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1
Mapekula, Luyanda Rita. "Psychological explanations in HIV/AIDS counselling." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13486.
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Bibliography: leaves 75-77.This research investigated the extent to which explanations of the aetiology, course, treatment, and prognosis of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are shared or differ between African health workers (counsellors) and their African clients who are affected. Medical anthropology and constructionist theory provided theoretical frameworks to explore the significance and meaning of explanations as well as implications for counselling objectives. A qualitative methodology, drawn from theoretical models which emphasize the cultural construction of explanations of disease, was used. Findings suggest that counsellors' explanations are medical and objective with passive notions of bodily processes, while clients' explanations reflect subjective, personal experiences with the condition attributed to active human agency, supernatural and natural powers. Both counsellors and clients use personal characteristics, social stereotypes and people's actions as determinants for infection. The findings suggest that clients use these to empower themselves in order to cope with the disease, while counsellors use them to assert their power both over clients and in the health care systems; and thus contribute to obstacles in counselling. Suggestions for addressing issues in HIV/AIDS counselling and recommendations for future research in this area are included.
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De, Kock Nicola. "Counselling survivors of crime: the psychological impact on volunteers." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10397.
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Includes bibliographical references.The purpose of this study was to explore the negative and positive psychological impacts on victim support volunteers who counsel survivors of crime as part of the Victim Empowerment Programme (VEP). A qualitative, multiple case study research design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 Cape Town based participants who are volunteer counsellors of the VEP. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. While the majority of the sample had experienced negative symptoms at some stage in their volunteering history, these symptoms were generally of a transient nature. The themes relating to these negative consequences included: continued concern for or unwanted thoughts about past clients and cases; sleep disturbances; feelings of despondency in relation to the work; avoidant behaviours; difficulty regulating emotions; and reduced empathy and tolerance for certain types of crime survivors. All of the participants reported positive consequences of a long-term nature as a result of their support work, including: the witnessing of benefits to crime survivors; the volunteers' experience of the work as rewarding and fulfilling; and, personal growth and development. A final theme which defied simple categorisation as either positive or negative was the participants' increased awareness of safety and security needs due to their volunteer work. Factors raised by participants that were considered to have an impact on their negative and positive experiences were: training and education; organisational processes and support structures; partnerships with other organisations; and individual factors. Recommendations for future research are offered, as well as suggestions regarding ways to better protect volunteers from the possible negative psychological consequences associated with their support work, and to enhance their potential to experience positive impacts.
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Fritz, Nabillia Jocasta. "Clinical and Counselling Psychology Student Attitudes and Receptiveness towards Evidence-Based Practice." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7962.
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Magister Psychologiae - MPsychEvidence-based practice (EBP) has been internationally recognised as the gold standard for the provision of safe and compassionate health care, and entails integrating clinical expertise with the best available research evidence in order to make effective decisions about the care of patients. The adoption of EBP remains slow, and this has been identified as a significant public health concern as few people with mental disorders in South Africa are treated using evidence-based psychological treatments (EBTs). Proponents of EBP have argued that the most effective way of sustaining the use of EBTs is by adopting EBP as a guiding pedagogical principle in professional psychology training programmes. For such efforts to be successful, it is pertinent to assess the receptiveness of the target population. Attitudes towards EBP remain the top indicator of successful adoption. The current study explored the attitudes and receptiveness towards EBP among clinical and counselling psychology students (N=57) at 11 accredited institutions nationally. Participation in the study was voluntary and the procedure followed all ethical requirements. All data collection occurred online. Participants completed a general questionnaire, the Evidence-Based Practice Attitudes Scale-15 (EBPAS-15) and the Organisational Culture and Readiness for System-wide Integration of Evidence-based Practice (OCRSIEP) Scale All data collection instruments demonstrated sound psychometric properties. A major finding of this study was that clinical and counselling psychology students reported favourable attitudes and receptiveness towards the adoption of EBP. The overall score on the EBPAS-15 indicated that students were likely to adopt EBP, while results on the ORCSIEP overall score indicated that they were receptive towards EBP and were ready to adopt EBP. An exploration of the association between attitudes and receptiveness towards EBP indicated that no correlation exists. Additionally, factors such as age, gender, psychology programme enrolment and preferred therapeutic orientation were not significantly associated with attitudes and receptiveness towards EBP. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that there is a sound foundation on which to incorporate EBP into the professional training programmes of psychology students.
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Sandenbergh, Rob. "AIDS/representation and psychological practice : (inter)subjectivity in HIV counselling." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13501.
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Bibliography: leaves 52-63.This study undertakes a discourse analysis of a counselling session with an HIV positive man. Literature, informed by post-structuralism, on the representations and practices that surround the HIV/AIDS epidemic is examined as a background to the study. Self psychological theory concerning mourning, the psychodynamic consequences of having AIDS and selfobject phantasies is examined. This theory is criticised for ignoring the content of phantasies as well as the imbrication of the subject within the social. In an attempt to address these gaps theorisation of stigma and gendered development is introduced, as well as Hollway's (1984) broadly Foucauldian notions of investment in subject positionings. A multiple theoretical position conceptualising counselling as (inter)subjective process re-producing particular subject positionings is developed. The relations between various subject positions are described, drawing on self psychological theory to consider the investments the participants in the session may have had in each position. The analytic reading suggests that in the elaboration of particular selfobject phantasies the HIV positive client is able to cohese his sense of self and to disavow a knowing of himself as a stigmatised person with AIDS. The counsellor, through subject positionings which are in conjuncture with those of the client, disavows a knowing of the client as a person with AIDS. Through these positionings a necessary allusion of attunement is produced, allowing the counsellor to mirror the client. From this analysis various implications for consultation, supervision and training are drawn. The study .suggests that multiple ways in which HIV I AIDS is represented requires psychologists to explore their own positionings with regards to salient HIV/AIDS related issues, as these positionings have effects in work in this field.
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Nell, Erika. "The Effects of a DVD counselling programme in preventing the breakdown of a partner relationships of Master's students in Clinical Psychology." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/680.
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Thesis (MSc (Clinical Psychology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2010.The Clinical Psychology training program at the University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus) is based on the theoretical paradigm of General Systems Theory. The functioning of systems in terms of patterns, structure, organization and relationships can therefore also be applied to the trainee and his/her partner relationship system which is characterized by circular patterns of interaction. Ernst (2008) states that within the context of General Systems theory it became evident that the trainee does not function in isolation but as part of a system. The trainee undergoes significant changes throughout the training year if training is effective and this in turn may also impact on the trainee's partner relationship. This investigation was done to establish the effect of a DVD Counselling Programme on the partner-relationship of the trainee in Clinical Psychology with his/her partner/spouse. This is done in order to provide feedback to the trainers of the Clinical Psychology training at Medunsa. This may also possibly assist in establishing a more scientifically founded aid for the trainees in Msc. Clinical Psychology and their partners/spouses. It was a qualitative research project, in which person centered interviews were held with participants and thematically analyzed by three independent clinicians. The entire research project and findings are contextualized in accordance with General Systems Theory. The results indicated that the DVD had a moderate effect on 4/6 of the sample population that reported that their relationship improved in respect of the nature and quality based on mutual understanding, emotional closeness, obtaining of relational skills, effective communication and awareness regarding the impact of the training year on their relationship. The impact of the DVD was somewhat limited in that not all the participants watched it and the manner iIi which some of the trainees approached their partners/spouses, which may have had an effect on how the DVD is received and experienced.
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Clayton, Janine Lydia. "An analysis of client trends in gay and lesbian counselling service." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7719.
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Bibliography: leaves 74-77.Due to experiences of homophobia encountered within mainstream mental health services, sexual minorities have established mental health services that address their needs. This study explored client patterns and trends at Triangle Project, a counselling service, aimed at gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgendered (GLBT) individuals. The data was collected and analysed by examining existing documentation that contained clients’ information. This method of secondary analysis also included looking at the organisation's annual reports and an evaluation report. The findings indicated that GLBT communities favour counselling services aimed specifically at meeting their needs. Furthermore, GLBT individuals do not necessarily present with concerns relating to their sexuality, but there are commonalities with heterosexual individuals’ presenting concerns. In addition, it was apparent that gay men and lesbians presented with different concerns. Lesbians expressed their primary concern as relationship difficulties, followed by depression, while gay men reported issues such loneliness and other situational concerns. White gay men made use of services more so than other sexual minorities of colour. The findings also revealed that youth, lesbians and gay men of colour, were not well represented, and that youth, particularly, were at risk of possibly experiencing mental ill health. This study recommends that it is crucial for mental health workers to be equipped to provide effective mental health services for GLBT communities and that interventions are designed to facilitate and promote the mental health of GLBT individuals. It is also imperative that the GLBT community is not viewed as a monolithic group and that mental health workers are sensitive to differences of culture and ethnicity.
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Dobson, Nick. "Women counselling psychology trainees' accounts of clinical supervision : an exploration of discursive power." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2012. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/women-counselling-psychology-trainees’-accounts-of-clinical-supervision(eb512278-60c6-4126-9f4b-32b0cf040c3b).html.
