Journal articles: 'Clinical chemistry (incl. diagnostics)'

1

Merkoçi, Arben. "Electroanalysis-Based Clinical Diagnostics." Electroanalysis 26, no. 6 (June 2014): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.201410132.

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Rej, Robert. "Clinical Chemistry through Clinical Chemistry: A Journal Timeline." Clinical Chemistry 50, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 2415–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2004.042820.

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Abstract The establishment of the modern discipline of clinical chemistry was concurrent with the foundation of the journal Clinical Chemistry and that of the American Association for Clinical Chemistry in the late 1940s and early 1950s. To mark the 50th volume of this Journal, I chronicle and highlight scientific milestones, and those within the discipline, as documented in the pages of Clinical Chemistry. Amazing progress has been made in the field of laboratory diagnostics over these five decades, in many cases paralleling—as well as being bolstered by—the rapid pace in the development of computer technologies. Specific areas of laboratory medicine particularly well represented in Clinical Chemistry include lipids, endocrinology, protein markers, quality of laboratory measurements, molecular diagnostics, and general advances in methodology and instrumentation.

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Popp, R., M. Basik, A. Spatz, G. Batist, R. P. Zahedi, and C. H. Borchers. "How iMALDI can improve clinical diagnostics." Analyst 143, no. 10 (2018): 2197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an00094h.

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4

Горбич, Ю. Л., И. А. Карпов, Н. В. Соловей, and О. А. Горбич. "Infective Endocarditis in the Current Clinical Practice." Клиническая инфектология и паразитология, no. 1 (April 16, 2020): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2020.9.1.009.

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Инфекционный эндокардит остается заболеванием с относительно высокой летальностью, достигающей в настоящее время 1520 среди установленных случаев. Летальность в большинстве случаев связана с отсутствием или поздней диагностикой заболевания. В статье освещены ключевые аспекты этиологии, возможности диагностики (в том числе ранней диагностики) инфекционного эндокардита. Клиническая картина заболевания крайне неспецифична и не позволяет установить этот диагноз. Модифицированные критерии Дьюка и эхокардиография остаются основой диагностики, однако новые методики визуализационной диагностики (позитронно-эмиссионная томография, многослойная компьютерная томография с ангиографией) расширяют возможности постановки диагноза в сложных случаях. Особое внимание уделено вопросам антимикробной терапии инфекционного эндокардита, приведены схемы эмпирической и этиотропной терапии у пациентов с естественными и протезированными клапанами, факторы риска грибкового эндокардита и практические особенности использования наиболее широко применяющихся антибиотиков. Обсуждены возможности профилактики инфекционного эндокардита, которая в настоящее время рекомендована для применения только при ряде инвазивных стоматологических вмешательств у пациентов высокого риска. Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a highly mortal disease with approximately 1520 of lethal outcomes among established cases. In the vast majority of cases mortality in IE patients is associated with missed or made only late in the disease course diagnosis. Key features of the infective endocarditis etiology and diagnostics (incl. early diagnostics) are highlighted in this article. Clinical picture of the disease is nonspecific and does not allow making a diagnosis. The modified Duke Criteria and echocardiography remain the cornerstones of the diagnosis, however the new imaging methods (positron-emission tomography, multislice computed tomography with angiography) enlarge diagnostic options in complex and tricky cases. Particular attention was paid for antimicrobial therapy of infective endocarditis. Recommendations for empiric and targeted therapy in patients with native and prosthetic valves, risk factors for fungal endocarditis and practical essentials for the most widely used antibiotics are included in the article. Prophylactic approaches for infective endocarditis are also discussed. Issued guidelines recommend antibiotic prophylaxis only in high-risk patients before selected invasive dentistry procedures.

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5

Berger, L. "Sigma diagnostics: pioneer of kits for clinical chemistry." Clinical Chemistry 39, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 902–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.5.902.

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Naithani, Manisha, and Parduman Singh. "Teitz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry & Molecular Diagnostics." Medical Journal Armed Forces India 62, no. 2 (April 2006): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-1237(06)80079-1.

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Hellsten, E., J. Vesa, I. J�rvel�, T. P. M�kel�, P. Santavuori, and L. Peltonen. "Refined assignment of the infantile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (INCL) locus at 1p32 and the current status of prenatal and carrier diagnostics." Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 16, no. 2 (1993): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00710277.

