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Journal articles on the topic 'CNINIS'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 September 2024

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1

Nuñez Guerra, Alierky, Orlando Martínez, and Celso Germán Sánchez Zayas. "Metodologi?a para la evaluacio?n de la calidad de la formacio?n laboral de los te?cnicos medios de la especialidad Meca?nica Industrial." Revista de Investigación Académica Sin Frontera: División de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales, no. 28 (December 16, 2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46589/rdiasf.v0i28.184.

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La presente investigacio?n responde a uno de los problemas que enfrentan la escuelas polite?cnicas de la provincia Camagu?ey, relacionado con las que afectan las transformaciones en la Educacio?n Te?cnica y Profesional: la formacio?n laboral de los te?cnicos medios. A partir de las insuficiencias encontradas, la investigacio?n presenta y fundamenta una metodologi?a para evaluar la calidad de la formacio?n laboral del te?cnico medio de la especialidad Meca?nica Industrial. Su importancia radica que con su aplicacio?n se puede favorecer la formacio?n laboral de los estudiantes y evaluar su calidad como proceso y resultad de su formacio?n laboral. Para constatar las dificultades existentes se aplican instrumentos tales como: Entrevista, encuestas, cuestionarios, observacio?n participante, ana?lisis de documentos oficiales, ana?lisis porcentual y la tabulacio?n de los resultados alcanzados.

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2

Michael, Michael. "Teknik Pemeriksaan Radiografi Cruris Dextra Pada Kasus Fraktur 1/3 Distal Di RS Universitas Sumatra Utara." Impression : Jurnal Teknologi dan Informasi 2, no. 2 (July 11, 2022): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.59086/jti.v2i2.511.

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Teknik Pemeriksaan Radiografi Ossa Cniris dettra pada Kasus Fraktur 1/3 Distal di Instalasi Radiologi Universitas Sumatera Utara, bertujuan untuk mengetahui teknik pemeriksaan radiografi cniris yang benar pada kasus fraktur. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Universitas Sumatera Utara pada bulan Juli 2018. Data penelitian ini diambil dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara mendalam kepada responden, dan dokumentasi yang kemudian akan diolah di bentuk sistem pengkodean terbuka. Mengenai kondisi pasien posisi menyamping tidak dapat diputar kesamping, penulis membuat arah penyinaran dari mediolateral (dari dalam ke luar) dengan sinar horizontal dan pita vertikal. Radiographic Examination Technique Ossa Cniris dettra in the Case of Fracture 1/3 Distal at the Radiology Installation at the University of North Sumatra, aims to determine the cniris radiographic examination technique correctly in cases of fracture. This type of research uses qualitative research wilh a case study approach conducted al the University of North Sumatra Hospital in July 2018. The data of this study were taken by conducting observations, in-depth interviews with respondents, and documentation which will then be processed in the form of an open coding system. Regarding the condition of the patient in the lateral position, it cannot be rotated laterally, the writer makes the direction of radiation from the mediolateral (from inside to outside) with horizontal rays and vertical tapes.

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3

Kovalenko, Igor. "CNIRS Corner." NIR news 26, no. 2 (March 2015): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/nirn.1513.

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4

Stronk, Jan. "Ctesias of Cnidus, a Reappraisal." Mnemosyne 60, no. 1 (2007): 25–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852507x165838.

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AbstractThe works of Ctesias of Cnidus have frequently been regarded as second rate at best. His reliability as a historian has been seriously questioned in particular, not only by Felix Jacoby and many historians after him, but also by authors in antiquity. Doubts were especially raised about Ctesias' Indica, but also the trustworthiness of his Persica was—and still is—considered dubious. This verdict appears to be unfair, for two reasons. The first is that hardly anything that can be attributed directly to Ctesias has survived: the overwhelming majority of material ascribed to Ctesias has been transmitted by other authors, who used their source not necessarily with proper care. The second is to be found in Demetrius' On Style: here a new perspective on Ctesias is offered. It shows that we should no longer regard Ctesias primarily as a historian, but as a forerunner of a new literary genre (culminating in the classical novel) mixing historical fact with fictitious elements. It is only because of the lack of a proper word in antiquity to describe this genre that the term 'history' was applied to his work as well. It would confuse many generations of historians and deny Ctesias his proper place in Greek literary history.

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Dive, G., and C. L. Lapière. "Nouvelle version du programme CNINDO." Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges 89, no. 2 (September 1, 2010): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19800890201.

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6

Tesevic, Vele, Slobodan Milosavljevic, Vlatka Vajs, Pedja Janackovic, Iris Djordjevic, Milka Jadranin, and Ivan Vuckovic. "Quantitative analysis of sesquiterpene lactone cnicin in seven Centaurea species wild-growing in Serbia and Montenegro using 1H-NMR spectroscopy." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 72, no. 12 (2007): 1275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0712275t.