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This research has drawn on poststructuralist thinking to posit that assertions of supervision being a benign and necessary process or activity rely on modernist assumptions. Utilising Foucault’s work on discourses and power, this study conceptualised supervision as a social construction that has implications for practice and subjectivity, and that this process, within the context of counselling psychology, with its particular epistemological underpinnings, is worthy of further exploration. This study makes an original contribution through extending the work by Crocket (2004, 2007), who has investigated supervision’s shaping effects on professional identity, to apply it to the particular epistemological and theoretical context of counselling psychology, a profession said to value postmodern ideas such as pluralism and ambiguity (Rizq, 2006). Semi-structured interviews with six women counselling psychology trainees were analysed using Foucauldian discourse analysis, a social constructionist methodology, and found a number of discourses implicated in trainees’ subjectivity and practice. Whilst expert, developmental and gender discourses were found to be implicated in constructions of supervision as hierarchical, which was seen as a key aspect of constructions of power in supervision, other discourses were identified that offered positions from which to resist this. The researcher acknowledges that the discursive resources identified are based on this particular sample, could have been read in other ways and does not assume they can be applied to all trainee counselling psychologists. Rather, it is hoped this study may contribute to debate around supervision and it’s shaping effects and consequently be useful in enhancing counselling psychology’s reflexivity in research and practice.
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Moran, Mary. "The emergence of shame in counselling and clinical psychology supervision : a narrative analysis." Thesis, University of East London, 2017. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/6780/.
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Theoretical research demonstrates that shame is inevitable in supervision as a consequence of exposing one’s clinical errors and personal limitations whilst being evaluated. Despite this, shame in supervision has been inadequately addressed in the past. Previous research on the subject has also been mainly quantitative in nature. The present study employs a qualitative approach and a narrative research design in order to capture the experiences of the participants. This approach, which is more open and meaning-oriented than quantitative research, seemed best suited to investigating a concept that is both elusive and difficult to define. Semistructured interviews with six qualified psychologists (four clinical psychologists and two counselling psychologists; five females, one male) were conducted to gather narrative data. Results of the analysis are presented individually to represent the distinctive features of participants’ experiences and narratives. In addition, a content analysis identified three overarching themes common to all participants: unwanted identities, power dynamics and narcissistic vulnerabilities. Discussion focus on these themes all of which contribute to the emergence of shame. The analysis suggests that shame arises in interaction as a sudden, debilitating force when there is perceived or actual negative judgement of the self by others. The narratives highlight that the participants’ stories remain unresolved, primarily as a consequence of the difficulty of speaking about shame. Implications for supervisory practice are discussed.
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Kerr, Lucy. "Ways in which clinical supervision impacts practice as an experienced counselling psychologist : an interpretative phenomenological analysis." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2014. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/ways-in-which-clinical-supervision-impacts-practice-as-an-experienced-counselling-psychologist(e1eb8145-038c-469c-9a5a-650d11abdbaf).html.
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Clinical supervision is viewed as being an essential and integral part of both trainee and experienced therapists’ development. The cultural shift towards Evidence Based Practice has led to increased practitioner accountability and a requirement to ensure that patients gain access to the best-available mental health care. Supervision is heralded as the vehicle through which best practice can be obtained and, as a result, a strong demand for more research to support supervision practice has emerged. Most of the existing research is based on trainees with very little attention given to the views of more experienced or ‘expert’ practitioners. This study aimed to explore ways in which clinical supervision impacts the practice of experienced Counselling Psychologists by asking seven experienced practitioners (with 7-31 years of post-accreditation experience) to describe how they see their lived experience of supervision as having helped or hindered their practice. Data were collected using open-ended semi-structured interviews and were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Participants’ experiences clustered into three superordinate themes: a) Factors which Help Supervisee; b) Factors which Hinder Supervisee; and c) Impact on Working with Clients. The empirical findings suggest that clinical supervision can have both a helpful and hindering impact on practice and that experience-levels play a significant role in determining the way in which learning in supervision is viewed and experienced, the attitude with which supervision is approached, and the expectations of the supervisory alliance. In particular, these experienced practitioners adopted an open, flexible, curious and sometimes humorous attitude towards learning in supervision, valuing supervisor flexibility and insight whilst deploring supervisor rigidity. Furthermore, these experienced practitioners did not express a need or desire for a mutually strong supervisory alliance in supervision. Rather, the analysis revealed a one-way need to be able to trust and respect the supervisor for his/her insight and expertise. Findings are discussed in relation to existing literature and research. In addition, questions are raised about the positivist approach to knowledge which underpins most supervision research and it is argued that a broader conceptualization of knowledge might serve to expand our understanding of this important phenomenon. Implications for counselling psychology and for further research are explored.
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Washkansky, Denise. ""Go cry by the river" : a case study of a counselling service for abused women in rural Swaziland." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11128.
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Bibliography: leaves 79-83.In February 1999 a counselling service for women abuse survivors in rural Swaziland was evaluated. The evaluation highlighted that a number of organisational factors were undermining utilisation of the service. However, the evaluation failed to address broader contextual issues. This study, in the form of an in-depth case study, is a re-examination of the information gathered for the initial evaluation. It aims to explore the contextual issues underlying the poor utilisation of the counselling service. Within a qualitative paradigm, information for the initial evaluation was gathered through participant observation, open-ended interviews and a review of relevant documentation. A thematic analysis revealed that many perceptions about the meaning of the concept of 'women abuse' exist, both between and within the organisation and community groupings. As a result of the lack of a common definition of abuse and due to a pervasive silence around abuse in the community, it was perceived to be difficult for women to utilise local and organisational methods of healing. Furthermore, abuse in the community was perceived to be influenced by the broader context of women's inferior status in Swaziland. Recommendations are made with regard to strengthening the relationship between organisation and community. It is suggested that rather than importing organisational definitions and interventions into the community, the organisation play a facilitative role firstly, in encouraging community members to develop their own definitions of abuse - which are both guided by human rights principles and sensitive to the local context – and secondly, to devise their own strategies to deal with it.
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Merriman, Olivia. "Clinical implications of counselling psychologists' responses to client trauma : an interpretative phenomenological analysis." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2012. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/clinical-implications-of-counselling-psychologists’-responses-to-client-trauma(15c5281c-b0f5-4032-96d7-f63264a7c48e).html.
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Background and aims: The past two decades have seen a surge of interest in the impact of working with trauma on psychological therapists’ well-being. However, the implications of therapists’ responses to trauma for the process of therapy are unknown. The existing literature carries the assumption that therapists’ strong subjective responses to traumatic material have a negative impact on the therapeutic process, but this has not been directly researched. Therefore, this thesis investigates the experiences of therapists working with clients who describe traumatic events, and how therapists consider their responses to the disclosure of traumatic material to have impacted upon the therapeutic process. Method: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with nine qualified chartered counselling psychologists with experience of working with trauma. Interview transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: The analysis produced four superordinate themes. These were: (1) Demands and challenges in the use of self in response to trauma; (2) Dimensions of complexity in working with trauma: Conceptual, contextual, ethical, political; (3) Developing the therapeutic self in response to trauma; and (4) Valuing the therapeutic self in work with trauma. Conclusion: The research indicated that significant challenges were experienced in terms of the complex interpersonal dynamics, troubling somatic processes and ethical dilemmas in therapy with trauma. Furthermore, existing theoretical models were not sufficient to illuminate practice in these areas. Thus, this research indicates that specific 8 training and development in these areas is warranted, and a possible theoretical framework to help facilitate this is proposed. In addition, the current research supports the development of more explicitly socially contextualised approaches to trauma. Future research could usefully build on the current study by further investigating embodied processes and interpersonal dynamics, as well as the impact of therapists’ disclosure of their subjective responses in therapy with trauma.
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Campbell, Tomas. "Reasons for HIV testing in a heterosexual sample : the role played by affective factors and constructs from the health belief model." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/618/.
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Mitha, Farah. "Becoming mindfully mindful : counselling psychologists' use of mindfulness in their private lives and clinical practice." Thesis, City, University of London, 2018. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/21847/.
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Mindfulness has received growing interest. However, much of the research around the use and efficacy of mindfulness has been of a quantitative nature, which does not allow for a deep understanding of people's experiences of it. Despite the growing popularity of mindfulness practices among clinicians, research documenting the experience of psychologists using or delivering mindfulness interventions has been limited, with only a handful of studies looking at counselling psychologists. However, the client-centred ethos underpinning counselling psychology aligns itself particularly well with the values of mindfulness. This study aims to add to the literature by exploring the lived experience of counselling psychologists who use mindfulness in their personal lives and professional practice. It focuses on novice mindfulness practitioners, those who use mindfulness but do not self-identify as skilled mindfulness practitioners and have received no formal training in the area, a group which has so far received little attention. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore six-counselling psychologists' experience of mindfulness, both in their private lives and clinical practice. The research took the form of a qualitative, idiographic inquiry. Data analysis was conducted using interpretive phenomenological analysis. The results of this analysis denote my interpretation, of the participants interpretation, of their own lived experience. The results highlighted four superordinate themes: 'the Buddha pill', 'therapists' engagement with mindfulness', 'emotive responses' and 'doing versus being'. The research findings are considered in relation to the wider literature and links drawn. Implications for further research and clinical practice are outlined. It is hoped that the study will encourage counselling psychologists to reflect on their use of mindfulness in their practice and everyday lives.
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Samsami, Paniz. "The use of storytelling to make sense of painful life events : implications for clinical practice in counselling psychology." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/14563/.