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8

Bertok, Tomas, Aniko Bertokova, Stefania Hroncekova, Erika Chocholova, Natalia Svecova, Lenka Lorencova, Peter Kasak, and Jan Tkac. "Novel Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: Aetiology, Clinical Performance and Sensing Applications." Chemosensors 9, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9080205.

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The review initially provides a short introduction to prostate cancer (PCa) incidence, mortality, and diagnostics. Next, the need for novel biomarkers for PCa diagnostics is briefly discussed. The core of the review provides details about PCa aetiology, alternative biomarkers available for PCa diagnostics besides prostate specific antigen and their biosensing. In particular, low molecular mass biomolecules (ions and metabolites) and high molecular mass biomolecules (proteins, RNA, DNA, glycoproteins, enzymes) are discussed, along with clinical performance parameters.

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9

Malhotra, Bansi D., and Asha Chaubey. "Biosensors for clinical diagnostics industry." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 91, no. 1-3 (June 2003): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-4005(03)00075-3.

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10

Belluzo, María, María Ribone, and Claudia Lagier. "Assembling Amperometric Biosensors for Clinical Diagnostics." Sensors 8, no. 3 (February 27, 2008): 1366–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s8031366.

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Hong, Ping, Wenli Li, and Jinming Li. "Applications of Aptasensors in Clinical Diagnostics." Sensors 12, no. 2 (January 30, 2012): 1181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s120201181.

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12

Buergelt, C. D. "Book Review: Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics." Veterinary Pathology 44, no. 1 (January 2007): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.44-1-128-a.

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13

Schultze, A. E. "Book Review: Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics." Veterinary Pathology 44, no. 1 (January 2007): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.44-1-129-a.

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14

van Schalkwijk, D. B., K. van Bochove, B. van Ommen, A. P. Freidig, E. P. van Someren, J. van der Greef, and A. A. de Graaf. "Developing computational model-based diagnostics to analyse clinical chemistry data." Briefings in Bioinformatics 11, no. 4 (January 7, 2010): 403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbp071.

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15

Connell, Emma. "Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (5th edn)." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 49, no. 6 (October 4, 2012): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/acb.2012.201217.

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16

Erickson, Britt. "Government and Society: Clinical diagnostics in need of standards." Analytical Chemistry 72, no. 13 (July 2000): 452 A—453 A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac002861w.

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17

Veselova, I. A., E. A. Sergeeva, M. I. Makedonskaya, O. E. Eremina, S. N. Kalmykov, and T. N. Shekhovtsova. "Methods for determining neurotransmitter metabolism markers for clinical diagnostics." Journal of Analytical Chemistry 71, no. 12 (December 2016): 1155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1061934816120108.

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18

Mahfoud, Omar K., Tatsiana Y. Rakovich, Adriele Prina-Mello, Dania Movia, Frauke Alves, and Yuri Volkov. "Detection of ErbB2: nanotechnological solutions for clinical diagnostics." RSC Adv. 4, no. 7 (2014): 3422–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra45401k.

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19

Marchiarullo, Daniel J., Ji Y. Lim, Zalman Vaksman, Jerome P. Ferrance, Lakshmi Putcha, and James P. Landers. "Towards an integrated microfluidic device for spaceflight clinical diagnostics." Journal of Chromatography A 1200, no. 2 (July 2008): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.031.

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20

Yagati, Ajay Kumar, and Jeong-Woo Choi. "Protein Based Electrochemical Biosensors for H2O2Detection Towards Clinical Diagnostics." Electroanalysis 26, no. 6 (May 19, 2014): 1259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.201400037.

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21

Wu, A. H., G. R. Taylor, G. A. Graham, and B. A. McKinley. "The clinical chemistry and immunology of long-duration space missions." Clinical Chemistry 39, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/39.1.22.

