Relevant bibliographies by topics / Clinical markers of language impairment

Academic literature on the topic 'Clinical markers of language impairment'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Clinical markers of language impairment"

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SIMON-CEREIJIDO, GABRIELA, and VERA F. GUTIÉRREZ-CLELLEN. "Spontaneous language markers of Spanish language impairment." Applied Psycholinguistics 28, no. 2 (March 1, 2007): 317–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716407070166.

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Spanish-speaking (SS) children with language impairment (LI) present with deficits in morphology and verb argument structure. These language areas may be useful for clinical identification of affected children. This study aimed to evaluate the discrimination accuracy of spontaneous language measures with SS preschoolers to tease out what combination of grammatical measure(s) were responsible for the LI deficits, and to determine the role of verb argument structure and syntactic complexity in identifying SS children with LI. Two sets of experiments were conducted on the spontaneous language samples of SS preschoolers with and without LI using discriminant function analyses. The study found that (a) mean length of utterance in words (MLUW) and ungrammaticality index in combination are fair to good discriminators of preschoolers with LI; (b) a morphology model combining correct use of articles, verbs, and clitics fairly discriminates LI children but may miss children whose language has limited syntactic complexity; and (c) semantic–syntactic complexity measures, such as MLUW, theme argument omissions, and ditransitive verb use, should be considered in the assessment of Spanish LI. The children who were bilingual and Spanish dominant in the study were classified as accurately as the Spanish-only children.
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Redmond, Sean M. "Markers, Models, and Measurement Error: Exploring the Links Between Attention Deficits and Language Impairments." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 59, no. 1 (February 2016): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_jslhr-l-15-0088.

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Purpose The empirical record regarding the expected co-occurrence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and specific language impairment is confusing and contradictory. A research plan is presented that has the potential to untangle links between these 2 common neurodevelopmental disorders. Method Data from completed and ongoing research projects examining the relative value of different clinical markers for separating cases of specific language impairment from ADHD are presented. Results The best option for measuring core language impairments in a manner that does not potentially penalize individuals with ADHD is to focus assessment on key grammatical and verbal memory skills. Likewise, assessment of ADHD symptoms through standardized informant rating scales is optimized when they are adjusted for overlapping language and academic symptoms. Conclusion As a collection, these clinical metrics set the stage for further examination of potential linkages between attention deficits and language impairments.
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Poll, Gerard H., Stacy K. Betz, and Carol A. Miller. "Identification of Clinical Markers of Specific Language Impairment in Adults." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 53, no. 2 (April 2010): 414–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0016).

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Ash, Andrea C., and Sean M. Redmond. "Using Finiteness as a Clinical Marker to Identify Language Impairment." Perspectives on Language Learning and Education 21, no. 4 (November 2014): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/lle21.4.148.

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Intervention rates for children with language impairments vary widely across reports. Unfortunately, many language tests focus on areas of language that are not problematic for children with language impairments (LI). Over twenty years of research supports limitations in finiteness as a clinical marker of LI. However, speech language pathologists (SLPs) have been reluctant to include assessments of finiteness in clinical decisions for young school-age children. This article addresses the operational definition of finiteness which may have created a barrier to its clinical use. We recommend that SLPs include the Test of Early Grammatical Impairment as a primary measure of finiteness for identifying language impairment in children between 3 and 8 years of age because of its clinical flexibility and high levels of sensitivity and specificity.
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Park, Jisook, Carol A. Miller, and Elina Mainela-Arnold. "Processing Speed Measures as Clinical Markers for Children With Language Impairment." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 58, no. 3 (June 2015): 954–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_jslhr-l-14-0092.

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Purpose This study investigated the relative utility of linguistic and nonlinguistic processing speed tasks as predictors of language impairment (LI) in children across 2 time points. Method Linguistic and nonlinguistic reaction time data, obtained from 131 children (89 children with typical development [TD] and 42 children with LI; 74 boys and 57 girls) were analyzed in the 3rd and 8th grades. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses and likelihood ratios were used to compare the diagnostic usefulness of each task. A binary logistic regression was used to test whether combined measures enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Results In 3rd grade, a linguistic task, grammaticality judgment, provided the best discrimination between LI and TD groups. In 8th grade, a combination of linguistic and nonlinguistic tasks, rhyme judgment and simple response time, provided the best discrimination between groups. Conclusions Processing speed tasks were moderately predictive of LI status at both time points. Better LR+ than LR– values suggested that slow processing speed was more predictive of the presence than the absence of LI. A nonlinguistic processing measure contributed to the prediction of LI only at 8th grade, consistent with the view that nonlinguistic and linguistic processing speeds follow different developmental trajectories.
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O’Toole, Ciara, and Tina M. Hickey. "Diagnosing language impairment in bilinguals: Professional experience and perception." Child Language Teaching and Therapy 29, no. 1 (December 30, 2012): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265659012459859.