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The aim of this study is to explore how individuals with an acquired facial disfigurement (FD), following a traumatic accident or illness, psychologically reconstruct themselves using a narrative analysis. Whilst previous studies on visible difference have employed both quantitative and qualitative based methodologies, there is only a handful of research in the psychological literature that specifically explores the subjective experience of people with facial cancer and facial trauma. In particular, there is a lack of attention on how this population reconstruct their internal world and make sense of their FD. Narrative analysis was used as a way of gaining an insight into the ways that these individuals reconstruct themselves and make meaning of their disfigurement. Thus, a sample size of seven individuals who had acquired a disfigurement either as a result of an accident or facial/oral cancer took part. Participants were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Findings revealed the following narrative genres: 'the outsider', 'the helpless prisoner', and 'the wounded survivor'. In the genre of 'the outsider', participants presented themselves as vulnerable and submissive protagonists who were humiliated, persecuted, and ostracised from the rest of society. The genre of 'the outsider' demonstrates how the consequences of living with a FD and of being a constant victim of social disgrace can leave a profound impact upon one's sense of self and identity. In the genre of 'the helpless prisoner' protagonists shared their stories of living a restricted life and their stories were characterised by stagnation, helplessness, and a sense of isolation. Finally, in the genre of 'the wounded survivor', protagonists portrayed their lives as a series of challenges that provided them with an opportunity for growth, acceptance, and compassion. The findings of this study are put in the context of counselling psychology and clinical implications are discussed.
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Davison, Elizabeth. "The wounded healer : clinical and counselling psychologists with experience of mental health problems." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2013. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12535/.
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This study aimed to explore how the experience of previous mental-health problems affects clinical and counselling psychologists’ approach to practice. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six clinical and four counselling psychologists who had experienced mental-health difficulties. Data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Analysis of the interviews highlighted five master themes: Use of the personal-self of psychologist; Ambivalence; Identity as a psychologist; Psychologists as agent of change; and Finding meaning in suffering. The results of this research showed that psychologists with a history of mental-health problems actively draw upon their experience. In managing their dual identity of service-user and professional, they reported a degree of ambivalence which influenced the way that they viewed themselves and their practice. Their personal experiences seemed to be closely tied up with their professional-identity, which either conflicted with their sense of self or complemented it through highlighting how fortunate they were compared to others. The interviews frequently highlighted how psychologists’ experiences can provide an impetus to speak out for patients’ rights to ensure that they are treated with respect and dignity. A number of psychologists with an experience of mental-health difficulties felt that they might not have pursued their career had they not had previous mental-health difficulties. There appeared to be mixed findings concerning whether the participants felt that their mental-health difficulties had helped or hindered their practice.
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Walne, Alison. "A synthesis of the reflective and scientific counselling psychologist practitioner : dynamics in research, practice, and clinical supervision." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/13752/.
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This study explored the empirical and theoretical evidence on the therapeutic alliance (TA) which is currently said to be the best predictor of therapeutic outcome irrespective of the therapeutic approach. Despite the fact that many TA studies have been undertaken on clients’ perspectives, therapists, and observers on behalf of clients, for over 30 years, there is still a lack of clarity and agreement on a precise TA definition. At a time when therapists face some politically-driven changes that requires evidence on practice, this means on the therapist’s part, there is an even greater need for increased understanding on what intricacies are involved in the TA, including therapists’ perspectives on how the TA is measured to support evidence. Accounts are drawn from participants from various schools of training (psychology, psychotherapy, and counselling). Collectively, these views helped in the construction of a new ‘therapist awareness therapeutic alliance scale’ tested through exploratory factor analysis (EFA). A mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology was employed. The study is discussed within the context of counselling psychology philosophy and an integrative theoretical framework on practice. Results: The TA factor structure reflected many relational elements attributed to a well known working alliance model on shared goals, tasks and an attachment bond. However, in this study, three latent factors were identified, attributed to therapists’ skills: 1) relationship-building, 2) managing the process, and 3) the relational bond. Relationship-building and managing the process featured significantly higher than the relational bond in developing and maintaining the TA, indicating the TA to be more task-related. Significant findings suggest the new measure could assist practice. Conclusion: As the driving force in therapy, the TA has implications in training (prepractice) throughout the therapeutic process, and for reflective purposes in clinical supervision regarding best practice and continued professional development (CPD). This study has shown that more emphasis is needed on therapists’ skills, in relationship building and managing how they develop and maintain the TA to protect clients, prior to, and at all points of therapy. Implications on practice are addressed and future suggestions on TA research to support practice are recommended.
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Kasnakian, Caroline. "Emotionally-laden words used by counselling and clinical psychologists to describe clients : a content analytic study." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23221.
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The present study examined the influence personological variables have on therapists' style of conceptualising a hypothetical client's presenting problem. More specifically, the effects of clinical experience (novice vs. expert) and clinical affiliation (counseling psychologist vs. clinical psychologist) on therapists' style of conceptualizing a client's presenting problem was assessed. The emotional content of the therapists' verbal behaviour during a think-aloud diagnostic task, was analyzed. The Feeling Lexicon indexing procedure was used to assess the emotional content of therapists' discourse during the diagnostic task. Eighteen clinical psychologists and eighteen counselling psychologists were selected to fulfill the criteria for having either novice or expert clinical experience. The findings indicated that: (a) counseling psychologists verbalize more words that connote an emotional content than clinical psychologists and, (b) novice therapists express higher levels of emotionality than expert therapists. Implications for training and clinical practice are discussed.
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Allt, Jackie. "A portfolio of study, practice and research including a research project entitled 'Vicarious trauma: a survey of clinical and counselling psychologists'." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298064.
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Van, der Walt Elsemarié. "Compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, burnout, and self-care among South African clinical and counselling psychologists : a cross-sectional mixed methods study." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78536.
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Psychologists are a scarce resource in South Africa, making a high rate of retention to the profession vital. In addition, psychologists carry the ethical responsibility to provide a high standard of mental health care to their clients, some of whom may be traumatised as a result of the high local crime rates. Exposure to client trauma, distress, and suffering may impact psychologists’ own wellbeing and their functioning as therapists. The concept of professional quality of life contrasts the positive (compassion satisfaction) and negative (compassion fatigue and burnout) outcomes experienced from doing therapeutic work. Self-care may play a role in mitigating the negative and enhancing the positive outcomes.
This study aimed to compare levels of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, burnout, and self-care among South African clinical and counselling psychologists with varying years of experience. Furthermore, it aimed to investigate relationships among these variables and to attain a better understanding of the interrelations through qualitative data.
This sequential explanatory mixed methods study assessed compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, burnout, and the frequency of applying self-care practices among clinical and counselling psychologists who practice in South Africa. The instruments used in the quantitative assessment were the ProQOL-21, the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, and the Self-care Assessment for Psychologists. Relationships between the assessed constructs and biographical aspects were explored and compared for early, mid and late career groups. Compassion satisfaction was negatively associated with compassion fatigue and burnout (p < .01). Significant inverse relationships were found between self-care and the negative outcomes, while compassion satisfaction was positively correlated with self-care (p < .01).
MANOVA results indicated that significant differences exist between the late and early career group in terms of compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and burnout (p < .05). Significant differences were also evident between the mid and late career groups for compassion fatigue, personal burnout and work-related burnout (p < .05).
Results from standard multiple regression analyses indicated that overall burnout, personal, work-related, and client-related burnout can significantly predict compassion fatigue.
The subsequent qualitative phase explored the experiences of two psychologists from each career stage to enhance the interpretation of the quantitative data. The three themes identified by using thematic analysis were challenges of being a psychologist, rewards of being a psychologist, and self-care facets. Participants explained facing both regulatory issues and occupational challenges such as seasonal fluctuations and administrative tasks. Other challenges related to their clients and the experience of the negative effects from their work. The rewards of being a psychologist was found to flow from therapy outcomes and their attitude towards the profession. Participants reported applying self-care within time constraints both proactively and reactively. Details of work-related self-care and personal self-care depended on individual preferences.
The professional quality of life of South African psychologists was found to be significantly influenced by a complex interaction of career stage, self-care, challenges, and rewards. Training programmes for psychologists should include awareness of the work-related and client-related challenges, recognising the experience of the negative effects, implementing self-care practices, and introductory trauma therapy training. Psychologists should also be motivated to maintain career-long self-care and support from colleagues to enable them to provide ethical care to their clients.Dissertation (MA (Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Psychology
MA (Psychology)
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Hepker, Natalie. "A qualitative investigation into the determinants of perceived stress by intern clinical/counselling psychologists in consultation with a non-fatal suicidal client." http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2355, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2355.
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Aim: This study aims to investigate the experience of stress and the factors that impact on the intern psychologist in relation to first consultation with a non-fatal suicidal client. Intra and interpersonal factors, as well as institutional/environmental factors that influence/impact on intern clinical/counselling psychologist level of stress when assessing and managing a non-fatal suicidal client were identified. Methodology: The research methodology chosen for this study is based on the aim of the study, which is to investigate the experience of stress perceived by intern clinical/counselling psychologists in relation to consultation with a non-fatal suicidal client. A qualitative methodological approach will be used in this study as it allows for greater in-depth investigation and understanding of the experiences of intern clinical/counselling psychologists towards suicidal clients than would be generated by quantitative research methods. Five intern clinical/counseling psychologists were used in this qualitative study. They were interviewed using a semi-structured in- depth interview. The data was transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings: A variety of stressors were identified by the interns, but the majority described common variables. The main sources of stress for the interns was first contact with suicidal clients and lack of practical training and experience. The working environment, which included work load, administrative work and academic and competency based requirements, was also deemed stressful. In terms of personal stress, interns reported family and friends to be a source of stress at times. Personality also contributed to the interns levels of stress. Socio-cultural factors which impacted on the interns experience of stress in relation to consultation with non-fatal suicidal clients included, language difficulties and cultural differences. Recommendations: The internship was generally described as stressful. Recommendations included more practical experience and training prior to the commencement of the internship. This will equip interns with the skills and abilities necessary in successfully assessing and managing high risk clients. Organisational and professional factors can also be modified and include support as well as an understanding of the policies and procedures of the institution in which the internship is being done.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2007.
