Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cluster design'
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Ponish, John S. "Energy conscious decisions for cluster housing." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101251.
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Energy conscious design should become an inherent part of the design process. This study shall present energy conscious guidelines in a format that can be integrated into the decision-making process.
The three elements which can be manipulated through this design process are outlined to provide a source of reference for the designer. The passive solar energy systems, the landscaping, and the building form allow an integration and optimization of their inherent components to achieve energy conscious design. The material is specifically formatted to appeal to the designer's need to quickly locate the material and then to easily review its contents. An outline format is maintained throughout the study that remains concise in presentation with abundant references to illustrations.
This study does not attempt to fully educate the user on the subjects presented, nor is all the information contained herein. These guidlines attempt to provide a basis for energy conscious design in the decision-making process and to encourage the designer to become more versed in these areas.M. Arch.
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Chou, Chi-Wu Information Technology & Electrical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Evolutionary cluster costing for weapon system early design." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38648.
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The Evolutionary Cluster Costing Methodology (ECCM) is proposed for estimating the cost of designing and producing a weapon system at the early design stage. The issue is related to the particular difficulties which system designers often encounter in the absence of cost data on present system details and historically relevant cases associated with the early development phase of a major acquisition project. This is especially relevant in the military environment. In general, the traditional approach for new system cost estimation is to use parametric methods with data from a number of historical cases. However, when there are limited cases it is difficult to establish appropriate and reliable cost models. As an approach to solving this problem, this research has developed ECCM to generate cost characteristics from only a few or even a single existing case to estimate new system costs. The purpose of ECCM is to extract cost characteristics from an existing system by separating it into mutually independent function clusters. Accordingly, ECCM consists of three essentials: function activity cost tables (FACT), an evolutionary clustering methodology, and cost pattern usages. Based on value engineering and system engineering, a system is made up of a particular group of functions, and each function is further supported by certain activities. Because activities can be represented as resources used for supporting related functions, cost employment among functions can be allocated as FACT. As part of the process, a binary incident matrix is constructed, where the values 1 or 0 represent the existence or non-existence of cost interactions between activity and function in FACT. The binary matrix can easily be deduced to represent the most relevant function clusters. To solve the N-P complete combinatorial problem, evolutionary algorithms and proposed cluster evaluation formulae are integrated into the evolutionary clustering methodology. Once the optimal function clusters have been grouped, the costs that interact among functions and activities can be relisted and rated into ratios within each cluster. Cost patterns can then be determined by activity cost ratios from individual clusters. The cost of a new system can be evaluated by considering each similar cluster as a cost parameter because each cluster represents the cost characteristics of a particular function group. Based on the fact that the technology is evolving gradually and the functions in a cluster are related to each other through certain resource relationships, the cost of new systems or products can be estimated by using those clusters. The cost estimates for the new system are obtained through comparing the needs of technologies or values in similar function clusters of existing systems. A case study from three generations of light-sport helicopters has shown that function and assembly clusters can be used to infer the cost of a new design. The results from the case study demonstrate that: 1) the various functions can be clustered to create a certain number of critical purposes, e.g., engine power or structural strength and safety related tasks; 2) ECCM can be used to estimate empirical costs given the absence of detailed design information; 3) the function and assembly similarities of clusters among systems are statistically significant; 4) the differences of cost ratios in related clusters between systems are not statistically significant; 5) the differences between cluster's estimated costs and actual costs in helicopter L-2 or L-3 are not significant statistically; and 6) the differences between assembly's estimated costs and actual costs in L-2 or L-3 are not significant statistically. The cost ratio patterns of individual clusters can be used to target the activity or assembly budgets for developing new systems.
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LEITE, RODRIGO PEIXOTO. "AUTOMOBILE PANEL: CLUSTER´S DESIGN ACCORDING TO INFORMATIONAL ERGONOMICS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9178@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOA evolução do design de automóveis possui características interessantes, sob o ponto de vista da relação estético-funcional estabelecida em cada época. No início, os projetos de veículos únicos priorizavam a funcionalidade em detrimento do bem-estar do usuário. Com o tempo, esta maneira de se projetar foi sendo modificada, passando por períodos que valorizaram estritamente o desempenho, a aerodinâmica e a forma para um modelo onde a relação humano-máquina é o centro principal de estudo. Com novos e diferentes modelos de veículos, estes passaram a apresentar variações no posicionamento e projeto de comandos e mostradores, principalmente na região do cluster de direção. Desta forma, o presente estudo objetivou demonstrar que esta variação do posicionamento e de projeto gera confusão e erros de julgamento por parte do usuário, podendo ocasionar graves acidentes e incidentes durante a realização da tarefa, principalmente àquele que não está acostumado com o sistema a ser utilizado. Para comprovar esta hipótese, foi elaborado um estudo que, primeiramente, buscou entender o desenvolvimento dos comandos e mostradores automotivos e o uso de normas e recomendações de projeto para traçar um panorama da disposição das informações no interior dos veículos. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, determinou-se o enfoque na categoria popular. O estudo do surgimento desta categoria, do panorama atual e do perfil do consumidor, contribuiu para se tentar observar o modelo mental dos usuários em relação ao posicionamento dos instrumentos. Para isso foram aplicadas diferentes técnicas, tais como um estudo comparativo dos modelos; a aplicação de questionários com usuários motoristas; e a realização de um grupo focal. O levantamento de dados contemplou ainda a realização de testes em um simulador real de interior de veículo. Outrossim, foi possível observar constrangimentos causados pela variação do projeto e pelo posicionamento de um grupo de comandos/mostradores do cluster e sugerir recomendações para projetos futuros.
The evolution of automobiles design has interesting characteristics, under the point of view of the aesthetic-functionary relation established at each time. In the beginning, the projects of unique vehicles prioritized the functionality in detriment of well-being of the user. As time passed by, this way of projecting were being modified, passing by periods that had strict valued the performance, the aerodynamics and the form for a model which the human being-machine relation is the main center of study. With new and different models of vehicles, these had started to present variations in the positioning and project of commands and counters, mainly in the region of cluster. In this way, the present study aimed to demonstrate that this variation of the positioning and project generates confusion and errors of judgment by the user, and can cause serious accidents and incidents during the accomplishment of the task, mainly to that user that is not familiar with the system to be used. To state this hypothesis, a study was elaborated that, first, searched to understand the automotive development of the commands and counters and the use of norms and recommendations of project to trace a panorama of the disposal of the information in the interior of the vehicles. For the development of the research, the approach in the
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Silva, Gustavo Girão Barreto da. "Resource-aware clustering design for NoC-based MPSoCs." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/95984.