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Diagnosing specific language impairment (SLI) in monolingual children is a complex task, with some controversy regarding criteria. Diagnosis of SLI in bilinguals is made more complex by the lack of standardized assessments and poor understanding of clinical markers in languages other than English. There is an added complexity when one of the languages being acquired is an endangered one, where the domains of use and input are restricted, and where input is affected by convergence with the majority language. This article explores the challenge facing speech and language therapists and psychologists in diagnosing SLI in bilingual children acquiring Irish and English. Six speech and language therapists and four psychologists took part in semi-structured interviews exploring the impact of the bilingual environment, the nature of bilingual language impairment, current practices and the needs of these children. Thematic analysis was carried out and here three of the main themes emerging in the areas of assessment, the bilingual environment and characteristics of language impairment in this population are discussed. For assessment, an overriding theme was the requirement of standardized testing to secure additional educational and therapy resources for these children. However, because there are no standardized tests available in Irish, both professions end up translating existing English-based language and psychological assessments, using the norms provided to achieve standard scores. Both professions expressed strong dissatisfaction with this practice but saw little choice, given the Department of Education’s approach to allocation of supports. Language impairment in Irish was characterized by lexical difficulties, particularly with verbs and prepositions, tense errors, and significant borrowing and code-switching with English. Other themes that emerged were the growing influence of English as the children became older, which affected both attitudes to the minority Irish language as well as the content and structure of the language itself. The implications for service provision for bilingual populations in general are outlined.
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CASTILLA-EARLS, ANNY P., MARÍA ADELAIDA RESTREPO, ANA TERESA PÉREZ-LEROUX, SHELLEY GRAY, PAUL HOLMES, DANIEL GAIL, and ZIQIANG CHEN. "Interactions between bilingual effects and language impairment: Exploring grammatical markers in Spanish-speaking bilingual children." Applied Psycholinguistics 37, no. 5 (November 25, 2015): 1147–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716415000521.

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ABSTRACTThis study examines the interaction between language impairment and different levels of bilingual proficiency. Specifically, we explore the potential of articles and direct object pronouns as clinical markers of primary language impairment (PLI) in bilingual Spanish-speaking children. The study compared children with PLI and typically developing (TD) children matched on age, English language proficiency, and mother's education level. Two types of bilinguals were targeted: Spanish-dominant children with intermediate English proficiency (asymmetrical bilinguals), and near-balanced bilinguals. We measured children's accuracy in the use of direct object pronouns and articles with an elicited language task. Results from this preliminary study suggest language proficiency affects the patterns of use of direct object pronouns and articles. Across language proficiency groups, we find marked differences between TD and PLI, in the use of both direct object pronouns and articles. However, the magnitude of the difference diminishes in balanced bilinguals. Articles appear more stable in these bilinguals and, therefore, seem to have a greater potential to discriminate between TD bilinguals from those with PLI. Future studies using discriminant analyses are needed to assess the clinical impact of these findings.
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Timler, Geralyn R. "Use of the Children's Communication Checklist—2 for Classification of Language Impairment Risk in Young School-Age Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 23, no. 1 (February 2014): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2013/12-0164).

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Purpose Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at elevated risk for language impairment (LI). This study examined the feasibility of using the Children's Communication Checklist—2 (CCC–2; Bishop, 2006) to classify risk for LI in young children, ages 5–8 years, with ADHD. Method Parents of 32 children with ADHD and 12 typically developing peers completed the CCC–2. The Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, Fourth Edition (Semel, Wiig, & Secord, 2003) and the Test of Narrative Language (Gillam & Pearson, 2004) were administered to diagnose LI. Language samples were collected to examine clinical markers of LI. Results CCC–2 General Communication Composite scores ≤ 85 correctly classified 10 participants with ADHD diagnosed with LI as defined by composite scores ≤ 85 on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, Fourth Edition, or on the Test of Narrative Language. Five of these participants demonstrated 1 or more clinical markers of LI in language samples. Three additional participants, who received a General Communication Composite score ≤ 85 yet scored above 85 on the language tests, demonstrated CCC–2 profiles suggestive of pragmatic impairment. Sensitivity and specificity rates were 100% and 85.29%, respectively. CCC–2 scores and most measures were significantly correlated. Conclusion The results support the feasibility of using the CCC–2 as a screener to identify children with ADHD who are at elevated risk for LI and need referral for comprehensive assessment.
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Bedore, Lisa M., and Laurence B. Leonard. "Grammatical Morphology Deficits in Spanish-Speaking Children With Specific Language Impairment." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 44, no. 4 (August 2001): 905–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2001/072).

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The focus of this study was the use of grammatical morphology by Spanish-speaking preschoolers with specific language impairment (SLI). Relative to both same-age peers and younger typically developing children with similar mean lengths of utterance (MLUs), the children with SLI showed more limited use of several different grammatical morphemes. These limitations were most marked for noun-related morphemes such as adjective-agreement inflections and direct object clitics. Most errors on the part of children in all groups consisted of substitutions of a form that shared most but not all of the target’s grammatical features (e.g., correct tense and number but incorrect person). Number errors usually involved singular forms used in plural contexts; person errors usually involved third person forms used in first person contexts. The pattern of limitations of the children with SLI suggests that, for languages such as Spanish, additional factors might have to be considered in the search for clinical markers for this disorder. Implications for evaluation and treatment of language disorders in Spanish-speaking children are also discussed.
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Bortolini, Umberta, Barbara Arfé, Cristina M. Caselli, Luisa Degasperi, Patricia Deevy, and Laurence B. Leonard. "Clinical markers for specific language impairment in Italian: the contribution of clitics and non‐word repetition." International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders 41, no. 6 (January 2006): 695–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13682820600570831.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Clinical markers of language impairment"

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Nudel, Ron. "Molecular genetics of language impairment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:70249129-ef2e-4508-b8f6-50d6eae8e78b.

