and residual fraction. Crystalline Fe oxide and residual phases were the dominant hosts of Ag in the original soils, but for soils to which soluble Ag was added, much Ag was in the crystalline Fe oxide fractions and only a relatively small proportion of Ag was in the residual fraction. Crystalline Fe oxides and the residual fraction were also the major hosts to Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn.

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16

Noh, Jin-Seo, Min-Kyung Lee, Jinhee Ham, and Wooyoung Lee. "Co nanoparticle hybridization with single-crystalline Bi nanowires." Nanoscale Research Letters 6, no. 1 (2011): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1556-276x-6-598.

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17

Maulny, A. P. E., S. T. Beckett, and G. Mackenzie. "Physical Properties of Co-crystalline Sugar and Honey." Journal of Food Science 70, no. 9 (May 31, 2006): E567—E572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb08320.x.

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18

Varela, M., E. Bertran, J. Esteve, and J. L. Morenza. "Crystalline properties of co-evaporated CuInSe2 thin films." Thin Solid Films 130, no. 1-2 (August 1985): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(85)90304-9.

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19

Sha, Liu, and Xu Kai-hua. "Preparation of nano-crystalline Co powder from CoCO3." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 27, no. 1 (January 2009): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2008.03.004.

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20

Armyanov, S., E. Valova, A. Franquet, J. Dille, J. L. Delplancke, A. Hubin, O. Steenhaut, D. Kovacheva, D. Tatchev, and Ts Vassilev. "Crystalline and Amorphous Electroless Co-W-P Coatings." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 152, no. 9 (2005): C612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1990124.

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21

da Costa, Nuno F., Rolf Daniels, Ana I. Fernandes, and João F. Pinto. "Downstream Processing of Amorphous and Co-Amorphous Olanzapine Powder Blends." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 8 (July 23, 2022): 1535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14081535.

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The work evaluates the stability of amorphous and co-amorphous olanzapine (OLZ) in tablets manufactured by direct compression. The flowability and the compressibility of amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ with saccharin (SAC) and the properties of the tablets obtained were measured and compared to those of tablets made with crystalline OLZ. The flowability of the amorphous and mostly of the co-amorphous OLZ powders decreased in comparison with the crystalline OLZ due to the higher cohesiveness of the former materials. The stability of the amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ prior to and after tableting was monitored by XRPD, FTIR, and NIR spectroscopies. Tablets presented long-lasting amorphous OLZ with enhanced water solubility, but the release rate of the drug decreased in comparison with tablets containing crystalline OLZ. In physical mixtures made of crystalline OLZ and SAC, an extent of amorphization of approximately 20% was accomplished through the application of compaction pressures and dwell times of 155 MPa and 5 min, respectively. The work highlighted the stability of amorphous and co-amorphous OLZ during tableting and the positive effect of compaction pressure on the formation of co-amorphous OLZ, providing an expedited amorphization technique, given that the process development-associated hurdles were overcome.

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22

Cajzl, Jakub, Banu Akhetova, Pavla Nekvindová, Anna Macková, Petr Malinský, Jiří Oswald, Zdeněk Remeš, Marián Varga, and Alexander Kromka. "Co-implantation of Er and Yb ions into single-crystalline and nano-crystalline diamond." Surface and Interface Analysis 50, no. 11 (March 2, 2018): 1218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.6407.

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23

Luo, Fei, Lin Zhang, Zhi Dan Li, Jian Hua Wang, and Yu Zhong Guo. "Influence of Li, Al Substitution for Mn on Crystal Structure and Electrochemical Performance of Li_1+xMn_2-x-yAl_yO₄ Cathode Materials." Advanced Materials Research 1058 (November 2014): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1058.297.

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Li1+xMn2-x-yAlyO4cathode materials were prepared via co-precipitation route; and the crystalline structures, morphologies and electrochemical performance of the prepared powder samples are characterized by XRD, SEM, Galvanostatic charge–discharge cycling. Experimental results show that Li, Al co-substitution significantly enforces the crystalline structures and improves the cycle stability of LiMn2O4materials, and Li1.1Mn1.805Al0.095O4exhibits promising electrochemical performance.

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24

Kompaniiets, M., O. V. Dobrovolskiy, C. Neetzel, E. Begun, F. Porrati, W. Ensinger, and M. Huth. "Proximity-induced superconductivity in crystalline Cu and Co nanowires and nanogranular Co structures." Journal of Applied Physics 116, no. 7 (August 21, 2014): 073906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4893549.

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25

Le, Duc Thang, and Jeong Ho Cho. "Nano–Crystalline Mn–Ni–Co–O Thermistor Powder Prepared by Co–Precipitation Method." Powders 2, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/powders2010004.

