Relevant bibliographies by topics / Climatic resilience

Academic literature on the topic 'Climatic resilience'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Climatic resilience"

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Magruder, Matthew, Sophan Chhin, Brian Palik, and John B. Bradford. "Thinning increases climatic resilience of red pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 43, no. 9 (September 2013): 878–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0088.

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Forest management techniques such as intermediate stand-tending practices (e.g., thinning) can promote climatic resiliency in forest stands by moderating tree competition. Residual trees gain increased access to environmental resources (i.e., soil moisture, light), which in turn has the potential to buffer trees from stressful climatic conditions. The influences of climate (temperature and precipitation) and forest management (thinning method and intensity) on the productivity of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) in Michigan were examined to assess whether repeated thinning treatments were able to increase climatic resiliency (i.e., maintaining productivity and reduced sensitivity to climatic stress). The cumulative productivity of each thinning treatment was determined, and it was found that thinning from below to a residual basal area of 14 m2·ha−1 produced the largest average tree size but also the second lowest overall biomass per acre. On the other hand, the uncut control and the thinning from above to a residual basal area of 28 m2·ha−1 produced the smallest average tree size but also the greatest overall biomass per acre. Dendrochronological methods were used to quantify sensitivity of annual radial growth to monthly and seasonal climatic factors for each thinning treatment type. Climatic sensitivity was influenced by thinning method (i.e., thinning from below decreased sensitivity to climatic stress more than thinning from above) and by thinning intensity (i.e., more intense thinning led to a lower climatic sensitivity). Overall, thinning from below to a residual basal area of 21 m2·ha−1 represented a potentially beneficial compromise to maximize tree size, biomass per acre, and reduced sensitivity to climatic stress, and, thus, the highest level of climatic resilience.
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Abu Shoaib, Syed, Muhammad Muhitur Rahman, Faisal I. Shalabi, Ammar Fayez Alshayeb, and Ziad Nayef Shatnawi. "Climate Resilience and Environmental Sustainability: How to Integrate Dynamic Dimensions of Water Security Modeling." Agriculture 12, no. 2 (February 21, 2022): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12020303.

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Considering hydro-climatic diversity, integrating dynamic dimensions of water security modeling is vital for ensuring environmental sustainability and its associated full range of climate resilience. Improving climate resiliency depends on the attributing uncertainty mechanism. In this study, a conceptual resilience model is presented with the consideration of input uncertainty. The impact of input uncertainty is analyzed through a multi-model hydrological framework. A multi-model hydrological framework is attributed to a possible scenario to help apply it in a decision-making process. This study attributes water security modeling with the considerations of sustainability and climate resilience using a high-speed computer and Internet system. Then, a subsequent key point of this investigation is accounting for water security modeling to ensure food security and model development scenarios. In this context, a four-dimensional dynamic space that maps sources, resource availability, infrastructure, and vibrant economic options is essential in ensuring a climate-resilient sustainable domain. This information can be disseminated to farmers using a central decision support system to ensure sustainable food production with the application of a digital system.
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Overland, James E. "Less climatic resilience in the Arctic." Weather and Climate Extremes 30 (December 2020): 100275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2020.100275.

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Liu, Congcong, Yuanfang Chai, Boyuan Zhu, Yunping Yang, Jinyun Deng, and Yong Hu. "River regulation and resilience: an approach for the Yangtze watershed." Water Supply 21, no. 4 (February 2, 2021): 1817–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.035.

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Abstract Many studies have focused on analyzing variation characteristics of the watershed resilience based on different indicators, while few efforts have been made to quantificationally evaluate contributions of climatic and anthropogenic factors to the varied resilience. In this study, we investigate changes in the seasonal runoff resilience of the entire Yangtze River basin during 1961–2014 by using a convex model and a resilience indicator (Pi). The MIKE 11HD model and the regression method were adopted to further differentiate effects of climate variations and human activities. Results show that climate variation (especially droughts and floods) and human activities exert negative and positive effects, respectively, and become primary reasons for falling and increasing trends in entire watershed resilience. These impacts grow with time under the gradually intensified climate variability and human activity. HIGHTLIGHTS Effects of climatic and anthropogenic factors on the varied watershed runoff resilience are quantificationally estimated. Investigating the changes in the watershed resilience in the entire Yangtze River.
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Lamichhane, Prahlad, Kelly K. Miller, Michalis Hadjikakou, and Brett A. Bryan. "Resilience of smallholder cropping to climatic variability." Science of The Total Environment 719 (June 2020): 137464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137464.

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Maybery, Darryl, Rod Pope, Gene Hodgins, and Yvonne Hitchenor. "Fostering resilience: Empowering rural communities in the face of hardship." Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 3 (November 25, 2010): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijcre.v3i0.1029.

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Australian rural communities are experiencing some of the worst climactic and economic conditions in decades. Unfortunately, the multiple government and non-government agency responses have reportedly been uncoordinated, sometimes losing sight of their consumers. This article describes a program designed to strengthen and empower resilience in small rural communities and summarises the outcomes, including needs and action planning undertaken. The 97 participants were from eight outer regional or remote towns and communities in the northern Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. As groups representing their communities, they attended meetings and responded to a series of questions regarding issues arising from the drought, community needs, and actions their community could take to address these issues and needs. The study findings highlight the stress and strain of the climatic conditions and the insecurity of rural incomes, as well as problems with the high cost of transport. The communities recognised a degree of social disintegration but also expressed considerable hope that, by working together and better utilising social agencies, they could develop a social connectedness that would make their communities more resilient. Approaches that empower and facilitate community resilience are suggested as an effective model that governments and non-government agencies can use to encourage social groups that are struggling to build resilience.
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Stan, Kayla, and Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa. "Tropical Dry Forest Diversity, Climatic Response, and Resilience in a Changing Climate." Forests 10, no. 5 (May 23, 2019): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10050443.

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Central and South America tropical dry forest (TDF) is a water-limited biome with a high number of endemic species and numerous ecosystem services which has experienced a boom in research in the last decade. Although the number of case studies across these seasonal, water-limited, tropical forests has increased, there has not been a comprehensive review to assess the physiological variability of this biome across the continent and assess how these forests respond to climatic variables. Additionally, understanding forest change and resilience under climatic variability, currently and in the future, is essential for assessing the future extent and health of forests in the future. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to provide a literature review on the variability of TDF diversity and structure across a latitudinal gradient and to assess how these components respond to differences in climatic variables across this geographic area. We first assess the current state of understanding of the structure, biomass, phenological cycles, and successional stages across the latitudinal gradient. We subsequently review the response of these five areas to differences in precipitation, temperature, and extreme weather events, such as droughts and hurricanes. We find that there is a range of adaptability to precipitation, with many areas exhibiting drought tolerance except under the most extreme circumstances, while being susceptible to damage from increased extreme precipitation events. Finally, we use this climatic response to provide a commentary on the projected resilience of TDFs under climatic changes, finding a likelihood of resilience under drying scenarios, although model projections do not agree on the magnitude or direction of precipitation change. This review of quantitative studies will provide more concrete details on the current diversity that encompasses the TDF, the natural climatic ranges under which this ecosystem can survive and thrive, and can help inform future forest management practices under climate change scenarios.
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Kahiluoto, Helena, Janne Kaseva, Jan Balek, Jørgen E. Olesen, Margarita Ruiz-Ramos, Anne Gobin, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, et al. "Decline in climate resilience of European wheat." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804387115.