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Atualmente, o paradigma multicore é uma tendência fortemente estabelecida também na área de sistemas embarcados. O grau de paralelismo provido por tal arquitetura tem sido a principal causa de avanços de performance na área além de economia de energia e potência. Entretanto, para obter paralelismo eficiente desta arquitetura não é uma tarefa simples. Assim, desenvolvedores propuseram diversos modelos de ambientes de programação tentando prover o máximo de transparência possível. No nível do hardware, este crescente aumento no número de componentes dentro chip cria um problema de gerenciamento a ser tratado. No contexto deste cenário complexo, esta tese propõe o uso de abordagens de gerenciamento de recursos para aumentar a eficiência, levando em consideração tanto performance quanto consumo de energia, de ambientes MPSoC em diferentes níveis. Além disso, estas abordagens tem em comum a noção de clusterização, a qual tenta agregar recursos logicamente de acordo com as demandas da aplicação. Primeiramente no nível do processador/aplicação, é proposto um hardware dinamicamente adaptável para suportar modelos de programação paralelos distintos sem nenhum sobrecusto computacional uma vez que todo o processo é completamente transparente para o programador. Ainda neste ambiente, onde aplicações distintas podem ser executadas, é proposto um mecanismo de escalonamento visando gerenciamento de recursos para aumentar a performance chamado Processor Clustering. São propostas quatro diferentes políticas de mapeamento de recursos que tiram vantagem de aspectos distintos da natureza paralela das aplicações e das restrições arquiteturais do sistema. Entretanto, algumas aplicações tem demandas de memória mais altas do que demandas computacionais. Logo, uma abordagem similar pode ser utilizada no nível da hierarquia de memória. Neste caso, o objetivo é redistribuir recursos de memória de acordo com as demandas da aplicação. Redistribuição de memória é explorada tanto em tempo de projeto quanto em tempo de execução. Um mecanismo de mapeamento de distribuição é proposto baseado na quantidade de requisições de acesso à memória externa. Finalmente, é proposto um mecanismo de tolerância à falhas baseado em gerenciamento de recursos para memórias distribuídas dentro do chip em NoCs. É introduzido um modelo de Reliability Clustering que tira proveito da infraestrutura da NoC. Neste caso, os roteadores tem conhecimento dos blocos com falhas e blocos redundantes. Baseado neste conhecimento, o mecanismo é capaz evitar altas latências de acesso à memória.The multicore paradigm is a solid trend nowadays, also in the field of embedded systems. The degree of parallelism provided by such architecture has been the foundation of performance advancements in the field as well as for power and energy savings. However, to obtain efficient parallelism of such architecture is not an easy task. Therefore, developers come up with several proposals of programming environments trying to provide as much transparency as possible. On the hardware side, this increasing number of on-chip components creates a management issue to be handled. In the context of this complex scenario this thesis proposes the use of resource management approaches to improve the efficiency, regarding both performance and energy consumption, of MPSoC environments at different levels. Also, these approaches have in common the notion of clustering, which tries to logically aggregate resources according to application demands. First, at the processor/application level, we propose a dynamically adaptable hardware to support distinct parallel programming models at no computational overhead, since the entire process is completely transparent to the programmer. Also, in this environment, where distinct applications can be executed, we propose a resource-aware scheduling mechanism to improve performance named Processor Clustering. We propose four different resource mapping policies that leverage on distinct aspects of the parallel nature of the applications and on architecture constraints. However, some applications have higher memory demands than computational demands. Therefore, a similar approach can be used at the memory level. In this case, we aim at redistributing memory resources according to application demands. We explore memory redistribution at both design time and runtime and propose a distribution mapping mechanism based on the amount of off-chip memory requests. Finally, we propose a resource-aware fault-tolerance mechanism for distributed on-chip memories in NoCs. We introduce a Reliability Clustering model that leverages on the NoC infrastructure. In this case, the routers have knowledge of faulty blocks and redundancy blocks and, based on that, they are able to avoid higher memory access latency.
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Bertaccini, Luca. "Design of a Cluster-Coupled Hardware Accelerator for FFT Computation." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19806/.
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This thesis is related to the design of a hardware accelerator computing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to be integrated into a PULP cluster. The project has been realized partly at the University of Bologna and partly at ETH Zurich.
PULP (Parallel Ultra Low Power) platform is a joint project between the Energy-efficient Embedded Systems (EEES) group of UNIBO and the Integrated Systems Laboratory (IIS) of ETH Zurich that started in 2013.
The FFT not only is used in data analytics but also represents a front-end for machine learning and neural networks application. The goal of this accelerator is to speed up these kinds of algorithms and to compute them in an ultra-low-power manner.
For the project described in this thesis, the radix-2 DIT (Decimation-in-Time) FFT has been implemented and the whole design has been realized in synthesizable SystemVerilog. Fixed-point arithmetic has been used within the computational part of the accelerator and the correct behavior of this unit has been evaluated making use of some MATLAB scripts. Since the accelerator has been conceived to be integrated into the PULP platform, it has been designed in compliance with the communication protocols implemented on such a board. The performance of the hardware accelerator has then been estimated in terms of area, timing, flexibility, and execution time. It has resulted to be seven times faster than a highly optimized software running FFT on 8 cores. In 22 nm technology, it occupies around 115000 µm² and it is characterized by a maximum clock frequency of 690MHz.
To avoid frequent conflicts accessing the external memory, a buffer has been internalized into the accelerator. Such a choice has led to shorter execution times but has increased considerably the overall area.
Finally, a way to remove the internal buffer has been studied and the features of this new possible design have been compared to the results obtained for the implemented version of the FFT hardware accelerator.
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Butcher, Isabella. "Design and analysis of cluster randomised trials for behavioural interventions." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400594.
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Bek, Jeremy. "Design, simulation, and testing of an electric propulsion cluster frame." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300970.