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Here, we demonstrate that nano–sized Mn–Ni–Co–O powder can be prepared at a low temperature via a co–precipitation method. In this work, Mn2+ was partially oxidized to Mn3+ ions in an aqueous solution by adding an oxidizing agent (H2O2). The co-presence of Mn2+ and Mn3+ cations enabled the precipitated products to be well-crystallized at a calcining temperature as low as 650 °C, forming a pure cubic spinel structure. The pellets fabricated from this calcined powder showed a relative density of up to 97.1% at a moderate sintering temperature of 1100 °C. Moreover, these ceramics exhibited electrical performance suitable for use in industrial thermistors, i.e., a room temperature resistivity (ρ25) of 1232 Ω cm, a thermistor constant (B25/85) of 3676 K, and an aging coefficient (ΔR/R) of 1.43%. High sintering activity as well as the excellent electrical properties of the ceramics was attributed to the fine-sized particles of the synthesized powder.

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26

Chua, Chin Sheng, Davide Ansovini, Coryl Jing Jun Lee, Yin Ting Teng, Lay Ting Ong, Dongzhi Chi, T. S. Andy Hor, Robert Raja, and Yee-Fun Lim. "The effect of crystallinity on photocatalytic performance of Co3O4 water-splitting cocatalysts." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 7 (2016): 5172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp07589k.

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27

Sukaryo, Sulistioso Giat, and Wisnu Ari Adi. "PEMBENTUKAN NANOPARTIKEL PADUAN CoCrMo DENGAN METODA PEMADUAN MEKANIK[Manufacturing of Co-Cr-Mo Alloy Nano-Particle by Using Mechanical Alloying]]." Metalurgi 27, no. 1 (June 26, 2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v27i1.139.

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AbstrakMetoda pemaduan mekanik adalah reaksi padatan dari beberapa logam dengan memanfaatkan proses deformasi untuk membentuk suatu paduan. Pada penelitian ini dibuat paduan Co-Cr-Mo dengan proses wet milling dengan variasi waktu milling selama 3, 5, 10, 20, dan 30 jam. Proses wet milling sangat efektif untuk mencegah terjadinya oksidasi dan juga memicu pembentukan paduan Co-Cr-Mo dengan baik. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi pertumbuhan fasa γ pada durasi milling 3, 5, 10, 20, dan 30 jam, berturut-turut sebesar 42,80 %; 67,61 %; 82,94 %, 84,63 % dan 88,92 %. Ukuran kristalit fasa γ sebesar 25,9 nm; 12,5 nm; 5,1 nm dan 4,9 nm seiring dengan meningkatnya waktu milling. Disimpulkan bahwa telah berhasil dilakukan pembuatan paduan nanokristalin Co-Cr-Mo dengan metode pemaduan mekanik lebih dari 85 % dengan waktu milling minimum selama 30 jam. Kata kunci : Co-Cr-Mo, pemaduan mekanik, nano-kristalin AbstractSynthesis of Co-Cr-Mo nano-crystalline by mechanical alloying has been carried out. Mechanical alloying is a solid state reaction of some metals by utilizing the deformation process to form an alloy. In this research, parameter milling time used for making Co-Cr-Mo alloy by wet milling process is 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 h. Wet milling process is very effective to prevent oxidation and triggers the formation of fine Co-Cr-Mo alloys. Results of XRD pattern refinement shows that Co-Cr-Mo alloys was growth by percentage approximately around 42.80%, 67.61%, 82.94%, 84.63% and 88.92% for milling time 3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 h, respectively. Otherwise, crystalline size measurement after milling time 5, 10, 20, and 30 h obtained around 25.9 nm, 12.5 nm, 5.1 nm and 4.9 nm, respectively. This research concluded that the optimum milling time could obtained synthesizes nano-crystalline of Co-Cr-Mo alloy more than 85% is 30 h. Keywords: Co-Cr-Mo alloy, mechanical alloying, nano-crystalline

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28

Janotová, Irena, Peter Švec, Igor Mat’ko, Peter Švec, Dušan Janičkovič, and Juraj Zigo. "Structure of Rapidly Quenched Fe-Co-Sn-B Systems with Varying Fe/Co Ratio." Journal of Electrical Engineering 66, no. 5 (September 1, 2015): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2015-0049.

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Abstract We present a study of ferromagnetic systems based on Fe-Co-Sn-B in nanocrystalline state. Interesting magnetic properties potentially are given by the homogeneous and ultrafine structure of bcc Fe grains in amorphous structure. The effect of alloying by Sn improves the properties of resulting structure constituted be crystalline grains in amorphous matrix. The structure transformation from amorphous state was investigated by selected techniques of thermal analysis and the resulting phase and morphology of crystalline products were analyzed.

