Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Clusters'
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Jeltema, Tesla Erin. "Cosmology with clusters of galaxies : high-redshift clusters and the evolution of cluster substructure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28372.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 85).
Clusters of galaxies have become an important cosmological tool, yet we do not un-erstand many aspects of their formation and development. In this thesis, I pursue two projects aimed at using clusters to constrain cosmology and better understanding cluster evolution. First, I examine the Chandra observation of MS1054-0321. MS1054-0321 is the highest redshift cluster in the Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey (EMSS), and it was one of the first high-redshift clusters observed with Chandra. I confirm that this cluster is hot and massive, although its temperature is slightly lower than inferred previously. I also detected an iron line in this cluster, one of the first detections of iron in a cluster at these redshifts, with an abundance consistent with early enrichment of the ICM. MS1054-0321 exhibits significant substructure, which I study in detail for the first time. In X-rays, it appears to be a nearly equal mass double cluster in the process of merging. Both the cluster galaxies and mass associated with the western subclump are offset from the X-ray peak, possibly indicating that the gas in the subclump is being stripped off as it falls into the cluster. Despite the lower temperature, I find that the detection of this cluster in the EMSS constrains Qm to be less than one.
(cont.) In the second project, I investigate the evolution of cluster substructure with redshift, quantifying for the first time cluster structure out to z [approx.] 1. My sample includes 40 X-ray selected, luminous clusters from the Chandra archive, and I quantify cluster morphology using the power ratio method (Buote & Tsai 1995). I find that, as expected qualitatively from hierarchical models of structure formation, high-redshift clusters have more substructure and are dynamically more active than low-redshift clusters. Specifically, the clusters with z > 0.5 have significantly higher average third and fourth order power ratios than the lower redshift clusters. This observation of structure evolution indicates that dynamical state may be an important systematic effect in cluster studies seeking to constrain cosmology, and when calibrated against numerical simulations, structure evolution will itself provide interesting bounds on cosmological models.
by Tesla Erin Jeltema.
Ph.D.
Junior, Paulo Vanderlei Cassanego. "Governança em clusters de negócios: um estudo em clusters do Rio Grande do Sul." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-06012015-120214/.
Full textThis thesis aims to show what elements should be included in a descriptive model to represent what actually occurs in governance in clusters. To achieve this goal developed a survey to understand what factors were considered by the researchers wrote about the governance of production clusters. Using these data, the resulting material was classified considering their nature. If descriptive or normative. Thus were formed the Elements of Governance Cluster with its concept from the literature would suggest the area. Elements of Governance, namely: Governance Structure, Functions Governance Mechanisms / Media Governance, Governance Goals, Agents and Governance Requirements governance. After, to achieve the objective of the thesis, it was necessary to confrontation of theoretical information with empirical data. Then developed in 5 research clusters in Rio Grande do Sul state the following cases were studied: Cluster Candy, in the region of Pelotas; Cluster Beef Cattle in the Campanha Gaucha region; Wine Cluster in the Border Campaign West Region; Cluster Furniture in the State Central Region; Cluster and Metal-mechanic. In the Serra Gaucha. The data collected consisted of a descriptive model, to represent how the elements are shown Governance in reality. The Structure of Governance was defined as how governance is organized in a cluster. Hierarchical or heterarchical form, with independent firms that operate as a single entity. The Role of Governance has been defined as the act of influencing the decision making of firms in the cluster, indicating ways of interaction between organizations. The Mechanisms of Governance were defined as formal and informal contracts that organize the relationship between organizations in a cluster. The Purpose of the Governance was set to ensure the vitality and competitiveness cluster composing maximizing value for the whole chain of production. Agents of the Governance were defined as independent companies linked by bonds of geographical proximity, transactional relationships, competitive and / or cooperative processes, local government, scientific institutions and support. As a requirement for the existence of Governance has been defined that trust is the main attribute.
Contini, Emanuele. "Galaxy populations in clusters and proto-clusters." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/9964.