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Developmental language impairments are neurodevelopmental disorders in which the acquisition of language, a task which children typically perform with ease, is hindered or fraught with difficulty. This work focuses on specific language impairment (SLI), a common and highly heritable language impairment in which language development is abnormal while other developmental domains are normal. Additionally, a case-study of a child with a broader linguistic and behavioural phenotype is also presented. The work described in this thesis includes both genetic and functional investigations which were aimed at identifying candidate genes for language impairment and provide insight into the genetic mechanisms that underlie language development. I performed a genome-wide association study of SLI which included child genotype effects, maternal genotype effects, parent-of-origin effects, and maternal-foetal interaction effects. This study found significant paternal parent-of-origin effects with the gene NOP9 on chromosome 14, and suggestive maternal parent-of-origin effects with a region on chromosome 5 which had previously been implicated in autism and ADHD. Case-control and quantitative association analyses of HLA genes and SLI identified several risk alleles and protective alleles. A case-control association analysis for related individuals which used an isolated population affected by SLI identified a non-synonymous coding variant in the gene NFXL1 which was significantly more frequent in affected individuals than in unaffected individuals. High-throughput sequencing of the coding regions of NFXL1 and LD blocks surrounding associated variants in ATP2C2, CMIP and CNTNAP2 (as reported in previous studies) identified novel or rare non-synonymous coding variants in NFXL1 and ATP2C2 in SLI families as well as intronic variants in all four genes that were significantly more frequent in SLI probands than in population controls. I describe a functional study of NFXL1 examining its expression in various brain regions, the presence of different splice variants across several tissues, its effect on genes it potentially interacts with, and the subcellular localisation of the protein. Finally, I present the case-study of a child with language impairment who had chromosomal rearrangements which spanned the location of FOXP2. I examine the potential influence the chromosomal rearrangements had on FOXP2 expression and describe a lincRNA gene which was disrupted by the chromosomal inversion. In conclusion, this work identified new candidate genes for language impairment, provided further support for the involvement of previously-identified candidate genes in SLI and contributed to the understanding of the molecular function of a newly-identified candidate gene for SLI.
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Tam, Wai-sze. "The development of aspect markers in Cantonese-speaking children with specific language impairment." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36208462.

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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2002.
"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 10, 2002." Also available in print.
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Harris, Jennifer. "Language impairment in neurodegenerative disease : a clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging study." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/language-impairment-in-neurodegenerative-disease--a-clinical-neuropsychological-and-neuroimaging-study(ecd9268e-a266-4ac5-bba0-1ad0256758cc).html.

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Accurate diagnosis of dementia syndromes can be challenging, particularly neurodegenerative disorders of language, or primary progressive aphasias (PPAs). PPAs are heterogeneous clinical and pathological entities. The two main pathological causes of PPA are frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). PPA is associated with other neurodegenerative disorders owing to common underlying pathologies, in particular behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and semantic dementia (SD), other FTLD disorders, and non-language presentations of AD. The aim of this thesis is to improve understanding of PPA and associated disorders, with the eventual goal of improving diagnostic accuracy and clinical management of PPA. The experimental section falls into two parts. In the first the clinical features of a large pathological cohort were rated against clinical criteria for PPA, AD and bvFTD. The degree to which patients with underlying FTLD pathology exhibit overlapping behavioural and language deficits was also assessed. The second part of the experimental section is a series of prospective studies of patients with clinically diagnosed PPA, SD and AD. These studies involve detailed cross-sectional cognitive assessment, predominantly of language and working memory, and neuroimaging investigations. The retrospective studies revealed that it was not possible to classify all cases of PPA and that pathologies were heterogeneous within PPA subtypes, particularly for logopenic variant PPA (lvPPA). Clinical criteria for bvFTD and AD were found to be relatively effective. Overlapping language and behavioural symptoms were found to be common in FTLD. The prospective studies demonstrated characteristic linguistic features of nonfluent variant PPA (nfvPPA) and SD. In addition, behavioural changes were common in nfvPPA and SD. The lvPPA group did not exhibit significant impairments in language and working memory in comparison to nfvPPA and AD groups. Indeed, some features included in criteria for lvPPA occurred more frequently in nfvPPA. Nevertheless discrete factors representing 'speech production and grammaticality' and 'visual working memory and calculation' were able to differentiate nfvPPA and lvPPA effectively. There were commonalities between AD and lvPPA, and the composite measures described above did not allow effective classification of patients with these two disorders. Neuroimaging metrics showed that overlapping yet slightly differing patterns of changes in grey matter, cerebral blood flow and white matter connections occur in lvPPA and nfvPPA.Current criteria for PPA are ineffective. This is particularly apparent for lvPPA whereby core features are not specific or sensitive to lvPPA. It is evident that commonalities exist between FTLD disorders i.e. nfvPPA, semantic variant PPA and bvFTD, and between AD and lvPPA. These features may aid clinical diagnosis.
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Becker, Sara [Verfasser]. "Clinical and Structural Markers Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Non-Demented Parkinson’s Disease Patients / Sara Becker." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121464001X/34.

