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1
Davidson, Rick, and n/a. "An examination into the ability of cooperative multiplayer computer games as a means to facilitate group cohesion." University of Canberra. Human & Biomedical Sciences, 2000. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060704.122645.
Full textAbstract:
From an organisational perspective, the potential benefits of enhancing workplace cohesion
are many, amongst which an increase in employee performance would be the most tangible
and possibly the most desirable. The primary aim of the present research was to explore
the capacity to increase levels of cohesion, and therefore facilitate team building, through
the use of cooperative multiplayer computer gaming (CMCG). Study 1, involving 26 male
and 23 female university students, required participants to play two, twenty minute, games
of the commercially available computer game QUAKE(tm) as teams of 3 or of 4, against an
equal number of computer generated artificial intelligence opposition. The interpersonal
attraction and task focus facets of Cohesion, as well as Stress and Mood State, were
measured using self-report questionnaires at both the pre- and post-test stages of the
experiment. Results supported the prediction that exposing individuals to a computer game
of a cooperative and interdependent nature would increase self-rated levels of cohesion, on
both the interpersonal attraction and task focus sub-scales. Study 2 aimed to expand upon
the findings of study 1, increasing the generalisability of the study 1 findings by surveying
existing teams engaging in CMCG via the Internet. Those surveyed were individuals who
currently played the Team Fortress module of QUAKE�, and who belonged to a Team
Fortress Clan - the CMCG equivalent of a social sporting team. Individuals playing
QUAKE(tm) via the Internet were found to be as cohesed with their team members as were
the laboratory participants after the CMCG intervention. Further, important group dynamic
factors evident in Team Fortress Clans, such as success being linked with higher levels of
cohesion, were consistent with literary considerations regarding conventional, non-CMCG
teams. Additional research exploration is required regarding the utility of CMCG,
however, the present research indicates that such an exploration is warranted and should
produce positive and practical results.
2
Horn, Darryl M. "Characterization of Two CX9C Containing Mitochondrial Proteins Necessary for Cytochrome c Oxidase Assembly." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/375.
Full textAbstract:
Copper is an essential cofactor of two mitochondrial enzymes: cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and the mitochondrial localized fraction of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod1p). Copper incorporation into these enzymes is facilitated by a growing number of metallochaperone proteins. Here we describe two novel copper chaperones of COX, Cmc1 and Cmc2. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, both Cmc1 and Cmc2 localize to the mitochondrial inner membrane facing the intermembrane space. Cmc1 and Cmc2 are essential for full expression of COX and cellular respiration, contain a twin Cx9C domain, and are conserved from yeast to humans. Additionally, the presence or absence of these proteins not only determines full assembly of functional COX but also affects metallation of Sod1 suggesting these proteins might play a role on co-modulation of copper transfer to COX and Sod1. CMC1 overexpression does not rescue the respiratory defect of cmc2 mutants or vise versa. However, Cmc2 physically interacts with Cmc1 and the absence of Cmc2 induces a 5-fold increase in Cmc1 accumulation in the mitochondrial membranes. We conclude that Cmc1 and Cmc2 have cooperative but non-overlapping functions in cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis.
3
Machado, Gilmara de Oliveira. "Preparação e caracterização de CMC e CMC graftizada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-11092001-160555/.
Full textAbstract:
Polpa celulósica, para obtenção de carboximetilcelulose (CMC), foi obtida a partir do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar através de separação do material em fração fibrosa e medula, sua pré-hidrólise, posterior polpação soda/antraquinona e etanol/água. A polpa soda/antraquinona da fração fibra foi submetida ao processo de branqueamento para obter um material rico em celulose de alta pureza. A polpa branqueada da fração fibra foi utilizada na preparação da CMC na forma de sal de sódio e lítio. Para reações de enxertia foram utilizadas amostras de CMC preparadas no laboratório e comerciais usando isocianatos comerciais e sintetizados. Tanto a CMC como a CMC enxertada foram caracterizadas através de análises térmicas (DSC, TGA), espectroscopia no infravermelho (IV), ressonância magnética nuclear de carbono 13 (RMN 13C) e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e Espectroscopia Dispersiva de Raios-X (EDX). A análise detalhada dos espectros de IV e RMN 13C indica a formação de ligações uretanas em diferentes números de onda e deslocamentos químicos dependendo da CMC e isocianato utilizado. Também observa-se uma pequena mudança na linha de base da curva de DSC indicando uma possível transição vítrea da CMC que diminui após a enxertia da CMC com isocianato. Micrografias de MEV mostraram mudanças estruturais com as reações e a análise através de (EDX) um aumento no teor de carbono e diminuição no de oxigênio com as graftizações. Medidas de condutividade demonstraram que a NaCMC graftizada com isocianato de poli(óxido de propileno) apresenta condutividade de 10-5 S/cm a 100oC, comparável com outros eletrólitos sólidos poliméricos<br>The cellulosic pulp obtained from sugar cane bagasse was used to synthesize carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), the substrate for the grafting reactions with mono and di-isocyanathes. The sugar cane bagasse was separated into fiber and non-fiber fractions that then were submitted to the pre-hydrolyses and pulping reactions (sodium hydroxide/anthraquinone and ethanol/water). After that the sodium hydroxide/anthraquinone pulp of the fiber fraction was bleached to obtain a high purity cellulosic material. This cellulose was used to obtain the sodium and lithium salts of CMC (NaCMC and LiCMC respectively). Then these samples were used for grafting reactions with commercial octadecylisocyanate and hexamethylene-diisocyanate and synthesized monoisocyanate of poly(propylene oxide). All the samples were characterized through thermal analyses (DSC/TGA), infra-red spectroscopy (IR), solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermal analysis indicate a possible glass transition of CMC at about 65oC that decreases for to about 29oC after the grafting reaction with isocyanate. The micrographs show structural changes occurred during the several reactions confirmed by thermal analysis. The detailed analysis of IR and NMR 13C spectra of grafted samples indicated the formation of urethane bonds. Conductivity measurements of NaCMC grafted with the poly(propylene oxide) isocyanate gave the value of 10-5 S/cm at 100oC that is comparable with other polymeric solid electrolytes.
4
Peixoto, Marco Fabricio Dias. "Identificação e expressão do receptor MAS no coração em diferentes condições fisiológicas e patológicas." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CMCH-7FZJKK.
Full textAbstract:
Cardiac remodelling occurs through cellular alterations in different physiological and pathological conditions which are still poorly understood. The reninangiotensin system is known to have an important role in this process. The recent identification of the Mas receptor as the principal receptor for Ang-(1-7) has attracted much attention because the Ang-(1-7) / Mas receptor axis is the principal cardioprotective and counterregulatory pathway that opposes the Ang II / receptor AT1 pathway. In recent years many studies have shown cardioprotective effects ofAng-(1-7) through Mas receptor but few studies investigated altered expression of heart Mas receptor under different pathophysiological conditions. The aim of the present work was to identify the possible alterations of Mas receptor expression in the heart of animals in three different physiological and pathological conditions: aging, physiological, and pathological hypertrophy. The experimental groups to study the effect of ageing on Mas expression were: neonatal, 21 days, 3 months,12months and 18 months. To study physiological and pathological hypertrophy, 3 month old Wistar rats were submitted to either physical training or chronic treatment with isoproterenol, and compared to untreated controls. Results demonstrated higher Mas expression in hearts of older rats, unaltered expression in hearts of trained rats with physiological cardiac hypertrophy and lower expression in rats with pathological hypertrophy after chronic treatment with isoproterenol. These results suggest an important role for Mas receptor in differentprocesses of cardiac remodelling.<br>O conjunto de alterações celulares que caracterizam o remodelamento cardíaco que ocorre em diferentes condições fisiológicas e patológicas ainda são pouco compreendidas. Entretanto, é sabido que o sistema Renina-Angiotensina temimportante papel neste processo. A recente identificação do receptor Mas como o principal receptor da Ang-(1-7) tem chamado a atenção dos pesquisadores pois o eixo Ang-(1-7) / receptor Mas é a principal via cardioprotetora e contrarregulatória ao eixo Ang II / receptor AT1. Nos últimos anos, vários estudos têm relatado osefeitos cardioprotetores da Ang-(1-7) via receptor Mas, entretanto, poucos estudos tem sido realizados para investigar as alterações da expressão do receptor Mas no coração em diferentes condições pato-fisiológicas. O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo identificar as possíveis alterações naexpressão do receptor Mas no coração de animais em diferentes condições fisiológicas e patológicas. O comportamento da expressão do receptor Mas no coração foi estudado em três modelos representativos do processo de envelhecimento, hipertrofia cardíaca fisiológica e hipertrofia cardíaca patológica.Para verificar o comportamento da expressão do receptor Mas no coração durante o processo de envelhecimento foram utilizados ratos Wistar neonatos, de 21 dias, 3 meses, 12 meses e 18 meses. Para analisar a expressão do receptor Mas no processo de hipertrofia cardíaca fisiológica e patológica foram utilizados ratosWistar de 3 meses, submetidos ao treinamento físico aeróbio e tratamento crônico com isoproterenol. Os resultados mostraram que a expressão do receptor Mas no coração aumenta com o envelhecimento, não altera na hipertrofia cardíaca fisiológica promovida pelo treinamento físico e diminui na hipertrofia cardíacapatológica desenvolvida com o tratamento crônico com isoproterenol. Estes resultados sugerem uma importante participação do receptor Mas em diferentes processos de remodelamento cardíaco pato-fisiológico.