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In general, electric propulsion offers very high efficiency but relatively low thrust. To remedy this, several ion engines can be assembled in a clustered configuration and operated in parallel. This requires the careful design of a frame to accommodate the individual propulsion systems. This frame must be modular to be used in different cluster sizes, and verify thermal and mechanical requirements to ensure the nominal operation of the thrusters. The present report aims to show the design process of such a frame, from preliminary modelling to the experimental study of a prototype. This document features an overview of the iterative design process driven by thermal simulations rendered on COMSOL Multiphysics. This process led to the conception of a 2-thruster and 4-thruster cluster frame. A lumped-parameter model of the electric propulsion system was also created to model its complex thermal behaviour. In addition, the 2-thruster frame was studied mechanically with analytical calculations and simulations of simple load cases on SolidWorks. Lastly, a prototype based on the 2-thruster frame model was assembled. The prototype was used to conduct temperature measurements while hosting two operating thrusters inside a vacuum chamber. The temperature distribution in the cluster was measured, and compared to simulation results. Thermal simulations of the 2-thruster and 4-thruster frame showed promising results, while mechanical simulations of the 2-thruster version met all requirements. Moreover, experimental results largely agreed with thermal simulations of the prototype. Finally, the lumped-element model proved instrumental in calibrating the models, with its high flexibility and quick computation time.Generellt erbjuder elektrisk framdrivning hög verkningsgrad men relativt låg dragkraft. För att avhjälpa detta kan flera jonmotorer sättas samman i en klusterkonfiguration och drivs parallellt. Detta kräver en noggrann utformning av en ram för att rymma de enskilda framdrivningssystemen. Denna ram måste vara modulär för att kunna användas i olika klusterstorlekar och verifiera termiska och mekaniska krav för att säkerställa den nominella driften av motorerna. Föreliggande rapport syftar till att visa designprocessen för en sådan ram, från preliminär modellering till experimentell studie av en prototyp. Detta dokument innehåller en översikt över den iterativa designprocessen, driven av termiska simuleringar gjorda med COMSOL Multiphysics, som ledde till uppfattningen av en 2 motorer och 4 motorer ram. En klumpelementmodell av jonmotorn skapades också för att modellera dess komplexa termiska beteende. Dessutom var den 2 motorer ram studeras mekaniskt med analytiska beräkningar och simuleringar av enkla laddafall med SolidWorks. Slutligen monterades en prototyp baserad på den 2 motorer rammodellen. Prototypen användes för att göra temperaturmätningar medan den är värd för 2 jonmotorer i en vakuumkammare. Temperaturfördelningen i klustret mättes och jämfördes med simuleringsresultat. Termiska simuleringar av den 2 motorer och 4 motorer ramen visade lovande resultat, medan mekaniska simuleringar av den 2 motorer versionen klarade alla krav. Dessutom överensstämde experimentella resultat till stor del med termiska simuleringar av prototypen. Slutligen var klumpelementmodellen mycket användbar för att kalibrera de andra modellerna med sin höga flexibilitet och snabba beräkningstid.
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Johnston, Joshua Benjamin Hamerly Gregory James. "Clustering in high dimension and choosing cluster representatives for SimPoint." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5067.
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Lorenz, Sebastian, Maria Klemm, and Jens Krzywinski. "Hybride Prototypen im Design." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-223677.
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Aus der Einführung:
"Die Verwendung von Prototypen besitzt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Produktentwicklung und im Designprozess (Camere et al. 2016). Wie Camere und Bordegoni feststellen hat sich der Fokus der Designdisziplin auf Funktionalität um die Aspekte der Usability und der User Experience erweitert. Damit einhergehend hat sich auch die Rolle der Prototypen von Funktionsmustern und Präsentationsobjekten um die Funktionen als Evaluierungs- und Versuchsobjekte ergänzt. Die Integration von Nutzern in den Designprozess ist dabei ein weiterer Punkt bei denen Prototypen ein wichtiges Werkzeug zur Kommunikation und kooperativen Arbeit liefert (Schneider 1996). Die Integration von Prototyping-Methoden in den unterschiedlichen Phasen des Designprozesses führt zu unterschiedlichen Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Form und Aufgabe der Prototypen. Entsprechend vielfältig sind die heute verwendeten Arten von Prototyping. ..."
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Santiago, Calderón José Bayoán. "On Cluster Robust Models." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/132.
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Cluster robust models are a kind of statistical models that attempt to estimate parameters considering potential heterogeneity in treatment effects. Absent heterogeneity in treatment effects, the partial and average treatment effect are the same. When heterogeneity in treatment effects occurs, the average treatment effect is a function of the various partial treatment effects and the composition of the population of interest. The first chapter explores the performance of common estimators as a function of the presence of heterogeneity in treatment effects and other characteristics that may influence their performance for estimating average treatment effects. The second chapter examines various approaches to evaluating and improving cluster structures as a way to obtain cluster-robust models. Both chapters are intended to be useful to practitioners as a how-to guide to examine and think about their applications and relevant factors. Empirical examples are provided to illustrate theoretical results, showcase potential tools, and communicate a suggested thought process.
The third chapter relates to an open-source statistical software package for the Julia language. The content includes a description for the software functionality and technical elements. In addition, it features a critique and suggestions for statistical software development and the Julia ecosystem. These comments come from my experience throughout the development process of the package and related activities as an open-source and professional software developer. One goal of the paper is to make econometrics more accessible not only through accessibility to functionality, but understanding of the code, mathematics, and transparency in implementations.
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Thomson, Andrew. "Design and analysis issues in cluster randomised trials with binary outcomes." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498595.
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Gruener, Charles J. "Design and implementation of a computational cluster for high performance design and modeling of integrated circuits /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11204.
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Lopez, Zambrano Juan Enrique <1993>. "THE IMPORTANCE OF CLUSTER AND CLUSTER POLICIES IN THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART SPECIALIZATION STRATEGIES IN THE LATIN-AMERICA REGIONS." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16119.
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The principal aspects that I would like to explain with this dissertation is the importance of Clusters and Clusters Policies in the implementations of Smart Specialization Strategies in Latin-America. Since the Smart Specialization concept has been applied in EU, it has improved in an efficient way the innovation capacities in the various members states’ regions. Moreover, it enhances the dialogues and communication processes between different areas; it enables that each region may identify and develop its own competitive advantages, thanks to an innovative approach that aims to boost growth and future jobs demand. Also, thanks to the data collected by the European Commission, it can been observed that over 120 smart specialization strategies have been developed across EU, expecting to achieve by 2020 the accomplishment of bring 15.000 new products to european and worldwide markets, creating a sort of 140.000 new start-ups and around 35.000 new jobs.
On the other hand, Clusters have been considered among years as relevant contributors for the support and enhancement of industrial modernization and innovation, especially for SME. Thanks to the develop of industrial cluster in EU, the european competitiveness has grown potentially, the implementation of new technologies and innovative business models have been the key for the creation of innovative products, processes and services. It is for this reason, that in this dissertation I would like to explain more in deep, why Clusters play a fundamental role for the success of Smart Specializations.
Moreover, it is also needed to take into consideration the policies that have intervened for the Cluster’s support. The policy intervention can boost an increase in industrial development and innovation’s improvement
Taking into consideration all these characteristics, I have considered an analysis of all these competitive advantages in a region outside Europe, the Latin-America region; since EU has always deemed a good target for the implementation of smart specialization strategies, because of the important innovation capacities that this region can accomplish. It would be important to analyze in a deep way how all these achievements have been reached or are in a process of success in countries like: Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, among others.
