Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea"

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Riley, T. V. "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea." Journal of Infection 10, no. 2 (March 1985): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(85)91753-0.

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Wight, N., H. Curtis, J. Hyde, S. P. Borriello, and Y. R. Mahida. "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea." Postgraduate Medical Journal 74, no. 877 (November 1, 1998): 677–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.74.877.677.

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Elliott, B., B. J. Chang, C. L. Golledge, and T. V. Riley. "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea." Internal Medicine Journal 37, no. 8 (July 19, 2007): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2007.01403.x.

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Handler, R. "Diarrhoea associated with Clostridium difficile." Veterinary Record 120, no. 22 (May 30, 1987): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.120.22.538-b.

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Isaacs, David. "Community-associated Clostridium difficile diarrhoea." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 52, no. 7 (July 2016): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpc.13256.

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V Riley, Thomas, and Clayton L Golledge. "Probiotics and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea." Microbiology Australia 24, no. 1 (2003): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma03120.

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Clostridium difficile is now recognised as the major cause of hospital acquired infectious diarrhoea. Data from Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (SCGH) in Perth, Western Australia, is typical of many similar hospitals in developed countries. SCGH is a 600 bed adult university teaching hospital. During the period 1983 to 1992, C. difficile was detected in 917 patients who were being investigated for diarrhoeal illness. Up to 120 patients a year were infected, most of these being elderly females. Incidence rates increased from 23/100,000 occupied bed days in 1983 to 56/100,000 occupied bed days in 1990.
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&NA;. "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea is costly." Drugs & Therapy Perspectives 9, no. 3 (February 1997): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00042310-199709030-00005.

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Riley, T. V., R. A. Bowman, C. F. Carson, and C. L. Golledge. "Ciprofloxacin and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea." Journal of Infection 22, no. 3 (May 1991): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(05)80023-4.

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Golledge, Clayton L., Christine F. Carson, Gael L. O'Neill, Rodney A. Bowman, and Thomas V. Riley. "Ciprofloxacin and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 30, no. 2 (1992): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/30.2.141.

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Pothoulakis, Charalabos. "Pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea." European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 8, no. 11 (November 1996): 1041–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042737-199611000-00003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea"

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Gustafsson, Agneta. "Antibiotic associated diarrhea in horses : with special reference to Clostridium difficile /." Uppsala : Dept. of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/v166.pdf.

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Taori, Surabhi Kamal. "Clostridium difficile in south-east Scotland : an analysis of severe, recurrent and community-associated disease with a report on the emergence of PCR ribotype 078." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8054.

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Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has proven to be a constantly evolving disease periodically posing new diagnostic and clinical dilemmas. Different regions of the world have reported specific local genomic characteristics of the infecting strains, which may be related to variation in disease presentation and outcome. This study was performed to determine the clinical and molecular features of severe, recurrent and community-associated disease in the Lothian region of Scotland, UK among patients diagnosed from August 2010-July 2011. Three hundred and thirty-five patients with laboratory confirmed CDI were studied for epidemiological features, clinical presentation, and laboratory markers. They were followed up for one year to determine recurrence and mortality. Four hundred and thirty-two episodes were recorded. Ribotypes, presence of toxin genes and MLVA subtypes of isolates from these episodes were determined. During the course of the study, PCR ribotype 078 was identified as an important emerging type and concerns of “hypervirulence” were raised when an outbreak was recorded in 2012. This ribotype was studied to compare its clinical and molecular characteristics with other endemic ribotypes and between its own outbreak-related and endemic subtypes. Asymptomatic children were also sampled to determine their role as pools of potential pathogens. Severe episodes accounted for 40.4% of total and 29.3% patients had multiple episodes on record. One-year mortality was 32.8% of which CDI was listed on 25.5% death certificates. Ribotype 078 was confirmed in 6.8% episodes. Community-associated disease was identified in 25.3% patients, which differed significantly from hospital-associated disease in the number of antibiotics and gastrointestinal manipulation prior to CDI. Endemic PCR ribotype 078 caused significantly less recurrent disease and more community- associated disease when compared to the most prevalent ribotype 001. Patients who died from ribotype 078 within 30d had a lower Charlson comorbidity index than ribotype 001 counterparts suggesting that the former may infect healthier patients. MLVA subtyping of ribotype 078 proved useful in identifying epidemiological relationships during the outbreak. CDI had contributed to the death of 50% of all patients infected with the outbreak related ribotype 078 strain compared to 14.3% of those infected with the endemic strains. This study documents the changing epidemiology of CDI in the region and demonstrates differences in epidemic and endemic disease.
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Thomas, Claudia. "The epidemiology and control of Clostridium difficile infection in a Western Australian hospital." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0011.