5
Abeles, Eva das Gracas. "Efeito do estradiol sobre o acúmulo lipídico em ratas." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CMCH-7G7GDP.
Full textAbstract:
It is well established that ovarian hormones modulate the metabolism of adipose cells and present a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. This study evaluated the estradiols effects on adipose tissue metabolism of normotensive, Wistar-Kyoto (WK) and spontaneously-hypertensive rats (SHR). Twenty one days after ovariectomy (OVX) the rats received vehicle (0,1 mL oil/100 g bw) or estradiol (5g/0,1 mL/100 g bw). Following estradiol administration, a significant decrease of systolic arterial pressure in the SHR was observed. Our results show in both goups, that adipocytes isolated from estradiol treated animals were smaller than that isolated from the vehicle treated rats, and increase in the cell number was observed only in WK rats. The number of adipocytes from SHR was higher than WK, independently of treatment. Adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity increased after OVX in both groups, although in the SHR the values were 50% - 300% smaller than that observed in WK rats. Estradiol administration decreased the enzyme activity, independently of the group or treatment. The presence of insulin (2,5 ng/mL) in the incubation media, stimulated glucose uptake by periuterine and mesenteric adipocytes from WK and SHR groups. However, the effect was more evident in the estradiol treated rats. The replacement with estradiol significantly increased basal lipolysis in periuterine adipocytes from both groups. In relation to mesenteric adipocytes, the treatment with estradiol significantly increased basal lipolysis only in WK rats. The dose-response relationship for insulin inhibition of lipolysis demonstrated that mesenteric adipocytes from SHR treated with estradiol are considerably more sensitive to insulin inhibition of isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis than those from WK animals. The lipolytic activity in the SHR was higher than that of WK independent of the treatment, suggesting an increased sensitivity to isoproterenol in relation to the WK rats. It was observed that in the periuterine tissue of WK treated with estradiol, a significant increase occurred in the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR), not observed in the mesenteric tissue. In the SHR it was observed a lower expression of PPAR in relation to the WK and differences of expression of this gene due to the treatment was not observed in periuterine tissue. However, in the mesenteric tissue, the levels of PPAR mRNA were higher than that of other sites and the treatment with estradiol significantly increased the expression levels of this gene. The treatment with estradiol significantly increased the expression of PPAR in the liver, of both groups. In the SHR the treatment with estradiol increased, in a significant way, the levels of PPAR also in the heart. The results presented in the present work suggest that the estradiol deficiency can increases the cardiovascular risk, through the increase in blood pressure, as shown in SHR. The reduction of sensitivity to insulin after OVX unchained problems such as the inability of the insulin to suppress lipolysis after stimulus by catecholamines. The reduction of sensitivity for insulin was also harmful to the glucose uptake after OVX. It was evidenced that, the administration of estradiol, through the increase of PPAR and PPAR expression increased the sensitivity for insulin. Visceral adipocytes are lipolyticaly more active than other depots, and the increase in glucose uptake, important for glycerol-3-phosphate production, may contribute to decrease fatty acids secretion by increasing esterification and consequently decreasing the flux of fatty acids to liver.<br>È bem estabelecido que os hormônios ovarianos modulam o metabolismo das células adiposas e possuem um efeito protetor contra doenças cardiovasculares. No presente estudo avaliamos o papel do estradiol sobre o metabolismo do tecido adiposo de ratas Wistar-Kyoto normotensas (WK) e espontaneamente hipertensas (SHR). As ratas foram ovariectomizadas e 21 dias após, receberam injeções do veículo (0,1 mL de óleo/100 g de peso corporal) ou com estradiol (5g/0,1 mL/100 g de peso corporal). Foi verificado que a administração de estradiol após a ovariectomia (OVX) reduziu significativamente a pressão arterial sistólica, apenas do grupo SHR. A administração de estradiol reduziu, nos dois grupos de animais, o diâmetro celular dos adipócitos mesentéricos e periuterinos, e aumentou o número de células apenas nos tecidos das fêmeas WK. O número de células do grupo SHR foi sempre superior ao dos WK, independentemente do tratamento. A atividade da enzima lipase lipoprotéica do tecido adiposo aumentou nas ratas ovariectomizadas dos dois grupos, embora a os valores obtidos para as SHR fossem cerca de 50 300% inferiores aos obtidos para as WK. A administração de estradiol reduziu a atividade da enzima, independentemente do grupo ou tratamento. A presença de insulina (2,5 ng/mL) no meio de incubação, estimulou a captação de glicose pelos adipócitos periuterinos e mesentéricos dos dois gupos de animais. Entretanto, o efeito foi mais acentuado nas ratas que receberam estradiol. O tratamento com estradiol aumentou a lipólise basal dos adipócitos periuterinos nos dois grupos, WK e SHR. Quanto aos adipócitos mesentéricos, o tratamento com estradiol aumentou a lipólise basal apenas do grupo WK. A curva dose-resposta para o efeito antilipolítico da insulina mostrou que os adipócitos mesentéricos das SHR tratadas com estradiol foram mais sensíveis à inibição da lipólise estimulada pelo isoproterenol. A atividade lipolítica dos adipócitos isolados das SHR foi superior ao das WK independentemente do tratamento, sugerindo uma sensibilidade aumentada ao isoproterenol, em relação ao WK. Observou-se que apenas no tecido periuterino de ratas WK tratadas com estradiol, ocorreu um aumento significativo nos níveis de expressão do gene do receptor de ativação peroxissomal (PPAR) do tipo . Nas SHR, observou-se um nível menor de expressão do gene do PPAR em relação às WK e não foram observadas diferenças de expressão deste gene nos tecidos periuterino em resposta ao tratamento. Entretanto, no tecido adiposo mesentérico, os níveis do mRNA do PPAR foram maiores que os de outros tecidos e o tratamento com estradiol aumentou de maneira significativa os níveis de expressão deste gene. Quanto ao PPAR, verificou-se que o tratamento com estradiol aumentou significativamente os níveis de expressão deste fator de transcrição no fígado dos dois grupos de animais. A expressão deste gene aumento no coração das SHR tratadas com estradiol. Os resultados apresentados no presente trabalho sugerem que a falta de estradiol pode aumentar o risco cardiovascular, através de um aumento da pressão arterial, conforme evidenciado nas ratas SHR. A redução da sensibilidade à insulina após OVX reduziu a capacidade da insulina em suprimir a lipólise após estímulo com isoproterenol, bem como redução da captação de glicose pelos adipócitos. Por outro lado, o aumento da sensibilidade insulínica evidenciado pela administração de estradiol, pode ser conseqüente ao aumento da expressão do PPAR e indiretamente do PPAR (através de seu efeito redutor da adiposidade). Os adipócitos viscerais são considerados lipolíticamente mais ativos que outros depósitos lipídicos, de modo que o aumento da captação de glicose, importante para o fornecimento de glicerol-3-fosfato, pode contribuir para reduzir a liberação de ácidos graxos através de um aumento da esterificação e desta forma, reduzir o afluxo de ácidos graxos ao fígado.
6
Nadu, Ana Paula. "Avaliação da Cardioproteção em Ratos que Superexpressam uma Proteína de Fusão Produtora de Angiotensina-(1-7) [TGR(A1-7)3292]." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CMCH-7FYNBB.
