Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cluster design

Academic literature on the topic 'Cluster design'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cluster design"

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Abdulhamid, Mohanad, and Mwalimu Muthami. "Design of Raspberry PI Parallel Processor." Scientific Bulletin 25, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsaft-2020-0009.

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AbstractAs data centers have increased in size, there has been a need to create clusters out of cheaper, more affordable commodity parts that can easily be replaced upon failure, and that create more affordable data centers overall. However, such large clusters are still outside of feasibility for individuals and small businesses. It is a worthwhile exercise to see if much smaller clusters could be created for such applications, and to compare their performance / price measure to that of the previous traditional data centers. For this paper, such a cluster is created using Raspberry Pis which are small-sized, single-board computers. A data sharing model is built in Python using message passing interface (MPI) that ran on the cluster of the four Raspberry Pis. So as to evaluate the performance of the system, some greedy algorithms are created. During the implementation process, previously unknown skills, including how to create a cluster, programming the infrastructure are learnt.
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Huang, He, and Hui Xiao. "Internet Industry Cluster Design Based on PDE Mathematical Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 539 (July 2014): 959–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.539.959.

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The industrial cluster is formed by the common competitiveness elements of enterprise group. Under the cluster environment, common technology and common customer as well as distribution channel are composition of cluster development performance mode. On the basis of the parabolic PDE cluster development model, and combined with Internet industrial cluster analysis of virtual platform, the Internet structure industrial cluster analysis system is designed. In order to verify the validity and reliability of the model and system, this paper takes the cluster development of machining as an example to carry on the research for the system performance, which can get the virtual grid node and stress distribution of cluster processing center, finally we can obtain the industrial cluster investment and performance relationship table, to provide the theoretical guidance for the development of industrial clusters.
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Madrigal, Ana Maria. "Cluster allocation design networks." Bayesian Analysis 2, no. 3 (September 2007): 557–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-ba222.

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Gracey, Fergus, Donna Malley, Adam P. Wagner, and Isabel Clare. "Characterising neuropsychological rehabilitation service users for service design." Social Care and Neurodisability 5, no. 1 (February 4, 2014): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scn-09-2013-0034.

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Purpose – Needs of people following acquired brain injury vary over their life-course presenting challenges for community services, especially for those with “hidden” neuropsychological needs. Characterisation of subtypes of rehabilitation service user may help improve service design towards optimal targeting of resources. This paper aims to characterise a neuropsychologically complex group of service users. Design/methodology/approach – Preliminary data from 35 participants accepted for a holistic neuropsychological rehabilitation day programme were subject to cluster analysis using self-ratings of mood, executive function and brain injury symptomatology. Findings – Analysis identified three clusters significantly differentiated in terms of symptom severity (Cluster 1 least and Cluster 2 most severe), self-esteem (Clusters 2 and 3 low self-esteem) and mood (Cluster 2 more anxious and depressed). The three clusters were then compared on characteristics including age at injury, type of injury, chronicity of problems, presence of pre-injury problems and completion of rehabilitation. Cluster 2 were significantly younger at time of injury, and all had head injury. Research limitations/implications – Results suggest different subgroups of neuropsychological rehabilitation service user, highlighting the importance of early identification and provision of rehabilitation to prevent deterioration, especially for those injured when young. Implications for design of, and research into, community rehabilitation service design for those with “hidden disability” are considered. Originality/value – The paper findings suggests that innovative conceptual frameworks for understanding potentially complex longer term outcomes are required to enable development of tools for triaging and efficient allocation of community service resources.
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Radeva, Irina. "Multi-Criteria Models for Clusters Design." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2013-0003.

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Abstract The paper describes economic agents’ integration in clusters on a predefined technological network. The process is divided and directed by three multi-criteria models. The first one allows selection of economic agents. The second one aims at definition of alternative cluster designs. The third model evaluates the risk of the clusters. The process and models are tested on nineteen economic agents.
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Zhou, Xin, Xiaomei Liao, Lauren M. Kunz, Sharon-Lise T. Normand, Molin Wang, and Donna Spiegelman. "A maximum likelihood approach to power calculations for stepped wedge designs of binary outcomes." Biostatistics 21, no. 1 (August 1, 2018): 102–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biostatistics/kxy031.

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Summary In stepped wedge designs (SWD), clusters are randomized to the time period during which new patients will receive the intervention under study in a sequential rollout over time. By the study’s end, patients at all clusters receive the intervention, eliminating ethical concerns related to withholding potentially efficacious treatments. This is a practical option in many large-scale public health implementation settings. Little statistical theory for these designs exists for binary outcomes. To address this, we utilized a maximum likelihood approach and developed numerical methods to determine the asymptotic power of the SWD for binary outcomes. We studied how the power of a SWD for detecting risk differences varies as a function of the number of clusters, cluster size, the baseline risk, the intervention effect, the intra-cluster correlation coefficient, and the time effect. We studied the robustness of power to the assumed form of the distribution of the cluster random effects, as well as how power is affected by variable cluster size. % SWD power is sensitive to neither, in contrast to the parallel cluster randomized design which is highly sensitive to variable cluster size. We also found that the approximate weighted least square approach of Hussey and Hughes (2007, Design and analysis of stepped wedge cluster randomized trials. Contemporary Clinical Trials 28, 182–191) for binary outcomes under-estimates the power in some regions of the parameter spaces, and over-estimates it in others. The new method was applied to the design of a large-scale intervention program on post-partum intra-uterine device insertion services for preventing unintended pregnancy in the first 1.5 years following childbirth in Tanzania, where it was found that the previously available method under-estimated the power.
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MERZLIKINA, G. S., and I. V. PSHENICHNIKOV. "Forming of an innovative design of industry clusters as basis of preventive crisis regional management." Strategic decisions and risk management, no. 1-2 (June 29, 2017): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2078-8886-2017-1-2-42-49.

