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Journal articles on the topic 'Clinical observational study'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Joseph, Shiji, Lulu Mathews, and Vijayakumar M. Vijayakumar M. "An Observational Study of the Clinical Profile of Congenital Hypothyroidism in Children." Asian Journal of Medical Research 8, no. 1 (March 2019): PE01—PE05. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ajmr.2019.8.1.pe1.

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Shilpa, D. Saxena, and Shabina. "THE CYSTIC ARTERY: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ITS VARIANTS." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 8, no. 4.1 (November 10, 2020): 7788–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2020.223.

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Background: Cystic artery variations are frequent and important for invasive as well as invasive procedure around the hepatibiliary area. Variation can be in term of origin, course and termination of CA. Aim: Aim was to identify new type of Cystic arterial variation in term of origin, no. of CA, and termination and surgical implications of these variations. Materials and methods: Study was carried out at department of anatomy, S.M.S Medical college and hospitals Jaipur (Raj). Total 60 cadaver were included in the study. Ethical clearance was taken for the same. Subjects with history of abdominal surgery around Hepatobiliary area were excluded. Result: Source of origin of SCA was RHA (majority of cases), Aberrant RHA, SMA, HAP. DCA was observed in 13.34% cases. Accessory CA arose from RHA, ARHA, HAP, PSPD. Compound DCA was observed in 5% cases. Longer CA was observed in the study. Conclusion: Variation related to CA are essential to keep in mind while dealing with Hepatobiliary area during invasive and non invasive procedures as well. KEY WORDS: Cystic, Hepatobiliary, Cystic arterial variation.

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Zehra, Amreen. "A Demographic Study of Chronic Bronchitis: An Observational Study." Journal of Integrated Community Health 10, no. 02 (December 30, 2021): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.202105.

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Background: Chronic bronchitis is a global public health problem affecting those over the age of 40, and it will continue to be a challenge in the future. It is a leading cause of chronic morbidity and mortality around the world.Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the demographic status of chronic bronchitis patients.Materials and Methods: It is an open-label clinical study conducted on 50 diagnosed patients who visited the Moalejat, Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, selected for further inquiry regarding age, sex, occupation, temperament, seasonal variations, etiological factors. Results: In the present study, among the patients selected for chronic bronchitis,it was observed that maximum participants 17(34.0%) belonged to the age group of 60-65 years and patients were also evaluated based on the history of risk factors. Among various risk factors, cigarette smoking is a vital risk factor, accounting for 94% of patients in our study.Conclusion: In conclusion, every tool should be leveraged to raise CB awareness and implement an effective COPD/CB early detection programme in our community.

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Turner, Dana P., and Timothy T. Houle. "Observational Study Designs." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 59, no. 7 (July 2019): 981–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/head.13572.

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Wang, Li, Hui Ge, Guohong Wei, Longyun Pong, Liqiu Wu, and Huijuan Ye. "Berberine and Prediabetes: A Clinical Observational Study." Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 10, no. 04 (2020): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2020.104017.

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H.N, Dr Ravindra. "Patency of Peripheral Venous Catheter: An Observational Study." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 5 (May 25, 2020): 7057–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i5/pr2020712.

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Kim, Min Ju, Hyeon Kyu Choi, Hyun Ji Cha, Young Rok Lee, Hyun jin Jang, So jeong Kim, Ju Hyun Jeon, and Young Il Kim. "Clinical study on recurrent Bell’s palsy: A retrospective observational study." Journal of Korean Medicine 43, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 8–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.13048/jkm.22016.

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Objectives: This study is designed to statistically analyze characteristics, treatment effect and prognosis of patients who were treated for the recurrent Bell’s palsyMethods: This study retrospectively analyzed the medical records and telephone questionnaire of 82 patients treated with the recurrent Bell’s palsy at the OO Korean Medicine hospital from August 01, 2018 to July 31, 2021.Results: The lower the EQ-VAS® and HB scale before and after treatment, the higher the satisfaction with the treatment. The average of the number of days and duration of outpatient treatment for male was longer than that for female. The average number of days and duration of outpatient treatment in the group that received combined treatment was longer than that of patients who received Korean Medicine only. The higher the satisfaction of treatment, the higher the willingness to receive treatment in the event of recurrent facial palsy. HB scale after treatment was the lowest in their 40s, and the average value of HB scale after treatment tended to increase as age increased except for those in their 40s.Conclusion: This study showed that the lower the HB scale after treatment, the lower the EQ-VAS®, the higher the treatment satisfaction, and the higher the probability receiving treatment if the facial paralysis recurs. Those in their 10s to 40s showed excellent results after treatment. Comparatively, those in their 50s and above showed a little effect after treatment. Gender, affected side, history of facial palsy, season of onset, age, hypertension and diabetes had no statistically significance with recurrent Bell’s palsy prognosis.

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Kanani, Bipin, and Nirav J. Garala. "A clinical observational study in cases of eclampsia." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 9 (August 26, 2019): 3524. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193770.