Full textAbstract:
Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7) is now considered to be a biologically active member of the renin-angiotensin system. The functions of Ang-(1-7) are often opposite to those attributed to the main effector component of the renin-angiotensin system, Ang II. Recently it has been suggested that Ang-(1-7) has cardioprotective properties. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Ang-(1-7) on cardiac hypertrophy. Heart hypertrophy was induced in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) and TG rats [TGR(A-7)3292] by daily injection of isoproterenol (2 mg/Kg i.p, 7 days). Control groups received daily injection of vehicle (0.9 % NaCl 0.1 ml/100g i.p, 7 days). At the end of the 7-day period, the rats were killed by decaptation and the heart and blood were immediately collected. The atria and right ventricle were dissected. Wet weights of the left ventricles were recorded and normalized for body weight. The left ventricles were used for morphometric analyzes and quantification of collagen I, III and fibronectin proteins by immunofluorescence using confocal microscopy. Angiotensins were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in plasma and left ventricles. In addition, atrial natriuretic peptide was also determined by RIA in the plasma. The isoproterenol-induced hypertrophy was attenuated in TG rats. The expression of collagen I, III and fibronectin proteins in the extracellular matrix were also attenuated in isoproterenol-treated TG rats left ventricles. Expression of left ventricle angiotensinogen, ACE2, collagen I, III, Mas and AT1 receptors mRNA levels were assessed by semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The cardiac Ang II level was significantly decreased in the TG rats. In contrast, the plasma Ang II levels were significantly increased in TG animals .Angiotensiogen mRNA in the left ventricle was significantly decreased in TG rats while ACE2 mRNA was significantly increased in TG rats. No significant changes were observed for Mas receptor mRNA levels and AT1 receptor mRNA levels in the left ventricles of TG rats. A significant increase of plasma ANP concentration was observed in TG rats. Isoproterenol did not change the biochemical alterations observed in the TG rats before the treatment . These results reinforce the hypothesis that Ang-(1-7) plays an important site-specific role within renin-angiotensin system and others peptidic systems.<br>A Ang-(1-7) é descrita como um fragmento biologicamente ativo do sistema renina-angiotensina, tendo diversas de suas ações contrárias aquelas descritas para Ang II. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado que a Ang-(1-7) apresenta efeitos antiproliferativos e cardiproterores. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o papel da Ang-(1-7) na hipertrofia do ventrículo esquerdo. Nesse estudo foram utilizados ratos machos Sprague-Dawley(SD) e ratos machos que superexpressam Ang-(1-7) [TGR(A1-7)3292]. Os ratos foram tratados com injeções diárias de isoproterenol (2mg/Kg/dia, i.p.) durante 7 dias. Após o período de tratamento, os ratos foram sacrificados e foram coletados o VE e o plasma para posteriores análises. Os VE foram utilizados para análise morfométrica e imunofluorescência, dosagens de Ang II e Ang-(1-7), e expressão de mRNA para angiotensinogênio, ECA2, receptores Mas e AT1, colágenos I e III. O plasma foi utilizado para dosagens de Ang II e ANP. Os ratos TG apresentaram menor hipertrofia do VE, acompanhada por menor formação de matriz intersticial em resposta ao ISO. A concentração cardíaca de Ang II estava diminuída no VE dos ratos TG. Em contraste, as concentrações plasmáticas de Ang II estavam aumentadas. Os ratos TG apresentaram diminuição da expressão do mRNA para angiotensinogênio e aumento da expressão do mRNA para ECA2 no VE. Os ratos TG não apresentaram alterações na expressão do mRNA para os receptores Mas e AT1. Os níveis de ANP estavam aumentados no plasma dos ratos TG. Em resposta ao ISO, as características bioquímicas observadas foram mantidas inalteradas nos ratos TG. Os dados sugerem que a Ang-(1-7) induz importantes alterações bioquímicas no coração e no plasma dos ratos TG, reforçando a hipótese de que ela pode modular o SRA e outros sistemas peptídicos, favorecendo a proteção de órgãos alvos do sistema cardiovascular.
7
Bloise, Enrrico. "Expressão e localização de A/Bativina, seus receptores ActRIB e ActRIIA, de -inibinae de folistatina na glândula mamária bovina gestacional." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CMCH-7FSQSS.
Full textAbstract:
Gestational Expression of â Activin, ActRIB and ActRIIA Receptors, -Inhibin and Follistatin in Bovine Mammary Gland.Activins belong to the transforming growth factor superfamily and bind selectively to ActRIB and ActRIIA receptors. Their effects are antagonized by inhibins (INH) and follistatins (FS). Since activins have been related to mammary ductal elongation and lobular-alveolar differentiation in mice, we evaluated gene and protein expression of Activin-A/B subunits, ActRIB and ActRIIA receptors, FS and -INH in the mammary gland of nulliparous and pregnant heifers. Mammary glands were obtained from beef heifers slaughtered in nulliparous (NP; n=9), pregnant in the 1st (60-120 days - mammogenesis; n=9) and in the 2nd stages of gestation (150-210 days lactogenesis; n=9). Mammary tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Real Time PCR. We found a higher intensity of ductal and lobular immunostaining for A, ActRIB and ActRIIA in the mammogenesis group when compared to NP and lactogenesis groups, however the stromal cells displayed less immunostaining for A and ActRIB during lactogenesis (p<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Dunns test). Activin B subunit, FS and -INH proteins were localized in ductal, lobular and stromal cells with similar intensity during all the stages. The mRNA transcripts of Activin-A/B subunits, FS and ActRIIA were expressed equally in the mammary tissue of non-pregnant and pregnant heifers. However -INH mRNA expression was up regulated during gestation and ActRIB mRNA was up regulated only during lactogenesis. In conclusion, this study firstly shows that A/B activin, ActRIB, ActRIIA, -INH and FS are expressed in stromal, ductal and lobular structures in the bovine mammary gland during non-gestational and gestational mammary gland development and differentiation.<br>Ativinas são fatores fatores de crescimento pertencentes a superfamília de fatores de crescimento â (TGF-â) e agem através dos receptores ActRIB e ActRIIA e seus efeitos são antagonizados pelas inibinas e folistatinas. As ativinas estão relacionadas ao crescimento ductal mamário e à diferenciação lóbulo-alveolar de camundongos. Por esse motivo, o presente trabalho avaliou a expressão gênica e protéica de âA/âB, ActRIB e ActRIIA, inibina e folistatina na glândula mamária de novilhas gestantes e não gestantes. As glândulas mamárias foram obtidas a partir de novilhas da raça nelore não gestantes (NG, n=9) e gestantes na 1o fase (GP, n=9) e 2o fase (GS n=9) do desenvolvimento mamário gestacional. O tecido mamário foi analisado por imunohistoquímica e PCR em tempo real. Os anticorpos primários utilizados foram os policlonais de coelho anti- âA (1:400), anti-ActRIB (1:200), anti-ActRIIA (1:200) e anti-FS (1:200) e os policlonais de cabra anti-B (1:200) e anti- (1:200), seguidos pela técnica de coloração por streptavidina-peroxidase. A imunocoloração ductal e lóbulo-alveolar de âA, ActRIB e ActRIIA, foi mais intensa no grupo GP que nos grupos NG e GS (p<0.05, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis e teste de Dunn). A subunidade âB ativina, a FS e a INB foram localizadas nas células epiteliais alveolares e ductais com intensidade de imunocoloração similar em todas as fases. A região estromal foi imunopositiva para todas as proteínas nas 3 fases estudadas. Os mRNAS das subunidades âA/âB, FS e ActRIIA foram similarmente expressos nas 3 fases estudadas. Contudo, o mRNA da cadeia -INH foi mais expresso durante a fase gestacional e o receptor ActRIB foi mais expresso somente durante a lactogenesis. Concluindo, este estudo demonstra pela primeira vez que as subunidades âA e âB da ativina, os receptores ActRIB e ActRIIA, á-inibina e FS são expressos nas estruturas estromais ductais e lobulares durante o desenvolvimento e diferenciação da glândula mamária bovina.
8
Barbosa, Millen Cristina Moreira. "Caracterização fisio-farmacológica de dispositivos de liberação controlada para o estudo do sistema renina angiotensina." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CMCH-7FQGY6.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, we evaluate the viability of using biodegradable polymers for the
development of controlled release systems for Losartan. Two kinds of formulations in
PLGA (Poly-lactide- glycolide acid) base for Losartan were tested in anesthetized Wistar
rats instrumented to arterial pressure register and intravenous administration of peptides.
Of those doses tested during the initial acute experiments, the 3,0 mg/kg Losartan dose
presented better efficiency in blocking the pressure response caused by 20 ng of Ang II.
After that, we tested the capacity of Ang II pressure effect blocking by the formulations
PLGA/Losartan and CI/PLGA, 2, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after its subcutaneous
administration. An accented Ang II pressure effect blockade was obtained in both the
animals treated with PLGA/Losartan and CI/PLGA, when compared to its respective
controls during the 48 treatment hours. However, in the animals treated with Losartan
only, we observed a significant 24 hours Ang II pressure effect blockade, when
compared with the PLGA control and a 36 hours Ang II pressure effect blockade when
compared with the PLGA and -CD controls. After these periods, the pressure responses
in the Losartan group begin to return to control conditions, as the responses obtained in
the groups PLGA/Losartan and CI/Losartan remained acutely reduced. When comparing
the Losartan and the PLGA/Losartan treated animals, we noticed that there were no
significant differences between them during the 48 hours of treatment. The same was
observed when comparing the Losartan and the CI/PLGA groups. The cardiac frequency
data obtained for each experimental group are in agreement with what was observed for
the mean arterial pressure during the 48 hours of treatment. The findings of the acute
experiments indicate that the Losartan encapsulation in PLGA and its inclusion in -CD,
nearly doubled the duration of its action time, from 24 hours to 48 hours. In chronic
experiments we tested the Ang II pressure effect blockade at the end of 8 and 21 days of
treatment with both suspension and controlled release device pellets formulations.
However, these experiments do not provide significant results concerning the Ang II
pressure effect blockade. In in vitro experiments performed with our preparations, the
observed burst effect (release of 100% of drug in one hour of experiment) indicates that
the totality of the Losartan was released in the approximated time of 1 hour, provoking
the increase of just 1 hour in its liberation. This resulted in an increment of 24 hours in
the antagonist effect duration. We found that the PLGA based Losartan controlled
release system represents a gain of 24 hours in the duration of the antagonist effect of the
drug and its metabolite, however, not to apply to chronic blockade. This occurs because
even little alterations in the Losartan conversion ratio in EXP3174 can result in
important changes in the level and duration of the Ang II blockade. Our data suggest that
the use of polymers with lower burst effect for Losartan may allow the development of
controlled release device of Losartan of long duration<br>Nesse estudo avaliamos a viabilidade da utilização de polímeros biodegradáveis para o
desenvolvimento de sistemas de liberação controlada para o Losartan. Dois tipos de
formulações na base PLGA (poli ácido lático glicólico) para o Losartan foram testados.