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Significant institutional weaknesses of the formation of the management structure of an industry cluster are revealed, the possibility of engineering new structures of governance based on the principles of innovative management is identified. Feature of industrial clusters is the need and necessity of innovation that permeates all structures of the cluster management and all the processes of cluster management and, in turn, creates the preconditions for the formation of business entities the ability to successfully overcome a crisis situation. The purpose of the work is to develop the improved construction of innovational sectorial clustering with the use of effective centralized system of management of cluster business processes, based on diffusion of innovational technologies and their production embodiment. A typical structure of sectorial cluster management does not allow determining goals, tasks, tools, and mechanisms of innovational development of sectorial cluster’s enterprises. Drawbacks of the typical structure of sectorial cluster management are as follows: lack of representation of the scheme of cooperation between cluster members and external environment, format of development of interrelations between cluster’s elements in the sphere of information exchange, movement of material flows and financial resources, lack of formed areas of responsibility and matrices of competences of cluster members in various scenarios of development of external environment.The “structural imbalance” in the system of management of sectorial cluster is determined, which consists in elaboration of production and functional structure and “fuzziness” of responsibility for cluster activities efficiency. The use of the improved innovational construction of sectorial cluster management will eliminate structural imbalance in the process of management of sectorial clusters and increase effectiveness of their activities under the conditions of turbulent development of external environment.
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JENA, P., S. N. KHANNA, and B. K. RAO. "DESIGNING CLUSTERS AS SUPERELEMENTS." Surface Review and Letters 03, no. 01 (February 1996): 993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x96001789.

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Atomic clusters formed by agglomeration of atoms constitute a new state of matter with novel properties which depend uniquely on their size, shape, dimensionality, and composition. If clusters could be designed in such a way that they can retain their structure when assembled into a material form, it is possible to envision a new class of solids with clusters as building blocks. These cluster-assembled materials would exhibit rather uncommon properties, thus enlarging the frontiers of material science. Self-consistent calculations have been carried out to study the effect of composition and geometry on the stability and reactivity of clusters. An understanding of the role that atomic and electronic structure play on cluster-cluster interaction would enable us to design cluster materials. This paper deals with the design guidelines, as well as properties of cluster-assembled crystals. It is shown that clusters designed to mimic the properties of known atoms can be viewed as superelements and thus help extend the limits of the current periodic table.
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Harling, Guy, Rui Wang, Jukka-Pekka Onnela, and Victor De Gruttola. "Leveraging contact network structure in the design of cluster randomized trials." Clinical Trials 14, no. 1 (October 24, 2016): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774516673355.

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Background: In settings like the Ebola epidemic, where proof-of-principle trials have provided evidence of efficacy but questions remain about the effectiveness of different possible modes of implementation, it may be useful to conduct trials that not only generate information about intervention effects but also themselves provide public health benefit. Cluster randomized trials are of particular value for infectious disease prevention research by virtue of their ability to capture both direct and indirect effects of intervention, the latter of which depends heavily on the nature of contact networks within and across clusters. By leveraging information about these networks—in particular the degree of connection across randomized units, which can be obtained at study baseline—we propose a novel class of connectivity-informed cluster trial designs that aim both to improve public health impact (speed of epidemic control) and to preserve the ability to detect intervention effects. Methods: We several designs for cluster randomized trials with staggered enrollment, in each of which the order of enrollment is based on the total number of ties (contacts) from individuals within a cluster to individuals in other clusters. Our designs can accommodate connectivity based either on the total number of external connections at baseline or on connections only to areas yet to receive the intervention. We further consider a “holdback” version of the designs in which control clusters are held back from re-randomization for some time interval. We investigate the performance of these designs in terms of epidemic control outcomes (time to end of epidemic and cumulative incidence) and power to detect intervention effect, by simulating vaccination trials during an SEIR-type epidemic outbreak using a network-structured agent-based model. We compare results to those of a traditional Stepped Wedge trial. Results: In our simulation studies, connectivity-informed designs lead to a 20% reduction in cumulative incidence compared to comparable traditional study designs, but have little impact on epidemic length. Power to detect intervention effect is reduced in all connectivity-informed designs, but “holdback” versions provide power that is very close to that of a traditional Stepped Wedge approach. Conclusion: Incorporating information about cluster connectivity in the design of cluster randomized trials can increase their public health impact, especially in acute outbreak settings. Using this information helps control outbreaks—by minimizing the number of cross-cluster infections—with very modest cost in terms of power to detect effectiveness.
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Lujun, Shang. "Cluster." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 26, no. 1 (January 1991): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/122203.122208.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cluster design"

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Ponish, John S. "Energy conscious decisions for cluster housing." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101251.