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Van, Wyk Sherine. "Locating a counselling internship within a community setting." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49732.
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Thesis (MA) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: no abstract available
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing ondersoek die behoefte van Sielkunde as professie om meer sosiaal relevante en gepaste dienste vir al die mense van Suid-Afrika te lewer. Dit bespreek die kritiek teen tradisionele sielkunde en die dringende behoefte vir 'n meer kontekstuele benadering om the negatiewe sielkundige verskynsels in the samelewing te begryp en verklaar. Die waarde van Gemeenskapsielkunde om voorkomende, kuratiewe en bevorderende geestesgesondheidsdienste aan gemeenskappe te lewer, word ook ondersoek. Verskeie modelle van gemeenskapsielkunde en die voorgestelde integrasie van geestesgesondheidsdienste by Primere Gesondheid word bespreek. Die plasing van 'n voorligtingsielkunde internskap binne 'n gemeenskapsomgewing, naamlik, die Don en Pat Bilton Kliniek, Jamestown, word beskryf en qeevalueer.
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Hall, Amanda. "The resilient clinician : how do counselling psychologists manage their fitness to practise?" Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/2419/.
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Ndlovu, Richard Vusi. "Physicians' transmission prevention assessment and counselling practices with their HIV-positive patients." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2038.
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Parmar, Jessica. "Towards the light at the end of the tunnel : a study into the experiences of stress and coping in counselling and clinical trainees and their partners." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/618535.
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This research aimed to provide an understanding into the experiences of counselling and clinical doctoral training on trainees and their partners. It was hoped that this would increase understanding would provide support for couples impacted by the doctoral programmes in managing the changes induced and maintaining relationship satisfaction. A mixed methods design was chosen to provide an empirical view of stress, dyadic coping and relationship satisfaction of trainees. It adopted a survey design and an analysis of the processes trainees and partners experience throughout the course as a couple through using a Grounded Theory approach. In total 50 trainees in clinical and counselling psychology took part in the survey study that measured perceived stress, dyadic coping and their relationship satisfaction. Data was analysed using regression analysis to explore relationships between the three constructs. The analysis revealed similarities between clinical and counselling trainees in terms of perceived stress, coping and relationship satisfaction. Regression analysis suggested trainees’ relationship satisfaction was predicted by number of children, communication of stress, length of relationship and length of time cohabiting. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with counselling doctoral trainees and partners. The interviews were transcribed and analysed in accordance with a constructivist version of grounded theory as developed by Charmaz (2006). The grounded theory study revealed a central storyline of 'a journey towards the light at the end of the tunnel' with the social process of striving for equilibrium. This referred to the journey participants experienced whilst the trainee was on the course and highlighted a process as trainees and partners moved through as they developed and adapted to their new lives. The idea of the course being temporary was a thread through the model as participants worked through the stresses whilst focusing on the finishing line at the end of the course. Conflicts arose with participants with children who appeared to undergo a strengthened version of the model. This research provided implications for further specialised support for trainees and partners undergoing the doctoral programmes. It hoped to highlight the difficulties and strengths couples endure on the programme and provides implications for universities and personal therapists to offer systemic support for couples to manage the processes together, making the adjustment process more seamless and meaningful to the couple.
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Pack, Sylvia. "New Zealand counsellors talk about ritual abuse: A discourse analysis." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1098.
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Research indicates that in the last five decades, claims of Satanic ritual abuse (RA), and the numbers of clients receiving counselling for RA, have increased in all Western countries. This has resulted in an increased corpus of related literature overseas, which includes studies in which facticity as well as aetiology, symptomology and treatment are debated. This present study focuses on a New Zealand context, and examines the talk of New Zealand counsellors in relation to their views regarding RA and the counselling of RA clients. Social constructionist and positivist epistemologies were evaluated in terms of their suitability for this research, and the discourse analytic method developed by Potter and Wetherell (1987) chosen as the means by which participants’ talk might be analysed in such a way as to allow the inclusion of multiple constructions and the emergence of the many discourses and conflicting ideas which occur in overseas literature. A broad selection of the literature was first critically analysed to give an understanding of the topic. Nine counsellors gave interviews, eight women and one man, all Pakeha, six of whom were ACC-registered (Accident Compensation Commission, 2009). The participants constructed RA as a physical reality, which was justified by the use of the credible client discourse. A traditional linguistic repertoire furnished a discourse of government backing, which was employed to warrant voice. A moral stake in counselling, named concern for the client, was shown to be present in all arguments. The participants constructed three truths relative to context: a legal truth, the counsellor’s truth, and the client’s truth. Recovered memories were given a dual construction which legitimised correct and incorrect recall. DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) labelling was debated in a discourse of ambivalence. Finally in a discourse of preparedness, the participants constructed the therapeutic skills needed to treat RA clients. The thesis concludes by highlighting the participants’ comments regarding the need for openness and awareness, and specialised literature and training for counsellors treating RA clients.
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Hauraki, Jennifer. "A model minority?: Chinese youth and mental health services in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1876.
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The 'model minority' label given to Chinese populations in New Zealand and other Western countries have made it difficult to truly comprehend the difficulties faced by some Chinese ethnic minorities. Despite comparable rates and types of mental health problems to their European counterparts, identifiable barriers have led to Chinese ethnic minorities underutilising mental health services. The present study investigated the mental health service utilisation in native- and foreign-born Chinese youth in New Zealand, paying particular attention to barriers to service utilisation and viable solutions for these difficulties. It consisted of three individual projects and explored the views of Chinese community and mental health professionals and Chinese university students, comparing their perspectives to university students of other ethnicities. Findings showed that despite a willingness to seek help from their family and mental health professionals (e.g., psychologists, school counsellors), respondents identified a myriad of obstacles to the help seeking of Chinese youth. These included physical barriers (e.g., financial and transport constraints), personal barriers (e.g., stigma, problems accepting their difficulties), service barriers (e.g., paucity of knowledge regarding mental health problems and available services) and family barriers (e.g., obstruction from family members). Family and service barriers distinguished the difficulties faced by Chinese in comparison to European youth, particularly with regards to the adherence of professionals to stereotypes of Chinese youth, a unique finding of this study. In order to reduce such barriers, the Chinese university students and professionals advocated for greater education regarding mental health problems and services in the Chinese community, education for Chinese parents regarding adolescent issues, an increase in the number of practicing Chinese professionals that is coupled with improved cross-cultural training for non-Chinese professionals, as well as individual assessment and treatment approaches with Chinese youth and their families.Whole document restricted, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.
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Woodfield, Melanie Joslyn. "Exploring the relationship between family involvement and outcome in residential interventions for children." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/3193.
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Family participation in residential interventions for children has been reliably shown to enhance children’s adaptation to the community following discharge. This finding, however, had predominantly been observed in long-term residential programmes in North America. This thesis examines the influence of family involvement on outcome for children in a short-term residential intervention - the Children’s Health Camp, in Auckland, New Zealand. This service offers children and families, who may be experiencing social, emotional, physical and/or behavioural challenges, individualised interventions that often include a five-week residential stay. A ‘high family involvement’ condition, a community-based programme that followed a residential intervention, was compared with a ‘low family involvement’ condition (the traditional residential programme). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups on parent-report measures of child behaviour and parenting practices, although significant improvements in children’s behaviour (including emotional, social and conduct aspects) for both groups were found. Reasons for the lack of difference between the groups, and the difficulties inherent in conducting outcome research in a residential facility for children are highlighted. Other influences on outcome for children and families, such as residential staff members’ attitudes toward family involvement were also examined. The optimal conditions for successful short-term residential interventions for children are proposed.
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Raphela, Ramadimetja Elsie. "Training of health care workers in adherence counselling for comprehensive care, management and treatment clinics." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6858.