Foram utilizados ratos Wistar não anestesiados instrumentados para registro da pressão
arterial e administração intravenosa de peptídeos. A capacidade de bloqueio do efeito
pressor da Ang II foi testada 2, 6, 12, 24, 36 e 48 horas após a administração subcutânea
das formulações PLGA/Losartan e CI/PLGA (composto de inclusão formado pelo
Losartan incluído na ciclodextrina e encapsulado pelo polímero). Um bloqueio
acentuado do efeito pressor da Ang II foi obtido tanto nos animais tratados com
PLGA/Losartan quanto nos tratados com CI/PLGA comparados aos seus respectivos
controles durante 48 horas. Nos animais tratados apenas com Losartan observamos um
bloqueio significativo do efeito pressor por 24 horas, quando comparado com o controle
PLGA e por 36 horas, quando comparado com os controles PLGA e -CD. Após esses
períodos as respostas pressoras no grupo Losartan começaram a retornar às condições
controle enquanto as respostas obtidas nos grupos PLGA/Losartan e CI/Losartan
continuaram acentuadamente reduzidas. Os dados da freqüência cardíaca obtidos para
cada grupo experimental estão de acordo com o que foi observado para a pressão arterial
média durante as 48 horas de tratamento ao qual foram submetidos. Os resultados
encontrados nos experimentos agudos indicam que o encapsulamento do Losartan pelo
PLGA e sua inclusão em -CD praticamente dobrou a duração do tempo de ação desse
fármaco, que passou de 24 para 48 horas. Em experimentos crônicos testamos o bloqueio
do efeito pressor da Ang II ao final de 8 e 21 dias de tratamento, utilizando formulações
sob a forma de suspensão e pastilha. Contudo, tais experimentos não forneceram
resultados significativos quanto ao bloqueio do efeito pressor da Ang II. Em
experimentos de liberação in vitro com nossas preparações, o burst effect, ou seja, a
liberação de 100% do fármaco em 1 hora de experimento observado indicou que a
totalidade do Losartan foi liberada no tempo aproximado de 1 hora provocando o
incremento de apenas 1 hora na sua liberação. Isso resultou em um aumento de cerca de
24 horas na duração do efeito antagonista. Assim, o sistema de liberação controlada de
Losartan na base PLGA representa um ganho de 24 horas na duração da ação do efeito
antagonista do fármaco e de seu metabólito, não se aplicando, no entanto, para bloqueio
crônico. Esses dados sugerem que pequenas alterações na taxa de conversão de Losartan
em seu metabólito ativo EXP3174 podem resultar em importantes mudanças no nível e
na duração do bloqueio de Ang II. Nossos dados sugerem que a utilização de polímeros
com menor taxa de burst effect para o Losartan podem propiciar o desenvolvimento de
dispositivos de liberação controlada do Losartan de longa duração.
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Ferreira, Caroline Marcantonio. "Papel e mecanismos da hiperreatividade brônquica na infecção causada por Strongyloides venezuelensis em ratos." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CMCH-7FVGMK.
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Alterations in lung function and pulmonary symptoms have been described in patients infected with helminthes with a lung cycle. We have previously shown that infection with the nematode Strongyloides venezuelensis induced a significant increase in airway hyperreactivity in infected rats. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that bronchodilation during the lung phase of parasite migration would favor completion of the life cycle and infection indices. For this purpose, Strongyloides venezuelensis infected rats were treated with salbutamol during the first 48 h after the nematode infection. At the dose used (0.25 mg/mL for 10 min every 4 h), treatment with salbutamol preventedchanges in lung function during the parasite migration. This was accompanied by a significant increase in parasite burden, as assessed in the lung and the small intestine. We also investigated the mechanisms of airway hyperresponsiveness and observed that IL-13 does not have effect on this lung alteration. On the other hand, sensory C fibers have an important role in the airway hyperresponsiveness independent of lung inflammation<br>Alterações funcionais pulmonares e sintomas pulmonares têm sido descrito em pacientes infectados por helmintos com ciclo pulmonar. Previamente foi demonstrado que a infecção com nematódeo Strongyloides venezuelensis induz um significante aumento na hiperreatividade brônquica em ratos infectados. O objetivo do presente estudo foi testar a hipótese que a broncodilatação durante a fase de migração da larva pelo pulmão favorece o ciclo parasitário e o numerode vermes que alcança o intestino. Para este propósito, ratos infectados com S. venezuelensis foram tratados com salbutamol durante as primeiras 48 horas após a infecção. A dose de salbutamol utilizada (0.25 mg/mL por 10 min a cada 4 horas) preveniu mudanças na função pulmonar durante a migração parasitária. Isto foi acompanhado por um aumento de parasitos nos pulmões e intestino. Em seguida investigamos os mecanismos da hiperreatividade brônquica e observamos que IL-13 não é essencial para essa alteraçãofuncional pulmonar, mas é importante para produção de ovos no intestino. Por outro lado, as fibras nervosas sensoriais sensíveis a capsaicina mostram relevante papel na hiperreatividade brônquica independente da inflamação pulmonar.
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Silva, Marcia Cristina Franca Ferreira. "Efeitos da ativina A, inibina A e folistatina Sobre células endometriais em um modelo de adesão e invasão peritoneal in vitro." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/CMCH-7G5NNP.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether activin A has an effect in the attachment and invasion of endometrial cells in a modeled peritoneum in vitro.
Methods: Cultured endometrial stromal and epithelial cells were treated with activin A (concentration range 6.25 to 50 ng/ml) and with activin A 25 ng/ml alone or associated to inhibin A or follistatin. Cells were labeled fluorescent green and added to a monolayer of confluent LP-9 mesothelial cells in a Matrigel® invasion assay. The expression of cell adhesion proteins N-cadherin and E-cadherin was evaluated by Real Time PCR.
Results: Activin A (25 ng/ml) promoted an increase in invasion of the endometrial cells through the modeled peritoneum (211 ± 36 percent of control levels, p<0.05), and this effect was partially reversed by its natural antagonists inhibin A and follistatin. Activin A had no effect in the attachment of the endometrial cells to the mesothelial cells or in the in vitro proliferation of endometrial cells. In addition, activin A induced a decreased mRNA expression of E-cadherin in cultured endometrial epithelial cells ( p<0.05).
Conclusion: Activin A increases invasion of endometrial epithelial cells and endometrial stromal cells into modeled human peritoneum, and this effect may be at least in part related to down-regulation of E-cadherin expression in endometrial epithelial cells. These findings suggest that activin A is able to facilitate the process by which endometrial cells invade the peritoneum to form endometriotic implants.<br>Objetivo: Este estudo visa investigar se ativina A tem efeito na adesão e invasão de células endometriais em um modelo de peritônio in vitro.
Métodos: Células endometriais estromais e epiteliais em cultura foram tratadas com ativina A (concentrações de 6.25 a 50 ng/ml) e com ativina A 25 ng/ml isolada em associação com inibina A ou folistatina. As células foram marcadas com fluorescência verde e colocadas sobre uma monocamada de células mesoteliais LP-9 num ensaio de invasão em Matrigel®. A expressão de moléculas de adesão, caderinas E e N, foi avaliada por Real Time PCR.
Resultados: Ativina A (25 ng/ml) promoveu um aumento na invasão de células endometriais através do modelo de peritôneo (211 ± 36 percento do controle, p<0.05), e este efeito foi parcialmente revertido por seus antagonistas naturais inibina A e folistatina. Ativina A não teve nenhum efeito na adesão das células endometriais às células mesoteliais ou na proliferação in vitro das células endometriais. Além disto, ativina A promoveu a diminuição da expressão do mRNA da caderina E em células epiteliais em cultura (p<0.05).
Conclusão: Ativina A aumenta invasão de células endometriais epiteliais e estromais através do modelo de peritôneo humano, e este efeito pode ser, ao menos em parte, relacionado à down-regulation da expressão de caderina E nas células endometriais epiteliais. Estes achados sugerem que ativina A é capaz de facilitar o processo pelo qual células endometriais invadem o peritôneo para formar os implantes endometrióticos.
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Cleary, Matthew John. "CMC Modelling of Enclosure Fires." University of Sydney. Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/696.