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Background: Eclampsia is a life threatening condition and one of the leading causes of maternal deaths worldwide. It is also associated with complications like acute renal failure, DIC, postpartum hemorrhage, etc. and adverse fetal outcomes. Hence we aimed to study fetomaternal outcomes in cases of Eclampsia.Methods: A total of 75 cases of eclampsia out of 13524 deliveries were evaluated, from 1st January 2016 to 30th June 2017 at RZ Hospital, a government tertiary referral centre. Maternal outcomes were studied for its complications, effectiveness of magnesium sulphate treatment, fetal outcome and mode of delivery.Results: Incidence rate of eclampsia was 0.55%, 62.66% of all cases were primigravida, 76% of cases were in age group of 21-26 years, 84% cases were from lower socio economic status, maternal mortality occurred in 2 of 75 cases. 66.67% of patients were of term pregnancy (37 to 42 weeks). 71%(53) patients delivered vaginally out of which 9 deliveries were spontaneous and 44 deliveries were induced vaginal delivery. 22 patients required caesarean section.Conclusions: Early detection and prevention of pregnancy induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia and other associated risk factors for eclampsia might help to reduce the incidence of eclampsia. Maternal adverse outcomes in this study were magnesium toxicity, acute renal failure (ARF), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and post partum hemorrhage (PPH) while 92% patients had no complications.

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R., Geetha Lakshmi, Bommireddy Pranavi, Neethu George, and K. Saraswathi. "A clinical observational study on second-trimester abortion." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20201008.

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Background: Second-trimester abortion is an important component of the comprehensive women’s health care. Data’s regarding second-trimester abortion is still under-reporting. Though the percentage of induced second-trimester abortion is low, its morbidity is higher than the first-trimester induced abortion. The abortion related mortality usually increases with the age of gestation.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, over a period of one year. The data were collected from the medical case records and we have analyzed on the epidemiology, etiologies, complications and the methods of second- trimester abortion using statistical analysis.Results: In this study, there was no standard regimen of mifepristone and misoprostol were used for second-trimester abortion. The dosages were varied based on the gestational age of pregnancy. As the gestational age progresses, the amount of misoprostol required for the induction of second trimester abortion decreases and the difference is statistically significant. There was no reported case of rupture uterus, but varied complications such as post-abortal hemorrhage, retained placenta, need for blood transfusion, uterine perforation and one maternal death were reported during the study period.Conclusions: In order to reduce the morbidity and mortality of second trimester abortion, more policies and monitored services have to be rendered by the health system. Data regarding the second trimester abortion have to be improved.

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Krishna, Dr Kajal, and Dr Neeta Natu. "Gestational diabetes: A clinical observational non randomized study." International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2020): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/gynae.2020.v4.i2c.514.

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Krishna, Dr Kajal, and Dr Neeta Natu. "Gestational diabetes: A clinical observational non-randomized study." International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2020): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/gynae.2020.v4.i2c.516.

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C, Dr Chandrashekaraiah K., and Dr Chinnabovi. "Clinical profile of intestinal obstruction: An observational study." International Journal of Surgery Science 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 04–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/surgery.2019.v3.i2a.02.

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BIRD, JONATHAN M., and ZOSIA A. JOSEPH. "Levetiracetam in clinical use—a prospective observational study." Seizure 12, no. 8 (December 2003): 613–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1059-1311(03)00143-2.

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14

Chakraborty, P., Subhash Kaushik, S. Nain, Pramodji Singh, Ojit Singh, K. Das, Darshan Singh, V. Singh, and M. Rai. "Clinical Verification of Ichthyolum - A multicentric observational study." Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy 6, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53945/2320-7094.1703.

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15

Haymond, Shannon. "Realities of Observational Study Registration." Clinical Chemistry 60, no. 8 (August 1, 2014): 1128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2014.226258.

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Jat, Yashdeep, Krishnendra Varma, Ujjwal Kumar, and Aishwarya Mahadik. "An observational study of Vitiligo." IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 8, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijced.2022.008.

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: Vitiligo is a common form of localised depigmentation. It is a non-contagious acquired condition resulting from the progressive loss of melanocytes which is characterised by totally amelanotic, non scaly, chalky-white macule with distinct margins.To study the clinical and epidemiological profile of vitiligo patients.: In this observational cross-sectional study total 40 vitiligo patients were included in this study. Detail history and clinical examination of patients were done.: In this study majority of the vitiligo patient belonged to the age group of 21-40 years. The mean age of vitiligo cases in this study was 24 years. In the present study the male: female ratio was 1:1. Among 40 cases, about 26 cases were unstable and only 14 were stable. In the present study, the most common type of vitiligo found was vulgaris type and the mean duration of disease in vitiligo cases was around 9 years. In our study, 10 patients had positive family history of vitiligo. Our observations are essentially consistent with the literature, there was no difference in clinico-epidemiological features of vitiligo.

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Kothari, Dr Bhavin. "Clinical study and surgical management of diabetic foot: An observational study." International Journal of Surgery Science 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/surgery.2022.v6.i1c.831.