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Food security relies on the resilience of staple food crops to climatic variability and extremes, but the climate resilience of European wheat is unknown. A diversity of responses to disturbance is considered a key determinant of resilience. The capacity of a sole crop genotype to perform well under climatic variability is limited; therefore, a set of cultivars with diverse responses to weather conditions critical to crop yield is required. Here, we show a decline in the response diversity of wheat in farmers’ fields in most European countries after 2002–2009 based on 101,000 cultivar yield observations. Similar responses to weather were identified in cultivar trials among central European countries and southern European countries. A response diversity hotspot appeared in the trials in Slovakia, while response diversity “deserts” were identified in Czechia and Germany and for durum wheat in southern Europe. Positive responses to abundant precipitation were lacking. This assessment suggests that current breeding programs and cultivar selection practices do not sufficiently prepare for climatic uncertainty and variability. Consequently, the demand for climate resilience of staple food crops such as wheat must be better articulated. Assessments and communication of response diversity enable collective learning across supply chains. Increased awareness could foster governance of resilience through research and breeding programs, incentives, and regulation.
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Chiesa, Giacomo. "Climatic potential maps of ventilative cooling techniques in Italian climates including resilience to climate changes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 609 (October 23, 2019): 032039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/609/3/032039.

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Islam, M., and Dennis Ashilenje. "Diversified Forage Cropping Systems and Their Implications on Resilience and Productivity." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (October 28, 2018): 3920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113920.

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Plant diversity is associated with resilient ecosystems. Loss of plant biodiversity triggered by anthropogenic and climatic factors jeopardizes environmental stability and sustainable forage production. The understanding of biodiversity mechanisms and functional traits of species can help to design forage production systems to buffer against perturbations. Resilience and productivity are linked to plant species characteristics and interactions that enable them to recover from adverse conditions and compensate for the loss of susceptible species. Benefits of diversified crops including enhanced carbon assimilation, nitrogen fixation, and turnover are transferred to soil microbes which in return contribute to resilience against drought and poor soil fertility. In the absence of disturbances, these mechanisms are credited for stability and climax ecosystems. Cultivated systems are more fragile because management interferes with many functions while maintaining few. Strategies that sustain an entire range of functions can increase production regardless of climatic and management factors. This has been demonstrated in binary mixtures of cool season grasses including meadow bromegrass (Bromus biebersteinii Roem. & Schult.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), and intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey) with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Suitable combinations of perennial species and cultivars bred for compatible traits can enhance resilience and productivity in a wide range of ecosystems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Climatic resilience"

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Bahadur, Aditya Vansh. "Policy climates and climate policies : analysing the politics of building resilience to climate change." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48873/.

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This thesis seeks to examine the politics of building resilience to climate change by analysing the manner in which policy contexts and initiatives to build climate change resilience interact. For analysis, the ‘policy context' is broken into its three constituent parts- actors, policy spaces and discourses. This permits the addition of new knowledge on how discourses attached to resilience are dissonant with those prevailing in ossified policy environments in developing countries; the influence of actor networks, epistemic communities, knowledge intermediaries and policy entrepreneurs in helping climate change resilience gain traction in policy environments; and the dynamic interaction of interest, agendas and power within decision-making spaces attached to resilience-building processes. This analysis takes place by employing a case-study of a major, international climate change resilience initiative unfolding in two Indian cities. Using data gathered through a variety of rigorous qualitative research methods employed over 14 months of empirical inquiry the thesis highlights issues of politics and power to argue that they are significant determinants of processes to deal with climate impacts. More specifically, it expands current understandings of engaging with climate impacts by exposing gaps in resilience thinking and argues against a technocratic approach to designing and executing resilience policies. In doing so it also demonstrates that resilience, with its emphasis on systems thinking, dealing with uncertainty and community engagement brings new challenges for policy makers. As the study is located in the urban context, it highlights the manner in which fragmented urban policy environments, dense patterns of settlement in cities, urban livelihood patterns and prevailing epistemic cultures can pose obstacles for a policy initiative aimed at building resilience to climate change. Finally, the research underlines the importance of coupling resilience with local narratives of dealing with shocks and stresses, argues for genuine iteration and shared learning during decision-making and highlights the need to celebrate multiple visions of resilience. Findings from this research can help inform a growing number of policy initiatives aimed at deploying resilience to help those battling the exigencies of a changing climate in some of the world's most vulnerable areas.
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Williams, Emma Clare, and Emma Clare Williams. "Prescribed Fire Can Increase Multi-Species, Regional-Scale Resilience to Increasing Climatic Water Deficit." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622901.

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Dry mixed conifer forests of southwestern North America are projected to be particularly vulnerable to ongoing persistent warm drought conditions, and related increases in wildfire frequency, size and severity, due in part to consequences of over a century of fire exclusion. Prescribed fire is applied actively in many landscapes to reduce hazardous fuel loads and continuity, restore forest community composition and structure, and increase tree resilience to drought stress. However, fire can also adversely affect tree growth by damaging cambial, root, and canopy tissues, leading to tradeoffs in the use of fire as a tool for forest resilience. Radial growth is an indicator of climatic and ecological stress and can thus provide a relative measure of resilience to stress and disturbances; but, the mechanisms driving tree resilience to prescribed fire and concurrent drought are poorly understood. Thinning effects of prescribed fire may increase tree resilience to drought by increasing water, light and nutrient availability and production of defense mechanisms. However, trends over the last century indicate warming temperatures are increasing tree sensitivity to fire by reducing post-fire growth (lower resilience) and increasing the likelihood of mortality. Trees can be resistant to fire exposure, and where growth changes occur they can be transient or persistent. We studied the interactions between tree- and stand-level fire effects on the growth responses of surviving Abies concolor, Pinus jefferyi, Pinus ponderosa, and Pseudotsuga menziesii over 24 years of variable climatic conditions in ten National Parks across the western and southwest United States. We used linear mixed effects models to identify mechanisms influencing resistance and resilience responses to fire and interannual climate, using climatic water deficit (CWD) as an index of climatic stress. Compared to pre-fire growth, trees exposed to fire increased growth during periods of greater water deficits. Tree growth responses were variable among and within species and size classes, but contingent on time-since-fire and the climate during the recovery period. Negative fire effects on tree resistance were generally transient, while climate and pre-existing stand conditions were persistent controls on tree resilience. These results suggest that antecedent and subsequent climate conditions modulate post-fire forest response. Consideration of climate variation could improve the strategic use of prescribed fire for tree resilience to drought, and a deeper understanding of factors contributing to prefire growth may elucidate the mechanisms driving post-fire growth responses.
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Hoppe-Speer, Sabine Clara-Lisa. "Response of mangroves in South Africa to anthropogenic and natural impacts." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012123.