Full textThe aim of my Thesis is to explore the physical properties of the galaxy population in clusters and proto-clusters. A large number of physical processes plays an important role in the formation and evolution of galaxies: cooling, that allows the condensation of gas in the centre of dark matter haloes; star formation, that converts cold gas in stars; feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), that prevents the gas in the central regions of haloes from "over-cooling"; feedback from Supernovae, which liberates energy in the surrounding, mixing the gas and enriching it with heavy metals. Galaxy clusters are special environments in which additional important processes take place, and play an important role in the evolution of the cluster galaxy population. Galaxy merging, harassments, tidal interactions, ram pressure stripping and strangulation are all processes acting in dense environments such as clusters of galaxies. I will take advantage of a {\it state of the art}-semi-analytic model of galaxy formation and of a set of 27 high-resolution dark matter only simulations: the semi-analytic model is based on physically motivated and observationally constrained prescriptions for the physical processes listed above and makes use of merger-trees extracted from the simulations to generate mock catalogues of galaxies. First, I make use of this set of simulations to carry out a statistical study of dark matter substructures. In the framework of modern theories of galaxy formation, dark matter substructures can be considered as the birth-sites of luminous galaxies. Therefore, the analysis of subhaloes, and in particular of their mass and spatial distributions, merger and mass accretion histories, provides important information about the expected properties of galaxies in the framework of hierarchical galaxy formation models. I have studied the amount and distribution of dark matter substructures within dark matter haloes, focusing mainly on the measured properties of subhaloes as a function of the mass and physical properties of their parent haloes, and redshift. I show that the fraction of halo mass in substructures increases with increasing mass, reaching $10 \%$ for haloes with mass of the order of $10^{15} \,M_{\odot} \hm$. The scatter in the relation is driven by halo concentration, with less concentrated haloes having larger fractions of mass in substructures. Most of this mass is locateted in the external regions of the parent haloes, in relatively few, but massive subhaloes, thus giving rise to a mass segregation which appears to be stronger at increasing redshift. Tidal stripping is found to be the process responsible for that. In fact, haloes that are more massive at the time of accretion, and that are supposed to host more luminous galaxies, are brought closer to the centre on shorter time-scales by dynamical friction, and therefore suffer of a more significant stripping. The results confirm that the main properties of galaxies, such as luminosity or stellar mass, are related to the mass of subhalos at infall, as found in previous studies.. The main results discussed in this part of the Thesis have been published in Contini et al. (2012), MNRAS.420.2978C. In a second part, I describe the implementation of physical processes responsible for the generation of the Intra-Cluster Light (ICL) in the available semi-analytic model, that, in its original form, does not account for them. The inclusion of these physical processes is, thus, an important improvement of the model. I take advantage of this upgrade of the model to investigate the origin of the ICL and to understand how the main properties of galaxies change with respect to a model that does not include these additional prescriptions. I find the fraction of ICL in groups and clusters predicted by the model to range between $10 \%$ and $40 \%$, with a large scatter and no halo mass dependence. Large part of the scatter on cluster scales is due to a range of dynamical histories, while on smaller scales it is mainly driven by individual accretion events and stripping of relatively massive satellites, with mass of the order of $10^{10.5} \, M_{\odot} \hm$, found to be the major contributors to the ICL. The ICL forms very late, below $ z \sim 1$ and a non negligible fraction (between $5 \%$ and $25 \%$) has been accreted during the hierarchical growth of haloes. Moreover, the ICL is made of stars which cover a relatively large range of metallicity, with the bulk of them being sub-solar, in agreement with recent observational data. The main results of this analysis have been submitted to MNRAS (Contini et al. 2013). In the last part of the thesis, the updated model is used to investigate the properties of the galaxy population in proto-cluster regions. The work is still in progress. I am testing the predictions of the semi-analytic model and comparing them with observations in terms of properties such as galaxy colours, star formation and stellar mass. A preliminary analysis of one very massive proto-cluster region shows that the galaxy population gets red and tend to cluster around the most massive galaxy as time goes by. There are, in literature, only a few attempts to probe such peculiar regions of the Universe from a theoretical point of view. The novelty of this work lies in the connection between massive clusters observed in the local Universe and the proto-cluster regions from which they have formed. I will try to define what a proto-cluster region is, and how it looks like, by studying the main properties of progenitors it contains. Specifically, I will investigate the spatial and velocity distributions of galaxies in simulated proto-clusters, looking at the red and blue galaxy distributions in these regions, as well as at BCG and satellite properties as a function of redshift. The main results of this work will be the subject of a paper in preparation.
XXV Ciclo
1982
Kozovska, Kornelia <1981>. "Business Clusters in Eastern Europe: Policy Analysis and Cluster Performance." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1611/2/Tesi_Kornelia_Kozovska.pdf.
Full textKozovska, Kornelia <1981>. "Business Clusters in Eastern Europe: Policy Analysis and Cluster Performance." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1611/.