It is crucial to recognize that the target is completely different from the european model; since the cultural, political, economic aspects till the human and moral behavior of people. Moreover, it is important to evaluate and understand the socio-economic and contextual differences between EU – Latin-America. Also, to understand the way of how Clusters and their policies have been working among these years, is extremely important, because it can help to know how to implement in an efficient way the smart specializations, getting common tendencies that will create a frame of cooperation between both regions.
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Gurellier, Ozlem. "Design Of A Performance Measurement Model For Industrial Clusters In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612793/index.pdf.
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Despite the advantages and dominance of globalization in today&rsquos world economics
clusters, as a regional based development tool, still attract many researchers and policy makers from all over the world in order to obtain sustainable competitiveness. As a result of fast rising number of cluster development policies and initiatives, the importance of measuring the performance of clusters arises. The purpose of this thesis is to design a performance measurement model, which will be applied to industrial clusters in Turkey. A model framework is developed, based on expected outcomes of clusters which are classified as productivity, innovativeness, new business formations and social capital. Indicators are selected based on extensive literature survey under these four determinants, and a scorecard is developed. After the design phase, the performance of two cluster cases from Turkey is studied. In order to improve clustering approach, it is important to monitor, measure identify the progress of clusters. It is believed that this work will be utile for policy makers to identify whether the interventions, incentives and promotions are beneficial for the desired purposes and whether they are used effectively.
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Kantheti, Vinod. "Design of an efficient checkpointing-recovery algorithm for distributed cluster computing environment /." Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1079672401&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Flynn, Terry Nicholas. "Design and analysis of randomised controlled trials : economic aspects of cluster randomisation." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393952.
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Ang, Boon Seong 1966. "Design and implementation of a multi-purpose cluster system network interface unit." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80041.
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Ferrer, Pérez Joan Lluís. "DESIGN OF EFFICIENT PACKET MARKING-BASED CONGESTION MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR CLUSTER INTERCONNECTS." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/18197.
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El crecimiento de los computadores paralelos basados en redes de altas prestaciones ha aumentado el interés y esfuerzo de la comunidad investigadora en desarrollar nuevas técnicas que permitan obtener el mejor rendimiento de estas redes. En particular, el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas que permitan un encaminamiento eficiente y que reduzcan la latencia de los paquetes, aumentando así la productividad de la red. Sin embargo, una alta tasa de utilización de la red podría conllevar el que se conoce como "congestión de red", el cual puede causar una degradación del rendimiento.
El control de la congestión en redes multietapa es un problema importante que no está completamente resuelto. Con el fin de evitar la degradación del rendimiento de la red cuando aparece congestión, se han propuesto diferentes mecanismos para el control de la congestión. Muchos de estos mecanismos están basados en notificación explícita de la congestión. Para este propósito, los switches detectan congestión y dependiendo de la estrategia aplicada, los paquetes son marcados con la finalidad de advertir a los nodos origenes. Como respuesta, los nodos origenes aplican acciones correctivas para ajustar su tasa de inyección de paquetes.
El propósito de esta tesis es analizar las diferentes estratégias de detección y corrección de la congestión en redes multietapa, y proponer nuevos mecanismos de control de la congestión encaminados a este tipo de redes sin descarte de paquetes. Las nuevas propuestas están basadas en una estrategia más refinada de marcaje de paquetes en combinación con un conjunto de acciones correctivas justas que harán al mecanismo capaz de controlar la congestión de manera efectiva con independencia del grado de congestión y de las condiciones de tráfico.Ferrer Pérez, JL. (2012). DESIGN OF EFFICIENT PACKET MARKING-BASED CONGESTION MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR CLUSTER INTERCONNECTS [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/18197
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Copeland, Kathryn. "External Design Elements on Yellow Ware Bowls from the Homol'ovi Settlement Cluster." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192306.
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Shim, Young Hak. "Design of a cluster analysis heuristic for the configuration and capacity management of manufacturing cells." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5905.
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This dissertation presents the configuration and capacity management of manufacturing cells using cluster analysis. A heuristic based on cluster analysis is developed to solve cell formation in cellular manufacturing systems (CMS). The clustering heuristic is applied for cell formation considering processing requirement (CFOPR) as well as various manufacturing factors (CFVMF). The proposed clustering heuristic is developed by employing a new solving structure incorporating hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering methods. A new similarity measure is constructed by modifying the Jarccard similarity and a new assignment algorithm is proposed by employing the new pairwise exchange method. In CFOPR, the clustering heuristic is modified by adding a feedback step and more exact allocation rules. Grouping efficacy is employed as a measure to evaluate solutions obtained from the heuristic. The clustering heuristic for CFOPR was evaluated on 23 test problems taken from the literature in order to compare with other approaches and produced the best solution in 18 out of 23 and the second best in the remaining problems. These solutions were obtained in a considerably short time and even the largest test problem was solved in around one and a half seconds. In CFVMF, the machine capacity was first ensured, and then manufacturing cells were configured to minimize intercellular movements. In order to ensure the machine capacity, the duplication of machines and the split of operations are allowed and operations are assigned into duplicated machines by the largest-first rule. The clustering heuristic for CFVMF proposes a new similarity measure incorporating processing requirement, material flow and machine workload and a new machine-part matrix representing material flow and processing time assigned to multiple identical machines. Also, setup time, which has not been clearly addressed in existing research, is discussed in the solving procedure. The clustering heuristic for CFVMF employs two evaluation measures such as the number of intercellular movements and grouping efficacy. In two test problems taken from the literature, the heuristic for CFVMF produced the same results, but the trade-off problem between the two evaluation measures is proposed to consider the goodness of grouping.
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You, Zhiying. "Power and sample size of cluster randomized trials." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009r/you.pdf.
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Dong, Ranran. "Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Controlled Trials for Three-Level Data: Design and Evaluation." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1514492341281384.
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Li, Jeffrey. "Integrated High Frequency Transformer Design Virtual Laboratory." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/380060.
Full textAbstract:
The High Frequency Coaxial Transformer (HFCT) has been successfully used in
many areas. It has many benefits and advantages compared with other transformer
products. Thus, demand for HFCT design and device development is increasing.
Conventionally, all the related design procedures for the HFCT rely on the
implementation of electromagnetic equations on paper. The device model needs to be
manually drawn by an engineer and simulated with software. There is no existing
software that can help the engineer to design the device and automatically build the
model. On the other hand, the simulation and optimization for the device requires
hardware resources, and a personal computer is limited in this regard. Even if the
device is developed and the prototype is made, the device still needs to pass EMC
testing in order to be labelled. However, many research groups and companies cannot
afford to build an EMC lab.
A solution is proposed to solve the above issues. The HF transformer design
virtual laboratory is developed and tested. It is a computer-based system, which
provides the following:
1. Computer software, which can be used to design, model, simulate and
optimize a HF transformer device. It is based on computational electromagnetics and
numerical geometric techniques. The engineer can use the software to adjust the
device structure and obtain a FEM simulation result.