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The total mangrove area cover in South Africa is 1631.7 ha, with the largest area cover in a few estuaries in the KwaZulu-Natal Province (1391.1 ha) and the remainder recorded in the Eastern Cape Province with 240.6 ha. This represents 0.05 percent of Africa‟s mangrove area cover and although small adds irreplaceable value to the biodiversity of South Africa. Mangroves are threatened by over-utilization through harvesting for firewood and building materials as well as excessive browsing and trampling by livestock. The objective of this study was to investigate the response of mangroves to different stressors from natural change as well as anthropogenic pressures. This was done by identifying pressures, measuring area cover, population structure and environmental parameters such as sediment characteristics. Mangroves in 17 estuaries along the east coast were investigated. Population structure and the area covered by mangroves in 2011/2012 were compared with data from the same area for 1999. Detailed studies were conducted in St. Lucia Estuary to investigate the response of mangroves to reduced tidal flooding; mangrove expansion at a latitudinal limit in a protected area at Nahoon Estuary was studied and the effect of cattle browsing on mangroves was measured at Nxaxo Estuary. The St. Lucia Estuary (28°S; 32°E) represented a unique study site as the mouth has been closed to the sea since 2002 and the mangrove habitats have been non-tidal. St. Lucia Estuary is both a Ramsar and World Heritage site and therefore understanding the response of mangroves to changes in the environment is important. In 2010 sediment characteristics and mangrove population structure were measured at four sites which were chosen to represent different salinity and water level conditions. The site fringing the main channel had the highest density of mangrove seedlings and saplings. The dry site had a lower density of mangroves with mostly only tall adult trees and few saplings. Mangrove tree height and density increased at sites with high sediment moisture and low surface sediment salinity. Few seedlings and saplings were found at sites with dry surface sediment and high salinity. Long term data are needed to assess the influence of mouth closure on recruitment and survival of the mangrove forest at St. Lucia Estuary; however this study has shown that sediment characteristics are unfavourable for mangrove growth at sites now characterized by a lack of tidal flooding. It is not known when exactly the mangroves were planted in Nahoon Estuary (32°S; 27° E), East London, but it is suspected that this was in the early 1970s. Avicennia marina (Forrsk.)Vierh. was planted first, followed a few years later by the planting of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. and Rhizophora mucronata (L.) among the larger A. marina trees. Surprisingly the mangrove population appears to be thriving and this study tested the hypothesis that mangroves have expanded and replaced salt marsh over a 33 year period. This study provides important information on mangroves growing at higher latitudes, where they were thought to not occur naturally due to lower annual average temperatures. It further provides insights on future scenarios of possible shifts in vegetation types due to climate change at one of the most southerly distribution sites worldwide. The expansion of mangroves was measured over a 33 year period (1978 - 2011) using past aerial photographs and Esri ArcGIS Desktop 10 software. In addition, field surveys were completed in 2011 to determine the population structure of the present mangrove forest and relate this to environmental conditions. The study showed that mangrove area cover increased linearly at a rate of 0.06 ha-1 expanding over a bare mudflat area, while the salt marsh area cover also increased (0.09 ha-1) but was found to be variable over time. The mangrove area is still small (< 2 ha) and at present no competition between mangroves and salt marsh can be deduced. Instead the area has the ability to maintain high biodiversity and biomass. Avicennia marina was the dominant mangrove species and had high recruitment (seedling density was 33 822 ± 16 364 ha-1) but only a few Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Rhizophora mucronata individuals were found (< 10 adult trees). The site provides opportunities for studies on mangrove / salt marsh interactions in response to a changing climate at the most southern limit of mangrove distribution in Africa. This research has provided the baseline data, permanent quadrats and tagged trees to be used in future long-term monitoring of population growth and sediment characteristics. At Nxaxo Estuary (32°S; 28°E) the response of mangrove trees (Avicennia marina) to cattle browsing and trampling was investigated by using cattle exclusion plots. Exclusion plots were established by fencing in five 25 m2 quadrats and adjacent to each experimental quadrat a control quadrat (not fenced in, 25 m2) was set-up. Trees were tagged and measured annually from 2010 to 2012. Sediment salinity, pH, moisture, organic content, compaction as well as sediment particle size was also measured in each quadrat. Sediment characteristics did not vary between control and experimental plots but did show changes between the years. The mangrove trees in the cattle exclusion plots grew exponentially over a period of two years. There was a significant increase in mean plant height (5.41 ± 0.53 cm), crown volume (0.54 ± 0.01 m3) and crown diameter (7.09 ± 0.60 cm) from 2010 to 2012. Trees in the control plots had significantly lower growth (p < 0.05). There was a decrease in plant height (-0.07 ± 0.67cm1) and only small increases in crown volume (0.14 ± 0.1 m3) and crown diameter (2.03 ± 2.61 cm). The research showed that browsing on mangroves by cattle stunts growth and causes a shrubby appearance as a result of coppicing. The browsed trees were dwarfed with horizontal spreading of branches and intact foliage close to the ground while the plants in the cattle exclusion plots showed an increase in vertical growth and expansion. In the cattle exclusion plots there was a significantly higher percentage of flowering (67 percent) and fruiting (39 percent) trees in 2012 compared to the control sites where 34 percent of the plants were flowering and 5.4 percent of the plants carried immature propagules. Observations in the field also indicated that cattle had trampled a number of seedlings thus influencing mangrove survival. The study concluded that browsing changes the morphological structure of mangrove trees and reduces growth and seedling establishment. This is an additional stress that the mangroves are exposed to in rural areas where cattle are allowed to roam free. Seventeen permanently open estuaries provide habitat for mangrove forests along the former Transkei coast. This part of the Eastern Cape is mostly undeveloped and difficult to access. Mangrove area cover, species distribution, population structure and health of the mangrove habitat were compared with results from previous studies in 1982 and 1999. The mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza had the densest stands and was widely distributed as it was present in 13 of the 17 estuaries. Avicennia marina was dominant in those estuaries which had the largest area cover of mangroves and was present in 10 estuaries, while Rhizophora mucronata was rare and only present in five estuaries. Anthropogenic and natural impacts were noted within the mangrove habitats in each of these estuaries. Harvesting of mangrove wood, livestock browsing and trampling and footpaths occurred in most of the estuaries (> 70 percent). It was observed that browsing on trees resulted in a clear browse-line and browsing on propagules mainly by goats resulted in reduced seedling establishment in most of the estuaries except those in protected areas. Mangroves had re-established in estuaries where they had been previously lost but mouth closure due to drought and sea storms resulted in the mass die back of mangroves in the Kobonqaba Estuary. There was a total loss of 31.5 ha in mangrove area cover in the last 30 years and this was a total reduction of 10.5 ha (11 percent) for every decade. This is high considering that the present total mangrove area cover is only 240.6 ha for all the Transkei estuaries. In this study it was concluded that the anthropogenic impacts such as livestock browsing and trampling as well as harvesting in these estuaries contributed most to the mangrove degradation as these are continuous pressures occurring over long periods and are expected to increase in future with increasing human population. Natural changes such as sea storms occur less frequently but could result in large scale destruction over shorter periods. Examples of these are mouth closure that result in mangrove mass mortality as well as strong floods which destroy forest by scouring of the banks.
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Pereira, Taryn, Sheona Shackleton, and Felix Kwabena Donkor. "Integrating Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) for greater local level resilience: lessons from a multi-stakeholder think-tank." Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62027.