Full textCruz, Sara Cristina Santos. "Surveying Industrial Clusters: A comprehensive Bibliometric Account." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/7563.
Full textMaster in Economics
Num mundo onde o paradigma da globalização se tornou uma realidade inquestionável, a dimensão `local tem ganho particular interesse como objecto de análise. Isto decorre do facto de os principais factores de competitividade global se encontrarem profundamente enraizados a um nível local. Neste contexto, os clusters, como entidades geográficas e sócio-relacionais, com um percurso evolutivo específico, uma identidade institucional e dinâmicas locais de conhecimento, tornaram-se elementos cruciais no desenvolvimento das regiões, assumindo um papel significativo nas políticas públicas. Apesar da sua importância crescente, o conceito de cluster tem sido alvo de uma aplicação discricionária, em termos do seu sentido e definição. Tendo em conta a evolução histórica deste conceito, tornou-se, então, necessário encontrar uma forma de organizar a literatura existente, numa tentativa de harmonizar esta multiplicidade de interpretações e significados. Esta dissertação tem por objectivo sistematizar o actual corpo de abordagens teóricas e estudos empíricos sobre clusters através de uma revisão aprofundada da literatura, complementada com um estudo bibliométrico, realizado com base em artigos publicados em jornais indexados nas bases de dados bibliográficas Econlit e EBSCO, no período de 1962 a 2007. Os principais resultados deste trabalho de investigação indicam que, para além da sua importância académica, o papel dos clusters tem também sido amplamente reconhecido no domínio político. Por outro lado, o interesse crescente na dimensão `local tem sido acompanhado por um emergente corpo de literatura sobre `globalização, redes globais e clusters . Além disso, por detrás do recente boom na literatura sobre clusters, está a importância de temas como as `abordagens sociais e baseadas nas `networks de contactos ou redes locais dos clusters, bem como as teorias baseadas no conhecimento. Estudos sobre sistemas regionais e nacionais de inovação e abordagens institucionais (relativas a culturas, governação e costumes locais das regiões) alcançaram particular importância a partir da década de 1990. Isto reflecte claramente as mais recentes tendências da literatura sobre clusters, que têm dado especial enfoque a factores sistémicos e institucionais . Finalmente, não obstante a correlação positiva entre a qualidade das publicações e a investigação formal e experimental, a evolução da literatura sobre clusters continua a ser maioritariamente apreciativa e descritiva.
As the global paradigm became an accepted reality, the local dimension has gained particular interest as an object of analysis. This is because key factors of global competitiveness have become deeply rooted at a local level. In this context, clusters, as geographical and socio-relational entities with a specific evolutionary path, institutional embeddedness and local knowledge dynamics, have become crucial elements in regional development, assuming a significant role in public policies. Despite its growing importance, the concept of cluster has been subject to a rather discretionary use in terms of interpretation and meaning. Since the multiplicity of definitions has flourished with the historical evolution of the cluster concept, it became necessary to find a way to organize the existing literature, in an attempt to overcome this multitude of notions and meanings. This dissertation aims to systematize the existing corpus of theoretical approaches and empirical studies on clusters by carrying out a thorough, qualitative survey of the cluster literature, complemented with a comprehensive bibliometric account, based on articles published in journals indexed in the Econlit and EBSCO bibliographic databases, from 1962 to 2007. The main outcomes of this research show that besides their importance in academic fields, the role of clusters has also been widely acknowledged in political spheres. Along with an increasing interest in the `local dimension, an emergent corpus of literature on global networks and clusters has also arisen. Moreover, behind the recent boom in the cluster literature is the influence of the prominent themes `local networks and social approaches and `knowledge-based theories . Studies on `regional and national innovation systems and `institutional approaches (mostly concerned with enrooted local cultures, governance and customs) have been achieving a particular importance since the 1990s. This clearly reflects the most recent trends in the cluster literature, which focus particularly on `systemic and `institutional factors. Finally, despite the positive correlation between the `quality of journals and related formal research, the evolution of the literature on clusters continues to be mostly appreciative-led.
Cruz, Sara Cristina Santos. "Surveying Industrial Clusters: A comprehensive Bibliometric Account." Dissertação, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/7563.