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1H-NMR spectroscopy was applied for the quantitative analysis of cnicin, a bioactive germacranolide type sesquiterpene lactone, in the aerial parts of seven wild-growing Centaurea species collected in Serbia and Montenegro. The analysis was performed by comparison of the integral of the one-proton signal of cnicin (H-13, ? 5.75) with that of the two-proton singlet ( ? 6.98) of 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol (BHT), used as the internal standard. Cnicin, within the concentration range 1.06-6.12 mg/g, calculated per weight of the fresh plant material was detected in six species, the exception being C. salonitana. This method allows the rapid and simple quantification of cnicin without any pre-purification step.

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Singh, K. N., and V. B. Pandey. "Isorhamnetin 7-glucoside from cnicus wallichi." Phytochemistry 25, no. 11 (January 1986): 2683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)84544-6.

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8

Raju R., Siddi, Sudarsana Raju G., and Rajasekhar M. "Estimation of Rainfall Runoff using SCS-CN Method with RS and GIS Techniques for Mandavi Basin in YSR Kadapa District of Andhra Pradesh, India." Hydrospatial Analysis 2, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj3.18020101.

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The study aims to estimate the surface runoff in the semi-arid crystalline rock terrain of Mandavi basin using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques. The rainfall is the only source of water in this basin drains off and little amount percolates into the ground. The study area experiences rigorous groundwater scarcity despite having high rainfall -runoff. Consequently, integrated RS and GIS techniques are used for estimation of the runoff. The weighted curve number (CN) is resolute based on AMC-II (Antecedent Moisture Condition) with the combination of HSGs (hydrologic soil groups) and LU/LC (land use and land cover) categories. The outcomes of study showed 52.292 (CNII) of normal condition, 31.506(CNI) of dry condition and 71.583 (CNIII) of wet condition. The ungauged watershed exhibits an annual average of rainfall, runoff, runoff volume and runoff coefficients for 20 years are 688.82 mm, 478.06 mm, 699.75 m3 and 0.69, respectively. The annual rainfall-runoff relationship during 1995 to 2014 is indicating the overall increase in runoff with the rainfall in the study area.

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9

Polise, Olivia, and Desi Newberry. "The Use of Cerebral Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy." Advances in Neonatal Care 23, no. 6 (December 2023): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/anc.0000000000001114.

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Background: Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (cNIRS) is a noninvasive technology used to trend cerebral perfusion at the bedside. cNIRS has potential as a valuable tool in the evaluation of infants with suspected hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Trending cerebral perfusion with cNIRS can provide information regarding cerebral metabolism as HIE is evolving, which may offer insight into the extent of brain injury. Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the use of cNIRS as a neurocritical tool in the management of neonatal HIE by evaluating its ability to detect acute neurological compromise, including acute brain injury and seizure activity, as well as its potential to identify infants at high risk for long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases to review articles investigating cNIRS technology in the acute management of HIE. Results: Eight studies were identified and included in this systematic review. Correlations were observed between cNIRS trends and neurological outcomes as later detected by MRI. cNIRS has potential as a bedside neuromonitoring tool in the management of HIE to detect infants at high risk for brain injury. Implications for Practice: Existing research supports the value of trending cNIRS in HIE management. Documented normal cNIRS values for both term and preterm infants in the first few days of life is approximately 60% to 80%. A steadily increasing cNIRS reading above an infant's baseline and a value of more than 90% should prompt further evaluation and concern for significant neurological injury.

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10

Özsayın, Erman, Serkan Üner, and Burcu Kahraman. "Late Quaternary subsidence records from the Datça graben and Cnidus ancient city (SW Turkey): sea-level changes versus tectonics." Geologica Acta 19 (June 7, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/geologicaacta2021.19.6.

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The Datça graben in southwestern Anatolia is a WNW-trending seismically active depression, with tectonic activity since Pliocene time. This tectonic activity is controlled by normal faults, which have effected ancient settlements. The Cnidus city (old and modern) –an ancient mercantile centre during the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine periods– is one of the places that has recorded this activity. The ancient harbour walls of Cnidus, lying 2.2-4.0m below sea level, contain important traces about sea-level changes and tectonics over the past 2.6kyr. Palaeostress analysis along boundary faults in the Datça graben yields an almost N–S oriented pure tensional regime, compatible with earthquake focal mechanism solutions located around the Datça Peninsula. Additionally, an almost E−W trending surface rupture related to a historical earthquake in modern Cnidus, which shows normal fault characteristics, gives further support to the ongoing extension along the Kızlan, Karaköy and Cnidus fault zones. Previous studies on late Quaternary sea-level changes around the Datça Peninsula suggest that 2.6kyr ago sea level was 1.0-1.25m lower than today. From the present-day depth of the Old Cnidus harbour remains and regional sea-level records, it can be inferred that tectonics has played a significant role. Our calculations show that the Datça graben is subsiding at rates of 0.36-0.46mm/yr in the central part and 1.05-1.15mm/yr in the southern part. These values match those found in other areas around the Datça Peninsula.

