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Elkins, Anne Fleet Dillard. "Roles of Perceptions of Reference Groups, Clothing Symbolism, and Clothing Involvement in Female Adolescents' Clothing Purchase Intentions and Clothing Behavior." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77222.
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The youth market has been characterized as one of the most coveted market segments because of its spending power and tremendous potential for becoming lifetime customers (Bush, Martin, & Bush, 2004). The product market for adolescents is expected to grow to more than $208 billion by 2011, according to a report from market research firm Packaged Facts (Sass, 2007). Apparel, jewelry, and cosmetics are top product categories for adolescent girls and are important products used by adolescents to portray personal identity (Ossorio, 1995). Because of adolescents' buying power and the important role apparel plays in adolescents' lives, it is important for apparel marketers to understand the adolescent consumer market.
The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between each of three independent variables (i.e., reference groups, clothing symbolism, and clothing involvement) and adolescents' clothing purchase intentions and clothing behavior, and whether the three variables are predictors of adolescents' clothing purchase intentions and clothing behavior. Reference groups are a source of instrumental and emotional support, offering adolescents a sense of belonging during their physical, emotional, and cognitive adjustment (Blackwell, Miniard, & Engel, 2001). Adolescents may have many different types of reference groups. The reference groups included in the currents study were friends, popular girls, and parents. Specifically in the current study, ninth grade girls' perceptions of friends' clothing behavior, popular girls' clothing behavior, and parents' opinions concerning clothing behavior were examined for their relationship to the ninth grade girls' clothing purchase intentions and behavior. The second independent variable was clothing symbolism. Adolescents may use clothing as a symbol (i.e., clothing symbolism) to express their actual self-concepts or to attain their ideal self-concepts (Erickson, 1983; Solomon & Rabolt, 2004). Two types of clothing symbolism were included in the study: the degree of congruity between actual self-concept and the perceived images of four outfits (i.e., actual self and clothing image congruity) and the degree of congruity between ideal self-concept and the perceived images of four outfits (i.e., ideal self and clothing image congruity). The third independent variable was clothing involvement. Viera (2009) found that young consumers are highly involved with clothing. The degree of clothing involvement may be closely related to adolescent girls' clothing purchase intentions and their clothing behavior.
A conceptual model that formed the framework for this study was developed by integrating several theories, propositions, and research findings in the literature. Based on the framework, 16 research questions were formulated. Focus groups provided input for questionnaire development, and four outfit images, one each considered sexy, conservative, springy, or sporty, were identified and included in the questionnaire. Before the main data collection, the questionnaire was pilot tested and revised. Data collection was conducted at three high schools in central Virginia, and 353 female students in the ninth grade participated. Standard and stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to address the research questions.
Among the four outfit images, that with a sexy image was found to have the highest mean score for ideal self-concept, indicating that participants would most like to view themselves sexy. Results of a factor analysis for clothing involvement revealed three factors: clothing importance, clothing expressions, and clothing brand perceptions. Participants had fairly high mean scores for all three clothing involvement factors. Among those three factors, clothing importance had the highest mean. In addition, results showed that participants perceived that their friends and popular girls would most often wear the outfit with a sporty image, and they also perceived that their parents would most like them to wear an outfit with a sporty image. The sporty outfit image also had the highest mean for participants' clothing purchase intentions and clothing behavior among the four outfit images.
Results of one of the stepwise regressions, for the sexy outfit image showed that perceptions of reference groups' clothing behavior or opinions (i.e., friends' clothing behavior, parents' opinions concerning clothing behavior, popular girls' clothing behavior), one type of clothing symbolism (i.e., ideal self and clothing image congruity), and one clothing involvement factor (i.e., clothing importance) predicted adolescent girls' purchase intentions for the outfit with a sexy image. The results for wearing clothing with a sexy image when hanging out with friends were slightly different from those for purchase intentions. For the behavior of wearing an outfit with a sexy image, the variable "perceptions of popular girls' clothing behavior" was not a predictor, but actual self and clothing image congruity was. For the springy outfit image, all the perceptions of reference groups' clothing behavior or opinions and actual self and clothing image congruity were the best predictors of participants' clothing behavior; however only friends' clothing behavior and popular girls' clothing behavior were significant predictors of adolescent girls' purchase intentions for this outfit image. For the conservative and sporty outfit images, only the perceptions of reference groups' clothing behavior or opinions predicted adolescent girls' clothing purchase intentions and clothing behavior.
In conclusion, the research findings suggest a powerful relationship between adolescent girls' perceptions of reference groups' clothing behavior or opinions about clothing behavior and the girls' own clothing behavior and purchase intentions. Participants' perceptions of reference groups' clothing behavior or opinions were the best predictors of the participants' clothing behavior and purchase intentions for all four outfits. Furthermore, clothing symbolism (e.g., using a sexy outfit to express or attain a sexy image) appears to motivate ninth grade girls to wear clothing with a sexy or springy image. The girls would wear a sexy outfit to portray their actual self-concepts and attain their ideal self-concepts. They also would wear outfits with a springy image to portray themselves. Additionally, the more the participants in this study considered clothing to be important, the more likely they were to purchase and wear a sexy image outfit; however the participants indicated that, of the four outfit images in the study, they most purchase and wear clothing like the sporty image outfit the most for hanging out with friends in comparison to the other three outfit images. Based on the findings, suggestions and implications for parents, educators, and marketers were provided.Ph. D.
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Cunningham, Phillip Scott. "Hello, Clothing." FIU Digital Commons, 2008. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2694.
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HELLO, CLOTHING is a collection of lyric poems about the connections between human beings, following an ekphrastic model that seeks truths about the world “second-hand”: through the language and images of other artists. A large section of the poems address the life and work of composer Morton Feldman, while many others explore the world of cinema or photography. The poems are particularly conscious of received forms. The collection takes to heart Harold Bloom’s assertion that “every poem is about another poem” and interprets this dictum as a celebration of formal structure. Whether through a traditional model such as the sonnet, sestina or villanelle; a stanzaic form derived from Elizabeth Bishop; or the re-writing of a single line by Denis Johnson, the book attempts to re-invent the work of its own inspiration, with the goal of discovering the inexhaustable pleasure of repetition.
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Negrao, Nayra Waddington. "Multi-dimensional clothing." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1346.