Full textMaster in Economics
Num mundo onde o paradigma da globalização se tornou uma realidade inquestionável, a dimensão `local tem ganho particular interesse como objecto de análise. Isto decorre do facto de os principais factores de competitividade global se encontrarem profundamente enraizados a um nível local. Neste contexto, os clusters, como entidades geográficas e sócio-relacionais, com um percurso evolutivo específico, uma identidade institucional e dinâmicas locais de conhecimento, tornaram-se elementos cruciais no desenvolvimento das regiões, assumindo um papel significativo nas políticas públicas. Apesar da sua importância crescente, o conceito de cluster tem sido alvo de uma aplicação discricionária, em termos do seu sentido e definição. Tendo em conta a evolução histórica deste conceito, tornou-se, então, necessário encontrar uma forma de organizar a literatura existente, numa tentativa de harmonizar esta multiplicidade de interpretações e significados. Esta dissertação tem por objectivo sistematizar o actual corpo de abordagens teóricas e estudos empíricos sobre clusters através de uma revisão aprofundada da literatura, complementada com um estudo bibliométrico, realizado com base em artigos publicados em jornais indexados nas bases de dados bibliográficas Econlit e EBSCO, no período de 1962 a 2007. Os principais resultados deste trabalho de investigação indicam que, para além da sua importância académica, o papel dos clusters tem também sido amplamente reconhecido no domínio político. Por outro lado, o interesse crescente na dimensão `local tem sido acompanhado por um emergente corpo de literatura sobre `globalização, redes globais e clusters . Além disso, por detrás do recente boom na literatura sobre clusters, está a importância de temas como as `abordagens sociais e baseadas nas `networks de contactos ou redes locais dos clusters, bem como as teorias baseadas no conhecimento. Estudos sobre sistemas regionais e nacionais de inovação e abordagens institucionais (relativas a culturas, governação e costumes locais das regiões) alcançaram particular importância a partir da década de 1990. Isto reflecte claramente as mais recentes tendências da literatura sobre clusters, que têm dado especial enfoque a factores sistémicos e institucionais . Finalmente, não obstante a correlação positiva entre a qualidade das publicações e a investigação formal e experimental, a evolução da literatura sobre clusters continua a ser maioritariamente apreciativa e descritiva.
As the global paradigm became an accepted reality, the local dimension has gained particular interest as an object of analysis. This is because key factors of global competitiveness have become deeply rooted at a local level. In this context, clusters, as geographical and socio-relational entities with a specific evolutionary path, institutional embeddedness and local knowledge dynamics, have become crucial elements in regional development, assuming a significant role in public policies. Despite its growing importance, the concept of cluster has been subject to a rather discretionary use in terms of interpretation and meaning. Since the multiplicity of definitions has flourished with the historical evolution of the cluster concept, it became necessary to find a way to organize the existing literature, in an attempt to overcome this multitude of notions and meanings. This dissertation aims to systematize the existing corpus of theoretical approaches and empirical studies on clusters by carrying out a thorough, qualitative survey of the cluster literature, complemented with a comprehensive bibliometric account, based on articles published in journals indexed in the Econlit and EBSCO bibliographic databases, from 1962 to 2007. The main outcomes of this research show that besides their importance in academic fields, the role of clusters has also been widely acknowledged in political spheres. Along with an increasing interest in the `local dimension, an emergent corpus of literature on global networks and clusters has also arisen. Moreover, behind the recent boom in the cluster literature is the influence of the prominent themes `local networks and social approaches and `knowledge-based theories . Studies on `regional and national innovation systems and `institutional approaches (mostly concerned with enrooted local cultures, governance and customs) have been achieving a particular importance since the 1990s. This clearly reflects the most recent trends in the cluster literature, which focus particularly on `systemic and `institutional factors. Finally, despite the positive correlation between the `quality of journals and related formal research, the evolution of the literature on clusters continues to be mostly appreciative-led.
Hess, Cassiano Ricardo. "MDX-cc: ambiente de programação paralela aplicado a cluster de clusters." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/1655.
Full textDue to the appearance of fast communication networks, such as Myrinet and SCI, it becames possible the construction of new architectures based on commodity, off-the-shelf machines (PCs and workstations) connected by this kind of network - which are been called clusters. Such architectures are becoming an alternative execution platform for complex parallel applications, mainly due to the cost/benefit relation they present. The diversity of fast networks leads to the interconnection of clusters, building an architecture called cluster of clusters. One of the main problems in the use of clusters of clusters is the programming software used for parallel application development, since this kind of architecture has some characteristics that must be addressed by the programming language or environment in order to provide high performance. This work describes the development of a message passing parallel programming environment for cluster of clusters, the MDX-cc. This environment was projected based on the MDX system [PRE98][HES01] and a first version has been implemented supporting communication over Fast-Ethernet, SCI and Myrinet networks. The main goal of MDX-cc is to provide communication and synchronization of processes that run on interconnected clusters. Thanks to its modular architecture and the use of specific communication protocols dedicated to each network interface, MDX-cc provides a simple programming interface, with a small set of primitives, and also provides a transparent communication among processes running on different network-based clusters.