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Energy conscious design should become an inherent part of the design process. This study shall present energy conscious guidelines in a format that can be integrated into the decision-making process. The three elements which can be manipulated through this design process are outlined to provide a source of reference for the designer. The passive solar energy systems, the landscaping, and the building form allow an integration and optimization of their inherent components to achieve energy conscious design. The material is specifically formatted to appeal to the designer's need to quickly locate the material and then to easily review its contents. An outline format is maintained throughout the study that remains concise in presentation with abundant references to illustrations. This study does not attempt to fully educate the user on the subjects presented, nor is all the information contained herein. These guidlines attempt to provide a basis for energy conscious design in the decision-making process and to encourage the designer to become more versed in these areas.
M. Arch.
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Chou, Chi-Wu Information Technology &amp Electrical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Evolutionary cluster costing for weapon system early design." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38648.

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The Evolutionary Cluster Costing Methodology (ECCM) is proposed for estimating the cost of designing and producing a weapon system at the early design stage. The issue is related to the particular difficulties which system designers often encounter in the absence of cost data on present system details and historically relevant cases associated with the early development phase of a major acquisition project. This is especially relevant in the military environment. In general, the traditional approach for new system cost estimation is to use parametric methods with data from a number of historical cases. However, when there are limited cases it is difficult to establish appropriate and reliable cost models. As an approach to solving this problem, this research has developed ECCM to generate cost characteristics from only a few or even a single existing case to estimate new system costs. The purpose of ECCM is to extract cost characteristics from an existing system by separating it into mutually independent function clusters. Accordingly, ECCM consists of three essentials: function activity cost tables (FACT), an evolutionary clustering methodology, and cost pattern usages. Based on value engineering and system engineering, a system is made up of a particular group of functions, and each function is further supported by certain activities. Because activities can be represented as resources used for supporting related functions, cost employment among functions can be allocated as FACT. As part of the process, a binary incident matrix is constructed, where the values 1 or 0 represent the existence or non-existence of cost interactions between activity and function in FACT. The binary matrix can easily be deduced to represent the most relevant function clusters. To solve the N-P complete combinatorial problem, evolutionary algorithms and proposed cluster evaluation formulae are integrated into the evolutionary clustering methodology. Once the optimal function clusters have been grouped, the costs that interact among functions and activities can be relisted and rated into ratios within each cluster. Cost patterns can then be determined by activity cost ratios from individual clusters. The cost of a new system can be evaluated by considering each similar cluster as a cost parameter because each cluster represents the cost characteristics of a particular function group. Based on the fact that the technology is evolving gradually and the functions in a cluster are related to each other through certain resource relationships, the cost of new systems or products can be estimated by using those clusters. The cost estimates for the new system are obtained through comparing the needs of technologies or values in similar function clusters of existing systems. A case study from three generations of light-sport helicopters has shown that function and assembly clusters can be used to infer the cost of a new design. The results from the case study demonstrate that: 1) the various functions can be clustered to create a certain number of critical purposes, e.g., engine power or structural strength and safety related tasks; 2) ECCM can be used to estimate empirical costs given the absence of detailed design information; 3) the function and assembly similarities of clusters among systems are statistically significant; 4) the differences of cost ratios in related clusters between systems are not statistically significant; 5) the differences between cluster's estimated costs and actual costs in helicopter L-2 or L-3 are not significant statistically; and 6) the differences between assembly's estimated costs and actual costs in L-2 or L-3 are not significant statistically. The cost ratio patterns of individual clusters can be used to target the activity or assembly budgets for developing new systems.
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LEITE, RODRIGO PEIXOTO. "AUTOMOBILE PANEL: CLUSTER´S DESIGN ACCORDING TO INFORMATIONAL ERGONOMICS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9178@1.

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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
A evolução do design de automóveis possui características interessantes, sob o ponto de vista da relação estético-funcional estabelecida em cada época. No início, os projetos de veículos únicos priorizavam a funcionalidade em detrimento do bem-estar do usuário. Com o tempo, esta maneira de se projetar foi sendo modificada, passando por períodos que valorizaram estritamente o desempenho, a aerodinâmica e a forma para um modelo onde a relação humano-máquina é o centro principal de estudo. Com novos e diferentes modelos de veículos, estes passaram a apresentar variações no posicionamento e projeto de comandos e mostradores, principalmente na região do cluster de direção. Desta forma, o presente estudo objetivou demonstrar que esta variação do posicionamento e de projeto gera confusão e erros de julgamento por parte do usuário, podendo ocasionar graves acidentes e incidentes durante a realização da tarefa, principalmente àquele que não está acostumado com o sistema a ser utilizado. Para comprovar esta hipótese, foi elaborado um estudo que, primeiramente, buscou entender o desenvolvimento dos comandos e mostradores automotivos e o uso de normas e recomendações de projeto para traçar um panorama da disposição das informações no interior dos veículos. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, determinou-se o enfoque na categoria popular. O estudo do surgimento desta categoria, do panorama atual e do perfil do consumidor, contribuiu para se tentar observar o modelo mental dos usuários em relação ao posicionamento dos instrumentos. Para isso foram aplicadas diferentes técnicas, tais como um estudo comparativo dos modelos; a aplicação de questionários com usuários motoristas; e a realização de um grupo focal. O levantamento de dados contemplou ainda a realização de testes em um simulador real de interior de veículo. Outrossim, foi possível observar constrangimentos causados pela variação do projeto e pelo posicionamento de um grupo de comandos/mostradores do cluster e sugerir recomendações para projetos futuros.
The evolution of automobiles design has interesting characteristics, under the point of view of the aesthetic-functionary relation established at each time. In the beginning, the projects of unique vehicles prioritized the functionality in detriment of well-being of the user. As time passed by, this way of projecting were being modified, passing by periods that had strict valued the performance, the aerodynamics and the form for a model which the human being-machine relation is the main center of study. With new and different models of vehicles, these had started to present variations in the positioning and project of commands and counters, mainly in the region of cluster. In this way, the present study aimed to demonstrate that this variation of the positioning and project generates confusion and errors of judgment by the user, and can cause serious accidents and incidents during the accomplishment of the task, mainly to that user that is not familiar with the system to be used. To state this hypothesis, a study was elaborated that, first, searched to understand the automotive development of the commands and counters and the use of norms and recommendations of project to trace a panorama of the disposal of the information in the interior of the vehicles. For the development of the research, the approach in the
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Silva, Gustavo Girão Barreto da. "Resource-aware clustering design for NoC-based MPSoCs." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/95984.