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Thesis (MPhil (Industrial Psychology. Africa Centre for HIV/AIDS Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: “Treatment failure, defaulter rate, patients lost to follow up”. These are the words usually spoken by health care workers at the CCMT clinics in the country. These are words that they try at all times to come with solutions to, without much success. Much as both the health care workers and patients know the importance of taking medication, often medication is not taken as required. Adherence is defined as the degree to which a patient follows a treatment regimen which has been designed in the context of a consultative partnership between the client and the health care worker. This obligation is comprehensive as it tends to examine all factors that can affect adherence. It includes characteristics such as the treatment regimen, the provider behaviour, social and environmental factors that may hinder adherence on the patient. There are several factors that lead to non-adherence to treatment. The factors may be classified as Biomedical, Psychological and Social factors. The major tool that can be used to address such issues is adequate training of all staff members working at the CCMT clinics. The researcher explored training needs and gaps at a CCMT site that will assist to combat problems of non-adherence to treatment. Health care works at an identified site where questioned on the level of training they have received and on what they need to improve their management of patients and adherence. It was realised that some categories of staff at the clinic do not receive training as expected and that others do not receive adequate training that will assist them in adherence counselling. Recommendations made by staff members were that training should be readily available to all staff members and that it should also be rolled out to other departments and sections within the hospital so there is continuum of care of HIV positive patients. Non adherence to antiretroviral treatment is a challenge faced by health care providers as well as patients themselves. It results in treatment failure, a decrease in the quality of life of the patient and an increase in morbidity and mobility. Non-adherence means any reason where the patient is not taking recommended doses, not sticking to the recommended time or not taking it in the recommended way.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Navolging word gedefinieer as die mate waarop die pasiënt die behandeling wat voorgeskryf is in samewerking tussen die pasiënt en die gesondheidsorgwerker, nakom. Hierdie vepligting is omvattend omdat dit geneig is om alle faktore wat die nakoming kan beinvloed, ondersoek. Dit sluit eienskappe in soos die behandeling regimen, die verskaffersgedrag, sosiale en omgewingsfaktore wat ‘n struikelblok kan wees vir die nakoming van die pasiënt. Daar is verskeie faktore wat kan lei tot nie-nakoming van behandeling. Die faktore kan geklassifiseer word as bio-mediese, sielkundige en sosiale faktore. Die belangrike instrument wat gebruik word om sulke sake aan te spreek, is voldoende opleiding van alle personeellede wat by CCMT klinieke werk. Die navorser ondersoek opvoedkundige behoeftes en leemtes by ‘n CCMT perseel, wat sal help om probleme van nie-nakoming van behandeling sal bestry. Gesondheidsorgwerkers by ‘n geïdentifiseerde perseel, was ondervra oor die vlak van opleiding wat hulle ontvang het en wat hulle nodig het vir beter bestuur van pasiënte en nakoming van behandeling deur pasiënte. Daar is gevind dat sommige kategorieë van personeel by die klinkiek nie die opleiding ontvang het wat nodig is nie en dat ander personeellede nie voldoende opleiding ontvang het wat hulle sal help met nakoming van berading nie. Personeellede het aanbeveel dat opleiding geredelik beskikbaar gemaak moet word aan alle personneel en dat dit na ander departemente en afdelings binne die hospitaal uitgebrei moet word om die voortsetting van sorg vir MIV/VIGS-positiewe pasiënte te verseker. Nie-nakoming van antiretrovirale behandeling is ‘n uitdaging vir beide gesondheidsorgwerkers en pasiënte. Dit lei tot die mislukking van behandeling, ‘n afname in die kwaliteit van die pasiënt se lewe en ‘n verhoging in morbiditeit en mobiliteit.
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Mace, Janet-Lee. "An inquiry into the meaning of Guillain-Barré syndrome : a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts." Massey University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1180.
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Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune syndrome characterized by a severe and rapid onset of paralysis that ascends without warning. It has an unknown aetiology and is generally unknown by most people, including medical professionals. When a person who has had GBS is asked to speak about their experience, they are likely to talk about aspects of it that are personally meaningful. Their account can be likened to a story in that it collates seemingly unconnected facts, episodes of activity and emotional attributions into a sequence that provides knowledge and understanding. A story is a powerful form for expressing suffering and experiences and so is particularly suitable for the study of trauma and illness. The actual process of creating the story, plus its presentational and organisational forms, provides sources for uncovering the identities authors choose to create and present of themselves. Six people who have had GBS were interviewed about their experience, and their stories were analysed using a narrative inquiry to discern the meanings attributed to GBS from the participants’ own understandings and perspectives. The intended focus of the research was holistic and content based. The result of the narrative inquiry was a plot common to all six narratives. Namely, GBS is an inexplicable condition, during which horrendous things happen, but people do recover with time and it is likely their life view will be changed in the process. Four fundamental issues, identity, meaning, making sense and meaningfulness were drawn from the stories and configured into a narrative of the researcher’s making. What the participants chose to speak about became the meanings, or themes, major and minor, of their stories. No event has meaning in itself, however traumatic events can precipitate crises of meaning. When these crises are viewed within the context of other events, and are perceived to add value to life, then they have meaningfulness. In the telling of meanings and meaningfulness, the purpose for storying and the audience to whom the story is directed are the criteria for which the storylines are chosen. Both the story and the storying provide opportunities for the authors to create and offer images of themselves, that are then open to interpretation by an audience. As a traumatic experience, GBS enabled six people to tell their stories. In doing so they were able to make sense of important issues for themselves, and re-examine the way they saw themselves and the world.
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Haarhoff, Beverly Ann. ""The map, the navigator, and the explorer": evaluating the content and quality of CBT case conceptualization and the role of self-practice/self-reflection as a training intervention : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1077.
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Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) leads the way as an evidenced based psychotherapy, and the evaluation of CBT training programs is increasingly seen as important if this position is to be maintained. In this dissertation, CBT case conceptualization, as a core psychotherapeutic competency, acquired in training, is evaluated. Case conceptualization, integrates precipitating, predisposing, maintaining, and protective factors, functioning as an explanatory and prescriptive roadmap for therapy. Gaining self-knowledge through exposure to some form of personal therapy is cited as important in gaining psychotherapeutic competency. Self-practice/ self-reflection, show promise as a form of personal therapy compatible with the principles of CBT. This study evaluates the content and quality of CBT case conceptualizations produced by a sample of 26 participants who have completed the Massey University Post Graduate Diploma, using three case conceptualization rating scales. In addition, the impact of a self-practice/self-reflection manualised training intervention designed to improve the quality of case conceptualization in trainee cognitive behaviour therapists, is explored using thematic analysis. The evaluation of the CBT conceptualizations showed predisposing factors and psychological mechanisms as receiving the most attention from participants. However, the majority of participants failed to pay attention to socio-cultural, biological, protective factors and factors pertaining to the therapeutic relationship. The majority of the participants were able to produce a 'good enough' CBT case conceptualization, however the ‘problem list’ was not well developed, and the conceptually relevant aspects of the therapeutic relationship and protective factors were given less attention. The effect of a self-practice/self-reflection training intervention on the quality of CBT case conceptualizations produced by the intervention group (n = 16) drawn from the main participant sample, was qualitatively evaluated using thematic analysis. Theoretical understanding of the model, self awareness, empathy, conceptualization of the therapeutic relationship, adaptation of clinical interventions, and clinical practice were all subjectively perceived by participants to have increased as a result of the intervention. An inferential analysis compared the performance of the intervention group (n=16) that of a comparison group (n=10), made up of the remainder of the larger sample described in the context of the first question. The comparison group had not been exposed to the manualised intervention. The comparison was both within, and between the two groups. The quality of the intervention group showed an improvement on one of the rating scales, indicating a possible link between the training intervention and case conceptualization competency, however, the improvement was not replicated by the other two rating scales. The findings are discussed in the context of improving CBT training with regard to case conceptualization.
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Andrae, Daniela. ""Diabetes? I can live with it" : a qualitative evaluation of a diabetes self-management programme : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1199.
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Self-management programmes provide one form of education for people with diabetes. Evaluations of these programmes allow for a better understanding in regard to their impact and whether outcomes are met. Very little research has used qualitative methods to capture participants’ experiences of these programmes and their perception of psychological outcomes. This is the first qualitative evaluation of the Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Programme in Whangarei. It has adopted an interpretative-phenomenological approach to explore participants’ experiences of the programme and participants’ perceptions in regard to their self-efficacy and quality of life after attending a course. A sample of 7 participants with diabetes provided data via interviews 4 weeks and 3 months after attending the course. The themes that emerged from the initial interview were separated into three evaluation components. In “6 weeks sounded very long but it was worth the time”, participants discussed enrolment, benefits of the course and suggestions for future participants. In “I know what I need to do and I’m confident to do it”, participants linked the gained knowledge from the course to improvements in their self-efficacy regarding self-management behaviours, education and control of own life. In “Life is good, diabetes is just another thing to handle”, participants reflected on the impact of living with diabetes and changes to their life. An overarching theme of settling into a comfortable routine emerged from the follow-up interview. Participants reflected positively on their course and research participation. The programme was perceived to be beneficial to participants, impacting positively on increasing knowledge, self-efficacy development, behaviour changes and quality of life. The participants maintained these benefits in the short-term. These results are discussed in terms of the need for further research to evaluate if benefits are maintained in the long-term, referral process to the programme, decision-making process in regard to enrolment and impact of a support person attending the programme. Practice implications for the programme are discussed in regard to incorporating a follow-up phone call to participants after they attended a course and offering follow-up sessions with the latest information on diabetes care.
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Moraes, Cristiane Vaz de. "A prática do desenvolvimento humano em empresas : uma (re)significação do coaching pela atenção ao cuidar de ser." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-03032008-173417/.