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Koganti, Charan Teja, and Neeta Sagar Bobba. "Clinical Study on Psychiatric Morbidity in Suicide Attempters- A Observational Study." Asian Journal of Medical Research 9, no. 2 (July 5, 2020): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47009/ajmr.2020.9.2.py2.

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Background: Suicide is a tragic and serious preventable public health problem all over the world. It is one of the three leading causes of death globally. Usually suicide has no single cause. It is the endpoint of an individual process, in which several cultural, social, situational, psychological, and biological factors interact. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the nature of psychiatric morbidity and it’s severity in patients who have attempted suicide, its relation to the socio-demographic and clinical variables and the particulars of the current attempt. Subjects and Methods: Fifty patients with alleged history of suicide attempt were evaluated. Tools used were Socio Economic Status Schedule, Suicide Intent Scale and Comprehensive Psychopathology Rating Scale. ICD 10-AM Symptom Check List was used to evaluate and find out psychiatric diagnosis and final diagnosis was made on the basis of ICD-10- Classification of mental and behavioral disorders, Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR-10). Results: Most subjects are in the age group of 18-30, married, Hindus, with a primary education, semi-skilled workers with average monthly income of more than 3000 rupees from a nuclear family of semi urban area and belong to SESS category III. Adjustment disorder with brief depressive reaction is the most common diagnosis made and the diagnosis has statistically significant relation with past attempt, recent stressors, and motive. Type of attempt, method used, venue, lethality, and medical complication of the attempt have significant relation with, substance dependence and its total duration, gender, medication history and total duration of symptoms. Suicide intent score is statistically related with gender, total duration of symptoms, family history, motive, venue and lethality. Conclusion: Significant proportions of the individuals who attempt suicide have psychiatric morbidity. Attempted suicide can be considered to be a distinct sub- group of psychiatric symptoms which is usually neglected but is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in subjects with psychiatric disorders. Patients who attempt suicide require special attention and management by all the medical professionals.

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Chakraborty, PS, RajK Manchanda, Pramodji Singh, SS Nayan, Ojit Singh, PK Pradhan, DK Singh, Subhranil Saha, Munmun Koley, and Chaturbhuja Nayak. "Mygale lasiodora: A multicentric observational homoeopathic clinical verification study." Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy 9, no. 4 (2015): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-7168.172869.

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Thangappah, Radha B. P., C. Suhashini Karnal, Monika R. Ravichandran, Alagu Sakthi Sowparnika, and Pavithra Sundaravadivelu. "Clinical significance of umbilical cord abnormalities: an observational study." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, no. 6 (May 26, 2022): 1727. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20221448.

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Background: The well being of a foetus depends on the uncompromised placental function and normal blood flow through the umbilical vessels. If there are umbilical cord abnormalities, it can lead to perinatal complications. The aim of the study was to analyse the prevalence of umbilical cord abnormalities and to study the relationship between the cord abnormalities and intrapartum complications.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Chennai, from September 2020 to August 2021. Four hundred mothers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. At the time of delivery, umbilical cord , intrapartum and neonatal details were noted. The association between the cord length and parameters such as nuchal coiling, FHR changes, mode of delivery, APGAR at birth and NICU admissions were analysed and the statistical significance was derived.Results: The mean cord length was 57.44±20.11 cms. 65% had normal cord length, 15% had short cords and 20% of babies had long cords. Nuchal coiling was seen in 31.75%, cord prolapse in 0.75% and true knot in 1% of cases. Cases with long cords were associated with statistically significant increase in the incidence of nuchal cords, multiple cords, FHR abnormalities, operative interventions and birth asphyxia. The presence of short cord was not associated with significant adverse maternal and perinatal outcome.Conclusions: This study showed that 35% of all deliveries were complicated by abnormal cord length and other cord complications. It is important to document these findings in the event of antenatal or intrapartum complications.

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Lopez-Delgado, J. C., L. Servia-Goixart, T. Grau-Carmona, E. Portugal-Rodriguez, E. Mor-Marco, C. Lorencio-Cardenas, R. Gastaldo-Simeon, E. Navas-Moya, J. F. Martinez-Carmona, and J. C. Yebenes-Reyes. "Parenteral nutrition in clinical practice: a multicenter observational study." Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 46 (December 2021): S650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.306.

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Oliveira, Maria Christina L. A., Benigna M. Oliveira, Mitiko Murao, Zilma Maria Vieira, Letícia T. Gresta, and Marcos B. Viana. "Clinical course of autoimmune hemolytic anemia: an observational study." Jornal de Pediatria 82, no. 1 (March 3, 2006): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2223/jped.1438.

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Bundgaard Madsen, Emma, Erik Sloth, Britta Skov Illum, and Peter Juhl‐Olsen. "The clinical performance of midline catheters—An observational study." Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 64, no. 3 (December 22, 2019): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aas.13516.