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DeMet, Edward, Kate Bell, Robert Gerner, Christopher Reist, and Aleksandra Chicz-DeMet. "Chronic imipramine increases platelet non-cyanoimipramine (CNIMI) binding but decreases cnimi specific binding." Biological Psychiatry 25, no. 7 (April 1989): A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(89)91575-8.

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Kawakami, Kazumi, and Hanako Misao. "Developing a Competency Model for Nurses Certified in Infection Control in Japan." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s514—s515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1196.

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Background: In July 2019, 2,793 nurses were registered as certified nurse in infection control (CNIC) at the Japanese Nursing Association (JNA). Most CNICs work as full-time infection preventionists (IPs) in hospitals. However, a competency model for CNICs has not been developed in Japan yet. Therefore, we developed a competency model for CNICs. Methods: We conducted a 2-phase explanatory sequential mixed-methods study between November 2013 and October 2019. The participants were 1,711 CNICs listed on the JNA website. Phase 1 was a cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaires that included 10 competency domains based on the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology Competency Assessment Tool. Considering years of experience as an IP and full-time position, participants’ career stages were novice, competent, proficient, and expert. The CNICs who answered the questionnaire were included in the interview during phase 2, which was a descriptive qualitative study. Specifically, 10–30 participants were selected from each career stage. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted, and verbatim transcripts were analyzed qualitatively. The knowledge, skills, and abilities of CNICs were extracted at each career stage. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Juntendo University (approval no. 25-27). Results: During phase 1, 1,711 CNICs were invited to participate: 975 returned the questionnaire (57% response rate) and 969 (99.3%) responses were valid and used in the analysis. Only 257 participants agreed to attend the interviews. In phase 2, interviews were conducted with 67 CNICs: 30 novice, 20 competent, 13 proficient, and 4 expert. The mean years of experience as a nurse and CNIC were 22.2 (SD, 7.0) and 5.3 (SD, 3.1), respectively. As the career stage advanced, the contents and range of infection prevention role and activities in the hospital or community expanded across competency domains. In clarification of infection process, one of the crucial competencies, the novice needed to consult reference material about the infectious disease each time due to lack of knowledge. Although the competent CNICs understood the frequent occurrence of infectious disease, they needed the specialist’s advice. However, the proficient and expert CNICs could interpret information independently, and importantly, expert CNICs could distinguish between what they know and do not know. Conclusions: Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach, we developed a competency model for CNICs that may encourage CNICs to develop their expertise and that is useful in assessing the qualities or abilities of CNICs. In the future, this model can be used to develop systematic educational programs for CNICs.Funding: This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI.Disclosures: None

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13

Mosshammer, Alden A., Stanley M. Burstein, and Agatharchides of Cnidos. "Agatharchides of Cnidos, on the Erythraean Sea." Journal of the American Oriental Society 112, no. 3 (July 1992): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/603096.

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14

Schneider, Georg, and Irene Lachner. "Beitrag zur Analytik und Wirkung von Cnicin." Planta Medica 53, no. 03 (June 1987): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-962693.

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15

Locken, Laura J., and Rick G. Kelsey. "Cnicin concentrations in Centaurea maculosa, spotted knapweed." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 15, no. 3 (May 1987): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(87)90005-6.

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16

Janackovic, P., V. Tesevic, P. D. Marin, S. Milosavljevic, Sonja Duletic-Lausevic, Slavica Janackovic, and M. Veljic. "Brine shrimp lethality bioassay of selected Centaurea L. species (Asteraceae)." Archives of Biological Sciences 60, no. 4 (2008): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0804681j.

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Ether extracts of 15 Centaurea L. species (Asteraceae) methanol extracts of 12species, and cnicin isolated from C. derventana were tested for general bioactivity using the brine shrimp lethality test. Cnicin showed the most potent activity with LC50 0.2. Also, ether extract of C. splendens showed significant activity with LC50 7.3, as did methanol extract of C. arenaria with LC50 12.4.

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Jin, Xiangyuan, Lei Yu, Masateru Uchiyama, Enzhi Yin, Tadanori Harada, Ken Otsuka, Shigefumi Matsuyama, Tomohiro Imazuru, Tomoki Shimokawa, and Masanori Niimi. "Combination of Paeoniae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma Prolonged Survival of Fully Mismatched Cardiac Allografts and Generated Regulatory Cells in Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/841408.