2. A cluster system, which can provide a high performance and high availability
computing environment to support the transformer design software. It provides
convenient services to the end-user, such as remote access, shared resources,
collaborative work and parallel computing.
3. A 3D scanning system, which can pre-test the device before sending it to the EMC lab. It is a much cheaper system compared to building an EMC testing lab.
Many case studies have been used to test the design virtual laboratory. The
system successfully proves its capability in device design, simulation and testing. By
using the system, the engineer can develop a reliable HF transformer device in a short
development time period, compared with the conventional HF transformer device
design method.
Although, an experienced engineer can deliver a well-designed HF transformer
as well. The advantage of the integrated HF transformer design laboratory is that, the
system is not only provide design function, but also the modelling, simulation,
optimization and measurement functions as well. It provides a convenient method to design a HF device from the sketch to the prototype.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Lorenz, Sebastian, Maria Klemm, and Jens Krzywinski. "Hybride Prototypen im Design." Technische Universität Dresden, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A30283.
Full textAbstract:
Aus der Einführung:
"Die Verwendung von Prototypen besitzt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Produktentwicklung und im Designprozess (Camere et al. 2016). Wie Camere und Bordegoni feststellen hat sich der Fokus der Designdisziplin auf Funktionalität um die Aspekte der Usability und der User Experience erweitert. Damit einhergehend hat sich auch die Rolle der Prototypen von Funktionsmustern und Präsentationsobjekten um die Funktionen als Evaluierungs- und Versuchsobjekte ergänzt. Die Integration von Nutzern in den Designprozess ist dabei ein weiterer Punkt bei denen Prototypen ein wichtiges Werkzeug zur Kommunikation und kooperativen Arbeit liefert (Schneider 1996). Die Integration von Prototyping-Methoden in den unterschiedlichen Phasen des Designprozesses führt zu unterschiedlichen Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Form und Aufgabe der Prototypen. Entsprechend vielfältig sind die heute verwendeten Arten von Prototyping. ..."
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Peters, Adam J. "Implementing simulation design of experiments and remote execution on a high performance computing cluster." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Sep%5FPeters.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Sanchez, Paul. "September 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on October 23, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-89). Also available in print.
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Desai, Jitamitra. "Solving Factorable Programs with Applications to Cluster Analysis, Risk Management, and Control Systems Design." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28211.
Full textAbstract:
Ever since the advent of the simplex algorithm, linear programming (LP) has been extensively used with great success in many diverse fields. The field of discrete optimization came to the forefront as a result of the impressive developments in the area of linear programming. Although discrete optimization problems can be viewed as belonging to the class of nonconvex programs, it has only been in recent times that optimization research has confronted the more formidable class of continuous nonconvex optimization problems, where the objective function and constraints are often highly nonlinear and nonconvex functions, defined in terms of continuous (and bounded) decision variables. Typical classes of such problems involve polynomial, or more general factorable functions.
This dissertation focuses on employing the Reformulation-Linearization Technique (RLT) to enhance model formulations and to design effective solution techniques for solving several practical instances of continuous nonconvex optimization problems, namely, the hard and fuzzy clustering problems, risk management problems, and problems arising in control systems.
Under the umbrella of the broad RLT framework, the contributions of this dissertation focus on developing models and algorithms along with related theoretical and computational results pertaining to three specific application domains. In the basic construct, through appropriate surrogation schemes and variable substitution strategies, we derive strong polyhedral approximations for the polynomial functional terms in the problem, and then rely on the demonstrated (robust) ability of the RLT for determining global optimal solutions for polynomial programming problems. The convergence of the proposed branch-and-bound algorithm follows from the tailored branching strategy coupled with consistency and exhaustive properties of the enumeration tree. First, we prescribe an RLT-based framework geared towards solving the hard and fuzzy clustering problems. In the second endeavor, we examine two risk management problems, providing novel models and algorithms. Finally, in the third part, we provide a detailed discussion on studying stability margins for control systems using polynomial programming models along with specialized solution techniques.
Ph. D.
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Ganesan, Sharan Kumaar. "Design and Implementation of Digital Spiking Neurons for Ultra-low-Power In-cluster processors." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-198115.
Full textAbstract:
Neuromorphic computing is a recent and growing field of research. Its conceptual attractiveness is due to the potential it has in deep learning applications such as sensor networks, low-power computer vision, robotics and other fields. Inspired by the functioning of brain, different neural network models have been devised, each with their own special focus on certain applications. Using such computing models are already helping us in different cases such as image, character and voice recognition, data analysis, stock market prediction, etc. Among the multitude of artificial neural models available, spiking neurons are more deeply inspired by biological neural networks. Leaky, Integrate and Fire (LIF) neuron model is one such model that can reproduce a good number of functions, be simple and also extensible in structure. Current deep learning applications are tied to servers and datacenters for their power and resource hungry existence. This work aims at building a low power neuron core taking advantage of LIF neuron, that could possible result in independent battery powered devices. A hardware design of LIF neuron based scalable neural core is explored, constructed and analysis for power consumption is made.
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Koop, Matthew J. "High-Performance Multi-Transport MPI Design for Ultra-Scale InfiniBand Clusters." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243581928.
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Bellesia, Filippo. "Design, Implementation and Verification of the End of Line Test for an Automotive Instrument Cluster." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textAbstract:
The topic of this work of thesis is the development of the End of Line test process
for a sport car instrument cluster. There will be insights into the production process
of the system and the machinery that is available for the execution of the test, as
well as deeper analysis on the product itself and its failure modes. The exposition
will then follow a more practical course, regarding the actual way in which every
part of the test is engineered and implemented, starting from the electrical tests to
the optical ones, highlighting the main issues and the timings of the whole process.
Directly after the end of the test design there will be a short in-depth analysis on
the validation process, which involves injecting artificial faults in the device in order
to validate the test itself. Eventually we will fast forward to the completed test and
analyze its performances around some key statistical indicators with the purpose of
verifying both the production and the testing processes capabilities. In conclusion
you will find a brief description of a new software tool designed to assist the testing
engineer in the composition of the test sequence, complete with the description of
its features and the presentation of an early prototype.
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Mohamed, Esha [Verfasser], and Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Münnich. "Design-based and model-based estimation in adaptive cluster sampling / Esha Mohamed ; Betreuer: Ralf Münnich." Trier : Universität Trier, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1197807535/34.
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Gabriel, Matthew Frederick. "An Expanded Speedup Model for the Early Phases of High Performance Computing Cluster (HPCC) Design." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/22053.