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This thesis describes the implementation of the conditional moment closure (CMC) combustion model in a numerical scheme and its application to the modelling of enclosure fires. Prediction of carbon monoxide (CO) in the upper smoke layer of enclosure fires is of primary interest because it is a common cause of death. The CO concentration cannot be easily predicted by empirical means, so a method is needed which models the chemistry of a quenched, turbulent fire plume and subsequent mixing within an enclosed space. CMC is a turbulent combustion model which has been researched for over a decade. It has provided predictions of major and minor species in jet diffusion flames. The extension to enclosure fires is a new application for which the flow is complex and temperatures are well below adiabatic conditions. Advances are made in the numerical implementation of CMC. The governing combustion equations are cast in a conserved, finite volume formulation for which boundary conditions are uniquely defined. Computational efficiency is improved through two criteria which allow the reduction in the size of the computational domain without any loss of accuracy. Modelling results are compared to experimental data for natural gas fires burning under a hood. Comparison is made in the recirculating, post-flame region of the flow where temperatures are low and reactions are quenched. Due to the spatial flux terms contained in the governing equations, CMC is able to model the situation where chemical species are produced in the high temperature fire-plume and then transported to non-reacting regions. Predictions of CO and other species are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data over a range of lean and rich hood-fire conditions. Sensitivity of results to chemistry, temperature and modelling closures is inves- tigated. Species predictions are shown to be quite different for the two detailed chemical mechanisms used. Temperature conditions within the hood effect the for- mation of species in the plume prior to quenching and subsequently species predic- tions in the post-flame region are also effected. Clipped Gaussian and ß-function probability density functions (PDFs) are used for the stochastic mixture fraction. Species predictions in the plume are sensitive to the form of the PDF but in the post-flame region, where the ß-function approaches a Gaussian form, predictions are relatively insensitive. Two models are used for the conditional scalar dissipation: a uniform model, where the conditional quantity is set equal to the unconditional scalar dissipation across all mixture fraction space; and a model which is consistent with the PDF transport equation. In the plume, predictions of minor species are sensitive to the modelling used, but in the recirculating, post-flame region species are not significantly effected.
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Giffen, Alice. "Singular structure of CMG systems." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531405.
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Bruno, Laura. "supplier quality management: caso cmc marine." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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Analisi del parco fornitori dell'azienda CMC Marine attraverso l'analisi delle performance, KPI, Vendor Rating e individuazione delle priorità e delle azioni correttive. "Fil Rouge" dell'elaborato la norma UNI EN ISO 9001:2015
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Khamesan, Ahmad. "Synchronous collaborative concept mapping via CMC." Thesis, University of York, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425458.
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Bottone, Francesco. "Les-CMC for diesel engine combustion." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529364.
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Heise, Andreas. "Analyse pathogen-responsiver Mitglieder der CMPG-Genfamilie in Arabidopsis thaliana." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962764159.
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Rebillat, Francis. "Caractérisation des interfaces et des matériaux d'interphases dans les CMCs." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10560.
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L'approche du role du comportement mecanique des interphases dans les composites sic/sic a ete menee en utilisant diverses techniques experimentales: microindentation, nanoindentation et essais de traction sur composites modeles (microcomposites) et composites 2d. Des interphases de carbone et des interphases moins oxydables, tels que bn et des sequences c/sic, ont ete etudiees a temperature ambiante. La rupture, de type adhesive et cohesive, puis la fissuration et enfin le frottement des surfaces deliees ont ete analyses. Les proprietes interfaciales determinees ont permis d'expliquer les differences de comportements macro-mecaniques des divers composites. Le champ des contraintes residuelles d'origine thermique dans des couches minces a ete calcule par la methode des elements finis. Les conditions d'elaboration cvd/cvi pour obtenir du nitrure de bore a structure anisotrope ont ete identifiees. L'augmentation du degre de cristallisation des depots de nitrure de bore a ete reliee a des changements dans les regimes cinetiques de depot. La degradation mecanique et chimique du renfort fibreux lors du depot de l'interphase bn et l'adherence des depots sur les fibres ont ete caracterisees ; les modifications de compositions de surface expliquent l'affaiblissement de la liaison substrat/depot
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Lee, Kam-fong. "Enhancing students' collaborative learning through CMC discussion." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40040057.
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Kwok, Wing-fai Tommy, and 郭榮輝. "Using CMC to enhance students' collaborative learning." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29604734.
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Lee, Kam-fong, and 李錦芳. "Enhancing students' collaborative learning through CMC discussion." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40040057.
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Ackman, Kerri L. "Prototyping of an open-architecture CMG system." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27779.
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The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the development of the next generation of spacecraft attitude control systems by designing and building a prototype open-architecture control moment gyroscope (CMG). The focus is on the CMG mechanism, with emphasis on the momentum wheel assembly. An open-architecture system enables customizable software configuration and allows for future system upgrades, component swapping and integration with other systems. This technical objective was approached through an iterative design process in which several mechanical design configurations were explored prior to the manufacturing of the final prototype. Issues related to the CMG mechanical design, the details of the CMG manufacturing process, including balancing requirements, and integration of the CMG components are discussed. Several experiments illustrate the performance of the CMG prototype. This newly designed CMG prototype will extend the capabilities of the NPS Reconfigurable Spacecraft Autonomy Testbed (R-SAT) simulator and enable demonstrations of advanced attitude control concepts for CMG spacecraft.
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Bances, Ricardo M., and Norberto J. Chau. "CMC Complejos de cadenas de R-módulos." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/95810.
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Podsedník, Karel. "Biomechanická studie karpometakarpálního (CMC) kloubu palce ruky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230512.
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This master thesis deals with stress-strain analysis of carpometacarpal (CMC) thumb joint. It is a preliminary study, which was not analysed on BUT Mechanical and biomechanical institute yet. There is a comparative stress-strain analysis of CMC with applied total endoprosthesis and physiological condition. The model of geometry was created based on CT images and processed with using software Catia and Solidworks. The problem was solved in numerical FEM (finite element method) in software Ansys 13.0
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Cuschieri, Thomas. "Complete noncompact CMC surfaces in hyperbolic 3-space." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3135/.
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In this thesis we study the asymptotic Plateau problem for surfaces with constant mean curvature (CMC) in hyperbolic 3-space H3. We give a new, geometrically transparent proof of the existence of a CMC surface spanning any given Jordan curve on the sphere at infinity of H3, for mean curvature lying in the range (-1,1). Our proof does not require methods from geometric measure theory, and yields an immersed disk as solution. We then study the dependence of the solution surface on the boundary data. We view the set of H-surfaces (CMC surfaces with mean curvature equal to H) as consisting of the conformal H-harmonic maps. We therefore begin by showing smooth dependence on boundary data for H-harmonic maps (with |H| < 1) which solve a Dirichlet problem at infinity. This is achieved by showing that the linearised H-harmonic map operator is invertible as a map between appropriate function spaces. Finally we show smooth dependence on boundary data for H-surfaces which lie in a neighbourhood of the totally umbilic spherical caps {H}. This is achieved by studying the mapping properties of the so-called conformality operator. We use methods from complex geometry to show that the linearisation of this operator at a cap H is an isomorphism for all H ∈ (−1, 1).
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Lindahl, Alexander, and Sanna Malm. "Value Creation Through Synchronous CMC? : The Banks' Perspective." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-92851.
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The development of technology and the Internet have in many ways influenced how companies conduct their business, and what creates a competitive advantage. Previous research have recognized that due to this development, those companies that can create a superior value for the customer will also be the ones that can create a competitive advantage. One industry that has focused a lot on technology during the last couple of years is the banking industry. In fact, this industry was one of the first to adopt and implement technology in their business. The banks have previously used services where there is no physical interaction between customers and employees, such as Internet banking, mobile banking, ATMs etcetera. These services are also known as Self-service technologies (SSTs) and are a well-researched area. Today, there is a new service in the banking industry that has the potential to be “the next big thing” - online advising. This will create a new type of interaction were the customers and employees communicate through the use of a computer software and a computer interface – much like a video exchange. To our knowledge, no bank in Sweden has launched this particular service, which makes the topic very interesting and current to study. In the initial phases of this study, we defined the following research question and purpose that would guide this research: Research Question: How can banks in Sweden use a synchronous CMC service to facilitate value-creation with its customers? Purpose: We aim to understand how a synchronous CMC could facilitate value creation in the banking industry by investigating what types of values online advising could bring about. In addition, by studying similarities between banks, we aim to understand how prepared banks are for the implementation of online advising in terms of opportunities/challenges and if they can use a synchronous CMC to cope with the challenges associated with current SSTs. Online advising relates to the theoretical field of Computer-mediated communications (CMC) where there are no previous studies that answers this research question and purpose. Previous studies within this field have instead focused on other channels of communication, such as email, chat and forums. To fulfil this identified gap, we conducted a study with a qualitative research design and a single case study. After we conducted six semi-structured interviews with a sample that includes the major banks in Sweden we found valuable results. These results indicate that the majority of the banks included are not prepared for a synchronous CMC service - online advising. However, the results showed that this service can facilitate value-creation through saving time and making it more convenient for customers, also known as a cost/sacrifice type of value. Our results further show that a synchronous CMC can cope with the challenge of “isolation”. This means that SSTs can create a human separation that online advising can cope with, as this service creates more of a personal connection between customer and employee.
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Nicoli, Adriana Vietmeier. "Superfícies CMC em variedades tridimensionais : diferencial de Hopf." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2014.
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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Sinuê Dayan Barbero Lodovici<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Matemática, 2014.<br>O objetivo principal deste texto é apresentar o teorema de Hopf 3.16 nos espaços R3, H3
e S3, resultado clássico sobre superfícies com curvatura média constante (CMC). Antes
disto, apresentamos alguns conceitos importantes de Geometria Diferencial, entre eles
o Teorema de Gauss-Bonnet 2.13 e o Teorema de Hadamard 2.36. Por fim, de maneira
breve, enunciamos o teorema de Hopf em espaços produto (H2XR e S2XR).<br>The main objective of this paper is to present the Hopf's theorem (3.16) in spaces R3,
H3 and S3, a classical result on surfaces with constant mean curvature (CMC). Before
this, we present some important concepts of Differential Geometry, including the Gauss-
Bonnet Theorem (2.13) and Hadamard's Theorem (2.36). Finally, and briefly, we state
the Hopf's theorem in product spaces (H2XR and S2XR).