Em razão do surgimento de redes de comunicação de alta velocidade, tais como Myrinet e SCI, a construção de arquiteturas baseadas em máquinas comuns (PCs e estações de trabalho) conectadas por esse tipo de rede - o que se denomina agregado (ou cluster) - tornou-se viável. Tais arquiteturas vêm se consolidando como plataformas alternativas para a execução de aplicações paralelas complexas, principalmente devido à relação custo/benefício que oferecem. Esse avanço das tecnologias de redes possibilita também a agregação de clusters, formando uma estrutura de cluster de clusters, como uma única máquina paralela. Um dos principais problemas no uso de cluster de clusters é o software utilizado para o desenvolvimento de aplicações paralelas, visto que cada agregado envolvido na estrutura possui certas características que precisam ser tratadas pela linguagem ou ambiente de programação, visando o alcance de alto desempenho. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar uma ferramenta de programação paralela por troca de mensagens que executa sobre uma estrutura de cluster de clusters: o MDX-cc. A ferramenta foi concebida tendo como base o sistema MDX [PRE98][HES01] e uma primeira versão foi implementada oferecendo suporte à comunicação em agregados com redes SCI, Myrinet e Fast-Ethernet. O principal objetivo do MDX-cc é oferecer recursos de comunicação e sincronização de processos que rodam em agregados interligados. Por sua arquitetura modular e abstração do uso de protocolos de comunicação dedicados a cada tecnologia de rede, o MDX-cc oferece uma interface de programação simples, com um conjunto reduzido de primitivas, e provê transparência total na comunicação entre processos que executam em nós de clusters com tecnologias de rede distintas.
Ballestrin, Silvia <1989>. "Industrial Clusters in BRIC countries. An analysis of the economic geography of industrial clusters in BRIC countries and the cluster development policies." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3656.
Full textBowlan, John. "Electric dipole moments, cluster metallicity, and the magnetism of rare earth clusters." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34751.
Full textJefferson, Bea A. "Clusters and cluster policy : advanced manufacturing and metals industries in South Yorkshire." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412792.
Full textHess, Cassiano Ricardo. "MDX-cc : ambiente de programa??o paralela aplicado a cluster de clusters." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2003. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5121.
Full textEm raz?o do surgimento de redes de comunica??o de alta velocidade, tais como Myrinet e SCI, a constru??o de arquiteturas baseadas em m?quinas comuns (PCs e esta??es de trabalho) conectadas por esse tipo de rede - o que se denomina agregado (ou cluster) - tornou-se vi?vel. Tais arquiteturas v?m se consolidando como plataformas alternativas para a execu??o de aplica??es paralelas complexas, principalmente devido ? rela??o custo/benef?cio que oferecem. Esse avan?o das tecnologias de redes possibilita tamb?m a agrega??o de clusters, formando uma estrutura de cluster de clusters, como uma ?nica m?quina paralela. Um dos principais problemas no uso de cluster de clusters ? o software utilizado para o desenvolvimento de aplica??es paralelas, visto que cada agregado envolvido na estrutura possui certas caracter?sticas que precisam ser tratadas pela linguagem ou ambiente de programa??o, visando o alcance de alto desempenho. Esta disserta??o tem como objetivo apresentar uma ferramenta de programa??o paralela por troca de mensagens que executa sobre uma estrutura de cluster de clusters: o MDX-cc. A ferramenta foi concebida tendo como base o sistema MDX [PRE98][HES01] e uma primeira vers?o foi implementada oferecendo suporte ? comunica??o em agregados com redes SCI, Myrinet e Fast-Ethernet. O principal objetivo do MDX-cc ? oferecer recursos de comunica??o e sincroniza??o de processos que rodam em agregados interligados. Por sua arquitetura modular e abstra??o do uso de protocolos de comunica??o dedicados a cada tecnologia de rede, o MDX-cc oferece uma interface de programa??o simples, com um conjunto reduzido de primitivas, e prov? transpar?ncia total na comunica??o entre processos que executam em n?s de clusters com tecnologias de rede distintas.