Full textAbstract:
The size and complexity of many scientific and enterprise-level applications require a high degree of parallelization in order to produce outputs within an acceptable period of time. This often necessitates the uses of high performance computing clusters (HPCCs) and parallelized applications which are carefully designed and optimized. A myriad of papers study the various factors which influence performance and then attempt to quantify the maximum theoretical speedup that can be achieved by a cluster relative to a sequential processor.
The studies tend to only investigate the influences in isolation, but in practice these factors tend to be interdependent. It is the interaction rather than any solitary influence which normally creates the bounds of the design trade space. In the attempt to address this disconnect, this thesis blends the studies into an expanded speedup model which captures the interplay. The model is intended to help the cluster engineer make initial estimates during the early phases of design while the system is not mature enough for refinement using timing studies.
The model pulls together factors such as problem scaling, resource allocation, critical sections, and the problem's inherent parallelizability. The derivation was examined theoretically and then validated by timing studies on a physical HPCC. The validation studies found that the model was an adequate generic first approximation. However, it was also found that customizations may be needed in order to account for application-specific influences such as bandwidth limitations and communication delays which are not readily incorporated into a generic model.Master of Science
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李宗豪. "Design and Implementation of Cluster Object Cache System." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55830314348404453728.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
92
Cache is the bridge among high-speed equipment and low-speed equipment to fetch quickly. One's own purpose lies in storing the materials in having better equipment of time of response, prevent from to low-speed equipment deposit and withdraw relatively, for instance L1/L2 cache , file fetching , proxy cache ,etc. soon. With the flourishing development of the network, such as Gigabit, Myrinet, InfiniBand, NPU ,etc., the transmission speed of the network is day by day quickly, though the speed that and the machinery , such as hard disk ,etc. are equipped makes progress, but and the progress of the high-speed network wants to be more limited than really, and the hard disk deposits and withdraw the bottleneck often causing whole systematic efficiency. Fetch the materials in the storing device of other computers quickly through the high-speed network, more efficient than the ones that read and fetched more directly from the hard disk. So, the thesis in explain main fact how in one made up by PC system of gathering together etc., design and make fetching the administrative system quickly of a wide area in fact. Our purpose fetches and manages intermediary's software quickly in the storing device of a single , unanimous and dispersing type of using lying in the operating system. With this intermediary software, the application program can receives the advantage from the gathering together type systematic storing device and can get more storing device that can be useds , even a gathering together type system made up by different operating systems. This intermediary software combine whole of person who gather together system fetch person who store soon (mean file fetch soon here), as to application program, it was only a large-scale and only read fetching the space quickly that was seen. All application program share the file and fetch quickly through this system, do not need to safeguard fetching quickly by oneself again , but avoid duplicating repeatedly. We have already made this intermediary software in fact in a PC gathering together type system joined by Gigabit high-speed network, and its operating system includes Linux and Microsoft Windows NT. In the experiment, a webpage server efficiency of having a large number of files of our actual measurement, having avoided losing most disk drives to read in because the result, the efficiency of the successful improvement webpage server, with the gathering together type increase with nodal system, efficiency can present growth of 1 to 2.5 times .
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Xiao, Shan. "Bayesian design and analysis of cluster randomized trials." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/14611.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Cluster randomization is frequently used in clinical trials for convenience of inter ventional implementation and for reducing the risk of contamination. The opera tional convenience of cluster randomized trials, however, is gained at the expense of reduced analytical power. Compared to individually randomized studies, cluster randomized trials often have a much-reduced power. In this dissertation, I consider ways of enhancing analytical power with historical trial data. Specifically, I introduce a hierarchical Bayesian model that is designed to incorporate available information from previous trials of the same or similar interventions. Operationally, the amount of information gained from the previous trials is determined by a Kullback-Leibler divergence measure that quantifies the similarity, or lack thereof, between the histor ical and current trial data. More weight is given to the historical data if they more closely resemble the current trial data. Along this line, I examine the Type I error rates and analytical power associated with the proposed method, in comparison with the existing methods without utilizing the ancillary historical information. Similarly, to design a cluster randomized trial, one could estimate the power by simulating trial data and comparing them with the historical data from the published studies. Data analytical and power simulation methods are developed for more general situations of cluster randomized trials, with multiple arms and multiple types of data following the exponential family of distributions. An R package is developed for practical use of the methods in data analysis and trial design.
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Chang, Chai-Jui, and 張家睿. "Leap rank SIP hierarchical gatekeeper Cluster integrated design." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44536521828228785736.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南台科技大學
電子工程系
95
This paper proposes SIP Cluster of leap rank with hierarchical Gatekeeper. And the major communicated structure of SIP is utilized by self developed with going across of hierarchical Gatekeeper, proxy server、conveyer server, etc…, so it can enhance the examination of speed rate and detect the status of communication steadily. The integrated cluster of SIP module can maximum the number of people who are communicating by phone simultaneously to approach high-speed connective capability between across area and small-scale of SIP module . E1 Gamal encryption as an application for communication security that Java + XML can be utilized to communicate with the design of character and database in order to transfer letter in brief and leave sound message via individual communicated module. At the same time, to transfer information steadily for confirmation between each other that it can come down the cost and have better quality and security while the process of reorganization of Gatekeeper is being proceeded. Therefore, to expand the IP-phone implicated ambit that can be related to the structure of sender and receiver via getting united with functional difference to achieve the effective management.
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Kim, Jin-ha. "Design and analysis of cluster-based web servers." 2005. http://www.etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1074/index.html.
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紀森炫. "Analysis and Object-oriented Design for Cluster Tool Simulator." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56652161833303578751.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
機械工程系
90
This paper focuses on cluster tool controller software verification. Following the concept of hardware in the loop, we use the unified modeling language to design the object oriented in-time cluster tool simulator. In addition, we analyzed each of the design factors for the simulator, not only to save the design time, but also allow the simulator to have functions of normal response, hardware failure, and communication failure. This makes the simulator verify the controller software conveniently and correctly.
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林家守. "An Application of Cluster-Based Design in 3D IC." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46103837059707370212.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
資訊工程學系
99
With the progress of Integrated Circuit (IC) fabrication, the amount of transistors in a IC is getting more and more. To reduce the metal layer the three-dimensional IC (3D IC) is developed to replace traditional IC (2D IC). In 3D IC, layer-to-layer uses Through-Silicon-Via (TSV) to transmission signal. At first we model the circuit as a hypergraph. Then we use the concept of cluster to produce initial cut. After initial cut, we build a Bucket structure to store node’s gain. To avoid all the nodes move to the same cluster, we set a formula to sure all of the area of the cluster are balance. In refined cut, we choose the node with highest gain from Bucket and move to appointed cluster. After refined cut, the initiative layers and the amount of TSVs will be decided. By sequential search, we choose the lowest amount of TSVs. Last, there are some formulas and variables to estimate the cost of 2D IC and 3D IC. The experimental results show the amount of TSVs that partition to two to five layers. Compare with the cost of 2D IC and 3D IC, the cost of 3D IC is cheaper with fewer nodes. Our algorithm is not complexity and hard. In future we will focus on research the algorithm that can process the circuit with more than ten thousand cells and we can obtain lower cost compare with 2D IC.