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In previous studies, we have demonstrated that Tokishakuyakusan (TJ-23) can prolong the survival of allogeneic cardiac grafts and induce regulatory T cells. In this study we investigated the effects of Paeoniae radix and Cnidii rhizoma, two components of TJ-23, on alloimmune responses in a murine cardiac transplantation model and whether the two agents have synergistic effect. CBA mice underwent transplantation of a C57BL/6 heart and received oral administration of 2 g/kg/day of Paeoniae radix, Cnidii rhizoma, or the mixture of two agents from the day of transplantation until 7 days afterward. Naïve CBA mice rejected C57BL/6 cardiac graft acutely (median survival time (MST): 7 days). Paeoniae radix and Cnidii rhizoma prolonged C57BL/6 allograft survival (MSTs: 13.5 and 15.5 days, resp.). However, the mixture of two agents prolonged C57BL/6 allograft survival indefinitely (MST > 100 days). Secondary CBA recipients given whole splenocytes from primary combination-treated CBA recipients with B6 cardiac allografts 30 days after grafting had prolonged survival of B6 hearts (MST: 33 days). Flow cytometry studies showed that the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory cell population was increased in combination-treated recipients. Combination of Paeoniae radix and Cnidii rhizoma induced hyporesponsiveness to fully allogeneic cardiac allografts and may generate CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory cells in our model.

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Tesevic, Vele, Ivana Aljancic, Slobodan Milosavljevic, Vlatka Vajs, Iris Djordjevic, Milka Jadranin, Nebojsa Menkovic, and Vlado Matevski. "Secondary metabolites of three endemic Centaurea L. species." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 79, no. 11 (2014): 1355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc140318048t.

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The aerial parts of three endemic Centaurea L. species, namely C. tomorosii Micevski, C. soskae Hayek and C. galicicae Micevski, afforded sesquiterpene lactone cnicin (1) and seven flavonoids: apigenin (2), isokaempferide (3), hispidulin (4), eupatorin (5), cirsimaritin (6), santaflavone (7) and salvigenin (8). The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by UV, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESI-MS spectrometry. 1H NMR spectroscopy was used as a method for quantitative analysis of sesquiterpene lactone cnicin.

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Chapman, Kristine M., Chris Doherty, Sean G. Bristol, Russell O’Connor, and Michael J. Berger. "Access to Allied Health Care Services in Canadian Interdisciplinary Complex Nerve Injury Programs." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 47, no. 6 (May 26, 2020): 830–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2020.98.

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ABSTRACT:Nerve transfer surgery for patients with nerve and spinal cord injuries can result in dramatic functional improvements. As a result, interdisciplinary complex nerve injury programs (CNIPs) have been established in many Canadian centers, providing electrodiagnostic and surgical consultations in a single encounter. We sought to determine which allied health care services are included in Canadian CNIPs, at the 3rd Annual Canadian Peripheral Nerve Symposium. Twenty CNIPs responded to a brief survey and reported access as follows: occupational therapy = 60%, physiotherapy = 40%, social work = 20%, and mental health = 10%. Access to allied health services is variable in CNIPs across Canada, possibly resulting in heterogeneity in patient care.

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Zhu, Anming, Shiming Ren, Xueqi Li, Xiaoqi Zhao, Lei Wang, Minzhen Bao, and Yamei Wang. "Study of Antifungal Activity Using Three Chinese Medicine Herbs." Forest Products Journal 71, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-21-00027.

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Abstract Chinese medicine herbal extracts are ideal candidates to replace toxic industrial wood preservatives thanks to their antifungal and nontoxic properties. To investigate the antifungal activity of Chinese herbal medicines, in this study, Trametes versicolor fungi were selected as test strains to evaluate the antifungal properties of Fructus Cnidii, Fructus Forsythiae, and Radix Stemonae. The results show that Fructus Cnidii has a strong inhibitory effect against T. versicolor, whereas Fructus Forsythiae and Radix Stemonae have a weak inhibitory effect. The hyphae growth cycle shows that the three studied Chinese herbs disrupt the growth of T. versicolor. Moreover, instead of direct killing, the Chinese herbal medicine demonstrated inhibition ability. Furthermore, the morphological and toxicological evidence shows that Fructus Cnidii affected the expression of proteins or enzymes to achieve the inhibition goal. In sum, this study could provide both primary data and a theoretical foundation for further developing and applying for traditional Chinese medicine as a green type of wood preservative.

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GUACCHIO, EMANUELE DEL, PAOLO CAPUTO, and DUILIO IAMONICO. "About the identity of Cnicus firmus (Asteraceae, Cardueae)." Phytotaxa 533, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.533.4.6.

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DEMİR, Muzaffer, and Alican DOĞAN. "Ancient Cnidus and Its Vicinity (700-400 BC)." Cedrus, no. 5 (June 30, 2017): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.13113/cedrus/201704.