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[Truncated abstract] The prinicipal aim of this thesis was to explore the relationship between 3rd generation cephalosporin antibiotics and hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD). This antibiotic class has been implicated in the aetiology of CDAD; therefore restriction of these antibiotics via antibiotic policies represents a potential strategy for prevention and control of CDAD. Successful control of CDAD in hospitals translates to improved quality of care for patients, and a reduction of pressure on hospital resources. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine whether 3rd generation cephalosporins were related to CDAD, to evaluate the effect of changes to antibiotic policy on the incidence of CDAD, and to determine the impact of CDAD on patient length of stay and hospital costs. The study was conducted in Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (SCGH), a public teaching hospital located in Perth, the capital city of the state of Western Australia. Evidence for an association between 3rd generation cephalosporins and CDAD was obtained from studies of ecologic- and individual-level data. A time series analysis of the relationship between monthly consumption of 3rd generation cephalosporins and the incidence of CDAD in SCGH was undertaken covering the period 1994 to 2000. The results demonstrated a positive relationship between the use of 3rd generation cephalosporins and CDAD. A matched case-control study that involved 193 adult inpatients diagnosed with CDAD and 386 adult inpatients without CDAD, selected from the period 1996 to 2000, was conducted. Information was collected on exposure to 3rd generation cephalosporin antibiotics during hospitalisation, as well as exposure to other antibiotics and medications, procedures, and comorbidities. Results from conditional logistic regression analyses found CDAD cases were six times more likely to be exposed to 3rd generation cephalosporins during their admission, prior to the onset of diarrhoea, than controls (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 6.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.56-24.37). Approximately one third of CDAD in the study population could be attributed to 3rd generation cephalosporins. CDAD cases were also four times more likely to have been exposed to either amoxicillin-clavulanate or ticarcillin-clavulanate (adjusted OR=4.23, 95% CI=1.81-9.93). In October 1998, an antibiotic policy was introduced at SCGH that restricted the use of ceftriaxone, the 3rd generation cephalosporin most commonly used by the hospital. During 1999 and 2000, the incidence of CDAD halved as ceftriaxone consumption fell in response to this policy. The effect of this policy was demonstrated in the time series model; during the post-policy period the relationship between ceftriaxone and CDAD that was evident prior to the policy was cancelled out. From the individual-level data, obtained from the case-control study, a reduction in the prevalence of exposure to 3rd generation cephalosporins from 11% to 1% accounted for a 30% reduction in the incidence of CDAD. Data from the case-control study was also used to analyse the independent contribution of CDAD to length of stay and admission costs using multiple linear regression
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Van, Tyle Kendall M. "The Molecular Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile: Description of Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea (CDAD) Following a Formulary Change From Levofloxacin to Gatifloxacin." The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624511.