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Bisi, Elizabeth A. "Impacts of Motor and Sensory Impairment on Language in Young Children with Autism." Thesis, Seattle Pacific University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28023622.

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Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present with varying degrees of deficit in the broader areas of social communication and stereotyped behaviors, but emerging research proposes delayed motor skill and atypical sensory processing as additional factors worth closer examination. In the current study, I sought to investigate the impacts of visual motor skills and sensory differences on language ability in young children with autism. I hypothesized that young children with autism, atypical sensory processing (Short Sensory Profile, 2nd Edition), and impaired visual motor integration (Beery VMI, 6th Edition) would have the most impacted language ability scores (Differential Ability Scales, 2nd Edition). A total of 22 children, eight with autism (25% female; M age = 66 months or 5.5 years) and 14 with typical development (50% female; M age = 73 months or 6 years) between the ages of 3:0 and 9:6 and their parents completed measures for this study. Findings were significant for the relations of status (i.e., TD vs. ASD) on language ability [t(20) = 2.66, p = .015], status on visual motor integration [t(20) = 2.27, p = .035], and for status on sensory processing [t(20) = −5.35, p < .001]. Results of the three-way interaction indicated that 72% of the variance in language ability was accounted for by the key variables in this model, but this hypothesis was not supported: p = .09, B = .15, CI95 = −.031 to .33. Related hypotheses of visual motor integration on status and language, sensory processing on status and language, and between visual motor integration and sensory were also not supported. Ancillary analyses of individual moderation indicated significant status group (TD vs. ASD) differences for children with visual motor integration full form standard scores of 119 and below (p < .05) and for children with total sensory scores of 25 to 36 (p < .05). These post hoc findings are consistent with previous literature and demonstrate promise for replication in future research with a larger and more heterogeneous sample. Further research on these constructs is encouraged as it could inform meaningful pathways for early intervention.
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Kazemi, Najafabadi Yalda. "Clinical assessment of Persian-speaking children with language impairment in Iran : exploring the potential of language sample measures." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3028.

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Access to evidence-based assessment for diagnosing children with primary language impairment (PLI) in Iran is limited. This study aimed to explore diagnostic criteria employed by Iranian speech therapists for defining PLI and examine the diagnostic potential of language sample measures (LSMs) for Persian-speaking children. Thirty nine speech and language therapists (SLTs) contributed in a qualitative- quantitative study to explore the criteria currently used by Iranian SLTs to assess and diagnose Persian-speaking children with PLI. Personally-defined diagnostic procedures, based on the results of the questionnaires and focus groups were summarised to obtain a general picture of decision-making methods in identifying Iranian children with PLI. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used as an organising framework for establishing a consensus as to what constitutes a language impairment, since no commonly accepted reference standard currently exists in Iranian clinical practice. The assessment potential of LSMs in Persian was examined using the framework of diagnostic research and included a pre-accuracy study followed by phase I and II studies. Twenty seven pre-school children with typically-developing language (TDL) and 24 age-matched children with PLI, aged 42 to 54 months, were recruited. Language samples were recorded as each mother played with her child. None of correlations between age and the LSMs were statistically significant in either group of children (pre- accuracy phase). However, a majority of the LSMs could differentiate children at the group level (phase I). Five measures: Grammaticality/Ungrammaticality, Ungrammatical Utterances, MLUw-excluding one-word utterances, and Semantic Errors, provided good diagnostic accuracy when examined at the level of the individual child (phase II). An ICF-based reference standard for defining PLI in Iranian Pre-school children has been developed to enhance the consensus among Iranian SLTs. It was applied to recruit the children to the DA study, resulting in five LSMs which are clinically able to differentiate between children with and without PLI.
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Hughes, Andrea Nielson. "Automated Grammatical Tagging of Clinical Language Samples with and Without SALT Coding." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5889.

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Language samples are naturalistic sources of information that supersede many of the limitations found in standardized test administration. Although language samples have clinical utility, they are often time intensive. Despite the usefulness of language samples in evaluation and treatment, clinicians may not perform language sample analyses due to the necessary time commitment. Researchers have developed language sample analysis software that automates this process. Coding schemes such as that used by the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (SALT) software were developed to provide more information regarding appropriate grammatical tag selection. The usefulness of SALT precoding in aiding automated grammatical tagging accuracy was evaluated in this study. Results indicate consistent, overall improvement over an earlier version of the software at the tag level. The software was adept at coding samples from both developmentally normal and language impaired children. No significant differences between tagging accuracy of SALT coded versus non-SALT coded samples were found. As the accuracy of automated tagging software advances, the clinical usefulness of automated grammatical analyses improves, and thus the benefits of time savings may be realized.
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Braddock, Barbara. "Links between gesture, speech, and motor skill in children with clinical characteristics of specific language impairment /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1418007.