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Tranquart, Bastien. "Vers un matériau virtuel pour l'optimisation qualitative d'une nouvelle famille de CMCs." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00752336.
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Ces travaux portent sur le développement d'un matériau virtuel pour la simulation et l'optimisation des matériaux à microstructure hétérogène, en particulier des composites à matrice céramique de nouvelle génération. Pour ce faire une modélisation du fil est mise en place, au travers d'une démarche intégrée qui prend en compte la complexité de la microstructure et de sa variabilité issues du procédé de fabrication. La démarche proposée repose sur deux étapes : i) la construction d'une morphologie synthétique du fil, basée sur l'étude de micrographies et ii) une méthode de simulation multiéchelle inspirée de la méthode des éléments finis généralisée. L'originalité de cette dernière provient de l'utilisation de motifs, sorte de situations physiques ou topologiques élémentaires, pour décrire à la fois la microstructure et la cinématique locale. La démarche est validée et appliquée à diverses sections de fil synthétiques 2D, pour lesquelles le choix des motifs est discuté. L'extension au traitement de tronçon 3D du fil, ainsi qu'à la simulation de la fissuration à l'aide d'une méthode discrète est discutée et des premiers éléments de réponse sont apportés.
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Tranquart, Bastien. "Vers un matériau virtuel pour l’optimisation qualitative d’une nouvelle famille de CMCs." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DENS0014/document.
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Ces travaux portent sur le développement d’un matériau virtuel pour la simulation et l’optimisation des matériaux à microstructure hétérogène, en particulier des composites à matrice céramique de nouvelle génération. Pour ce faire une modélisation du fil est mise en place, au travers d’une démarche intégrée qui prend en compte la complexité de la microstructure et de sa variabilité issues du procédé de fabrication. La démarche proposée repose sur deux étapes : i) la construction d’une morphologie synthétique du fil, basée sur l’étude de micrographies et ii) une méthode de simulation multiéchelle inspirée de la méthode des éléments finis généralisée. L’originalité de cette dernière provient de l’utilisation de motifs, sorte de situations physiques ou topologiques élémentaires, pour décrire à la fois la microstructure et la cinématique locale. La démarche est validée et appliquée à diverses sections de fil synthétiques 2D, pour lesquelles le choix des motifs est discuté. L’extension au traitement de tronçon 3D du fil, ainsi qu’à la simulation de la fissuration à l’aide d’une méthode discrète est discutée et des premiers éléments de réponse sont apportés<br>The thesis work focus on the development of a virtual material for heterogeneous materials simulation and optimization, especially in the case of now generation of ceramic-matrix composites. To do that, a model at the scale of the yarn is built up, by using an integrated approach that account for the complexity of the microstructure and its variability arising from the manufacturing process. This approach is made of two steps: i) the construction of a synthetic yarn, using micrographics studies and ii) a multiscale approach based on the generalized finites elements method. The originality of that method come from the use of pattern, sort of typical physical or topological situation, that describe both the local structure and kinematic. The approach is validated and applied to various 2D cross-sections of synthetic yarns, for which the choice of patterns is discussed. Extension to 3D section of the yarn, together with the simulation of the fracture in a discrete manner, is discussed and first elements of answer are proposed
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Cook, Kathryn. "Learner control and user-interface interactions in CMC courses." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ63620.pdf.
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Lee, Ju Young. "The effect of computer-mediated communication (CMC) interaction on L2 vocabulary acquisition a comparison study of CMC interaction and face-to-face interaction /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1468105.
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Franz, Heike. "How computer mediated communication affects information overload in distributed teams." Thesis, Henley Business School, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266546.
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Wilson, Martina E. "Learning and teaching online : structuring computer-mediated communication systems to support interaction at a distance." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247054.
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Gaddipati, Manohar. "Code comparison of methane hydrate reservoir simulators using CMG STARS." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=6023.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 208 p. : ill. (some col.), col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-208).
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Ben, Ramdane Camélia. "Etude et modélisation du comportement mécanique de CMC oxyde/oxyde." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0077/document.
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Les CMC oxyde/oxyde sont de bons candidats pour des applications thermostructurales. Le comportement mécanique et les mécanismes d’endommagement de deux composites alumine/alumine à renforts tissés bi- et tridimensionnels ont été étudiés et comparés. La microstructure de ces CMC à matrice faible a été caractérisée à partir de porosimétrie et de CND, tel que thermographie IR, scan ultrasonore et tomographie X, ce qui a permis de mettre en évidence la présence de défauts initiaux. Le comportement mécanique en traction, ainsi qu’en compression dansle cas du CMC à renfort bidimensionnel, dans la direction des fibres ainsi que dans la direction ±45°, aété étudié à température ambiante. Afin d’exploiter pleinement ces essais, nous avons eu recours à plusieurs méthodes d’extensométrie et de suivi d’endommagement, telles que la thermographie IR et l’émission acoustique. Les propriétés mécaniques à rupture ainsi que le module de Young du CMC à renfort bidimensionnel développé à l’Onera se sont avérées supérieures à celles disponibles dans la littérature. Les mécanismes d’endommagement des matériaux ont été déterminés à partir d’observations post mortem au MEB et d’essais in situ dans un MEB, ce qui a permis d’évaluer la nocivité des défauts initiaux. Enfin, l’étude du comportement mécanique de ces composites a permisde proposer un modèle d’endommagement tridimensionnel qui permettra de poursuivre le développement de ces matériaux grâce à du calcul de structure. A l’issue de cette thèse, des pistes d’amélioration des procédés d’élaboration et de choix d’instrumentation à utiliser pour les futures études, notamment en ce qui concerne le suivi d’endommagement, ont également été proposées<br>Oxide/oxide CMCs are good candidates for thermostructural applications. Themechanical behaviour and damage mechanisms of two alumina/alumina composites with two andthree dimensional woven reinforcements were studied and compared. The microstructure of theseweak matrix CMCs was characterized by porosimetry and NDT methods, such as IR thermography,ultrasound scanning and X-ray tomography, which highlighted initial defects. The mechanicalbehaviour was studied through tensile tests, as well as compression tests in the case of the twodimensionalreinforced CMC. These tests were conducted at room temperature, in the fibres directionsand in the ±45° direction. In order to fully exploit these tests, several extensometry and damagemonitoring methods, such as IR thermography and acoustic emission, were used. Young’s moduli andmaximum stresses and strains of the two-dimensional reinforced CMC developed at Onera appearedto be higher than those available in the literature. The damage mechanisms of the materials weredetermined by post mortem SEM observations and in situ testing in a SEM, which made it possible toassess the nocivity of initial defects. Studying the mechanical behaviour of these composites finallyenabled the development of a three-dimensional damage model that will facilitate the furtherdevelopment of such materials, through finite element analysis. Finally, some improvements regardingthe manufacturing processes and the instrumentation for damage monitoring were suggested forfuture studies
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Dias, Vera de Jesus Gonçalves. "Estudar ou tocar violino? : um estudo de caso no CMCGB sobre a prática individua." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21830.
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Mestrado em Ensino de Música<br>O presente trabalho aborda questões relacionadas com o estudo individual do violino por alunos do Conservatório de Música Calouste Gulbenkian de Braga, bem como, das suas percepções sobre a aprendizagem do violino. Reflete-se sobre questões teóricas acerca do estudo e da motivação: estratégias de estudo, o papel do professor, métodos de estudo, progresso técnico e artístico e ansiedade na performance. Apresenta-se aqui uma caracterização e análise das práticas de estudo dos alunos e também os resultados pedagógicos neste ano letivo, enquanto estudo de caso. Algumas das principais conclusões apontam no sentido de o estudo do violino não ser muito estruturado, mas o interesse dos alunos pelo instrumento e pela prática de música ser grande. Daí a questão enunciada no título deste projecto: estudar ou tocar violino?<br>The present study aims at approaching issues related to the individual study of the violin by students in the music school Conservatório de Música Calouste Gulbenkian in Braga, so as the perception of their learning process. It analyses theoretical questions about practicing and motivation, such as, learning strategies and methods, technical and artistic progress, the teacher´s role and anxiety during the performance. The study shows a profile and an analysis of the learner´s practices and also their learning results of this school year, as a study case.
Some of the main conclusions indicate that although learning violin is not well structured, the student´s interest for the instrument and for its musical practice is high. This explains the question announced in the title of this study: Learning or playing the violin?
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Ahn, Byung Ki. "Interfacial Mechanics in Fiber-Reinforced Composites: Mechanics of Single and Multiple Cracks in CMCs." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29791.
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Several critical issues in the mechanics of the interface between the fibers and matrix in ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are studied. The first issue is the competition between crack deflection and penetration at the fiber/matrix interface. When a matrix crack, the first fracture mode in a CMC, reaches the interface, two different crack modes are possible; crack deflection along the interface and crack penetration into the fibers. A criterion based on strain energy release rates is developed to determine the crack propagation at the interface. The Axisymmetric Damage Model (ADM), a newly-developed numerical technique, is used to obtain the strain energy in the cracked composite. The results are compared with a commonly-used analytic solution provided by He and Hutchinson (HH), and also with experimental data on a limited basis.
