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1
Strologas, John. "Experimental results from CMS." EPJ Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 00005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201819200005.
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We present some of the latest results of the CMS experiment, covering analyses in QCD multijet, top, bottom, Higgs, forward/small-x QCD, heavyion, exotic, and supersymmetry physics utilizing LHC integrated luminosity up to ~80 fb-1.
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Fabbricatore, P., S. Farinon, F. P. Juster, R. Musenich, and C. Priano. "Experimental study of CMS conductor stability." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 10, no. 1 (March 2000): 424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.828263.
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Capoccia, Raffaele, Assim Boukhayma, and Christian Enz. "Experimental Verification of the Impact of Analog CMS on CIS Readout Noise." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 67, no. 3 (March 2020): 774–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2019.2951663.
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Wu, Yaohui, Wen Liu, Yonghong Wang, Xinjiang Hu, Zhengping He, Xiaoyong Chen, and Yunlin Zhao. "Enhanced Removal of Antibiotic in Wastewater Using Liquid Nitrogen-Treated Carbon Material: Material Properties and Removal Mechanisms." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 2652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122652.
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Antibiotic residues in the aquatic environment have become a global problem posing a serious threat to the environment and an inherent health risk to human beings. In this study, experiments were carried to investigate the use of carbon material modified by liquid nitrogen treatment (CM1) and carbon material unmodified by liquid nitrogen treatment (CM2) as adsorbents for the removal of the antibiotic ampicillin from aqueous solutions. The properties of the CMs (CM1 and CM2) and the effects of variations of the key operating parameters on the removal process were examined, and kinetic, isothermal and thermodynamic experimental data were studied. The results showed that CM1 had larger specific surface area and pore size than CM2. The ampicillin adsorption was more effective on CM1 than that on CM2, and the maximum adsorption capacity of ampicillin onto CM1 and CM2 was 206.002 and 178.423 mg/g, respectively. The kinetic data revealed that the pesudo-second order model was more suitable for the fitting of the experimental kinetic data and the isothermal data indicated that the Langmuir model was successfully correlated with the data. The adsorption of ampicillin was a spontaneous reaction dominated by thermodynamics. In synthetic wastewater, CM1 and CM2 showed different removal rates for ampicillin: 92.31% and 86.56%, respectively. For an adsorption-based approach, carbon material obtained by the liquid nitrogen treatment method has a stronger adsorption capacity, faster adsorption, and was non-toxic, therefore, it could be a promising adsorbent, with promising prospects in environmental pollution remediation applications.
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Alghamdi, Adel, Mansour Almuqbil, Mohammad A. Alrofaidi, Abdulhadi S. Burzangi, Ali A. Alshamrani, Abdullah R. Alzahrani, Mehnaz Kamal, et al. "Potential Antioxidant Activity of Apigenin in the Obviating Stress-Mediated Depressive Symptoms of Experimental Mice." Molecules 27, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 9055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27249055.
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This study aimed to examine the antidepressant properties of apigenin in an experimental mouse model of chronic mild stress (CMS). Three weeks following CMS, albino mice of either sex were tested for their antidepressant effects using the tail suspension test (TST) and the sucrose preference test. The percentage preference for sucrose solution and the amount of time spent immobile in the TST were calculated. The brain malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, catalase activity, and reduced glutathione levels were checked to determine the antioxidant potential of treatments. When compared to the control, animals treated with apigenin during the CMS periods showed significantly shorter TST immobility times. Apigenin administration raised the percentage preference for sucrose solution in a dose-dependent manner, which put it on par with the widely used antidepressant imipramine. Animals treated with apigenin displayed a significantly (p ˂ 0.05) greater spontaneous locomotor count (281) when compared to the vehicle-treated group (245). Apigenin was also highly effective in significantly (p ˂ 0.01) lowering plasma corticosterone levels (17 vs. 28 µg/mL) and nitrite (19 vs. 33 µg/mL) produced by CMS in comparison to the control group. During CMS, a high dose (50 mg/kg) of apigenin was given, which greatly increased the reduced glutathione level while significantly decreasing the brain’s MDA and catalase activity when compared to the control group. As a result, we infer that high doses of apigenin may have potential antidepressant effects in animal models via various mechanisms.
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González Hernández, Emma, Juan Carlos Arteaga, Arturo Fernández Tellez, and Mario Rodríguez-Cahuantzi. "Cosmic-Ray Studies with Experimental Apparatus at LHC." Symmetry 12, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12101694.
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The study of cosmic rays with underground accelerator experiments started with the LEP detectors at CERN. ALEPH, DELPHI and L3 studied some properties of atmospheric muons such as their multiplicity and momentum. In recent years, an extension and improvement of such studies has been carried out by ALICE and CMS experiments. Along with the LHC high luminosity program some experimental setups have been proposed to increase the potential discovery of LHC. An example is the MAssive Timing Hodoscope for Ultra-Stable neutraL pArticles detector (MATHUSLA) designed for searching of Ultra Stable Neutral Particles, predicted by extensions of the Standard Model such as supersymmetric models, which is planned to be a surface detector placed 100 meters above ATLAS or CMS experiments. Hence, MATHUSLA can be suitable as a cosmic ray detector. In this manuscript the main results regarding cosmic ray studies with LHC experimental underground apparatus are summarized. The potential of future MATHUSLA proposal is also discussed.
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Desi Anugra Safitri, Willy Bayuardi Suwarno, Ayub Darmanto, and Hajrial Aswidinnoor. "Agronomic traits of rice hybrids (Oryza sativa L.) derived from new plant type and male sterile parents." Indonesian Journal of Agronomy 51, no. 2 (August 9, 2023): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/ija.v51i2.45759.
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Hybrid rice is derived from a cross between the cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) as the female parent and the restorer line as the male parent. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of several new plant type (NPT) rice lines as restorers of the CMS female parent and to elucidate the performance of the hybrid combinations. The research was carried out from December 2019 to November 2020 at Babakan Sawah Baru Experimental Station, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. The hybrids were evaluated in the field together with the CMS female parent, male parents, and two check varieties, namely Ciherang and hybrid P05 Prima Seed. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications. The results showed that two male parental lines, IPB189-F-10-3-2 (T6) and IPB189-14-1-1 (T9), had a hybrid seed yield per hill of 66.04 g and 75.27 g, respectively. These two parents have the restorer gene (R) which is substantiated by the good characteristics of the number of filled grains and total grain per panicle of the two hybrids. The potential hybrids CMS x IPB189-F-10-3-2 and CMS x IPB189-14-1-1 had a positive heterosis for panicle length and 1,000 grain weight, and could be evaluated in future research.
Keywords: CMS; heterosis; heterobeltiosis; rice hybrid
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Mejía, Elizabeth Henao, Héctor Contreras, Ezequiel Delgado, and Germán Quintana. "Effect of Experimental Parameters on the Formation of Hydrogels by Polyelectrolyte Complexation of Carboxymethylcellulose, Carboxymethyl Starch, and Alginic Acid with Chitosan." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019 (March 7, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3085691.
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Differences in morphology, pH, and electric charge of chitosan (CS) based hydrogels prepared by complexation with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), carboxymethylated starch (CMS), and alginic acid (AA) at different polymers ratios and changing the order of addition were studied. CMC/CS and AA/CS hydrogels were amorphous and porous three-dimensional networks, with smaller pores at higher anionic polymer/CS ratios. Gelation time increased the agglomeration in the case of CMC/CS and CMS/CS gels. CMC/CS gels showed negative zeta potential values around −372 mV to −51 mV and CMS/CS gels in the range of −526 mV and −158 mV.