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Class of 2006 Abstract
Background: The processes’ underlying a recent rise in the rate of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) at the Southern Arizona Veterans Administration Health Care System (SAVAHS) is unclear. Past changes to formulary in workhorse oral flouroquinolone from levofloxacin to gatifloxacin are under scrutiny. An infection-control component was also possible. Methods: 142 patients suspected of having CDAD had stool specimens submitted for toxin assay from late July to late Oct of 2004. A retrospective chart review was performed using the Veterans Administration Computerized Patient Record System (CPRS) to examine total antibiotic use in the three months prior to having specimens submitted for laboratory toxin analysis. A subset-analysis was performed on 100 specimens submitted for toxin analysis. Parallel culture was performed and 9 isolates of C. difficile were obtained for molecular analysis and fingerprinting. Results: Of the 142 patients sampled, 20 tested positive for C. difficile toxin with the remaining 122 patients testing negative. Antibiotic usage was categorized by total antibiotic use and gatifloxacin use. 98 patients received at least 1 antibiotic within the preceding 3 months with 44 patients receiving no antibiotic therapy of any kind. Of the 98 patients that received antibiotic therapy, 44 received gatifloxacin, however, all of these patients also received at least one other antibiotic. Of the nine isolates fingerprinted, two distinct genetic clusters were identified.
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Moore, Melissa Kay. "A Description of Cases of Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea Cases within the University Healthsystem Consortium." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd_retro/53.

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Introduction: Recently, Clostridium difficile has garnered both national and international attention, occurring with greater frequency, severity and resistance to standard treatments. In 2001, Clostridium difficile-associated disease, CDAD, became epidemic and its rate doubled from 2000 to 2003. As a substantial cause of healthcare-associated morbidity, CDAD is no longer just a pharmacotherapy nuisance. Specifically, the objectives of this research are to determine the incidence of both primary and secondary cases of CDAD among patients in the UHC database, determine how many primary cases had previous admissions with secondary cases of CDAD, and determine how many primary cases go on to be readmitted as primary or secondary cases.Methods: This cross-sectional study used the dataset from the University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) covering the first quarter of 2002 through the second quarter of 2006, to identify the incidence of primary and secondary CDAD within hospitals participating in the UHC's Clinical Resource Manager (CRM) program. The UHC-CRM database was used to provide epidemiologic data in regards to CDAD cases, hospital-wide variables and patient characteristics. The data was analyzed using SAS statistical software.Results: During the time period studied, a total of 17,636 CDAD cases were identified out of 2,805,901 total hospital discharges. Of those, 80.4% or 14,178 fit the definition of primary with 3,454 cases labeled as secondary. The mean discharge rate of primary CDAD cases, per 1,000 adult discharges among CRM-participating hospitals per quarter, ranged from 3.14 (SD 2.33) to 6.72 (SD 4.0). The mean incidence of secondary CDAD per 1,000 adult discharges among CRM-participating hospitals per quarter, ranged from 0.79 (SD 0.74) to 1.59 (SD 0.86). The mean discharge rate of all CDAD cases, per 1,000 (adult discharges) among CRM-participating hospitals per quarter, ranged from 3.93 (SD 3.04) to 8.11 (SD 4.52). The rate of CDAD case discharges shows an increasing trend, more than doubling from 2002 to 2006. Among previous primary CDAD admissions, 7.75% were readmitted as a primary CDAD cases (p-value Conclusions: CDAD cases are on the rise, with all CDAD cases diagnosed on discharge from doubling from 2002 to 2006. There is no current national surveillance system for tracking CDAD cases. This study begins to shed light on the increasing incidence of CDAD cases within the hospital setting. By providing a baseline, future research can use this information to make more extensive tracking and surveillance systems for CDAD cases.
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Haslett, Kirsten, Michael Herman, and David Lee. "Probiotics in the Prevention of Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea in the Acute Care Setting." The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614188.