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Atualmente, o paradigma multicore é uma tendência fortemente estabelecida também na área de sistemas embarcados. O grau de paralelismo provido por tal arquitetura tem sido a principal causa de avanços de performance na área além de economia de energia e potência. Entretanto, para obter paralelismo eficiente desta arquitetura não é uma tarefa simples. Assim, desenvolvedores propuseram diversos modelos de ambientes de programação tentando prover o máximo de transparência possível. No nível do hardware, este crescente aumento no número de componentes dentro chip cria um problema de gerenciamento a ser tratado. No contexto deste cenário complexo, esta tese propõe o uso de abordagens de gerenciamento de recursos para aumentar a eficiência, levando em consideração tanto performance quanto consumo de energia, de ambientes MPSoC em diferentes níveis. Além disso, estas abordagens tem em comum a noção de clusterização, a qual tenta agregar recursos logicamente de acordo com as demandas da aplicação. Primeiramente no nível do processador/aplicação, é proposto um hardware dinamicamente adaptável para suportar modelos de programação paralelos distintos sem nenhum sobrecusto computacional uma vez que todo o processo é completamente transparente para o programador. Ainda neste ambiente, onde aplicações distintas podem ser executadas, é proposto um mecanismo de escalonamento visando gerenciamento de recursos para aumentar a performance chamado Processor Clustering. São propostas quatro diferentes políticas de mapeamento de recursos que tiram vantagem de aspectos distintos da natureza paralela das aplicações e das restrições arquiteturais do sistema. Entretanto, algumas aplicações tem demandas de memória mais altas do que demandas computacionais. Logo, uma abordagem similar pode ser utilizada no nível da hierarquia de memória. Neste caso, o objetivo é redistribuir recursos de memória de acordo com as demandas da aplicação. Redistribuição de memória é explorada tanto em tempo de projeto quanto em tempo de execução. Um mecanismo de mapeamento de distribuição é proposto baseado na quantidade de requisições de acesso à memória externa. Finalmente, é proposto um mecanismo de tolerância à falhas baseado em gerenciamento de recursos para memórias distribuídas dentro do chip em NoCs. É introduzido um modelo de Reliability Clustering que tira proveito da infraestrutura da NoC. Neste caso, os roteadores tem conhecimento dos blocos com falhas e blocos redundantes. Baseado neste conhecimento, o mecanismo é capaz evitar altas latências de acesso à memória.
The multicore paradigm is a solid trend nowadays, also in the field of embedded systems. The degree of parallelism provided by such architecture has been the foundation of performance advancements in the field as well as for power and energy savings. However, to obtain efficient parallelism of such architecture is not an easy task. Therefore, developers come up with several proposals of programming environments trying to provide as much transparency as possible. On the hardware side, this increasing number of on-chip components creates a management issue to be handled. In the context of this complex scenario this thesis proposes the use of resource management approaches to improve the efficiency, regarding both performance and energy consumption, of MPSoC environments at different levels. Also, these approaches have in common the notion of clustering, which tries to logically aggregate resources according to application demands. First, at the processor/application level, we propose a dynamically adaptable hardware to support distinct parallel programming models at no computational overhead, since the entire process is completely transparent to the programmer. Also, in this environment, where distinct applications can be executed, we propose a resource-aware scheduling mechanism to improve performance named Processor Clustering. We propose four different resource mapping policies that leverage on distinct aspects of the parallel nature of the applications and on architecture constraints. However, some applications have higher memory demands than computational demands. Therefore, a similar approach can be used at the memory level. In this case, we aim at redistributing memory resources according to application demands. We explore memory redistribution at both design time and runtime and propose a distribution mapping mechanism based on the amount of off-chip memory requests. Finally, we propose a resource-aware fault-tolerance mechanism for distributed on-chip memories in NoCs. We introduce a Reliability Clustering model that leverages on the NoC infrastructure. In this case, the routers have knowledge of faulty blocks and redundancy blocks and, based on that, they are able to avoid higher memory access latency.
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Bertaccini, Luca. "Design of a Cluster-Coupled Hardware Accelerator for FFT Computation." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19806/.