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Thesis (BTech (Fashion Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010The main objective of the research is to unfold the necessary theory by using current and relevant information available, in the scientific and fashion department, to substantiate the exploration of dimensions and the associated human interpretation. To produce two separate collections that combined illustrate my personal design identity, but when apart they demonstrate two parallel versions of the same concept. The main collection is divided into two ranges, one commercial and another conceptual. The commercial pieces will present a more affordable ready-to-wear range to the consumer while the conceptual pieces will represent my own interpretation of the concept chosen for this research. Together these designs will formulate a vision for the overall collection, reflecting my own meaning and interpretation of what dimensions are and the various techniques of representing them. Extensive research will be done to unfold all the theory needed to substantiate my findings during this exploration into dimensions and the universe we live in.
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Raifa, F., and A. M. Joy. "Indian traditional clothing." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77301.
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India is a country in south Asia. It is the seventh largest country by
area and with more than 1.3 billion people, the second most populous
country in the world. India is a land of multitude culture and tradition. It is
amazing to see, that within the country there is a rich diversification of
fashion and clothing which could be due to the weather condition and
culture of the society [1]. The culture of India refers collectively to the
thousands of unique cultures of all religions and communities. India's
languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, food and customs differ
from place to place within the country. Indian culture which is often
labelled as an amalgamation of several cultures, spans across the Indian
subcontinent and has been influenced by a history that is several millennia
old.
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Álvarez, Inostroza Camila Andrea. "Using automatic clothing labeling to improve the quality of clothing retrieval systems." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/168039.
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Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Computación.
Ingeniera Civil en ComputaciónDesde hace varios años que el mercado de las ventas en línea presenta un crecimiento sostenido debido a la oportunidad y facilidad que le entrega a usuarios de las nuevas tecnologías para adquirir lo que ellos deseen sin tener que salir de sus casas. Un caso particular de este fenómeno es la industria de la moda. Esto último se ve favorecido principalmente por el uso masivo de redes sociales, las cuales le permiten a los usuarios compartir la manera en que se visten convirtiéndose en iconos de la moda solo al subir fotos. Varias tiendas y redes sociales han visto este hecho como una oportunidad de negocio, la cual consiste en permitirle a sus usuarios tomar fotos de sus ídolos de moda y buscar en diferentes tiendas prendas similares a las que ellos ocupan, de manera de ``compartir'' su estilo. En la comunidad de visión por computadora este proceso se trata como un problema de búsqueda por similitud. Esto es, dada una consulta, mostrar al usuario los productos que se parecen más al objeto buscado. En el caso de la moda la problemática surge al intentar comparar las consultas con las imágenes de los catálogos de diferentes tiendas, ya que estas últimas tienden a presentar a una modelo usando más de una prenda que la imagen trata de representar, lo que se traduce en que la imagen de consulta y las de los catálogos no son comparables directamente. Este último punto empeora la calidad de los resultados de cualquier sistema de recuperación. Considerando el problema anterior es que este trabajo busca estudiar métodos de etiquetado (o detección) de ropa que permitan descubrir las reales zonas de interés de las imágenes de los catálogos de manera de poder comparar estas regiones con las consultas. De esta manera nuestra hipótesis es que el usar métodos de etiquetado de ropa para preprocesar los catálogos mejora la calidad de los sistemas de recuperación con respecto a los resultados obtenidos sin pre procesarlos. Entrenamos Faster R-CNN y YOLOv2 como métodos de etiquetado, de los cuales Faster R-CNN presenta mejores resultados. Para entrenar estos métodos recolectamos un dataset con alrededor de 150,000 imágenes etiquetadas. Los datos se recolectan usando crowd sourcing. Una vez entrenados dos métodos de etiquetado presentamos experimentos que permiten medir la calidad del etiquetado, y luego otros que permiten validar nuestra hipótesis. Estos últimos experimentos miden la calidad de la recuperación con respecto al estado del arte en función de dos puntos: calidad de los resultados y usabilidad en una aplicación real. Vemos que la calidad de los resultados al usar el etiquetado es similar a la de los métodos del estado del arte, sin embargo, nuestro método se traduce en tiempos de búsqueda 18x menores. Finalmente presentamos los resultados de dichos experimentos presentando métricas estándar que permiten medir la calidad de los resultados. Además se analiza la usabilidad de las técnicas presentadas. Mostramos además ejemplos visuales de los resultados obtenidos.
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Fozzard, Gary James Walter. "Simulation of clothing manufacture." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329525.
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There is considerable pressure on the U.K. clothing industry to remain competitive in the face of foreign competition. Market forces and the trend of decreasing contract sizes have produced perceived problems with current methods of production which, coupled with the inertia to radical change, justify research. Computer simulation is an established production management tool but its potential in clothing manufacture could not be inferred. Concentrating on progressive bundle systems as the dominant method of production, this research considers the capacity of simulation in this context. Factory-based studies identified factors affecting system performance which allowed a conceptual model with high face validity to be defined. The requirement to handle complex supervisory control strategies led to the identification of visual interactive simulation as an experimental route. A computerised model, with an appropriate user interface and reporting facilities, was developed in the ~Siman si@ulat~£~~Dguage __ This was supported by animated graphics which played a substantial role in the attainment of face validity. Replication was considered to be essential for sound estimates of system performance to be obtained from this stochastic model but, as interactive control works against replication, steps were taken to reduce compromise. Software development facilitated an experimental technique that employed interaction to develop a control strategy, which then became embedded in the model for replication. By providing control consistency between replications, a more reliable assessment of system sensitivity to stochastic variability was possible. Pilot runs and single factor analysis enabled the effect of controllable factors on system performance to be quantified. Supervisory control was found to have a major effect on system performance so that the need for consistency in interaction was amplified. Considering alternative experimental methods and the practical use of the model, application areas for simulation in the absence of real time data capture were identified and demonstrated. Each application offered significant advantage over currently available planning methods and the use of simulation was supported. Information from the model can be gained about the design and control of progressive bundle lines at the pre-production phase, and the output of performance indicators can be useful in assessing real production lines. The evidence presented by this research illustrates that animated simulation can provide insight that is otherwise unobtainable.
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Grimslätt, Tove, and Sofia Freiholtz. "SMAX : Smart clothing racks." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-37531.
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Пазюк, Катерина Миколаївна. "History of Vintage Clothing." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7366.
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Mosina, Eleonora. "Good clothing = good film." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13100.
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Makins, Courtney. "Clothing Darwinism : Absent Bodies." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22029.
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Garments are everywhere in today’s society and often presented on the body, although the absence of the body in design can have an integral impact on how they are perceived by an audience. An experimental material coating, aided garments to become sculptural by portraying the essence of the body. This essay argues that garments are challenged through their perception and purpose by the absence of the body, allowing the sculptures to develop a language in their own right. Through means of forming methods, absence of the body and materiality, garments are able to evolve to communicate an idea challenging one’s preconceived garment notions and broadening the spectrum of situational presentational methods.