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Edwards, Melissa. "Combining Select Blood-Based Biomarkers with Neuropsychological Assessment to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment among Mexican Americans: A Molecular Neuropsychology Approach." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1011830/.

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Mexican Americans face a significant health disparity related to the development of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) when compared to other ethnic groups. Recent work has documented the utility of utilizing blood-based biomarkers in the detection of amnestic MCI among this population. Efforts to enhance the utility of biomarkers in detecting disease through the inclusion of select neuropsychological measures, an approach termed Molecular Neuropsychology, has shown promise. The present study sought to utilize the molecular neuropsychology approach and examine biobanked serum samples as well as neuropsychological assessments from the Health and Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE) study. Random Forest analyses were conducted to determine the proteomic profile of MCI. Then separate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the variance accounted for by the biomarkers within the select neuropsychological measures. Trail Making Test Part B was identified as having the least amount of variance and was combined with top five biomarkers within the MCI proteomic profile to create a biomarker-cognitive profile for detecting disease presence. This same method was applied to the amnestic and non-amnestic forms of MCI. The overall biomarker-cognitive profile was shown to be 90% accurate in the detection of MCI, with no significant increase when demographic variables were included into the model. Among amnestic MCI cases, the detection accuracy of the biomarker-cognitive profile was 92% and increased to 94% upon inclusion of demographic variables.
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Kaladytė, Lokominienė Rūta. "Cognitive functions in early-stage Parkinson's disease according to computerised test results, their relationship with biological markers and clinical non-cognitive symptoms." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140303_135449-49961.

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The aim of the study: to evaluate the cognitive functions of patients with early-stage Parkinson‘s disease (PD) without dementia using Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB Eclipse 3.0.0), to compare the obtained results with the data of control subjects, to determine the associations of the variables of cognitive testing with biological markers and clinical non-cognitive symptoms of PD. Objectives: to examine attention, memory, visuospatial and executive functions of patients with early-stage PD without dementia using CANTAB Eclipse 3.0.0 and to compare the obtained results with the data of control subjects; to investigate the relationship between the cognitive functions of patients with early-stage PD and the severity of disease measured by UPDRS score, the echogenic properties of brainstem nigral substance (SN) examined by transcranial sonography (TCS), the striatal binding of presinaptic dopamine transporter determined by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with I¹²³-FP-CIT, sleep, fatigue, demographic factors and quality of life scores, the usage of medications for early-stage PD; to analize the diagnostic characteristics of particular computerised tests for evaluation of cognitive function in patients with early-stage PD. Methods. The study was performed at the Department of Neurology of Vilnius University Hospital Santariškių Klinikos. 115 patients diagnosed with clinically probable early-stage PD who met inclusion criteria and... [to full text]
Darbo tikslas: įvertinti ankstyva Parkinsono liga (PL) be demencijos sergančių asmenų pažinimo funkcijas naudojant Kembridžo kompiuterinės neuropsichologinio ištyrimo sistemos testų rinkinį, palyginti rezultatus su kontrolinės grupės asmenų duomenimis bei nustatyti kognityvinių rodiklių ryšius su biologiniais žymenimis ir klinikiniais nekognityviniais PL simptomais. Darbo uždaviniai: ištirti ankstyva PL sergančių asmenų dėmesio, atminties, regos erdvinę ir vykdomąsias funkcijas, naudojant kompiuterizuotų testų rinkinį CANTAB eclipse 3.0.0, ir palyginti juos su kontrolinių asmenų duomenimis; nustatyti pacientų kognityvinių funkcijų ryšį su UPLVS skale įvertintu ligos sunkumu, transkranijinės sonografijos (TKS) metodu nustatytu juodosios medžiagos (JM) echogeniškumu, presinapsinio dopamine transporterio koncentracija dryžuotame kūne, nustatyta radionuklidinės kompiuterinės tomografijos (RKT) su I¹²³-FP-CIT būdu, miego, nuovargio bei demografiniais veiksniais, gyvenimo kokybės rodikliais, PL gydyti skiriamų vaistų vartojimu; išanalizuoti kompiuterizuotais testais įvertintų kognityvinių funkcijų diagnostinę vertę sergant ankstyva PL. Metodai. Tyrimas atliktas Vilniaus universiteto ligoninės Santariškių klinikų Neurologijos centre. Atrinkta 115 pacientų, sergančių ankstyva kliniškai tikėtina PL, kurie atitiko įtraukimo kriterijus bei nebuvo neįtraukimo kriterijų, ir 42 pagal amžių, lytį, mokymosi trukmę atrinkti kontroliniai tiriamieji, kurie nesirgo PL ar kitomis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Books on the topic "Clinical markers of language impairment"

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Thapar, Anita, and Stephanie van Goozen. Conduct disorder in ADHD. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198739258.003.0020.