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The last few years have seen one of the most severe droughts in recent times in the southern African region, and news headlines are increasingly full of warnings about heavy storms, fires and floods. There is no doubt that extreme hydro-meteorological events, and their multiple and potentially disastrous impacts, are at the forefront of the public consciousness at the present time and are one of the key concerns regarding the impacts of climate change in the region. While the links between extreme climate events, disaster risk reduction (DRR - see Box 1) and climate change adaptation (CCA - see Box 2) are recognised in the South African Climate Change White Paper, this is not the case for the whole region. Furthermore, even if there is national recognition of the need to synergise these two spheres of endeavour, this does not always trickle down to effective policy, planning and implementation at the local level.
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Sibanda, Patience. "Climate change mitigation and resilience by four major supermarkets in East London, South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5406.

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Climate change is a human development challenge. Its negative impacts have the potential to reverse the human development gains made in Africa. South Africa, just like many other countries in the Global South, is being negatively affected by climate change. The country`s economy is largely dependent on agriculture, extractive industries and manufacturing, all of which are vulnerable to climate change in different ways. This vulnerability means different public and private stakeholders must institute sustainable climate change mitigation and adaptation measures so as to ameliorate climate change impacts. Gradually transforming to an environmentally friendly ‘green economy’ and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are some of South Africa’s climate change mitigation priorities. Just like the public sector, the private sector has a major role to play in this transition to a low carbon economy through minimising its carbon emissions in their operations. Against this background, this qualitative research examines the role played by four major supermarkets (Shoprite, Spar, Pick n Pay and Woolworths), in climate change mitigation and resilience building. It does so through an appraisal of their mitigation and resilience programs. The four supermarkets were purposively selected in East London, Eastern Cape. Data collection combined heavy reliance on desktop discourse analysis with field interviews in the form of purposively sampled key informant interviews. The results show that the four major supermarkets are implementing a variety of climate change mitigation and resilience strategies. These include reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, prioritisation of renewable energy, recycling and environmentally friendly packaging, promotion of sustainable ways of farming and improved fuel efficiency in their transport systems. In terms of policy improvement, the study recommends that there is need for supermarkets to learn from each other’s’ climate change mitigation initiatives so as to advance South Africa’s ‘green economy’ agenda.
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Duveneck, Matthew Joshua. "Managing for Resistance and Resilience of Northern Great Lakes Forests to the Effects of Climate Change." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1551.

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Climate change is expected to drastically change the environmental conditions which forests depend. Lags in tree species movements will likely be outpaced by a more rapidly changing climate. This may result in species extirpation, a change in forest structure, and a decline in resistance and resilience (i.e., the ability to persist and recover from external perturbations, respectively). In the northern Great Lakes region of North America, an ecotone exists along the boreal-temperate transition zone where large changes in species composition exist across a climate gradient. Increasing temperatures are observed in the more southern landscapes. As climate change is expected to substantially affect mid-continental landscapes, this region is especially vulnerable to climate change. My research assessed the effects of climate change under business as usual (BAU) management as well as alternative management strategies. To do so, I simulated forest change in two landscapes (northeastern Minnesota and northern lower Michigan) under three climate change scenarios (current climate, low emissions, and high emissions), and four management scenarios (BAU, modified silviculture, expanded reserves, and climate suitable planting) with a spatially-explicit forest simulation model from year 2000 to year 2150. Specifically, I explored how climate change would affect relationships between tree species diversity and productivity; how expanded reserves and modified silviculture may affect aboveground biomass (AGB) and species diversity; how climate suitable planting may affect functional diversity, and AGB; and how alternative management may affect the resistance and resilience of forests to multiple disturbances interacting with climate change. Under the BAU management scenario, I found that current and low emissions climate scenarios did not affect the relationship between species diversity and productivity; however, under a high emissions climate scenario, a decline in simulated productivity was coupled with a stronger positive relationship between diversity and productivity. Under the high emissions climate scenario, overall productivity declined in both landscapes with specific species declines projected for boreal species such as balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and black spruce (Picea mariana). Under alternative management scenarios, I simulated a limited ability to increase tree species and functional diversity, AGB, and net primary productivity under climate change. The limits of management were especially apparent under the high emissions climate scenario. In a novel approach to measuring resilience, I plotted the recovery of both initial species composition and AGB to stochastic fire events for each simulation. This approach assessed both a general response (i.e. AGB) with a more specific response (i.e. species composition). My results suggest that climate change will reduce the resilience of northern Great Lake forest AGB and species composition and that management effects will be largely outweighed by the declines expected due to climate change. My results highlight the necessity to consider even more innovative and creative solutions under climate change (e.g., planting species from even further south than I simulated).
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Hamer, Nick, and Sheona Shackleton. "Interaction of multiple stressors: vulnerability, coping and adaptation within the context of climate change and HIV/AIDS in South Africa: Investigating strategies to strengthen livelihoods and food security and build resilience." Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50065.

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Government policy development and implementation is often designed to address different sectors of society in isolation, so social, economic and environmental issues are considered as being distinct from one other. Recently it has been acknowledged that 'working in silos' is not conducive for good governance and so efforts have been made for better co-ordination between different government departments and different spheres of government. Our research findings show the knock on effects of one problem into other areas of people's lives, highlighting why it is vital for policies and programmes to be far better co-ordinated. The different challenges and stresses that people face in their lives interact with one another in complex ways, undermining their capacity to cope with and adapt to future changes, such as those expected under climate change.
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MacKendrick, Katharine. "Climate Change Adaptation Planning for Cultural and Natural Resource Resilience: a Look at Planning for Climate Change in Two Native Nations in the Pacific Northwest U.S." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10022.