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Jones, Stacey Elizabeth. "Why women's clothing? a critical history of clothing collections : a regional case study /." Connect to PDF file Connect to PDF file, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0009404.
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Harps-Logan, Yvette. "Clothing values and clothing buying practices of black and white middle income women." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39907.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences in clothing values between Black and White middle-income women patronizing the primary and second-order markets, and to determine if there were differences in the clothing buying practices between these groups in the two markets. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a purposive sample of 250 Black and White women residing in three metropolitan areas. The clothing values measured were economic, political, religious, and conformity. Eighteen clothing buying practices were included in this study. N1ne practices were speclfical1y directed toward the second-order market shoppers. Variations were found in the rank order of clothing values within the two groups. Blacks ranked the religious value higher and conform1ty lower than the Whites.
Blacks scored higher on the economic and re1igous clothing values while Whites scored higher on conformity.
Significant differences between Black and White middle-income women in their clothing buying practices were found in: (1) the method used to acquire the majority of clothing; (2) the percentage of personal clothing items purchased in primary stores; and (3) buying pattern for a dress costing more than $50.00.
Significant differences between Black and White middle-income women who used the second-order market were found in: (1) length of time respondents had purchased used-clothing; (2) satisfaction with price when making used-clothing purchases; (3) shopping the Salvation Army, Goodwill, and thrift stores; purchasing of (4) pants; and buying used-clothing to wear for (5) work and (6) school.
Middle-income women who used the primary market exclusively scored higher on the conformity clothing value than did those who used the second-order market.
Black consumers who used the second-order market held higher religious clothing values and lower conformity values than did the White women.Ph. D.
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Uhlig, Martina. "Smart clothing in the mainstream - Implications of technology in the context of clothing." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23209.
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Smart clothing is far from being adopted by regular consumers and worn on a regular basis. Most developments can be found in specialized markets and all of the few consumer products so far have not been commercially successful. The first part of this thesis illustrates why this is the case and presents a few examples of concepts that show the potential of smart clothing in an everyday context.The second part shows my own practical research into the subject and the resulting design concept. It follows a user-centered design process with participatory design elements and ends in a concept proposing clothing that can change color and style on the go. The concept tries to support a sustainable lifestyle by slowing down fast fashion and democratizing fashion design. It makes it easy for the wearer to create her own styles and to change the style on the go to adjust to different situations or different moods. The end result of this thesis is a prototype that serves as a proof-of-concept.
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Smith, Marcia Tavares. "Digital clothing manufacture : new models for the clothing industry in the digital economy." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2014. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/125204/.
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Hwang, Jinsook. "Relationships between body-cathexis, clothing benefits sought, and clothing behavior, and effects of importance of meeting the ideal body image and clothing attitude." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10032007-172002/.
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Arumugam, Sivaprabhu. "Clothing from virgin cotton or clothing from recycled textile. A comparison by using openLCA." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23756/.
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Cotton is the most often used natural fiber across worldwide, and it’s an essential component of the textile industry. In 2017, production of cotton around the total global was amounted to some 120.86 million bales. more than the half of the world’s total production volume of cotton is from countries like India, China, and the United States. The total global supply of cotton, stocks included, stood at approximately 248.63 million bales in 2017.The fashion industry is considered as one of the most wasteful industries in the world. As they produce way more clothes than we need and we through them after a couple of wears. And the worst part is, the most of our clothes goes to landfill, even though it could easily reuse or recycle them. An average consumer throws away 70 pounds (31.75 kilograms) of clothing per year. Globally we produce 13 million tons of textile waste each year 95% of which could be reused or recycled. In this paper we are going discuss about the process involved in the production of cotton from cultivation to the final product (fabrics) and process involved in the recycling of cotton textile, and a comparison of life cycle assessment (LCI) of clothing from virgin cotton or clothing from recycled cotton by using OPEN LCA(LCA software)
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Conocimiento, Dirección de Gestión del. "Clothing and Textiles Research Journal." SAGE Publishing, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655285.
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Persson, Josefine, and Isabell Thomsson. "Warehouse management of promotional clothing." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139026.
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MSB, myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap, är en svensk myndighet vars uppgift är att hjälpa till vid kriser och katastrofer samt att informera samhället för att vara mer förberedda inför katastrofer. För att kunna agera snabbt har MSB ett stort lager med materiel. En av de mest frekventa produktgrupperna som används är profilkläderna. I nuläget beställs profilkläderna främst baserat på magkänsla och det finns inte så mycket tanke bakom beställningarna. MSB vill nu förbättra sin lagerstyrning för att få en mer effektiv lagerhållning. Målet med detta arbete är därmed att skapa ett lagerstyrningssystem för MSB:s profilkläder. För att genomföra arbetet samlades data gällande inköp och efterfrågan in från MSB:s lagersystem. Denna data bearbetades sedan genom att den delades in i intervall och analyserades. För respektive produkt analyserades efterfrågemönster. Det beräknades även totalt antal uttagna produkter, medelvärdet för efterfrågan under en ledtidsperiod, standardavvikelsen för efterfrågan under en ledtidsperiod, årsefterfrågan, ekonomisk orderkvantitet, säkerhetslager, beställningspunkt och återfyllnadsnivå utifrån vissa antaganden. Dessa metoder analyserades för att identifiera det mest fördelaktiga lagerstyrningssystemet för MSB:s profilkläder. Även olika principer för prognostisering behandlades för att utreda hur den framtida efterfrågan av dessa produkter borde prognostiseras. Rekommendationen som tagits fram genom beräkningarna och analysen är att MSB bör använda sig av ett återfyllnadssystem för beställning av profilkläder. I MSB:s fall innebär detta att lagernivån ska undersökas två gånger om året och de olika profilkläderna ska sedan beställas upp till en förutbestämd nivå baserat på historisk efterfrågan och säkerhetslagret. I MSB:s fall bedömdes säkerhetslagret som extra viktigt eftersom efterfrågan är väldigt ojämn och osäker. Att ha ett större säkerhetslager bidrar bland annat till högre kostnader men i MSB:s fall anses en hög beredskap vara viktigare än att minimera kostnaderna.
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Wong, Sai-Keung. "High performance virtual clothing dynamics /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?COMP%202004%20WONGS.
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Berry, Mandy Marie. "Marapu Launch: Independent Clothing Line." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146237.