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This thesis is related to the design of a hardware accelerator computing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to be integrated into a PULP cluster. The project has been realized partly at the University of Bologna and partly at ETH Zurich. PULP (Parallel Ultra Low Power) platform is a joint project between the Energy-efficient Embedded Systems (EEES) group of UNIBO and the Integrated Systems Laboratory (IIS) of ETH Zurich that started in 2013. The FFT not only is used in data analytics but also represents a front-end for machine learning and neural networks application. The goal of this accelerator is to speed up these kinds of algorithms and to compute them in an ultra-low-power manner. For the project described in this thesis, the radix-2 DIT (Decimation-in-Time) FFT has been implemented and the whole design has been realized in synthesizable SystemVerilog. Fixed-point arithmetic has been used within the computational part of the accelerator and the correct behavior of this unit has been evaluated making use of some MATLAB scripts. Since the accelerator has been conceived to be integrated into the PULP platform, it has been designed in compliance with the communication protocols implemented on such a board. The performance of the hardware accelerator has then been estimated in terms of area, timing, flexibility, and execution time. It has resulted to be seven times faster than a highly optimized software running FFT on 8 cores. In 22 nm technology, it occupies around 115000 µm² and it is characterized by a maximum clock frequency of 690MHz. To avoid frequent conflicts accessing the external memory, a buffer has been internalized into the accelerator. Such a choice has led to shorter execution times but has increased considerably the overall area. Finally, a way to remove the internal buffer has been studied and the features of this new possible design have been compared to the results obtained for the implemented version of the FFT hardware accelerator.
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Butcher, Isabella. "Design and analysis of cluster randomised trials for behavioural interventions." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400594.

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Bek, Jeremy. "Design, simulation, and testing of an electric propulsion cluster frame." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300970.

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In general, electric propulsion offers very high efficiency but relatively low thrust. To remedy this, several ion engines can be assembled in a clustered configuration and operated in parallel. This requires the careful design of a frame to accommodate the individual propulsion systems. This frame must be modular to be used in different cluster sizes, and verify thermal and mechanical requirements to ensure the nominal operation of the thrusters. The present report aims to show the design process of such a frame, from preliminary modelling to the experimental study of a prototype. This document features an overview of the iterative design process driven by thermal simulations rendered on COMSOL Multiphysics. This process led to the conception of a 2-thruster and 4-thruster cluster frame. A lumped-parameter model of the electric propulsion system was also created to model its complex thermal behaviour. In addition, the 2-thruster frame was studied mechanically with analytical calculations and simulations of simple load cases on SolidWorks. Lastly, a prototype based on the 2-thruster frame model was assembled. The prototype was used to conduct temperature measurements while hosting two operating thrusters inside a vacuum chamber. The temperature distribution in the cluster was measured, and compared to simulation results. Thermal simulations of the 2-thruster and 4-thruster frame showed promising results, while mechanical simulations of the 2-thruster version met all requirements. Moreover, experimental results largely agreed with thermal simulations of the prototype. Finally, the lumped-element model proved instrumental in calibrating the models, with its high flexibility and quick computation time.
Generellt erbjuder elektrisk framdrivning hög verkningsgrad men relativt låg dragkraft. För att avhjälpa detta kan flera jonmotorer sättas samman i en klusterkonfiguration och drivs parallellt. Detta kräver en noggrann utformning av en ram för att rymma de enskilda framdrivningssystemen. Denna ram måste vara modulär för att kunna användas i olika klusterstorlekar och verifiera termiska och mekaniska krav för att säkerställa den nominella driften av motorerna. Föreliggande rapport syftar till att visa designprocessen för en sådan ram, från preliminär modellering till experimentell studie av en prototyp. Detta dokument innehåller en översikt över den iterativa designprocessen, driven av termiska simuleringar gjorda med COMSOL Multiphysics, som ledde till uppfattningen av en 2 motorer och 4 motorer ram. En klumpelementmodell av jonmotorn skapades också för att modellera dess komplexa termiska beteende. Dessutom var den 2 motorer ram studeras mekaniskt med analytiska beräkningar och simuleringar av enkla laddafall med SolidWorks. Slutligen monterades en prototyp baserad på den 2 motorer rammodellen. Prototypen användes för att göra temperaturmätningar medan den är värd för 2 jonmotorer i en vakuumkammare. Temperaturfördelningen i klustret mättes och jämfördes med simuleringsresultat. Termiska simuleringar av den 2 motorer och 4 motorer ramen visade lovande resultat, medan mekaniska simuleringar av den 2 motorer versionen klarade alla krav. Dessutom överensstämde experimentella resultat till stor del med termiska simuleringar av prototypen. Slutligen var klumpelementmodellen mycket användbar för att kalibrera de andra modellerna med sin höga flexibilitet och snabba beräkningstid.
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Johnston, Joshua Benjamin Hamerly Gregory James. "Clustering in high dimension and choosing cluster representatives for SimPoint." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5067.

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Lorenz, Sebastian, Maria Klemm, and Jens Krzywinski. "Hybride Prototypen im Design." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-223677.