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Lin, Ting-Wei, and 林庭瑋. "An ALU Cluster Design for Media Streaming Processors Architecture." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50487856973796875746.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電信工程系所
94
Recent research has proposed using streaming architecture to provide a leap in media applications that are poorly matched to conventional processor architecture. Besides, low power considerations are becoming an important issue for mobile systems, but streaming architecture solutions do not fit in above requirements. Therefore, in this research, a combination of media streaming architecture and low power circuitry design methodology is proposed. An ALU Cluster design for media streaming architecture is presented in this thesis, which is based on Stanford Imagine stream architecture with the consideration of implementation feasibility. The back-end simulation results decide the final micro-architecture of each component, and utilize communication bandwidth hierarchy design to effectively solve the problem of scarce memory bandwidth. The experimental results show that the power and energy consumption of selected benchmark for multimedia and baseband communication systems become scalable by dynamic selecting the number of utilized ALU Clusters. Thus, the instant performance and energy consumption of an entire work can be optimized for mobile systems. The proposed design has provided a breakthrough for similar architectures.
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Tseng, Chin-Chieh, and 曾勁潔. "Design and Implementation of Adaptive MP4 Cluster Streaming System." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30896157036371728433.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
資訊工程學系碩博士班
92
With rapid growth of the internet, we can reach rich multimedia data by the internet easily. For example, VOD (Video on Demand)、E-Learning、Video Conference …, etc. Specially, the streaming technology makes the real time media playback possible. However, the internet is a best-effort network. In other words, the QoS cannot be always satisfied under the limited bandwidth in the internet. In the video streaming system, the multimedia data are transported by the RTP protocol which is based on UDP. The UDP is a non-connection protocol, the data-transporting may subject to the congestion under such environment. Therefore, we develop a mechanism in the application-layer QoS for the congestion. This mechanism can handle the congestion problem on the server, whether the congestion occurs on the client-side due to the insufficient bandwidth, or on the server-side due to the overload of user connections. The mechanism can adapt the transmission rate to reduce packet loss, and also can avoid the frame-dropping or pause due to out-of-date frame arisen from delay. In the thesis, we also propose a MOD-based selected-frame-discard algorithm to meet the application-layer QoS. The algorithm can avoid the continuous frame loss so that the playback can be smoother. Experimental results also confirm the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
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Hsieh, Tsai-Hao, and 謝才晧. "Design of Bus Guide APP with the Cluster Analysis." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67503213722380766784.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
103
For nowadays society, travel is a major point in the life of leisure. Travel have to go to the famous popular scenic spots or restaurants. Scenic spots are mostly belonging to unknown places. The moment when we cannot understand famous popular scenic spots is a trouble. Talking about travel, we also will think of traffic and time planning, so we have to understand the popular scenic spots and traffic is an important issue on a tour. In this thesis, we design a bus guide system with the cluster analysis function. In the client side, we use the Android Studio to develop the user interface. In the server side, we adopt Javascript to catch the user query to provide the bus route information. In addition, we also keep truck of the user bus route based on the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) to store data as much as possible. Finally, we apply R language to perform the cluster analysis using the data of HDFS. The analysis results can provide the valuable information about which places visited by many people.
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Lin, Shih-kai, and 林士凱. "Optical Design and Verification of Cluster LED Roadway Lighting." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37065351470042167590.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
光電科學研究所
99
In this thesis, we construct a precise cluster LED optical model verified by normalized cross correlation in mid-field. Based on this optical model, we design a high efficiency lens which performs wide divergent-angle distribution. The lens can be applied in luminaires for roadway lighting and its emitted target area fits in with medium distribution of IESNA roadway lighting standard. Finally, we mock up the lens for verification, and then we analyze the reliability of the luminaire.
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Hsu, Chen-Chun, and 許臣君. "Fingerprint Recognition System Design via Fuzzy Cluster Orientation Method." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74631061883411173370.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
電機工程學系碩士班
95
Now, people’s life are getting more and more complicated in this diversified society. In many situations, keeping secret safely and identifying recognition are quite important. In early days, people kept secret by using secret code and keys and recognized identifications by seals and signatures. But these ways are inconvenient and easily lost, forgotten and stolen. Because the characters of human bodies can not be copied, scientists have explored the possibility of biological characteristics as a personal identification tool. In the field of Biometric recognitions, fingerprints because of their own uniqueness and invariance which have very high reliability. And it has widely used in protection systems because of the advantage of the lower development cost. Most identification methods depend on the locations and numbers of ridge endings and bifurcations. If we can get the fingerprint flow field exactly, it will be easy to find out the minutiae and singular points. As the result, there are many scholars propose many ways to calculate flow. The ways mostly used are Slite-Sum methods proposed by Stock and Swonger. The fingerprint flow is got by using gradient. Most of the fingerprint verification systems would including normalization, noise filter, calculate fingerprint flow direction, Gabor filter, detect the positions of the singular points and minutiae, as a basis for the later verification. But, if we have a huge database of fingerprint, the whole efficiency of compare is the most frequently denounced, therefore, here is a new fingerprint flow algorithm bring up in this thesis to compute the fingerprint flow field, for the purpose of selecting fingerprint core more accurate and correcting the offset and rotation of the fingerprint, in the end, use the membership grade by calculate flow field to set up file or use the compute of Euclidean distance to build up the compare of the fingerprint database, that will promote the accuracy by a wide margin and accomplish the efficiency and the accuracy in the hardware of the fingerprint identification in the future.
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Liao, Yu-tien, and 廖榆恬. "The Design of Fault Tolerance of Cluster Computing Platform." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62638831726857133954.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
資訊工程學系研究所
100
If nodes got failed in a distributed application service, it will not only pay more cost to handle with these results missing, but also make scheduler cause additional loadings. For whole results don’t recalculated cause by fault occurs, it will be recalculated data of fault nodes in backup machines. Therefore, this paper uses three methods: N + N nodes, N + 1 nodes, and N + 1 nodes with probability to experiment and analyze their pros and cons, the third way gives jobs weight before assigning them, and converts weight into probability and nice value(defined by SLURM[1]) to influence scheduler’s decision of jobs’ order. When fault occurs, calculating in normal nodes’ results will back to control node, and then the fault node’s jobs are going to be reassigned or not be reassigned to backup machine for getting complete results. Finally, we will analyze these three ways good and bad.