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O presente estudo percorre questões que envolvem o homem no trabalho: práticas de desenvolvimento humano em Recursos Humanos, Gestão de Pessoas e Psicologia. Aponta para a necessidade de pesquisar aqueles que se submetem ao coaching, o que foi possibilitado por narrativas de executivos em situação de internacionalização de suas carreiras, permitindo pensar coaching no âmbito da globalização atual. Lança luzes, ainda a compreender a prática do coaching através da experiência do ser humano/trabalhador, pelas percepções reveladas pelos próprios executivos durante entrevistas de coaching com eles realizadas. Interessa poder resgatá-la como um meio pelo qual os executivo/trabalhadores possam estar encontrando modos outros de ação ao nível gerencial. Nessa direção, estaria sendo proposta uma leitura de coaching numa perspectiva fenomenológica existencial. Ao buscar a historicidade do coaching, via etimologia, aflorou-se a necessidade de direcionar o coaching para dirigir-se como cuidado ao trabalhador, considerado factível via Psicologia Social Clínica. Pela análise das narrativas foi possível compreender o coaching como prática psicológica, via Aconselhamento, possibilitando aos trabalhadores ressignificar sua experiência no trabalho, percebendo-se humanos afetados, contextualizados e demandantes por atenção e cuidado, para dirigem-se ao desenvolvimento profissional e coletivo em organizações. Assim, coaching se apresentaria como facilitação para o sujeito social repensar sua carreira, autorizando-se a encontrar sentido ao projeto profissional por demanda própria e não da organização ou empresa: uma prática para gestão de carreira mais eticamente orientada.The present study deals with questions concerning the man in his work: human development practice in Human Resources, Management of Persons and Psychology. It points to a need to research how coaching is perceived by those who were submitted to it during a situation for internationalizations of their careers at the globalization world. Executives\' narratives allowed thinking coaching as a practice through the human worker\'s experience. Executives\' perceptions were revealed during coaching interviews and process realized with them. The purpose is to re-signify it as a means by which the executives/workers may find other ways for management actions. It is proposed other comprehension for coaching, base on a phenomenological existential perspective. By etymologically re-visiting the historicity of coaching, it appeared to direct coaching practice as care toward the worker, factitive through the Social Clinical Psychology. The narrative analysis allows to comprehend coaching as a Counseling Psychology practice, by which the workers could re-signify their experience at work. Perceived as affected human beings, contextualized and demanding for attention and care, they may direct themselves to a professional and collective development in organizations. Thus, coaching would present itself as facilitation for the social subject to reflect about his careers, authorizing himself to find a sense for his professional project by his proper demand and not by the organization: a more ethical oriented practice for career management.
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Moxon, Alicia M. "The effectiveness of a brief psychoeducational intervention for people with schizophrenia and their families : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1143.
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In an attempt to replicate and extend previous research, the present study conducted a brief psychoeducational intervention through community organisations designed to overcome methodological shortcomings of past studies. The two session intervention (one session with follow-up phone call) sought to establish if a brief community intervention was effective in both improving family members’ knowledge about schizophrenia and various other indicators linked to improved client functioning. People with schizophrenia and their family members (N = 50) were recruited into a controlled trial of a brief educational intervention. Clients and their corresponding key family members were randomly allocated to a treatment group or a wait-list control group. Measures included those reflecting knowledge about schizophrenia, expressed emotion, perceived coping ability, burden of care and distress. Analyses showed that knowledge increased significantly after the intervention and not after the control condition and was maintained at a nine-month follow-up. Family members’ and clients’ expressed emotion ratings significantly decreased from pre- to post-test with changes in total expressed emotion scores improving across treatment by over twice the magnitude compared to the control condition. All gains were maintained at the nine-month follow-up, with continuing improvement seen in family members’ intrusiveness ratings. A similar pattern of findings was reflected on other indices, with significant improvements in burden of care, coping and distress that were more a function of intervention than the control condition. All gains were maintained at the nine-month follow-up. Additionally, assessment of relapse rates at this follow-up interval indicated that no client had relapsed. Overall the results suggested that although knowledge increased as a result of education, the improvements in all indicators other than knowledge appeared to be due to education combined with some non-specific factors. These non-specific factors may have included expectancy effects, setting effects, sampling bias and other possibilities. These issues are considered in terms of implementation of brief programs in supportive community settings and in terms of future research.
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Rifshana, Fathimath. "Outcome evaluation of the Massey University Concussion Clinic: a pilot study : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Psychology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1165.
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The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention provided by Massey University Concussion Clinic for individuals following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI). Concussion Clinics were set up across New Zealand to provide early intervention and assessment for individuals with MTBI to prevent long term complaints. Treatment outcomes at these clinics have not been empirically examined before. The current study compared the levels of post concussion symptoms, anxiety, depression, and psychosocial functioning between an intervention and a control group using a quasi-experimental design. In addition, reasons for nonattendance to the clinic, and participants’ perceptions of their recovery were also explored. The main outcome measures used were the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale-2. Outcomes were initially assessed soon after injury or referral to the clinic and then three months later. Participants were recruited from the Palmerston North Hospital Emergency Department and the Massey University Concussion Clinic. With 20 participants in the intervention group and 15 in the control group, the main results showed that the Concussion Clinic intervention significantly decreased the level of anxiety and depression reported by participants in the intervention group over the control group. Greater improvements in post concussion symptoms and psychosocial functioning were also indicated in the intervention group. Additional findings suggest difficulty with transportation as a reason for nonattendance, which could be a potential barrier to recovery. Furthermore, participants highlighted the benefits of attending the service and its role in their recovery. Important issues relating to the referral processes were also identified. Findings of the current study suggest that the Concussion Clinic intervention is effective in improving recovery for those accessing the service. Nevertheless, these results must be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size. Further research is warranted to examine the effectiveness of the Concussion Clinics with larger samples, and the current study may serve as a valuable pilot for these future investigations.
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Selepe-Madima, Molago Cathrine. "Grief counselling : community intervention practices." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/870.
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Submitted to the Faculty of Arts in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Community Psychology) in the Department of Psychology at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2000.Loss through death is an inevitable part of life. Not only does it separate families from their loved ones; it also threatens community cohesion and solidarity. In most cultures, the painful road from loss to healing concerns not only the immediate family, but the community at large. In other words, grief is a shared experience. The disposal of the dead and the accompanying mourning rituals are a social, if not a public affair. Though it is never solicited, support subsequent to bereavement is expected from friends, relatives, and the community at large. This is well expressed in the Zulu poetic saying, "umuntu umuntu nga bantu/" (broadly translated as ''Only through you do I become"). Community psychology as a discipline cannot afford to give casual attention to alternative support services offered in communities, including, grief counselling. This study therefore explores community intervention practices in grief counselling. The research seeks to clarify the experiences of people who experience grief with the objective of understanding how they are supported. Grief counselling, as practised in communities in this study, has been found to be an informed process. It takes the bereaved step-by-step from the initial stage of informing them about the death, through the shock and denial and ushers them into the awareness of loss phase. Burial ceremonies accentuate the departure of the deceased from among the living, while they also offer solace, support and solidarity to the bereaved as they are confronted with the reality of death. Not much was found to be done in terms of post-burial support except for the purification rites and traditional inquests with healers and prophets. Of the ten participants that were interviewed, eight attributed the death of their loved ones to bewitchment. The wearing of mourning clothes marked the transitional period and facilitated for the withdrawal of the bereaved for purposes of their healing over time. This transitional period culminated into the re¬incorporation celebration. This progression has, as delineated above, been recommended to form guidelines for the development of a psycho-educational grief counselling programme in order to recycle resources.
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Chidzonga, Rumbidzai. "The perception of clergy of their role in counselling parishioners for emotional and psychological difficulties." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8303.
Full textAbstract:
Professional counselling is scarcely available and hardly affordable for the vast majority of the South African society. However, clergy could be a source of help available for those who may not afford treatment expenses for consulting psychologists and psychiatrists. This study looked at the role that clergy working in pastoral situations in a mainline church in the province of KwaZulu-Natal play in the provision of mental health. A questionnaire survey was distributed to 52 licensed clergy investigating the types of problems presented to clergy, how clergy respond to their parishioners’ emotional and psychological problems, and how confident and how competent they feel in dealing with the problems presented to them. It investigated factors that enhance and hinder the helping process. To analyze and interpret the data, a series of statistical procedures were run using Statistical Package for Social Sciences and qualitative content analysis. Findings indicated that a wide variety of emotional and psychological problems were presented to clergy, including bereavement, alcohol or substance abuse, marital conflict, divorce and relationship problems. Clergy had a very positive attitude towards their role in counselling, and its importance in their ministry; however, the training of clergy has been considered insufficient to meet the needs of parishioners with emotional and psychological problems. Clergy reported a high level of perceived self-efficacy that seemed inconsistent with the training clergy have in emotional and psychological difficulties. Clergy tended to refer more severe psychological difficulties to either government, Non-Governmental Organisations or Faith-Based Organisations for specialised intervention. No formal support was reported to be available to clergy who engage in counselling although a large proportion of clergy mentioned getting support from fellow priests. The discussion of findings is focussed on empowering clergy to continue providing counselling for common emotional and psychological difficulties for their parishioners. Clergy may be a valuable resource in promoting mental health of their community members.Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2011.
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Dlamini, Sipho Solomon. "(Re)centring Africa in the training of counselling and clinical psychologists." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27614.