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Abstract Clinical laboratory diagnostic capabilities are needed to guide health and medical care of astronauts during long-duration space missions. Clinical laboratory diagnostics, as defined for medical care on Earth, offers a model for space capabilities. Interpretation of laboratory results for health and medical care of humans in space requires knowledge of specific physiological adaptations that occur, primarily because of the absence of gravity, and how these adaptations affect reference values. Limited data from American and Russian missions have indicated shifts of intra- and extracellular fluids and electrolytes, changes in hormone concentrations related to fluid shifts and stresses of the missions, reductions in bone and muscle mass, and a blunting of the cellular immune response. These changes could increase susceptibility to space-related illness or injury during a mission and after return to Earth. We review physiological adaptations and the risk of medical problems that occur during space missions. We describe the need for laboratory diagnostics as a part of health and medical care in space, and how this capability might be delivered.

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Lovergne, L., P. Bouzy, V. Untereiner, R. Garnotel, M. J. Baker, G. Thiéfin, and G. D. Sockalingum. "Biofluid infrared spectro-diagnostics: pre-analytical considerations for clinical applications." Faraday Discussions 187 (2016): 521–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fd00184f.

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Several proof-of-concept studies on the vibrational spectroscopy of biofluids have demonstrated that the methodology has promising potential as a clinical diagnostic tool. However, these studies also show that there is a lack of a standardised protocol in sample handling and preparation prior to spectroscopic analysis. One of the most important sources of analytical errors is the pre-analytical phase. For the technique to be translated into clinics, it is clear that a very strict protocol needs to be established for such biological samples. This study focuses on some of the aspects of the pre-analytical phase in the development of the high-throughput Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of some of the most common biofluids such as serum, plasma and bile. Pre-analytical considerations that can impact either the samples (solvents, anti-coagulants, freeze–thaw cycles…) and/or spectroscopic analysis (sample preparation such as drying, deposit methods, volumes, substrates, operators dependence…) and consequently the quality and the reproducibility of spectral data will be discussed in this report.

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Ghosh, Debasmita, Srabanti Ghosh, and Abhijit Saha. "Quantum dot based probing of mannitol: An implication in clinical diagnostics." Analytica Chimica Acta 675, no. 2 (August 2010): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2010.07.020.

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Bujak, Renata, Wiktoria Struck-Lewicka, Michał J. Markuszewski, and Roman Kaliszan. "Metabolomics for laboratory diagnostics." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 113 (September 2015): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2014.12.017.

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Yu, Xiaowen, Daniel Scott, Emre Dikici, Smita Joel, Sapna Deo, and Sylvia Daunert. "Multiplexing cytokine analysis: towards reducing sample volume needs in clinical diagnostics." Analyst 144, no. 10 (2019): 3250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9an00297a.

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26

Kemmler, Manuel, Birgit Koger, Gerd Sulz, Ursula Sauer, Erwin Schleicher, Claudia Preininger, and Albrecht Brandenburg. "Compact point-of-care system for clinical diagnostics." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 139, no. 1 (May 2009): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2008.08.043.

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27

Weile, Jan, and Cornelius Knabbe. "Current applications and future trends of molecular diagnostics in clinical bacteriology." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 394, no. 3 (April 18, 2009): 731–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-009-2779-8.

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28

McRae, Michael P., Kritika S. Rajsri, Timothy M. Alcorn, and John T. McDevitt. "Smart Diagnostics: Combining Artificial Intelligence and In Vitro Diagnostics." Sensors 22, no. 17 (August 24, 2022): 6355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176355.

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We are beginning a new era of Smart Diagnostics—integrated biosensors powered by recent innovations in embedded electronics, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence (AI). Universal and AI-based in vitro diagnostics (IVDs) have the potential to exponentially improve healthcare decision making in the coming years. This perspective covers current trends and challenges in translating Smart Diagnostics. We identify essential elements of Smart Diagnostics platforms through the lens of a clinically validated platform for digitizing biology and its ability to learn disease signatures. This platform for biochemical analyses uses a compact instrument to perform multiclass and multiplex measurements using fully integrated microfluidic cartridges compatible with the point of care. Image analysis digitizes biology by transforming fluorescence signals into inputs for learning disease/health signatures. The result is an intuitive Score reported to the patients and/or providers. This AI-linked universal diagnostic system has been validated through a series of large clinical studies and used to identify signatures for early disease detection and disease severity in several applications, including cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19, and oral cancer. The utility of this Smart Diagnostics platform may extend to multiple cell-based oncology tests via cross-reactive biomarkers spanning oral, colorectal, lung, bladder, esophageal, and cervical cancers, and is well-positioned to improve patient care, management, and outcomes through deployment of this resilient and scalable technology. Lastly, we provide a future perspective on the direction and trajectory of Smart Diagnostics and the transformative effects they will have on health care.