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Aus der Einführung: "Die Verwendung von Prototypen besitzt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Produktentwicklung und im Designprozess (Camere et al. 2016). Wie Camere und Bordegoni feststellen hat sich der Fokus der Designdisziplin auf Funktionalität um die Aspekte der Usability und der User Experience erweitert. Damit einhergehend hat sich auch die Rolle der Prototypen von Funktionsmustern und Präsentationsobjekten um die Funktionen als Evaluierungs- und Versuchsobjekte ergänzt. Die Integration von Nutzern in den Designprozess ist dabei ein weiterer Punkt bei denen Prototypen ein wichtiges Werkzeug zur Kommunikation und kooperativen Arbeit liefert (Schneider 1996). Die Integration von Prototyping-Methoden in den unterschiedlichen Phasen des Designprozesses führt zu unterschiedlichen Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Form und Aufgabe der Prototypen. Entsprechend vielfältig sind die heute verwendeten Arten von Prototyping. ..."
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Santiago, Calderón José Bayoán. "On Cluster Robust Models." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/132.

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Cluster robust models are a kind of statistical models that attempt to estimate parameters considering potential heterogeneity in treatment effects. Absent heterogeneity in treatment effects, the partial and average treatment effect are the same. When heterogeneity in treatment effects occurs, the average treatment effect is a function of the various partial treatment effects and the composition of the population of interest. The first chapter explores the performance of common estimators as a function of the presence of heterogeneity in treatment effects and other characteristics that may influence their performance for estimating average treatment effects. The second chapter examines various approaches to evaluating and improving cluster structures as a way to obtain cluster-robust models. Both chapters are intended to be useful to practitioners as a how-to guide to examine and think about their applications and relevant factors. Empirical examples are provided to illustrate theoretical results, showcase potential tools, and communicate a suggested thought process. The third chapter relates to an open-source statistical software package for the Julia language. The content includes a description for the software functionality and technical elements. In addition, it features a critique and suggestions for statistical software development and the Julia ecosystem. These comments come from my experience throughout the development process of the package and related activities as an open-source and professional software developer. One goal of the paper is to make econometrics more accessible not only through accessibility to functionality, but understanding of the code, mathematics, and transparency in implementations.
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Books on the topic "Cluster design"

1

Ionized-cluster beam deposition and epitaxy. Park Ridge, N.J., U.S.A: Noyes Publications, 1988.

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Neil, Klar, ed. Design and analysis of cluster randomization trials in health research. London: Arnold, 2000.

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Peneder, Michael. Creating a coherent design for cluster analysis and related policies: The Austrian "TIP" experience. Wien: Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, 1997.

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Hafner, Thomas. Wohnsiedlungen: Entwürfe, Typen, Erfahrungen aus Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz. Basel: Birkhäuser, 1998.

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Sergio, Drucaroff, ed. Nuevas empresas y emprendedores de moda en Buenos Aires: ¿hacia un cluster de diseño? Los Polvorines, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina: Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento, 2008.

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Cavanna, Carlos Daniel. The design and implementation of a Java virtual machine on a cluster of workstations. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2003.

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Campbell, Michael J., and Stephen J. Walters. How to Design, Analyse and Report Cluster Randomised Trials in Medicine and Health Related Research. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118763452.

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Campbell, Michael J. How to design, analyse and report cluster randomised trials in medicine and health related research. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 2014.

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Willett, Peter. Parallel database processing: Text retrieval and cluster analysis using the DAP. London: Pitman, 1990.

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Colquhoun, Ian. Housing design: An international perspective. London: B.T. Batsford, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cluster design"

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Lemieux, Guy, and David Lewis. "Sparse Cluster Design." In Design of Interconnection Networks for Programmable Logic, 81–100. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4941-0_5.

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Vyas, Uchit. "Deploying Multi-Node Cluster." In Applied OpenStack Design Patterns, 51–63. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2454-0_4.

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Jena, P., S. N. Khanna, and B. K. Rao. "Electronic Structure of Magic Metal Clusters and Cluster Assemblies." In Frontiers in Materials Modelling and Design, 179–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80478-6_17.

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Lang, Jian-Ping, Wen-Hua Zhang, Hong-Xi Li, and Zhi-Gang Ren. "Cluster-Based Supramolecular Compounds from Mo(W)/Cu/S Cluster Precursors." In Design and Construction of Coordination Polymers, 267–306. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470467336.ch10.

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Sonobe, Tetsushi, and Keijiro Otsuka. "Conclusion: Towards the Design of Effective Industrial Development Policies." In Cluster-Based Industrial Development, 220–36. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230295124_10.

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Aten, Pieternella, and Arie Romein. "Place as a guiding principle for spatial design of creative clusters in urban areas." In Creative Cluster Development, 55–65. 1 Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Regions and cities: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429319020-8.

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Supalov, Alexander, Andrey Semin, Michael Klemm, and Christopher Dahnken. "Application Design Considerations." In Optimizing HPC Applications with Intel® Cluster Tools, 247–64. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-6497-2_8.

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Yin, Yong, Ikou Kaku, Jiafu Tang, and JianMing Zhu. "Manufacturing Cells Design by Cluster Analysis." In Data Mining, 207–31. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-338-1_10.