Full textAbstract:
The mimicry of Europe and United States of America (US) in South African psychology in the early 1900s and the continual presence of Euroamericanised psychology continues to marginalise Black, poor, and working-class people. In this dissertation, I investigated the misalignment of counselling and clinical psychologists’ professional training, specifically the first-year Masters psychology training programme with the South African socio-political context. To counter the usual reliance on hegemonic Euroamerican-centric approaches I elaborated on an Africa(n)-centred perspective so as to make sense of the training of counselling and clinical psychologists in the South African context. I argued that the Africa(n)-centred perspective was pluriversal (accepting of multiple epistemologies), endogenous (developing from within), and focuses on Africans not as the excluded Other but rather as the Subject at the centre of their lifeworlds. I elucidated curriculum practices within the professional training programmes as part of the investigation into the intransigence of Euroamerican-centric epistemologies in the professional training curriculum. I conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 23 people, 8 of whom were course coordinators and 15 intern psychologists. The participants were from 5 universities falling into the 4 generic categories: Historically Black University (HBU), Historically White Afrikaans-speaking University (HWASU), merged university (MU), and Historically White English-speaking University (HWESU). For my analysis, I employed what I termed an Africa(n)-centred critical discourse analysis, which builds on the discursive turn in psychology, taking seriously the talk of people in the reproduction of socially unjust practices. All the interviews with the course coordinators and intern psychologists were dominated by talk of race and the Professional Board for Psychology. The interviews yielded a number of discourses, namely: 1) meritocracy, 2) diversity (which referenced issues of race, gender, and curriculum), 3) access, exclusion and privilege as related to language, 4) class, and 5) relevance (including social, market, and cultural relevance, with cultural relevance spoken about in relation to the curriculum). I conclude the dissertation by gesturing towards a constructive engagement (by which I mean a building) of an Africa(n)-centred professional training of counselling and clinical psychologists.Psychology
Ph. D. (Psychology)
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Diamond, Shaindl Lin. "Towards an examination of theory and method in diversity education in clinical and counselling psychology programmes." 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=362305&T=F.
Full text
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Lee, Rosalind Jean. "Religious and spiritual issues in clinical and counselling psychology masters training programmes in South African universities : an exploratory study." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9046.
Full textAbstract:
Religion and spirituality are universal concepts which provide significant platforms of
meaning for many people (Pargament, 1999). However, traditional psychology
training programs have typically omitted these issues (Brawer, Handal, Fabricatore,
Roberts and Wadja-Johnston, 2002; Shafranske, 2001), thus neglecting an important
dimension of human experience. The present study involved sending a survey
questionnaire to all lecturers, coordinators and directors involved in psychology
masters programmes within South Africa. This study explores the extent to which
religious and spiritual issues are currently included in masters programmes, the
perceptions of those involved regarding religious and spiritual issues, and possible
ways of integrating these issues within the existing program. Within an integrative
framework, results are analysed descriptively, using content analysis for the
qualitative responses. Current inclusion of religious and spiritual issues within
psychology training programs is varied between modules and universities, and the
perceptions of those involved regarding inclusion is ambivalently in favour.
Integrating religious and spiritual issues into existing modules is generally favoured.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2007.
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(9840164), Hannah Thorne. "Gambling, alcohol consumption and extended wakefulness: A losing combination?" Thesis, 2022. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Gambling_alcohol_consumption_and_extended_wakefulness_A_losing_combination_/19972478.
Full textAbstract:
Harm from gambling may be exacerbated by physiological factors. Two such factors present in the current gambling environment are periods of extended wakefulness due to late evening patronage of gambling venues, and alcohol consumption, due to venues which offer gambling products also often encouraging the consumption of alcohol. Previous research has found that alcohol can influence gambling behaviour in several ways, such as increasing risk taking (Cronce & Corbin, 2010; Deans et al., 2016) and gambling session length (Baron & Dickerson, 1999; Ellery et al., 2005). However, little research has investigated how extended wakefulness impacts on gambling choices. There is also little evidence as to whether gambling might lead to sleep problems and, if so, how this relationship interacts with alcohol consumption. This thesis used three diverse methodologies to understand the relationship between gambling and sleep, and whether alcohol consumption was also implicated in this relationship.
We found a positive relationship between gambling consumption and sleep problems. However, it is likely that this is due to individual differences in the propensity to engage in unhealthy behaviours, rather than a causal relationship between extended wakefulness and gambling intensity. Alcohol was also shown to be associated with increased gambling consumption, gambling problems, lesser overnight sleep duration, poor quality sleep and insomnia, all components of an unhealthy lifestyle.
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Keenan, Denise. "Rescuing the rescuer: early psychological intervention for firefighters following exposure to potentially traumatic line-of-duty events." 2008. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/43092.
Full textAbstract:
Investigation of assistance Australian firefighters want to assist recovery following exposure to traumatic stressors. Results demonstrated firefighters want to exercise control in how they recover, employing personal choice regarding information, sources and forms of support they use. Interventions provided to operational firefighters within five Australian fire service agencies were documented.
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Love, Catherine Maarie Amohia. "Maori voices in the construction of indigenous models of counselling theory and practice : a thesis completed in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology at Massey University." 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1682.
Full textAbstract:
Irregular pagination: Page numbers 572 to 582 & 755 missing, 754 is not numberedThis thesis explores the stories of four Maori counsellors who are employed in Western style organisations. Two 'readings' of participants' narratives are provided. The 'readings' are constructed from two distinct discursive frames, identified as ENGLISH-Maori and MAORI-English. It is proposed that participants' conceptions of self and other are constructed through narratives based in a MAORI-English discursive frame, and that their models of counselling are developed within this discursive frame. It is further proposed that meanings made within this discursive frame are not readily available to 'others' whose constructions of self and other are based in an ENGLISH-Maori or Western discursive frame. This mismatch leads to misunderstandings which impact negatively on the credibility and status of Maori counsellors and Maori models of counselling when viewed from the perspective of Western models of counselling theory, practice and organisation. It is also posited in this thesis that a form of 'sub-textual' communication exists within which Maori meanings are made and conveyed in the English language
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(9755867), Zachary T. Whitt. "Mapping Recovery: A Qualitative Node Map Approach to Understanding Factors Proximal to Relapse Among Adolescents in Recovery." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textAbstract:
Despite data suggesting that current substance use disorder treatments are largely effective in reducing substance use, most adolescents in SUD treatment experience relapse after finishing treatment. Understanding the factors proximal to relapse is crucial to understanding the course of substance use disorder and how best to improve recovery among adolescents. The current study represents part of a novel line of research using qualitative data analysis to examine these factors. Data for the present study were 200 de-identified node-maps, completed by high school students at Hope Academy, a recovery high school in Indianapolis, Indiana. The reported age in this sample ranged from 14-20 years (64.1% male, 89.1% White), with a mean age of 16.8 years (SD = 1.9 years). After a four-phase process of qualitative data sorting, primary people, places, and things most frequently described included using with others (n=153, 76.5%), away from home (n=156, 78.0%), and in response to negative affect (n=93, 48.4%). Eleven relapse pathways emerged: escaping (n=16), self-medicating (n=3), coping with tragedy (n=5), critical mass (n=6), unexpected activation (n=8), unexpected offer (n=22), planned use (n=19), resistant to recovery (n=5), not in recovery (n=22), passive agency (n=30), and acting out (n=15). Recovery is a system made up of many interrelated parts, including those related to the individual person in recovery, their thoughts, beliefs, feelings, and emotions; and those related to external factors, their environment, adverse life events, and the actions of other people. By considering the pathways together for their common features, they can each be said to represent one of three critical failures related to those three overarching facets of the system: failure to cope, failure to guard against temptation, and failure of belief. Identifying these overarching failures in the system is helpful because the failures contain in themselves the seeds of their solution, so by examining them as critical components to a relapse event, it may be possible to gain insight into how to prevent the same type of relapses from occurring in the future.
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(7861526), Danielle Bowman Tometich. "A PROSPECTIVE EXAMINATION OF CHANGE IN EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN OLDER BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textAbstract:
Only one third of older
breast cancer survivors (BCS) meet national physical activity (PA)
guidelines. Theories of self-regulation
and research with older adults suggest that executive function (EF) plays an
important role in PA, yet the impact of lower EF on older survivors’ PA is
unknown. My project addressed this gap
using secondary data from the Thinking and Living with Cancer (TLC) cohort
study, which examined cognitive function among older BCS pre-treatment,
followed every 12 months, and contemporaneously assessed matched controls. My first aim was to test two hypotheses
regarding EF change and PA and determine if these relationships differ between
BCS and controls. My hypotheses were: 1)
EF decline from baseline to 12 months will predict lower PA at 24 months, and
2) lower PA at 12 months will predict EF decline from 12 to 24 months. My second aim was to explore whether the
effects of EF change on PA in BCS differed based on risk factors for
accelerated cognitive decline (i.e., older age, more advanced cancer stage,
comorbidity, and APOE ε4 genotype).
The TLC study measured EF with neuropsychological tests and PA with the
International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. For aims 1 and 2, I used multiple regression
with multiple imputation. Primary
results showed no significant effect of EF change from baseline to 12 months on
PA at 24 months (β=-0.01, p=0.88) and no significant group (BCS vs. controls)
by EF interaction (β=-0.05, p=0.33).
Separate models in BCS and controls showed similar findings. In the entire sample, PA at 12 months
significantly predicted EF change from 12 to 24 months (β=0.17, p=0.01), but
there was no significant group by PA interaction (β=-0.06, p=0.54). Separate analyses by group found a
significant effect of PA for controls (β=0.07, p=0.02), but not for BCS
(β=0.05, p=0.27). Regarding the second
aim, there were no significant interactions between EF change and the proposed
risk factors on PA. Findings were
largely inconsistent with theory and prior research. Continued research in this area will inform
future exercise interventions to improve physical and cognitive health for the
growing population of older cancer survivors.