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For my honors thesis project, I launched a clothing line called Mandy Marapu that I had started during a backpacking trip to Indonesia many years ago. The two unique features of Mandy Marapu are 1) that each item is made from a unique sari, sarong or scarf from a far away exotic region of the world and 2) that the pieces are not just a clothing item but a clothing story. The main undertakings of this project were: a) the development of an EBay store, b) the design of an assortment grid, c) the devising of a marketing campaign, and d) the organization of fashion/trunk shows. But the project, which was also a business endeavor, did not meet financial goals. However, I was able to put into practice the knowledge and skills that I have learned in the classroom while at the University of Arizona and in my internship experiences during this same time. I also had the satisfaction of developing the self-confidence of three teenage girls who helped me to organize the fashion/trunk shows.
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Zhang, Zixin. "UVR transmission through clothing fabrics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1994. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37170/1/37170_Zhang_1994.pdf.
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A new fabric transmission measuring system (FTMS) utilising a solar UV simulator and a broad band radiometer, has been designed and developed for fast assessment of the protection levels of clothing fabrics against the biological damage caused by sunlight. The
radiometer has a spectral response similar to the erythema action spectrum for human skin. The advantages of the FTMS are simplicity, reliability, low cost and, most importantly, time-efficiency. It has a capacity to process sixty-five clothing samples in about twenty-five minutes. The FTMS was calibrated against a spectroradiometer. The error of the results obtained by the FTMS is estimated within ±8%. The FTMS was employed to study the effects of the parameters and conditions of clothing fabrics on the result of the erythema effective transmittance, i.e. the transmittance of irradiance weighted with the erythema action spectrum for human skin. It was observed that weave structure of clothing fabrics could change the transmittance by up to 11.2
times even though all other factors such as the colour and the dryness condition were maintained at constant. The variations of transmittance with various colours were up to about 200% for polyester(65%)/cotton(35%) samples, and 600% for cotton samples in the studies. A variation as high as about 20 times in transmittance was recorded by stretching lycra clothing fabrics. Wetness of clothing fabrics could change the erythema effective transmittance in either directions, i.e. increase and decrease, depending on the types of clothing fabrics. An increase of transmittance of about 3.1 times and a decrease
of about 70% due to the wetness conditions were observed.
A model was proposed to correlate the UV transmittance and the characteristics of clothing fabrics. The model was preliminarily tested and a correlation coefficient of 0.902 for the UV transmittance measured with the FTMS and the UV transmittance calculated by the model was obtained. The UV transmission through clothing fabrics is not only determined by the uncovered area of clothing fabrics, but also by the UVR scattering of clothing fabrics. Taking into account of the effects of UVR scattering by clothing fabrics would improve the results.
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Winton, Anna F. "Creative clothing design inspired by descriptions of Cinderella's clothing recorded in 322 Cinderella story variants." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000wintona.pdf.
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Yan, Yuk-fung Sophia. "A study on the clothing industry of Hong Kong." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1231836X.
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Mather, Charles. "Flexible manufacturing in Vancouver's clothing industry." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28112.
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Flexible production techniques have been implemented in a number of industries in response to the crisis following the long post World War Two boom. These new methods have recently captured the attention of social scientists from a broad range of perspectives. In the large North American automobile industry, where flexible manufacturing is best documented, firms are introducing programmable equipment, work teams are replacing the assembly line, inventories are kept at a minimum, improving turnaround time and quality are important goals, and markets are smaller as specific consumers are targeted. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that the experience of the automobile industry is not representative of other manufacturing sectors. The implementation of the new techniques is likely to be different where the organisation of production is different, the structure of the industry is less concentrated, and where norms of consumption are distinct.
This thesis focuses on the clothing industry in Vancouver, British Columbia. For this study, interviews were conducted with fourteen clothing firms in the city, ten workers (most of whom were Chinese female immigrants), union officials, equipment salespeople and a government official. The primary research question was to understand the pervasiveness of the new techniques and their effects on workers and the industry in Vancouver.
The results of this study suggest that it is overwhelmingly the very large fashion firms that have invested in flexible machinery. These firms are large enough to lay out the capital for the new machines which improve turnaround time and flexibility, both vital for manufacturers of fashion apparel. A second advantage of the equipment for factory owners is that it reduces their dependence on skilled male workers who command the highest wages on the shop floor. For women workers in the industry (machinists), the new machines simply speed up work, making an already debilitating job worse. On the other hand, many smaller fashion firms are unable to raise the capital for the equipment even though the potential benefits are significant. In addition, standardised clothing manufacturers in Vancouver have not purchased the new technology because it does not suit their needs. Firms without the new technology weather downturns in the economy primarily through workers in the secondary labour market, which, in Vancouver is dominated by immigrant women. At this stage it seems that are barriers to the widespread implementation of flexible equipment in Vancouver clothing industry.Arts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
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Spark, Roberta D. "Men's movements, wolves in sheep's clothing." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq36085.pdf.
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Bouskill, Lisa M. "Clothing ventilation and human thermal response." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7055.
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Given the importance of heat balance being maintained between a person and their environment an appropriate clothing choice is essential. Since military personnel are required to work effectively when deployed in any of the world's climates it is important that the thermal protection afforded by their clothing is considered as well as its more obvious protective properties such as those relating to the chemical and abrasive environments. Clothing descriptions restricted to details of heat and water vapour transfer characteristics alone, as is commonly the case, are recognised as being insufficient. Of particular note, where these data are obtained under 'artificial' conditions, ie intrinsic values, they are unlikely to represent the 'resultant' values as observed when worn by human subjects engaged in actual work tasks. Where intrinsic data are used in predictive standards calculations, to estimate safe work times etc, the workforce under consideration may not always be protected. One source of change in the thermal properties of clothing, when in the workplace, occurs due to increased convective and evaporative heat transfer at the wearer's skin surface caused by air movement through the clothing. This may occur as a result of wearer body movements or increased environmental air speed. The Ventilation Index has previously been suggested as an accurate and repeatable method for quantifying clothing ventilation characteristics. Although several other measurement techniques have also been suggested, the Ventilation Index is simple (albeit laborious) to conduct, and does not require the use of expensive equipment. Work conducted towards this thesis has shown that the Ventilation Index may be suitable for use in either manikin testing or human studies assessmentso f clothing. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the suitability of the Ventilation Index as a measurementt echnique for the assessmenot f clothing ventilation characteristics, particularly to consider the relationship between clothing ventilation and wearer physiological responses and to identify the factors which can affect this. The Ventilation Index measurement systems constructed as part of this research have improved on those used previously in similar research. New materials technology has provided an improved air-tight oversuit for use during measurement of the clothing micro-environment (a constant source of fiustration, it appears, for previous authors), while extensive calibration of the whole system has proved its accuracy. Using the Ventilation Index has shown that the ingress and egress of air into and from the clothing micro-environment may induce a physiological response from the wearer of the clothing (chapter 6) such increases in air movement being reflected by a drop in insulation afforded by the clothing (chapter 7). Of particular interest to persons involved in the thermal assessment of clothing, will be the suggestion that clothing may exhibit different ventilation characteristics when tested on a thermal manikin to when worn by human subjects. This difference appearing to be related to clothing fit (investigated in chapter 9). Of interest to wearer's of protective, is the observation that air-impermeable clothing does not necessarily withstand changes in environmental air movement (chapter 10). The technique is not without criticism. The standard tracer gas technique, used to calculate clothing air exchange rate, considers only air movement occurring next to the wearer's skin. In multi-layer clothing ensembles, the movement of air in clothing layers more distant will change the clothing micro-environment and thus have consequences for the wearer. Preliminary investigation suggests that distribution of nitrogen to each clothing layer should enable assessmenot fair movement in each of these layers.