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Conduct disorder (CD) is an important marker of ADHD clinical and cognitive impairment and neurodevelopmental multimorbidity. It is also predictive of poor psychiatric and functional outcomes. Although traditionally considered as a consequence of ADHD, association of ADHD and CD can be explained at multiple levels—in terms of enriched familial/genetic risks, higher levels of psychosocial adversity, a likely different pattern of cognitive and neural correlates that involve emotional processes components, earlier temperamental risk characteristics, and additional neurodevelopmental burden such as language impairments and lower cognitive ability. The presence of CD does not alter current ADHD guideline recommendations on treatment but should be taken into account when making decisions upon the intensity and nature of follow-up.
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Oram, Janis Elizabeth. Seeking cognitive markers of specific language impairment and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 2003.

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Leonard, Laurence B. Children with Specific Language Impairment. The MIT Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/1810.001.0001.

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Children with Specific Language Impairment covers all aspects of SLI, including its history, possible genetic and neurobiological origins, and clinical and educational practice. Approximately five percent of all children are born with the disorder known as specific language impairment (SLI). These children show a significant deficit in spoken language ability with no obvious accompanying condition such as mental retardation, neurological damage, or hearing impairment. Children with Specific Language Impairment covers all aspects of SLI, including its history, possible genetic and neurobiological origins, and clinical and educational practice. The book highlights important research strategies in the quest to find the cause of SLI and to develop methods of prevention and treatment. It also explores how knowledge of SLI may add to our understanding of language organization and development in general. Leonard does not limit his study to English, but shows how SLI is manifested in speakers of other languages. Although his focus is on children, he also discusses adults who exhibited SLI as children, as well as parents of children with the disorder whose own language abilities became the object of study. Bradford Books imprint
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Sahlén, Birgitta, Kristina Hansson, Viveka Lyberg-Åhlander, and Jonas Brännström. Spoken Language and Language Impairment in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190880545.003.0006.

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Despite medical, technical, and pedagogical advances, the risk for language impairment is still much higher in deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children than in hearing peers. Research on linguistic, cognitive, and communicative development in DHH children has found a range of basic spoken language deficits. Twenty percent to 50% of deaf children still meet criteria for language impairment. Tests of nonword repetition and verb inflection are markers that improve early identification of children at risk for persistent language problems. DHH children are typically mainstreamed today, and poor listening conditions in the classroom severely jeopardize learning in children with weak perceptual and cognitive skills. In this chapter we report on our own and others’ studies exploring the interaction of factors, both external and internal to the child, that influence spoken language and communication. The focus is on intervention projects aiming to improve language learning environments through teacher education.
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Language Impairment and Psychopathology in Infants, Children, and Adolescents (Developmental Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry). Sage Publications, Inc, 2001.

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Language Impairment and Psychopathology in Infants, Children, and Adolescents (Developmental Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry). Sage Publications, Inc, 2001.

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Cummings, Louise. Clinical Pragmatics. Edited by Yan Huang. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697960.013.001.

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Pragmatic disorders pose a barrier to effective communication in a significant number of children and adults. For nearly forty years, clinical investigators have attempted to characterize these disorders. This chapter examines the state of the art in clinical pragmatics, a subdiscipline of pragmatics that studies pragmatic disorders. The findings of recent empirical research in a range of clinical populations are reviewed. They include developmental pragmatic disorders found in autistic spectrum disorders, specific language impairment, intellectual disability and the emotional and behavioural disorders, as well as acquired pragmatic disorders in adults with left- or right-hemisphere damage, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, and the dementias. Techniques used by clinicians to assess and treat pragmatic disorders are addressed. In recent years, theoretical frameworks with a cognitive orientation have increasingly been used to explain pragmatic disorders. Two such frameworks—relevance theory and theory of mind—will be examined in this essay.
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Dollaghan, Christine. Communication Disorders: Language Impairments. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.13.

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A variety of communication disorders, including problems in hearing, speech, and language, can interfere with a child’s ability to understand and be understood by other people. Communication disorders sometime co-occur with other physical and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, but often their causes are unknown. The most prevalent of the idiopathic communication disorders is child language impairment (LI). LI is defined by significant deficits in understanding (receptive skills) or generating (expressive skills) meaningful linguistic content; it affects 5–8% of children. Best evidence on identifying LI supports a comprehensive multimethod and multisource assessment by a certified speech–language pathologist. With respect to intervention, evidence strongly favors treated over untreated children for expressive language goals; less conclusive evidence is available concerning treatment for receptive language skills. Despite increases in the evidence base, additional population-based and longitudinal investigations are needed concerning the accuracy of predictions and clinical decisions for children with LI.
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Raymer, Anastasia M., and Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi. Aphasia Syndromes: Introduction and Value in Clinical Practice. Edited by Anastasia M. Raymer and Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199772391.013.20.