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Munhoz, Alexandre Dias, Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo, Antonio Carlos Alessi, Carlos Wilson Gomes Lopes, and Rosangela Zacarias Machado. "Assessment of experimental infection for dogs usingGallus gallus chorioallantoic membranes inoculated withNeospora caninum." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 22, no. 4 (December 2013): 565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000400018.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate parasitism kinetics and tissue lesions in the first week of infection by Neospora caninum in dogs fed Gallus gallus chorioallantoic membranes (CMs) previously infected in ovo. Five two-month-old pups were used. Each dog was given five CMs that were previously infected with N. caninum via the oral route. Four animals were euthanized in the first week of infection. All four dogs had their stools examined one week prior to and up to the day they were euthanized. The stools of the uneuthanized dog were collected for 30 days. After euthanasia, organ sections were utilized for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, indirect immunofluorescent tissue reactions, PCR and real-time PCR to detect parasites. Necropsy revealed that the small and large intestines, spleen, and lungs were affected. No oocysts orN. caninum DNA were identified in the stool samples. Real-time PCR was the most sensitive technique used to detect the protozoa in tissues, which were identified in 41% of the analyzed samples. Our results indicate that an experimental model using previously infected CMs appears to be a useful model for the study of the host-parasite relationship during the infection's acute phase.
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Beni, Noemi. "S4CMS: A combined monitoring of sensors in CMS experimental site." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 215, no. 1 (June 2011): 359–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2011.04.053.
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Shigeta, Iduru, Shuta Oku, Takahide Kubota, Shojiro Kimura, Takeshi Seki, Bunju Shinozaki, Satoshi Awaji, Koki Takanashi, and Masahiko Hiroi. "Superconducting fluctuation effect on epitaxially layered films of superconductor NbN and half-metallic Heusler alloy Co2MnSi." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 025116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000584.
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Superconducting properties were investigated in epitaxially layered films consisting of superconductor NbN and half-metallic Heusler alloy Co2MnSi (CMS). Temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity ρ( T) was measured by applying perpendicular magnetic fields to the surface of NbN/CMS films. With the increase of the CMS thickness dCMS, the upper critical field μ0 Hc2 decreased monotonically, but the superconducting transition temperature Tc had the minimum of 10.1 K at dCMS ≈ 5 nm. The Tc behavior was in qualitative agreement with the theory of the π-coupling. The pair-breaking parameter δ determined by the superconducting fluctuation theory took the maximum at dCMS = 3 ∼ 5 nm, which would be related to the minimum of Tc. The experimental results reveal that the superconductivity of the NbN layer in NbN/CMS films is affected by the interplay between the superconducting NbN layer and the half-metallic CMS layer.
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Iranidokht, Vahid, Anestis Kalfas, Reza Abhari, Shigeki Senoo, and Kazuhiro Momma. "Sensitivity analysis on the impact of geometrical and operational variations on turbine hub cavity modes and practical methods to control them." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 5 (April 19, 2021): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/jgpps/133736.
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This paper presents an experimental investigation on the impact of different design and operational variations on the instabilities induced at the hub cavity outlet of a turbine. The experiments were conducted at the “LISA” test facility at ETH Zurich. The axial gap at the 2nd stage hub cavity exit was varied, and also three different flow deflectors were implemented at the cavity exit to control the cavity modes (CMs). Furthermore, the turbine pressure ratio was altered to mimic the off-design condition and study the sensitivity of the CMs to this parameter. Measurements were performed using pneumatic, and Fast Response Aerodynamic Probes (FRAP) at stator and rotor exit. In addition, unsteady pressure transducers were installed at the cavity exit wall to measure the characteristic parameters of the CMs. For the small axial gap, distinct and strong CMs were generated, which actively interacted with stator and rotor hub flow structures. Increasing the gap damped the fluctuations; however, a broader range of frequencies was amplified. The flow deflectors successfully suppressed the CMs by manipulating the shear layer velocity profile and blocking the growing instabilities. Eventually, the increase in the turbine pressure ratio strengthened the CMs and vice versa.
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Chen, Liying. "The Application of Computer Management System in Physical Education Teaching." E3S Web of Conferences 275 (2021): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127503016.
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School physical education(PE) is an indispensable part of school education, which plays an important and irreplaceable role in training builders of socialist cause with all-round development of morality, intelligence and sports. Sports network teaching management greatly improves the efficiency and efficiency of school sports teaching, which is a great change of the traditional mode., it provides a solid foundation for the establishment of Sports Network Teaching in Colleges and universities(CAU). This paper mainly studies the application of computer management system(CMS) in physical education teaching(PET). This paper studies and analyzes the method of university teaching computer management resources integration, studies the architecture of sports teaching CMS from four aspects of computing resources, storage resources, backup resources and network system, and uses ant colony algorithm to design and use sports teaching CMS. This paper also uses charts to analyze students’ attitude towards the use of CMS in PET, and the proportion of CMS in PET. The experimental results show that in the CMS of PET, the computing resources account for 38.33%, the storage resources account for 31.76%, the backup resources account for 14.62%, and the network system account for 15.29%.
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Tokuyama, Takeshi, Razan Elfadil Ahmed, Nawin Chanthra, Tatsuya Anzai, and Hideki Uosaki. "Disease Modeling of Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy Using Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells." Biology 10, no. 10 (September 29, 2021): 981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10100981.
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Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy (MCM) is characterized as an oxidative phosphorylation disorder of the heart. More than 100 genetic variants in nuclear or mitochondrial DNA have been associated with MCM. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms linking genetic variants to MCM are not fully understood due to the lack of appropriate cellular and animal models. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) provide an attractive experimental platform for modeling cardiovascular diseases and predicting drug efficacy to such diseases. Here we introduce the pathological and therapeutic studies of MCM using iPSC-CMs and discuss the questions and latest strategies for research using iPSC-CMs.
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Samalan, A. "Improved Resistive Plate Chambers for the upgrade of the CMS muon detector." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2374, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012006.
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Several upgrades of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment are currently being implemented to ensure a highly performing muon system during the upcoming High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider which will have an increased integrated luminosity of 3000 fb−1. The expected experimental conditions in that period present a challenge for the entire CMS detection system. To extend the RPC coverage, an improved version of the already existing RPCs will be installed in the forward region of the 3rd and 4th endcap disks. The current overall status of this CMS RPC upgrade project is presented.
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Nasir, Rizwan, Hilmi Mukhtar, Maizatul Shima Shaharun, and Zakaria Man. "Effect of Carbon Molecular Sieve (CMS) Concentration on Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) Performance for Carbon Dioxide Removal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 754-755 (April 2015): 869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.754-755.869.
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Different compositions of carbon molecular sieve (CMS) were incorporated in polyethersulfone (PES) matrix to fabricate mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) by solution casting method. The characterization was carried out using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis to investigate the morphology of membrane. FESEM images showed acceptable contacts between the filler particles and the polymer chains. The performance of the developed membrane is analyzed by single gas permeation measurement of high purity CO2 and CH4. Both CO2 permeance and CO2/CH4 selectivity increased with CMS loadings as compared to pure PES membrane. Experimental results showed that the highest value of CO2 permeance (66.71 GPU) and CO2/CH4 selectivity (10.94) can be achieved with 30 wt. % loading of CMS particles. This can be credited to size discrimination of CMS pores that falls between CO2 and CH4 kinetic diameters.