Silva, Júnior José Leite da 1967. "Análise de Clusters na avaliação de bancos." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/261158.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
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Resumo: A principal contribuição dessa tese é o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de avaliação de instituições financeiras de implementação simples e que se mostrou precisa na avaliação de bancos americanos. A metodologia busca a produzir um índice de solidez que indique a relativa saúde das instituições sob estudo e está baseada na utilização da técnica estatística multivariada conhecida como análise de clusters, na utilização de variáveis financeiras publicamente disponíveis e na avaliação periódica de quais variáveis financeiras são significativas na avaliação das instituições bancárias. A metodologia foi aplicada ao mercado financeiro americano e apresentou bons resultados na identificação de instituições financeiras fragilizadas, o que permitiria ao supervisor bancário tomar mais precocemente ações com vistas a minimizar o impacto da atuação dessas instituições no mercado bancário como um todo
Abstract: The main contribution of this thesis is the development of a methodology evaluation of financial institutions to implement simple and that proved accurate evaluation of American banks. The methodology seeks to produce an index sound indicating the relative health of the institutions under study and is based on the use multivariate statistical technique known as analysis of clusters in use of publicly available financial variables and evaluation Periodical of which financial variables are significant in the evaluation of banking institutions. The methodology was applied to the U.S. financial market and showed good results in the identification of financial institutions weakened, allowing banking supervisor to take earlier actions aimed at minimizing the impact the role of these institutions in the banking market as a whole
Doutorado
Engenharia de Computação
Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica
Kuan, Fong Sheen, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Organotin-Oxo Clusters." Deakin University. School of biological and chemical sciences, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051125.084244.
Full textMillington, S. J. C. "Clusters of galaxies." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382461.
Full textDutton, Tom. "Ruthenium carbido clusters." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/290027.
Full textGalsworthy, Jane R. "Heterometallic boride clusters." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272676.
Full textEdwards, Andrew John. "Tetraruthenium carbido clusters." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272445.
Full textBehera, Swayamprabha. "CLUSTERS BRIDGING DISCIPLINES." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3571.
Full textBonamigo, Mario. "Triaxial galaxy clusters." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4717/document.
Full textIt is well established both theoretically and observationally that galaxy clusters are not spherical objects and that they are much better approximated as triaxial objects. This thesis focusses on the three dimencional shape of galaxy clusters. The originality of my approach is to tackle the problem both theoretically and observationally. First, I have measured the shape of dark matter haloes in the Millenium XXL and Sbarbine simulations, providing predictions for dark matter halo shape over 5 order in magnitude in mass. Then, I have developed an algorithm aimed at fitting simultaneously lensing and X-ray data in order to constrain a triaxial mass distribution. The algorithm is tested and characterized on mock data sets. It is found to be able to recover the input parameters. Finally, I present the X-ray analysis of galaxy cluster Abell 1703, which will be combined with the existing lensing analysis in order to investigate its shape
Lindqvist, Göran. "Disentangling clusters : agglomeration and proximity effects." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Institute of International Business (IIB), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-426.
Full textDiss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2009 Sammanfattning jämte 7 uppsatser
Vilela, Júnior Dalton Chaves. "A criação de conhecimento em clusters industriais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18804.
Full textThis dissertation proposes a comprehensive theoretical framework to analyze the factors involved in the Clusters Knowledge Creation (CKC), a subject that still is not totally covered by the literature. CKC is a process designed to increase the knowledge base, comprising the cluster, the cluster governance and/or its member‘s community. The proposed framework contemplates the different parties that operate in clusters (companies, educational and research institutions, government, cooperation agencies, and financial institutions), the levels where knowledge creation takes place (in the organizations, in the governance structure and in the cluster) and the different knowledge dimensions (technological, managerial, strategic, and relational). The research strategy relied on the performance of four case studies: the software development cluster in Manaus - AM - Brazil (AmazonSoft), the life sciences cluster focused on biotechnology in the region of Marseille - France (Bioméditerranée), the furniture cluster in the region of Bento Gonçalves - RS - Brazil (Pólo Moveleiro da Serra Gaúcha), and the textile cluster in the region of Caxias do Sul - RS - Brazil (Pólo de Moda da Serra Gaúcha). The main results highlight: a) the importance of the knowledge created at the cluster level for the collective development; b) the importance of the knowledge created by members due to their participation in the cluster; c) the influence of industrial sector, development stage and cluster composition in the CKC; d) the governance role to increase the CKC; e) the spillovers relevance as one of the drivers of the cluster knowledge; f) the link between members absorptive capacity and CKC; g) the need of members‘ embeddedness for the expansion of cluster‘s knowledge; and h) the consideration of different knowledge dimensions for the cluster‘s development and sustainability. These results can guide the development of new researches about CKC. Moreover, it may assist the decision-making process of clusters‘ managers, cluster members and government entities to propel the CKC in the clusters to which they are associated.