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Granberg-Axèll, Anetth, Ingegerd Bergbom, and Dag Lundberg. "Clinical signs of ICU syndrome/delirium: an observational study." Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 17, no. 2 (April 2001): 72–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/iccn.2000.1539.

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Aboud, Orwa, Ayman Al-Salaimeh, Sunil Kumar Raina, Kinshuk Sahaya, and Archana Hinduja. "Positive clinical signs in neurological diseases – An observational study." Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 59 (January 2019): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2018.10.113.

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Zeppegno, P., R. Rolla, V. Dalo, F. Ressico, A. Parafioriti, P. Prosperini, G. Bellomo, and E. Torre. "Venlafaxine and CYP2D6 in clinical practice: An observational study." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72756-0.

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IntroductionVenlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine inhibitor, mainly metabolized by CYP2D6 to its active metabolite ODV. Depending on CYP2D6 activity, patients may be identified as Poor, Intermediate, Extensive or Ultrarapid Metabolizers. There is some evidence that a PM phenotype is associated with poor tolerance more often than an EM; while a UM patient would only respond to a greater dose of Venlafaxine1.ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of CYP2D6 phenotype on the efficacy of Venlafaxine XR in depressed patients.MethodsThis observational study evaluated 27 Caucasian adult patients (F = 18, M = 9), satisfying DSM-IV criteria for Major Depressive, Bipolar Disorder or Personality Disorder receiving treatment with Venlafaxine 75–300 mg/die.CYP2D6 alleles were evaluated with INFINITI CYP2D6 assay, which employs AutoGenomics proprietary film-based microarray technology.ResultsMost patients were identified as EMs, 4 as PMs, while only one was identified as UM. The only statistically significant difference between Extensive and Poor Metabolizers was, in contrast with current literature, the need of a greater mean dose of Venlafaxine in the second group (225 mg/die vs 159.38 mg/die, t student: p = 0.01).Likewise, in contrast with literature, the UM patient was responsive to average doses of Venlafaxine.On the contrary, we found no statistically significant differences as far as efficacy, adverse events or duration of treatment are concerned.ConclusionsIn our sample, CYP2D6 metabolizer status does not seem to affect treatment response nor adverse events related to Venlafaxine.

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Burke, Lola, Lesley-Ann Miller, Ayman Saad, and Jame Abraham. "Smoking Behaviors Among Cancer Survivors: An Observational Clinical Study." Journal of Oncology Practice 5, no. 1 (January 2009): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.0912001.

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Purpose: Smoking is a well-recognized risk factor for several cancers including cancers of the lung, bladder, and head and neck. Studies have shown that smoking can adversely affect the outcomes of different modalities of cancer treatment. This study examines smoking behaviors among cancer survivors to collect information necessary to create successful smoking cessation interventions. Methods: For this observational clinical study, questionnaires were sent to 1,000 randomly selected patients diagnosed with cancer between 2003 and 2007 in one cancer center. Data were statistically analyzed to determine the likelihood of a patient quitting smoking after being diagnosed with cancer. Results: We received 187 responses from the 1,000 surveys sent (18.7%). Of these, 166 were usable for analysis. The mean age of respondents was 64 (± 13) years. Men were more likely than women to be past smokers (55% of men and 32% of women respectively, P = .003). Fifty-two percent of respondents reported having a history of smoking. However, only 20% of patients reported having been active smokers at the time they were diagnosed with cancer. Furthermore, only 44% of these reported having quit smoking after their diagnosis with cancer. Only 62% of all respondents reported that they had been informed of the dangers of smoking by their health care provider during cancer treatment. Conclusion: In our study sample, less than one half (44%) of smoking cancer patients quit smoking after their cancer diagnosis, and only 62% of smoking cancer patients received smoking cessation counseling from their physicians. Intervention programs are needed to help cancer survivors to quit smoking. Prospective clinical trials may help identify the ideal intervention for smoking cessation.

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Swaminathan, K. "Reducing Clinical Inertia in Diabetes Management: An observational study." Apollo Medicine 11, no. 4 (December 2014): 261–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apme.2014.11.002.

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Pietro, Marino. "Cancer-related fatigue syndrome: an osteopathic observational clinical study." European Journal of Integrative Medicine 4 (September 2012): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2012.07.512.

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UEDA, Shinichiro. "S11-1. Randomised Clinical Trial and Observational Study for Unsolved Clinical Questions." Rinsho yakuri/Japanese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 40, no. 3 (2009): 111S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3999/jscpt.40.111s.

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Tilea, Brindusa, Simona Teches, S. Voidazan, Klara Brinzaniuc, and I. Tilea. "Infective Endocarditis – An Observational Study." ARS Medica Tomitana 21, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arsm-2015-0026.