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23

Peng, Ying, Yuqing Jian, Ali Zulfiqar, Bin Li, Kaiqiang Zhang, Fei Long, Caiyun Peng, Xiong Cai, Ikhlas A. Khan, and Wei Wang. "Two new sesquiterpene lactone glycosides from Cnicus benedictus." Natural Product Research 31, no. 19 (March 13, 2017): 2211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2017.1295239.

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Nam, Kyung-Soo, Byung Geun Ha, and Yun-Hee Shon. "Chemopreventive activity of Cnidii Rhizoma for breast cancer." Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 19, no. 2 (March 2014): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12257-014-0017-5.

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Horn, Gert, Astrid Kupfer, Annett Rademacher, Holger Kluge, Jutta Kalbitz, Helmut Eißner, and Birgit Dräger. "Cnicus benedictusas a potential low input oil crop." European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 117, no. 4 (November 11, 2014): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.201400158.

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Bach, Sandra M., Mario A. Fortuna, Rodgoun Attarian, Juliana T. de Trimarco, César A. N. Catalán, Yossef Av-Gay, and Horacio Bach. "Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities of the Sesquiterpene Lactones Cnicin and Onopordopicrin." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 2 (February 2011): 1934578X1100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100600202.

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The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of chloroform extracts from the weeds Centaurea tweediei and C. diffusa, and the main sesquiterpene lactones isolated from these species, onopordopicrin and cnicin, respectively, were assayed. Results show that the chloroform extracts from both Centaurea species possess antibacterial activities against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Remarkable antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was also measured. Both the extracts and the purified sesquiterpene lactones show high cytotoxicity against human-derived macrophages. Despite this cytotoxicity, C. diffusa chloroform extract and cnicin are attractive candidates for evaluation as antibiotics in topical preparations against skin-associated pathogens.

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Kurniadi, Anwar, Ratna Sitorus, Agung Waluyo, and Sabarinah Prasetyo. "The Development of Effective Clinical Teaching Model (ECTM) and The Effects to Self Efficacy of Nurse Clinical Instructors in Jakarta State Hospital." Technium BioChemMed 2, no. 4 (September 27, 2021): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/biochemmed.v2i4.4810.

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Self-efficacy of clinical nurse instructors (CNI’s) could improve the socialization of nursing professionals of nursing students, whereas, on the fact that their self-efficacy was still low. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of an effective clinical teaching model on knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of CNI’s. The second step used a pre-post test with control group design, to know the effects of an effective clinical teaching module (ECTM) by training toward knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy. The sampling method used consecutive sampling that included 74 CNI’s (37 intervention and 37 control). The research result showed that ECTM training: 1) could improve significantly (P-value 0,00), the variable knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy; 2) knowledge variable most affected (77%). The conclusion was the ECTM training significantly improved knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of CNI’S, and knowledge was the most affected variable.

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Mukherjee, Sandeep, and Urmila Mukherjee. "A Comprehensive Review of Immunosuppression Used for Liver Transplantation." Journal of Transplantation 2009 (2009): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/701464.

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Since liver transplantation was approved for the treatment of end stage liver disease, calcineurin inhibitors (CNI's) have played a critical role in the preservation of allograft function. Unfortunately, these medications cause a variety of Side effects such as diabetes, hypertension and nephrotoxicity which in turn result in significant morbidity and reduced quality of life. A variety of newer immunosuppressants have been evaluated over the last decade in an attempt to either substitute for CNI's or use with reduced dose CNI's while still preserving allograft function However, current data does not recommend complete cessation of CNI's due to unacceptably high rates of allograft rejection. As these medications have their own unique adverse effects, a careful assessment on their risks and benefits is essential, particularly when additive or synergistic effects with CNI's may occur. Furthermore, the impact of these newer medications on the risk of hepatitis C recurrence and progression remains to be elucidated. Controlled trials are urgently required to assist transplant physicians with choosing the optimum immunosuppressive regimen for their patients. This review will discuss commonly used immunosuppressants prescribed in liver transplantation, emerging therapties and where appropriate, the impact of these medications on the recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation.

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Saqib, Fatima, Sakeena Hassan, Imran Imran, Ambreen Aleem, and Khalid Hussain Janbaz. "Pharmacological effects of Cnicus arvensis on the gastrointestinal system." Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology 13, no. 1 (January 20, 2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v13i1.32905.