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Gong, Tao, and Yongbai Tang. "Preparation of multifunctional nanocomposites Fe3O4@SiO2–EDTA and its adsorption of heavy metal ions in water solution." Water Science and Technology 81, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.099.
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Abstract Novel magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (adsorbent) CMS–COOH-modified magnetic materials, CMS was prepared by surface modification of amino-functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 (-NH2-modified magnetic materials, NMS) with EDTA using water-soluble carbodiimide as the cross-linker in deionized water solution. The phase structure, infrared spectra, thermal analysis and magnetic properties of were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry and its properties for removal of heavy metal ions under varied experimental conditions were also investigated. The results revealed that CMS had good tolerance to low pH and exhibited good removal efficiency for the metal ions. The maximum adsorption capacities of CMS were found to be 0.11 mmol g−1 for Cu(II) at pH5.0 (30 °C) and 0.14 mmol g−1 for Pb(II) ions at pH2.0 (30 °C).
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Wuyt, Adeline K., Pamela A. Nono Nankam, Elvine P. Nguelefack-Mbuyo, and Télesphore B. Nguelefack. "A comprehensive cardiometabolic risk score estimation method in rodents." Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology 16, no. 1 (January 26, 2023): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v16i1.10.
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Cardiometabolic diseases are among the main leading causes of morbidity and mortality over the world. The coexistence of a bundle of metabolic risk factors in an individual has prompted Reaven to consider it as a syndrome, called “X syndrome”. The term has later evolved and the health condition is today called “cardiometabolics syndrome” (CMS). Significant progress in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the CMS has been made during the past years. Being able to adequately assess cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is crucial for proper diagnosis, prevention, and better management of CMS, as this could be helpful to slow down its progression and complications. This could also be useful in the preclinical and clinical evaluation of potential treatment strategies. Several methods have been developed to assess the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases in chronic and clinical setting. However, these methods show limitations when applying to short and experimental settings involving rodents. Therefore, this commentary aims at redefining and highlighting the main risk factors to be reconsidered in cardiometabolic syndrome definition; and proposing a comprehensive estimation method for the evaluation of the CMR in rodents. This is relevant for an appropriate utilization of the term CMS and a deep evaluation of therapeutic targets in experimental settings.
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Fritsvold, C., RT Kongtorp, T. Taksdal, I. Ørpetveit, M. Heum, and TT Poppe. "Experimental transmission of cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 87 (December 3, 2009): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02123.
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Wang, Zuolu, Jie Yang, Haiyang Li, Dong Zhen, Yuandong Xu, and Fengshou Gu. "Fault Identification of Broken Rotor Bars in Induction Motors Using an Improved Cyclic Modulation Spectral Analysis." Energies 12, no. 17 (August 26, 2019): 3279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173279.
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Induction motors (IMs) play an essential role in the field of various industrial applications. Long-time service and tough working situations make IMs become prone to a broken rotor bar (BRB) that is one of the major causes of IMs faults. Hence, the continuous condition monitoring of BRB faults demands a computationally efficient and accurate signal diagnosis technique. The advantage of high reliability and wide applicability in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis based on vibration signature analysis results in an improved cyclic modulation spectrum (CMS), which is one of the cyclic spectral analysis algorithms. CMS is proposed in this paper for the detection and identification of BRB faults in IMs at a steady-state operation based on a vibration signature analysis. The application of CMS is based on the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and the improved CMS approach is attributed to the optimization of STFT. The optimal window is selected to improve the accuracy for identifying the BRB fault types and severities. The appropriate window length and step size are optimized based on the selected window function to receive a better calculation benefit through simulation and experimental analysis. Compared to other estimators, the improved CMS method provides better fault detectability results by analyzing vertical vibration signatures of a healthy motor, and damaged motors with 1 BRB and 2 BRBs under 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% load conditions. Both synthetic and experimental investigations demonstrate the proposed methodology can significantly reduce computational costs and identify the BRB fault types and severities effectively.
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Pascoal, Leonir Luiz, Eduardo da Costa Eifert, and João Restle. "Nível de proteína bruta para bezerros de corte desmamados aos 66 dias de idade." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 29, no. 5 (October 2000): 1537–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982000000500036.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o consumo médio diário de matéria seca (CMS), CMS por 100 kg de peso vivo (CMSP), CMS por unidade de peso metabólico (CMSM), a conversão alimentar (CA) e o ganho de peso médio diário (GMD) de bezerros de corte, alimentados com diferentes níveis de proteína bruta (PB) na dieta. Foram utilizados 47 bezerros inteiros, da raça Braford, desmamados aos 66 dias de idade com peso médio de 76,4 kg. Os animais foram alimentados à vontade com silagem de aveia e concentrado (50/50), com níveis de 13, 15, 17 e 19% de PB na dieta total. O período de adaptação ao alimento e manejo foi de 21 dias. Os animais foram pesados com jejum de sólidos de 14 horas, a intervalos regulares de 21 dias durante o período experimental de 84 dias. Verificou-se, por meio da análise de regressão linear e múltipla, que não ocorreram efeitos significativos relacionando o CMS, CMSP, CMSM, CA e GMD e o nível de PB na dieta. Observou-se que CMS, CMSP e CMSM aumentaram linearmente com o avanço do período experimental, demonstrando o aumento da capacidade de ingestão com o aumento do peso vivo. Os valores de GMD obtidos foram de 644; 701; 693 e 730 g/dia para os níveis de 13; 15; 17 e 19% de PB na dieta, respectivamente. Os ganhos de peso foram superiores àqueles normalmente atingidos ao pé da vaca em condições de campo nativo ou desmamados precocemente e mantidos em pastagem cultivada.
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Ghodekar, V. G., P. R. Sargar, S. A. Samindre, and M. K. Ghodke. "Heterosis Studies for Oil Content, Yield and Yield Contributing Characters in Hybrids of Sunflower." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 8, no. 01 (March 25, 2022): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v8i01.08.
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The prevailing investigation was undertaken with the goals to study the heterosis for oil content, seed yield and its components traits in sunflower. Six female lines were crossed with 4 male lines in order to obtain 24 F1s. The crosses and parents with checks, have been evaluated in a Randomized Block design with two replications, at experimental farm at Oilseeds research station, Latur. Data had been recorded on ten characters. An extensive range of heterosis for all the characters was determined in two hybrids viz., CMS-108A x EC-198075 and CMS-108A x EC-601957, exhibited significant negative heterosis for early flowering and days to maturity over each check LSFH-35 and LSFH-171.The hybrids viz., CMS-207A x IB-22 and CMS-207A x EC-178178 recorded excessive significant heterosis in desirable direction over each standard check LSFH-35 and LSFH-171for yield and yield components.
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Pozo, Maria R., Gantt W. Meredith, and Emilia Entcheva. "Human iPSC-Cardiomyocytes as an Experimental Model to Study Epigenetic Modifiers of Electrophysiology." Cells 11, no. 2 (January 7, 2022): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11020200.