The second issue is the stress distribution near the debond/sliding interface. If the interface is weak enough for the main matrix crack to deflect and form a debond/sliding zone, then the stress distribution around the sliding interface is of interest because it provides insight into further cracking modes, i.e. multiple matrix cracking or possibly fiber failure. The stress distributions are obtained by the ADM and compared to a simple shear-lag model in which a constant sliding resistance is assumed. The results show that the matrix axial stress, which is responsible for further matrix cracking, is accurately predicted by the shear-lag model.
Finally, the third issue is multiple matrix cracking. We present a theory to predict the stress/strain relations and unload/reload hysteresis behavior during the evolution of multiple matrix cracking. The random spacings between the matrix cracks as well as the crack interactions are taken into account in the model. The procedure to obtain the interfacial sliding resistance, thermal residual stress, and matrix flaw distribution from the experimental stress/strain data is discussed. The results are compared to a commonly-used approach in which uniform crack spacings are assumed.
Overall, we have considered various crack modes in the fiber-reinforced CMCs; from a single matrix crack to multiple matrix cracking, and have suggested models to predict the microscopic crack behavior and to evaluate the macroscopic stress/strain relations. The damage tolerance or toughening due to the inelastic strains caused by matrix cracking phenomenon is the key issue of this study, and the interfacial mechanics in conjunction with the crack behavior is the main issue discussed here. The models can be used to interpret experimental data such as micrographs of crack surface or extent of crack damage, and stress/strain curves, and in general the models can be used as guidelines to design tougher composites.<br>Ph. D.
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Shamsudin, Sarimah. "Computer-mediated communication (CMC) and English for specific purposes (ESP) : an investigation of the use of synchronous CMC to meet the needs of computer science students." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2586/.
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The purpose of this research was to investigate whether synchronous computer-mediated communication (CMC) would be an effective tool to meet the English for specific purposes (ESP) needs of language learners. A single tertiary education institution in Malaysia was used as the context of the study. A preliminary investigation was conducted to analyze present and target situation needs and lacks of Computer Science students at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Results revealed Computer Science students at UTM need training and practice in the specific communication skills of interviewing and group discussion for systems analysis and design for their current academic needs and future career as CSPs. In order to be successful CSPs the students need to be competent in both face-to-face and electronic forms of communication which include synchronous CMC to elicit information or conduct group discussions such as joint application design (JAD) with their clients. Findings also indicated that Computer Science students and CSPs who graduated from local universities experienced problems articulating orally in English due to speech anxiety, lack of confidence and lack of practice. A set of tasks called CMC ESP tasks were designed and conducted via a synchronous CMC environment to address these needs and lacks. Prior to the Main Study, I conducted two feasibility studies to find out the practicality and suitability of using CMC tools and CMC task types with Computer Science students at UTM. Seventy-two second year Computer Science students participated in the first feasibility study and tested the practicality of using two synchronous CMC tools: 1) NetMeeting for computer-mediated written interaction and 2) Device Duo for computer-mediated oral interaction. Results suggested it was logistically possible to use both synchronous CMC tools but it was more feasible to use Net Meeting because it can simulate real-time text-based discussions and meetings which are common among CSPs. Twenty-seven first year Computer Science students participated in the second feasibility study which confirmed the usability of several CMC ESP task types for investigating the effects of the CMC ESP method on Computer Science students at UTM. I then conducted a longitudinal study. During the main study, an intact group of 32 first year Computer Science undergraduates were subjected to the CMC ESP method (treatment) as part of the activities in their English for Academic Communication (EAC) module. Students were given pre- and post-treatment oral assessment to find out the short term effect of the CMC ESP method on the development of their interviewing and group discussion skills for systems analysis and design. Findings from these assessments were triangulated with the results of pre- and post-treatment self-assessment attitude questionnaires and the analysis of the chat transcripts from the tasks. Results were encouraging. Participants achieved a significant gain in their overall oral performance and in terms of task fulfilment, language and communication ability in the oral assessment.
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Barba, Pacheco Claudia. "Síntesis de carboximetilcelulosa (CMC) a partir de pastas de plantas anuales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8503.
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Palabras clave: materiales lignocelulósicos residuales, chopo, pino, paja de trigo, plantas anuales, abacá, sisal, yute, lino, Miscanthus sinensis, bagazo de caña de azúcar, henequén, pastas de cocción rápida sosa/AQ, pastas IRSP, carboximetilcelulosa, comportamiento reológico, grado de sustitución.<br/><br/>El presente trabajo describe la preparación y caracterización de muestras de carboximetilcelulosa (CMC) a partir de diferentes materiales lignocelulósicos tanto residuales como no madereros, así como el estudio de la influencia de las condiciones de preparación de la materia de partida y sus características sobre las propiedades finales de las CMCs obtenidas. La producción de carboximetilcelulosa a partir de estos materiales supone una importante contribución ya que, en la mayoría de los casos, el derivado se obtiene a partir de linters de algodón y madera de pino y eucalipto.<br/> Las muestras de CMC fueron preparadas a partir de pastas procedentes de tres diferentes tipos de cocciones: <br/> Pastas blanqueadas de pino, chopo y paja de trigo, provenientes de procesos de cocción con sosa/antraquinona con tiempos de residencia que abarcaban desde los convencionales de aproximadamente 90 min hasta tiempos de cocción rápidos del orden de 3 min.<br/> Pastas blanqueadas de Miscanthus sinensis, bagazo de caña de azúcar y henequén cocidas mediante el método IRSP (Impregnation Rapid Steam Explosion Process)<br/> Pastas papeleras comerciales y blanqueadas provenientes de procesos convencionales sosa/antraquinona de abacá, sisal, yute y lino <br/>La reacción de eterificación se llevó a cabo siguiendo el procedimiento Druvacell a escala laboratorio para la obtención de CMC con alto grado de pureza. Esta se realizó utilizando siempre las mismas condiciones de operación y relación cuantitativa de los materiales presentes. <br/>Los productos purificados fueron caracterizados en función de su grado de sustitución (DS), pureza, solubilidad, viscosidad intrínseca  de soluciones de CMC en NaCl 0.1M, peso molecular y comportamiento reológico de soluciones de CMC a diferentes concentraciones. Se encontró que el DS de las CMCs sintetizadas en el laboratorio dependen en gran medida de la morfología del material lignocelulósico del cual provienen. El método usado para la eterificación de las pastas, da como resultado DS cercanos a 1 después de una eterificación y alrededor de 2 si se aplica un segundo tratamiento de eterificación. Con excepción de las CMCs fabricadas a partir de Miscanthus sinensis y bagazo de caña de azúcar, se obtuvieron DS de 0.75 y 1.45 después de una y dos eterificaciones respectivamente. <br/>La pureza de todas las muestras de CMC superaba el 98%. Los valores del peso molecular y el comportamiento reológico de las soluciones de CMC están relacionados con la viscosidad de las pastas de partida. De esta manera, las pastas que tenían un valor menor de viscosidad generaban CMCs con un comportamiento reológico cercano al newtoniano y por el contrario las CMCs que fueron sintetizadas a partir de pastas con mayor viscosidad, presentaban comportamientos pseudoplásticos. Los resultados relacionados con la caracterización reológica de las muestras de CMC, muestran que es posible obtener derivados de celulosa de pastas no madereras con propiedades diferentes a las obtenidas por materiales comunes como la madera o linters de algodón. Estos nuevos materiales presentan un potencial importante para la producción de derivados de celulosa con características innovadoras para aplicaciones industriales específicas, especialmente la estabilidad de la viscosidad con la temperatura<br/>En general, los experimentos realizados mostraron la viabilidad de obtener CMCs similares a las comerciales partiendo de materiales no convencionales. Además, se confirma la posibilidad de producir derivados de celulosa a partir de pastas de cocción rápida y explosión con vapor, ampliándose de esta manera las opciones de estudio de otros derivados de celulosa de interés industrial.<br>Keywords: waste lignocellulosic materials, poplar, pine, wheat straw, annual plants, abaca, sisal, jute, linen, Miscanthus sinensis, sugar cane, henequen, fast soda/AQ pulps, IRSP pulps, carboxymethylcellulose, rheological behavior, degree of substitution.<br/><br/>In this manuscript we describe the synthesis and characterization of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) samples from different lignocellulosic residual and non-wood materials. We also describe how the condition of the raw materials affects the preparation and final properties of the CMCs produced. The production of carboxymethylcellulose from these materials is an important contribution because, currently, it is produced from cotton linters and pine and eucalyptus wood.<br/>The CMC samples were prepared from three kinds of cellulose pulps: <br/> Soda/anthraquinone bleached pine, poplar and wheat straw pulps with cooking residence times ranging from 3 to 90 min.<br/> Steam exploded Miscanthus sinensis, sugar cane and henequen pulps cooked by IRSP (Impregnation Rapid Steam Explosion Process).<br/> Commercial bleached paper pulps cooked by the soda/anthraquinone process of abaca, sisal, jute and linen.<br/>High purity carboxymethylcellulose was obtained by the etherification Druvacell process on a laboratory scale, always under the same conditions and with the same chemical amounts.<br/>The final purified products were characterized in terms of their degree of substitution (DS), purity and solubility in concentrated NaOH, CMC intrinsic viscosity  in 0.1M NaCl solutions, molecular weight and rheological behavior of CMC samples at different concentrations.<br/>We found that the DS depended on the raw material morphology and properties and not on the cooking temperature of the pulp source. The method we used for the etherification reaction yielded CMCs whose degree of substitution was close to 1 after one etherification reaction, and around 2 when a second etherification reaction was performed at the same conditions. Miscanthus sinensis and sugar cane were the only exceptions because they yielded CMCs with a DS of around 0.75 and 1.45 after one and two etherification treatments. <br/>All CMC samples had purities of over 98%. The molecular weights and the rheological behavior of the CMC solutions were directly related to the viscosity of the pulps. Pulps of lower viscosity therefore produced CMCs whose rheological behavior was similar to Newtonian behavior. On the other hand, the pseudoplastic behavior was obtained from pulps of higher viscosity.<br/>The rheological characterization of the CMC samples shows the viability of obtaining carboxymethylcellulose from non-conventional materials whose characteristics are different from those obtained from common materials such as wood or cotton. These new materials have great potential for producing cellulose derivatives with novel characteristics like temperature stability that make them suitable for specific and tailor-made industrial applications. <br/>Overall, our results show that carboxymethylcelluloses can be obtained from non-conventional materials having similar characteristics to commercial CMC. We also confirm the production of CMC from rapid soda/AQ and IRSP pulps, being posible to extend this study for other cellulose derivatives of industrial interest.