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<p class="Abstract">The current study was conducted to screen the possible pharmacological activity of Cnicus arvensis on the gastrointestinal system. The methanolic extract exerted concentration-dependent (0.01–3.0 mg/mL) spasmolytic effect using isolated tissue preparations of rabbit jejunum and caused relaxation of K<sup>+</sup>(80 mM)-induced spastic contractions. There was non-parallel shift in Ca<sup>++ </sup>concentration response curves towards right at tissue bath concentrations of 0.3 and 1.0 mg/mL. The solvent-solvents fractionation revealed domination of spasmolytic effects in petroleum ether fraction as compared to aqueous fraction. The methanolic extract also found to reduce the retching in chicks at 150 mg/kg as compared to chlorpromazine. The methanolic crude extract also found to reduce the number of wet spots using castor oil-induced diarrhea in rat as compare to loperamide. Our results reflected the presence of Ca<sup>++</sup> channel blocking activity in methanolic extract, thus rationalizing the medicinal use of C. arvensis in diarrhea and vomiting.</p>

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Shashlova, Tatyana Yu. "SOURCE STUDY REMARKS ON ONE CTESIAS OF CNIDUS’ MESSAGE." Journal of historical philological and cultural studies 1, no. 55 (March 31, 2017): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18503/1992-0431-2017-1-55-50-57.

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Rodrguez Rodrguez, J., and F. lvarez de Linera. "Indicaciones de las diferentes t?cnicas de biopsia pulmonar." Medicine - Programa de Formaci?n M?dica Continuada Acreditado 9, no. 64 (October 2006): 4174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0211-3449(06)74401-0.

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Yu, Seung-Ho, Xiaohui Guo, Daishun Ling, Dong Young Chung, Aihua Jin, Mohammadreza Shokouhimehr, Taeghwan Hyeon, and Yung-Eun Sung. "Facile synthesis of nanostructured carbon nanotube/iron oxide hybrids for lithium-ion battery anodes." RSC Adv. 4, no. 70 (2014): 37365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra05945j.

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Das, Goutam Kumar. "Goolge Earth Engine-based Rainfall-Runoff Modelling for Hydrological Assessment in Rasulpur River Basin." Knowledge-Based Engineering and Sciences 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51526/kbes.2024.5.1.81-97.

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The hydrological assessment of surface rainfall-runoff is crucial for effective water resource management and flood risk mitigation. Using the SCS-CN method, this study combined remote sensing GIS, and Google Earth Engine (GEE) methods to give an occupied hydrological assessment. GEE facilitated the processing of large-scale environmental data and facilitated large details of run-off properties, land used dynamics, and rainfall patterns. Following the study, there was an overall rise in runoff with rainfall for the years 2019 to 2022. For watersheds I, II, and III, the AMC results were 71.220, 74.990, and 33.330 for normal condition (CNII), dry condition (CNI), 50.965, 55.739, 17.353, and wet condition (CNIII), 85.056, 87.336, and 53.485, respectively. From 2019 to 2021, the average annual rainfall, volume of run-off, and run-off co-efficient are 10040.371 mm, 7728.371 mm3, and 0.764 mm respectively. The annual rainfall-run-off ratio is significantly increased in the years 2019 and 2021, but in 2022, are decreased. There is a strong relationship between total rainfall and run-off in the contain, with a correlation coefficient (r) value is 0.99. The Rasulpur River basin's hydrological behaviour was able to be accurately and recently assessed thanks to the use of high-resolution, real-time satellite data and it is a valuable tool for informed decision-making and the development of sustainable water resource management strategies.

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Islam, M. Nurul, Hye Hyun Yoo, Chung-Ki Sung, Mi-Sook Dong, Young In Park, Changbae Jin, and Dong-Hyun Kim. "Simultaneous Determination of Phenolic Acids and Phthalide Compounds by Liquid Chromatography for Quality Assessment of Rhizoma Cnidii." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 92, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/92.2.375.

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Abstract This paper describes a simple, rapid, and validated reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method developed for the determination of 4 major bioactive constituents, namely, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, senkyunolide A, and Z-ligustilide in Rhizoma Cnidii extract. A Capcell Pak C18 chromatographic column (150 4.6 mm, 3 m) was used with mobile phases consisting of 0.1 formic acid, acetonitrile, and methanol at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and UV detection at 285 nm. Comprehensive validation of the method included evaluation of linearity, repeatability, recovery, and stability. Excellent linear behavior (r2 >0.99) was observed over the concentration range of 2100 g/mL for the compounds under investigation. Repeatability and accuracy were evaluated by intra- and interday assays; the relative standard deviation (RSD) values were 5.37 and accuracies ranged from 97.1 to 104.9. Recoveries of the compounds ranged from 94.2 to 104.2 with RSD values of 9.50. The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of ethanolic extracts of Rhizoma Cnidii samples. As a result, the concentrations of chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, and senkyunolide A were determined to be 0.845.35, 0.451.65, 0.744.39, and 0.321.14 mg/g herb, respectively. Thus, the developed method was found to be accurate and reproducible and is considered suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Rhizoma Cnidii for bioactive compounds.

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Machicoane, Mickaël, Paul Onillon, Marco Stazi, Marika Tonellato, Cécile Cros, Marco Pirazzini, Ornella Rossetto, and Jean-Marc Le Doussal. "Botulinum Toxin Type A Duration Enhancement by Mu-Conotoxin CnIIIC." Toxicon 214 (July 2022): S38—S39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.11.085.