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29

Davis, Daly, Sramana Kundu, Vaibhav S. Prabhudesai, and E. Krishnakumar. "O− from amorphous and crystalline CO2 ices." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 18 (2014): 8582–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cp55421j.

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Reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy and time of flight mass spectrometry are combined to show that low energy electron induced desorption of O⁻ from crystalline CO₂ films is smaller than that from amorphous CO₂ films.

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30

Awan, Saif Ullah, S. K. Hasanain, M. S. Awan, and Saqlain A. Shah. "Raman scattering and interstitial Li defects induced polarization in co-doped multiferroic Zn0.96-yCo0.04LiyO (0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.10) nanoparticles." RSC Advances 5, no. 50 (2015): 39828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03691g.

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31

Al-Halabi, A., E. F. van Dishoeck, and G. J. Kroes. "Sticking of CO to crystalline and amorphous ice surfaces." Journal of Chemical Physics 120, no. 7 (February 15, 2004): 3358–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1640337.

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32

NAKAMAE, Katsuhiko, Takashi NISHINO, Yukio SHIMIZU, and Tsunetaka MATSUMOTO. "Elastic modulus of crystalline regions of aromatic co-polyamides." KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 45, no. 7 (1988): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.45.573.

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33

Wang, Ding‐Sheng, Ruqian Wu, and A. J. Freeman. "Theoretical studies of the magneto‐crystalline anisotropy: Monolayer Co." Journal of Applied Physics 73, no. 10 (May 15, 1993): 6745–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352523.

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34

Kim, C. G., Y. W. Rheem, C. O. Kim, E. E. Shalyguina, and E. A. Ganshina. "Magnetostatic properties of heterogeneous Co-based amorphous/crystalline phases." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 262, no. 3 (June 2003): 412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(03)00072-6.

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35

Rudolf, C., P. Saring, L. Stolze, and M. Seibt. "Co-precipitation of copper and nickel in crystalline silicon." Materials Science and Engineering: B 159-160 (March 2009): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2008.10.015.

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36

Suzuki, Kenta, Hiromu Saito, Masatoshi Tokita, and Junji Watanabe. "Development of co-continuous structure in liquid crystalline polyester." Polymer 46, no. 19 (September 2005): 8313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.06.044.

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37

Machida, Y., K. Tomokuni, T. Isono, K. Izawa, Y. Nakajima, and T. Tamegai. "Thermal conductivity tensor of single crystalline Co-doped BaFe2As2." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 43, no. 3 (January 2011): 714–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2010.07.036.

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38

Fuhrhop, Jürgen-Hinrich, Sönke Svenson, Peter Luger, and Christoph André. "Micellar fibres with crystalline surfaces and their co-crystallization." Supramolecular Chemistry 2, no. 2-3 (July 1993): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10610279308038311.

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39

Kulik, T., H. Matyja, and B. Lisowski. "Magnetization of amorphous and crystalline CoSiB alloys." Materials Science and Engineering 99, no. 1-2 (March 1988): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5416(88)90296-0.

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40

Xu, Kaikai, Guomin Xia, Dong Liu, Lixia Jiang, Mingda Wang, Dingjun Liu, Xin Lv, Wenzhe Shan, and Hongming Wang. "Designed synthesis of Co salen-based metalated crystalline polymers." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 57, no. 5 (December 27, 2018): 641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.29304.

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41

Kompaniiets, Maksym, Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy, Cornelia Neetzel, Wolfgang Ensinger, and Michael Huth. "Superconducting Proximity Effect in Crystalline Co and Cu Nanowires." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 28, no. 2 (August 21, 2014): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10948-014-2694-x.

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42

Mulukutla, Mrinalini, Vamsi Karthik Kommineni, and Sandip P. Harimkar. "Pulsed electrodeposition of Co–W amorphous and crystalline coatings." Applied Surface Science 258, no. 7 (January 2012): 2886–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.11.002.

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43

Chen, L., J. Lin, H. Y. Chen, S. Xu, K. Li, C. K. Ong, K. L. Tan, and J. Li. "CO adsorption and hydrogenation on crystalline YBa2Cu3Ox thin films." Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie 102, no. 1 (January 1998): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbpc.19981020113.

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44

Ren, Yu, Zhen Ma, Linping Qian, Sheng Dai, Heyong He, and Peter G. Bruce. "Ordered Crystalline Mesoporous Oxides as Catalysts for CO Oxidation." Catalysis Letters 131, no. 1-2 (March 28, 2009): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-009-9931-0.

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45

An, Ji-Hun, Changjin Lim, Alice Kiyonga, In Chung, In Lee, Kilwoong Mo, Minho Park, et al. "Co-Amorphous Screening for the Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Water-Soluble Mirabegron and Investigation of Their Intermolecular Interactions and Dissolution Behaviors." Pharmaceutics 10, no. 3 (September 5, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10030149.