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The epigenetic landscape and the responses to pharmacological epigenetic regulators in each human are unique. Classes of epigenetic writers and erasers, such as histone acetyltransferases, HATs, and histone deacetylases, HDACs, control DNA acetylation/deacetylation and chromatin accessibility, thus exerting transcriptional control in a tissue- and person-specific manner. Rapid development of novel pharmacological agents in clinical testing—HDAC inhibitors (HDACi)—targets these master regulators as common means of therapeutic intervention in cancer and immune diseases. The action of these epigenetic modulators is much less explored for cardiac tissue, yet all new drugs need to be tested for cardiotoxicity. To advance our understanding of chromatin regulation in the heart, and specifically how modulation of DNA acetylation state may affect functional electrophysiological responses, human-induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) technology can be leveraged as a scalable, high-throughput platform with ability to provide patient-specific insights. This review covers relevant background on the known roles of HATs and HDACs in the heart, the current state of HDACi development, applications, and any adverse cardiac events; it also summarizes relevant differential gene expression data for the adult human heart vs. hiPSC-CMs along with initial transcriptional and functional results from using this new experimental platform to yield insights on epigenetic control of the heart. We focus on the multitude of methodologies and workflows needed to quantify responses to HDACis in hiPSC-CMs. This overview can help highlight the power and the limitations of hiPSC-CMs as a scalable experimental model in capturing epigenetic responses relevant to the human heart.
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Paci, Michelangelo, Simona Casini, Milena Bellin, Jari Hyttinen, and Stefano Severi. "Large-Scale Simulation of the Phenotypical Variability Induced by Loss-of-Function Long QT Mutations in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiomyocytes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11 (November 13, 2018): 3583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113583.
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Loss-of-function long QT (LQT) mutations inducing LQT1 and LQT2 syndromes have been successfully translated to human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) used as disease-specific models. However, their in vitro investigation mainly relies on experiments using small numbers of cells. This is especially critical when working with cells as heterogeneous as hiPSC-CMs. We aim (i) to investigate in silico the ionic mechanisms underlying LQT1 and LQT2 hiPSC-CM phenotypic variability, and (ii) to enable massive in silico drug tests on mutant hiPSC-CMs. We combined (i) data of control and mutant slow and rapid delayed rectifying K+ currents, IKr and IKs respectively, (ii) a recent in silico hiPSC-CM model, and (iii) the population of models paradigm to generate control and mutant populations for LQT1 and LQT2 cardiomyocytes. Our four populations contain from 1008 to 3584 models. In line with the experimental in vitro data, mutant in silico hiPSC-CMs showed prolonged action potential (AP) duration (LQT1: +14%, LQT2: +39%) and large electrophysiological variability. Finally, the mutant populations were split into normal-like hiPSC-CMs (with action potential duration similar to control) and at risk hiPSC-CMs (with clearly prolonged action potential duration). At risk mutant hiPSC-CMs carried higher expression of L-type Ca2+, lower expression of IKr and increased sensitivity to quinidine as compared to mutant normal-like hiPSC-CMs, resulting in AP abnormalities. In conclusion, we were able to reproduce the two most common LQT syndromes with large-scale simulations, which enable investigating biophysical mechanisms difficult to assess in vitro, e.g., how variations of ion current expressions in a physiological range can impact on AP properties of mutant hiPSC-CMs.
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Vaandering, Eric. "Transitioning CMS to Rucio Data Managment." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 04033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024504033.
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Following a thorough review in 2018, the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC decided to adopt Rucio as its new data management system. Rucio is emerging as a community software project and will replace an aging CMSonly system before the start-up of LHC Run 3 in 2021. Rucio was chosen after an evaluation determined that Rucio could meet the technical and scale needs of CMS. The data management system for CMS needs to manage the current data sample of approximately 200 PB of data with 1 PB of transfers per day. The data management system must also have a development path suitable for LHC Run 4 (2026) data rates, which are expected to be 50 times larger. This contribution details the ongoing CMS adoption process as we replace our legacy system with Rucio, focusing on the challenges of integrating Rucio into an established set of experimental tools and procedures. This will include the migration of metadata, the construction of interfaces to the rest of the CMS computing tools, scale tests, operations, monitoring, and the plan to gradually turn over primary responsibility for the management of data to Rucio. A description of CMS user data management with Rucio will also be provided.
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Bergen, A., P. M. Wild, N. Djilali, and G. W. Vickers. "Fundamental aspects of centrifugal membrane separation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 215, no. 4 (November 1, 2001): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440890121500407.
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A new membrane filtration process which uses the dynamic environment created on board a centrifuge rotor to enhance the performance of the separation process is described. Centrifugal membrane separation (CMS) combines the energy savings associated with centrifugal reverse osmosis (CRO) with the natural alleviation of concentration polarization and fouling due to the dynamic environment. A research centrifuge was constructed to compare the CMS process directly with a conventional process. An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the effects of centripetal and Coriolis acceleration on membrane performance. A description of the apparatus and the experimental results for various membrane orientations are presented. Significant reduction in the fouling rate and virtual elimination of concentration polarization have been shown.
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Pradhan, Raghunath. "Results of femtoscopic correlations at CMS." EPJ Web of Conferences 276 (2023): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202327603003.
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The two particle correlations as a function of relative momenta of identified hadrons involving Ks0 and Λ/Λ¯ are measured in PbPb collisions at √SNN = 5.02 TeV with the data samples collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Such correlations are sensitive to the quantum statistics and possible final state interactions between the particles. The source radii are extracted from KS0KS0 correlations in different centrality regions and found to decrease from central to peripheral collisions. The strong interaction scattering parameters are extracted from ΛKS0KS0⊕Λ¯KS0 and ΛΛ⊕ΛΛ¯ correlations using the Lednicky-Lyuboshits model, and compared with other experimental and theoretical results. In addition, we present results for the source radii of charged hadrons considering the Levy type source distributions in PbPb collisions at √SNN = 5.02 TeV.
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Kong, Chi-Wing, Fadi Akar, and Ronald Li. "Translational potential of human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells for myocardial repair: Insights from experimental models." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 104, no. 07 (2010): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th10-03-0189.
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SummaryHeart diseases have been a major cause of death worldwide, including developed countries. Indeed, loss of non-regenerative, terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes (CMs) due to aging or diseases is irreversible. Current therapeutic regimes are palliative in nature, and in the case of end-stage heart failure, transplantation remains the last resort. However, this option is significantly hampered by a severe shortage of donor cells and organs. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can self-renew while maintaining their pluripotency to differentiate into all cell types. More recently, direct reprogramming of adult somatic cells to become pluripotent hES-like cells (a.k.a. induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs) has been achieved. The availability of hESCs and iPSCs, and their successful differentiation into genuine human heart cells have enabled researchers to gain novel insights into the early development of the human heart as well as to pursue the revolutionary paradigm of heart regeneration. Here we review our current knowledge of hESC-/iPSC-derived CMs in the context of two fundamental operating principles of CMs (i.e. electrophysiology and Ca2+-handling), the resultant limitations and potential solutions in relation to their translation into clinical (bioartificial pacemaker, myocardial repair) and other applications (e.g. as models for human heart disease and cardiotoxicity screening).
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Zhang, Bo, Shiling Yuan, Dejun Sun, Yujiang Li, and Tao Wu. "Experimental and theoretical calculation investigation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid adsorption onto core–shell carbon microspheres@layered double hydroxide composites." RSC Advances 8, no. 2 (2018): 856–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra11138j.
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Silva, Deise Maria P. da, José V. de Oliveira, José Nildo Tabosa, Reginaldo Barros, Elton O. dos Santos, and Simone S. Azevedo. "Identificação de fontes de resistência de milho à Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em campo." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 43, no. 3 (2000): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132000000300015.