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(11191980), Brittany J. Wright. "Training Health Service Psychologists for International Engagement: Perspectives for Training Programs." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textAbstract:
As psychologists continue to engage the growing diversity within the United States and around the world, there is an imperative need for psychological services that are specific to cultural needs and integrate relevant sociohistorical and community factors. Currently, ethnocentrism in psychological interventions, research, and graduate training limit psychologists’ international engagement and perpetuate a focus on U.S. psychology. For graduate programs in health service psychology (i.e., clinical, school, and counseling psychology), there is a dearth of literature on their methods of preparation of health service professionals engaging in psychological work outside of the U.S. However, graduate training programs have opportunities to intervene on the field’s colonialism by preparing professionals to effectively engage internationally. Addressing ethnocentrism in training is a critical next step for the field of health service psychology.
This dissertation is comprised of two distinct chapters that are conceptually related. In the first chapter, I review health service psychology’s current international engagement. As psychologists engage outside of the United States, the field of psychology and the training community must critically examine the applicability of psychological interventions, research, and graduate education to international contexts. I propose six recommendations for training programs to deconstruct colonialism and enhance preparation of graduates for competent work outside of the U.S.
In the second chapter, I report an original, empirical study, using qualitative descriptive methodology, which critically examines how U.S. training prepares graduates to work internationally. Through semi-structured interviews, I explored internationally based psychologists’ reflections on their training experiences and preparation for their current roles in teaching, practice, research, consultation and policy, and psychological infrastructure. Data analysis utilized consensual qualitative research methodology (CQR). Results provided valuable information regarding psychologists’ professional roles outside of the U.S., factors contributing to their vocational experiences, country-specific mental health attitudes, values, and practices, the impact of U.S.-centric psychology in the country of location, lessons taken from their graduate training, and recommendations for international work. Findings provided recommendations to the training community to incorporate more of an international focus and enhance preparation of students for work outside of the U.S.
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(11763902), Huiyi Eve Tam. "Feasibility and effects of an integrative cognitive behavioural and mindfulness intervention (I-CBTM) and a feedback-informed treatment (FIT) approach for adolescent anxiety." Thesis, 2019. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Feasibility_and_effects_of_an_integrative_cognitive_behavioural_and_mindfulness_intervention_I-CBTM_and_a_feedback-informed_treatment_FIT_approach_for_adolescent_anxiety/17089331.
Full textAbstract:
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is recognised as a first-line psychotherapeutic treatment for adolescent anxiety. However, many adolescents continue to suffer from the condition even after completing CBT. The current research attempted to enhance the existing treatment through two approaches: (1) the incorporation of mindfulness techniques into the CBT, to offer coping strategy choices, and (2) the inclusion of a feedback-informed treatment (FIT) approach, to enhance adolescent engagement in treatment. In this research, an individual, integrative CBT-mindfulness intervention (I-CBTM) with/without a FIT approach was developed for 12- to 19-year-olds with anxiety, and subsequently implemented and evaluated in natural settings. A pilot-testing and a subsequent larger-scale main trial were conducted to investigate the feasibility of the intervention program alongside the feedback effect. Data were mainly collected from therapists and adolescent participants at pre-, mid- and post-treatment and 3, 6 and 12 months post-treatment; session-by-session symptom tracking was also included. The overall findings showed that the I-CBTM with/without the FIT was acceptable and effective for the adolescents, largely producing early treatment progress and statistically significant, reliable and durable outcomes. The feedback effect was not statistically significant, though a meta-analysis, which was conducted as part of this research, found a small effect size for FIT approaches (Tam & Ronan, 2017). Whilst still in its infancy, the present integrative intervention model for adolescent anxiety offers innovative opportunities for development in practice and research. Future rigorous, in-depth, large-scale trials are required to further refine this model, ultimately offering an effective, appealing and accessible intervention for this population.
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Malur, Malini. "Experiencing natural environments, experiencing health : a health psychology perspective : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Health Psychology, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1655.
Full textAbstract:
This aim of this study was to explore the importance of natural surroundings to human health from a health psychology perspective. The increase in built environments have replaced green spaces in the urban areas and the effects of this has been explored by several disciplines ranging from environmental psychology, leisure studies, urban planning, public health to name a few. Findings from these studies have shown that natural environments do play a significant role in human health. However, it was deemed that exploring the influence of nature on human health from a health psychology viewpoint would provide a different dimension to this established link between nature and humans to press for preserving and providing more green spaces in the cities. Urban green areas offer several benefits such as space for exercise, leisure, psychological space for rejuvenating, healing and social connections that are all crucial for our wellbeing. This study explores the many ways natural settings contribute to health and well-being from a health psychology angle. A qualitative design was employed using a phenomenological approach to understand the everyday experience of being in nature/natural environments. Cornwall Park/One Tree Hill in Auckland was chosen as the site for this study. Nine women and men between the ages of 30 and 70 were chosen from this site to take part in the study. Methods of data collection were mainly in-depth interviews and photo-discussion. The data was analysed using a phenomenological approach based on the guidelines developed by Moustakas (1994) and van Manen (1990). The findings revealed that natural surroundings influenced people positively in many ways that contributed to their physical, mental and spiritual well-being. Natural environments satisfied a wide-range of needs, such as providing a place/space to exercise, to be alone and reflect, connect with nature, recreate, heal and socialise to name a few, in green, quiet, pollution-free, aesthetically pleasing settings. The essence of the phenomenon that is estimated to have been captured in the study is, “human experience in nature from the point of view of health psychology, or human experience of wellness, being in nature”.
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Harris, Mary. "A hermeneutic investigation of the influences on and perceptions of breastfeeding and mother-child bonding from the perspectives of survivors of child abuse." 2008. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/unisa:38417.
Full textAbstract:
This research investigated an issue that has implications for early breastfeeding cessation and impaired mother-child bonding. It focused on child abuse survivors' perceptions and reactions surrounding breastfeeding and bonding, the necessity of trust before disclosing abuse, and the transition to self-efficacy. It also provided recommendations for health professionals' practice.
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(6270590), Samantha A. Morel. "Exploring a career path towards well-being: How parental behaviors, career values awareness, and career decision-making self-efficacy impact well-being in undergraduate college students." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textAbstract:
While there is evidence about the relationship between career development and psychological outcomes, more work is needed to understand how career development is related to personal mental health outcomes in college students. Studying some of the social and cognitive predictors of self-efficacy, this study espouses a holistic perspective to career development and aims to better understand its impact on well-being. Using social cognitive career theory (SCCT) and Super's life-span, life-space theory, this study examines how social (e.g., parental support) and cognitive (e.g., career values awareness) factors influence career decision-making self-efficacy, and furthermore, how this impacts well-being in undergraduate students. Specific mediation hypotheses were assessed, including the mediating role of career values awareness in the relationship between parental support and career decision-making self-efficacy, and the mediating effect of career-decision-making self-efficacy on well-being. Data were collected from 1446 undergraduate students at a large Midwestern public land-grant university through an online survey. Using structural equation modeling to analyze the data, results indicated that: (a) career values awareness mediated the relationship between parental behaviors and CDMSE; (b) CDMSE mediated the relationship between parental behaviors and well-being; and (c) CDMSE mediated the relationship between career values awareness and well-being. In an alternative model, parental support and socioeconomic status (SES) were also found to be significant positive predictors of well-being. Post hoc analysis revealed that academic standing (i.e., year in school) did not moderate the relationship between CDMSE and well-being. Limitations of the study and recommendations for future research are suggested along with implications for clinical practice.
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(8774147), Ellen Frances Krueger. "Development of a Patient Centered Outcomes Questionnaire for Advanced Lung Cancer Patients." Thesis, 2020.
Find full textAbstract:
Symptom research with advanced lung cancer patients
has primarily focused on symptom severity, frequency, and distress; yet, little
is known about advanced lung cancer patients’ priorities and success criteria
for symptom improvement. To address
these gaps in the literature, this study examined these outcomes using a
modified Patient Centered Outcomes Questionnaire (PCOQ), which has largely been
used with adults with chronic pain.
Advanced lung cancer patients (N
= 102) were recruited from the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center to participate
in a one-time self-report survey, including demographic and medical
questionnaires, symptom treatment history, standardized measures of symptom
severity and quality of life, and the modified PCOQ focused on eight common
symptoms in advanced lung cancer. Cancer
information was collected from medical records.
My primary aim was to evaluate the construct validity of the PCOQ. As hypothesized, symptom severity ratings on
the PCOQ were positively correlated with standardized assessments of the same
symptoms as well as functional status.
Greater severity of most symptoms on the PCOQ was also correlated with
worse quality of life, and greater severity of four symptoms was correlated
with having more medical comorbidities. Positive,
moderate correlations were found between the severity and importance of seeing
improvement in cough, fatigue, sleep problems, and pain on the PCOQ. Patients considered low levels of symptom
severity to be acceptable following symptom treatment; no differences were found
across the eight symptoms. Latent
profile analysis identified four patient subgroups based on the importance of
seeing improvement in each of the symptoms: (1) those who rated all symptoms as
low in importance (n = 12); (2) those who rated bronchial symptoms and
sleep problems as low in importance and all other symptoms as moderately
important (n = 29); (3) those who rated nausea and emotional distress as
low in importance and all other symptoms as moderately important (n =
23); and (4) those who rated all symptoms as highly important (n = 33). These subgroups were unrelated to demographic
and clinical factors, except for functional status. Findings suggest that symptom severity and
importance are related yet distinct aspects of the advanced lung cancer symptom
experience. Furthermore, patients have
heterogeneous priorities for symptom management, which has implications for
tailoring treatment.