Academic literature on the topic 'Closed-circuit television – great britain'
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Journal articles on the topic "Closed-circuit television – great britain"
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VLADZYMYRSKYY, ANTON. "«MEDICAL TELEVISION»: HISTORICAL STAGE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN MEDICINE (1930-1960)." History and Modern Perspectives 4, no. 3 (September 28, 2022): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2658-4654-2022-4-3-115-122.
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In the middle of the 20th century, television technologies found their application in various fields of medical science and practice, in particular in instrumental diagnostics and radiology. Interactive teleconferences have become the technical basis for distant consultations (medical videoconferencing). The emergence of two-way exchange of video and audio information in real time preceded by the period of one-way television communication (so-called «medical television»). Objective: to identify, systematize and comparatively study the patterns of development of scientific and practical knowledge related to the use of one-way television technologies in medicine. The «medical television» used in medicine in the period of 1930-1960s to organize closed (non-public) broadcasts for educational purposes. The use of «medical television» in European countries was discrete. In the United States, the use of «medical television» was purely applied, but it was very large-scale. Television broadcasts have become an indispensable component of professional conferences and congresses. In the USSR, the scientific and technical development of «medical television» followed the path of intrahospital broadcasts only. A distinctive feature was a number of development and research works in the 1950s-1960s for creation of specialized television equipment and the scientific substantiation of the requirements for the parameters of the broadcast image. Developed equipment was mass-produced. The technologies of «medical television» were introduce into the activities of medical educational institutions for the routine teaching of surgical disciplines in the USSR, USA, Great Britain, France, etc.
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NAKAMURA, Mariko. "Study on the Cross-Examination of Witnesses by Closed Circuit Television." Institute of Legal Myongji University 21, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 175–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.53066/mlr.2023.21.2.175.
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Japan introduced a protective measure for witnesses including victims to testify by closed circuit television through the amendment to the Code of Criminal Procedure in May 2000 to alleviate their psychological burden during testimony at trial. Its scope was expanded in June 2016 and is under consideration by one of the subcommittees of the Legislative Council of the Ministry of Justice for additional expansion at this writing in January 2023.
Criminal defendants, on the other hand, have the right to examine all witnesses. There are discussions on whether the right is constitutionally affected by using closed circuit television. The Supreme Court of Japan ruled the then-provision constitutional in 2005 but it is necessary to carefully examine the meaning of “face-to-face confrontation” during testimony and the need to restrict the right. Therefore, this article considers what should be taken into account to allow witnesses to testify through closed circuit television with reference to Crawford v. Washington judged by the Supreme Court of the United States in 2004, which put great value on “face-to-face confrontation” in relation to the similar right as the Japanese one, and the subsequent discussions in the United States.
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Liu, Xinglong, Yicheng Li, Yong Wu, Zhiyuan Wang, Wei He, and Zhixiong Li. "A Hybrid Method for Inland Ship Recognition Using Marine Radar and Closed-Circuit Television." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 11 (October 30, 2021): 1199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111199.
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Vessel recognition plays important role in ensuring navigation safety. However, existing methods are mainly based on a single sensor, such as automatic identification system (AIS), marine radar, closed-circuit television (CCTV), etc. To this end, this paper proposes a coarse-to-fine recognition method by fusing CCTV and marine radar, called multi-scale matching vessel recognition (MSM-VR). This method first proposes a novel calibration method that does not use any additional calibration target. The calibration is transformed to solve an N point registration model. Furthermore, marine radar image is used for coarse detection. A region of interest (ROI) area is computed for coarse detection results. Lastly, we design a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) called VesNet and transform the recognition into feature extraction. The VesNet is used to extract the vessel features. As a result, the MVM-VR method has been validated by using actual datasets collected along different waterways such as Nanjing waterway and Wuhan waterway, China, covering different times and weather conditions. Experimental results show that the MSM-VR method can adapt to different times, different weather conditions, and different waterways with good detection stability. The recognition accuracy is no less than 96%. Compared to other methods, the proposed method has high accuracy and great robustness.
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Xiao, Lei, Minghai Xu, and Zhongyi Hu. "Real-Time Inland CCTV Ship Tracking." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (June 12, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1205210.
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The predator algorithm is a representative pioneering work that achieves state-of-the-art performance on several popular visual tracking benchmarks and with great success when commercially applied to real-time face tracking in long-term unconstrained videos. However, there are two major drawbacks of predator algorithm when applied to inland CCTV (closed-circuit television) ship tracking. First, the LK short-term tracker within predator algorithm easily tends to drift if the target ship suffers partial or even full occlusion, mainly because the corner-points-like features employed by LK tracker are very sensitive to occlusion appearance change. Second, the cascaded detector within the predator algorithm searches for candidate objects in a predefined scale set, usually including 3-5 elements, which hampers the tracker to adapt to the potential diverse scale variations of the target ship. In this paper, we design a random projection based short-term tracker which can dramatically ease the tracking drift when the ship is under occlusion. Furthermore, a forward-backward feedback mechanism is proposed to estimate the scale variation between two consecutive frames. We prove that these two strategies gain significant improvements over the predator algorithm and also show that the proposed method outperforms several other state-of-the-art trackers.