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In the present study, the screening of Mirabegron (MBR) co-amorphous was performed to produce water-soluble and thermodynamically stable MBR co-amorphous with the purpose of overcoming the water solubility problem of MBR. MBR is Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class II drug used for the treatment of an overreactive bladder. The co-amorphous screening was carried out by means of the vacuum evaporation crystallization technique in methanol solvent using three water-soluble carboxylic acids, characterized by a pKa difference greater than 3 with MBR such as fumaric acid (FA), l-pyroglutamic acid (PG), and citric acid (CA). Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) results suggested that all solid materials produced at MBR-FA (1 equivalent (eq.)/1 equivalent (eq.)), MBR-PG (1 eq./1 eq.), and MBR-CA (1 eq./1 eq.) conditions were amorphous state solid materials. Furthermore, by means of solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H, 13C, and 2D) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, we could assess that MBR and carboxylic acid molecules were linked via ionic interactions to produce MBR co-amorphous. Besides, solid-state cross polarization (CP)/magic angle spinning (MAS) 13C-NMR analysis was conducted for additional assessment of MBR co-amorphous. Afterwards, dissolution tests of MBR co-amorphouses, MBR crystalline solid, and MBR amorphous were carried out for 12 h to evaluate and to compare their solubilities, dissolution rates, and phase transformation phenomenon. Here, the results suggested that MBR co-amorphouses displayed more than 57-fold higher aqueous solubility compared to MBR crystalline solid, and PXRD monitoring result suggested that MBR co-amorphouses were able to maintain their amorphous state for more than 12 h. The same results revealed that MBR amorphous exhibited increased solubility of approximatively 6.7-fold higher compared to MBR crystalline solid. However, the PXRD monitoring result suggested that MBR amorphous undergo rapid phase transformation to crystalline form in just 35 min and that within an hour all MBR amorphous are completely converted to crystalline solid. Accordingly, the increase in MBR co-amorphous’ solubility was attributed to the presence of ionic interactions in MBR co-amorphous molecules. Moreover, from the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) monitoring results, we predicted that the high glass transition temperature (Tg) of MBR co-amorphous compared to MBR amorphous was the main factor influencing the phase stability of MBR co-amorphous.

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Hufnagel, T. C., S. Brennan, A. P. Payne, and B. M. Clemens. "Observation of a rapid amorphization reaction." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 8 (August 1992): 1976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.1976.

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We have observed a rapid amorphization reaction at ambient temperature in the Gd/Co system by employing grazing incidence x-ray scattering. We find that a 135 Å crystalline Gd film is amorphized in less than 30 min by deposition of Co. We postulate that the rapidity of the reaction is due to surface diffusion of Co atoms after deposition to fast diffusion sites such as grain boundaries in the Gd film. Once the interfacial region has been amorphized these fast diffusion paths are sealed off from the surface, rapid diffusion of Co into the Gd crystalline layer is prevented, and the amorphization reaction stops.

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Chen, Liang, Hexing Yin, Yong Zhou, Hui Dai, Tao Yu, Jianguo Liu, and Zhigang Zou. "In situ direct growth of single crystalline metal (Co, Ni) selenium nanosheets on metal fibers as counter electrodes toward low-cost, high-performance fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells." Nanoscale 8, no. 4 (2016): 2304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr07376f.

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Yang, Xi-Ya, Wen-Jing Li, Zeng-Long Tan, Jing-Quan Sha, Zhi-Bo Tong, Yu Zhang, and Ya-Qian Lan. "Polyoxometalate-pillared metal–organic frameworks synthesized by surfactant-assisted strategy and incorporated with carbon nanotubes for energy storage." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 47 (2020): 25316–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta08976a.

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Two new crystalline POM-pillared 3D porous arrays, Co-PMo and Co-PW, have been synthesized. The Co-PMo/CNTs nanocomposites with increased effective sites and excellent conductivity exhibit excellent energy storage performance.

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Yi, Haocong, Changjian Zuo, Hengyu Ren, Wenguang Zhao, Yuetao Wang, Shouxiang Ding, Yang Li, et al. "Structure evolution and energy storage mechanism of Zn3V3O8 spinel in aqueous zinc batteries." Nanoscale 13, no. 34 (2021): 14408–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nr02347k.

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We reveal a “bulk to nano-crystalline” structure evolution in Zn3V3O8 spinel, and a proton and Zn2+ co-intercalation mechanism for energy storage of this nano-crystalline Zn–V–O spinel, which guarantees an excellent electrode performance.

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Li, Han, Bicheng Zhu, Shaowen Cao, and Jiaguo Yu. "Controlling defects in crystalline carbon nitride to optimize photocatalytic CO2 reduction." Chemical Communications 56, no. 42 (2020): 5641–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc01338b.

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