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Academic literature on the topic 'CO₂ supercritique'
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Journal articles on the topic "CO₂ supercritique"
Luck, F., C. Bonnin, G. Niel, and G. Naud. "Caractérisation des sous-produits d'oxydation des boues en conditions sous-critiques et supercritiques." Revue des sciences de l'eau 8, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705234ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "CO₂ supercritique"
Gay, Swann. "Elaboration de matrices microcellulaires de polymère biosourcé par la technologie CO², supercritique." Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0007.
Full textIn the present context, where the preservation of resources and sustainable development became the main issues of this century, the production of more efficient and environmentally friendly materials is essential. Thus, this work deals with thedevelopment of biobased polymeric porous matrix using SC-CO2. The use of PLA makes it possible to produce 100% biosourced and biodegradable matrices, while the use of CO2-SC reduces the ecological impact of the shaping processes. In a first step, a parametric study of PLA matrix shaping by a thermal induced phase separation (TIPS) method coupled to CO2 drying was performed. Low density microcellular matrices were obtained with tunable structural and mechanical properties. The whole process was analyze by life cycle assessment and the results showed that SC-CO2 replacing freeze drying has reduced the environmental impact between 50 and 90%. Secondly, a phase separation in situ study by tomography-X synchrotron radiation tomography allowed us to better understand the mechanics of our process. Finally, the last part of this work was devoted to the implementation of a solvent free process, using SC-CO2 as a blowing agent. The results obtained were used to carry out a comparative study of the two processes developed
Spack, Lionel. "Utilisation de CO₂ supercritique pour l'extraction de résidus de pesticides nitroaromatiques dans les sols /." Lausanne, 1997. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1731.
Full textHoussein, Mohamed Mohamed. "Développement d’une méthode ultra-efficace pour le calcul de la solvatation du CO₂ supercritique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0110.
Full textClimate change issues drive the search for more environmentally friendly solvents. Supercritical CO₂ (scCO₂) is a promising candidate due to its non-toxicity and ease of recycling, despite its low solvation power for polar solutes. It is already used in industrial chemical processes such as separation and extraction. Moreover, solvation properties can be adjusted by pressure variations. To better understand the correlation between pressure variations and the solvation power of scCO₂, it is essential to have an efficient tool to predict solvation properties under different thermodynamic conditions and in the presence of various solutes. For this, we turn to molecular density functional theory (MDFT), which offers a promising alternative by combining precise microscopic modeling with ultra-fast calculations (100,000 times faster than molecular dynamics). In the homogeneous reference approach, the MDFT functional is divided into four parts: the ideal part, the external solute/solvent interaction, the homogenous solvent/solvent interaction and the bridge term. The homogenous solvent/solvent interaction requires the direct correlation functions of the bulk solvent, which can be calculated from either expensive MD simulations or fast but approximate molecular integral equation theories. Different approximations exist for the bridge term, which can also be parametrized from the thermodynamic properties of the pure solvent. In this work, we first investigated the exact direct correlation functions of scCO₂ obtained from MD and those from the simplest molecular integral equations, the hypernetted-chain (HNC) approximation. We also fit two standard bridge terms using the equation of state of CO₂ obtained from MD. Next, we determine the solvation properties for atomic and molecular solutes using MDFT, fed by MD simulations for a particular thermodynamic condition. Simultaneously, we conduct MD simulations to test the validity of our results. Finally, we explore other thermodynamic conditions to determine the free energy of solvation of a CO₂ solute in scCO₂ (i.e., the chemical potential) using MDFT, fed either by MD or HNC. We successfully determine solvation properties in a few minutes with accuracy comparable to MD simulations
Bordet, Fleur. "Extraction des liants organiques des céramiques au moyen de fluides dans l'état supercritique." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0041.
Full textThis study, supported by ADEME, concerns the extraction of organic compounds from ceramic bodies by supercritical fluids. .
Thong, Deng Honda. "Extraction et mise en forme (en liposomes) de phospholipides issus d'un co-produit par voie supercritique." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14351/document.
Full textThe demand in phospholipids is increasing because of their use in defferent domains, i.e. pharmaceutics, food industry, and cosmetics. Nowadays, the main sources of phospholipids come from soya and egg yolk classically extracted using organic solvents. The present work was undertaken in order to add value to waste products of fishery and to extract the lipids using a green technology. We developed an alternative green technique for lipid extraction based on the use of GRAS solvents as CO2 and ethanol. The extractions were carried out by flowing supercritical CO2. Varying the operating conditions (pressure, temperature, proportion and nature of the co-solvent, type of reactors) allowed obtaining extracts with different purities and contents in phospholipids. Finally, we explored the possibility of producing liposomes by coupling the phospholipid extraction using supercritical fluids and the vesicle formation in a continuous process
Girard, Etienne. "Macromolecular engineering of CO2-philic (co)polymers through RAFT/MADIX polymerization." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2330/.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript describes the development of original families of CO2-philic (co)polymers in a context of an increasing promotion of green solvents such as supercritical carbon dioxide. In this respect, innovative amphiphilic block copolymers which may act as macromolecular surfactants for water/carbon dioxide emulsions are also studied. This thesis encompasses the synthesis, the characterization and the property studies of such (co)polymers, with a particular emphasis on their solubility in supercritical CO2. Building on RAFT/MADIX polymerization, the structure and the composition of these macromolecules were varied using vinyl acetate, fluorinated vinyl esters and fluorinated olefins as CO2-philic monomers. The influence of macromolecular characteristics of CO2-philic and amphiphilic copolymers including chain length, chain end group and CO2-phobic/CO2-philic balance on their solubility was then studied through infrared spectroscopy and cloud point measurements, in order to draw structure-property relationships
Longelin, Stéphane. "Étude de fluides supercritiques simples (CO2, C2D6) par diffusion de neutrons, spectroscopie Raman et simulation de dynamique moléculaire." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00283215.