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Zheng, Gang, Kai Ding, and Zhenxing He. "Design of Cluster Safe File System." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 249–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39425-9_31.

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Moerbeek, Mirjam. "Cluster Randomized Trials: Design and Analysis." In Springer Handbook of Engineering Statistics, 705–18. London: Springer London, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-288-1_39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cluster design"

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Gudipaty, Tarun, Luthur S. L. Cheung, Linan Jiang, and Yitshak Zohar. "Cluster Formation and Growth in Flow of Dilute Particle Suspension in Microchannels." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59602.

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Microchannels are susceptible to blockage by solid particles. The lifetime of microfluidic devices depends on their ability to maintain flow without interruption, while certain applications require microdevices for transport of liquids containing particles. In this work, the phenomenon of interest is the formation and growth of clusters in the flow of a dilute suspension of hard spheres. Based on the present experiments, aggregation of clusters was observed for particle-laden flow in a microchannel with particle void fraction as low as 0.001 and particle diameter to channel height ratio as low as 0.1. The incipience and growth of a single cluster is discussed, and the spatial distribution and time evolution of clusters along the microchannel is presented. Although the cluster size seems to be independent of location, higher number of clusters is found at the inlet/outlet regions than in the microchannel center. Similar to individual cluster, the total cluster area in the microchannel grows almost linearly in time. The effects of flow rate, particle size and concentration are also reported.
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Jose, Jithin, Khaled Hamidouche, Xiaoyi Lu, Sreeram Potluri, Jie Zhang, Karen Tomko, and Dhabaleswar K. Panda. "High performance OpenSHMEM for Xeon Phi clusters: Extensions, runtime designs and application co-design." In 2014 IEEE International Conference On Cluster Computing (CLUSTER). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cluster.2014.6968754.

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Jin Xiong, Sining Wu, Dan Meng, Ninghui Sun, and Guojie Li. "Design and performance of the Dawning Cluster File System." In Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing CLUSTR-03. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/clustr.2003.1253320.

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Ying Hu, Tie Ji, and Lu Li. "Social networking service design: from user cluster to service cluster." In 2009 IEEE 10th International Conference on Computer-Aided Industrial Design & Conceptual Design. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/caidcd.2009.5374905.

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Calotoiu, Alexandru, Alexander Graf, Torsten Hoefler, Daniel Lorenz, Sebastian Rinke, and Felix Wolf. "Lightweight Requirements Engineering for Exascale Co-design." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cluster.2018.00038.

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Cao, Zheng, Hongwei Tang, Qiang Li, Bo Li, Fei Chen, Kai Wang, Xuejun An, and Ninghui Sun. "Design of HPC Node with Heterogeneous Processors." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cluster.2011.23.

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Li, Mingzhe, Xiaoyi Lu, Sreeram Potluri, Khaled Hamidouche, Jithin Jose, Karen Tomko, and Dhabaleswar K. Panda. "Scalable Graph500 design with MPI-3 RMA." In 2014 IEEE International Conference On Cluster Computing (CLUSTER). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cluster.2014.6968755.

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Kercher, Michael, and Gary New. "A Supercomputing Center Experience With Cooling Control Design." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cluster49012.2020.00073.

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Zhan, Jianfeng, Lei Wang, Bibo Tu, Zhihong Zhang, Yu Wen, Yuansheng Chen, Wei Zhou, Dan Meng, and Ninghui Sun. "A layered design methodology of cluster system stack." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/clustr.2007.4629256.

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Wang, Zhan, Zheng Cao, Xiaoli Liu, Yong Su, Feilong Liu, and Xuejun An. "Design of Hardware-Based Communication Performance Measurement Tool." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cluster.2012.12.

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Reports on the topic "Cluster design"

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Castleman, Albert. Cluster Dynamics: Laying the Foundation for Tailoring the Design of Cluster ASSE. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1004772.

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Castleman, Jr, and A. W. Cluster Dynamics: Laying the Foundations for Tailoring the Design of Cluster Assembled Nanoscale Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada523433.

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Arslan, Ilke, David A. Dixon, Bruce C. Gates, and Alexander Katz. Dispersed metal cluster catalysts by design. Synthesis, characterization, structure, and performance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1221939.

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Bonnie, Amanda Marie. Experimental Design and Comparative Testing of a Hybrid-Cooled Computer Cluster. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1191113.

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Chandar, Bharat, Ali Hortaçsu, John List, Ian Muir, and Jeffrey Wooldridge. Design and Analysis of Cluster-Randomized Field Experiments in Panel Data Settings. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26389.

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Bonnie, Amanda Marie. Experimental Design and Comparative Testing of a Hybrid-Cooled Computer Cluster Thesis Presentation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1188188.

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Harter, Rachel M., Pinliang (Patrick) Chen, Joseph P. McMichael, Edgardo S. Cureg, Samson A. Adeshiyan, and Katherine B. Morton. Constructing Strata of Primary Sampling Units for the Residential Energy Consumption Survey. RTI Press, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0041.1705.