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xii, 172 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
The literature indicates that for indigenous peoples the environmental impacts of climate change and some proposed solutions threaten lifeways, subsistence, economic ventures, future growth, cultural survivability, rights, land ownership, and access to resources. However, limited understanding and awareness of the vulnerability and capacity of American Indian and Alaska Native tribes and of climate change impacts at the local level affect climate policymaking, planning, and equity. Case studies with the Coquille and Hoopa Valley Indian tribes in the Pacific Northwest U.S. explore the key considerations in planning for climate change adaptation, particularly for cultural and natural resource resilience. Document analysis and semi-structured interviews offer insight on the risks the tribes face and the role of traditional and local knowledge and experience in planning for climate change adaptation. Conclusions offer information useful in planning for climate impacts, local-level climate adaptation research, and climate policy development at the local to global levels.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Michael Hibbard, Chair; Dr. Cassandra Moseley; Kathy Lynn
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Nzante, Ekiyie. "Improving socio-ecological resilience strategies of climate change in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018823.

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The Kyoto Protocol of UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) postulated that anthropogenic causes are the main drivers of global climate change. This Kyoto Protocol was ratified by South Africa, with South Africa accepting all the binding commitments. Since then South Africa has promulgated legislations which cater for the environment and the reduction of the greenhouse gases respectively, with the aim of promoting sustainable development. The South African constitution has recognised the environment in Section 24. This is the birth place of the “Environmental Clauses” which do not only speak to the national government but are also broken down to the provincial and local government. This study was grounded within the field of Development studies and undertook a case study of improving the socio-ecological resilience strategies of climate changes in Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole (NMBM). The study employed the use of semi-structure interviews whereby a questionnaire was used to guide the researcher in the interview process. A total of 23 officials were interviewed, ranging from governmental departments (municipality) through civil societies to private consultants, in order to avoid the generation of biases. The data obtained from respondents were presented, analysed, and discussed. From the data collected, it was possible to single out certain barriers to climate change resilience initiative in NMBM. Some of these barriers include the lack of awareness of climate change resilience issues, lack of political will, lack of funding, and the poor concern given to climate change issues since the municipality does not consider it a core issue. Based on the study findings, the main recommendation offered to NMBM was the creation of a Sustainable Development Framework, which will provide a perfect platform for development, acknowledge the threat posed by the negative effects of climate change, and enhance opportunities to execute climate change projects in NMBM.
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Solórzano, Sánchez Ana Evanisi. "Linking social protection and resilience to climate change : a case study of the conditional cash transfer programme 'Oportunidades' in rural Yucatan, Mexico." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/58080/.

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This thesis examines the linkages between social protection and resilience to climate change among poor rural households. To date there is a very limited understanding of the potential role of social protection programmes in contributing to an increase in resilience of the rural poor with respect to climate change. An improved understanding of these links can help to build the knowledge base that is needed to help the poorest members of the society to adapt to the impacts of climate change. This gap in understanding is addressed in this thesis through a case study of the conditional cash transfer programme Oportunidades in two rural communities in Yucatan, Mexico, a region highly exposed to hurricanes and droughts. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected by means of household surveys, life-history interviews, key informant interviews, group discussions and participant observation. A social protection-resilience analytical framework was developed in order to guide the data collection and analysis. This framework is informed by a dynamic understanding of resilience, which integrates two resilience dimensions: the absorptive capacity (the ability to resist and recover from a shock) and the adaptive capacity (the ability to adapt to the effects of a shock). This framework is based on the proposition that social protection reduces vulnerability and, by doing so, this can also help to increase poor households resilience to climate change. The thesis found that the main role of Oportunidades is to provide a regular and predictable safety net that protects households from short-term risk, thus increasing households' absorptive capacity. The impact on the adaptive capacity of households is indirect and differentiated according to their respective poverty profiles. Furthermore, the research shows that certain features of the theory of change of Oportunidades, and its design, reduce the potential impact of the programme, creating trade-offs between the different resilience dimensions. This is the case because resilience to climate change and social protection literatures are derived from distinctive approaches, which frame vulnerability differently. The thesis concludes by making a case for social protection to be complemented by other interventions in a systemic approach that should explicitly consider climate change, in order to increase resilience and achieve sustainable poverty reduction.
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Books on the topic "Climatic resilience"

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(Organization), Tebtebba, ed. Knowledge, innovation & resilience: Indigenous peoples' climate change adaptation & mitigation measures. Baguio City, Philippines: Tebtebba Foundation, 2012.

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The question of resilience: Social responses to climate change. [København]: Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, 2009.

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Lipper, Leslie. Climate Smart Agriculture: Building Resilience to Climate Change. Cham: Springer Nature, 2017.

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Linnenluecke, Martina K. The climate resilient organization: Adaptation and resilience to climate change and weather extremes. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2015.

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Shaw, Rajib, and Sharma Anshu. Climate and disaster resilience in cities. Bingley: Emerald, 2011.

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United States. National Park Service. Climate Change Response Program. National Park Service climate change response strategy: Science, adaptation, mitigation, communication. Fort Collins, Colorado: Natrional Park Service, Climate Change Response Program, 2010.

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Bank, World, ed. Building resilience to climate change in South Caucasus agriculture. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014.

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Climate change adaptation and social resilience in the Sundarbans. London: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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Joint FAO/OECD Workshop (2012 Rome). Building resilience for adaptation to climate change in the agriculture sector: Proceedings of a Joint FAO/OECD Workshop 23-24 April 2012. Rome: Food And Agriculture Organization Of The United Nations, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2012.

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Morrell, William John. Pacific food security toolkit: Building resilience to climate change : root crop and fishery production. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Climatic resilience"

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Ojo, Olumuyiwa Idowu, Abdulafeez Olalekan Olaniyan, Adeniyi Suleiman Gbadegesin, and Masengo Francois Ilunga. "Assessment of Climatic Variability Effect on Millet Production and Yield." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71025-9_188-1.

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Ojo, Olumuyiwa Idowu, Abdulafeez Olalekan Olaniyan, Adeniyi Suleiman Gbadegesin, and Masengo Francois Ilunga. "Assessment of Climatic Variability Effect on Millet Production and Yield." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 1269–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93336-8_188.

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Rafique, Rizwan, Touqeer Ahmad, Tahira Kalsoom, Muhammad Azam Khan, and Mukhtar Ahmed. "Climatic Challenge for Global Viticulture and Adaptation Strategies." In Global Agricultural Production: Resilience to Climate Change, 611–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14973-3_22.

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Ndesanjo, Ronald Boniphace, Ida Theilade, and Martin Reinhardt Nielsen. "Pathways to Enhance Climate Change Resilience among Pastoral Households in Northern Tanzania." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2591–609. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_128.