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Spragg, Jon Edward. "Modelling supervisory behaviour in clothing manufacture." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278537.
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Williams, J. T. "Physiological considerations of NBC protective clothing." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239749.
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Kliutsevska, A. V. "The Byzantine motifs in modern clothing." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14366.
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Yezhova, Olga, Kalina Pashkevich, Mariana Mrachynska, and Angelina Koryakina. "Avant-garde in modern clothing design." Thesis, Platforma europeană aștiinței, 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17607.
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The avant-garde style of clothing, which appeared in high fashion in the second half of the 20th century, continues to be relevant both in haute couture and in the ready-to-wear segment. The main features of avant-garde style clothing have been investigated, an author's collection of women's clothing has been developed.
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Suri, Prerna. "CLOTHING NEEDS ASSESSMENT FOR WHEELCHAIR USERS." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1470244671.
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Spangler, Kevin B. "Energy transport in firefighter protective clothing." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7850.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Fire Protection Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Xu, Xiangjing. "Antibacterial finishing of cellulosic clothing materials /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Park, Jae Ok. "Clothing style preference of working women related to self- image/clothing-image congruity and public self-consciousness." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-140007/.
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Andersson, Nils, and David Lozano. "Digital Avenues for Sustainable Clothing : A qualitative study exploring digitalization’s facilitating effects to improve clothing companies’ sustainability." Thesis, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52955.
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Background: Digitalization and sustainability are two of the most impactful topics concerning businesses today which pose a nascent research field. Sustainability presents businesses with massive challenges in order to find new business models, improve processes, utilize resources more efficiently, and change their interactions with suppliers and other stakeholders. Simultaneously, digitalization is often characterized by its disruptive nature and the ways in which it creates new avenues for creating and capturing value and changes relationships. Furthermore, there are few industries in need of new ways to become more sustainable than the clothing industry. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the facilitating opportunities that digitalization presents for the clothing industry to achieve sustainability goals. The findings of this study are expected to contribute beneficial knowledge and concrete examples that managers, decision-makers, and IT personnel can use to better understand the existing prospects that digital transformation poses for their various sustainability goals. Method: A qualitative design has been employed to perform this study. Five semi-structured interviews were conducted with various individuals representing Swedish clothing brands. An inductive approach was utilized alongside a grounded theory design. Conclusion: The results show that there are many opportunities for digitalization to facilitate clothing companies’ sustainability goals. This comes in the form of enabling effects with their downstream suppliers through: improved environmental traceability, shifting supplier relationships, and improving working condition transparency. Moreover, upstream effects are observed in adaptions to new business models and relationship improvements with consumers. Finally, within the firm, improving processes and shifting capability requirements are changing the way that firms operate, and the knowledge sets needed to function. These findings were developed into a framework presented on page 40.
36
Marques, Mónica Sofia Ramos. "Factors affecting adolescents’ choice of branded vs. fashionable clothing." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10092.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThe aim of this project is to analyse the importance of branded and fashionable clothing, and which of them is the most important for adolescents when choosing their clothes, according with gender and age. The research analysed how three factors (peers’ influence, materialistic behaviour and self-esteem) affected adolescents’ clothing choices in the Portuguese market. 148 adolescents (12 and 16 years old) participated in the research, by answering a questionnaire. Results show that teenagers do not draw a separation between brands and fashion, and that their clothing preferences reflect their peers’ advices and level of materialism.
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Van, Rhyn Sonelle. "Security-focused party wear for the purpose of enhanced personal safety in the urban environment." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1343.
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Thesis (BTech (Fashion Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010This dissertation will focus on a security focused range of ladies clubbing apparel, adapted for the urban lifestyle. The dissertation is based on the theory of the Supermodern Condition and the Supermodern Design Aesthetic, by Marc Auge. I will investigate the topics of street and contact crime and also means of design that incorporate safety measures into contemporary fashion apparel. The aim of this dissertation was to create a range that would allow for the integration of storage for young ladies personal items into their clothing. This range would allow the wearer enhanced mobility and liberate them from cumbersome bags and purses, in an urban clubbing setting. The design inspiration is based on contemporary fashion styling and trends in order to have commercial appeal to the target group.
38
Xu, Yongchao. "An analysis of the visual structure and meaning in the evolution of Qipao." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/y_xu_041309.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in apparel, merchandising, design and textiles)--Washington State University, May 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 12, 2010). "Department of Apparel, Merchandising, Design and Textiles." Includes bibliographical references (p. 94-101).
39
Huckabay, Dabney A. "Perceived body cathexis and garment fit and style proportion problems of petite women." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10062009-020234/.
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Mirza, Maria, and Michael Schaffner. "People’s choice to include sustainable clothing : Influences on consumer behavior and decision making in the choice of clothing." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176957.
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The environmental debate is one of the most discussed topics today. The textile industry is one of the most polluting industries in the world. Nowadays, there are many different sustainably certified garments on the market. As a consumer, it can be challenging to understand what is behind the different certifications, which ones are trustworthy and what they stand for, and how reliability can be ensured. Many consumers are aware and want to be green, but their final actions are not always green. People do not trust the fashion industry; they are skeptical and claim that there are many greenwashing intentions among fashion companies. This study aimed to analyze the reasons why consumers chose to include or exclude sustainable material when buying clothes. To answer our purpose, we chose to ask the following questions: How crucial are environmentally friendly attitudes when it comes to sustainable clothing purchases? What are the main reasons and external influences for people to think green and buy or not buy green? People aware of the environmental debate chose not to contribute to sustainability. Instead of choosing a sustainable garment over a non-sustainable item, they put other factors first. These customers mistrust the textile industry. Therefore, sustainable factors have a low impact on their decision to buy a piece of clothing. A qualitative study was made based on semi-structured interviews with people aware of the sustainability debate. We can draw from this study that due to the people's lack of trust; the environmental aspects are set aside. Instead, the willingness to pay plays a more significant role in the final buying decision. We believe that our research provides a new angle to understanding today's consumer behavior as a whole and explains why there is a gap between people's environmental awareness and their buying behaviors and what could be done to address it.