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Bermejo, Javier, Fernando Alfonso, and Xavier Bosch. "Técnicas de imagen en la medicina cardiovascular moderna." Revista Espa de Cardiologia 56, no. 02 (February 2003): 193–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1157/13043226.

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Barrero, Alejandro F., J. Enrique Oltra, Víctor Morales, Míriam Álvarez, and Ignacio Rodríguez-García. "Biomimetic Cyclization of Cnicin to Malacitanolide, a Cytotoxic Eudesmanolide fromCentaureamalacitana." Journal of Natural Products 60, no. 10 (October 1997): 1034–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np970040p.

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Bruno, Maurizio, Sergio Rosselli, Antonella Maggio, Rosa Angela Raccuglia, Francesco Napolitano, and Felice Senatore. "Antibacterial Evaluation of Cnicin and Some Natural and Semisynthetic Analogues." Planta Medica 69, no. 3 (March 2003): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-38491.

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Monsalve, Leandro N., Sergio Rosselli, Maurizio Bruno, and Alicia Baldessari. "Lipase-catalysed preparation of acyl derivatives of the germacranolide cnicin." Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic 57, no. 1-4 (May 2009): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.06.019.

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Tamura, Satoru, Toshiaki Fujitani, Masafumi Kaneko, and Nobutoshi Murakami. "Prenylcoumarin with Rev-export inhibitory activity from Cnidii Monnieris Fructus." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 20, no. 12 (June 2010): 3717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.081.

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Chen, Xi, Chan Zhu, Yingge Zhang, Niuniu Yang, Hao Shi, Weiwei Yang, Yan Yang, et al. "Antipruritic Effect of Ethyl Acetate Extract from Fructus cnidii in Mice with 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene-Induced Atopic Dermatitis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (May 7, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6981386.

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus and skin lesions. The exact cause of AD is not yet known and the available therapeutic strategies for AD are limited. Fructus cnidii is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine as an herb for treating chronic itch. However, the mechanism underlying the antipruritic effects of Fructus cnidii is not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the antipruritic effect of locally administered ethyl acetate extract from Fructus cnidii (EAEFC) to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene- (DNFB-) induced AD in a mouse model. The scratching behavior, skin thickness, dermatitis score, weight, blood immunoglobulin E (IgE) level, and itch-related cytokine levels were subsequently monitored and evaluated. Results showed that EAEFC treatment attenuated the DNFB-induced AD-like symptoms by alleviating the skin lesions and decreasing the dermatitis score. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and toluidine blue (TB) staining analyses demonstrated that EAEFC mitigated the DNFB-induced increase in skin thickness and prevented the infiltration of mast cells. Behavioral tests showed that EAEFC decreased the DNFB-induced acute and chronic scratching behaviors. Furthermore, EAEFC reduced the levels of itch-related cytokines, such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin- (IL-) 17, IL-33, and IL-31, and the DNFB-induced boost in serum IgE. Collectively, these results suggest that EAEFC is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of chronic itch in AD.

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Matei, Petronela Lina, Cristina Busuioc, Niculina Ionescu, Anicuta Stoica-Guzun, and Nicoleta-Aurelia Chira. "Cnicus benedictus Oil as a Raw Material for Biodiesel: Extraction Optimization and Biodiesel Yield." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (November 29, 2021): 13193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313193.

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Cnicus benedictus fruits were used as raw material to extract oil, and the resulting oil was converted into biodiesel. Two extraction methods were tested: batch extraction, and ultrasound assisted extraction. Response surface methodology was considered for the optimization of the process efficiency. The selected key independent variables were temperature, extraction time, and solid/liquid ratio for batch extraction and ultrasound intensity, temperature, and extraction time for the ultrasound assisted extraction, respectively. The optimal working conditions are different for the two extraction techniques, with respect to temperature, solid/liquid ratio, and extraction time, respectively, leading to higher extraction efficiency in the case of the ultrasound-assisted extraction. Cnicus benedictus oil obtained under the optimal extraction conditions was further esterified with methanol under acid catalysis to yield biodiesel. The biodiesel was characterized through 1H-NMR and the main fuel properties were determined.

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Yu, Chien-Chih, Yi-Ting Chiang, and Thau-Ming Cham. "Identification of the Constituents in Cnidii Fructus Active Against Trichomonas vaginalis Parasites." Dose-Response 20, no. 4 (October 2022): 155932582211316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15593258221131646.