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Neurologic damage affecting the left cerebral hemisphere leads to impairments in comprehension and expression of language in the verbal modality (aphasia) and in the written modality (dyslexia and dysgraphia). Impairment patterns take various forms, differing in the fluency/nonfluency of verbal output and integrity of auditory comprehension, repetition, and word retrieval abilities. The divergent classifications of aphasia allow reflection on neural and psychological correlates of specific aspects of language processing in verbal and written modalities. Neurologic damage affecting the right cerebral hemisphere can lead to changes in social and prosodic communication, speaking to the role of the right hemisphere in language processing. Patterns of language breakdown following neurologic injury have implications for assessment and intervention for affected individuals. Whereas perspectives vary on interpretation of the language breakdown across disciplines, this volume’s purpose is to facilitate interactions across disciplines to improve the lives of those with aphasia and related communication disorders.
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Reilly, Jamie, and Nadine Martin. Semantic Processing in Transcortical Sensory Aphasia. Edited by Anastasia M. Raymer and Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199772391.013.6.

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Transcortical sensory aphasia (TCSA) has historically been regarded as a disconnection syndrome characterized by impaired access between words and otherwise intact core object knowledge. Yet, an extensive body of research has also demonstrated a range of associated nonverbal semantic deficits in TCSA, suggestive of a multimodal semantic impairment that transcends representational modality (i.e., language). Here we delineate the semantic impairment incurred in TCSA within a neurologically constrained model of semantic memory premised upon dynamic interactivity between stored knowledge (e.g., semantic features) and integrative processes that serve to bind this knowledge into cohesive object representations. We discuss practical implications for clinical aphasiology and outline considerations for the broader fields of cognitive neuropsychology and neurolinguistics.
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Book chapters on the topic "Clinical markers of language impairment"

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Paradis, Johanne. "Tense as a clinical marker in English L2 acquisition with language delay/impairment." In Current Trends in Child Second Language Acquisition, 337–56. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lald.46.17par.

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Tanaka Welty, Yumiko, Jun Watanabe, and Lise Menn. "Language production in Japanese preschoolers with specific language impairment." In Clinical Linguistics, 175–93. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.227.14tan.

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Bastiaanse, Roelien, Gerard Bol, Sofie van Mol, and Shalom Zuckerman. "Verb Movement and finiteness in language impairment and language development." In Clinical Linguistics, 119–30. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.227.11bas.

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Giannakopoulos, Panteleimon, Pascal Missonnier, Enikö Kövari, Gabriel Gold, and Agnès Michon. "Electrophysiological Markers of Rapid Cognitive Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment." In Dementia in Clinical Practice, 39–46. Basel: KARGER, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000197898.

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Vallée, Emmanuel, Olivier Commowick, Camille Maumet, Aymeric Stamm, Elisabeth Le Rumeur, Catherine Allaire, Jean-Christophe Ferré, Clément de Guibert, and Christian Barillot. "Statistical Analysis of White Matter Integrity for the Clinical Study of Typical Specific Language Impairment in Children." In Mathematics and Visualization, 187–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02475-2_17.

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Varghese, Reuben Thomas, and S. P. Goswami. "Assessment of Cognitive-Communicative Functions in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia of Alzheimer's Type." In Research Anthology on Diagnosing and Treating Neurocognitive Disorders, 210–23. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3441-0.ch012.

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According to world population prospects data report, older individuals, especially those aged 60 years and above, have increased substantially over the recent year, which is going to accelerate in the coming decades. The most common problems the aging population faces are dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Assessment of cognitive-communicative markers is essential for persons with MCI and DAT. Furthermore, it can help in the differential diagnosis of DAT and MCI. Proper assessment by speech-language pathologists is warranted in this area as it will throw light on the differential diagnosis of MCI and DAT, the clinical description of the characteristics between the two clinical groups, the prognosis for improved outcomes, recommendations for intervention and support, and referral for other professionals for assessments or services.
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Varghese, Reuben Thomas, and S. P. Goswami. "Assessment of Cognitive-Communicative Functions in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia of Alzheimer's Type." In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies, 269–82. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4955-0.ch014.

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According to world population prospects data report, older individuals, especially those aged 60 years and above, have increased substantially over the recent year, which is going to accelerate in the coming decades. The most common problems the aging population faces are dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Assessment of cognitive-communicative markers is essential for persons with MCI and DAT. Furthermore, it can help in the differential diagnosis of DAT and MCI. Proper assessment by speech-language pathologists is warranted in this area as it will throw light on the differential diagnosis of MCI and DAT, the clinical description of the characteristics between the two clinical groups, the prognosis for improved outcomes, recommendations for intervention and support, and referral for other professionals for assessments or services.
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Safar, Kristina, Margot J. Taylor, Junko Matsuzaki, and Timothy P. L. Roberts. "Applications of Magnetoencephalography to Autism Spectrum Disorder." In Fifty Years of Magnetoencephalography, 317–46. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190935689.003.0021.