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Abstract Introduction: Despite all the progresses made in the management of infectious and cardiovascular diseases, the incidence of infective endocarditis remains high. Aim: the assessment of etiological, clinical, therapeutic aspects in patients with endocarditis. Material and method: A retrospective observational study in 40 patients with infective endocarditis was conducted, over a period of 5 years. Parameters related to demographic, risk factors, clinical aspects, nature and location of valve damage, bacteriological and therapeutic parameters were assessed. Echocardiography was used to confirm the location of the endocarditis; the aetiology of the disease was identified through the isolation of bacteria from blood cultures by using an automatic BacT/ALERT® system. Results: Patients’ age ranged between 31 - 84 years old. The disease was present predominantly in male patients (67.5%). 70% of the patients were positively diagnosed with endocarditis and 30% with possible endocarditis; the most frequent localization was the native valves in 75% of the cases, compared to the localization in the prosthetic valves, 25%; the aortic valve was involved in 60% of the cases, mitral valve in 40% of the patients. Aetiology of endocarditis was confirmed in 55% of cases as follows: Enterococcus fecalis, speciae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus gallolyticus, coagulase-positive methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, coagulasepositive methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus lungdunensis, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus gordonii, viridans, agalactiae. Antibiotic treatment was administered according to the antibiogram in 55% of the cases. Conclusions: Staphylococcus speciae was the most frequent etiologic agent both in case of native and prosthetic valve endocarditis, with aortic valve predominance.

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Russo, Giovanni, Anatole Harrois, James Anstey, Mathieu Van Der Jagt, Fabio Taccone, Andrew Udy, Giuseppe Citerio, et al. "Early sedation in traumatic brain injury: a multicentre international observational study." Critical Care and Resuscitation 24, no. 4 (December 5, 2022): 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51893/2022.4.oa2.

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OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the use of sedation in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), focusing on the choice of sedative agent, dose, duration, and their association with clinical outcomes. DESIGN: Multinational, multicentre, retrospective observational study. SETTINGS: 14 trauma centres in Europe, Australia and the United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 262 adult patients with severe TBI and intracranial pressure monitoring. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We described how sedative agents were used in this population. The primary outcome was 60-day mortality according to the use of different sedative agents. Secondary outcomes included intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale at hospital discharge. RESULTS: Propofol and midazolam were the most commonly used sedatives. Propofol was more common than midazolam as first line therapy (35.4% v 25.6% respectively). Patients treated with propofol had similar Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in Traumatic Brain Injury (IMPACT) scores to patients treated with midazolam, but lower Injury Severity Score (ISS) (median, 26 [IQR, 22–38] v 34 [IQR, 26–44]; P = 0.001). The use of propofol was more common in heavier patients, and midazolam use was strongly associated with opioid co-administration (OR, 12.9; 95% CI, 3.47–47.95; P < 0.001). Sixty-day mortality and hospital mortality were predicted by a higher IMPACT score (P < 0.001) and a higher ISS (P < 0.001), but, after adjustment, were not related to the choice of sedative agent. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol was used more often than midazolam, and large doses were common for both sedatives. The first choice was highly variable, was affected by injury severity, and was not independently associated with 60-day mortality.

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Hassanain Elsayed, Yasser Mohammed. "Yasser's COVID-19 Discrepancy Phenomenon; A Novel Phenomenon And Effective Regimen; Retrospective-Observational Study." Journal of Clinical Research and Reports 08, no. 04 (July 31, 2021): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/185.

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Aim of the study: Clarification for the time of the clinical improvement after management COVID-19 pneumonia versus normal gradation of common workup is the target for the current study. Background: COVID-19 pneumonia is a current serious international pandemic infection. Generally, in medical diseases, the clinical response is commonly parallel to laboratory and radiological improvement. This rule may be different in COVID-19 pneumonia. Method of study and patients: The author reported retrospective-observational 47-case report series. The study was conducted in a physician outpatient clinic thorough nearly 12-months, starting from Jun 9, 2020, and, ended on May 8, 2021. All included cases were COVID-19 pneumonia and treated with conventional antibiotics, anticoagulants, and steroids. Results: The mean ±SD age was: 50.08 (14.9) years, with male sex predominance (55.32%). The mean days of clinical versus leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 13.05 ±6.44, 13.05 ±7.01, 13.05 ±7.01).The mean ±SD days of clinical versus CRP, D-dimer, s. ferritin, and LDH improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 12.2 ±3.25, 12.2 ±6.21, 12.3 ±5.46, 20.92± 9.48). The mean days of clinical versus radiological and electrocardiographic improvement (0.84 ±0.49, 15.74 ±5.25, 11.45 ±5.45). The test was statistically significant in all the above tests (p-value is < .00001) Conclusions: Yasser’s COVID-19 Discrepancy phenomenon is a novel descriptive phenomenon that is always seen in all COVID-19 pneumonia. Initial dramatic improvement of the clinical status of COVID-19 pneumonic patient, not a simultaneously after the management, not a coincide with laboratory, radiological, and electrocardiographic workup. Further larger studies for the study medical regimen with considering of “Yasser’s COVID-19 Discrepancy phenomenon” is recommended.

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Murphy, Mary, Sakkubai Naidu, Hugo W. Moser, John M. Opitz, and James F. Reynolds. "Rett syndrome - observational study of 33 families." American Journal of Medical Genetics 25, S1 (1986): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320250508.