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Zitzen, Michaela. "Topic shift markers in asynchronous and synchronous computer mediated communication (CMC)." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970670788.
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Bueso, Ucles Francisco Javier. "Antistaling properties of amylases, wheat gluten and CMC on corn tortilla." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/19.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Texas A&M University, 2003.<br>"Major Subject: Food Science and Technology" Title from author supplied metadata (record created on Jul. 18, 2005.) Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Tsai, Su-Hsun. "Features of English in CMC and their implications for language learning." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020367/.
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The similarities and differences between written and spoken forms of language have been a focus of interest of many scholars. There is agreement that instead of being a dichotomy or one single continuum, the differences between spoken and written forms can be measured along several dimensions. The coming into existence of computermediated communication (CMC) has made the line of distinction even less obvious. It is technically a writing (key-pressing) behaviour but may be used to carry out spontaneous communication. This study is intended to investigate the special linguistic features of CMC versus non-CMC texts. The study adopts a corpus linguistic approach to analyse a host of 67 linguistic features in synchronous and asynchronous CMC genres and finds interesting differences in the use of these features when used in different temporalities of CMC contexts. A comparison of these features in CMC genres with those in non-CMC texts also reveals some special characteristics of language developed through the use of CMC. The study suggests that, within the general development of CMC, there are emerging genres reflecting particular contexts. As CMC may soon become a major means of communication, and corpus linguistics is an innovative linguistic approach, awareness of CMC is likely to be of increasing importance for language learning. Some pedagogical suggestions are proposed from the experience and findings that have been gained.
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Guillaumat, Laurent. "Microfissuration des CMC : relation avec la microstructure et le comportement mécanique." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR10546.
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Les relations entre la microstructure, la microfissuration et le comportement mecanique dans les composites ceramiques ont ete etudiees pour un materiau 2d sic/c/sic. L'analyse en microscopie de l'endommagement de ces materiaux sous sollicitations de traction a revele la presence d'autant de familles de fissures que de constituants, a savoir: une fissuration de la matrice interfil amorcee par les singularites de la macroporosite, puis dans les fils transversaux et enfin dans les fils longitudinaux. Ces trois familles ont une influence selective sur le comportement mecanique. Celui-ci est egalement fortement affecte par les caracteristiques du materiau d'interphase. Les deux premieres familles, en raison de leur propagation importante, diminuent considerablement la rigidite du materiau. Par contre, la localisation de la troisieme famille dans les fils longitudinaux affecte plus particulierement la liaison fibre/matrice. La determination du champ de contraintes par elements finis suivie d'un calcul probabiliste considerant les proprietes mecaniques des constituants du composite et integrant reellement les familles de fissures creees selon les deformations imposees a permis de reconstituer la courbe de comportement de maniere satisfaisante. Enfin, l'analyse d'un composite elementaire constitue d'une seule fibre entouree d'une interphase et d'un depot matriciel d'un double point de vue micromecanique et probabiliste a permis de decrire l'incidence des phenomenes interfaciaux sur les courbes de comportement contraintes-deformations
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Guo, Yifei Guo. "Evaluation of Appalachian Basin Waterfloods Utilizing Reservoir Simulation Software CMG-IMEX." Marietta College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=marhonors1524952375868231.
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Salloum, Caroline, and Emma Jensen. "Ett digitalt engelskklassrum via CMC : Hur påverkar det elevers skriftliga förmåga?" Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36362.
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Triantafyllidis, Antonios. "Large Eddy Simulations of spark ignition processes with the CMC method." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252166.
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McHarg, Emma. "Studies in the nature and consequences of Computer-Mediated Ostracism." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2012. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/a75ee69f-9893-9b86-6b22-6fa1fe305b39/9/.
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Ostracism has been shown to have a variety of negative effects on the target, though the reported nature of these has varied due to differing manipulations of the phenomenon. The experiments reported attempt to characterise the consequences of computer-mediated (CM) ostracism using a range of approaches. Investigation of on-line social behaviour in Internet chat rooms revealed similar patterns of group behaviour, including ostracism, to those reported in face-to-face communication. Fourier analyses revealed periodic structure to the comments made in CM group communication qualitatively similar to that previously reported in dyadic face-to-face communication. Identity changes and ostracism occurrences were also found to be periodic. The power spectra produced by these analyses revealed that comments, identity changes and ostracism typically showed a gradient of 1/f - 11/, a characteristic common to many physical and biological systems but not previously reported in social communication. Further experiments revealed that level of anonymity did not modulate a reduction in comments made by CM ostracised participants. Thus the partial anonymity conferred by CM communication cannot account for the differential effect of ostracism in CM and face-to-face contexts. Experiments on the effect of ostracism upon cognition revealed that ostracised participants reacted significantly slower on a Strop task, but made fewer errors. Performance on a Remote Associates Task was bifurcated whereby those who accurately estimated the extent of their exclusion performed significantly worse than non-ostracised participants. Ostracised participants who under-estimated their exclusion performed similarly to non-ostracised participants. Many of these findings are consistent with a hypothesis that ostracism may be considered a form of (social) pain whose consequences may be mediated by neural substrates that partially overlap with those implicated in responses to physical pain. The findings suggest that a full characterisation of individual and situational differences in ostracism effects may require a combination of techniques, from neuron-imaging to traditional social psychological methodologies.
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Arbogast, Elisabeth. "Aspects cliniques et obstétricaux des 112 premières grossesses obtenues par fécondation in vitro au CMCO." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR1M048.
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Abchiche, Bruno. "Augmentation de la limite élastique des composites à matrice céramique : SiC/SiC ou SiC/MAC." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14903/document.
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Les matériaux composites connaissent un large succès. En effet les Composites à Matrice Céramique (CMC) fonctionnant à haute température ont des performances inégalées en termes de fatigue thermomécanique. La durée de vie des CMC est pourtant limitée en raison de l'apparition précoce de fissures matricielles, ouvrant autant de portes à des environnements agressifs, entraînant un abattement prématuré des propriétés mécaniques. Arriver à retarder la fissuration matricielle devient donc une étape clé pour une future importante utilisation des CMC dans l'aéronautique ou l'aérospatial. Les travaux de cette thèse se sont inscrits dans cette logique, où pour protéger les fibres et l'interphase de l'oxydation et de la corrosion, les propriétés de la matrice céramique ont tenté d'être modifiées par l'incorporation de nanofibres en leur sein et par l'émoussement de leurs macropores résiduels<br>Abstract
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Shahzad, Eram, and Junaid Khan. "Role of Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) in growing trading organization in Pakistan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-18061.
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In third world countries like Pakistan, companies are growing their trading business with remarkable pace. Increase in business volume has raised the challenges to keep growth sustainable. Communication is one of the biggest challenges for most of small size trading and marketing companies in the region. Face-to-face communication is only type of communication available in companies for inter departmental and intra departmental communication. Although face-to-face is one of the best type of communication but it is not possible to have face-to-face communication all the time with all employees especially when volume of company is growing with remarkable pace. In result company faces challenges like information delay, information lost or communication handicap. These challenges affect efficiency and effectiveness of company. We performed qualitative survey with directors and employees of Abuzar Marketing and Trading Company to develop deep understanding with communication problem to eliminate it. Analyzing empirical data and literature, it is found that Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) provides synchronous and asynchronous types of communication, which could help the company to overcome communication challenges with several other potential benefits e.g. knowledge sharing, employees training, democracy in batter manners. Since every company in region is facing similar problem, general recommendation and precautions are made to introduce computer mediated communication (CMC).
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Ding, Lingping. "Using CMC to facilitate English language learning in a Chinese tertiary context." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530839.
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