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AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the pathways to enhance resilience to increased climate variability and directional change among pastoral households in Simanjiro District in Northern Tanzania. The study used household survey and rainfall and temperature data. Results indicate increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation trends over the past four decades. Also, extreme climatic events, particularly drought, have become more frequent. Food and water insecurity are key factors causing an increased household vulnerability. Increased climate change-induced malaria prevalence poses additional health risks. Household adaptive strategies include livelihood diversification and migration. Local institutions are instrumental in enhancing climate change resilience at the local level. We conclude that livelihood diversification and migration are key pathways to enhancing households’ climate change resilience.
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Zhang, Yu, Wenhong Li, Ge Sun, and John King. "Coastal Wetland Hydrologic Resilience to Climatic Disturbances: Concept, Quantification, and Threshold Response." In Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience, 417–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99063-3_18.

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Nwosu, Nkem J., and Paul B. Okon. "Impacts of Some Climatic Factors on Soil Quality of Tropical Acid-Sand Soils." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71025-9_72-1.

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Nwosu, Nkem J., and Paul B. Okon. "Impacts of Some Climatic Factors on Soil Quality of Tropical Acid-Sand Soils." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 295–317. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93336-8_72.

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Mwaniki, Fiona, and Humphrey M. Ngibuini. "Understanding Kenyan Farmers’ Perceptions of and Responses to Climatic Variability to Build their Resilience." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71025-9_82-1.

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Mwaniki, Fiona, and Humphrey M. Ngibuini. "Understanding Kenyan Farmers’ Perceptions of and Responses to Climatic Variability to Build their Resilience." In Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 1661–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93336-8_82.

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Aggarwal, Pramod, Joyashree Roy, Himanshu Pathak, S. Naresh Kumar, B. Venkateswarlu, Anupa Ghosh, and Duke Ghosh. "Managing Climatic Risks in Agriculture." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 83–108. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0763-0_4.

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AbstractClimate change and associated increase in climatic variability is projected to increase risks to our food security. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA), which includes several technological, institutional and policy interventions, can help us increase production and adapt to climate change with significant greenhouse gases (GHG) mitigation co-benefits. Several policy and institutional initiatives in the past have promoted greater adoption of CSA practices and technologies, which have helped reduce the impact of rainfall deficit on an aggregate scale. There is a need to invest in developing a better understanding of the adoption domains of CSA interventions, their linkages with demand and supply of food, and appropriate ‘business models’ to scale them out. Climate-Smart Village approach is one such strategy to facilitate this. Increased focus on new digital and genetic technologies, improved early warning systems of weather and production risks, redesigned agricultural insurance programme, replacement foods, and circular economy for comprehensive resource utilisation could further transform resilience of agricultural systems.
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Conference papers on the topic "Climatic resilience"

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Cárdenas, J. Rubén G., Àngela Nebot, and Francisco Mugica. "A Proposal for Climate Change Resilience Management through Fuzzy Controllers." In Special Session on Applications of Modeling and Simulation to Climatic Change and Environmental Sciences. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006031703760382.

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Altamimi, A., and D. Jayaweera. "Reliability Performances of Grid-Integrated PV Systems with Varying Climatic Conditions." In IET International Conference on Resilience of Transmission and Distribution Networks (RTDN 2017). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2017.0336.

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Oyediji, Remi, and Susan Tighe. "Impacts Of Flooding On Concrete Pavement." In 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. International Society for Concrete Pavements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33593/5se85bna.

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With shifting paradigms in usual climatic events and increased occurrence of flood hazards, vulnerability assessment and adaptation of road infrastructure is essential. Road pavements are critical in sustaining socio-economic activities and their vulnerability to flood hazards could have serious cost consequences. Therefore, a conscientious decision to consider pavement materials, designs and alternatives that are resilient to recurring flood events is desired. Based on previous investigations into how pavements types, classes and configuration respond to extreme events, concrete pavements are reported as better flood-resilient systems in countries that have experienced intense flooding and inundation. Although Canada has experienced some of the worst flood incidences in history and owns a number of concrete pavement infrastructure, no study has been conducted to better understand its performance under extreme conditions. To provide insight on concrete pavement flood response, the use of the state of the art AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (PMED) program is employed to model various flood scenarios on concrete pavement types and configurations common to two Canadian provinces, Ontario and Manitoba. The performance of the various pavement classes in terms of flood resilience, service life and cost feasibility is analyzed and results provide insight on the resilience and adaptive capacity of rigid pavements to flood hazards in Canada.
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Melchiors, Lucia C., Xinxin Wang, and Matthew Bradbury. "A collaborative design studio approach to safeguard waterfront resilience in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zeland." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/sxla6361.

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This paper discusses the potential of an interdisciplinary design studio to develop innovative thinking in response to the climatic and social challenges facing contemporary waterfront redevelopments. Climate change has a broad and growing range of environmental effects on coastal cities that demand urgent responses. The paper describes the development of a collaborative and interdisciplinary design studio that identified a number of design responses to meet the challenges of climate change. The studio brought together students and lecturers from architecture and landscape architecture along with relevant stakeholders (government agencies, practitioners, community) to collaborate on the redevelopment of the Onehunga Port in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand. Engagement with mana whenua (the indigenous people of specific areas of Aotearoa New Zealand) was critical. The students worked in teams to conduct critical research and design throughout a masterplanning design process. The outcomes of the studio included openended and propositional designs rather than the conventional masterplans. Students design work addressed complex problems, such as sea-level rise, to develop a more resilient urban future. Beyond the immediate objectives of the studio, the interdisciplinary collaboration demonstrated a range of benefits, including students learning to work in teams, sharing complementary views, broadening perspectives and increasing social awareness.
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Croce, Pietro, Paolo Formichi, Filippo Landi, and Francesca Marsili. "Evaluating the effect of climate change on snow load on structures." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0666.

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<p>As consequence of global warming extreme weather events might become more frequent and severe across the globe. The evaluation of the impact of climate change on extremes is then a crucial issue for the resilience of infrastructures and buildings and is a key challenge for adaptation planning. In this paper, a suitable procedure for the estimation of future trends of climatic actions is presented starting from the output of regional climate models and taking into account the uncertainty in the model itself. In particular, the influence of climate change on ground snow loads is discussed in detail and the typical uncertainty range is determined applying an innovative algorithm for weather generation. Considering different greenhouse gasses emission scenarios, some results are presented for the Italian Mediterranean region proving the ability of the method to define factors of change for climate extremes also allowing a sound estimate of the uncertainty range associated with different models.</p>
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Zapata Posada, Dario, Jaime Hernán Aristizábal Ceballos, Julián Fernando Chaves Agudelo, and Milton Eduardo Pardo Romero. "Approach to Risk Management for the Hydrocarbon-Transport Infrastructure With Regard to Climate Change." In ASME 2015 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2015-8544.