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Rainer-Jeanes, Earline. "Clothing interest, leisure activity continuity and their association to clothing fit satisfaction for women 55 years and older." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07102009-040413/.
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Mattmann, Corinne. "Body posture detection using strain sensitive clothing /." Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17982.
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Stokes, Bailey M. "Clothing needs of teen girls with disabilities." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/b_stokes_041810.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in apparel, merchandising, and textiles)--Washington State University, May 2010.Title from PDF title page (viewed on June 22, 2010). "Department of Apparel, Merchandising, Design, and Textiles." Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-69).
44
Martach, Swantje. "Towards a New Materialist Ontology of Clothing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670649.
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De fet, estem envoltats de molta més roba que persones. I de les persones que ens envolten, veiem més roba que pell. Per què estem tan convençuts que el que veiem són persones? Per tal de re-equilibrar les concepcions de sentit comú de el vestir ("clothing", definit aquí no com ho manifest, sinó com a relació humà/vestimenta), la tesi "Cap a una ontologia nova materialista del vestir" aspira a revelar l'equivalència immanent a aquest tipus de relació humà/cosa.
Per atendre les agències materials i existències a part de la nostra en el vestir, aquesta tesi es va fer càrrec de el regne de el Nou Materialisme (NM). No obstant això, com NM mai s'ha enfocat en el vestir, el present projecte va haver de construir per si mateix una bastida metodològic de quatre parts. A més d'adoptar no l'assumpte sinó la forma de (1) investigació nova materialista, es va basar en (2) enfocaments teòrics de moda/vestimenta. A causa de que les aspiracions d'investigació d'aquest últim es dirigeixen a l'humà, en el camí cap al qual simplement es trobi la vestimenta; precisament no les seves respostes proporcionades fins ara, sinó més aviat els seus assumptes encara per resoldre, van ser adoptats. (3) Es va trobar més assistència en Material Culture (MC) Studies, una escola antropològica veïna a NM, en les consideracions es va incloure més vestimenta que moda des de llavors. Finalment, com una escola amb què NM sovint es confon o s'agrupa, (4) l'ontologia orientada a objectes (Object Oriented Ontology) es va utilitzar com a suport addicional, així que com un altre mitjà de contrast. Aquesta metodologia creuant el vestir i NM va permetre una re-elaboració d'el concepte de la "cosa", que els quatre àmbits d'investigació mantenen estimat, i amb que fan malabarismes amb tanta naturalitat. En lloc d'entitats d'objectes, el present projecte proposa l'esdevenir de webs/nusos com a unitat dinàmica d'investigació.
Eventualment, aquest projecte aspira a ressaltar el valor de la vestimenta i de el vestir com assumpte d'investigació filosòfica, per la qual cosa que tant de bo contribuirà a un canvi de atribuir-li una falta de serietat, a apreciar el poder que té sobre cadascun de nosaltres. En el seu statu quo, la pràctica quotidiana de el vestir és un gran contaminant ecològic, així com una càrrega psicològica freqüentment pesada. A l'relacionar-lo amb el NM, aquest projecte anima a re-conceptualitzar el vestir, i així avançar cap a una coexistència més respectuosa, responsable i estètica dels humans/vestimenta.De hecho, estamos rodeados de mucha más ropa que personas. Y de las personas que nos rodean, vemos más ropa que piel. ¿Por qué estamos tan persuadidos de que lo que vemos son personas? Con el fin de re-equilibrar las concepciones de sentido común del vestir ("clothing", definido aquí no como lo manifiesto, sino como relación humano/vestimenta), la tesis "Hacia una ontología nueva materialista del vestir" aspira a revelar la equivalencia inmanente a este tipo de relación humano/cosa. Para atender a las agencias materiales y existencias aparte de la nuestra en el vestir, esta tesis se hizo cargo del reino del Nuevo Materialismo (NM). Sin embargo, como NM nunca se ha enfocado en el vestir, el presente proyecto tuvo que construir por sí mismo un andamio metodológico de cuatro partes. Además de adoptar no el asunto sino la forma de (1) investigación nueva materialista, se basó en (2) enfoques teóricos de moda/vestimenta. Debido a que las aspiraciones de investigación de este último se dirigen al humano, en el camino hacia el cual simplemente se encuentre la vestimenta; precisamente no sus respuestas proporcionadas hasta ahora, sino más bien sus asuntos aún por resolver, fueron adoptados. (3) Se encontró más asistencia en Material Culture (MC) Studies, una escuela antropológica vecina a NM, en cuyas consideraciones se incluyó más vestimenta que moda desde entonces. Finalmente, como una escuela con que NM a menudo se confunde o agrupa, (4) la ontología orientada a objetos (Object Oriented Ontology) se utilizó como respaldo adicional, así que como otro medio de contraste. Esta metodología cruzando el vestir y NM permitió una re-elaboración del concepto de la "cosa", que los cuatro ámbitos de investigación mantienen querido, y con que hacen malabarismos con tanta naturalidad. En lugar de entidades de objetos, el presente proyecto propone el devenir de webs/nudos como unidad dinámica de investigación. Eventualmente, este proyecto aspira a resaltar el valor de la vestimenta y del vestir como asunto de investigación filosófica, por lo cual que ojalá contribuirá a un cambio de atribuirle una falta de seriedad, a apreciar el poder que tiene sobre cada uno de nosotros. En su statu quo, la práctica cotidiana del vestir es un gran contaminante ecológico, así como una carga psicológica frecuentemente pesada. Al relacionarlo con el NM, este proyecto anima a re-conceptualizar el vestir, y así avanzar hacia una coexistencia más respetuosa, responsable y estética de los humanos/vestimenta.