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Lin, Yi-Peng, and 林義鵬. "Design and Implementation of the Vehicle Cluster Testing System." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6erz56.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
車輛工程系碩士班
101
Recent years, vehicle cluster integration with CAN-bus communication. Mass production case of feeding and assembling that need manpower testing to ensure product quality. Therefore, develop a simple vehicle cluster testing system to reduce error of manual testing and waste of manpower. This article describes design of vehicle cluster testing system that using windows interface software of visual C++ MFC. Development vehicle cluster visual Image detection technology that using image processing software by OpenCV, to identification of pointer angle and light display. In addition, create a database of test data to generate frequency, voltage, resistance, I/O signal. To provide test different vehicle cluster. This system can save, print test data report. The system has universal detection with different testing needs, self learning and teaching about parameter setting. The test results show using this system to assist in automatic detection can improve detection efficiency, reduce error of manual testing, and improve the detection quality .This system worth companies to use.
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Barker, Daniel. "Design and analysis of stepped wedge cluster randomised trials." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1355376.
Full textAbstract:
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)This thesis explores aspects of the design and analysis of stepped wedge cluster randomised trials from a statistical viewpoint. It contains a review of current research practices when the design is used in the field and also explores the existing methodological research into the design. It was found that stepped wedge trials often have few clusters (45% < 10 clusters) and a binary outcome (62%). Following this there are three simulation studies presented that aim to explore the use of binary outcome measures in stepped wedge trials with few clusters. The first simulation study examines the different ways in which data from a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial with repeated cross-sections might be analysed. This study also explores the minimum number of clusters needed for consistent and reliable inference under ideal circumstances: such as equal cluster sizes, a time trend that is truly linear, and an intervention effect that is identical for every cluster. For a stepped wedge cluster randomised with 3 steps we found that randomising less than 6 clusters led to estimation problems for all methods of analysis. The second simulation study compares the existing power and sample size determination method for stepped wedge cluster randomised trials to the statistical power of simulated data using the same assumptions. The aim of this study was to see how well the use of Normal approximations in the case of a binary outcome worked for formula based approaches when few clusters were available for analysis. As these approximations became less appropriate, formula based approaches consistently overestimated stepped wedge trial power. The final simulation study is about stepped wedge cluster randomised trials in which cohorts of participants are repeatedly measured. Both closed cohorts, where the same participants are followed throughout the trial, and open cohorts, where participants may enter into the trial at any point, are considered. The effect on study power of different values for the level two and level three variation for both designs is explored. Given the same number of participants per cluster per time, there was generally little difference between the open cohort and closed cohort design for the correlation values we used.
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Liu, Chin-Yuan, and 劉金原. "Design of a Secured Hard Disk Storage System by the Cluster Mapping Method (II)— Reset of Cluster Mapping." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85901573230952055901.
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Tzay-Farn, Shih. "Location-Aware Cluster-Based Routing Protocol Design for Wireless Networks." 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-2107200615001600.
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Tsao, Hung-Tai, and 曹洪泰. "Communication Interface Design for Cluster Tools with Generic Equipment Model." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6tmtw6.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
工學院碩士在職專班精密與自動化工程學程
92
In this thesis, communication interface software confirming to SEMI standard E30 - Generic Equipment Model (GEM) is developed. The developed interface is responsible for the communication between Host computer and Cluster Tool Controller (CTC). The main goal of this software is to let Host and CTC communicate with each other under the same communication interface structure so that Host can collect processing data from CTC very easily and furthermore, Host can manage these Cluster Tools based on these collected data. In the development of this software, the concepts Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) and Design Patterns are involved to maintain flexible and reusable software architecture. Since the UML is adopted for OOAD and Java language is used for programming, the developed software can be applied to other different types of equipment controllers with few modifications. Finally, the developed software is linked to Host and CTC to test its capacity and performance, and the results are presented as well.
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Shih, Tzay-Farn, and 施再繁. "Location-Aware Cluster-Based Routing Protocol Design for Wireless Networks." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21609421738201478201.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
94
Abstract Wireless networking offers freedom moving around the effective transmission area and the flexibility and easy to use function for Internet application. The advancement in wireless communication and portable computing devices has made mobile computing possible. A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an infrastructureless network with no fixed routers, hosts, or wireless base stations. Nodes of these networks function as routers, which discover and maintain routes to other nodes in the network. Routing protocols used in conventional wired networks are not suited to the mobile environment due to the considerable overhead produced by periodic route update messages and their slow convergence to topological changes. In ad hoc wireless networks, energy is a nonrenewable resource that a mobile node has a finite, monotonically decreasing energy store. These networks are power constrained because nodes operate with restricted battery power. Energy consumption at the network interface is an issue for all mobile computing devices. To minimize energy consumption in portable communication devices has been one of the major design goals for wireless networks. Minimum energy network design can allow longer battery life and mitigate interference. A network protocol that minimizes energy consumption is a key to low-power wireless networks. The limitation of bandwidth and energy are two challenges facing the design of wireless networks. Clustering enables bandwidth reuse and can, thus, increase system capacity. Cluster-based routing protocol enables better resource allocation and helps to improve power control and system lifetime. It will also enable the cluster heads to pre-process, aggregate and compress their data stream that further reducing energy dissipation. Recently, location-based routing protocol has obtained more attractive. Instead of searching route in the entire network blindly, location-based routing protocol using the location information of mobile nodes to confine the route searching space into a smaller estimated range. The smaller route searching space to be search, the less routing overhead and broadcast storm problem will be induce. In this dissertation, we propose some location-aided cluster-based routing protocols, which use geographical location information provided by positioning device in route discovery and route maintenance procedure. In our protocols, the whole network is partitioned into clusters. The path is constructed in a cluster-by-cluster basis. The performances of our algorithms were studied through extensive simulation. The simulation results reveal that our protocols have outstanding performance. Keywords: Routing Protocol, Location-Aware, Ad hoc Networks, Sensor Networks
50
Tseng, Jin-Shan, and 曾金山. "Design and Implementation of a Load Balancing Web Server Cluster." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54938784273578204045.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
資訊工程學系研究所
93
The Internet has become popular and many traditional services have changed into web service stage by stage. The web server with single architecture is no longer satisfying a large number of user requests and the cluster-based web server architecture becomes another suitable solution. Dispatch mechanism play an important role in web server cluster and there are many load balancing policies have been proposed recently. But, these research has only simulation, performance of these policies operate in a real system is unknown. In these simulation all has an assumption that web traffic is heavy-tailed distribution. However, in our experience, the assumption has changed. Web content has become large because network bandwidth increasing and more and more large files like video、audio and tail software, etc. coming in. We defined this web traffic is a data-intensive workload. In this study, we use a real and data-intensive web site to measure and compare these scheduling policies.