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Natrajan, Anand, and David Wen. "Effect of branching in remote substituents on light emission and stability of chemiluminescent acridinium esters." RSC Adv. 4, no. 42 (2014): 21852–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra02516d.

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Swiner, Devin J., Sierra Jackson, Benjamin J. Burris, and Abraham K. Badu-Tawiah. "Applications of Mass Spectrometry for Clinical Diagnostics: The Influence of Turnaround Time." Analytical Chemistry 92, no. 1 (November 2019): 183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04901.

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de Macedo, Adriana Nori, Muhammad Irfan Yasin Jiwa, Joseph Macri, Vladimir Belostotsky, Stephen Hill, and Philip Britz-McKibbin. "Strong Anion Determination in Biological Fluids by Capillary Electrophoresis for Clinical Diagnostics." Analytical Chemistry 85, no. 22 (October 29, 2013): 11112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac402975q.

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Tang, Yi-Wei, Gary W. Procop, and David H. Persing. "Molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases." Clinical Chemistry 43, no. 11 (November 1, 1997): 2021–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/43.11.2021.

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Abstract Over the past several years, the development and application of molecular diagnostic techniques has initiated a revolution in the diagnosis and monitoring of infectious diseases. Microbial phenotypic characteristics, such as protein, bacteriophage, and chromatographic profiles, as well as biotyping and susceptibility testing, are used in most routine laboratories for identification and differentiation. Nucleic acid techniques, such as plasmid profiling, various methods for generating restriction fragment length polymorphisms, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are making increasing inroads into clinical laboratories. PCR-based systems to detect the etiologic agents of disease directly from clinical samples, without the need for culture, have been useful in rapid detection of unculturable or fastidious microorganisms. Additionally, sequence analysis of amplified microbial DNA allows for identification and better characterization of the pathogen. Subspecies variation, identified by various techniques, has been shown to be important in the prognosis of certain diseases. Other important advances include the determination of viral load and the direct detection of genes or gene mutations responsible for drug resistance. Increased use of automation and user-friendly software makes these technologies more widely available. In all, the detection of infectious agents at the nucleic acid level represents a true synthesis of clinical chemistry and clinical microbiology techniques.

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33

Sanchez, Robersy, Xiaodong Yang, Thomas Maher, and Sally A. Mackenzie. "Discrimination of DNA Methylation Signal from Background Variation for Clinical Diagnostics." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 21 (October 27, 2019): 5343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215343.

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Advances in the study of human DNA methylation variation offer a new avenue for the translation of epigenetic research results to clinical applications. Although current approaches to methylome analysis have been helpful in revealing an epigenetic influence in major human diseases, this type of analysis has proven inadequate for the translation of these advances to clinical diagnostics. As in any clinical test, the use of a methylation signal for diagnostic purposes requires the estimation of an optimal cutoff value for the signal, which is necessary to discriminate a signal induced by a disease state from natural background variation. To address this issue, we propose the application of a fundamental signal detection theory and machine learning approaches. Simulation studies and tests of two available methylome datasets from autism and leukemia patients demonstrate the feasibility of this approach in clinical diagnostics, providing high discriminatory power for the methylation signal induced by disease, as well as high classification performance. Specifically, the analysis of whole biomarker genomic regions could suffice for a diagnostic, markedly decreasing its cost.

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34

SANGINOV, D. R., Z. H. HUSEYNZODA, I. N. HUSEYNOV, F. Kh RAIHONOV, I. K. NIYAZOV, and A. Zh ZHYLKAIDAROVA. "Some aspects of skin melanoma diagnostics and treatment in the Republic of Tajikistan." Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana 56, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52532/2663-4864-2020-2-56-12-15.