Zeni, Elton. "Sistema de avaliação das vantagens potenciais de Clusters industriais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/97233.
Full textThe main objective of this work is to develop a performance evaluation system of clusters, able of analyzing the potential advantages that a cluster can offer to its member companies and conclude about the use of these advantages and about the aspects which could be improved. Considering this general objective, this work intends: (i) identify the constructs and variables that should be utilized for represent the potential advantages that an industrial cluster can offer; (ii) develop an evaluation system for access the use of the potential advantages of a cluster, based on the constructs and identified variables; (iii) test the system, evaluating the development level of the west of Santa Catarina furniture cluster, regarding the use of the potential advantages, (iv) establish a plan for the improvement of operations and consolidation of the mentioned cluster. This dissertation is based on a qualitative and quantitative approach, comprising a survey involving 112 companies, focus group and interviews. One of the main contributions of this dissertation is the proposal of a model capable of evaluate the use of the potential advantages of a cluster, assisting on the decision making of the stakeholders (government, class association and companies) and competitiveness improvement of the cluster member companies compared to outside companies. Other contribution of this work is the proposal of a plan of actions that could increase the use of the advantages offered to the member companies of the west of Santa Catarina furniture cluster and their respective competitiveness.
Steiner, Roland. "Innovative Cluster Konzept zur Lancierung eines innovativen Clusters, mit starkem Fokus auf KMU /." St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02602191001/$FILE/02602191001.pdf.
Full textHuang, Hung-Jin, Rachel Mandelbaum, Peter E. Freeman, Yen-Chi Chen, Eduardo Rozo, and Eli Rykoff. "Intrinsic alignment in redMaPPer clusters – II. Radial alignment of satellites towards cluster centres." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627131.
Full textHe, Shaowei. "Structural embeddedness, clusters, and cluster policy : a case study of the West Midlands." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440930.
Full textMarquezan, Clarissa Cassales. "Integrated Cluster Environment (ICE) : plataforma de gerenciamento e de acesso a múltiplos clusters." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10270.
Full textSome researches have been done over the last years in order to improve the management and access of high performance systems. One of the motivations of these researches is the continuously increase in the number of users who, not rarely, belong to other areas, such as biology, geology, hydrology, etc; so it is necessary to provide some access and also management facilities in these kinds of systems. Furthermore, the users also have access to different kinds of high performance systems, and they have to deal with distinct tools of their underlying, which are not standardize. Therefore, the users need to learn the specificities of each tool in each high performace system that they have permission to access. Aiming to solve this problem, this work proposes an architecture to provide access and management of multiple clusters with extensibility, transparance, interoperability, user-friendly, manageability and maintainability. As a result of the proposed architecture, a prototype called ICE - Integrated Cluster Environment - was developed. The main goals of the architecture and the ICE environment are: (i) the capability of uniforming the manner the cluster tools are used and accessed; (ii) cluster access and transparence use; and (iii) two extensibility levels: the first one refers to capability of extending the number of functionalities/services provided by the environment and the second one concerns to the capability of extending the number of tools, with the same functionality, the system is able to manage. Beyond the architecture and prototype description, this research presents the evaluation of ICE environment, which is divided in two parts. The first one brings the comparison of the features between ICE and some related work. The second part shows some experiments that intend to verify the overhead inserted by ICE environment when performing the tasks of the job management module, also developed and explained in this work.
Cluver, Michelle E. "Probing distant clusters : a pre-SALT photometric study of intermediate redshift galaxy cluster." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4415.
Full textPopescu, Bogdan. "MASSCLEAN - MASSive CLuster Evolution and ANalysis Package - A New Tool for Stellar Clusters." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1276526207.
Full textCuciti, Virginia <1989>. "Cluster-scale radio emission: analysis of a mass-selected sample of galaxy clusters." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8540/1/Tesi_PhD.pdf.