As a matter of fact, we are surrounded by many more clothes than people. And from the people surrounding us, we see more clothes than skin. Why are we thus so persuaded that what we see are people? In order to rebalance commonsense conceptions of the clothing (defined here not as the manifest thing, but as humans/clothes relation), the thesis "Towards a New Materialist Ontology of Clothing" aspires to disclose the equivalence immanent to this kind of human/thing relation. For attending to material agencies and existences apart from our own in the clothing, this thesis took over the realm of New Materialism (NM). However, as NM has never targeted clothes/clothings, the present project had to construct for itself a four-parted methodological scaffold. Apart from adopting not the matter but rather the manner of (1) new materialist research, it drew on (2) fashion/dress (cultural) theoretical approaches. As the investigatory aspirations of the latter are directed onto the human, en route to which clothes are merely met; precisely not their hitherto provided answers, but rather their yet-to-solve matters were shouldered. (3) More assistance was found in Material Culture (MC) Studies, an anthropological school neighbouring NM, in the considerations of which more dress than fashion was included ever since. Finally, as a school NM often becomes confused or lumped together with, (4) Object-Oriented Ontology was used as additional back-up as well as further means of contrast. This clothing/NM-queering methodology allowed for a reworking of the concept of the "thing", which is held so dear and juggled-around with so naturally by all four touched-upon realms of research. Instead of object entities, the present project proposes web/knot-splitting becomings as units for research. Eventually, this project aspires to highlight the worth of the clothing as philosophical research matter, whereby it hopefully will contribute to a shift from ascribing it a lack of seriousness, to appreciating the power it has over each of us. In its status quo, the everyday clothing practice is a major ecological polluter as well as an often heavy psychological burden. By relating the clothing and NM, this project animates to reconceptualize the latter and thus move towards a more respectful, responsible, and aesthetic co-existence of humans/clothes therein.
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Ward, Ross Ritchie. "Keratin adsorbent material for chemical protective clothing." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19516/.
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Wool is potentially a valuable adsorbent that has been used for the depletion of airborne gas molecules. The aim of the research is to modify the complex hierarchical structure of wool fibres to form a reticulated internal porous structure within the fibre in order to ultimately enhance the adsorption capacity of wool and/or its composite fibres. In this study, the effects of several chemical treatments and their combinations on the formation of porous microstructure within wool fibres are studied. The techniques studied include oxidation (Formic acid treatment), oxidation/swelling (Ozone treatment in urea hydrogen peroxide solution) and education treatments (Sodium hydroxide treatments) and their combinations. Mesopore and macropore formations were evident after wool fibres and fabrics were treated with individual and consecutive chemical treatments. However, the pore formations after these chemical treatments did not produce materials with specific surface areas comparable to activated carbon. Despite this shortcoming there was evidence of both accessible and inaccessible pore formations within wool fibres. Additional physical selective degradation of raw and chemically modified wool fibres by using both electron beam irradiation using SEM and low pressure oxygen plasma irradiation treatments were identified to expand accessible pores or expose inaccessible pores formed within wool fibres after chemical treatment. Porous wool fibres with reticulated pore structures were evident after exposing the chemical pretreated wool fibres to low pressure plasmas. To enhance the adsorption capacity of the porous wool fibres formed, novel wool aerogel composite wool fibres have been developed. The resultant composite fibres were capable of adsorbing cyclohexane with up to 2.5 w/w% uptake. Also, similar uptakes were evident after testing without any sample pre-heating process. This demonstrates that wool-aerogel composite fabrics are capable of adsorbing VOCs at conditions similar to environments present during the use of CPC.
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Rowell, Louise. "Palynomorph retention on clothing under differing conditions." University of Western Australia. Centre for Forensic Science, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0165.
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[Truncated abstract] Palynology has been used in a number of criminal cases where pollen and spores (palynomorphs) on clothing has featured as evidence. Pollen and spores are microscopic, generally morphologically unique to a plant genus and often species, resistant to decay, produced in large amounts and are components of soil. These unique features of pollen and spores make palynology a highly valuable forensic tool. Clothing is an excellent collector of pollen and spores as they become trapped in the fabric weave when clothing is brushed against flowering plants, comes into contact with dust, soil or air-borne pollen. Most forensic palynologists have found that palynomorphs from a crime scene may remain on clothing after washing or several days wear. No empirical research has been conducted on the retention of palynomorphs on clothing under differing conditions. Research of this kind is required to provide support for the future presentation and validation of palynological evidence in court. This project examined the relative retention of palynomorphs on clothing that had been worn during a simulated assault in a sheltered garden on the grounds of St George's College, Western Australia. Three replicate control soil samples each were collected from the actual assault scene and the whole garden to provide a baseline palynological profile for comparison to the experimental (Evidentiary) clothing samples. Forty pollen samples from the predominant species of plants in the garden and surrounds were collected, processed and databased as a reference for palynomorph identification. Standard T-shirts and jeans were chosen as the research clothing. During the simulated assault the knees of the jeans and the backs of the T-shirts came into abrasive contact with the soil of the garden for approximately one minute. The clothing then underwent three 'conditions' to simulate 'real life' situations. Three clothing sets were immediately collected after the assault (E1), three sets were worn for a period of three days after the assault (E2) and three sets were washed after the assault (E3). ... The Background clothing samples did not have a profile similar to the research garden but the profiles collected from each set reflected the areas to which they were worn. The number of palynomorphs per gram of garden soil ranged from thousands to tens-of-thousands of palynomorphs. The total number of palynomorphs collected by the E1 samples ranged from 100,000 to millions per clothing item. The E2 samples retained 1000's to tens-of-thousands of palynomorphs and the E3 samples retained 100's to 1000's of palynomorphs. The background clothing samples collected 1000's to tens-of-thousands of palynomorphs. These results confirm that jeans and T-shirts worn during an assault then worn for a period of days, or washed, will still contain pollen and spores characteristic of the assault area. This highlights the importance of investigating police enquiring where and for how long clothing of interest has been worn before and after an event, or if the clothing has been washed since the event. The results of this study will provide forensic palynologists with supportive data for future casework involving clothing.
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Gonzalez, Jose Alberto. "Modelling electrostatic propensity of protective clothing systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0001/NQ29040.pdf.
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Tastepe, Bilgi Zeynep. "Competitiveness Of Turkish Textiles And Clothing Industry." Thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615719/index.pdf.
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Turkish textile and clothing industry is one of the pillar industries of Turkish economy with its contribution to export, GDP and employment. Also, it has linkages with many other industries. As a consequent, developments emerged in the industry eventually affect the overall economy of Turkey. Hence, analysis of the competitiveness of the enterprises operating in the textile and clothing industry of Turkey is very important for a more competitive country.