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Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has a unique combination of attributes allowing the probing of brain function, with resolution of space, time, and spectral content. These attributes lend themselves to the study of disorders characterized by no conspicuous structural brain anomalies, but rather anomalies of neural signals and communication. This chapter reviews the use of diverse MEG techniques and paradigms to study one such disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The authors focus on MEG as a probe of auditory and face processing anomalies in ASD. Impairments in auditory processing in ASD have been identified as objective markers of language and communication ability, general cognitive ability, and abnormal sensory sensitivity. Most MEG studies have observed that atypical auditory responses such as components of the early auditory evoked field (i.e., M50, M100), mismatch fields, or gamma-band oscillatory activity occur in individuals with ASD compared with typically developing children. Maturational trajectories of such measures also deviate from neurotypical patterns. Similarly, impairments in face perception are characteristic of ASD and have been a large focus of MEG studies, as a model probe for the social impairment phenotype. MEG research has demonstrated atypical source localization of activity during face processing in children through adults as well as in executive functions, including working memory and inhibition. Interregional differences in synchrony of neural oscillations have been elaborated by MEG in emotional face processing tasks, with visual perceptual processing underscoring gamma-band atypicalities in ASD. We highlight MEG as a promising approach for establishing clinical biomarkers of ASD and informing mechanistic neuroscience.
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Kamhi, Alan G., and Mary Kristen Clark. "Specific language impairment." In Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 219–27. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-52891-9.00022-1.

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"Pragmatic Language Impairment (PLI)." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1995. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_4865.

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Conference papers on the topic "Clinical markers of language impairment"

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Liu, Guangliang, Zhiyu Xue, Liang Zhan, Hiroko H. Dodge, and Jiayu Zhou. "Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment from Language Markers with Crossmodal Augmentation." In Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing 2023. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811270611_0002.

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Lindsay, Hali, Philipp Müller, Insa Kröger, Johannes Tröger, Nicklas Linz, Alexandra König, Radia Zeghari, Frans RJ Verhey, and Inez HGB Ramakers. "Multilingual Learning for Mild Cognitive Impairment Screening from a Clinical Speech Task." In International Conference Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing. INCOMA Ltd. Shoumen, BULGARIA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-072-4_095.

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Öster, Anne-Marie. "Clinical applications of computer-based speech training for children with hearing impairment." In 4th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1996). ISCA: ISCA, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1996-40.

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Loveys, Kate, Jonathan Torrez, Alex Fine, Glen Moriarty, and Glen Coppersmith. "Cross-cultural differences in language markers of depression online." In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology: From Keyboard to Clinic. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-0608.

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Cho, Sunghye, Riccardo Fusaroli, Maggie Rose Pelella, Kimberly Tena, Azia Knox, Aili Hauptmann, Maxine Covello, et al. "Identifying stable speech-language markers of autism in children: Preliminary evidence from a longitudinal telephony-based study." In Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.clpsych-1.4.

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LV, WEN-TAO, QIU-MEI ZHANG, and XIANG-WEN MENG. "EFFECT OF SGLT-2 INHIBITOR ON BONE TURNOVER IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES." In 2021 International Conference on Education, Humanity and Language, Art. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/ehla2021/35720.

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To investigate the effect of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT-2I) on bone turnover markers in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: according to the criteria of selection and exclusion, 42 patients with overweight and obese type 2 diabetes (BMI≥25kg/m2) were selected from October 2019 to May 2020. The patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, there were 18 cases in the experimental group and 24 cases in the control group. The experimental group was treated with SGLT-2I, and other oral hypoglycemic agents (or insulin) were added according to the blood glucose situation. The control group received oral hypoglycemic agents (non-SGLT-2I) and/or insulin and/or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA). Every 28 days of follow-up, medication regimen was adjusted according to blood glucose and adverse reactions of patients. Fasting venous serum of the patients was collected at the beginning and again 24 weeks later and the levels of PINP and β-CTX were detected uniformly. SPSS 21.0 was used to compare the changes of clinical indexes before and after the treatment. Results: 1. In the experimental group, PINP, HbA1c, FPG and BMI decreased (p<0.05). 2. In the control group, HbA1c, FPG and PINP decreased (p<0.05). 3. Comparison between groups after 24 weeks of treatment: there was significant difference in BMI (p<0.05).
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Sajja, Sujith V., Matthew P. Galloway, Farhad Ghoddoussi, T. Dhananjeyan, Andrea Kespel, and Pamela VandeVord. "Possible Mechanism of Blast-Induced Neuronal Damage in Hippocampus May Explain Cognitive Deficits." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19545.

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Traumatic brain injury due to blast exposure is quickly becoming the most frequently seen injury in today’s battlefields. Alterations in cognitive function, such as attention, memory, language and problem solving skills appear to occur as a result of blast-induced TBI. Furthermore, behavioral symptoms such as mood changes, depression, anxiety, impulsiveness and emotional outbursts are associated with blast-induced TBI (Okie et al, 2005). Observed overlaps between symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and TBI confound the differential diagnosis. Thus, soldiers with blast-induced TBI may be substantially under-diagnosed after exposure to blast waves. Animal models of blast-induced TBI are underdeveloped and there is a vital need for blast exposure biomarkers to help effectively diagnosis blast-induced TBI. In this study, we have investigated the mechanisms that underlie cognitive impairment of blast-induced neurotrauma. We have studied the cascade of neurochemical changes within the hippocampus of blast-exposed animals using 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1HMRS). Furthermore, we examined changes in TBI protein markers using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results suggest that exposure to blast waves has a significant effect on the hippocampus.
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