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Relevance: Melanoma is considered one of the most aggressive tumors. It is distinguished by early and multiple metastases, often unsatisfactory outcomes, and a variety of clinical and morphological forms. Its incidence is steadily growing in the world and the Republic of Tajikistan. The official statistics reported 222 newly diagnosed cases of skin melanoma in 2018 vs. 159 in 2010. According to our figures, patients below 40 years are mostly women (56.2%), older patients are mostly men. The peak incidence is at the age of 40 and above, with the average patient age of 53. Other ages are also affected, including 1-2 cases at the age of 0-4 years. The purpose of the study was to analyze the specifics of diagnostics, treatment, and survival rates of patients with skin melanoma in the Republic of Tajikistan and assess the errors in diagnostics and tactics at the primary healthcare level. Results: We studied the medical records of 26 patients treated in-patiently at the Republican Oncological Scientific Center of the Republic of Tajikistan in 2017-2019. The patient age varied from 20 to 89 years, men (73.1%) prevailed, the peak incidence was at the age of 45-66 years. More than half of the patients came to treatment within two years after the onset of the disease. The disease factors included: trauma incl. surgical intervention (38.4%), hereditary factor (7.7%), spontaneous occurrence (30.7%), and precancer diseases (nevi) (23.1%). The diagnosis was verified before surgery in 14 (53.8%) cases, intraoperatively in 2 (7.7%), and post-surgery in 10 (38.5%). The tumor was localized mainly on the body (38.5%) and the lower limb (23.1%). 21 (80.8%) patients underwent various surgical interventions, 5 (19.2%) patients refused surgery. 8 (30.8%) patients had metastases at diagnosis; in 4 (15.4%), metastases appeared up to 3 years after surgery. The mortality before three years was 12 (46.2%). The 3-year observed survival was 52.1%. Conclusion: Timely diagnostics and optimal choice of treatment in skin melanoma are of importance. A high rate of diagnostic errors at the general practitioners’ level affects the overall survival of patients.

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35

Aslan, Kadir, and Chris D. Geddes. "New tools for rapid clinical and bioagent diagnostics: microwaves and plasmonic nanostructures." Analyst 133, no. 11 (2008): 1469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b808292h.

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Kronbichler, Andreas, and Vladimir Tesar. "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics of Nephropathy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 16006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232416006.

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Years of standing still have ended, and the field of nephrology has seen a plethora of clinical trials, changing the therapeutic landscape of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and immune-mediated kidney disease management [...]

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37

Stevens, Katherine G., and Tara L. Pukala. "Conjugating immunoassays to mass spectrometry: Solutions to contemporary challenges in clinical diagnostics." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 132 (November 2020): 116064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2020.116064.

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38

McKnight, Brooke N., and Nerissa T. Viola-Villegas. "89Zr-ImmunoPET companion diagnostics and their impact in clinical drug development." Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals 61, no. 9 (March 12, 2018): 727–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.3605.

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39

Qiu, Xue, Jingyue Xu, Jiajia Guo, Akram Yahia-Ammar, Nikiforos-Ioannis Kapetanakis, Isabelle Duroux-Richard, Julia J. Unterluggauer, et al. "Advanced microRNA-based cancer diagnostics using amplified time-gated FRET." Chemical Science 9, no. 42 (2018): 8046–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc03121e.

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40

Brannelly, N. T., J. P. Hamilton-Shield, and A. J. Killard. "The Measurement of Ammonia in Human Breath and its Potential in Clinical Diagnostics." Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 46, no. 6 (February 23, 2016): 490–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2016.1153949.

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41

Kawczyk‐Krupka, Aleksandra, Dorota Bartusik‐Aebisher, Wojciech Latos, Grzegorz Cieślar, Karolina Sieroń, Sebastian Kwiatek, Piotr Oleś, et al. "Clinical Trials and Basic Research in Photodynamic Diagnostics and Therapies from the Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy in Poland." Photochemistry and Photobiology 96, no. 3 (April 29, 2020): 539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/php.13243.

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42

Naudin, Claude. "Ortho Clinical Diagnostics : la connaissance scientifique influence notre mode de vie." Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2010, no. 423 (June 2010): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(10)70527-x.

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43

Sanginov, D. R., Z. H. Huseynzoda, I. N. Huseynov, F. Kh Raihonov, I. K. Niyazov, and A. Zh Zhylkaidarova. "Some aspects of skin melanoma diagnostics and treatment in the Republic of Tajikistan." Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana 56, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2020-2-56-16-21.