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Kothari, Jignesh, Ketav Lakhia, Vivek Wadhawa, Jigar Shah, Yashpal Rana, and Himani Pandya. "Clinical and Angiographic Outcome of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery with and without Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Prospective Observational Study." Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine and Surgery 6, no. 1 (2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/jcms.2454.7123.6120.10.

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Linde, H. van der, J. H. B. Geertzen, C. J. Hofstad, J. van Limbeek, and K. Postema. "Prosthetic prescription in the Netherlands: An observational study." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 27, no. 3 (December 2003): 170–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03093640308726679.

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Prosthetic prescription for lower limb amputees and the methodology used are primarily based on empirical knowledge. Clinical expertise plays an important role that can lead to an adequate prescription; however, a clear evidence based motivation for the choices made cannot be given. This can lead to local prescription variations with regard to overuse or underuse of prosthetic care and a lack of transparency for consumers and health insurance companies. Hence a clinical guideline may lead to a more consistent and efficient clinical practice and thus more uniformly high quality care. The purpose of this study was to get insight into potential similarities in prescription criteria in clinical practice in the Netherlands. Secondly, the authors were interested to know if prosthetic prescription was primarily based on the level of activity or intended use of the prosthesis. As part of the development of a consensus-based clinical guideline a multi-centred, cross-sectional study was carried out in order to observe the prosthetic prescription for a group of lower limb amputees. Therefore prescription data were collected from 151 amputees with trans-femoral amputation, knee disarticulation or trans-tibial amputation. Results of the multiple logistic regression show no relationship between the activity level and any of the variables included in the equation such as the hospital or medical doctor in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (MD in P&RM), prosthetic components, age of the amputee or reason of amputation. The criteria used are merely based on the clinical expertise and local experience whereas the actual prescriptions differ from location to location. In conclusion the development of a clinical guideline for prosthetic prescription in lower limb amputation is recommended. The information gained from this observational study will be used in a clinical guideline procedure for prosthetic prescription in the Netherlands.

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Sah, RamPrasad, Saba Nasreen, MohammedSaif Tagala, SandeepKumar Samal, AbhinavRaj Gupta, and Debarshi Bhattacharjee. "Factors influencing clinical after effects of post orthognathic surgery - An observational clinical study." Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences 13, no. 5 (2021): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_728_20.

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Mosier, Meredith, Basir Barmak, Miguel Gómez-Polo, Amirali Zandinejad, and Marta Revilla-León. "Digital and Analog Vertical Dimension Measurements: A Clinical Observational Study." International Journal of Prosthodontics 34, no. 4 (July 2021): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11607/ijp.7270.

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Srivanitchapoom, Chonticha, and Kedsaraporn Yata. "Clinical characteristics that predict parotid abscess: An observational cohort study." Annals of Medicine and Surgery 64 (April 2021): 102230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102230.

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Jarrett, Mark, Susanne Schultz, Julie Lyall, Jason Wang, Lori Stier, Marcella De Geronimo, and Karen Nelson. "Clinical Mortality in a Large COVID-19 Cohort: Observational Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 9 (September 25, 2020): e23565. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23565.

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Background Northwell Health, an integrated health system in New York, has treated more than 15,000 inpatients with COVID-19 at the US epicenter of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Objective We describe the demographic characteristics of patients who died of COVID-19, observation of frequent rapid response team/cardiac arrest (RRT/CA) calls for non–intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and factors that contributed to RRT/CA calls. Methods A team of registered nurses reviewed the medical records of inpatients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via polymerase chain reaction before or on admission and who died between March 13 (first Northwell Health inpatient expiration) and April 30, 2020, at 15 Northwell Health hospitals. The findings for these patients were abstracted into a database and statistically analyzed. Results Of 2634 patients who died of COVID-19, 1478 (56.1%) had oxygen saturation levels ≥90% on presentation and required no respiratory support. At least one RRT/CA was called on 1112/2634 patients (42.2%) at a non-ICU level of care. Before the RRT/CA call, the most recent oxygen saturation levels for 852/1112 (76.6%) of these non-ICU patients were at least 90%. At the time the RRT/CA was called, 479/1112 patients (43.1%) had an oxygen saturation of <80%. Conclusions This study represents one of the largest reviewed cohorts of mortality that also captures data in nonstructured fields. Approximately 50% of deaths occurred at a non-ICU level of care despite admission to the appropriate care setting with normal staffing. The data imply a sudden, unexpected deterioration in respiratory status requiring RRT/CA in a large number of non-ICU patients. Patients admitted at a non-ICU level of care suffered rapid clinical deterioration, often with a sudden decrease in oxygen saturation. These patients could benefit from additional monitoring (eg, continuous central oxygenation saturation), although this approach warrants further study.

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Pandey, Surendra, Rakesh Jat, and Harvinder Singh. "Electrohomoeopathy Medicine in Covid-19 A Multicenter Clinical Observational Study." Journal of Clinical Case Studies Reviews & Reports 3, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.47363/jccsr/2020(3)160.