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Class of 2014 Abstract
Specific Aims: Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) frequently occurs in patients exposed to broad-spectrum antibiotics which can result in a life threatening illness. The role of probiotics in the prevention of CDAD is not well established and many medical centers across the United States are opting to remove probiotics from common CDAD prophylaxis. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of lactobacillus probiotics during the use of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy in the acute care setting for the prophylaxis of CDAD at Kindred Hospital. Methods: We performed a single center, retrospective data analysis efficacy trial of inpatients receiving beta-lactam, fluoroquinolone or clindamycin antibiotics from the Kindred Hospital database. Two study groups will be compared: patients who received lactobacillus probiotic therapy based on protocol since May 2011 and patients who did not receive probiotic therapy. The presence or absence of CDAD will be used to evaluate probiotic efficacy. Main Results: Of the ### patients screened, ## were assigned to the treatment group and ## were assigned to the non-treatment group, a total of ## patients were analyzed for the primary endpoint. CDAD occurred in ## patients (xx%) receiving probiotic therapy while CDAD occurred in ## patients (xx%) not receiving probiotic therapy (relative risk [RR]: xx.x; p=0.xxx). Conclusion: [Anticipated] We identified no statistically significant evidence that the use of lactobacillus was effective in the prevention of CDAD. Further knowledge of the pathophysiology of CDAD and proper antibiotic use is needed for future studies.
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Edwards-Marshall, Marva. "EFFECTIVENESS OF PROBIOTICS IN PREVENTING ANTIBIOTIC ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA AND CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE IN LONG TERM CARE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2944.

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Purpose: Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) and clostridium-difficile diarrhea (CDAD) are the most common forms of infectious diarrhea in long term care facilities. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of probiotics in preventing AAD and CDAD in the long term care geriatric population, and to identify interventions which can be used to improve clinical practice. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. The study population consisted of residents of a LTC facility who were sixty-five years of age and older who were administered antibiotic therapies with or without co-administration of probiotics. A data collection instrument which was created for this study was piloted prior to its use in the study. Chi-square test of independence and Cochran s Q were the proposed statistical analysis procedures used to determine relationships between variables. Results: Eighty-three residents received antibiotics. In the forty-four residents who were administered probiotic with antibiotic, five cases of diarrhea were reported. In the thirty-nine residents who received antibiotics without probiotics, two cases of diarrhea were reported. Analysis with chi-square test of independence comparing the relationship between antibiotic administration with and without probiotic and AAD prevention, was (X²(1) =1.041, p=0.308). No cases of CDAD were found in the group who received antibiotic (s) and a probiotic. One case of CDAD was found in the group which received no probiotic with the antibiotic. Analysis with chi-square test of independence comparing the relationship between antibiotic administration with or without probiotic and CDAD prevention was (X²(1) =1.142, p=0.285). Discussion/Implication: The results of this study showed no statistically significant evidence to support the effectiveness of probiotic use in the prevention of AAD or CDAD in this population. The incidence of AAD was higher in the group who received a probiotic at the time of antibiotic administration.
D.N.P.
School of Nursing
Health and Public Affairs
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Alhammad, Ali. "THE USE OF LACTOBACILLUS IN THE TREATMENT OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION IN HOSPITALIZED ADULT PATIENTS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2447.

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Steele, Susan Elaine. "Development of an Ecological Model to Predict Risk for Acquisition of Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea During Acute Care Hospitalization." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002367.

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Hardt, Christian [Verfasser]. "Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors for severe clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea : importance of co-morbidity and serum C-reactive protein / Christian Hardt." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1011338270/34.

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Books on the topic "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea"

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O'Dowd, David. Incidence of clostridium difficile strains associated with hospital acquired diarrhoea. 1996.

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Antibiotic Associated Diarrhoea and Colitis: The role of Clostridium difficile in gastrointestinal disorders. Springer, 2011.

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Borriello, S. P. Antibiotic Associated Diarrhoea and Colitis: The Role of Clostridium Difficile in Gastrointestinal Disorders. Springer, 2011.

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Bowker, Lesley K., James D. Price, Ku Shah, and Sarah C. Smith. Infection and immunity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198738381.003.0024.

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This chapter provides information on the ageing immune system, an overview of infection in older people, antibiotic use in older patients, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), disease caused by MRSA, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea, near-patient urine tests, asymptomatic bacteriuria, urinary tract infection, treatment of urinary tract infection, recurrent urinary tract infection, and varicella-zoster infection.
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Clostridum Difficile-Associated Diarrhea. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2011.