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Com o objetivo de identificar fontes de resistência à Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797), foram avaliadas as cultivares de milho CMS-22, CMS-35, AG-106, Dina-70, AG-510 e CMS-36 em campo, utilizando-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Utilizaram-se as variáveis: danos foliares, obtidos através da escala visual de notas, sobrevivência, peso e comprimento das lagartas, 10 dias após a infestação artificial das plantas com lagartas de 1º ínstar. As cultivares diferiram significativamente (P=0,05) apenas com relação aos danos, destacando-se AG-510 como a mais resistente, com dano médio de 5,41 em comparação com CMS-35 e AG-106, as mais suscetíveis, com danos médios de 8,38 e 7,85 respectivamente. Foram determinadas correlações lineares significativas (p=0,01) entre os danos e peso de lagartas, danos e comprimento de lagartas e peso e comprimento de lagartas, indicando a possibilidade de utilização dessas variáveis nos estudos de resistência de milho a S. frugiperda.
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Lista, Luca. "Top quark measurements in the CMS experiment." EPJ Web of Conferences 182 (2018): 02074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818202074.
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Experimental results on top-quark physics obtained at the CMS experiment are reported based on the data recorded at centre-of-mass energy up to 13 TeV. Inclusive and differential cross sections for both top-quark pair and single top-quark production are presented, as well as measurements of top-quark properties in production and decay, and searches for anomalous couplings. The presented measurements test theoretical predictions, including recent perturbative QCD calculations, provide constraints of fundamental standard model parameters, and set limits on physics beyond the standard model.
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Wang, Hao, Baiyun Zhao, and Li Wang. "Adsorption/desorption performance of Pb2+ and Cd2+ with super adsorption capacity of PASP/CMS hydrogel." Water Science and Technology 84, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.205.
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Abstract Super-absorbent polyaspartic acid/carboxymethyl Salix psammophila powder (PASP/CMS) hydrogel was prepared by aqueous solution polymerization. PASP/CMS hydrogel was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that PASP/CMS hydrogel is prepared by graft copolymerization of the -COOH of polyaspartic acid (PASP) and the -CH2OH of CMS. The surface of the hydrogel became dense from loose porosity, and Pb2+ and Cd2+ were adsorbed onto the surface of hydrogel. The crystallinity of CMS was destroyed by the addition of PASP. The initial concentration of Pb2+ and Cd2+, pH, adsorption time and adsorption temperature on the adsorption effect were studied through experiments. Results showed that hydrogel has a good removal effect on Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions. Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models are represented in the process, which are spontaneous, exothermic and decreased in randomness, and it is a single layer chemical adsorption. At the same time, the effect of desorption experimental parameters (HNO3 initial concentration, desorption time, and desorption temperature) on the experiment was studied and optimized.
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Pastukhov, I. O., and V. V. Karpachyov. "Promising experimental hybrids of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) for CMS-system of Polima type." Oil Crops 186, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25230/2412-608x-2021-2-182-41-45.
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One of the prior directions in spring rapeseed breeding is development of heterotic hybrids. Seed growing of the most hybrids F1 used in production are often carried out by two types of cytoplasmic male sterility, they are polima and ogura. At the Lipetsk Rapeseed Research Institute, fertility restorers on sterile cytoplasm were made and estimated for the main valuable traits. The purpose of the research was to develop effective restorers, which are necessary for obtaining of highly productive hybrids on the Polima type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). The object of research was 56 varieties of Brassica napus L., which were selected in 2013. It is noted that hybrids F1 were more productive than the parental forms and the standards (the varieties Ratnik and Rif). The restorer line LHR-1 is of practical interest for the development of hybrids on the Polima CMS.
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Parkin, Don M. "Up Close: Center for Materials Science at Los Alamos National Laboratory." MRS Bulletin 12, no. 6 (September 1987): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s088376940006735x.
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Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has extensive and diverse activities and programs in materials science and engineering. The Center for Materials Science (CMS) was established to promote scientific collaboration and scientific excellence in materials research and engineering throughout the Laboratory and with individuals and institutions outside the Laboratory. The Center's objective is to enhance the Laboratory's materials science and technology contributions to the nation's defense, energy, and scientific missions.Consistent with its main objective, Laboratory resources supply the principal funding for CMS programs. Additional funding for individual scientific research programs conducted by CMS members comes directly from outside sources.To carry out its responsibilities, CMS has accepted four demanding missions:1. Build a core group of qualified and established materials scientists and solid state physicists.2. Promote and support top-quality, interdisciplinary materials research programs at Los Alamos.3. Strengthen the interactions of materials scientists at Los Alamos with the external materials science community.4. Establish and maintain modern materials research facilities in a readily accessible, central location.The core group of CMS members has a broad charter to advance materials science and technology in directions expected to have long-term impact on LANL's mission. The acting director is Don M. Parkin. In addition to the director, six members presently constitute the CMS. James L. Smith heads an experimental effort in superconductivity.
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Masnick, Max, Daniel J. Morgan, Mark D. Macek, John D. Sorkin, Jessica P. Brown, Penny Rheingans, and Anthony D. Harris. "Improving the Understanding of Publicly Reported Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) Data." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 37, no. 11 (August 30, 2016): 1349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.180.
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OBJECTIVEHospital-acquired infection (HAI) data are reported to the public on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Hospital Compare website. We previously found that public understanding of these data is poor. Our objective was to develop an improved method for presenting HAI data that could be used on the CMS website.DESIGNRandomized controlled trial comparing understanding of data presented using the current CMS presentation strategy versus a new strategy.SETTINGA 760-bed tertiary referral hospital.PARTICIPANTSA total of 61 patients were randomly selected within 24 hours of admission.INTERVENTIONParticipants were shown HAI data as presented on the CMS Hospital Compare website (control arm) or data formatted using a new method (experimental arm).RESULTSNo statistically significant demographic differences were identified between study arms. Although 47% percent of participants said a website for comparing hospitals would have been helpful, only 10% had ever used such a website. Participants viewing data using the new presentation strategy compared hospitals correctly 56% of the time, compared with 32% in the control arm (P=.0002).CONCLUSIONSUnderstanding of HAI data increased significantly with the new data presentation method compared to the method currently used on the CMS Hospital Compare website. Many participants expressed interest in a website for comparing hospitals. Improved methods for presenting CMS HAI data, such as the one assessed here, should be adopted to increase public understanding.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1–6
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Trush, S. H., O. O. Parfeniuk, and L. O. Balaniuk. "Creation and a breeding-genetic study of pollinator lines - sterility fixers and their CMS-analogues in fodder beet breeding for heterosis." Plant Breeding and Seed Production, no. 123 (June 30, 2023): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2023.283651.
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Purpose. To create pollinator lines - sterility fixers and their cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)-analogues and to study their breeding and genetic features for the development of parental components of CMS-based one-sprout fodder beet hybrids.
Materials and Methods. The study was carried out at the Tobacco Research Station of the National Scientific Center "IA NAAS" (Cherkaska Oblast, Uman) in 2013–2021. Four diploid one-sprout fodder beet populations of hybrid origin were taken as the starting material. Fodder beet lines were created by inbreeding. Analyzing crossings were carried out under paired coarse calico bags. Breeding accessions were tested in accordance with a method developed by scientists of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of NAAS.
Results and Discussion. The results indicate a fairly high frequency of pollinators - sterility fixers among the one-sprout fodder beet hybrids bred in Uman. The mean across all the initial accessions was 7.5%. One-sprout hybrids KT-7105 2хmm and KZ-1507 2хmm demonstrated the highest incidence Owen type pollinators - sterility fixers. A high level of pollen sterility was intrinsic to the CMS analogues of the O-type lines derived from the initial accessions IM-3319 2хmm and KZ-1507 2хmm (99.1% and 97.0%, respectively). The highest percentage of one-sprout seeds was recorded for the CMS analogues of the O-type lines derived from hybrid accessions KZ-1507 2хmm and KT-7105 2хmm. Fifteen best O-type lines have been selected for further breeding to obtain parental components of CMS-based experimental hybrids.