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Ethanol extracts of Cnidii Fructus, the dried fruits of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, have been externally applied in the treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis. However, the precise identity of the major constituents responsible for activity against T. vaginalis is unknown, but there is probability they are coumarin derivatives. In this study, the anti- Trichomonas activity of 4 major coumarin derivative constituents of Cnidii Fructus, namely, osthole, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin, and bergapten, was characterized in terms of the resulting kinetics of growth and morphology of T. vaginalis upon treatment. The results demonstrated that osthole and xanthotoxol had significant trichomonacidal ability, while isopimpinellin and bergapten displayed low or no inhibitory efficacy toward T. vaginalis parasites. Our study suggests that the coumarin derivatives osthole and xanthotoxol can be potentially used as a basis for the development and design of new drugs for application in alternative or synergistic therapy against T. vaginalis.

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Alhadrami, Hani A., Ahmed M. Sayed, Hossam M. Hassan, Khayrya A. Youssif, Yasser Gaber, Yassmin Moatasim, Omnia Kutkat, et al. "Cnicin as an Anti-SARS-CoV-2: An Integrated In Silico and In Vitro Approach for the Rapid Identification of Potential COVID-19 Therapeutics." Antibiotics 10, no. 5 (May 7, 2021): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10050542.

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Since the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2019, it has remained a significant global threat, especially with the newly evolved variants. Despite the presence of different COVID-19 vaccines, the discovery of proper antiviral therapeutics is an urgent necessity. Nature is considered as a historical trove for drug discovery, especially in global crises. During our efforts to discover potential anti-SARS CoV-2 natural therapeutics, screening our in-house natural products and plant crude extracts library led to the identification of C. benedictus extract as a promising candidate. To find out the main chemical constituents responsible for the extract’s antiviral activity, we utilized recently reported SARS CoV-2 structural information in comprehensive in silico investigations (e.g., ensemble docking and physics-based molecular modeling). As a result, we constructed protein–protein and protein–compound interaction networks that suggest cnicin as the most promising anti-SARS CoV-2 hit that might inhibit viral multi-targets. The subsequent in vitro validation confirmed that cnicin could impede the viral replication of SARS CoV-2 in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 1.18 µg/mL. Furthermore, drug-like property calculations strongly recommended cnicin for further in vivo and clinical experiments. The present investigation highlighted natural products as crucial and readily available sources for developing antiviral therapeutics. Additionally, it revealed the key contributions of bioinformatics and computer-aided modeling tools in accelerating the discovery rate of potential therapeutics, particularly in emergency times like the current COVID-19 pandemic.

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Nies, Craig, Scott Harris, and Stanley Cygan. "A Comparison of Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor Technologies for High Temperature Applications." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2010, HITEC (January 1, 2010): 000244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/hitec-cnies-wp11.

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Multilayer ceramic capacitors remain an important component in high temperature circuitry due to the general robustness of ceramics at application temperatures greater than 200°C. However, standard MLCC dielectric compositions either exhibit very low dielectric constants at high temperatures or show excessive capacitance loss with increasing temperature in this regime. Many also see a significant degradation in insulation resistance, leading to very low RC products for the materials. Stability of properties with dielectric field is also a critical factor in many applications, both for improved energy storage and capacitance per unit volume. In recent years, a new class of weakly-coupled relaxor ceramic compositions has emerged which offer significant benefits in dielectric constant and capacitance stability at high temperatures. Tailoring of these compositions can offer increased capacitance stability over wide temperature regimes, or maximized capacitance in the high temperature (>200°C) realm. In this discussion, a comparison is made between MLCCs constructed of a standard commercial dielectric material and one of these new compositions. Emphasis on performance at high temperature and the outlook for expansion of this class is given.

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Ahmadimoghaddam, Davoud, Reihaneh Sadeghian, Akram Ranjbar, Zohreh Izadidastenaei, and Saeed Mohammadi. "Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation." Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 5 (2020): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-5362.297849.

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Matsuda, Hideaki, Yasuko Ido, Atsushi Hirata, Yoshiaki Ino, Shunsuke Naruto, Tsutomu Amamiya, and Michinori Kubo. "Antipruritic Effect of Cnidii Monnieri Fructus (Fruits of Cnidium monnieri Cusson)." Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 25, no. 2 (2002): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.25.260.

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Tofts, R. "Cirsium eriophorum (L.) Scop. ( Carduus eriophorus L.; Cnicus eriophorus (L.) Roth)." Journal of Ecology 87, no. 3 (June 1999): 529–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.1999.00369.x.

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Ghiasy-Oskoee, M., H. Hatterman-Valenti, M. AghaAlikhani, D. Sarkar, K. Shetty, A. Christopher, and A. Espe. "Human gut health relevant antibacterial activity of blessed thistle (Cnicus benedictus)." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1287 (August 2020): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2020.1287.9.

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Jang, A.-Ryoeng, Jin-Ho Lee, Tae-Hyun Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Hyung-Wook Choi, Myung Jung, Yong-Gab Yun, and Kyu-Sang Lim. "A prescription study in 『Dongeuibogam』 for the Applications of Cnidii Rhizoma." Herbal Formula Science 22, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14374/hfs.2014.22.1.013.

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