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Gentile, Teresa. A retrospective analysis of risk factors and prognostic outcomes in patients with clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea"

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Abbasi, Adeel, Francis DeRoos, José Artur Paiva, J. M. Pereira, Brian G. Harbrecht, Donald P. Levine, Patricia D. Brown, et al. "Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea." In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 567–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_156.

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Gerding, D. N. "Treatment of Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea and Colitis." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 127–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06272-2_7.

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Szajewska, Hania. "Probiotics in Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea and Clostridium difficile Infection." In Probiotics in Pediatric Medicine, 207–18. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-289-6_15.

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Surawicz, Christina M. "Probiotics and Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea and Clostridium difficile Infection." In Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and Technology, 825–43. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79058-9_21.

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López-Ureña, Diana, Carlos Quesada-Gómez, César Rodríguez, and Esteban Chaves-Olarte. "Role of Clostridium difficile Toxins in Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea and Pseudomembranous Colitis." In Microbial Toxins, 1–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6725-6_17-1.

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López-Ureña, Diana, Carlos Quesada-Gómez, César Rodríguez, and Esteban Chaves-Olarte. "Role of Clostridium difficile Toxins in Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea and Pseudomembranous Colitis." In Toxinology, 153–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6449-1_17.

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Ueno, Kazue, Hideki Kohno, Toyoko Kobayashi, and Kunitomo Watanabe. "Biochemical Characteristics and Actions of Toxins from Clostridium Difficile Isolated From Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea in Japan." In Microbial Toxins in Foods and Feeds, 213–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0663-4_21.

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Bowker, Lesley K., James D. Price, and Sarah C. Smith. "Infection and immunity." In Oxford Handbook of Geriatric Medicine, 605–26. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199586097.003.0024.

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The ageing immune system 606 Overview of infection in older people 608 HOW TO . . . Accurately diagnose infection in an older patient 609 Antibiotic use in older patients 610 Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 611 Disease caused by MRSA 612 HOW TO . . . Control MRSA 613 Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea ...
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Marks, Daniel, and Marcus Harbord. "Gastroenteritis." In Emergencies in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 75–89. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199231362.003.0006.

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Community-acquired gastroenteritis Specific pathogens Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea Travellers’ diarrhoea Parasitic infections Potential pitfalls Acute diarrhoea and vomiting are most frequently infectious in origin. In immunocompetent individuals, illness is typically self-limiting, with no intervention required beyond oral rehydration. If symptoms persist beyond 14d, they are classified as persistent, and often non-infectious or parasitic. Diarrhoea may be generated through osmotic, secretory or inflammatory mechanisms, or by increased motility. Infectious agents can elicit disease through any of these by mucosal adherence and invasion, or enterotoxin production....
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Damani, Nizam. "Special pathogens." In Manual of Infection Prevention and Control, 338–427. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198815938.003.0009.

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This section includes infection prevention and control (IPC) measures require for bloodborne viral infections, i.e. hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV infection, gastrointestinal infections, i.e. Clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea, norovirus, and rotavirus, microorganisms spread via respiratory route, e.g. tuberculosis, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus (SARS and MERS-CoV), and Legionnaires’ disease. Separate parts deal with other common infections, e.g. varicella zoster virus (VZV), meningococcal infections, viral haemorrhagic fevers e.g. Lassa, Ebola, Marburg and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever and human prion diseases, e.g. Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD). It also includes IPC advice on the management of scabies and infestation with lice and fleas.
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Conference papers on the topic "Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea"

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Major, G., L. Bradshaw, N. Boota, K. Sprange, A. Jawhari, M. Diggle, A. Montgomery, and R. Spiller. "PWE-050 Follow-on rifaximin for the prevention of recurrence in clostridium difficile associated diarrhoea: a randomised controlled trial." In British Society of Gastroenterology, Annual General Meeting, 19–22 June 2017, Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314472.295.

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Norena, Monica, Hubert Wong, Najib Ayas, and Peter M. Dodek. "ICU Length Of Stay And Mortality Attributed To ICU-Acquired Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a2372.

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