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In December 2019, extreme acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), was first detected In Wuhan City, China and later spread to several provinces in China and simultaneously outspreaded worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to a dramatic worldwide loss of human life and poses an unparalleled threat to public health, food systems and the world of work. The economic and social suffering inflicted by the pandemic is devastating millions of people are at risk of severe poverty specially in the developing country. We have several researches, review article, case study and medical journal for the explanation COVID-19. There are so many guideline recommendations issues by the WHO, various health authority and government for the prevention of COVID-19. How Electrohomoeopathy medicine used by various Electrohomoeopathy practitioners in there clinical as a prophylactic and preventive care but result was ultimate. Although, there were the collaborative appeached played an important role for fighting against virus where Ayuesh medicine and Electrohomoeopathy medicine worked in effective manner during this pandemic. Scientists all over the world, especially in India, are trying to find alternative medicines with minimal side effects. The main purpose of this research is to bring alternative medicines to the general public for the treatment of COVID-19. In this article, we are going to discuss how alternative system of medicine specially Electrohomoeopathy played a crucial role for the prevention and protection against the Corona virus. Total 56 patient included in this study who received Electrohomoeopathy medicine and concluded result. Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy and prophylactic property of Electrohomeopathy medicine during the initial phase of COVID-19 with combination of conventional approach.

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Eckner, James T., Ross D. Whitacre, Ned L. Kirsch, and James K. Richardson. "Evaluating a Clinical Measure of Reaction Time: An Observational Study." Perceptual and Motor Skills 108, no. 3 (June 2009): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.108.3.717-720.

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Ohata, Chika, Noriko Tsuruta, Kentaro Yonekura, Yuko Higashi, Kanami Saito, Eri Katayama, Shinichi Imafuku, et al. "Clinical characteristics of Japanese pustular psoriasis: A multicenter observational study." Journal of Dermatology 49, no. 1 (November 2021): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.16217.

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Fernandes, Silviniya Anitharaj, Prasanna N. Mogasale, Arun Kumar M, and Nagaraj S. "AN OBSERVATIONAL CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE SHONITADUSHTI NIDANA IN ASRIGDARA." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 9, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 1642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj0709082021.

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Asrigdara is a disease produced by Dosha Prakopa (vitiation of Dosha) along with Rakta Dushti (vitiation of blood components) primarily in Artavaha Srotas characterised by excessive excretion of menstrual blood where the increased Rakta mix with Raja (menstrual blood) thus, the quantity of Raja increases. It refers to all types of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB), in which Asrigdara is traditionally expressed as menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, polymenorrhea etc. Up to 1/3rd of women is experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding most commonly in menarche and menopause. Still, the cure of Asrigdara is facing difficulty, which shows that the understanding of Asrigdara is still incomplete, and this motivates to determine further, the other risk factors or other pathology involved in asrigdara. Objective: This calls for an evaluation of the possible Shonitha Dushti Nidana in Asrigdara to identify more risk factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 36 subjects diagnosed with Asrigdara were selected. The probable incidence of Nidana (causes), in patients, were assessed through a questionnaire de- veloped for the study. The recorded data were analysed with descriptive statistics. Results: Aharaja Nidanas of Asrigdara acts as Viprakrushta Hetu (remote cause) causes Dhatu Pradooshana (vitiation of tissues) in the body. The Nidana Viruddha Ahara causes Rakta Dushti directly. The Manasika Nidanas such as Krodha (anger) is found to act as Vyanjaka Hetu (weak cause) in the manifestation of Asrigdara. Conclusion: Bahya Hetu (externalfactors) triggers Dosha Kopa or causes Dhatu Pradooshana. In Asrigdara patients, Pitta Pradhana Tridosha and Rakta were vitiated to initiate the disease manifestation. Keywords: Asrigdara, Rakta, Abnormal uterine bleeding, Raja.

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Stilwell, Philippa Anna, Gareth Stuttard, Robert Scott-Jupp, Adrian Boyle, Simon Kenny, and Ian Maconochie. "Paediatric NHS 111 Clinical Assessment Services pilot: an observational study." Archives of Disease in Childhood 107, no. 3 (December 7, 2021): e14-e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322908.