Full textGreab, Maria Corina <1990>. "Inter-Cluster Networks in Europe: Relationships between Biomedical Clusters in Italy and Germany." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/7685.
Full textPedersen, David B. "The reactivity of gas-phase neutral transition-metal clusters, reactions of W clusters with cyclopropane and Ta clusters with alkanes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0007/NQ38324.pdf.
Full textCui, Lifeng. "Photoelectron spectroscopy studies on group IV semiconductor clusters and novel binary clusters." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2007/l_cui_050107.pdf.
Full textSchooler, Paul. "Linked arene clusters : the interaction of transition metal clusters with the cyclophanes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624962.
Full textSun, Haojun. "Determining the number of clusters and distinguishing overlapping clusters in data analysis." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5055.
Full textFeyel, Sandra. "Gaseous vanadium, vanadium oxide and hydroxide clusters from clusters to model catalysts." Berlin Logos-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990757048/04.
Full textAyakwah, Anthony. "Internationalisation of business clusters : the case of fruit processing clusters in Ghana." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2016. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/21276/.
Full textNielson, Curtis R. "A Descriptive Performance Model of Small, Low Cost, Diskless Beowulf Clusters." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2003. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd280.pdf.
Full textLugo, Preciado Jesus Gustavo. "Dynamics of ligands on gold surfaces to obtain Janus nanoclusters : a theoretical and experimental investigation." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066570/document.
Full textWe performed a joint computational – experimental investigation of the dynamics of ligand exchange on gold nanoclusters (GNC) surface with the aim to understand how to control the structural and optical properties of GNC through the design of their ligand shell. Our computational studies were carried out in the framework of the Kohn – Sham implementation of density functional theory in quantum chemistry. We analyzed the main features of UV – Vis spectra computed at the TD – DFT / CAMB3LYP level for the Au13, Au25, and Au28 metallic cores protected by thiolate, chloride, and phosphine ligands. Our results show that it is possible to tune the energy of the lowest absorption band of gold clusters by ligand shell engineering in order to control the charge redistribution between ligand shell and metallic core.In parallel we synthesized a set of Au25(ATP)x(TP)18 – x clusters with different ATP/TP ratios using an adapted Demessence protocol by combining 4ATP (4 – aminothiophenol) and TP (thiophenol) ligands. ESI – MS measurements evidence that for these mixed ligand shells the Au25 nuclearity is preserved. However, the addition of the DDT (1 – dodecanethiol) ligand in the mixture leads to nanoparticle formation. FT – IR spectroscopy confirms the absorption of two different ligands on the gold surface and SAXS shows that we have a good correlation between the distance between two clusters and the length of the ligand protecting them.Finally, we carried out a comparison of the mode of binding and the structural and optical properties of the fully ligated PH3 and NHC GNC with metallic cores of different nuclearities
Brustenga, Moncusi Laura. "Parametrising clusters of sections." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669497.
Full textEn este trabajo generalizamos los clústeres de puntos de un esquema al caso relativo, esto es, clústeres de secciones de una familia de esquemas. Cuando la familia es lisa, somos capaces de demostrar que existe un esquema parametrizando sus clústeres de secciones, el cual es una generalización de los blow up iterados de Kleiman.
In this work we generalise clusters of points of a scheme to the relative setting, that is, we introduce clusters of sections of a family. When the family is smooth, we are able to show that there is a scheme parametrising its clusters of sections of length r, which is a generalisation of Kleiman's iterated blow ups (which parametrise clusters of points).
Breukelen, Caroline van. "The most distant clusters." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491751.
Full textAbernethy, Colin D. "Inorganometallic clusters containing vanadium." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0026/NQ29462.pdf.
Full textMao, Qian. "Clusters Identification: Asymmetrical Case." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-208328.
Full textAbernethy, C. D. "Inorganometallic clusters containing vanadium." Thesis, University of New Brunswick, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1882/920.
Full textEke, Vincent R. "Cosmology with galaxy clusters." Thesis, Durham University, 1996. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5195/.
Full textTemple, John. "Supported high nuclearity clusters." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333573.
Full textSabounchei, S. J. S. Z. "Carbide and nitride clusters." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291737.
Full textBott, Adrian William. "Clusters : synthesis and topology." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316027.
Full textJackson, Patricia A. "Mixed-metal organometallic clusters." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304280.
Full textShongwe, Musa Sipho. "Metal-rich metallaborane clusters." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315214.
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