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The 2015 Residential Energy Consumption Survey design called for stratification of primary sampling units to improve estimation. Two methods of defining strata from multiple stratification variables were proposed, leading to this investigation. All stratification methods use stratification variables available for the entire frame. We reviewed textbook guidance on the general principles and desirable properties of stratification variables and the assumptions on which the two methods were based. Using principal components combined with cluster analysis on the stratification variables to define strata focuses on relationships among stratification variables. Decision trees, regressions, and correlation approaches focus more on relationships between the stratification variables and prior outcome data, which may be available for just a sample of units. Using both principal components/cluster analysis and decision trees, we stratified primary sampling units for the 2009 Residential Energy Consumption Survey and compared the resulting strata.
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Mwebe, Robert, Chester Kalinda, Ekwaro A. Obuku, Eve Namisango, Alison A. Kinengyere, Moses Ocan, Ann Nanteza, Savino Biryomumaisho, and Lawrence Mugisha. Epidemiology and effectiveness of interventions for Foot and Mouth Disease in Africa: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0039.

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Review question / Objective: What is the epidemiology and effectiveness of control measures for foot and mouth disease in African countries?’ PICOS: Description of elements Population/ problem/Setting: Artiodactyla (cloven ungulates), domestic (cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs), camels and wildlife (buffaloes, deer, antelope, wild pigs, elephant, giraffe, and camelids) affected by Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) or Hoof and Mouth Disease (HMD) caused by the Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) in Africa. Intervention: Prevention measures: vaccination, ‘biosafety and biosecurity’, sensitization of the public. Control measures: quarantine, movement control, closure of markets and stock routes, mouth swabbing of animals with infected materials (old technique that is no long applicable), culling, mass slaughter, stamping out and any other interventions or control measures generally accepted by the ‘community of practice’ of animal health practitioners. Comparator: areas that did not have any control activities for FMD, in head-to-head comparisons in the same study. Outcome: epidemiological outcomes: incidence, prevalence, patterns or trends, clinical symptoms, and risk factors. Effectiveness outcomes: success, and usefulness of the interventions measured as averted deaths, illness and infections, and costs associated with the interventions (cost–effectiveness). Study design: epidemiological designs include cohort design for incidence, cross sectional for prevalence and case-control for clinical symptoms and risk factors. Interventional designs include randomized controlled trials, cluster randomized trials, quasi-experimental designs – controlled before and after, interrupted time series, [regression discontinuity design, difference-in-difference, and propensity score matching]. Timelines: 1900 – 2022.
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Kott, Phillip S. The Degrees of Freedom of a Variance Estimator in a Probability Sample. RTI Press, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.mr.0043.2008.

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Inferences from probability-sampling theory (more commonly called “design-based sampling theory”) often rely on the asymptotic normality of nearly unbiased estimators. When constructing a two-sided confidence interval for a mean, the ad hoc practice of determining the degrees of freedom of a probability-sampling variance estimator by subtracting the number of its variance strata from the number of variance primary sampling units (PSUs) can be justified by making usually untenable assumptions about the PSUs. We will investigate the effectiveness of this conventional and an alternative method for determining the effective degrees of freedom of a probability-sampling variance estimator under a stratified cluster sample.
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Bolton, Laura. Global Health Funds and Humanitarian Programming. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.144.

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There is a lack of reporting on the connection between Humanitarian Country Team Health Clusters and the three funds (the Global Fund, the Gavi Alliance, and the Global Financing Facility (GFF)), both generally and for the three countries of focus (Mozambique, Uganda, and Nigeria). The Global Fund is noted to partner with the Global Health Cluster but details were not identified within the scope of this report. Global Fund A Global Fund board meeting report and a review of Fund investments in challenging operating environments notes partnering and joining with the Global Health Clusters but does not give detail of specific countries. The Global Fund does not include Mozambique or Uganda in their list of challenging operating environments. There are reports of emergency funding being allocated for refugees in Uganda, and for internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Mozambique. Countries are encouraged to include refugees in their funding requests to the Global Fund. Some Global Fund supported operations for HIV treatment in Mozambique have been interrupted as people receiving treatment fled from violence. Partners in provinces where the displaced are arriving are implementing emergency plans to maintain continuity of care. A Global Fund initiative for removing human-rights barriers to health treatment does not list refugees or IDPs as vulnerable groups for HIV programming. The same initiative in Uganda did specifically support distribution of nets to help prevent malaria. A 2017 audit report on Global Fund grant management in high-risk environments found inadequate early warning mechanisms to identify risk levels of grants. Gavi Alliance Gavi Alliance policy documentation states that a flexible and tailored approach is taken to achieve equity in fragile or emergency situations and for the needs of displaced populations. Requests for flexible support are based on specific needs which must be justified. The policy puts a strong emphasis on ensuring the inclusion of displaced populations. It encourages governments to provide immunisations independent of residency and legal status. They provide extra support where justified for displaced people. Very little information on Gavi activity in the countries of focus for this report was found. Global Financing Facility The GFF 2021-2025 strategy reports offering support in complex humanitarian settings but detail is not included. An earlier report describes GFF support in Nigeria where the Facility were able to finance a targeted project in a short timeframe. Distinction is made between this type of support and emergency support which is not part of the design of the GFF and is unable to quickly release lifesaving funds in emergency situations. The short timeframe funding was provided to support the Nigerian State Health Investment Project where violence had disrupted health services and where health indicators were poor. Mobile health teams were contracted out to hard-to-reach areas. Outreach included psychosocial support.
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