Full textDifférentes techniques ont été employées :
Un nouveau modèle d'ajustement de structures moléculaires a été proposé, et validé grâce à des expériences de diffusion de neutrons aux grands transferts de moments, sur le C2D6.
La représentation expérimentale de la fonction universelle critique pour le C2D6 et le CO2 à été obtenue grâce au spin écho de neutrons, en s'appuyant sur des mesures de structure en diffusion élastique de neutrons aux petits angles.
La spectroscopie Raman et la simulation de dynamique moléculaire sur le CO2 ont également été utilisées pour caractériser la structure et la dynamique. La diffusion ainsi que les fluctuations de la densité microscopique ont été analysées.
Duval, Johanna. "Eco-valorisation de la plante Kniphofia uvaria : de la plante à la galénique." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2045/document.
Full textNowadays, green chemistry is a great challenge. It seeks innovation in the development of eco-efficient processes. The production of natural products from renewable materials by these new environmentally friendly processes is more and more used. The aim of this Ph.D thesis is to develop an eco-valuation strategy to extract, characterize, produce and impregnate natural products onto a cosmetic support using sub/supercritical fluids. Consequently, we used oleaginous plant seeds from Kniphofia uvaria as a plant model, which was selected for its interesting cosmetic properties such as antioxidant or anti-ageing. Firstly, the SFC-MS hyphenation with the APCI as an ionization source was developed to screen bioactive molecules; responsible of cosmetic properties. This coupling was performed by the hybrid combination of (U)HPLC/SFC-HRMS. Various optimizations in terms of the solvent make-up (nature and proportion), modulation with SFC and MS parameters were carried out in order to improve sensitivity and selectivity of lipid analysis. Secondly, an enrichment strategy to concentrate bioactive compounds in the final extract was developed by SFE and CPC. Thus, in SFE, experimental parameters (temperature, pressure, nature/proportion of the modifier in the CO2 fluid) were optimized while in CPC, the injection optimization was realized. Methods for the selective fractionation of anthraquinones and triglycerides were obtained in CPC and SFE. Finally, an on-line sub/supercritical extraction-impregnation process was developed to extract and for simultaneously impregnating anthraquinones onto a cosmetic silica. Development and optimization of this process was realized on a laboratory scale. Consequently, this study demonstrated the feasibility of this concept and it presents a great interest to provide natural products as a galenic form, which could be used in the cosmetic formulation
Prêtre, Daniel. "Contribution à l'étude de la conductivité électrique de systèmes supercritiques de type CO₂-cosolvants /." Lausanne, 1994. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1057.
Full textLafrad, Fatima. "Dissolution et fonctionnalisation de la cellulose dans les mélanges co-solvant/fluides sous et supercritiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10029.
Full textThis thesis presents a detailed study of the dissolution and the functionalization of cellulose in the co-solvent/sub and supercritical fluids. Many fluids have been used, including supercritical mixtures of acetone/CO2 and ethanol/CO2, urea/CO2 subcritical water, 1,8-Diazabicycloundec-7-ene (DBU)/CO2 mixture and methanol/DBU/CO2 mixture. Infrared spectroscopy was used to study the intermolecular interactions in the supercritical mixture of acetone/CO2 and ethanol/CO2, over a wide range of molar fractions and temperatures. Molecular dynamics simulations coupled with infrared spectroscopy measurements were performed to understand the hydrogen bonds interactions in sub and supercritical water, over a wide temperature range. In-situ kinetics studies using FT infrared spectroscopy, has been performed to optimize the dissolution of cellulose in various sub and supercritical solvents. We didn’t found any spectral signature of the dissolution of cellulose in the acetone/CO2 and the ethanol/CO2 mixtures. However, cellulose has been transformed to cellulose carbamate in the urea/supercritical CO2 mixture. The SEM photograph of cellulose treated in the switchable ionic liquids prepared from DBU/subcritical CO2 or DBU/methanol/subcritical CO2 showed a change in the cellulose morphology. Several spectroscopic techniques were used in this study (infrared transmission or ATR, CP / MAS solid NMR, SEM). The quantum calculations on models of configurations formed by CO2, DBU and cellobiose (to mimic the cellulose) were carried out and allowed us to propose a reaction mechanism for the reaction of the cellulose in the DBU/CO2 mixture