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Planet Earth has recently witnessed a change in the behavior of climate variables (including temperature, rainfall, etc.), primarily attributed to global warming. This climate change is a threat that is materializing and has affected elements of the infrastructure, ecosystems, and environmental conditions worldwide, as well as the National Development Plans [“Planes Nacionales de Desarrollo”]. The hydrocarbon-transport infrastructure in Colombia has not escaped the effects of climate variability. Therefore, a strategy must be devised to manage the risk and to adapt these systems in the light of potential harmful effects, and also to supplement or improve the mitigation measures for the effects generated by the oil industry through its operations. Climate disturbances lead to an increase in the likelihood of landslides, wildfires, floods, avalanches, and other natural hazards. The major climate changes that have been identified and that may affect hydrocarbon-transfer systems in Colombia are the following ones: • A gradual increase in temperature. • Changes in the patterns and amounts of rainfall. • A rise in sea level. • An increase in the severity and frequency of extreme weather events. The strategy for adapting the hydrocarbon-transport systems in light of climate change focuses primarily on the following points: 1. Acquiring more knowledge about the climatic changes that are expected to occur in Colombia, including the change in the major climatic variables and their georeferencing. 2. Diagnosing the transport systems and their spatial correlation with future climate scenarios. 3. Identifying the industries or elements of the infrastructure that are most vulnerable to the expected climatic changes. 4. Proposing measures that will add strength and/or resilience, so that the elements of the system can resist the effects of climate change, or overcome them within a short period of time, without affecting the Business. 5. Prioritizing the interventions to be performed at sites that are critical to the Business. 6. Monitoring and tracking the climatic variables in order to adjust the susceptibility models in light of the major impacts (e.g., landslides). The primary goal of this paper is to outline the initiative that has been proposed by the Technical Asset Management Bureau [“Gerencia Técnica de Activos”] (GTA) of Ecopetrol’s Office of the Vice President for Transportation and Logistics [“Vicepresidencia de Transporte y Logística”] (VIT Ecopetrol) in order to adapt the currently operating transport systems so that they can deal with climate change, while ensuring their healthful and safe operation, in compliance with the applicable technical legal requirements. Another goal of this paper is to highlight the advances that have been made by the GTA in the procurement, compilation, analysis, and use of climate information and geotechnical data as basic elements of risk management.
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Esteba, Theresa Audrey O. "Living with water. How memory and experience can help build community resilience in Dordrecht." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/evar9042.

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In 2021, Dordrecht, the oldest city in the Netherlands, will be commemorating the 600th anniversary of the St. Elizabeth flood. This disaster flood event inundated the entire Dordrecht and separated the city from Geertruidenberg. After the flood Dordrecht was left with only the old city center that the city had to reclaim their land. To date Dordrecht has remained an island surrounded by water. The city’s vulnerability to flooding have prompted the city to actively participate in climate adaptation strategies and innovative design methodologies to help the island city cope with changing climatic conditions. Dordrecht is one of the cities participating in the Room for the River project which allows vast tracks of land to be flooded in the event of a big flood. The city is also surrounded by dikes that protect parts of the city from any impending flood danger. Still the historic city center which lies in the unembanked area occasionally experience flooding. Every two to five years residents of Dordrecht especially in the old city center experience some low level flooding due to high waters and heavy rainfall. Yearly the city conducts a drill in the city center to train people on how to place flood barriers and sandbags in front of their homes. However, there is also a sense of complacency especially for the areas in the city where the structural measures were heavily constructed (those that are within the dike). This feeling of complacency may have been placed due to their strong belief that the city is indeed safe due to the structural measures that have been carefully integrated to ensure that flooding will never happen again. Memory-based disaster experience can be the starting point in building knowledge on disasters. Most often people who have experienced a disaster can provide experiential knowledge in dealing with disasters in the future. Further people who experience disasters on a more regular basis have more built in memory and knowledge. Using interviews from key stakeholders of Dordrecht, the paper will draw out how this memory-based disaster experience and living with water helps Dordrecht towards its vision to become a self-reliant island.
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Paszkowski, Zbigniew Wladyslaw, Sylwia Kolowiecka, and Aleksandra Agnieszka Kusmierek. "Urban security as part of the Smart Cities strategy." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/tiyo7521.

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Security is one of the basic existential needs of man. In one negative definition, security is defined as a feeling of absence of danger. In a positive approach, we can define the feeling of security as certainty of existence, survival and development. Security is of a complex nature and, apart from providing physical protection against direct threats, also includes meeting many specific behavioral needs, including the emotional and social sphere, defined by the needs of belonging to a family, social group and psychological and physical sphere - attachment to the place and the environment, the need to have and identify the living space used. In many cities, security experts develop strategies by analyzing urban planning and architecture and their resilience in terms of adaptability to changing climatic, social and economic conditions. The authors describe the need to include urban security in Smart Cities development strategies. The proper development and functioning of cities threatened by observed and forecasted climate changes, progressive anthropogenic environmental degradation, the effects of wars and terrorism, causes permanent updating of the city's development strategies and redefining of the architectural and urban environment.
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Johnston, Joan, and Debra Patton. "Toward Understanding Development of Team Resilience during Stress Exposure Training." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001494.

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The demand for understanding stress resilience in Soldiers has continued unabated for decades. In this paper we applied the Bowers et al. (2017) team resilience model to test hypotheses about whether U.S. Army squads participating in a three-day Stress Exposure Training would respond with resilient stress reactions, positive team and learning climate attitudes, and learning outcomes. Anxiety, depression, hostility, sensation seeking, and positive affect showed mild to strong indications of resilient “bounce back” after scenario based training, and positive team attitudes emerged early in training and remained high. Soldiers that reported higher team cohesion and learning climate scored higher on a post-training knowledge test. These findings indicate that individual and team resilience are emergent states and multiple measures of individual and team attitudes and behaviors are critical for diagnosing a team development over time. Recommendations for future research are discussed.
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HOSSAIN, MD MARUF, and José-Miguel Fernández-Güell. "DESARROLLO URBANO CLIMÁTICO VULNERABLE EN BANGLADESH." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Bogotá: Universidad Piloto de Colombia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.10093.

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This article investigates the impact of climate change on the functional systems of intermediate cities in Bangladesh. The aim is to mitigate the immediate challenges posed by the global climate change for small and middle sized cities as future populated urban centers in developing countries. The objective of this study is to formulate a comprehensive framework for climate change resilient urban governance. The conceptual framework of this research adopted the modified structure of S Tyler and M Moench (2012) CRF model incorporating three major components, urban functional system, local urban governance and climate resilience. Five case study cities in Bangladesh have been conceptualized as functional system to identify the change factors. The vulnerability assessment of climate change is to provide the city’s exposure of future climate risks on city’s functional system. The research initiates a resilience building process based on Mehta’s good governance (1998) through a shared learning dialogue (SLD) involving stakeholders. Key words: Urban functional system, Local urban governance, Climate resilience, Intermediate city
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Reports on the topic "Climatic resilience"

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Deshkar, Sameer, Vibhas Sukhwani, and Shruthi Dakey. Socio-ecological resilience as a sustainable development strategy for remote rural settlements in different geo-climatic zones of India. International Science Council, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24948/2019.02.