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ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility and impact of having paediatric clinicians working in the Clinical Assessment Services (CAS) within NHS 111, a national telephone advice service.DesignObservational study.SettingSix NHS 111 providers across England with CAS where volunteer paediatric clinicians (doctors and advanced nurse practitioners (ANPs)) worked between May and December 2020. A data reporting framework was used to compare the outcomes of calls taken by paediatric vs non-paediatric clinicians.PatientsUnder 16-year-olds prompting calls to NHS 111 over the study period.Main outcome measuresThe disposition (final outcome of calls) taken by paediatric versus non-paediatric clinicians, paediatric clinicians’ and patient experience.Results70 paediatric clinicians (66 doctors and 4 ANPs) worked flexible shifts in six NHS 111 providers’ CAS over the study period: 2535 calls for under 16-year-olds were taken by paediatric clinicians and 137 008 by non-paediatric clinicians. Overall, disposition rates differed significantly between the calls taken by paediatric versus (vs) non-paediatric clinicians: 69% vs 43% were advised on self-care only, 13% vs 18% to attend emergency departments (EDs), 13% vs 29% to attend primary care, 1% vs 4% to receive an urgent ambulance call out and 4% vs 6% referred to another health service, respectively. When compared with recent (all age) national whole data sets, the feedback from calls taken by paediatricians noted a greater proportion of patients/carers reporting that their problem was fully resolved (92% vs 27%).ConclusionsIntroducing paediatric specialists into NHS 111 CAS is likely to increase self-care dispositions, and reduce onward referrals to primary care, ED and ambulances. Future work will evaluate the impact of a national paediatric clinical assessment service to which specific case types are streamed.

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Kumar, Nishant. "Breast fibroadenoma and its clinical perspectives: a prospective observational study." International Surgery Journal 8, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20212720.

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Background: To study the patterns of breast fibroadenoma in females and to co-relate them with the pathological findings.Methods: Sixty six females who attended the Surgery Department in Darbhanga Medical College, Bihar, a tertiary centre in rural area, with benign breast lump during the period Bihar during period of November 2009 to November 2011, were studied. Early diagnoses by doing a triple assessment like a clinical examination, FNAC or a core needle biopsy and imaging methods like ultrasonography or mammography. The clinical diagnoses were compared with the cytological or histological findings wherever possible and their accuracies were evaluated.Results: Out of the 66 confirmed fibroadenoma female patients who were studied, most patients presented as a painless lump which is need to be differentiated from carcinoma. Most of the patient (63%) presented within 6 months of development of breast lesion showing increasing awareness in females of rural India. The maximum number of patient presented (55%) is of 2nd to 3rd decade. It was found that maximum number of patients have upto three children due to early marriage in rural background.Conclusions: Fibroadenoma is a common cause for breast lump even in rural background. Triple assessment provided a quick diagnosis and it alleviated unnecessary anxiety from the patients about breast cancer. The clinical diagnosis of a breast lump, as confirmed by cytology and histology, was accurate in most of the cases.

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Mostafa, BadrE, HeshamA A. El-Sersy, and TarekA Hamid. "Increased intracranial tension and cochleovestibular symptoms: an observational clinical study." Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology 34, no. 3 (2018): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejo.ejo_5_18.

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Steinbrecher, Oskar, Mirjana Mitrovic, Lisbeth Eischer, Hana Šinkovec, Sabine Eichinger, and Paul A. Kyrle. "Clinical and laboratory characteristics of cyclic thrombocytopenia: an observational study." Haematologica 105, no. 4 (January 23, 2020): e198-e201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2019.237909.

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Soleymanian, Tayebeh, Vida Sheikh, Faezeh Tareh, Hassan Argani, and Shahrzad Ossareh. "Hemodialysis vascular access and clinical outcomes: an observational multicenter study." Journal of Vascular Access 18, no. 1 (October 26, 2016): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jva.5000610.

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Background Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the optimal vascular access in hemodialysis (HD) patients because of its lower complication rates and better longevity compared to arteriovenous graft (AVG) and central venous catheter (CVC). Methods A cohort of 532 HD patients from nine HD facilities were recruited in September 2012 and prospectively followed for a median of 28 months. Unadjusted and fully adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of mortality for vascular access were calculated using Cox proportional hazards model. Results Seventy-two percent of patients had AVF, 7% AVG, 21% CVC. Overall, AVF failure was 43 per 1000 patient-years and AVF creation 19 per 1000 patient-years. In logistic regression analysis, odds ratio of having non-AVF access for age was 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01-1.03), female gender 1.97 (95% CI: 1.30-3.01), and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) 1.17 (95% CI: 1.02-1.36). Total number of deaths was 17 per 100 patient-years. Two percent of death was because of pure catheter infection and 10.5% more mortality happened due to catheter infection complicated by underlying cardiovascular diseases. In unadjusted and full adjustment Cox models, HR of death for patients with CVC (reference: AVF patients) was, respectively, 2.17 (95% CI: 1.51-3.11) and 1.58 (95% CI: 1.01-2.51). Access problems of insertion-repair accounted for 24% of hospitalization, and catheter infection explained 10% of total admissions. Conclusions Catheter use in HD patients was associated with higher mortality and morbidity despite extensive adjustment for covariates. Risk factors for higher usage of non-AVF access are older age, female gender, and underlying comorbidities.

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Kapoor, Dheeraj, Jasveer Singh, Sukanya Mitra, Omar Viswanath, Alan David Kaye, Ivan Urits, and Vwaire Orhurhu. "Gnana Laryngeal Airway in Clinical Practice: A Prospective Observational Study." Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation 48, no. 4 (July 17, 2020): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/tjar.2019.00243.

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