Analysis showed that the beetroot yields of the majority of the CMS fodder beet lines were lower than that of the check variety. CMS IM-3319/16, CMS IM-3319/34 and CMS IM-3319/49 were the only lines that yielded at the level of the check variety (80.9–83.6 t/ha), which is attributed primarily to their genetic origin. As to the dry matter content in beetroots, only lines CMS ST-4514/27 and CMS ST-4514/39 significantly exceeded the check variety; the values of the others were similar to that of the check variety. In terms of the dry matter output, except for CMS KT-7105/7, CMS IM-3319/34 and CMS IM-3319/49, most lines were inferior to the check variety.
Conclusions. We found that the portion of pollinators - CMS fixers in one-sprout populations of fodder beets of different genetic origins was 3.7–11.3%. Fifteen combinable O-type lines with pollen sterility fixing of 96.2–100% and percentage of one-sprout seeds of 96.4–99.3% have been created. Their CMS analogues have been obtained. The created breeding accessions are a valuable starting material for the selection of parental components and generation of highly productive CMS-based one-sprout fodder beet hybrids
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Samalan, A., M. Tytgat, G. A. Alves, F. Marujo, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, E. M. Da Costa, D. De Jesus Damiao, et al. "Upgrade of the CMS resistive plate chambers for the high luminosity LHC." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 01 (January 1, 2022): C01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/c01011.
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Abstract During the upcoming High Luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), the integrated luminosity of the accelerator will increase to 3000 fb−1. The expected experimental conditions in that period in terms of background rates, event pileup, and the probable aging of the current detectors present a challenge for all the existing experiments at the LHC, including the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment. To ensure a highly performing muon system for this period, several upgrades of the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system of the CMS are currently being implemented. These include the replacement of the readout system for the present system, and the installation of two new RPC stations with improved chamber and front-end electronics designs. The current overall status of this CMS RPC upgrade project is presented.
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Youluan Lu, Youluan Lu, Xinwei Mu Xinwei Mu, Yaopeng Liu Yaopeng Liu, Zhen Shi Zhen Shi, Yin Zheng Yin Zheng, and Wensheng Huang and Fangming Lou Wensheng Huang and Fangming Lou. "Electrochemical Sensing of Luteolin from Straw Pyrolysis Carbon Prepared by Molten Salt Carbonization." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 44, no. 6 (2022): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/001182/jcsp/44.06.2022.
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In order to well use waste biomass and realise the quantitative analysis of luteolin, the sorghum straw from the old broom was used to prepare biomass carbon material (CMS-PCSS) through the molten salt carbonization. Then the CMS-PCSS was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) Raman spectra (Raman), and N2 sorption analysis. In addition, the electrochemical performance of the CMS-PCSS based sensors was examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Under the first-rank experimental conditions, the electrochemical sensor established with this material performed well in the quantitative analysis and actual sample detection of luteolin, the detection range of luteolin was 0.05~10.0 μmol/L, and the actual achievable minimum detection limit was 0.019 μmol/L.
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Hussin, Muhamad Hasif, Nor Hazurina Othman, and Mohd Haziman Wan Ibrahim. "Carbonation of concrete containing mussel (Perna viridis) shell ash." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 17, no. 5 (August 10, 2019): 904–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-12-2018-0228.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the use of calcined mussel shell (CMS) ash–cement mix in concrete that is found to increase the concrete resistance against carbonation. Design/methodology/approach The deposited ash from the calcination of the mussel shells at 1000°C was used to replace the ordinary Portland cement at 5 and 7 per cent of the cement weight. The test results from the control concrete specimens were compared to the test results from the experimental concrete specimens to analyse the effects due to the said replacements. Carbonation was carried out naturally in the environment where the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas was at 0.03 per cent, the relative humidity of 65 per cent and the temperature of 27°C for a maximum period of 120 days. Measurement of carbonation depth was taken in accordance to the BS EN 13295: 2004. The carbonation resistance of the concrete was assessed based on the degree of compliance with the common design life requirement of 50 years. The filler effect from the CMS was verified using the capillary absorption test (ASTM C1585: 2013) and the electron microscope. Findings Experimental concrete specimens containing 5 and 7 per cent of the CMS ash demonstrated better carbonation resistance compared to the control concrete specimens with a minimum attainable design life of 56 years which can reach a maximum of 62 years. Capillary absorption test results indicated that the concrete pores have been effected by the said filler effect and visual observation from the electron microscope confirmed, solidifying the statement. Originality/value The CMS ash is proven to contribute to the concrete’s resistance against carbonation. Also, the CMS ash is synthesized from waste materials which have contributed to the application of the green material in the concrete technology.
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Chahal, Ravneet Kaur, S. K. Dhillon, S. S. Kandhola, Gurpreet Kaur, Vineeta Kaila, and Vikrant Tyagi. "Magnitude and Nature of Gene Effects Controlling Oil Content and Quality Components in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)." Helia 42, no. 70 (July 26, 2019): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helia-2018-0006.
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AbstractThe present research aimed to study gene effects for oil content and fatty acid composition in sunflower. It involved a set of 92 hybrids developed by crossing four CMS lines with 23 perfect restorers. Experiment was conducted at experimental field area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The data was recorded on oil content and quality traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the traits studied. Among the lines; CMS 42A was observed to have higher significant positive gca effects for oil content, linoleic acid & linolenic acid and higher significant negative gca effects for palmitic acid and stearic acid, whereas, for oleic acid line, CMS 40A had higher positive gca effects. Among the testers, TSG 275 had higher significant positive gca effects for linolenic acid and significant negative gca effects for stearic acid. High positive gca effects for oleic acid and oil content were observed for TSG 331. The tester OPH 91 was good combiner with high positive gca effects for oleic acid and negative gca effects for palmitic acid, whereas, tester TSG 288 exhibited highest positive gca effects for linoleic acid. The best cross combinations; CMS 40A×TSG 259, CMS 607A×TSG 271 and CMS 40A×OPH 73 showed significant specific combining ability effects for oil content and cross CMS 40A×TSG 289 had significant specific combining ability for oleic acid and linoleic acid. The cross combination CMS 40A×TSG 259 is giving a significant jump of over 12 % against the current commercial check for oil percentage and for other quality traits more than 50 % over the standard check, which is significant for undertaking improvement of hybrid for oil quality.
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ELIAS, HAROLDO TAVARES, SAMUEL PEREIRA CARVALHO, and CLAUDOMIRO GOMES MOURA ANDRÉ. "Comparação de testadores na avaliação de famílias S2 de milho." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 35, no. 6 (June 2000): 1135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2000000600009.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar testadores para discriminação e avaliação da capacidade de combinação de 64 famílias S2 de milho (Zea mays L.), provenientes do composto CMS-39. As famílias S2 foram avaliadas pelo seu desempenho per se e em cruzamento com três testadores de base genética ampla. Estes foram constituídos pelo híbrido duplo BR-201, pela própria população CMS-39 e a CMS-50. Os topcrosses e famílias S2 foram avaliados em quatro látices 8 x 8, com duas repetições, instalados em áreas contíguas no campo experimental do Departamento de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Lavras, em Lavras, MG, no ano agrícola 1996/97. Estimou-se a capacidade geral e específica de combinação, considerando-se dialelo parcial, e a heterose em relação às famílias S2 per se. Foram obtidas estimativas das correlações do desempenho médio das famílias S2 per se e dos seus híbridos com os diferentes testadores. Constatou-se que só foi possível discriminar os testadores de acordo com a capacidade de combinação e das estimativas das heteroses. A população CMS-50 destacou-se como a melhor testadora.