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Samadi, Zalina, Dasimah Omar, and Rodzyah Mohd Yunus. "On-Street Visual Analysis on Jalan Hang Jebat, Melaka." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 3, no. 9 (July 1, 2018): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i9.27.
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Outdoor space in between heritage buildings of heritage streets defines as ‘outdoor living room’. Whether it’s impressively ‘heritage’ or ‘commercially’ character; physical and socio-cultural characteristics of the streets have great influence towards eliciting on-street pedestrian model. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between timeframe and density, activity and movement based on the on-street cultural phenomenon. For the purpose of this paper, the presentation unveiled one section of the study which shares the analysis on-street’s aerial-visual data only. Unobtrusive methods were employed through Digital Photography and Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) at Jalan Hang Jebat, Melaka. The objectives of this study are to interpret density, activity and movement analysis.
Keywords: Outstanding Value; Outdoor Living Room; Pedestrian Pattern; Street Shopping.
1394-0384 © 2013. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i9.27
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Atif Ali Shah, Syed, Abdul Hamid, Ahmed Abdel-Wahab, Nasir Ageelani, and Najeeb Najeeb. "Street-crimes modelled arms recognition technique employing deep learning and quantum deep learning." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 30, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i1.pp528-544.
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An increase in population causes loopholes in controlling law and order situations. One of the threatening aspects of peace is the availability of weapons to the general public. As a result, many dangerous situations arise, most notably street crimes. Traditional methods are not sufficient to deal with such situations. Consequently, the police and other security concerns need serious technological reforms to prevent such situations. In modern technology tools, deep learning has made great improvements in various areas of daily life, especially in object detection. This paper presents an efficient technique for detecting weapons from closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras, videos, or images. Upon the detection of the weapon, the concerned person is automatically informed to take the necessary action; without human intervention. For the first time, RetinaNet has been employed to detect weapons in real-time scenarios. RetinaNet has shown remarkable improvement in this domain, by achieving an average of 90% accuracy in real-time scenarios. With the emergence of quantum computing, many computer environments saw a revolution. Thus, we have also utilized quantum computing technology for real-time weapons detection using quantum deep learning. In this paper, quantum inspired RetinaNet (QIR-Net) is developed for weapons detection and amazing results are observed.
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Hong, Jung-Hong, and Yi-Tin Shi. "3D Perspective towards the Development of a Metadata-Driven Sharing Mechanism for Heterogeneous CCTV Systems." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10080550.
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The installation of closed-circuit television monitors (CCTV) has rapidly increased in number ever since the 11 September attacks. With the advantages of direct visual inspection, CCTV systems are widely used on various occasions that require instantaneous and long-term monitoring. Especially for emergency response tasks, the prompt availability of CCTV offers EOC (Emergency Operation Center) commanders much better action reference about the reported incidents. However, the heterogeneity among the CCTV systems impedes the effective and efficient use and sharing of CCTV services hosted by different stakeholders, making individual CCTV systems often operate on their own and restrict the possibility of taking the best advantages of the huge number of existing CCTV systems. This research proposes a metadata-driven approach to facilitate a cross-domain sharing mechanism for heterogeneous CCTV systems. The CCTV metadata includes a set of enriched description information based on the analysis from the aspects of Who, When, Where, What, Why and How (5W1H) for CCTV. Sharing mechanisms based on standardised CCTV metadata can then suffice the need for querying and selecting CCTV across heterogeneous systems according to the task at hand. One distinguished design is the modelling of the field of view (FOV) of CCTV from the 3D perspective. By integrating with the 3D feature-based city model data, the 3D FOV information not only provides better visualisation about the spatial coverage of the CCTV systems but also enables the 3D visibility analysis of CCTV based on individual features, such that the selection decision can be further improved with the indexing of CCTV and features. As the number and variety of CCTV systems continuously grows, the proposed mechanism has a great potential to serve as a solid collaborated foundation for integrating heterogeneous CCTV systems for applications that demand comprehensive and instantaneous understanding about the dynamically changing world, e.g., smart cities, disaster management, criminal investigation, etc.
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Gulam Rasul Zahid. "Role of Technology by Police to Maintain Peace During Muharram." International Journal for Electronic Crime Investigation 8, no. 1 (March 13, 2024): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/ijeci.2024.0801190.