Within this context, the purpose of this study is to explore the key determinants of competitiveness of Turkish textiles and clothing industry, and analyze the effects of firm characteristics and future expectations on perceived competitive advantage of Turkish textiles and clothing firms. The study further purposes to analyze the Turkish textiles and clothing industry&rsquos structure.
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Backelin, Diana, and Patrik Welchermill. "Sustainable outsourcing : Trends in the clothing industry." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-129046.
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Globalization has led to freedom of trade between countries and allowed people to accessitems that were previously unavailable to them. This has in turn also lead to competitive pricing, making it possible for businesses to access much wider markets. Firms are able to optimize their resources more easily, thus increasing profits by working toward a more sustainable economy. But globalization is not only positive. There are disadvantages too. Globalization has increased the level of unemployment in home markets as jobs are outsourced to countries that pay lower wages.There is an increase in outsourcing as never before and it keeps growing every year. Competitiveness has forced firms to rethink their strategies to stay profitable and saved them from bankruptcy by moving their production to low-cost countries like China. But times are changing and the cost of labor and outsourcing is increasing. Studies have shown that it is important to know if, where and what to outsource and that outsourcing costs usually are much higher than estimated due to many different factors. Such factors could be quality improvements, logistic costs, communication difficulties due to language and cultural differences to mention a few. This has lead to an increasing awareness of making the right strategic decisions, which has had an effect on the outsourcing trends studied in this report.This report covers an analysis of two Swedish clothing companies, H&M and Björn Borg, and their outsourcing strategies. Empirical data has been gathered through interviews with key employees from both firms as well as an interview with an outsourcing expert on China. The results have shown that the trends depend on the size of the firm, their different strategiesas to what segment they are targeting and previous experiences from outsourcing. Firms witha longer experience of outsourcing, especially to China, choose to stay to a greater extent and develop the relationship with their Chinese suppliers. While new, relatively inexperienced firms, see the potential in putting their resources into nearby countries as well as in the domestic regions. Strategies like these are often referred to as nearsourcing and resourcing. Low-cost segment chains are more prone to being affected by outsourcing costs and have to work closely with their suppliers, i.e. have a more relational contracting, than firms targeting a more exclusive end-customer segment. Nearsourcing and resourcing has been found to be easier and more cost effective in the longterm for many firms. Their advantages include shorter lead times, better communication and quality. Additionally, they are considered to stand stronger against risky investments in China. A trend in taking back outsourced work from China has been seen in the US. The consulting firm Boston Consulting Group reports that up to 30% of US-based large manufacturers are planning to bring back production to the US from China. Furthermore the report does not cover other sectors like IT or services, which could very well show the same effects in the long term. Manufacturing businesses are affected by logistic costs that are derived from oil prices, while the services and IT sectors are not. On the other hand labor costs are continuously increasing in the developing countries and will affect all kinds of outsourcing. Suggestion for further research is offered, since it is a quite complex field of study. The results presented are general with indications showing that outsourcing strategies differ with every firm.Den allt mer globaliserade värld vi lever i har lett till en ökad handel mellan länder där handelshinder hela tiden minskar. Denna fria handel har lett till att nya produkter introduceras i en allt snabbare takt och en ökad konkurrens har medfört en hårdare prissättning. Företag har fått det lättare att optimera sin resursanvändning och detta har medfört en ökad lönsamhet. Globalisering är inte bara positivt, det finns nackdelar också. När företag väljer att outsourca sin verksamhet till länder som kan erbjuda lägre lönekostnader så försvinner jobbtillfällen på hemmamarknaden. Det outsourcas som aldrig förr och outsourcingen fortsätter att växa varje år. En ökad konkurrens har tvingat företag att tänka om sina strategier för att fortsätta vara lönsamma. Föratt undvika att gå i konkurs så är en vanlig strategi att flytta produktion till områden som erbjuder lägre tillverkningskostnader. Men det sker förändringar överallt i en allt snabbare takt och kostnaden för att outsourca ökar. Forskning har visat att det är viktigt att veta vart och vad man ska outsourca och att kostnaden att outsourca oftast är mycket högre än den uppskattade på grund av många olika faktorer. Sådana faktorer kan vara investeringar i kvalitetsförbättringar, kommunikationssvårigheter pågrund av språksvårigheter och kulturella skillnader och logistikkostnader. Detta har lett till en ökad medvetenhet kring att fatta de rätta strategiska besluten, som haft en effekt på outsourcingstrenderna analyserade i denna rapport. Denna rapport behandlar två svenska klädesföretag, H & M och Björn Borg, och deras outsourcingsstrategier. Empirisk data har samlats genom intervjuer med nyckelanställda från båda företagen, såväl som genom en intervju med en expert på outsourcing till Kina. Resultaten har visat att trenderna skiljer sig beroende på företagsstorlek, deras olika strategier kring vilka kunder de riktar sig mot samt tidigare erfarenhet av outsourcing. Företag som har en längre erfarenhet av outsourcing, särskilt till Kina, väljer att stanna i större utsträckning och utveckla relationerna med de kinesiska leverantörerna. Medan nya företag, som saknar erfarenhet, ser potentialen i att outsourca till närliggande länder och de inhemska regionerna. Strategier som dessa är oftast refererade till som nearsourcing och resourcing. Lågkostnadskedjor har oftast mer incitament att minska outsourcingskostnaderna och att utveckla relationen med leverantörerna än företag som har en mer exklusiv kundsegmentering. Nearsourcing och resourcing har visat sig vara lättare och mer lönsamt i ett längre perspektiv för många företag. Kortare ledtider, bättre kommunikation och kvalitet är några fördelar mot en mer riskfylld investering i Kina. En ny trend i att ta tillbaka produktion från Kina tillexempelvis USA har setts. Konsultföretaget Boston Consulting Group släppte en rapport år 2012 som visar att upp till 30 % av de stora USA-baserade tillverkningsföretagen planerar återta sin produktion från Kina tillbaka till USA. Vidare så behandlar inte rapporten andra branscher som IT eller servicebranschen, som möjligen också kommer visa liknande resultat i framtiden. En anledning till detta är att tillverkningsbranschen påverkas av en dyrare logistikkostnad som beror av oljepriset, medan service- och IT- branschen inte gör det. Å andra sidan ökar lönekostnaderna i utvecklingsländerna, vilket kommer påverka all typ av outsourcing. Förslag på vidareforskning i området ges, då ämnet är relativt komplext. Resultaten är generella och indikationer visar på att outsourcingstrategierna skiljer sig från företag till företag.
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Jenkins, Emma Louise. "Designing for Convective Heat Loss in Clothing." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515080.
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