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Relevance: Melanoma is considered one of the most aggressive tumors. It is distinguished by early and multiple metastases, often unsatisfactory outcomes, and a variety of clinical and morphological forms. Its incidence is steadily growing in the world and the Republic of Tajikistan. The official statistics reported 222 newly diagnosed cases of skin melanoma in 2018 vs. 159 in 2010. According to our figures, patients below 40 years are mostly women (56.2%), older patients are mostly men. The peak incidence is at the age of 40 and above, with the average patient age of 53. Other ages are also affected, including 1-2 cases at the age of 0-4 years. The purpose of the study was to analyze the specifics of diagnostics, treatment, and survival rates of patients with skin melanoma in the Republic of Tajikistan and assess the errors in diagnostics and tactics at the primary healthcare level. Results: We studied the medical records of 26 patients treated in-patiently at the Republican Oncological Scientific Center of the Republic of Tajikistan in 2017-2019. The patient age varied from 20 to 89 years, men (73.1%) prevailed, the peak incidence was at the age of 45-66 years. More than half of the patients came to treatment within two years after the onset of the disease. The disease factors included: trauma incl. surgical intervention (38.4%), hereditary factor (7.7%), spontaneous occurrence (30.7%), and precancer diseases (nevi) (23.1%). The diagnosis was verified before surgery in 14 (53.8%) cases, intraoperatively in 2 (7.7%), and post-surgery in 10 (38.5%). The tumor was localized mainly on the body (38.5%) and the lower limb (23.1%). 21 (80.8%) patients underwent various surgical interventions, 5 (19.2%) patients refused surgery. 8 (30.8%) patients had metastases at diagnosis; in 4 (15.4%), metastases appeared up to 3 years after surgery. The mortality before three years was 12 (46.2%). The 3-year observed survival was 52.1%. Conclusion: Timely diagnostics and optimal choice of treatment in skin melanoma are of importance. A high rate of diagnostic errors at the general practitioners’ level affects the overall survival of patients.

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44

Natrajan, Anand, David Wen, and David Sharpe. "Synthesis and properties of chemiluminescent acridinium ester labels with fluorous tags." Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, no. 23 (2014): 3887–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ob00456f.

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Weiss, Ruben, Márton Palatinszky, Michael Wagner, Reinhard Niessner, Martin Elsner, Michael Seidel, and Natalia P. Ivleva. "Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of microorganisms: limitations and applicability on the single-cell level." Analyst 144, no. 3 (2019): 943–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an02177e.

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Shansky, Yaroslav, and Julia Bespyatykh. "Bile Acids: Physiological Activity and Perspectives of Using in Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostics." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 13, 2022): 7830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227830.

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Bile acids play a significant role in the digestion of nutrients. In addition, bile acids perform a signaling function through their blood-circulating fraction. They regulate the activity of nuclear and membrane receptors, located in many tissues. The gut microbiota is an important factor influencing the effects of bile acids via enzymatic modification. Depending on the rate of healthy and pathogenic microbiota, a number of bile acids may support lipid and glucose homeostasis as well as shift to more toxic compounds participating in many pathological conditions. Thus, bile acids can be possible biomarkers of human pathology. However, the chemical structure of bile acids is similar and their analysis requires sensitive and specific methods of analysis. In this review, we provide information on the chemical structure and the biosynthesis of bile acids, their regulation, and their physiological role. In addition, the review describes the involvement of bile acids in various diseases of the digestive system, the approaches and challenges in the analysis of bile acids, and the prospects of their use in omics technologies.

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Duncan, Mark W., Dobrin Nedelkov, Ryan Walsh, and Stephen J. Hattan. "Applications of MALDI Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Chemistry." Clinical Chemistry 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.239491.

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Abstract BACKGROUND MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) is set to make inroads into clinical chemistry because it offers advantages over other analytical platforms. These advantages include low acquisition and operating costs, ease of use, ruggedness, and high throughput. When coupled with innovative front-end strategies and applied to important clinical problems, it can deliver rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective assays. CONTENT This review describes the general principles of MALDI-TOF MS, highlights the unique features of the platform, and discusses some practical methods based upon it. There is substantial potential for MALDI-TOF MS to make further inroads into clinical chemistry because of the selectivity of mass detection and its ability to independently quantify proteoforms. SUMMARY MALDI-TOF MS has already transformed the practice of clinical microbiology and this review illustrates how and why it is now set to play an increasingly important role in in vitro diagnostics in particular, and clinical chemistry in general.