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Over the past several decades, policing agencies have implemented an array of technological advancements to improve operational efficiency. Pakistan has increased security measures across the country for muharram processions carried out for Ashura. Security has been enhanced across the country for the peaceful observance of Ashura due to wave of religious terrorism from previous few decads. For this, a huge personnel of regular police officers, along with an additional reserve officers, are deployed to guard mourning processions and gatherings across the country and to keep the law and order situation under control. Role of police in providing peace during muharram is very significant. Police personel perform their duties for late nights with great spirit during 1st week of Muharram under harsh weather (usually hot days), and danger of terrorism despite limited resources. Good behavior, determination, dedication of police force during the muharram duties is praise worthy and exemplary and it ensured maintenance of atmosphere of law and order work with diligence and commitment. Police officers remain alert to counter any untoward incident and keep keen eye on sensitive areas during Ashura. Police sealed many parts of inner as part of security for Ashura. They blocked roads and streets leading to these places. cellular phone signals remained suspended as part of upgraded security. Checkpoints are kept functional across the country and additional security personnel is served during 9th and10th muharram. District police personnel, bomb disposal units, Scouts, platoons of Constabulary and soldiers are deployed to protect processions and sacred places and authorities took extraordinary measures to confirm the security of people and religious gatherings during Ashura. Police installed closed circuit television cameras (CCTV) along the procession routes. Police champions bear tough circumstances and nothing can down the determination of the of Police force. We hope that the law enforcement agencies would continue to perform their duties in the same way to ensure the protection of life and property of the citizens across the country.
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Smith, Marcus, and Seumas Miller. "The ethical application of biometric facial recognition technology." AI & SOCIETY, April 13, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00146-021-01199-9.
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AbstractBiometric facial recognition is an artificial intelligence technology involving the automated comparison of facial features, used by law enforcement to identify unknown suspects from photographs and closed circuit television. Its capability is expanding rapidly in association with artificial intelligence and has great potential to solve crime. However, it also carries significant privacy and other ethical implications that require law and regulation. This article examines the rise of biometric facial recognition, current applications and legal developments, and conducts an ethical analysis of the issues that arise. Ethical principles are applied to mediate the potential conflicts in relation to this information technology that arise between security, on the one hand, and individual privacy and autonomy, and democratic accountability, on the other. These can be used to support appropriate law and regulation for the technology as it continues to develop.
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Choi, Hyun-Ah, Eunjeong Lee, Eunjeong Kim, Insook Jung, and Donguk Han. "Avian species survey with citizen-science data in Janghang Wetland, Goyang, Republic of Korea." Biodiversity Data Journal 11 (May 31, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.11.e105580.
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Monitoring of avian populations in Janghang Wetland, Goyang, Republic of Korea (ROK) is based on citizen science (also called community-based monitoring). This monitoring data can be used to track avian density, population status and waterbird census at local, national and regional levels. The Ministry of Environment (MoE) ROK has surveyed since 1999, including Odusan Unification Tower to Ilsan Bride, which connects the cities of Gimpo and Goyang along the Han River estuary. However, it has not covered Janghang Wetland, which is located in the Han River estuary at the transboundary between the two Koreas. The Janghang Wetland is a protected wetland in the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) between the two Koreas. In 2019, Janghang Wetland was designated as a Flyway Network Site by Goyang City and the East Asian-Australasian Flyway Partnership. This Network site is a voluntary collaboration and includes many internationally significant wetlands for waterbirds that still lack formal national protection. In addition, it was designated as a Ramsar site in 2021. The wetland currently supports wintering population of White-naped Crane (Grus vipio), species listed as vulnerable and Tundra Bean Goose (Anser cygnoides), spring-autumn migration population of Swan Goose (Anser cygnoid), species listed as vulnerable and a breeding population of Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor), species listed as endangered in summer. We provide data that the Janghang Wetland is a significant area for migration and breeding for waterbirds; and that Han River estuary is also internationally important for waterbirds during the migratory bird season. We observed 14 orders, 42 families and 132 species. The surveys also observed the critically-endangered Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor), Swan Goose (Anser cygnoides), White-naped Crane (Grus vipio), Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus) and Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus). We also observed the Black-faced Spoonbill, Great Egret, Little Egret, Great Cormorant, Eastern Spot-billed Duck, Pheasant and Brown-eared Bulbul at the sensor camera point and White-naped Crane, Hooded Crane, Bean Goose, White-fronted Goose, Snow Goose, Swan Goose, Great Cormorant and Eastern Spot-billed Duck at the closed-circuit television camera point from the camera-trap surveys. Based on the species recorded, the survey area is of clear importance for biodiversity conservation.
Books on the topic "Closed-circuit television – great britain"
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Great Britain. Dept. of Education and Science., ed. Closed circuit TV surveillance systems in educational buildings. London: H.M.S.O., 1991.
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Larsen, Beatrice Von Silva-Tarouca. Setting the watch: Privacy and the ethics of CCTV surveillance. Oxford: Hart Pub., 2011.
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Newburn, Tim. Policing, Surveillance and Social Control. Routledge, 2012.
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Newburn, Tim, and Stephanie Hayman. Policing, Surveillance and Social Control. Willan Publishing, 2012.
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Newburn, Tim, and Stephanie Hayman. Policing, Surveillance and Social Control. Willan Publishing, 2012.
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McCahill, Mike. Surveillance Web. Willan Publishing, 2013.
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Coleman, Roy. Reclaiming the Streets. Willan Publishing, 2012.
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Coleman, Roy. Reclaiming the Streets. Willan Publishing, 2012.
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McCahill, Mike. Surveillance Web. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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McCahill, Mike. Surveillance Web. Willan Publishing, 2013.
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