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Bruno, DW, and PA Noguera. "Comparative experimental transmission of cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 87 (December 3, 2009): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02129.
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Abdollahi, Zahra, Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare, Fatemeh Salimi, Iran Goudarzi, Franklin R. Tay, and Pooyan Makvandi. "Bioactive Carboxymethyl Starch-Based Hydrogels Decorated with CuO Nanoparticles: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties and Accelerated Wound Healing In Vivo." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052531.
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In this study, nanocomposite hydrogels composed of sodium carboxymethylated starch (CMS)-containing CuO nanoparticles (CMS@CuO) were synthesized and used as experimental wound healing materials. The hydrogels were fabricated by a solution-casting technique using citric acid as a crosslinking agent. They were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to evaluate their physicochemical properties. In addition, swelling, antibacterial activities, antioxidant activities, cytotoxicity, and in vivo wound healing were investigated to evaluate the wound healing potential of the CMS@CuO nanocomposite hydrogels. Growth inhibition of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, antioxidant activity, and swelling were observed in the CMS@CuO nanocomposite hydrogels containing 2 wt.% and 4 wt.% CuO nanoparticles. The hydrogel containing 2 wt.% CuO nanoparticles displayed low toxicity to human fibroblasts and exhibited good biocompatibility. Wounds created in rats and treated with the CMS@2%CuO nanocomposite hydrogel healed within 13 days, whereas wounds were still present when treated for the same time-period with CMS only. The impact of antibacterial and antioxidant activities on accelerating wound healing could be ascribed to the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the nanocomposite hydrogel. Incorporation of CuO nanoparticles in the hydrogel improved its antibacterial properties, antioxidant activity, and degree of swelling. The present nanocomposite hydrogel has the potential to be used clinically as a novel wound healing material.
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GANGULY, SANMAY, and MONORANJAN GUCHAIT. "JET CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENTS IN CMS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 28, no. 20 (August 7, 2013): 1330030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x13300305.
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The Large Hadron Collider experiment has successfully completed data taking at center-of-mass energy 7 TeV in 2011 and very recently for 8 TeV. Measurements of cross-sections predicted by the standard model were the main tasks in the beginning. The inclusive jet cross-section and dijet mass measurement are already done at 7 TeV energy by Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector with integrated luminosity 5 fb-1. In these measurement, one needs to understand and measure precisely the kinematic properties of jets which involve many theoretical and experimental issues. The goal of this paper is to discuss all these issues including jet measurements in CMS and subsequently review the inclusive jet cross-section and dijet mass measurement in CMS at 7 TeV with integrated luminosity 5 fb-1. The measurements, after unfolding the data, are also compared with the next-to-leading-order theory predictions, corrected for the nonperturbative effects, for five different sets of parton distribution functions. It is observed that the measurements, for both cases, agree with the theory prediction within ~8–10% depending on transverse momentum (pT) and dijet invariant mass (Mjj) of jets.
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Bravo, Lidia, Juan Antonio Mico, Raquel Rey-Brea, Beatriz Pérez-Nievas, Juan Carlos Leza, and Esther Berrocoso. "Depressive-like States Heighten the Aversion to Painful Stimuli in a Rat Model of Comorbid Chronic Pain and Depression." Anesthesiology 117, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 613–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3182657b3e.
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Background Chronic pain and depression are two complex states with sensory/somatic and emotional components, and they may mutually exacerbate one another in conditions of comorbidity, leading to a poorer prognosis. Methods The authors have evaluated the sensory and emotional components in a rat model combining chronic constriction injury (CCI, a model of chronic neuropathic pain) with unpredictable chronic mild stress (CMS, an experimental model of depression). In addition, the phosphorylation/activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 and neuronal density was also evaluated in the anterior cingulate cortex. Four groups were tested: sham-control, sham-CMS, CCI-control, and CCI-CMS. Results CMS selectively heightens aversion to painful experiences in animals subjected to CCI, as measured in the place escape/avoidance test at 20, 25, and 30 min (CCI-CMS (mean±SEM): 75.68±3.32, 66.75±4.70, 77.54±3.60 vs. CCI-control: 44.66±6.07, 43.17±6.92, 52.83±5.92, respectively), in conjunction with an increase in the accumulation of phosphorylation/activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (CCI-CMS: 4.17±0.52 vs. sham-control: 0.96±0.05) and a decrease in neuronal density in the anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, chronic pain did not exacerbate the characteristic profile of depression (anhedonia and behavioral despair) in rats subjected to CMS. Furthermore, depression enhances the perception of some specific modalities of sensorial pain such as cold allodynia but has no influence on mechanical threshold. Conclusions These findings support the theory that depression leads to emotional dysfunction in the interpretation of pain in patients suffering chronic pain. In addition, combined animal models of pain-depression may provide a valuable tool to study the comorbidity of pain and depression.
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Van de Sande, Dieter, Mohammadreza Ghasemi, Taylor Watters, Francis Burton, Ly Pham, Cristina Altrocchi, David J. Gallacher, Huarong Lu, and Godfrey Smith. "Does Enhanced Structural Maturity of hiPSC-Cardiomyocytes Better for the Detection of Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity?" Biomolecules 13, no. 4 (April 14, 2023): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13040676.
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Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are currently used following the Comprehensive in vitro Proarrhythmic Assay (CiPA) initiative and subsequent recommendations in the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines S7B and E14 Q&A, to detect drug-induced cardiotoxicity. Monocultures of hiPSC-CMs are immature compared to adult ventricular cardiomyocytes and might lack the native heterogeneous nature. We investigated whether hiPSC-CMs, treated to enhance structural maturity, are superior in detecting drug-induced changes in electrophysiology and contraction. This was achieved by comparing hiPSC-CMs cultured in 2D monolayers on the current standard (fibronectin matrix, FM), to monolayers on a coating known to promote structural maturity (CELLvo™ Matrix Plus, MM). Functional assessment of electrophysiology and contractility was made using a high-throughput screening approach involving the use of both voltage-sensitive fluorescent dyes for electrophysiology and video technology for contractility. Using 11 reference drugs, the response of the monolayer of hiPSC-CMs was comparable in the two experimental settings (FM and MM). The data showed no functionally relevant differences in electrophysiology between hiPSC-CMs in standard FM and MM, while contractility read-outs indicated an altered amplitude of contraction but not changes in time course. RNA profiling for cardiac proteins shows similarity of the RNA expression across the two forms of 2D culture, suggesting that cell-to-matrix adhesion differences may explain account for differences in contraction amplitude. The results support the view that hiPSC-CMs in both 2D monolayer FM and MM that promote structural maturity are equally effective in detecting drug-induced electrophysiological effects in functional safety studies.
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Rao, Vaikar Navakanth, Kuo-Chu Lai, Chin-Huang Liu, Tsann-Long Su, and Te-Chang Lee. "Abstract 1407: A dual functional activity subdues the growth of consensus molecular subtypes 1 and 4 in colorectal cancer xenografts." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1407.