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Lim, Jinsook, Kyung Eun Song, Sang Hoon Song, Hyun-Jung Choi, Sun Hoe Koo, and Gye Choel Kwon. "Traceability Assessment and Performance Evaluation of Results for Measurement of Abbott Clinical Chemistry Assays on 4 Chemistry Analyzers." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 140, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2015-0088-oa.

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Context.—The traceability of clinical results to internationally recognized and accepted reference materials and reference measurement procedures has become increasingly important. Therefore, the establishment of traceability has become a mandatory requirement for all in vitro diagnostics devices. Objectives.—To evaluate the traceability of the Abbott Architect c8000 system (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois), consisting of calibrators and reagents, across 4 different chemistry analyzers, and to evaluate its general performance on the Toshiba 2000FR NEO (Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara-shi, Tochigi-ken, Japan). Design.—For assessment of traceability, secondary reference materials were evaluated 5 times, and then bias was calculated. Precision, linearity, and carryover were determined according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (Wayne, Pennsylvania). Results.—The biases from 4 different analyzers ranged from −2.33% to 2.70% on the Toshiba 2000FR NEO, −2.33% to 5.12% on the Roche Hitachi 7600 (Roche Diagnostics International, Basel, Switzerland), −0.93% to 2.87% on the Roche Modular, and −2.16% to 2.86% on the Abbott Architect c16000. The total coefficients of variance of all analytes were less than 5%. The coefficients of determination (R2) were more than 0.9900. The carryover rate ranged from −0.54% to 0.17%. Conclusions.—Abbott clinical chemistry assays met the performance criteria based on desirable biological variation for precision, bias, and total error. They also showed excellent linearity and carryover. Therefore, these clinical chemistry assays were found to be accurate and reliable and are readily applicable on the various platforms used in this study.

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Xue, Xiaoting, Rui Lu, Min Liu, Yi Li, Jiansheng Li, and Lianjun Wang. "A facile and general approach for the preparation of boronic acid-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for the selective enrichment of glycoproteins." Analyst 144, no. 2 (2019): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an01704b.

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Karlsson, Roger, Annika Thorsell, Margarita Gomila, Francisco Salvà-Serra, Hedvig E. Jakobsson, Lucia Gonzales-Siles, Daniel Jaén-Luchoro, et al. "Discovery of Species-unique Peptide Biomarkers of Bacterial Pathogens by Tandem Mass Spectrometry-based Proteotyping." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 19, no. 3 (January 15, 2020): 518–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.ra119.001667.

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Mass spectrometry (MS) and proteomics offer comprehensive characterization and identification of microorganisms and discovery of protein biomarkers that are applicable for diagnostics of infectious diseases. The use of biomarkers for diagnostics is widely applied in the clinic and the use of peptide biomarkers is increasingly being investigated for applications in the clinical laboratory. Respiratory-tract infections are a predominant cause for medical treatment, although, clinical assessments and standard clinical laboratory protocols are time-consuming and often inadequate for reliable diagnoses. Novel methods, preferably applied directly to clinical samples, excluding cultivation steps, are needed to improve diagnostics of infectious diseases, provide adequate treatment and reduce the use of antibiotics and associated development of antibiotic resistance. This study applied nano-liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with tandem MS, with a bioinformatics pipeline and an in-house database of curated high-quality reference genome sequences to identify species-unique peptides as potential biomarkers for four bacterial pathogens commonly found in respiratory tract infections (RTIs): Staphylococcus aureus; Moraxella catarrhalis; Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The species-unique peptides were initially identified in pure cultures of bacterial reference strains, reflecting the genomic variation in the four species and, furthermore, in clinical respiratory tract samples, without prior cultivation, elucidating proteins expressed in clinical conditions of infection. For each of the four bacterial pathogens, the peptide biomarker candidates most predominantly found in clinical samples, are presented. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD014522. As proof-of-principle, the most promising species-unique peptides were applied in targeted tandem MS-analyses of clinical samples and their relevance for identifications of the pathogens, i.e. proteotyping, was validated, thus demonstrating their potential as peptide biomarker candidates for diagnostics of infectious diseases.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Clinical chemistry (incl. diagnostics)'

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