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Valencia, Sandra C. WFP’s Contributions to Improving the Prospects for Peace in the Central American Dry Corridor: Spotlight on Climate Change. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/aefi7913.

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This report explores the linkages between climate change, food security and conflict in the Central American Dry Corridor region. Specifically, the report analyses how climatic shocks and stresses affect food security and the risk of conflict in the Dry Corridor, through case studies of Guatemala and Honduras. In addition, the research analyses if, and how, the World Food Programme’s (WFP) Food for Assets programmes, which seek to increase resilience, are mitigating conflict risk, and WFP’s role in longer-term peacebuilding efforts against the backdrop of negative climate trends. The research was conducted in a selection of WFP’s intended beneficiary communities considered part of the Dry Corridor in the departments of Chiquimula and Zacapa in Guatemala and in the departments of La Paz and Santa Barbara in Honduras. Two theories of change are proposed for how WFP can improve the prospects for peace and reduce conflict sensitivity risks through its Food for Assets Resilience programming in the Dry Corridor: one related to land tenure and a second related to water governance. The research was part of a wider knowledge partnership between SIPRI and WFP. The partnership aimed to inform WFP’s potential contributions to improving the prospects for peace and how to address these through WFP’s programming.
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Grunwaldt, Alfred, Marie-Lena Glass, and Nancy McCarthy. Identification of Climate Resilience Opportunities and Metrics in Financing Operations: A Technical Reference Document for IDB Project Teams. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003432.

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As development financiers strive to implement climate adaptation measures that are effective and consistent with countries climate-resilient development pathways in line with the Paris Agreement, there is an urgent and increasing need to reduce vulnerability to climate variability and climate change, ensure that development operations are climate-resilient, particularly promote development operations that build climate resilience, and to monitor and evaluate the success of these measures. Given this need, the objective of this document is to provide a general conceptual framework to guide IDB project teams from different sectors in how to identify climate resilience opportunities and define indicators at the project level that will facilitate the monitoring and assessment of climate resilience results. With the conceptual framework presented in this document, the IDB aims to (1) lay the conceptual foundations to seize climate resilience opportunities in development projects by presenting definitions and examples for climate resilience elements and capacities as a basis for a conceptual climate resilience metrics framework and (2) guide sectorial specialists in identifying output and outcome indicators to monitor climate resilience results at the project level and to later evaluate the effectiveness of implemented adaptation and climate resilience activities.
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Wallis, Catherine, and Felicity Buckle. Social Protection and Climate Resilience. Evidence on Demand, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_tg.may2016.wallisandbuckle.

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Woodard, Todd. Samish Climate Resilience Planning Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1564100.

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Bailey, Jed, Christina Becker-Birck, Devindranauth Bissoon, Ashley Fox, Christiaan Gischler, Dave Hampton, Mathew Lee, Livia Minoja, and William Sloan. Building a more Resilient and Low-Carbon Caribbean: Report 4: Infrastructure Resilience in the Caribbean through Nature Based Solutions. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004603.

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The Caribbean islands are among the 25 most-vulnerable nations in terms of disasters per-capita or land area, and climate change is only expected to intensify these vulnerabilities. The loss caused by climate events drags the ability of the Caribbean countries to invest in infrastructure and social programs, contributing to slower productivity growth, poorer health outcomes, and lower standards of living. Within this context, building resiliency should become a priority for the Caribbean countries. The series “Building a more resilient and low-carbon Caribbean”, focuses on improving the resiliency, sustainability and decarbonization of the construction industry in the Caribbean. The results show that increasing building resiliency is economically viable for the high-risk islands of the Caribbean, generating long term savings and increasing the infrastructure preparedness to the impacts of CC. The first three reports of the series analyze the economic losses caused by climate related events, the benefits of improving building resiliency to reduce those economic losses and the benefits of subsidized financing for resilient buildings in the Caribbean. The results show that increasing building resiliency is economically viable for the high-risk islands of the Caribbean, generating long term savings and increasing the infrastructure preparedness to the impacts of CC. This report Report 4: Infrastructure Resilience in the Caribbean through Nature Based Solutions - extends the previous analysis to examine the potential role for nature-based solutions (NBSs) in the region. The report first defines NBSs in the context of the Caribbean construction industry. It then considers specific NBS options that could be viable in the region. Next, the report reviews the status of NBS related projects in the Caribbean, including efforts supported by the IDB. This analysis also identifies several barriers to the development of NBSs in the region. Finally, the report suggests measures that can be taken to address these barriers and increase the use of NBSs in the Caribbean.
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Norgaard, Dr Kari. Karuk Climate Resiliency Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1614890.

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Pretari, Alexia. Resilience in North East Ghana: Impact Evaluation of the Climate Resilient Agricultural and Food Systems (CRAFS) project. Oxfam GB, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2019.5235.

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This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2017/18 on resilience programming. The Climate-Resilient Agricultural and Food Systems (CRAFS) project took place in four districts of the Upper East, Northern and Upper West regions, between April 2015 and March 2018, by Oxfam, PAS-Garu, PARED, ProNet North and NANDRIDEP. Project activities took place at district, community, household and individual level and included raising awareness on climate change impact, the need to adapt to it, and the restoration of the natural resource base. This evaluation used a quasi-experimental approach to assess the impact of the project activities in building resilience capacities. Multi-dimensional indices of resilience, and of resilience capacities were developed at the household level, taking into account household level characteristics, individual level characteristics for women and men within the household, and intra-household dynamics. Overall, CRAFS had a positive and significant impact on the overall resilience index, driven by a positive impact on adaptive and transformative capacities. Find out more by reading the full report now.
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Bjorkman, Thomas, Michel Cavigelli, Dan Dostie, Joshua Faulkner, Lynn Knight, Steven Mirsky, and Brandon Smith. Cover Cropping to Improve Climate Resilience. USDA Northeast Climate Hub, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.6956539.ch.

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Heavy rains are becoming more frequent across the Northeastern United States and increasing soil erosion and nutrient runoff problems. Wetter weather in the spring and fall is reducing the number of days that fields can be worked.
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Alvez, Juan, James Cropper, Lynn Knight, Ed Rayburn, Howard Skinner, Kathy Soder, and Mike Westendorf. Managing Grazing to Improve Climate Resilience. USDA Northeast Climate Hub, February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.6956540.ch.

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Heavy rain events have increased dramatically in the Northeastern United States. These downpours are causing more soil erosion and nutrient runoff. Increasing summer temperatures may also amplify plant stress and limit productivity.
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