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Abstract Purpose: We have synthesized a bifunctional hybrid molecule BO-2762, which is able to induce DNA damage and inhibit angiogenesis simultaneously [1] as similar to first-line chemotherapy combination (FOLFOX + Bevacizumab). Recently, colorectal cancers (CRC) were classified into four consensus molecular types (CMS) [2], CMS 1 to 4. We carried out a translational study to investigate the anti-CRC activity of BO-2762 to various CMS subtypes. Experimental Design: We performed in vitro and in vivo studies to determine the potency and selectivity of first-line combo like hybrid small molecule BO-2762 on a panel of CRC cell lines, which were classified into CMS-1 (LoVo & DLD-1), CMS-2 (LS1034 & SW116), CMS-3 (HT-29 & LS174T), CMS-4 (SW620 & CACO2) and several unclassified cell lines (HCT-116, RKO, & COLO205). Immunohistochemistry was adopted to determine the DNA damage marker (γH2AX) and blood vessel marker (CD31) in the tumor xenografts treated with BO-2762. Results: BO-2762 alone has bifunctional activity by lodging DNA crosslinking in CRC cells and inhibiting tube formation of HUVEC cells at IC50 of 0.50 to 3 μM range. Angiogenesis inhibition was possibly due to the suppression of VEGFR-2 phosphorylation in HUVEC cells and the depletion of VEGF-A in the conditioned media. As reported in previous studies [3], we did not observe non-subtype specific cytotoxicity in in vitro assay system. Intriguingly, animal models exhibited their selective suppression on xenografts of various CMS-1 subtypes, e.g., remarkable suppression in CMS-1 LoVo cells (85.8%) and CMS-4 SW620 cells (83.0%), moderate in CMS-2 LS1034 cells (75.4%), and poor in CMS-3 HT29 cells (44.8%). BO-2762 was administrated at 20 mg/kg via iv injection. Furthermore, by immunohistochemically staining of γH2AX and CD31, we found that BO-2762 was able to induce DNA damage in xenografts of all CMS subtypes but unable to suppress the angiogenesis in CMS-3 HT29 xenografts. Our preliminary results showed enriched VEGF-A and VEGFR2 in HT29 cells. Conclusion: CMS classification paves a medical platform to investigate the combination of anti-angiogenic and DNA crosslinking agents in the CRC selective treatment. BO-2762, a novel hybrid displaying anti-angiogenesis and induction of DNA damage, is functional similar to FOLFOX + Bevacizumab. CMS subtype-specific inhibition in xenografts was likely evented according to their expression levels of angiogenic signaling. Accordingly, BO-2762 has a great potential for further development as a potent and specific anti-CRC agent at least against CMS-1 and 4 subtypes. However, biomarker identification for selecting right patients warrants our further investigation. References:1) J Med Chem, 64 (2021) 12469-12486. 2) Nat Med, 21 (2015) 1350-1356. 3) Neoplasia, 22 (2020) 365-375. Citation Format: Vaikar Navakanth Rao, Kuo-Chu Lai, Chin-Huang Liu, Tsann-Long Su, Te-Chang Lee. A dual functional activity subdues the growth of consensus molecular subtypes 1 and 4 in colorectal cancer xenografts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1407.
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Khan, Ahmad Raza, Lili Geiger, Ove Wiborg, and Boldizsár Czéh. "Stress-Induced Morphological, Cellular and Molecular Changes in the Brain—Lessons Learned from the Chronic Mild Stress Model of Depression." Cells 9, no. 4 (April 21, 2020): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9041026.
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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe illness imposing an increasing social and economic burden worldwide. Numerous rodent models have been developed to investigate the pathophysiology of MDD. One of the best characterized and most widely used models is the chronic mild stress (CMS) model which was developed more than 30 years ago by Paul Willner. More than 2000 published studies used this model, mainly to assess novel compounds with potential antidepressant efficacy. Most of these studies examined the behavioral consequences of stress and concomitant drug intervention. Much fewer studies focused on the CMS-induced neurobiological changes. However, the stress-induced cellular and molecular changes are important as they may serve as potential translational biomarkers and increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of MDD. Here, we summarize current knowledge on the structural and molecular alterations in the brain that have been described using the CMS model. We discuss the latest neuroimaging and postmortem histopathological data as well as molecular changes including recent findings on microRNA levels. Different chronic stress paradigms occasionally deliver dissimilar findings, but the available experimental data provide convincing evidence that the CMS model has a high translational value. Future studies examining the neurobiological changes in the CMS model in combination with clinically effective antidepressant drug intervention will likely deliver further valuable information on the pathophysiology of MDD.
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Anisimova, I. N., and A. G. Dubovskaya. "CMS systems in rapeseed and their use in the breeding of domestic hybrids." Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding 181, no. 3 (October 13, 2020): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2020-3-171-180.
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Development of heterotic hybrids is the most efficient approach to solve the problem of increasing the yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a leading oilseed crop. The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), widely used in rapeseed hybrid seed production, makes it possible to control hybridization between female and male lines. A review of publications on the nature of CMS systems in rapeseed and their utilization in breeding is presented. In rapeseed there are more than 10 known CMS systems of alloplasmic and homoplasmic origin. The male sterility character proved to be determined by chimeric mitochondrial genes, characterized by the presence of novel transcribed open reading frames (orf). Mitochondrial CMS genes associated with nap, pol, ogu and Nsa sterility types as well as nuclear Rf genes for pollen fertility restoration were identified. Molecular marker systems for identification of CMS-inducing and male fertility restoring genes were developed. The ogu, pol, MSL and inap CMS systems are commonly used for producing industrial rapeseed hybrids. The State Register of the Russian Federation for 2019 contains rapeseed hybrids of only foreign origin. Main achievements in domestic rapeseed hybrid production are highlighted. Research and breeding institutions developed new source material for rapeseed hete rotic hybrid breeding in various regions of the country. The sterility and fertility restoration sources were received from Canadian and French institutions as well as from domestic working collections. The yield structure traits did not deteriorate after transferring hybrid maternal lines to the sterile cytoplasm, while the glucosinolate content increased when pollen fertility restoring genes were transferred into paternal lines. Dihaploid (androclinium) lines and in vitro culture of unfertilized ovules were used to accelerate the breeding process. Experimental hybrids were developed using pol and ogu CMS.
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Pánková, I., V. Krejzar, J. Čepl, and V. Kůdela. "Detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus in daughter tubers of volunteer potato plants." Plant Protection Science 43, No. 4 (January 7, 2008): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2237-pps.
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Daughter tubers of volunteer potatoes were tested for their ability to maintain <I>Clavibacter michiganensis</I> subsp. <I>sepedonicus (Cms)</I>. In different areas of the CR, volunteer potatoes were searched for in crops grown in rotation with potatoes and where one or two years before <I>Cms</i> had been detected and identified in samples of harvested seed or commercial potatoes using the test scheme in accordance to EC Directive 93/85/EEC. During May and June of 2005 and 2006, emerging or emerged plants of volunteer potatoes were collected at nine locations of Bohemia and transplanted to the experimental field in the Diagnostic Service Laboratory at Šluknov-Kunratice in Northern Bohemia. The daughter tubers of these plants were harvested and stored at 6°C for 1 month and then at 22°C for 3 months for multiplication of <I>Cms</i> cells. Samples of the daughter tubers were divided into 215 partial samples and tested for the occurrence of <I>Cms</i> at five terms which differed in length of storage time. The DAS ELISA test was used to detect <I>Cms</i> in the tuber samples. <I>Cms</i> was detected in eight of the nine potato volunteer tuber samples from different locations. The presence of <I>Cms</i> in positively tested tuber samples was confirmed using a pathogenicity test on eggplants (<I>Solanum melongena</I>). The optimal time for the detection of the pathogen in the harvested daughter tubers was between 4 and 10 weeks of storage at 22°C.